upstage/dp-bench huggingface dataset:
content: text: consumption onsite or offsite. Food Service Establishments (FSE) refers to the business
engaged in the Food Service Industry. For purposes of the survey, the FSE is segmented
into:

content: text: · full-service restaurants, with full menu and waiting service;
· limited-service restaurants or quick service restaurants (QSR), with full menu but
pay-as-you-order such as fast food or turo-turo type8;
· cafes/bars/pop-ups (selected menu with few chairs and tables);
· kiosks and stalls (purely retail, to be consumed elsewhere); and
· catering or 100% home delivery.

content: text: Full-service restaurants, limited-service restaurants and cafes/bars/pop-ups may also
offer "to go" or"take away" services.

content: text: Red
Jollibee
Max's
Limited Cafes, bars Kiosks and
Full service catering
Service and Pop ups stalls

content: text: Figure 1. FSI Segmentation

content: text: b. Plastic. The Baseline Study looked into the extent of Plastic use of FSEs in Dasmarinas
City. Plastics are categorized by food grade.° The six food grades are 1) Polyethylene
Terephthalate: clear, tough plastic such as soft drinks, juice and water, (2) High Density
Polyethylene: white or colored plastic such as milk containers, (3) Polyvinyl Chloride:
hard rigid clear plastic such as cordial bottles; (4) Low Density Polyethylene: soft,
flexible such as squeezable bottles; 5) Polypropylene: hard but flexible plastics such as
microwave ware; takeaway containers, some yogurt or jam containers and hinged lunch
boxes, and (6) Polystyrene: rigid, brittle plastics such as small tubes and margarine or
butter container. See Figure 1. Plastic litter found in the rivers are of categories 1-6. There
are also other plastics that do not fall under food grade 1-6.

content: text: 8 Filipino word for restaurants where a menu of cooked or ready-to-eat food are on display and clients point to their choice of food and
pay as they take their food to their tables or ask for take-out packaging.
9 Food grade plastics refer to plastic containers, tools or other supplies made of plastics that are cleared to be used for food
preparation, handling, and service.

content: text: 18 Study on Plastics Use and Waste Management in the Food Service Industry
content: text: very much interested to know more about plastics as well as the plastics types that can
be reused or recycled. Almost all respondents (87.8%) are interested in approaches to
recycle plastics. 87% (20) are interested in improving waste management systems in
their LGUs.

content: text: d. Awareness of Plastics Ordinance. About 68% of respondents know that there is a city
ordinance on plastics, while 52% are aware of the provincial plastic ordinance. 9% do not
know of any ordinance and 17% do not know whether or not there is a plastic ordinance.
In the same way, only 70% knows of the implementation of an ordinance regulating or
prohibiting Single Use Plastics. 30% of the respondents are not aware of the ordinance.

content: text: 6.2 Waste Management

content: text: a. Waste Management Fee Collection. At the Barangay level, only 5 respondent
barangays - Sampaloc II, H-2, Salitran-ll, San Roque-Sta. Cristina II, and Salawag - collect
waste management fees.

content: text: b. Waste Management Budget. Majority of the respondents (44%) do not know the
budget allocation of their LGUS for waste management. 12% of respondents replied that
their LGUs have no allocation for waste management while 32% of respondents replied
that their budget allocation is below 5% of their LGU budget. Only 8% of respondents
replied that their budget allocation for waste management is between 10-20% if the LGU
budget. See Figure 20.

content: text: 44%
■ Below 5% of the LGU budget
■ 5% to below 10%
■ 10% to below 20%
12%
■ 20% and over
8% ■ No Allocation
32% ■ I don't know

content: text: Figure 20. Percentage of LGU Budget Allocated for Waste Management

content: text: c. Waste Collection and Segregation. For 70% of the respondents, wastes are collected
by the city government. 35% responded that barangays collect their wastes and still,

content: text: Study on Plastics Use and Waste Management in the Food Service Industry 49
content: text: The World Bank/PEMSEA Assessment of Policies and Regulations to Guide Country
Dialogue at National Level to Reduce Plastic Waste in the Philippines indicated:

content: text: "Despite these efforts, there seemed to be very limited information that shows the
effectiveness of the bans on reducing plastics and litter, or even diversion from
landfills in the country. For the majority of LGUs in the country, however, there
seemed to be no clear documentation and reporting of progress and updated
waste data possibly due to the difficulty and complexity of data generation and
assessment. Another possible constraint is that the scope of the LGU ordinances
vary and covered different kinds of SUPP, including the exemptions, which makes
integration of the various reports, if available, a challenge."

content: text: The World Bank/PEMSEA report also recommended that a baseline assessment be
conducted to obtain a better understanding which SUPP are the most prevalent and
problematic in the Philippines and to also identify the sources and extent and impacts of
mismanagement.

content: text: b. Extended producer responsibility (EPR). EPR schemes use a combination of regulatory
approaches to extend manufacturers' responsibility for single-use plastic products
throughout their life cycle, including to the end-of-life stage. These schemes are aimed
at decreasing the overall environmental impact from a product and its packaging.
The primary responsibility under EPR lies with the producer, who makes design and
marketing decisions. In most European countries, product manufacturers are charged
a fee for every piece of packaging they put onto the market based on the reusability or
recyclability of the packaging, supported by technical analysis. These fees are intended
to cover some or all of the costs of collection, sorting and recycling. Since the recycling
of plastic packaging costs more than it yields, companies will benefit from a more cost-
effective system of packaging.

content: text: c. Regulated Storage, Manufacture and Use of
plastics. India required its states to enforce existing
rules on the storage, manufacture, and use of some
single-use plastics in lieu of a nationwide ban.
Meanwhile, the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR) is yet to issue a list of
non-environmentally accepted products (NEAP) as
provided in Republic Act 9003 or the Ecological Solid
Waste Management Act, passed a decade ago. This
will include single use plastics in all product forms per
technical advice of the Department of Science and

content: text: Co Coc
ME
ME
RECYCLE
RECYCLE

content: text: Figure 27. Soft drinks can with
the message "Recycle Me"

content: text: 64 Study on Plastics Use and Waste Management in the Food Service Industry
content: text: Replace

content: text: l. Replace Plastics with Recyclable Materials. Plastics can be replaced by material
made from polypropylene, a material type that is 100% recyclable. However, recyclable
materials should have a forward linkage - link to a recycler who is willing to take on
the recyclables. Paper-based wrappers are another alternative for bagels and sandwich
papers. Containers and packaging can use plastics with a certain percentage of recycled
content and designed to be recyclable or reusable. Highly recyclable packaging is of
little benefit if it is not disposed of correctly. The success of a recyclable package is an
equal demand from recycling companies through improved recyclability of packaging
and investments in efficient recycling facilities and systems. This requires investment and
innovation since quality and availability are still often a stumbling block for companies
to use recycled plastic. The recyclability of plastic packaging can often be improved by:

content: text: · choosing a common type of plastic (such as PE, PP or PET);
· choosing a common color (white or transparent); and
· avoiding combinations of materials, such as plastic windows in cardboard
packaging. Watermarking technology is also being developed so that packaging
can be more easily recognized by sorters.

content: text: Trash

content: text: m. Waste Segregation and Segregated Bins. Shakey's Philippines implementation of
waste segregation and 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) in its corporate office is one good
testament of compliance to RA 9003. The country's premier pizza restaurant has installed
"Stop Before You Drop" trash bins for the implementation of company-wide proper
waste management. The bins are labeled to indicate the different types of waste to aid in
proper disposal and culture development of its employees. Waste collected are weighed
on a daily basis to aid in monitoring wastages and to map out more waste management
initiatives.56

content: text: n. In-store Sorting and Recycling Bins.
McDonalds has installed sorting and
recycling points in select restaurants in
its markets. It also improved its recycling
bin signage to make the recycling process
easier to understand. McDonald's Germany,
Austria, Czech Republic and Slovakia on the
other hand, collect customer waste to sort for
recycling. initiatives.57

content: text: You

content: text: Figure 32. In-store Sorting and Recycling Bins,
McDonalds

content: text: 56 https://www.shakeyspizza.ph/images/asm-2021/PIZZA_ASM_2020_Report.pdf
57 https://corporate.mcdonalds.com/corpmcd/our-purpose-and-impact/our-planet/packaging-and-waste.html

content: text: 76 Study on Plastics Use and Waste Management in the Food Service Industry
content: text: two meetings are related to the initial meeting of VNR and as particular human rights
focus.73

content: text: 180
160
160
Institutions
140
120
Participating
100
80
of 60
Number 43
40
18
20
9
4 2 1 1 1
1
0
Meeting Participation Frequency
■ 1x ■ 2x ■ 3x ■ 4x ■ 5x ■ 7x ■ 8x ■ 11x ■ 23x ■ 24x

content: text: Participation of Institutions in the VNR Meeting of
Diagram 2
Indonesia 2021.74

content: text: The distribution of participating institutions in VNR-related meetings are as follows:

content: text: 16 (7%) ■ Government
7 (3%)
57 (24%)
■ Other State Institutions
31 (13%)
■ Civil Society Organizations
■ Philanthropic Foundation
19 (8%)
20 (8%)
■ Educational Institution
■ Private and State-Owned
Companies
■ Other Institutions
90 (37%)

content: text: Distribution of Participating Institutions within VNR
Diagram 3
Meeting of Indonesia 2021.75

content: text: 74 Data is processed based on: ibid., 332-345.
75 Data is processed based on: Kementerian PPN / Bappenas, "Annexes Indonesia's VNR 2021" (n.
68), 332-345.
content: text: be used as a good opportunity to learn from each other and increase the capacity of
human rights institutions in various countries.94

content: text: What works in other countries, can be learned and developed according to the
situation in Indonesia. 95 Partnerships can be carried out formally through a
memorandum of understanding or with a partnerships agreement for potential
strategic partners.96

content: text: 3.2.6. SDGs Dissemination in Social Media

content: text: Information dissemination in the digital era is closely related to the use of social
media. Therefore, the dissemination of the SDGs through social media platforms
owned by the Komnas HAM needs to be optimized as a way to increase public
participation to be active as "agents" of the Komnas HAM in Indonesia. To be able to
achieve this, the community needs to first receive education about the SDGs to clearly
understand the focus of each goal and its derivatives. Once there is a fairly good
understanding at the level of the general public, especially those who interact with the
Komnas HAM's social media, an easier way to report SDGs related to human rights
violations can be formulated.

content: text: The Komnas HAM, for example, has used social media Instagram, Twitter, and
YouTube. There has been an increase in the frequency of Instagram social media
uploads from 2019-2020 from 111 uploads in 2019 to 198 uploads in 2020. The variety
of content uploaded by the Komnas HAM on Instagram is also increasingly diverse
with the following details:

content: text: 90
81
76
80
70
56
60
47
50
40
30
21
16
20
9
10 3
0 0
0
Events Information Celebration Infographics Videographic
Greetings
■ 2019 ■ 2020

content: text: Diagram 4 Distribution of @ komnas.ham Instagram Content (2019-2020)

content: text: If observed from the Komnas HAM's Instagram account within the 2019-2020
period, the SDGs have only been mentioned explicitly twice in the following contents:

content: text: 94 See also Komnas HAM, "The NHRI Practice and Experience in Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, and Palestine
in Supporting Sustainable Development Goals Achievements" (n. 93).
95 Ibid.
96 Ibid.
content: text: 35
31
30
25 23
20
15
10
5
2 2 2 2
1
0
0
Event Celebration Information Videograph
■ 2019 ■ 2020

content: text: Distribution of Komnas HAM's YouTube Content (2019-
Diagram 5
2020)

content: text: As of 1 December 2021, the Komnas HAM's YouTube channel has 2,290
subscribers with 185,676 total views. In the 2019-2020 period, content thatspecifically
discusses the SDGs explicitly cannot be found on the Komnas HAM's YouTube.
Nevertheless, on 15 December 2021, the Tanggap Rasa Podcast with the title of
"Podcast #EP32: SDGs dan Anak Muda" (Translation: "Podcast #EP32: SDGs and
Youth") has been broadcast and can increase the awareness and understanding of
the citizen on the SDGs, especially towards young generations.

content: text: Komnas HAM
SUBSCRIBE
2.29K subscribers
HOME VIDEOS PLAYLISTS COMMUNITY CHANNELS ABOUT
Uploads ▷ PLAY ALL
38:36 2:43:37 1:23:19 1:13:35 0:46
Podcast #EPS30 : Upaya Diskusi Paralel 7 Festival Paralel Event 1 Festival HAM Konferensi Pers Festival Menjemput Festival HAM
Merawat Warisan Ingatan HAM 2021 "Pelindungan.. 2021 HAM Tahun 2021 2021 Semarang
26 views · 2 days ago 180 views · Streamed 13 days ago 19 views · streamed 2 weeks ago 118 viewn · 2 weeks ago 60 views · 2 weeks. ago

content: text: Komnas HAM's YouTube channel as of 1 December
Figure 4
2021
content: text: In this content, DPN Argentina provides a brief explanation of the SDGs and
the 2030 Agenda action plans, and most importantly, their role in advancing the 2030
Agenda through the SDGs Monitoring and Evaluation Program with a focus on certain
thematic areas. These focuses allow DPN Argentina to investigate through monitoring
and preparing reports on the development of public policies and actions of
organizations responsible for compliance with the SDGs, as well as proposals, and
recommendations to strengthen related processes.

content: text: Furthermore, DPN Argentina also regularly uploads commemorations of
days related to the SDGs by also including the SDGs logo in each of these uploads.
Examples of such greetings are as follows:

content: text: Defensoria del Pueblo ···
@DPNArgentina
Dia Mundial de la #Salud
La cobertura sanitaria universal es el objetivo
primordial de la @opsoms. Para lograrlo es crucial que
todas las personas puedan tener la atencion que
necesitan, en el seno mismo de la comunidad.
Translate Tweet
7 de Abril
Dia Mundial de la Salud
7:00 PM · Apr 7, 2021 Buffer

content: text: DPN Argentina
Content: World Health
Figure 6
Day Celebration
(7 April 2021).98

content: text: 98 DPN Argentina, "Dia Mundial de la #Salud", accessed on 5 December 2021,https://twitter.com/D
PNArgentina/status/1379765916259483648.
content: text: Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore. In these three countries, per capita GDP
fell between 4 percent to 7 percent.3

content: text: Figure 1.2. Per capita GDP growth in 2020

content: text: 4.0%
2.5%
2.0%
2.0%
0.2%
0.0%
-2.0% -1.0%
-4.0% -3.1%
-3.8%
-4.4%
-6.0%
-6.4%
-8.0% -6.9%
-10.0%
-12.0% -10.7%
Indonesia
Cambodia
Philippines
Thailand
Myanmar
Malaysia
Singapore
Lao PDR
Viet Nam
Brunei Darussalam

content: text: Source: World Bank (2022a)

content: text: It is also noteworthy that in two of these major destination countries - Thailand
and Malaysia - the most-affected sectors were also ones heavily reliant
on migrant workers. In Thailand, affected sectors include manufacturing,
construction, agriculture, fishing, seafood processing, domestic work, and
hospitality (United Nations Thematic Working Group, 2019; ILO, 2020). In
Malaysia, migrant workers were, in 2019, especially prevalent in manufacturing
(705,000), construction (435,000), services (306,000), plantation (282,000),
agriculture (160,000), and domestic work (127,000) (Wahab, 2020a; Theng,
Noor and Khalidi, 2020).

content: text: The construction sector in Malaysia crashed in the second quarter of 2020
and did not experience growth again until the second quarter of 2021,
before suffering negative growth again the next quarter after a COVID-19
resurgence. Accommodation and dining establishments which includes many
tourism-related jobs, fared even worse. Furthermore, wholesale trade and
related activities in Malaysia have not recovered to pre-pandemic levels, even
after growing in the first two quarters of 2021. In Thailand, the construction
sector avoided a massive output decline similar to Malaysia's, although it did
decline in the first quarter of 2020. However, manufacturing, accommodation,
and wholesale trade in Thailand all suffered large contractions due to travel
restrictions, supply chain disruptions, and weak aggregate demand, and,
despite some recovery in the second quarter of 2021, remain well below pre-
pandemic levels (Table 1.1).

content: text: 3 The Philippine economy was hit hardest because of the length and severity of the movement restrictions
imposed in the country (Olanday and Rigby, 2020).

content: text: ASEAN Migration Outlook
content: text: 2020 and 2021, and, for approximately half of AMS, working hours lost were
higher in 2021 compared to 2020 (Figure 1.3). The disruptions in global supply
chains because of travel and transport restrictions hit some AMS particularly
hard because of supply needs from other countries.

content: text: Despite these tremendous job losses, many countries also experienced labour
shortages due to previously unprecedented demand for certain products,
such as rubber gloves in Malaysia and for fishery products in Thailand. The
return of migrant workers to their home countries contributed to significant
labour shortages (Lee and David, 2021; Sriring and Staporncharnchai, 2021).4
COVID-related movement restrictions caused many workers to withdraw
from the labour force (especially women) and labour force participation rates
declined in most countries.5 This was the case for Indonesia, Malaysia, the
Philippines, and Viet Nam (Figure 1.4). According to the ILO (2021c), female
employment in AMS in 2020 was 3.9 percent lower than the expected level,
which is markedly less than the 2.7 percent figure for male employment.6
The impact of the pandemic on employment is evident in lower labour force
participation, lower working hours, and higher unemployment rates in most
countries (Figure 1.5).

content: text: Figure 1.3. Decline in weekly working hours compared to 2019 (percent)

content: text: 18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam
Darussalam
2020 2021

content: text: Source: ILO (2022a)

content: text: 4 There are of course long-standing reasons for the labour shortages in these sectors, which accounts for
their high reliance for migrant workers, including poor working conditions, that is prone to abuse, and lack
of attractiveness for local workers (Looi, 2020; Ng, 2020; ILO, 2015).
5 McKinsey Global Institute (2020) estimates that at the beginning of the pandemic, women accounted for
more than half of total job losses from COVID-19 though they made up only two-fifths of the global labour
force. This is because they are overrepresented in sectors hardest hit by the pandemic: accommodation
and food services; retail and wholesale trade; and other services, such as arts, recreation, and public
administration.
6 This is equivalent to saying there is greater increase in unemployment or inactivity for women compared
to men. According to the report, one reason is the increase in unpaid care responsibilities for women as
schools closed (ILO, 2021c).

content: text: ASEAN Migration Outlook
content: text: Figure 1.6. Alien temporary work permits, Thailand

content: text: 140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
07/2020
03/2019
11/2020
03/2020
09/2020
11/2019
05/2020
09/2019
05/2019
07/2019
01/2019
01/2020
01/2022
11/2021
09/2021
03/2021
01/2021
07/2021
05/2021

content: text: Source: Department of Employment, Thailand (2022)

content: text: Figure 1.7. Non-citizen population in Malaysia (in thousands)

content: text: 3,500 3,230 3,288 3,323
3,140
2,907
3,000
2,693
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

content: text: Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia (2022). Figure for 2021 is an estimate.

content: text: Figure 1.8. Singapore foreign workforce stock (in thousands)

content: text: 1,450 1,427
1,393 1,386
1,400 1,368
1,350
1,300
1,250 1,232
1,200
1,200
1,150
1,100
1,050
2016 (Dec) 2017 (Dec) 2018 (Dec) 2019 (Dec) 2020 (Dec) 2021 (Dec)

content: text: Source: Compilation by Manpower Research & Statistics Department (Ministry of Manpower,
Singapore, 2022).

content: text: ASEAN Migration Outlook
content: text: decline in 2020 in absolute numbers and as a percentage of 2019 deployment
(Figure 1.9b).9

content: text: Figure 1.9b. Deployment of Overseas Foreign Workers by sex, new hires only
(in thousands)

content: text: 400 374
331 335
350 319
300
250
187
200
128
150
102 102
100
55
50 22
0
Male Female
■ 2016 ■ 2017 ■ 2018 ■ 2019 ■ 2020 (to September)

content: text: Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (2022)

content: text: 1.5. Migrant Workers More at Risk of COVID-19 Infection

content: text: COVID-19 infection among migrants appears to be higher than among
non-migrant groups (Hintermeier et al., 2020). Migrant workers are
disproportionately exposed to COVID-19 because of the nature of their
work and their living conditions. Many migrant workers performed essential
services, including jobs in healthcare, selected manufacturing, transportation,
logistics, construction, and maintenance, which continued during periods of
movement restrictions (OECD, ADBI and ILO, 2021). Many migrant workers
also have less access to personal protective equipment and testing and
treatment facilities (OECD, ADBI and ILO, 2021). The lack of access was
especially true for undocumented migrants.

content: text: Additionally, migrant workers employed in plantations far away from urban
centres had limited access to information and testing. High rates of infection
were also linked to overcrowded housing conditions, including shared facilities
and sleeping areas, which increase the risk of transmission (ASEAN MP, 2021).
Many workers in processing or assembly plants worked in conditions where
physical distancing was rarely observed.

content: text: In Malaysia, out of 2,188 positive cases recorded nationwide on 25 November
2020, 1,511 were foreign workers employed by Top Glove Corporation Bhd.,
one of the world's largest personal protective equipment (PPE) manufacturers
(The Straits Times, 2020; Ngui, 2020). Many other migrant workers were
employed as delivery agents, public transport drivers, or restaurant waiters,
and are in constant contact with the general public. Infection risk is also higher

content: text: 9 Keeping in mind that for 2020 the figures are only up to October of the year.

content: text: ASEAN Migration Outlook