Distribution maps
for the North Sea fisheries
Methods and application in Natura 2000 areas

Distribution maps
for the North Sea fisheries
Methods and application in Natura 2000 areas

J.A.E. van Oostenbrugge
H. Bartelings
F.C. Buisman

LEI report 2010'067
September 2010
Project code 223175200
LEI, part of Wageningen UR, The Hague

2

Distribution maps for the North Sea fisheries; Methods and application
in Natura 2000 areas
Oostenbrugge, J.A.E. van, H. Bartelings and F.C. Buisman
LEI report 2010'067
ISBN/EAN: 978'90'8615'459'3
Price € 23,50 (including 6% VAT)
122 p., fig., tab., app.
In the study presented here, a database was developed with the spatial
distribution pattern of fishing effort, catches and catch values of the Dutch and
non'Dutch fisheries in the Dutch section of the North Sea. Distribution maps
were produced on the basis of this database. In addition, estimates were made
of the value of different fisheries in areas designated by the Netherlands as
Natura 2000 areas.

3

This research has been partly financed by the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture,
Nature and Food Quality.

Photo: Nico van Kappel/Buitenbeeld/HH
Orders
31 070'3358330
publicatie.lei@wur.nl
© LEI, part of Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO Foundation),
2010
Reproduction of contents, either whole or in part, is permitted with due
reference to the source.

4

LEI is ISO 9001:2008 certified.

Contents

1

2

3

4

5

6

Preface

7

Summary

8

Introduction

10

1.1 Motivation
1.2 Results
1.3 Contents

10
11
12

Description of the data processing

13

2.1 Data used for this study
2.2 Processing of data for Dutch vessels
2.3 Processing of data for non'Dutch vessels

13
14
18

Determination of the data quality

22

3.1 Data used for Dutch vessels
3.2 Data used for non'Dutch vessels
3.3 Error margin (statistical) in the estimates

22
29
33

Patterns in the Dutch fisheries

37

4.1 Effort
4.2 Catch

38
41

Patterns in the non&Dutch fisheries

47

5.1 Effort

48

Value areas for the Dutch fleet

57

6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6

58
60
64
68
72
75

Dogger Bank
Frisian Front
Cleaver Bank
Coastal zone
Vlakte van de Raan
Statistical confidence in the estimates for the Dutch fisheries

5

7

8

Value areas for the non&Dutch fleets

77

7.1 Dogger Bank
7.2 Frisian Front

78
82

Discussion and conclusions

101

8.1 Discussion
8.2 Conclusions

101
103

Literature

105

Appendices

107

1
2

107

3
4
5

6

The VIRIS database
Classification of fish species into market categories and the
associated conversion factors
Abbreviations for countries and fishing gear
Catches and effort by fishing gear
Estimated catches by species

109
112
114
120

Preface
The Minister has reported four areas to the European Commission pursuant
to the Habitats Directive to give shape to the implementation of the Pan'
European Ecological Network (PEEN) in the marine environment. In view of the
detrimental effect of the various forms of fisheries on the ecosystem, the
fisheries operations are the most important activity to be restricted in the
implementation of the nature conservation policy in these areas. However, when
imposing these restrictions it is necessary to make an appropriate assessment
of the economical and ecological interests to arrive at an optimum solution both
for nature and the fisheries.
This report constitutes the first step in the assessment, whereby the
information available about the value of the fisheries in the Dutch section of
the North Sea is mapped and combined to produce a spatial database
containing detailed information about the fishing efforts, catches and catch
values of the Dutch and non'Dutch fisheries. Consequently, the report is
primarily focused on the quality of the data and the method that was used.
The next steps of the programme will make use of this information to compare
the economic effects of various packages of measures and arrive at a suitable
balance of interests.
During the work on the project a number of presentations of the method and
the provisional results were given to the Fisheries Measures at Protected North
Sea sites Steering Group (VIBEG). I would like to take this opportunity to thank
the members of the Steering Committee for their extremely valuable
contribution and comments. I would also like to thank our IMARES colleagues for
their willingness to discuss and give thought to the project.

Professor R.B.M. Huirne
Managing Director LEI

7

Summary
The Netherlands has reported four areas to the European Commission pursuant
to the Habitats Directive. One of the implementation programme's major
elements is the protection of these areas' nature from the detrimental effect of
the various forms of fisheries operations in the North Sea. The Ministry of
Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality can arrive at an appropriate assessment
and optimisation of the management only when ecological studies of the
fisheries' effects on nature are supplemented with an insight into the economic
effects of potential measures. This report contains the results from the detailing
of the first phase of a programme designed to determine the economic effects
of restricting measures in certain areas of the North Sea. During this study,
detailed data of the fishing efforts, catches and fish prices of the Dutch and non'
Dutch fisheries sector was collected and a method was developed to combine
and process the data to prepare GIS maps of the value of the Dutch and non'
Dutch fisheries in the Dutch section of the North Sea. These maps were used to
determine the economic value of the operations in the Dogger Bank, Cleaver
Bank, Frisian Front, Vlakte van de Raan and North Sea coastal zone. In addition,
an initial impetus was given to the determination of the statistical uncertainty of
the estimates.

Conclusions

8

The link between the logbook data and VMS data can provide extremely valuable
information about the distribution of the efforts, the catches and their value and
create an opportunity for estimates of the value of specific areas to the
fisheries.
During this period the value of the Dutch fisheries catches in the designated
Natura 2000 areas was substantial (on average, €16 million per annum in
the 2006'2008 period), whereby the shrimp/prawn catches in the coastal zone
were of particular importance (on average, €8.9 million per annum in the
2006'2008 period).
The Dogger Bank was the most important fishing area for the non'Dutch
fisheries in the Dutch section of the continental shelf, with a total catch value of
an average of €2.6 million per annum in the 2006'2008 period.
The method for the estimation of the catches and the determination of
the estimation error used in this report lays the foundations for further
development.

The effects of management measures in the areas can be determined only
by mapping the dependencies of individual entrepreneurs on these areas and
the feasibility of the relocation of their operations. An international perspective is
of great importance to both of these requirements.

9

1
1.1

Introduction
Motivation
In her letter to the House of Representatives of the State'General of
22 December 2008, the Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality
announced that she had notified the European Commission of four areas that
come into consideration for the Habitats Directive. The objective of this
notification was to comply with a European obligation, namely that areas which
qualify for protection pursuant to the Habitats Directive should receive that
protection by means of this instrument. A project has been initiated for the
implementation of the provisions of this Directive in Dutch legislation and policy,
namely the North Sea Marine Protected Areas project. The objective of this
project is to carry out the actions required to protect the relevant areas. The
most important actions are the amendment of the Nature Conservancy Act to
expand the applicability of the Act to the Netherlands Exclusive Economic Zone,
the arrangements for a study of the conservation objectives, the preparations
for the implementation of fisheries measures in the relevant areas and, where
relevant, the arrangements for suitable assessments in the 12'mile zone
(see also IDON, 2005).

Principles
One of the project's major elements is the protection of nature in these areas
from the detrimental effect of the various forms of fisheries operations in
the North Sea. The Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality needs to
supplement ecological studies of the fisheries' effects on nature with the
acquisition of an insight into the economic effects of potential measures.
This in turn requires the performance of relevant economic studies.
The selection of the measures is governed by a number of principles:
' non'discrimination principle;
' 'level playing field' principle;
' feasible and affordable.

Questions to be addressed by the study

10

Economic studies are required to apply these principles, whereby the following
answers will need to be answered:

'
'
'
'

1.2

Which fishing vessels are active on the North Sea, as defined by flag and
origin by community?
Which species of fish are caught by these vessels, to what extent at which
locations and with which fishing gear?
Which landing values are caught at the locations to be designated pursuant
to the nature policy?
What is the non'Dutch fisheries' share of the catches?

Results
The results from this study shall be an as comprehensive as possible GIS
database of European fishing operations in the North Sea that can be used to
determine the fishing efforts, catches and catch values in each area. This
database serves as the basis of distribution maps that can be used during the
policy discussions. These maps were also used to determine the economic
value of the professional fisheries operations in the Dogger Bank, Cleaver Bank,
Frisian Front, Vlakte van de Raan and North Sea coastal zone (Table 1.1).
Table 1.1

Location of the centre of the areas (longitude and latitude)
surface area (hectares) and depth (m relative to Amsterdam
Ordnance Datum, NAP)

Name of area

Longitude

Latitude

Surface

Min

Max

Average

area

(m)

(m)

(m)

(hectares)
Cleaver Bank

03 05 07

54 01 21

123,764

'71

'30

'42

Dogger Bank

03 29 02

55 08 17

471,772

'45

'20

'33

05 34 39 a) 53 29 19 a)

123,800

'39

1

'11

22,639

'36

1

'8

North Sea coastal
zone

Vlakte van de Raan

03 18 36

51 29 44

a) The centre of the coastal zone as determined by the standard method of calculation lies outside the zone.
This is due to the curved form of the coastal zone. For this reason a specific method of calculation was used to
determine a centre that does lie within the zone.
Source: Table reproduced from Bos et al. (2008).

11

1.3

Contents
This report describes the basic information and method used to process data to
arrive at a GIS database of the Dutch and non'Dutch professional fishing sector
active in the North Sea. Chapter 2 contains an explanation of the various
sources of the data and the manner in which the data was processed. Chapter
3 provides an insight into the quality of the various basic data sets on the basis
of information about the coverage of and potential inaccuracies in the data,
followed by an explanation of the method used to determine the statistical error
of the estimates. Chapters 4 and 5 contain the results for the distribution
patterns of efforts, catches and values of the catches. Chapters 6 and 7 review
the importance of the various areas to the Dutch and non'Dutch fisheries.
Chapter 8 discusses the methods and results, and is completed with the
conclusions and recommendations.

12

2
2.1

Description of the data processing
Data used for this study

2.1.1 VIRIS data
The catch data originates from the VIRIS (Fish Registration and Information
System) database that contains records of all landings by vessels sailing under
the Dutch flag and all landings by vessels sailing under a non'Dutch flag landing
fish at ports in the Netherlands. These records are based on the logbooks kept
by the fishers. The catches of each species controlled by quota must be
entered in this logbook per sailing day and ICES quadrant. Records of the
catches of species not controlled by quota are kept per trip. Annex 1 contains
a brief description of the VIRIS database.
2.1.2 Fleet data
The catch data for the various types of fisheries was calculated using
the technical data listed in the NRV (Netherlands Register of Fishing Vessels).
The combination of NRV data and VIRIS data yielded information about the
technical specifications of the vessel on each trip. Not all the technical
specifications of non'Dutch vessels are known.
2.1.3 VMS data
Since 1 January 2000, an increasingly large proportion of fishing vessels are
under the obligation to operate an onboard VMS system (Vessel Monitoring
System) within the context of the European inspection policy. This VMS system
transmits the position of the vessel, vessel identification code and the vessel's
sailing speed to a central computer about once every two hours. The computer
stores this data (EU Regulation 2244/2003). The vessel's sailing speed can be
used to make a distinction between the various activities (fishing, sailing and at
anchor). Although this distinction cannot be made completely, the potential error
is small relative to the total number of records. Information about the presence
of non'Dutch vessels in the Dutch section of the North Sea is also available.
13

2.1.4 Price data
The value of the catches was determined using the average monthly price data
per species collected by the Productschap Vis (Netherlands Fish Product
Board). Price data is not collected for all the species listed in VIRIS. When
specific price data was not available for fish species then the value of the
catches was determined using the average price of less specific market
categories (for example, 'other seafish'). Annex 2 lists the classification of fish
species. In addition, prices from other sources were used for a number of fish
species (in particular, sprat and herring, grey mullet and smelt) (requested from
fishers and collected from the accounts of the high'sea fisheries) since these
species are rarely traded on the fish auctions and the auction prices are not
representative of the actual prices paid for the fish. The average auction price
of catches by vessels with fixed fishing gear were increased by 15%: an
analysis of a limited dataset with price data for the fisheries with fixed fishing
gear and discussions with fishers revealed that these fisheries' catches are, in
general, traded at higher auction prices due to a different market grading
(in general, larger sole) and quality (fresh fish with less damage as compared to
fish caught with beam trawls).
2.1.5 LEI economic data
The LEI panel has economic data for the various fisheries over the entire period
of the study. The data contains the total annual proceeds of the Dutch cutter
fisheries in the various fisheries and the relationships between the total
proceeds and the gross value added. However, this data is not classified by
fishing area. Consequently, the economic data needs to be combined with catch
data to arrive at an estimate of the contribution each fishing area makes to the
economy.

2.2

14

Processing of data for Dutch vessels
A distinction can be made between a number of steps in the processing of the
spatial distribution data. These are reviewed below. First of all, the VMS data
was processed and the patterns in fishing efforts were determined. Next, the
fishing efforts were used to distribute the catches between the various points.
These first steps are illustrated by the example included in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1

Example of a calculation of the catch at the VMS positions
during one trip a)

DH1

Time

Speed

21 Aug.

14:00

0.2

21 Aug.

15:00

5.6

1:00

0

21 Aug.

17:00

3.4

2:00

1,200

21 Aug.

18:00

3.2

1:00

600

21 Aug.

19:00

0

1:00

Total catch

Duration

Catch

0
1,800

a) First, the sailing speed was used to determine whether the vessel was fishing or sailing at each VMS point. Next,
the duration was determined for each position (the time interval between the current and previous position). The
catch (kg) was distributed on the basis of the duration at the various positions at which the vessel was fishing.

The catches and average auction prices were used to determine the value of
the catches. Finally, the contribution to the gross value added was calculated.
A GIS application could then be used to make an estimate of the effort, catches,
catch value and contribution to the gross value added in specific fishing areas.
This method is in agreement with the methods used in earlier LEI reports on
the determination of the value of fishing areas (such as Van Oostenbrugge et al.,
2009).
2.2.1 Processing of VIRIS data
The catches in VIRIS were, when possible, allocated to fishing days. However,
records of some catches are kept solely at trip level. These relate, in general,
to corrections to the totals of the day catches recorded in the logbook that are
made on the basis of the auction data. When these corrections related to
species for which information on day catches during the same trip, then these
extra quantities were distributed between the fishing days on the basis of the
catch quantities by species. When this was not feasible, then the extra
quantities were distributed between the fishing days on the basis of the fishing
effort. The potential error introduced in adopting this approach is very small with
respect to the total catches and common species. However, the error can be
greater with rare species.

15

2.2.2 Processing of VMS data
The VMS data was used to determine the spatial distribution of the fisheries
pattern. First, this data was linked to the VIRIS data on the basis of the vessel
and the date and time. In the first instance, this provided for the selection of
the VMS positions that fall within a trip. Next, the duration was determined for
each position (the time interval between the current and previous position). Time
intervals of longer than four hours (due, in particular, to lacking VMS signals)
were set to 2 hours. The records for each position that include a sailing speed
were then used to determine whether the vessel was sailing or fishing on the
basis of the fishing gear that was used and the size of the vessel. This was
carried out using the values reported by South et al. (2009). When one of the
data items was lacking the activity at the VMS point was regarded as unknown.
Vessels that fished with pelagic otter trawls (OTM) were not classified by activity
since this data was lacking in the aforementioned workshop.
2.2.3 Distribution of catches between the VMS points

16

The combination of VMS data with information from the logbook yielded
information about the geographic positions during each trip and the total catch
during the trip or ' when the relevant data was available ' the catch per day.
On assuming that the catch per fishing hour was constant during the trip/day,
the catch could be distributed between the positions on the basis of the
duration at each position. An example of a calculation is included in Table 2.1.
Self'evidently, the determination of the catch per VMS position on the basis of
the trip is somewhat less accurate than the distribution of the catch at day level.
A normal trip/day is comprised of a number of fishing and/or sailing VMS
points. On a small number of trips, a vessel was sailing at all the available VMS
positions on a day. When data was lacking, for example on the fishing gear,
HP and speed, then it was not possible to allocate an activity to a VMS point.
These points were classified as ‘only unknown'. When the relevant vessels had
recorded day catches, then these were not distributed directly. However, the
catches were taken into account when scaling up the catches to the entire fleet.
When there were day catches during a trip but not on a day for which VMS data
was available, then no catches were allocated to these VMS points. When only
trip catches were available, then the same distribution was used as for the day
catches, but now based on the total time of the trip. The distribution methods
used in the various situations are shown in Table 2.2.

Table 2.2

Basis for the distribution of the catches in various situations

Day catches

Day catch

recorded for trip

recorded on day

yes

yes

Type of activity

Distribution

Fishing and other

Fishing time/fishing time
on fishing day

yes

yes

Only sailing

Catch not distributed

yes

yes

Only unknown

Time unknown/time on
fishing day unknown

yes

yes

Sailing and unknown

Catch not distributed

yes

no

All combinations

No catch

no

Fishing and other

Fishing time/fishing time

no

Only sailing

Catch not distributed

no

Only unknown

Time unknown/time on

no

Sailing and unknown

Catch not distributed

on trip

trip unknown

2.2.4 Scaling up to the entire fleet
Since the VMS data does not provide complete coverage (see also 3.1.2)
the estimated catches and values underestimate the actual values. This is, in
particular, due to vessels with a length of less than 15 metres ' and which,
consequently, do not have an onboard VMS ' as well as to the inability to
distribute a number of catches between VMS points. This was corrected by
increasing the catches by a factor based on the coverage percentages.
This was based on the monthly pattern per HP category and type of fishing gear
or, when this was not possible, on the annual pattern per HP category and type
fishing gear. This approach provided for the distribution of all catches made by
Dutch vessels.
2.2.5 Determination of the value of the catches
The catch values were determined from the catch data using the statutory
conversion factors from live to market weight and the average market prices
per species and month. This was carried out for each combination of VMS point
and species.
17

2.2.6 Determination of the landed catches, value of the catches and gross value
added within fishing areas
A GIS application was used to determine which of the VMS positions (with the
accompanying catches and values) lay within the planned locations and the
catches and their value were determined for each fishing area. This method was
also used earlier in the determination of the economic effects of the closure of
parts of the Voordelta on the fisheries (Van Oostenbrugge, 2006).
The maps were prepared using the aggregated catches and catch values of
each VMS point, whereby the values for individual points were distributed over
a 10 *10 km square to take account of the fact that the VMS point data
constitute snapshots of hauls of several hours that covers a distance of 5'15
nautical miles.
The associated gross value added assigned to each segment of the fleet
was estimated on the basis of the average percentage of the gross value
added's contribution to the production value as known in LEI's Farm
Accountancy Data Network. This method provides for the determination of the
reduction in catch value and gross added value caused by the closure of the
areas.

2.3

Processing of data for non&Dutch vessels
A distinction can be also made between a number of steps in the processing of
the spatial distribution data for non'Dutch vessels. These are reviewed below.
This data distinguishes itself from the data for Dutch vessels in that solely the
VMS data for the Dutch section of the continental shelf provides complete
coverage. This is also why a different method was used to distribute the
catches between the VMS points. However, first of all the VMS data was
processed and the patterns in fishing efforts were determined. Next, the fishing
efforts were used to distribute the available catches between the various points.
These first steps are illustrated by the example included in Table 2.3.

18

Table 2.3

Example of a calculation of the catch at the VMS positions during
one trip of a non&Dutch vessel a)

DH1

Time

21 Aug. leaves port

2;00

Speed

Duration

21 Aug.
21 Aug.
21 Aug.

14:00

0.2

2:00 b)

15:00

5.6

1:00

0

17:00

3.4

2:00

360

21 Aug.

18:00

3.2

1:00

180

21 Aug. arrives at port

22:00

Total duration of trip

20:00

Total duration of VMS

6:00

VMS's share of total

30%

Catch

duration of trip (%)
Non'allocated catch

1,260

Total catch

1,800

a) First, the sailing speed was used to determine whether the vessel was fishing or sailing at each VMS point.
Next, the duration was determined for each position (the time interval between the current and previous position).
Where necessary, this was corrected with the standard time interval (2 hours). The catch to be distributed between
the VMS positions was calculated from the total catch on the basis of the share of the duration that was allocated
to the VMS positions and the total duration of the trip. The resultant catch (kg) at the VMS positions was distributed
on the basis of the duration during which the vessel fished at the various positions; b) this time interval as
compared to the beginning of the trip is twelve hours. However, it was corrected to two hours because the
previous VMS points were probably lacking.

The catches and average auction prices were used to determine the value of
the catches. No gross value added was calculated for non'Dutch vessels. A GIS
application could then be used to make an estimate of the effort, catches and
catch value in specific fishing areas.
2.3.1 Processing of VIRIS data
The data was processed in the same manner as for Dutch vessels.
2.3.2 Processing of VMS data
The data was processed in the same manner as for Dutch vessels.
19

2.3.3 Distribution of catches between the VMS points
The combination of VMS data with information from the logbook yielded
information about the geographic positions during each trip and the total catch
during the trip or ' when the relevant data was available ' the catch per day.
On assuming that the catch per fishing hour was constant during the trip/day
the catch could be distributed between the positions on the basis of
the duration at each position. However, since VMS positions are available solely
for the Dutch section of the continental shelf some of the VMS positions were
probably lacking and, consequently, some information about catch locations
was also lacking. For this reason, a distribution of the catch between the
available VMS positions would result in an overestimation of the catch at each of
the positions. This was avoided by assuming that each segment of the trip is
equally productive. On the basis of this assumption the total catch made at
the VMS positions could be estimated from the total time assigned to the VMS
positions and the total duration of the trip. The catch at the various positions
was then distributed on the basis of the method used for Dutch vessels.
2.3.4 Scaling up to the entire fleet
It cannot be assumed, in contrast to the situation with the Dutch vessels, that
the VIRIS data provides full coverage for non'Dutch vessels. Nor does the VMS
data necessarily provide full coverage for all non'Dutch vessels, although it is
assumed that the small non'Dutch vessels fishing in the Dutch section of the
continental shelf account for only a very small proportion. For this reason, the
catches were scaled up to the total quantity for VMS positions. The catches at
VMS points for which catch data was not available were estimated on the basis
of CPUE estimates. These were in turn calculated for each country, HP category
and type of fishing gear on the basis of catches at VMS positions for which
catch data was available.
2.3.5 Determination of the value of the catches
The data was processed in the same manner as for Dutch vessels.

20

2.3.6 Determination of the landed catches, value of the catches and gross value
added within fishing areas
The data was processed in the same manner as for Dutch vessels. No gross
value added was calculated for non'Dutch vessels.

21

3

Determination of the data quality
This Section begins with a discussion of the quality of the data from each
source and continues with a presentation of an analysis of the effects on
the quality of the estimates.

3.1

Data used for Dutch vessels

3.1.1 VIRIS data
The VIRIS data covers the entire Dutch fleet. It is possible that some of the
catches are not recorded in the VIRIS database since vessels with a length of
more than 10 metres do not need to keep records of catches of less than
50 kg per species. This was examined for a number of vessels: this revealed
that the differences between actual and registered landings are small. However,
it is possible that these differences are of relevance for some other vessels.
Nevertheless, it may be assumed that this underestimation is negligible.
A small fraction of the catches were allocated retrospectively to the trip
catch on the basis of the auction data and then distributed between the fishing
days. Although this distribution results in additional uncertainty this error, in view
of the small quantities involved, will also be very small.
3.1.2 VMS data
Table 3.1 lists the coverage percentages of the VMS data on the basis of the
total distributed catches. The coverage is good for most types of fishing gear
used by the cutter fleet. The VMS coverage is high for the most common forms
of fishing gear such as beam trawl. The coverage is low to very low for a
number of types of fishing gear that are not used frequently, such as angling
lines. However, the catches made with these types of fishing gear are also
limited.

22

Table 3.1

Coverage percentages of VMS data and average catch per
type of fishing gear and HP category in the years from 2006
to 2008 inclusive

Fleet

Gear a) HP category

Average total catch

2006

2007

2008

99
7
39
0
0
24
7
0
0

92
44
41

99
33
50

0
26
0
0

0
17
0
0

0
0

11
99
100
100
100
94
99
63

0
0
0
0
41
97
100
100
100
96
95
95

31
100
100
94

83
100
88
95

100

44

35

51

2006&2008 (* 1,000 kg)
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter
cutter

DRB
FPO
GN
GND
GNS
GNS
GNS
GTR
LH
LHM
LHP
LHP
LL
MIS
MIS
MIS
MIS
UKN
UKN
OTB
OTB
OTB
OTG
OTM
OTM
OTM
OTT
OTT
OTT
PS
PS

301'1,500
0'300
0'300
0'300
unknown
0'300
301'1,500
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
0'300
301'1,500
0'300
unknown
0'300
301'1,500
>1,501
0'300
301'1,500
0'300
301'1,500
>1,501
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
>1,501
0'300
301'1,500
>1,501
unknown
0'300

1,700
6
4
2
4
324
17
1
0
4
81
21
0
0
180
682
121
0
296
2,483
889
812
1
141
796
3,807
525
22
58
0
37

100
0
0
0
7
96
100
100
92
96
96
100
33
100
99
85
100
0
24

23

Table 3.1

Coverage percentages of VMS data and average catch per
type of fishing gear and HP category in the years from 2006
to 2008 inclusive (continued)

Fleet

Gear a) HP category

Average total catch

2006

2007

2008

94

100

2006&2008 (* 1,000 kg)
cutter

PTB

0'300

27

cutter

PTB

301'1,500

3

77

cutter

PTM

0'300

1

cutter

SDN

301'1,500

223

0

0

0

29

36

cutter

SSC

0'300

1

cutter

SSC

301'1,500

2,345

97

cutter

TBB

unknown

1

100

97

95

cutter

TBB

0'300

4,028

cutter

TBB

301'1,500

952

94

96

94

95

97

cutter

TBB

>1,501

97

40,437

94

99

98

cutter

TBS

cutter

TBS

0'300

14,880

96

97

96

301'1,500

41

41

92

high

OTM

0

>1,501

317,447

100

100

99

PTM

>1,501

18,583

100

100

100

0

seas
high
seas
a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

Tables 3.2 to 3.4 for 2006 to 2008 show how the VMS catches were
distributed between the three categories, whereby a distinction was made in
terms of the availability of day'catch figures (see also Table 2.2). It was readily
feasible to determine the VMS points where vessels fitted with the most
important types of fishing gear, such as beam trawl (TBB) and bottom otter
trawl (OTB) fishing gear had fished. Shrimp vessels (shrimp trawl [TBS], <300
HP) are not under the obligation to report day catches: consequently, trip
catches were used for these vessels instead of day catches. However, it was
possible to allocate catches to the VMS points in practically all instances.

24

Table 3.2

Share of the VMS catches distributed in the various manners
(see also Table 2.2) per HP category and type of fishing gear
in 2006

Gear a) HP category VMS catch

With day catch

(* 1,000 kg) Normal
day

Without day catch

Only

Normal

Only

unknown

trip

unknown

Cutter fleet
DRB

301'1,500

1,408

0

100

0

0

FPO

<300

GN

<300

0

0

100

0

0

1

100

0

6

0

GNS
GNS

<300

100

100

0

2

0

301'1,500

1

100

0

0

MIS

0

<300

17

0

97

0

3

MIS

301'1,500

640

0

100

0

0

MIS

>1,501

255

0

100

0

0

UKN

<300

3

0

0

0

100

UKN

301'1,500

609

0

0

0

100

UKN

>1,501

53

0

0

0

100

OTB

<300

2,089

100

0

1

0

OTB

301'1,500

686

100

0

1

0

OTB

>1,501

183

100

0

0

0

OTM

<300

59

0

100

0

0

OTM

301'1,500

1,344

0

100

0

0

OTM

>1,501

9,872

0

100

0

0

OTT

<300

672

100

0

1

0

OTT

>1,501

49

100

0

0

0

PS

<300

8

0

98

0

2

PTB

<300

72

0

98

0

2

SSC

301'1,500

1,674

100

0

0

0

TBB

unknown

2

0

100

0

0

TBB

<300

4,089

100

0

1

0

TBB

301'1,500

1,073

100

0

0

0

TBB

>1,501

41,687

100

0

0

0

TBS

<300

14,900

0

0

100

0

TBS

301'1,500

10

0

0

100

0

25

Table 3.2

Share of the VMS catches distributed in the various manners
(see also Table 2.2) per HP category and type of fishing gear
in 2006 (continued)

Gear a)

HP category VMS catch

With day catch

(* 1,000 kg) Normal
day

Without day catch

Only

Normal

Only

unknown

trip

unknown

High seas fleet
OTM

>1,501

329,689

0

99

0

1

PTM

>1,501

22,213

0

100

0

0

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

Table 3.3

Share of the VMS catches distributed in the various manners
(see also Table 2.2) per HP category and type of fishing gear
in 2007

Gear a)

HP category VMS catch

With day catch

(* 1,000 kg) Normal
day

Without day catch

Only

Normal

Only

unknown

trip

unknown

Cutter fleet
DRB
FPO
GN
GNS
MIS
MIS
MIS
UKN
UKN
UKN
OTB
OTB
OTB
OTM
OTM
OTM

26

301'1,500
<300
<300
<300
<300
301'1,500
>1,501
<300
301'1,500
>1,501
<300
301'1,500
>1,501
<300
301'1,500
>1,501

1,728
3
3
118
88
700
107
19
487
60
2,401
935
460
66
1,035
1,365

0
0
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
99
99
100
0
0
0

100
87
0
0
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
100
100

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0

0
13
0
0
0
0
0
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0

Table 3.3

Share of the VMS catches distributed in the various manners
(see also Table 2.2) per HP category and type of fishing gear
in 2007 (continued)

Gear a)

HP category VMS catch

With day catch

(* 1,000 kg) Normal
day
OTT

<300

454

100

OTT

>1,501

16

PS

<300

11

PTB

<300

6

PTB

301'1,500

SDN

301'1,500

SSC

301'1,500

TBB

<300

TBB

Without day catch

Only

Normal

unknown

trip

Only
unknown

0

1

0

99

0

1

0

0

100

0

0

0

100

0

0

7

0

100

0

0

101

99

0

1

0

2,539

99

0

1

0

3,652

98

0

2

0

301'1,500

855

100

0

0

0

TBB

>1,501

43,954

99

0

0

0

TBS

<300

15,366

0

0

100

0

High seas fleet
UKN

>1,501

13,612

0

0

0

100

OTM

>1,501

343,951

0

96

0

4

PTM

>1,501

18,404

0

100

0

0

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

Table 3.4

Share of the VMS catches distributed in the various manners
(see also Table 2.2) per HP category and type of fishing gear
in 2008

Gear a) HP category

VMS catch

With day catch

(* 1,000 kg) Normal
day

Without day catch

Only

Normal

Only

unknown

trip

unknown

Cutter fleet
DRB

301'1,500

1,790

0

100

0

0

FPO

<300

2

0

92

0

8

GN

<300

4

100

0

0

0

GNS

<300

95

100

0

0

0

LHM

301'1,500

12

0

100

0

0

27

Table 3.4

Share of the VMS catches distributed in the various manners
(see also Table 2.2) per HP category and type of fishing gear
in 2008 (continued)

Gear a) HP category VMS catch

With day catch

(* 1,000 kg)

Without day catch

Normal

Only

Normal

day

unknown

trip

Only
unknown

MIS

<300

12

0

100

0

MIS

301'1,500

653

0

100

0

0

UKN

<300

5

0

0

0

100

UKN

301'1,500

510

0

0

0

100

UKN

>1,501

79

0

0

0

100

OTB

<300

2,669

99

0

1

0

OTB

301'1,500

1,009

99

0

1

0

OTB

>1501

1,788

99

0

0

0

OTG

<300

2

0

100

0

0

OTM

<300

49

0

100

0

0

OTM

301'1,500

10

0

98

0

2

OTT

<300

410

100

0

0

0

OTT

301'1,500

58

99

0

1

0

OTT

>1,501

109

100

0

0

0

PS

0

<300

15

0

100

0

0

SDN

301'1,500

555

100

0

0

0

SSC

301'1,500

2,589

99

0

0

0

TBB

<300

4,045

99

0

1

0

TBB

301'1,500

902

100

0

0

0

TBB

>1,501

34,339

99

0

0

0

TBS

<300

14,462

0

0

99

1

TGB

>1,501

11

0

97

0

3

High seas fleet
UKN

>1,501

7,547

0

0

0

100

OTM

>1,501

294,987

0

98

0

2

PTM

>1,501

15,131

0

100

0

0

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

28

3.1.3 Price data
The price data covers all landings of species controlled by quota in the
Netherlands. Landings outside the Netherlands are not included in this data.
However, the quantities of most species are relatively small. The coverage for
the catches of shrimps is somewhat lower since much of the catch is sold
directly to the processing industry. However, it is assumed that the prices are
indicative.
3.1.4 Economic data
The economic data covers the major segments and types of fishing gear.
The average ratio of the landing value to the gross value added for various
types of fishing gear is used for the other types of fishing gear.

3.2

Data used for non&Dutch vessels

3.2.1 VIRIS data
The VIRIS data covers trips of non'Dutch vessels that land in the Netherlands.
Consequently, no catch data is available for some VMS points. Non'Dutch
vessels, in analogy with Dutch vessels, with a length of more than 10 metres do
not need to keep records of catches of less than 50 kg per species. As
indicated earlier, this can be of relevance to specific vessels. However, it is safe
to assume that this underestimation is relatively small. Table 3.5 lists the
coverage percentages of the VIRIS data on the basis of the duration at the VMS
points. The coverage is reasonably good for most types of fishing gear,
although much lower than for the Dutch segments.

29

Table 3.5

Coverage percentages of catch data and average catch per
type of fishing gear and HP category in the years from 2006
to 2008 inclusive

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU

30

HP category

Gear a)
TBB

<300
<300
<300
<300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500

OTB
TBB
TBS
OTB
TBB
GN
OTB
OTM
TBB
TBS

<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
<300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501

GN
GNS
MIS
UKN
OTB
OTM
OTT
PTB
SPR
TBB
TBS
OTB
PTB
SSC
TBB

2006

2007

2008

0
0
0
99
96
99
1
97
93
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
98
94
100
100
99
100
100
90
72
98
59
0
100
46
0
99
0

0
0
0
100
98
99
0
98
98
0
89
90
0
98
100
0
97
87
55
0
100
0
0
94
0
100
35
0
98
0
75
99
0

0
0
0
100
100
99
0
97
97
0
0
0
0
100
100
0
98
92
0
0
98
0
0
0
0
98
61
0
99
0
0
99
0

Table 3.5

Coverage percentages of catch data and average catch per
type of fishing gear and HP category in the years from 2006
to 2008 inclusive (continued)

Country
DEU

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

>1,501

OTM

22

44

56

0

0

0

DNK
DNK

GN

87

100

0

DNK

GNS

0

94

0

DNK

OTB

91

0

0

DNK

OTT

0

100

0

DNK

SDN

0

98

0

DNK

SSC

0

82

0

0

0

0

98

99

96

DNK

<300

DNK

<300

GN

DNK

<300

GND

0

38

0

DNK

<300

GNS

93

90

94

DNK

<300

GTR

89

13

0

DNK

<300

OTB

16

0

0

DNK

<300

SDN

85

88

87

DNK

<300

TBB

62

0

16

DNK

301'1,500

0

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

GN

100

100

95

DNK

301'1,500

GNS

94

77

0

DNK

301'1,500

GTR

0

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

OTB

94

100

98

DNK

301'1,500

OTT

85

88

90

DNK

301'1,500

SSC

91

72

90

DNK

301'1,500

TBB

87

0

0

DNK

>1,501

0

0

0

0

0

0

FRA
FRA

<300

0

0

0

FRA

301'1,500

0

0

0

FRA

>1,501

0

0

0

FRA

0

0

0

GBR

0

0

0

31

Table 3.5

Coverage percentages of catch data and average catch per
type of fishing gear and HP category in the years from 2006
to 2008 inclusive (continued)

Country

HP category

GBR

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

TBB

96

0

100

0

0

0

FPO

0

80

0

GBR

<300

GBR

<300

GBR

<300

GN

85

90

79

GBR

<300

SDN

0

0

95

GBR

<300

TBB

37

100

99

GBR

301'1,500

0

0

0

GBR

301'1,500

0

0

0

GBR

301'1,500

FPO

1

100

90

GBR

301'1,500

OTB

100

100

99

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

98

98

100

GBR

301'1,500

PTB

0

0

91

GBR

301'1,500

SSC

30

75

94

GBR

301'1,500

TBB

97

99

99

GBR

301'1,500

TBS

0

11

0

GBR

>1,501

0

1

0

GBR

>1,501

OTB

0

0

100

GBR

>1,501

OTM

43

3

18

GBR

>1,501

OTT

100

100

100

GBR

>1,501

PTM

33

25

20

GBR

>1,501

SSC

0

14

0

GBR

>1,501

TBB

97

99

98

0

0

0

0

0

0

DRB

IRL
IRL

<300

IRL

301'1,500

IRL

301'1,500

IRL

>1,501

IRL

>1,501

FPO
OTM

LTU
LTU
NOR

32

>1,501

OTM

0

0

0

0

27

42

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

81

56

0

0

0

0

Table 3.5

Coverage percentages of catch data and average catch per
type of fishing gear and HP category in the years from 2006
to 2008 inclusive (continued)

Country

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

NOR

301'1,500

0

0

0

NOR

>1,501

0

0

0

POL

0

0

0

RUS

0

0

0

SWE

0

0

0

UKN

0

0

0

XNE

0

0

0

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

3.2.2 VMS data
The Netherlands is responsible for the control of fishing vessels in the Dutch
section of the continental shelf and, consequently, has all VMS data relating to
the area at its disposal. However, this is often only part of the VMS information
about the trip since these vessels spend only part of the time of their trip in the
Dutch section of the continental shelf. Vessels with a length of 15 metres are
not governed by the VMS obligation. It is assumed that the number of non'Dutch
vessels of a length of less than 15 metres that fish in the Dutch section of the
continental shelf is negligible.
3.2.3 Price data
The price data covers all landings of species controlled by quota in the
Netherlands. Since the large majority of the catches are landed in the
Netherlands, it has been decided that these prices will also be used for non'
Dutch vessels.

3.3

Error margin (statistical) in the estimates
The error margin in the estimates of the catches and the associated economic
proceeds (catch value and gross value added) depends on a large number of
factors:

33

uncertainties about the distribution of the fishing efforts (location of the
hauls);
uncertainty about the distinction between fishing and sailing;
uncertainties about the distribution of the catches between the hauls;
uncertainties about the prices of the species;
uncertainties about the relationship between income and gross value added.

'
'
'
'
'

The following assumptions were made in the calculation of the error margin
in the estimates. It is extremely difficult to determine the potential error in the
distribution of fishing effort and for this reason the error has not been taken into
account. Consequently, this implies an underestimation of the potential error.
The variance in the catches from hauls is assumed to be the same in all
trips, namely approximately CV = 0.6 (Van Densen, 2001). The average catch
per haul can now be used to calculate the standard error in the estimate of the
catch in the area for each trip (formula 1).
The variance in the estimator for each stratum ( v(YDh ) ) can be calculated
from the standard deviation in the stratum ( s 2y ,h ) using the formula:
ν (Y Dh ) =

(1 − f h ) 2
s

nh

(1)

y ,h

where:
fh =

nh
Nh

(2)

nh is the number of random sample units (hauls within the area) and Nh the total
number of hauls. This implies that the variance in the estimator (uncertainty)
decreases when a larger proportion of the total number of hauls is made in the
area: when all hauls during one day are made in the area then the uncertainty of
the estimate is 0 and when only a small proportion of the hauls are made in the
area then the uncertainty is large.
The variance in the total catch can be estimated from the variance in the
estimate of individual trips using the following formula:
n

n

n

∑ var( X ) + 2∑ ∑ cov( X , X )
i =1

34

i

i =1 j =i +1

i

j

(3)

where var(Xi) is the variance in the estimate of each trip and cov(Xi,Xj) is the
covariance between the estimates of different trips.
The variance in the estimate of the total population can be calculated from
the variance in the catch from individual trips (var(Xi)) together with an estimate
of the covariance between the estimates of the catches (cov(Xi,Xj)), whereby a
number of covariances play a role: spatial, temporal and between vessels. This
covariance is estimated on the basis of a logistics regression analysis of the
probability of catches in the areas. The explained variance obtained from this
analysis, which serves as a rough measure for the correlation between the
results from the trips, is approximately 0.3.
This can be calculated using the formula:

(4)
The aforementioned variance in the results from the trips and the correlation
between trips yields an uncertainty (standard error) in the estimates of the total
catches of between 15 and 30% for most variants, with a single outlier of 50%.
The variation in the value per haul is lower than the variance in the catch due
to the compensation for the value of the various species. For this reason, the
calculation of the variance in the estimates per trip assumes a CV of 0.4. This
results in an uncertainty (standard error) in the estimates of the total value in the
areas that is lower than for the catches, namely between 10 and 20%.
However, this estimate also needs to take account of the error caused by
the calculation of catch values on the basis of average monthly prices and the
calculation of the gross value added on the basis of the average ratio of the
landing value to gross value added per fleet segment.
The potential error caused by using monthly prices is estimated by carrying
out a regression analysis of the actual known catch values per trip listed in LEI's
accounts (about 25% of the vessels) against the derived catch values
determined from the catches and auction prices. This analysis reveals that the
average market prices offer a good indication of the actual price and that for
the number of trips that are concerned (within the areas) the resultant additional
error in the total value of the catch is small (relative standard error < 0.05).
Consequently, the total relative error in the value of the catches is also between
10 and 20%.
The error in the calculation of the gross value added per fleet segment is
small: the relative standard error is also below 5%. As a result, the total relative
error in the added value lies between 15 and 25%.

35

The confidence limits (the maximum possible deviation of the actual value)
can be estimated by multiplying the relative errors (on the basis of the
assumption of a normal distribution curve) by 1.96.
In view of the problems in the distribution of the catches by non'Dutch
vessels these segments' catch patterns and catches/catch values in the areas
can be regarded solely as indicative. Consequently, no estimate of the errors
has been made for these vessels.

36

4

Patterns in the Dutch fisheries
This Section presents the Dutch fisheries' patterns in effort, catches and catch
value for the 2006'2008 period. Distribution maps for the catches and catch
values obtained with the most common types (beam trawl, shrimp trawl and
bottom otter trawl) in 2008 are included in Annex 4.

37

4.1

Effort
Figure 4.1

Distribution of the effort of the Dutch fleet in the North Sea in
2006 and the position of the five designated Natura 2000
areas

38

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

Figure 4.2

Distribution of the effort of the Dutch fleet in the North Sea
in 2007 and the position of the five designated Natura 2000
areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

39

Figure 4.3

Distribution of the effort of the Dutch fleet in the North Sea
in 2008 and the position of the five designated Natura 2000
areas

40

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

4.2

Catch
Figure 4.4

Distribution of the catch of the Dutch fleet in the North Sea in
2006 and the position of the five designated Natura 2000
areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

41

Figure 4.5

Distribution of the catch of the Dutch fleet in the North Sea
in 2007 and the position of the five designated Natura 2000
areas

42

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

Figure 4.6

Distribution of the catch of the Dutch fleet in the North Sea
in 2008 and the position of the five designated Natura 2000
areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

43

4.3

Catch value
Figure 4.7

Distribution of the catch value of the Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2006 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

44

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Figure 4.8

Distribution of the catch value of the Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2007 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

45

Figure 4.9

Distribution of the catch value of the Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

46

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

5

Patterns in the non'Dutch fisheries
This Section presents the non'Dutch fisheries' patterns in effort, catches and
catch value for the 2006'2008 period.

47

5.1

Effort
Figure 5.1

Distribution of the effort of the non&Dutch fleet in the North
Sea in 2006 and the position of the five designated Natura
2000 areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

48

Figure 5.2

Distribution of the effort of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2007 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

49

Figure 5.3

Distribution of the effort of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

50

5.2

Catch
Figure 5.4

Distribution of the catch of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2006 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

51

Figure 5.5

Distribution of the catch of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2007 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

52

Figure 5.6

Distribution of the catch of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data and VMS data, processed by LEI.

53

5.3

Catch value
Figure 5.7

Distribution of the catch value of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2006 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

54

Figure 5.8

Distribution of the catch value of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2007 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

55

Figure 5.9

Distribution of the catch value of the non&Dutch fleet in the
North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

56

6

Value areas for the Dutch fleet
The distribution maps were used to make an estimate of the fishing efforts,
catches and catch values in the various areas that may be or have been
designated as Natura 2000 areas: the Dogger Bank, Cleaver Bank, Frisian
Front, the North Sea coastal zone and Vlakte van de Raan. The following tables
list the results in each area. The estimated catches and catch values by species
in each area are included in Annex 5.
Table 6.0

Total landings, landings and gross value added of the
fisheries in the various areas

Area

2006

2007

2008

Average

Landings (*1,000 kg)
Dogger Bank

199

125

564

296

Frisian Front

1,347

1,228

1,019

1,198

Cleaver Bank

314

475

336

375

Coastal zone

3,234

2,470

3,158

2,954

147

231

253

210

Vlakte van de Raan
Value (* €1,000)
Dogger Bank

462

294

1,190

649

Frisian Front

5,031

5,191

4,099

4,774

Cleaver Bank

1,035

1,667

1,141

1,281

Coastal zone

8,167

7,684

10,847

8,899

357

439

759

518

Vlakte van de Raan
Gross value added (* €1,000)
Dogger Bank

127

94

396

206

Frisian Front

1,388

1,651

1,283

1,441

Cleaver Bank

286

667

515

489

Coastal zone

3,383

4,025

4,963

4,124

121

188

347

218

Vlakte van de Raan

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

57

6.1

Dogger Bank
Table 6.1

Effort of each fleet segment in the Dogger Bank area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Fleet

HP category

Gear

2006

2007

2008 Average

Time spent

a)
cutter

fishing

0'300

OTB

16

16

59

30

0.25

cutter

0'300

OTM

2

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

30

1

0.00

10

22

20

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

0.40

2

5

2

0.25

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

>1,501

UKN

0

0.00

4

3

2

0.00

cutter

>1,501

OTB

cutter

>1,501

TBB

8

47

418

158

0.26

323

150

277

250

high seas

>1,501

OTM

0.17

0

0.00

high seas

>1,501

PTM

0

0.00

1

0
0

0

0

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 6.2

Landings of each fleet segment from the Dogger Bank area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

cutter

0'300

OTB

7

6

38

17

cutter

0'300

OTM

1

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

15

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTB

1

23

235

86

166

91

251

169

cutter

>1,501

TBB

high seas

>1,501

OTM

high seas

>1,501

PTM

Total

0

9

8

1

1

1

0

0

1

0

9

4

30

15

199

125

564

296

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3

58

0

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 6.3

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Dogger Bank area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

cutter
cutter

0'300

OTB

17

11

81

36

0'300

OTM

4

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

30

1

17

16

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

1

2

1

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTB

3

49

486

179

cutter

>1,501

TBB

405

231

596

411

high seas

>1,501

OTM

high seas

>1,501

PTM

Total

1

1

0

0

0

2

1

8

4

462

294

1,190

649

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 6.4

Gross value added (GVA) of the landed catches of each fleet
segment from the Dogger Bank area (* €1,000)
GVA (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

cutter

0'300

OTB

6

6

53

22

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

0

0

7

3

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

1

1

1

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTB

0

14

170

62

cutter

>1,501

TBB

120

73

165

119

127

94

396

206

Total

0

0

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

59

6.2

Frisian Front
Table 6.5

Effort of each fleet segment in the Frisian Front area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Fleet

HP category Gear a) 2006

2007

2008

Average

Time spent
fishing

cutter

0'300

UKN

1

0

0.00

cutter

0'300

OTB

872

444

cutter

0'300

OTT

489

167

547

621

0.35

184

280

cutter

0'300

PTB

4

0.41

1

0.00

cutter

0'300

TBB

254

cutter

0'300

TBS

125

182

0.27

0

0

1.00

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

121

183

0.39

20

7

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

11

0.39

13

4

10

0.45

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

>1,501

UKN

943

738

554

745

0.15

9

4

2

5

cutter

>1,501

0.00

OTB

4

54

52

37

0.46

cutter
cutter

>1,501

OTT

9

12

7

0.55

>1,501

TBB 2,814

3,423

2,309

2,849

0.16

high

>1,501

OTM

0

0.00

243

166
184

0

seas
a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

60

Table 6.6

Landings of each fleet segment from the Frisian Front area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

cutter

0'300

cutter

0'300

PTB

1

cutter

0'300

TBB

32

cutter

0'300

TBS

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

3

5

0

3

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

183

136

120

146

cutter

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTB

0

7

4

4

cutter

>1,501

OTT

2

cutter

>1,501

TBB

867

927

high seas

>1,501

OTM
1,347

1,228

Total

2006

2007

2008

Average

OTB

138

73

94

102

OTT

76

18

31

41

29

20

27

0

0

24

32

6

2

0

45

0

0

26

1

1

718

837

1,019

1,198

8

3

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

61

Table 6.7

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Frisian Front area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

cutter

0'300

cutter

0'300

PTB

1

cutter

0'300

TBB

106

cutter

0'300

TBS

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

10

8

1

6

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

687

547

468

567

cutter

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTB

0

24

13

12

cutter

>1,501

OTT

7

cutter

>1,501

TBB

3,026

3,963

high seas

>1,501

OTM
5,031

5,191

Total

2006

2007

OTB

606

Average

294

418

440

OTT

150360

81

129

190

149

89

115

0

0

109

154

26

9

0

229

0

0

123

3

3

2,844

3,278

4,099

4,774

3

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

62

2008

1

Table 6.8

Gross value added (GVA) of the landed catches of each fleet
segment from the Frisian Front area (* €1,000)
GVA (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

cutter

2008

Average

OTB

215

158

274

215

0'300

OTT

127

43

85

85

cutter

0'300

TBB

cutter

0'300

TBS

27

64

34

41

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

cutter
cutter

0

0

0

0

46

28

3

34

11

4

SSC

5

3

0

3

301'1,500

TBB

112

91

41

81

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTB

0

7

4

4

cutter

>1,501

OTT

0

1

0

cutter

>1,501

TBB

899

1,251

788

979

1,388

1,651

1,283

1,441

Total
a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

63

6.3

Cleaver Bank
Table 6.9

Effort of each fleet segment in the Cleaver Bank area (days
at sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Fleet

HP category Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

cutter

0'300

cutter

0'300

OTB

407

cutter

0'300

OTM

40

cutter

0'300

OTT

288

248

cutter

0'300

PTB

23

20

cutter

0'300

TBB

22

3

8

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

168

205

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

6

54

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

5

2

cutter

>1,501

UKN

cutter

>1,501

OTB

cutter

>1,501

OTT

1

cutter

>1,501

TBB

416

615

high seas

>1,501

OTM

0

0

Average

Time spent
fishing

UKN

1
625

11

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

64

0

0.00

492

0.27

13

0.00

206

0.25

14

0.00

11

0.87

312

228

0.34

33

11

0.41

175

58

0.97

34

31

0.43

2

1.00

1

0

0.00

24

12

0.82

0

0.50

344

459

0.19

0

0

0.00

445
81

Table 6.10

Landings of each fleet segment from the Cleaver Bank area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

cutter

2008

Average

OTB

60

102

81

81

0'300

OTM

6

cutter

0'300

OTT

43

44

cutter

0'300

PTB

3

3

cutter

0'300

TBB

1

0

3

1

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

30

49

63

47

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

10

3

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

2

19

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

0

0

cutter

>1,501

UKN

cutter

>1,501

OTB

cutter

>1,501

OTT

0

0

0
2

0

16

34
2

10

3

13

11
0

0

0

3

1
0

cutter

>1,501

TBB

138

219

135

164

high seas

>1,501

OTM

31

40

2

24

314

475

336

375

Total
a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

65

Table 6.11

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Cleaver Bank area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

cutter

OTB

226

491

0'300

OTM

14

cutter

0'300

OTT

198

208

cutter

0'300

PTB

6

18

cutter

0'300

TBB

5

0

12

6

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

130

233

233

199

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

28

9

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

3

47

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

0

0

cutter

>1,501

UKN

cutter

>1,501

OTB

cutter

>1,501

OTT

0

Average

330

349

0

0
5

0

70

159
8

21

7

40

30
0

0

0

8

3
0

cutter

>1,501

TBB

444

660

397

500

high seas

>1,501

OTM

8

10

1

6

1,035

1,667

1,141

1,281

Total
a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

66

2008

Table 6.12

Gross value added (GVA) of the landed catches of each fleet
segment from the Cleaver Bank area (* €1,000)
GVA (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

OTB

80

cutter

0'300

OTT

70

cutter

0'300

PTB

cutter

0'300

TBB

1

0

5

2

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

2

65

98

55

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

12

4

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

9

3

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

2

19

17

12

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

0

0

cutter

>1,501

UKN

cutter

>1,501

OTB

cutter

>1,501

OTT

0

cutter

>1,501

TBB

Total

2008

Average

263

216

186

112

46

76

0

0

0
0

0

0

3

1

132

208

110

150

286

667

515

489

0

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

67

6.4

Coastal zone
Table 6.13

Effort of each fleet segment in the Coastal zone area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Fleet

HP category

Gear

2006

2007

2008

Average

a)
TBB

fishing

cutter

xxx

0

cutter

0'300

GN

1

14

cutter

0'300

GNS

124

84

cutter

0'300

MIS

19

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

OTB

59

46

0

0.00

2

6

0.94

388

198

0.87

6

0.00

58

0

0.00

54

0.95

cutter

0'300

OTT

31

20

18

23

0.96

cutter

0'300

PTB

1

0

0.00

cutter

0'300

TBB

783

420

684

629

0.27

3,653

2,940

3,557

0

cutter

0'300

TBS

3,383

0.52

cutter

301'1,500

DRB

0

0

0.00

cutter

301'1,500

MIS

1

0

0.00

cutter

301'1,500

UKN

37

51

37

42

0.00

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

18

17

12

16

0.96

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

2

1

1.00

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

14

12

9

1.00

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

12

18

10

13

0.85

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

22

18

8

16

0.98

cutter

301'1,500

TBS

0

19

7

0.46

cutter

>1,501

UKN

1

3

2

2

0.00

cutter

>1,501

OTB

0

1

10

4

1.00

cutter

>1,501

OTT

1

3

1

1.00

cutter

>1,501

TBB

290

169

240

0.98

261

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

68

Time spent

Table 6.14

Landings of each fleet segment from the Coastal zone area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

cutter

xxx

TBB

0

cutter

0'300

GN

cutter

0'300

cutter
cutter

Average

0

0

0

0

GNS

16

9

34

20

0'300

MIS

3

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

OTB

1

1

5

2

cutter

0'300

OTT

0

0

1

0

cutter

0'300

PTB

1

cutter

0'300

TBB

105

81

128

104

cutter

0'300

TBS

2,993

2,259

2,812

2,688

cutter

301'1,500

DRB

cutter

301'1,500

MIS

cutter

301'1,500

UKN

113

102

173

129

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

0

0

3

1

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

301'1,500

cutter
cutter

0

1
0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

3

1

1

0

0

0

0

TBS

0

12

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

0

>1,501

OTB

0

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTT

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

TBB

Total

4

1

1

2

1

3,234

2,470

3,158

2,954

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

69

Table 6.15

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Coastal zone area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

cutter

xxx

TBB

0

cutter

0'300

GN

cutter

0'300

cutter
cutter

0

5

0

2

GNS

196

96

304

199

0'300

MIS

27

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

OTB

2

5

8

5

cutter

0'300

OTT

0

0

2

1

cutter

0'300

PTB

2

cutter

0'300

TBB

597

413

669

560

cutter

0'300

TBS

7,102

6,851

9,347

7,767

cutter

301'1,500

DRB

cutter

301'1,500

MIS

cutter

301'1,500

UKN

235

259

506

333

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

0

1

3

1

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

301'1,500

cutter
cutter

0

9
0

0

1

0

0

2

1

0

0

0

0

0

1

10

1

4

1

0

0

TBS

0

39

>1,501

UKN

0

0

0

0

>1,501

OTB

0

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

OTT

0

0

0

cutter

>1,501

TBB

Total

0
13

6

3

7

5

8,167

7,684

10,847

8,899

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

70

Average

Table 6.16

Gross value added (GVA) of the landed catches of each fleet
segment from the Coastal zone area (* €1,000)
GVA (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

cutter

0'300

GN

0

2

0

1

cutter

0'300

GNS

77

41

131

83

cutter

0'300

UKN

cutter

0'300

OTB

1

3

5

cutter

0'300

OTT

0

0

1

0

cutter

0'300

TBB

153

176

252

194

0

Average

0
3

cutter

0'300

TBS

3,151

3,776

4,571

3,833

cutter

301'1,500

OTB

0

0

1

0

cutter

301'1,500

OTT

cutter

301'1,500

SDN

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

0

cutter

301'1,500

TBB

cutter

301'1,500

TBS

cutter

>1,501

cutter
cutter
cutter

0

0

0

0

0

4

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

21

UKN

0

0

0

0

>1,501

OTB

0

0

0

0

>1,501

OTT

0

0

0

>1,501

TBB

Total

7

2

1

2

2

3,383

4,025

4,963

4,124

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

71

6.5

Vlakte van de Raan
Table 6.17

Effort of each fleet segment in the Vlakte van de Raan area
(days at sea)and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Fleet HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

GNS

1

0
4

2008

Average

Time spent
fishing

cutter

0'300

cutter

0'300

MIS

1

cutter

0'300

UKN

0

cutter

0'300

OTB

51

cutter

0'300

OTM

53

36

cutter

0'300

TBB

110

171

167

118

1.00

2

0.00

3

1

0.00

74

81

0.37

11

33

0.00

457

246

0.48

cutter

0'300

TBS

145

114

142

0.35

cutter

301'1,500

DRB

1

0

0

0.00

cutter

301'1,500

OTM

0

0

0.00

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

1

0

1.00

cutter

>1,501

TBB

39

48

0.99

high seas

>1,501

OTM

0

0.00

48

55

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

72

0

0

Table 6.18

Landings of each fleet segment from the Vlakte van de Raan
area (*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

GNS

0

0

cutter

0'300

MIS

0

0

cutter

0'300

UKN

0

cutter

0'300

OTB

31

cutter

0'300

OTM

16

cutter

0'300

TBB

Average
0
0

0

0

51

51

45

15

3

11

19

34

96

50

103

74

cutter

0'300

TBS

73

46

cutter

301'1,500

DRB

7

0

cutter

301'1,500

OTM

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

cutter

>1,501

TBB

high seas

>1,501

OTM

Total

2008

2

3
0

0

1
0

0

0

0

253

210

80
147

231

27

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

73

Table 6.19

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the

Vlakte van de Raan area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)
Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

GNS

0

0

cutter

0'300

MIS

0

0

cutter

0'300

UKN

0

cutter

0'300

OTB

67

cutter

0'300

OTM

30

cutter

0'300

TBB

Average
0
0

0

0

96

103

88

28

5

21

68

129

348

181

304

210

cutter

0'300

TBS

180

147

cutter

301'1,500

DRB

12

1

cutter

301'1,500

OTM

cutter

301'1,500

SSC

cutter

>1,501

TBB

high seas

>1,501

OTM

Total

2008

5

1
0

1

357

439

0
0

0

0

0

759

518

35

12

a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 6.20

Gross value added (GVA) of the landed catches of each fleet
segment from the Vlakte van de Raan area (* €1,000)
GVA (* €1,000)

Fleet

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

cutter

0'300

GNS

0

0

cutter

0'300

UKN

0

0

0

cutter

0'300

OTB

24

52

67

47

cutter

0'300

TBB

17

55

131

68

cutter

0'300

TBS

80

81

148

103

cutter

>1,501

TBB

0

0

0

0

121

188

347

218

Total
a) Fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

74

2008

Average
0

6.6

Statistical confidence in the estimates for the Dutch fisheries
Table 6.21 lists the standard errors of the estimates of the total catch, catch
value and gross value added in the various areas. This reveals, in particular, that
the confidence in the estimates for the smaller areas is lower than for the larger
areas. The relative standard errors are also large for the Dogger Bank: this is
due to the lower fishing efforts in this area. This is primarily due to the smaller
number of observations in areas that are fished less (smaller areas and areas
with lower fishing intensities).
Consequently the method used here, in which day catches are distributed
between VMS locations on the basis of time intervals, does not yield information
about the exact catches at specific locations. Local large/small catches are
averaged out with other smaller/larger catches when fishing at a specific
location for a very short period of time. This is manifested in the form of a low
confidence in the estimates of the value of small areas. This could be improved
by the incorporation of more detailed catch data. However, this data was not
available for this study.

75

Table 6.21

Relative standard errors of the estimates of catches,
catch values and gross value added in the various areas in the
2006&2008 period
Dogger

Frisian

Cleaver

North Sea

Vlakte van

Bank

Front

Bank

coastal

de Raan

zone

2006
Catch

0.30

0.18

0.83

0.19

0.42

Catch value

0.13

0.12

0.16

0.14

0.44

Gross value added

0.15

0.14

0.18

0.16

0.47

Catch

0.14

0.15

0.16

0.08

0.45

Catch value

0.11

0.11

0.11

0.06

0.17

Gross value added

0.13

0.13

0.13

0.08

0.19

Catch

0.27

0.23

0.23

0.17

0.38

Catch value

0.10

0.13

0.14

0.11

0.30

Gross value added

0.12

0.15

0.17

0.13

0.33

Catch

0.24

0.19

0.41

0.14

0.42

Catch value

0.11

0.12

0.14

0.10

0.30

Gross value added

0.13

0.14

0.16

0.12

0.33

2007

2008

Average

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

76

7

Value areas for the non'Dutch fleets
The distribution maps were used to make an estimate of the fishing efforts,
catches and catch values in the various areas that may be or have been
designated as Natura 2000 areas: the Dogger Bank, Cleaver Bank, Frisian
Front, the North Sea coastal zone and Vlakte van de Raan. The following tables
list the results in each area.
Table 7.0

Total landings, landings and gross value added of the non&
Dutch fisheries in the various areas

Area

2006

2007

2008

Average

Dogger Bank

1,103

1,013

1,309

1,142

Frisian Front

335

451

393

393

Cleaver Bank

381

388

154

308

Coastal zone

17

33

64

38

Vlakte van de Raan

51

48

95

65

Dogger Bank

2,938

2,327

2,727

2,664

Frisian Front

1,221

1,859

1,505

1,528

Cleaver Bank

1,174

1,190

438

934

Coastal zone

85

149

257

164

Vlakte van de Raan

136

139

293

189

Landings (*1,000 kg)

Value (* €1,000)

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

77

7.1

Dogger Bank
Table 7.1

Effort of each fleet segment in the Dogger Bank area (days
at sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Country

78

2006

Time spent

HP category

Gear a)

2007

2008

Average

fishing

BEL

301'1,500

UKN

1

1

1

0.00

BEL

301'1,500

OTB

54

27

27

0.86

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

1

0

1.00

DEU

xxx

UKN

0

0

0.00

DEU

0'300

UKN

0

1

0

0.00

DEU

0'300

OTB

28

112

40

60

0.26

DEU

301'1,500

UKN

7

3

9

6

0.00

DEU

301'1,500

OTB

3

0

5

3

0.33

DEU

301'1,500

TBB

18

6

0.10

DEU

>1,501

OTM

DNK

xxx

UKN

DNK

xxx

SDN

DNK

0'300

UKN

35

28

DNK

0'300

SDN

79

14

103

DNK

301'1,500

UKN

723

278

DNK

301'1,500

OTB

DNK

301'1,500

OTT

DNK

301'1,500

SSC

DNK

>1,501

UKN

19

28

FRA

0'300

UKN

0

0

FRA

301'1,500

UKN

FRA

>1,501

UKN

2

FRA

xxx

UKN

1

GBR

xxx

UKN

GBR

xxx

TBB

7

GBR

0'300

GN

5

4

GBR

0'300

UKN

2

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

0

GBR

301'1,500

OTB

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

58

0

0

0

0.00

21

30

36

0.00

0

1.00

21

0.00

65

0.84

170

391

0.00

1

0

1.00

12

6

0.16

0

0.33

17

21

0.00

0

0

0.00

0

2

1

0.00

1

1

1

0.00

1

1

1

0.00

5

0

2

0.00

2

0.00

5

4

1.00

6

11

7

0.00

1

0

1

0.00

65

113

59

0.44

93

22

49

0.46

0

5
1

32

Table 7.1

Effort of each fleet segment in the Dogger Bank area (days
at sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
(continued)
Effort (days at sea)

Country
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
IRL
NOR
NOR
NOR
SWE
UKN
XNE

Time spent

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

fishing

301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
xxx
xxx
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
xxx

TBB
UKN
OTT
PTM
TBB
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN

1,051
0

794
1
7

913
1

112

131
3
2

919
0
2
0
161
1
4
0
1
8
0
1

0.14
0.00
0.52
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0
239
3

7
1
2
4
0
3

0
20
0

1
1

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 7.2

Landings of each fleet segment from the Dogger Bank area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK

HP category

Gear a)

301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300

UKN
OTB
TBB
UKN
OTB
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTM
UKN
SDN
UKN
SDN

2006

0
0
14
2
1
6
5
4
37

2007

2008

Average

0
16

0
7

48
1
0

0
19
3
2

0
8
0
0
27
2
1
2
2
5
0
3
33

3
9
0
4
2

3

61

79

Table 7.2

Landings of each fleet segment from the Dogger Bank area
(*1,000 kg) (continued)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
Total

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501

UKN
OTB
OTT
SSC
UKN
UKN
UKN
TBB
GN
UKN
UKN
OTB
OTT
TBB
UKN
OTT
PTM
TBB

156

55

40
0
8

84
0
4
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
51
34
732
4
1
3
144
1,142

3
0
0

0
0

0
4
0
0
0

0
1
1
61
75
630
11
2

0
3
0
92
11
896
1

94
1,013

164
1,309

16
671
1
9
175
1,103

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 7.3

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from
the Dogger Bank area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU

80

HP category

Gear a)

301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501

UKN
OTB
TBB
UKN
OTB
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTM

2006

0
0
29
6
1
13

2007

2008

Average

1
34

1
16

102
3
0

0
38
10
4

6

4

0
17
0
0
57
6
2
4
3

Table 7.3

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from
the Dogger Bank area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Country
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
Total

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501

UKN
SDN
UKN
SDN
UKN
OTB
OTT
SSC
UKN
UKN
UKN
TBB
GN
UKN
UKN
OTB
OTT
TBB
UKN
OTT
PTM
TBB

41

19
0
33
4
252

38
75
753
7
0
0

2008

123
161
0
16

0
0
0

12
0
0
0
34
1,533
1
2
394
2,938

0
4
2
122
158
1,362
30
3

0
8
0
183
22
1,823
1

194
2,327

316
2,727

Average
20
0
24
67
388
0
8
0
0
0
0
4
0
4
1
102
72
1,572
10
1
1
301
2,664

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

81

7.2

Frisian Front
Table 7.4

Effort of each fleet segment in the Frisian Front area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Coun&try

82

HP category

Gear a) 2006

2007

2008

Average

fishing

33

0.93

0

0.00

7

7

0.00

1

4

1.00

5

12

0.60

0

1.00

0

0.00

20

0.00

0

1.00

2

1

0.92

0

0.00

162

141

0.39

BEL

0'300

OTB

30

69

BEL

0'300

TBB

0

BEL

301'1,500

UKN

6

9

BEL

301'1,500

OTB

0

12

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

11

22

DEU

xxx

GN

0

DEU

xxx

UKN

0

DEU

xxx

TBB

59

DEU

0'300

GN

0

DEU

0'300

GNS

DEU

0'300

UKN

DEU

0'300

OTB

46

0
217

Time spent

DEU

0'300

PTB

1

0

0.00

DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK

0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500

SPR
TBB
TBS
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTM
UKN
OTB
OTT
SDN
GN
GND
GNS
UKN
SDN
GN
GNS

6
189

2
71
0
0
30
906
0
2
2
0
1
1
0
2
4
1
1
0

0.00
0.11
1.00
0.00
0.25
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.59
1.00
0.00
0.94
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

0
2
735
0
3
7

24

0
1

63
1,021
0
2

25
962
1

1
3
1

1
0

0
12
1
0

7
0

1
2

Table 7.4

Effort of each fleet segment in the Frisian Front area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing (continued)
Effort (days at sea)

Country

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
FRA
FRA
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR

301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
0'300
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500

UKN
OTB
OTT
SSC
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
TBB
GN
UKN
TBB
UKN
OTB

36
38
7

32
11
0
2
2
0
0
0

17
1
1
3
1
1

4

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

11

GBR

301'1,500

SSC

GBR

301'1,500

TBB

GBR

>1,501

UKN

GBR

>1,501

OTT

GBR

>1,501

TBB

IRL

xxx

UKN

IRL

301'1,500

UKN

IRL

>1,501

UKN

LTU

xxx

UKN

0

0

NOR

xxx

UKN

5

1

NOR

>1,501

UKN

0

0

SWE

xxx

UKN

1

UKN

xxx

UKN

0

Time spent

2008 Average

fishing

2
0
25
0
9

0
13
2
1
16
4
15

28
17
3
2
2
0
0
0
0
1
4
4
1
14
1
8

0.00
0.80
0.99
0.75
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.99
0.00
0.86
0.00
0.99

13

8

11

0.98

2

1

1

0.40

280

427

197

302

0.34

0

0

0

0

0.00

0

1.00

35

33

0.48

1

0

0.00

0

0

0

0.00

0

1

0

0.00

0

0.00

1

2

0.00

0

0

0.00

0

0.00

0

0.00

3
0

0

0
1
8
1
0

1
20

42

0

0

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

83

Table 7.5

Landings of each fleet segment from the Frisian Front area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country

84

HP category Gear a)

2006

2007
5

2008

Average

BEL

0'300

OTB

4

BEL

0'300

TBB

0

3

BEL

301'1,500

UKN

3

2

1

2

BEL

301'1,500

OTB

0

0

0

0

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

2

2

1

2

DEU

xxx

GN

0

0

DEU

xxx

UKN

0

0

DEU

xxx

TBB

11

4

DEU

0'300

GN

0

0

DEU

0'300

GNS

0

0

DEU

0'300

UKN

DEU

0'300

OTB

11

28

23

DEU

0'300

PTB

0

DEU

0'300

SPR

1

DEU

0'300

TBB

31

DEU

0'300

TBS

DEU

301'1,500

UKN

0

DEU

301'1,500

OTB

0

12

4

5

DEU

301'1,500

TBB

164

242

264

223

DEU

>1,501

OTM

22

0

7

DNK

xxx

UKN

0

1

0

DNK

xxx

OTB

0

DNK

xxx

OTT

0

0

DNK

xxx

SDN

1

0

0

0

DNK

0'300

GN

DNK

0'300

GND

DNK

0'300

GNS

0

DNK

0'300

UKN

2

DNK

0'300

SDN

0

DNK

301'1,500

GN

DNK

301'1,500

GNS

0

DNK

301'1,500

UKN

8

30

0
0
0

4

0

12

0

0
0

0

0

0
0

0
0

1

0
1

0

0

0

0

0
0

6

4

6

Table 7.5

Landings of each fleet segment from the Frisian Front area
(*1,000 kg) (continued)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country

HP category Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

OTB

3

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7

2

0

1

DNK

301'1,500

DNK

301'1,500

OTT

DNK

301'1,500

SSC

GBR

xxx

UKN

GBR

xxx

TBB

0

GBR

0'300

GN

2

0

GBR

0'300

UKN

0

0

0

0

GBR

0'300

TBB

6

10

5

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

0

3

1

GBR

301'1,500

OTB

0

1

0

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

0

0

0

GBR

301'1,500

SSC

1

0

0

GBR

301'1,500

TBB

79

117

59

85

GBR

>1,501

UKN

0

3

0

1

GBR

>1,501

OTT

GBR

>1,501

TBB

IRL

xxx

UKN

IRL

301'1,500

UKN

Total

0
1

0

0

1

8

12

7

1

0

0

334

451

393

393

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

85

Table 7.6

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Frisian Front area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK

86

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500

OTB
TBB
UKN
OTB
TBB
GN
UKN
TBB
GN
GNS
UKN
OTB
PTB
SPR
TBB
TBS
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTM
UKN
OTB
OTT
SDN
GN
GND
GNS
UKN
SDN
GN
GNS
UKN
OTB

22
0
15
0
8

24
6
0
9
0
0
38

2008

4
0
3

0
3
26
0
3
116
0
0
683
40
2
1

0
132

136

14

0
0

36
995
0
2

13
1,041

1
1
0

0
0

0
13
0

7
0

0
0

0
37
15

29
5

16
0

Average
15
0
8
0
7
0
0
13
0
1
0
98
0
1
43
0
0
16
906
13
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
0
0
0
27
7

Table 7.6

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from
the Frisian Front area (* €1,000) (continued)
Value (* €1,000)

Country

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

DNK

301'1,500

OTT

0

0

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

SSC

1

1

1

DNK

>1,501

UKN

GBR

xxx

UKN

0

0

GBR

xxx

TBB

0

18

6

GBR

0'300

GN

4

0

1

GBR

0'300

UKN

0

GBR

0'300

TBB

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

GBR

301'1,500

OTB

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

GBR

301'1,500

SSC

GBR

301'1,500

TBB

GBR

>1,501

UKN

GBR

>1,501

OTT

GBR

>1,501

TBB

IRL

301'1,500

UKN

Total

0
0

1

0

24

33

19

0

6

2

0

1

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

227

495

188

303

0

7

0

3

4

38

36

26

1

0

1

1,859

1,505

1,528

0
2

0

1,221

0

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

87

7.3

Cleaver Bank
Table 7.7

Effort of each fleet segment in the Cleaver Bank area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
FRA
FRA
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR

88

HP category Gear a)
xxx
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
0'300
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500

UKN
OTB
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTB
PTB
TBB
UKN
OTB
PTB
TBB
OTM
UKN
SDN
GNS
SDN
UKN
OTB
OTT
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
FPO
GN
UKN
FPO
UKN

2006

20
19
43
1

2007
39
26
1
47
288
8

2008

Average

fishing

6

2
13
20
0
25
115
3
0
0
44
0
46
0
2
0
0
0
29
1
1
1
2
28
1
0
0
0
2
5
1
7

0.00
0.94
0.00
0.75
0.39
0.18
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.23
0.00
0.15
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

14
0
10
14
0

1
28
0
42
0
6

63

40

49

49
0

1
0

0
63
1
3
1
2
25
1
0
0
2
5
2
5

Time spent

11
1
1
1
2
35
0
0
1

0
13
0
0
1
3
24
0
0
0

2
1

2
10

5

9

Table 7.7

Effort of each fleet segment in the Cleaver Bank area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing (continued)
Effort (days at sea)

Country
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
IRL
NOR
NOR
NOR
SWE
UKN
XNE

HP category Gear a)
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
xxx
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
xxx

OTB
OTT
TBB
UKN
OTT
TBB
OTM
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN
UKN

Time spent

2006

2007

2008

Average

fishing

2

475
0

4
1
222
0
7
396

2
0
271
0
2
289
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

1.00
1.00
0.21
0.00
0.77
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

392
0
2

117

80

2
0
1

1

0
0

0

0

0

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 7.8

Landings of each fleet segment from the Cleaver Bank area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU

HP category

Gear a)

0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1.500
>1.501

OTB
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTB
PTB
TBB
UKN
OTB
PTB
TBB
OTM

2006
10
7
5
0

2007

2008

5
6
0
13
55
3

2
0
3
4
0

0
18
0
9
8

24

21

17

20
3

Average
2
6
0
8
21
1
0
0
21
0
15
4

89

Table 7.8

Landings of each fleet segment from the Cleaver Bank area
(*1,000 kg) (continued)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Coun&try
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
Total

HP category Gear a)
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
301'1,500
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501

UKN
SDN
GNS
SDN
UKN
OTB
OTT
UKN
UKN
UKN
FPO
GN
UKN
FPO
UKN
OTB
OTT
TBB
UKN
OTT
TBB

2006

2007

1

0
0

0
14
0
1

2
0
0
0
0

0
3
0
0

0
0
0
0
9
2

164
0
134
381

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

90

2008

0
0

0
2

3
0
0
94
2
1
162
388

6
0
56

34
155

Average
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
4
0
0
105
1
0
110
308

Table 7.9

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Cleaver Bank area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR

HP category Gear a)
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
301'1,500
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500

OTB
UKN
OTB
TBB
OTB
PTB
TBB
UKN
OTB
PTB
TBB
OTM
UKN
SDN
GNS
SDN
UKN
OTB
OTT
UKN
UKN
UKN
FPO
GN
UKN
FPO
UKN
OTB
OTT

2006
53
19
20
0

2007

2008

29
16
1
37
289
9

8
0
9
9
0

1
37
0
35
2
5

53

51

50

68
13

1
0

0
65
0
2

10
0
0
0
0

0
13
0
0

1
0
0
1
17
5

0
0

0
7

7
0
0

15
0

Average
10
26
0
22
106
3
0
0
47
0
51
5
2
0
0
0
29
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
6
9
0
0

91

Table 7.9

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Cleaver Bank area (* €1,000) (continued)
Value (* €1,000)

Country
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
Total

HP category

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501

TBB
UKN
OTT
TBB

509
0

249
6
3
431
1,190

154

304
2
1
309
934

404
1,175

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

92

92
438

7.4

Coastal zone
Table 7.10

Effort of each fleet segment in the Coastal zone area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Country

HP category

Gear a)

BEL

0'300

UKN

2006

BEL

0'300

OTB

BEL

0'300

BEL

0'300

BEL

301'1,500

BEL

301'1,500

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

Average

fishing

0

0

0.00

1

9

3

1.00

TBB

33

24

97

51

0.22

TBS

0

5

20

8

0.52

UKN

0

0

0

0.00

OTB

2

0

1

1.00

5

4

6

0.93

DEU

xxx

GN

DEU

xxx

UKN

DEU

xxx

DEU
DEU
DEU

0'300

GNS

1

DEU

0'300

UKN

DEU

0'300

DEU
DEU

8

2007

2008

Time spent

0

0

1.00

1

0

0

0.00

TBB

2

1

1

0.00

xxx

TBS

0

4

1

0.61

0'300

GN

1

1

1

1.00

1

1

1.00

11

31

27

23

0.00

OTB

5

23

3

10

0.97

0'300

SPR

1

0

0.00

0'300

TBB

9

12

0

7

0.96

DEU

0'300

TBS

2

6

3

4

0.50

DEU

301'1,500

UKN

3

12

7

7

0.00

DEU

301'1,500

OTB

2

4

3

3

1.00

DEU

301'1,500

PTB

0

0

0.00

DEU

301'1,500

SSC

0

0.00

DEU

301'1,500

TBB

24

0.95

DNK

xxx

GN

9

3

0.98

DNK

xxx

GNS

8

3

0.96

DNK

xxx

UKN

0

0.00

DNK

xxx

OTT

0

0

0.00

DNK

xxx

SDN

1

0

1.00

DNK

xxx

SSC

0

1.00

DNK

0'300

GN

4

0.94

0

0
25

1

26

0

21

1

0
1

9

1

93

Table 7.10

Effort of each fleet segment in the Coastal zone area (days at
sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing (continued)
Effort (days at sea)

Country
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
FRA
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
GBR
IRL
NOR
UKN

Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

fishing

0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
301'1,500
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
>1,501
>1,501
>1,501
xxx
xxx
xxx

GNS
GTR
UKN
OTB
SDN
TBB
GN
GNS
UKN
OTB
OTT
SSC
TBB
UKN
UKN
UKN
TBB
GN
UKN
TBB
UKN
OTB
OTT
SSC
TBB
UKN
OTT
TBB
UKN
UKN
UKN

20
0

15
0
0

2

0

1

2
0
34
3
3
1

3

12
0
0
0
1
0
2
1
42
1
3
2
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
2
1
2
2
0
49
0
0
10
0
0
22

0.94
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.74
1.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
0.91
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.94
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.97
0.00
1.00
0.90
0.00
0.00
0.00

0
1
0
1
17
1
5
3
0
1
0
0
0
1

1
1
1

46

1
3
1
2
3
0
67

14

0
8

0
46

0
3

1
2

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

94

Time spent

HP category

0

75
0
1
2
1
1
1
2
0
0
3
1
3
2
32
0
7
1
18

Table 7.11

Landings of each fleet segment from the Coastal zone area
(*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK

HP category

Gear a)

0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300

UKN
OTB
TBB
TBS
UKN
OTB
TBB
GN
UKN
TBB
TBS
GN
GNS
UKN
OTB
SPR
TBB
TBS
UKN
OTB
PTB
SSC
TBB
GN
GNS
UKN
OTT
SDN
SSC
GN
GNS
GTR
UKN

2006
0
5
0

0

0
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0

0

0
1
0

2007
0
0
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

2008

12
17
0
0
0

6
0

0
0
3
0
0
7
0

0
3
3
0

0
1
2
0

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0

0

0
0
0

Average
0
0
6
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

95

Table 7.11

Landings of each fleet segment from the Coastal zone area
(*1,000 kg) (continued)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country

HP category Gear a)

2006

2008

Average

0'300

OTB

0

DNK

0'300

SDN

0

DNK

0'300

TBB

0

DNK

301'1,500

GN

DNK

301'1,500

GNS

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

UKN

4

7

18

9

DNK

301'1,500

OTB

0

0

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

OTT

0

0

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

SSC

0

0

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

TBB

0

GBR

xxx

UKN

0

1

0

GBR

xxx

TBB

0

1

0

GBR

0'300

GN

0

GBR

0'300

UKN

0

GBR

0'300

TBB

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

GBR

301'1,500

OTB

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

GBR

301'1,500

SSC

GBR

301'1,500

TBB

GBR

>1,501

UKN

GBR

>1,501

OTT

GBR

>1,501

TBB

Total

0
0

0
0

0

0

1

1

0
0
0
0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0
1

0
1

1

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

17

32

64

38

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

96

2007

DNK

Table 7.12

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Coastal zone area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)

Coun&try
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
BEL
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DEU
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK
DNK

HP category Gear a)
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
301'1,500
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
0'300
0'300
0'300
0'300

UKN
OTB
TBB
TBS
UKN
OTB
TBB
GN
UKN
TBB
TBS
GN
GNS
UKN
OTB
SPR
TBB
TBS
UKN
OTB
PTB
SSC
TBB
GN
GNS
UKN
OTT
SDN
SSC
GN
GNS
GTR
UKN

2006
0
34
1

0

0
6
0
0
0
4
3
0
0
1

0

0
9
0

2007
0
0
8
12
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0

2008

79
52
0
0
0

20
1

0
1
7
0
0
21
0

0
10
11
0

0
4
7
0

0
0
4
6
0
0
0
0
12
22
0
0

1

0
0
0

Average
0
0
40
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
15
0
0
0
6
7
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
4
10
0
0

97

Table 7.12

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the
Coastal zone area (* €1,000) (continued)
Value (* €1,000)

Country

HP category Gear a)

2006

0'300

OTB

0

DNK

0'300

SDN

0

DNK

0'300

TBB

0

DNK

301'1,500

GN

DNK

301'1,500

GNS

0

0

DNK

301'1,500

UKN

18

DNK

301'1,500

OTB

DNK

301'1,500

OTT

DNK

301'1,500

DNK
GBR

2008

Average
0

0

0

4

4

3

31

71

40

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

SSC

0

0

0

0

301'1,500

TBB

2

xxx

UKN

0

1

1

GBR

xxx

TBB

0

3

1

GBR

0'300

GN

0

GBR

0'300

UKN

0

GBR

0'300

TBB

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

GBR

301'1,500

OTB

GBR

301'1,500

OTT

GBR

301'1,500

SSC

GBR

301'1,500

TBB

GBR

>1,501

UKN

GBR

>1,501

OTT

GBR

>1,501

TBB

Total

1
0
3

0
0
0

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

2

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0
3

0
2

3

1

0

0

0

3

1

0

1

85

149

258

164

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

98

2007

DNK

7.5

Vlakte van de Raan
Table 7.13

Effort of each fleet segment in the Vlakte van de Raan area
(days at sea) and the proportion of the time spent fishing
Effort (days at sea)

Coun&try

HP category Gear a)

2006

2007

BEL

xxx

UKN

BEL

0'300

UKN

24

BEL

0'300

TBB

20

35

BEL

0'300

TBS

82

126

BEL

301'1,500

UKN

0

1

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

DEU

xxx

GN

FRA

0'300

UKN

0

FRA

301'1,500

UKN

0

GBR

301'1,500

NOR
UKN

2008

Time spent
Average

fishing

1

0.00

32

0.00

27

27

0.14

171

127

0.40

0

0

0.00

0

0

1.00

0

1.00

2
27

45

0

0

0.00

0

0

0.00

UKN

0

0

0.00

xxx

UKN

0

0

0.00

xxx

UKN

0

0.00

0

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

Table 7.14

Landings of each fleet segment from the Vlakte van de Raan
area (*1,000 kg)
Landings (*1,000 kg)

Country

HP category Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

6

4

12

7

BEL

0'300

UKN

BEL

0'300

TBB

3

7

6

5

BEL

0'300

TBS

42

37

77

52

BEL

301'1,500

UKN

0

0

0

0

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

0

0

DEU

xxx

GN

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

Total

0

0

0
51

48

0
95

64

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

99

Table 7.15

Value of the landed catches of each fleet segment from the

Vlakte van de Raan area (* €1,000)
Value (* €1,000)
Country

HP category Gear a)

2006

2007

2008

Average

BEL

0'300

UKN

18

16

41

25

BEL

0'300

TBB

15

19

23

19

BEL

0'300

TBS

102

103

230

145

BEL

301'1,500

UKN

0

0

0

0

BEL

301'1,500

TBB

0

0

DEU

xxx

GN

GBR

301'1,500

UKN

Total

0
0
136

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

100

0

139

0
294

189

8
8.1

Discussion and conclusions
Discussion
The institution of Natura 2000 areas and management regimes in these areas
are sensitive issues in the fisheries sector. This report makes a contribution to
this discussion by providing economic data about the value of the catches in the
various areas. The analyses reveal that the areas to be designated are of
importance to the various fisheries. Table 8.1 lists the values of the catches of
the Dutch and non'Dutch fisheries in the various areas.
Table 8.1

List of the average value of the catches in the various areas
landed by the Dutch and non&Dutch fisheries (* €1,000)

Area

Dutch fisheries Non&Dutch fisheries

Total

Dogger Bank

649

2,664

3,313

Frisian Front

4,774

1,528

6,302

Cleaver Bank

1,281

934

2,215

Coastal zone

8,899

164

9,063

518

189

707

16,121

5,479

21,600

Vlakte van de Raan
Total

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

The value of the catches in the coastal zone is striking, namely €9 million.
The catches by the shrimp fisheries account for the majority of this value (€8
million), a value which accounts for 15% of the total value of the shrimp
fisheries' catches in the Netherlands (Taal et al., 2009). The Frisian Front is also
of importance to the Dutch sector: the total catch value amounts to almost €5
million. The total value of the fish caught in the areas under consideration
amounts to approximately €16 million and makes a contribution of €6.5 million
to the Dutch fisheries' gross value added (return on investments and labour).
The Dogger Bank is of particular importance to the non'Dutch fleets (including
cutters sailing under another flag) (€2.7 million), followed by the Frisian Front
(€1.5 million). However, the method used in this study has its limitations: these
are reviewed briefly below.
Firstly, the catch values determined in this study are historic values for the
2006'2008 period. This in turn implies that these values are in part determined

101

102

by the policy context during the period: a variety of measures (in particular, the
introduction of the days at sea regime) implemented in the years since 2000
have resulted in a shift of fishing efforts. Consequently, forecasts of the future
values of catches in these areas are greatly dependent on the European policy
context and this study does not provide an answer to the question of the
potential of these areas.
The methodology used in this study is largely comparable with the
methodology used in earlier studies of the value of the fisheries in specific areas
(Van Oostenbrugge et al., 2006; Van Oostenbrugge et al., 2009): however, this
analysis is the first for which a complete set of VMS data and logbook data were
available. This has greatly improved the expressiveness of the results. The data
available for the non'Dutch fleets is suboptimal: in view of the absence of
complete logbook data and the uncertainty about the coverage of the VMS data,
the results for these fisheries can be regarded solely as indicative.
The methodology used in this study is also undergoing rapid development. In
recent years a number of publications have appeared that clarify issues and
sub'issues such as methods for improved estimations of vessel trajectories
(such as Hintzen et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2010; Pedersen et al., 2009). LEI's
Dutch (IMARES), German and British colleagues, in particular, are carrying out
work on this methodology. Consequently, further harmonisation and
standardisation of the methods is required to ensure that the results are
comparable and can be integrated. New sources of data such as e'logbooks
and more precise location data may also offer an opportunity for the further
development of the distribution analyses.
Analyses of distribution data published in the available literature have given
very little attention (virtually none) to analyses of the uncertainty of the results.
However, in view of the large number of assumptions made during the
processing of the data (see Section 3), it is certainly necessary to quantify the
uncertainties to avoid giving the impression that the results from these studies
constitute the only truth. This report takes the first step in this quantification: as
such, this has already revealed that there are great differences in the reliability
of the estimates by area and fishery. However, a great deal of work still needs
to be carried out on the further development of this method.
The results from this study give rise to a logical question: do the estimated
values give an indication of the costs of the possible partial or full closure of
these areas? This question cannot be answered from these results. The costs
incurred on the partial or full closure of areas are not determined so much by
the value of the catches in the area but rather by the feasibility of relocating the
fisheries operations. This feasibility is greatly dependent on two linked factors:

1. the degree to which the individual entrepreneurs are dependent on
the relevant areas;
2. the availability of alternative fishing locations.
The degree of dependency on an area is determined by a large number of
factors (such as specialisation in a certain habitat/fish species, the proximity of
a port, personal preferences and tradition). Individual fishers who are greatly
dependent on specific areas will incur greater costs in the relocation of their
fishing activities since this involves greater changes to their operations. Fishers
who are less dependent on specific areas will need to make less fundamental
changes to their operations and will incur lower costs. Earlier studies revealed
that this dependency varied greatly between areas and fisheries (Van
Oostenbrugge, 2006).
The fisheries are increasingly confronted with the problem of the availability
of alternative locations. Consequently, this will need to be taken into account in
the determination of the costs of the relocation of fishing efforts: spatial claims
on areas in the North Sea have increased continually in recent years and are
reducing the area available for fishing. These claims are not restricted to the
Dutch section of the North Sea, but are also being made in the Danish, German
and British sections. For this reason an appropriate insight into the feasibility of
relocating operations on the closure of an area can be obtained only by
adopting an integral approach to the spatial planning activities for the North
Sea. The FIMPAS project offers an ideal opportunity for the further detailing of
this approach.

8.2

Conclusions
With respect to the research question of economic importance of the
designated areas, the following conclusions can be drawn from the results.
The link between the logbook data and VMS data can provide extremely
valuable information about the distribution of the efforts, the catches and their
value and create an opportunity for estimates of the value of specific areas to
the fisheries.
During this period, the value of the Dutch fisheries' catches in the
designated Natura 2000 areas was substantial (on average, €16 million per
annum in the 2006'2008 period), whereby the catches (shrimp) in the coastal
zone were of particular importance (on average, €8.9 million per annum in the
2006'2008 period).

103

The Dogger Bank was the most important fishing area for the non'Dutch
fisheries in the Dutch section of the continental shelf, with a total catch value of
an average of €2.6 million per annum in the 2006'2008 period.
The method for the estimation of the catches and the determination of the
estimation error used in this report lays the foundations for further
development.
The effects of management measures in the areas can be determined only
by mapping the dependencies of individual entrepreneurs on these areas and
the feasibility of the relocation of their operations. This needs to be reviewed
from an international perspective.

104

Literature
Bos, O.G., E.M. Dijkman and J. Cremer, Gegevens voor aanmelding van mariene

Habitatrichtlijngebieden: Doggersbank, Klaverbank, Noordzeekustzone, Vlakte
van de Raan. Report C081/08. IMARES, part of Wageningen UR, Texel, 2008.
Buisman, E., J.W. de Wilde, R. Grift and O. Jansen, Nadeelcompensatie
visserijsector bij infrastructurele ingrepen in kust' of zeegebied. Report to
the RIKZ. LEI, part of Wageningen UR, The Hague, 2002.
Densen, W.L.T. van, On the perception of time trends in resource outcome.
Its importance in fisheries co'management, agriculture and whaling. PhD thesis.
Twente University. 299 p., 2001.
IDON, Integraal Beheerplan Noordzee 2015. The Hague, 2005.
Hintzen, N.T., G.J. Piet and T. Brunel, 'Improved estimation of trawling tracks
using cubic Hermite spline interpolation of position registration data.'
In: Fisheries Research 101 (1'2): pp. 108'115, 2010.
Lee, J., A.B. South and S. Jennings, 'Developing reliable, repeatable, and
accessible methods to provide high'resolution estimates of fishing'effort
distributions from vessel monitoring system (VMS) data.' In: ICES Journal of
Marine Science 67: 2010 in press
Pedersen, S.A., H.O. Fock and A.F. Sell, 'Mapping fisheries in the German
exclusive economic zone with special reference to offshore Natura 2000'sites.'
In: Marine Policy 33: pp. 571'590, 2009.
South, A., J. Lee, C. Darby, N. Hintzen, E. LeBlonde, M. Laurans and N.
Campbell, Spatial and temporal analysis of VMS data to provide standardised
estimates of fishing effort in consultation with the fishing industry. Developing
standard European protocol for estimating fishing effort from VMS data. Report
from EU Lot7 workshop. Cefas Lowestoft 6'7 April, 2009.
Oostenbrugge, H. van, J. Powell, J. Smit, K. Taal, B. de Vos and K. Poppe,

Economische effecten van sluiting van het beoogde zeereservaat in de Voordelta
voor het viscluster. Report 1.06.02. LEI, part of Wageningen UR, The Hague,
2006.
105

Oostenbrugge, J.A.E. van, B.J. Keus and J.G.P. Smit, Economische effecten van
MZI's op de visserijsector. Report 2009'105. LEI, part of Wageningen UR,
The Hague, 2009.

106

Appendix 1
The VIRIS database1
All catches landed at Dutch auctions and all catches made by Dutch vessels
(and, consequently, excluding vessels sailing under another flag) since 1990 are
registered in the VIRIS database. The information in their logbooks2 is used to
make records of the dates on which each vessel leaves port and returns to port
at the beginning and end of a trip. Consequently, the number of days at sea is
known for each trip. In addition, a record is made of the type of fishing gear
used on each trip. The records of the vessels include specifications such as
their engine power and length. This data yields information about the fishing
efforts. The records include the total landing (kg) of each species per ICES
quadrant for each trip. An ICES quadrant is (at the Netherlands' latitude) a
square of 56 x 56 km (0.5 degree of latitude x 1 degree of longitude). Records
of catches made by non'Dutch vessels landing at Dutch auctions have been kept
since 1995, when a new version of VIRIS was introduced. Records of shrimp
catches have also been kept since 1995 (more'or'less memorandum accounts,
i.e. outside the control system). Records have been made of the landings of
virtually all species in VIRIS since 2000. As a result, VIRIS is not just a control
system but also a statistical system. No records are kept of catches made by
non'Dutch vessels in the Dutch coastal zone that are not landed in the
Netherlands. However, records are kept of catches that Dutch vessels land
outside the Netherlands. No information is available about discards of fish
caught in hauls.
Since the records specify solely catches by ICES quadrant the VIRIS dataset
has a low spatial resolution: for example, large areas of the quadrants used to
specify the catches in the coastal zone lie outside the 12 mile zone. Since the
records include information about individual vessels a distinction can be made
between euro cutters (capacity <300 HP) and large cutters (capacity >300 HP).
However, the VIRIS database does have a number of significant limitations:
' the databank was designed for control purposes. For this reason data that
are less important for control purposes ' such as catches by quadrant ' are
entered with less precision and, consequently, are less reliable;

1
2

The information about the VIRIS database is reproduced from Buisman et al. (2002).
The information about the VIRIS database is reproduced from Buisman et al. (2002).

107

'

108

for this same reason the majority of the records of shrimp catches do not
specify the ICES quadrant. As a result, the catch areas cannot be derived
from the data and data by fishing area in the coastal zone ' an important
fishing area for shrimp ' are largely lacking.

Appendix 2
Classification of fish species into market categories
and the associated conversion factors
Table B2.1

Classification of fish species into market categories and
the associated conversion factors

Species

Market category

Anchovy

sprat

Blue whiting

pelagic fish

Flounder

flounder

Conversion factor
1
1
1.01

Bream

freshwater fish

1

Dolphin

other seafish

1

Spiny dogfish

shark

1.33

East Atlantic red gurnard

red gurnard

1.24

Shrimp

shrimp

1.18

Garfish

garfish

1

Common octopus

other seafish

1

Grey gurnard

grey gurnard

1.24

Brill

brill

1.11

Shark

shark

1

Mullet

freshwater fish

1.01

Herring

herring

1.01

Hake

hake

1.17

Halibut

halibut

1.11

Horse mackerel

horse mackerel

1

Squid

other seafish

1

Cod

cod

Carp

freshwater fish

1

Norway pout

pelagic fish

1

Cockle

other seafish

Pollack

pollack

1.15

1
1.22

Lobster

other seafish

1

Langoustine

langoustine

1

Largehead hairtail

other seafish

1

Ling

ling

1.17

109

Table B2.1

Classification of fish species into market categories and
the associated conversion factors (continued)

Species

Market category

Mackerel

mackerel

Conversion factor
1

Mackerel

mackerel

Mullet

bass

1.01

North sea crab

other seafish

1.01

Other seafish

other seafish

Eel

freshwater fish

Weever

other seafish

1

Pollack

other seafish

1.22

Viviparous blenny

other seafish

1.01

Chromis

other seafish

1

Red gurnard

red gurnard

1.24

Ray

ray

1.14

Golden redfish

golden redfish

1.16

Table B2.2

1

1
1.04

Classification of fish species into market categories and
the associated conversion factors and price flexibilities

110

Species

Market category

Sardine

pelagic fish

Conversion factor
1

Sardine

pelagic fish

1

Sardine

pelagic fish

Dab

dab

1.13

Megrim

megrim

1.11

Razor clam

other seafish

1

Bivalves

other seafish

1

1

Bivalves

other seafish

Haddock

haddock

1.17

1

Plaice

plaice

1.05

Cuttlefish

other seafish

1

Pike

freshwater fish

1

Pike'perch

freshwater fish

1

Smelt

freshwater fish

1

Spisula

other seafish

1

Sprat

sprat

1

Table B2.2

Classification of fish species into market categories and the
associated conversion factors and price flexibilities
(continued)

Species

Market category

Scallop

other seafish

Conversion factor
1

Pout

pouting

1.3

Turbot

turbot

1.11

Tiger shark

shark

1

Sole

sole

1.04

Sole

sole

1.04

Lemon sole

lemon sole

1.11

Tuna

other seafish

1.1

Whiting

whiting

1.14

Witch

lemon sole

1.11

Whelk

other seafish

1

Salmon

other seafish

1.22

Sand lance

other seafish

Scaldfish

sole

1.04

Bass

bass

1.01

Sea bream

bass

1.01

Monkfish

monkfish

1

3

Sea bream

other seafish

1

Conger eel

other seafish

1.01

Seaweed

other seafish

1

Catfish

catfish

Silver smelt

pelagic fish

1.3
1

111

Appendix 3
Abbreviations for countries and fishing gear
Table B3.1

112

Abbreviations for fishing gear

Abbreviation

Name

DRB

Dedges (bivalves)

FPO

Pots

GN

Gill nets (not specified)

GND

Drift nets

GNS

Set gill nets (anchored)

GTR

Trammel nets

LH

Towed lines

LHM

Towed lines (mechanised)

LHP

Towed lines (hand operated)

LL

Longlines

MIS

Miscellaneous gear

UKN

Unknown

OTB

Bottom otter trawls

OTG

Other towed gears

OTM

Pelagic otter trawls

OTT

Otter twin trawls

PS

Purse seines

PTB

Bottom pair trawls

PTM

Pelagic pair trawls

SDN

Danish seines

SSC

Scottish seines

TBB

Beam trawls

TBS

Shrimp trawls

TGB

Unknown

Table B3.2

Abbreviations for countries

Abbreviation

Country

BEL

Belgium

DEU

Germany

DNK

Denmark

FRA

France

GBR

Great Britain

IRL

Ireland

LTU

Lithuania

NOR

Norway

POL

Poland

RUS

Russia

SWE

Sweden

UKN

unknown

XNE

No information

113

Appendix 4
Catches and effort by fishing gear
Figure B4.1

Distribution of the catch value of the shrimp fisheries in
the North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

114

Figure B4.2

Distribution of the effort of the shrimp fisheries in the
North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

115

Figure B4.3

Distribution of the catch value of the beam trawl fisheries in
the North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

116

Figure B4.4

Distribution of the effort of the beam trawl fisheries in
the North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

117

Figure B4.5

Distribution of the catch value of the otter twin trawl fisheries
in the North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five
designated Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

118

Figure B4.6

Distribution of the effort of the otter twin trawl fisheries in
the North Sea in 2008 and the position of the five designated
Natura 2000 areas

Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

119

Appendix 5
Estimated catches by species
Table B5.1

Estimated catches (x 1,000 kg) and catch values (* €1,000)
of the individual species by area
Catch
2006

2007

Catch value
2008

2006

2007

2008

Dogger Bank
grey gurnard

0.2

herring

9.3

horse mackerel

0.1

4.7

0.0
30.2

2.4

1.3

7.8

1.5

3.7

0.4

cod

3.5

mackerel

0.8

0.6

1.2

9.5

dab

29.1

11.6

35.0

21.4

9.9

26.9

plaice

2.9

132.7

84.0

433.3

307.7

167.7

825.0

lemon sole

1.8

1.5

17.9

7.5

5.4

58.1

whiting

0.2

3.7

0.3

4.4

Other

21.1

18.9

46.8

109.3

104.1

268.7

134.7

25.9

24.0

69.2

20.6

16.1

0.1

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.1

0.1

Frisian Front
flounder
grey gurnard
horse mackerel
cod

120

7.6

3.3

0.1

0.2

langoustine

132.3

45.5

74.0

843.1

269.5

405.2

mackerel

0.3

0.2

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.1

mullet

0.5

0.2

0.0

5.0

1.7

0.4

red gurnard

0.9

3.5

0.1

1.3

3.8

0.1

dab

160.1

149.2

86.4

115.2

123.1

69.2

plaice

601.0

486.7

508.4

1,115.2

936.3

870.4

turbot

60.9

95.2

51.0

583.0

844.9

510.7

sole

163.7

279.7

191.5

1,969.0

2,529.5

1,862.5

Other

92.2

134.5

82.7

328.7

457.6

363.9

Table B5.1

Estimated catches (x 1,000 kg) and catch values (* €1,000)
of the individual species by area (continued)
2006

Catch
2007

31.2

39.7

14.6
66.7

33.1
113.5

2008

2006

Catch value
2007

8.0

10.2

34.4
409.3

83.0
725.6

2008

Cleaver Bank
grey gurnard
herring
squid
cod
langoustine
mackerel
mullet
red gurnard
ray
dab
plaice
turbot
sole
whiting
whelk
Other

1.1

0.3
0.0
117.7
0.0
11.0
1.0
11.1
60.0

0.6
27.3
67.9
0.5
0.7
1.6

175.4

0.7
155.8

23.1
1.2
8.9
80.2

11.5
2.1
5.5
60.1

32.6
2,268.2
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.8
7.5
102.7
0.3
0.1
0.1
42.1
0.3
13.5

37.9
2,805.2
0.1
2.2
0.0

0.4

0.5
0.0
229.3
0.0
138.5
1.1
22.5
190.8

1.2
74.9
391.1
0.9
6.8
2.4

344.3

0.7
281.6

196.0
1.6
19.0
287.0

105.5
2.1
14.0
259.1

26.6
6,886.0
2.6
0.6
1.2
5.8
1.0
5.9
258.8
0.6
0.2
0.5
448.8
0.3
44.7

25.3
9,336.7
0.6
4.7
0.2

North Sea coastal zone
flounder
shrimp
horse
cod
mackerel
mullet
red gurnard
dab
Razor clam
plaice
spisula
turbot
sole
whiting
Other

37.1
2,989.8
0.7
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.1
11.7
112.8
0.9
0.1
59.3
0.1
20.7

0.0
20.4
173.1
1.0

30.2
7,097.1
1.7
0.4
0.9
0.7
0.3
8.0
234.5
1.8

0.1
93.5
1.2
22.4

1.1
701.6
0.1
88.3

0.0
15.2
506.2
1.7
1.2
885.1
0.9
69.1

121

Table B5.1

Estimated catches (x 1,000 kg) and catch values (* €1,000)
of the individual species by area (continued)
Catch

Catch value

2006

2007

2008

2006

2007

2008

flounder

11.3

16.3

26.1

9.2

13.5

17.6

shrimp

69.3

42.4

96.9

173.4

142.5

295.8

Vlakte van de Raan

herring

3.2

0.8

horse mackerel

80.2

35.3

cod

36.8

43.5

43.2

dab

6.8

23.6

36.8

Razor clam

6.8

0.3

plaice

1.9

2.2

sprat

0.1

0.1

sole

3.9

10.3

whiting
Other

10.3

5.7
27.6

0.0

0.0

8.8

16.6

a) Country and fishing gear codes are included in Annex 3.
Source: Logbook data, VMS data and price data processed by LEI.

122

76.9

102.3

98.3
24.7

6.2

21.8

12.3

1.3

4.1

4.5

0.1

0.1

48.7

98.0
0.0

0.0

25.5

18.6

48.7

10.7
263.2

LEI develops economic expertise for government bodies and industry in the field of food,
agriculture and the natural environment. By means of independent research, LEI offers its
customers a solid basis for socially and strategically justifiable policy choices.
LEI is part of Wageningen UR (University & Research centre), forming the Social Sciences
Group with the department of Social Sciences and Wageningen UR Centre for
Development Innovation.
More information: www.lei.wur.nl

LEI report 2010-067