Turbo (Turbinidae)

Turbo là một chi ốc biển lớn có mang và nắp, thuộc họ Turbinidae. Chúng cũng là chi điển hình của họ này.

Mô tả
Vỏ của các loài trong chi này ít nhiều có hình xoắn ốc, dày, khoảng 20–200&nbsp;mm. Loài Turbo đầu tiên được tìm thấy ở thời kỳ trước kỷ Phấn trắng, khoảng 100 triệu năm trước.

Phân loại
Theo Alf et al. chi Turbo được chia thành 16 phân chi gần. Số loài còn sống được biết đến trong chi Turbo là 66, cộng với 5 phân loài.

Các loài
Các loài trong chi này bao gồm

Turbo acutangulus Linnaeus, 1758 (taxon inquirendum)
Turbo albofasciatus Bozzetti, 1994
Turbo angelvaldesi Ortea & Espinosa, 1996
Turbo argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo artensis Montrouzier, 1860
Turbo bozzettiana Bozzetti, 2011
Turbo bruneus (Röding, 1798)
Turbo cailletii P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856
Turbo canaliculatus Hermann, 1781
Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
† Turbo chevalieri Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971
Turbo chrysostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo cidaris Gmelin, 1791
Turbo cornutus Lightfoot, 1786
Turbo crassus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo debesi Kreipl & Alf, 2000
† Turbo embergeri Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971
Turbo euthymi Jousseaume, 1881
Turbo excellens G. W. Sowerby III, 1914
Turbo exquisitus Angas, 1877
† Turbo fakaauensis Tröndlé & Letourneux, 2012
† Turbo faurei Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971
† Turbo fittoni Basterot, 1825
Turbo fluctuosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo funiculosus Kiener, 1848
Turbo gemmatus Reeve, 1848
† Turbo grangensis Pritchard, 1909
† Turbo granulosus (Grateloup, 1827)
Turbo gruneri Philippi, 1846
Turbo haraldi Robertson, 1957
Turbo haynesi (Preston, 1914)
Turbo heisei Prado, 1999
Turbo heterocheilus Pilsbry, 1888
Turbo histrio Reeve, 1848
† Turbo histrioides Kase, Tomida, Inoue & Kadota, 2020
Turbo hosodai Tomida & Kadota, 2014
Turbo imperialis Gmelin, 1791
Turbo intercostalis Menke, 1846
† Turbo ishidai Tomida, Sano & Kase, 2021
† Turbo izuensis Kase, Tomida, Inoue & Kadota, 2020
Turbo japonicus Reeve, 1848
Turbo jonathani Dekker, Moolenbeck & Dance, 1992
Turbo jourdani Kiener, 1839
Turbo kenwilliamsi Williams, 2008
Turbo laetus Philippi, 1849
Turbo lajonkairii (Deshayes, 1839)
Turbo laminiferus Reeve, 1848
† Turbo lesperonensis Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971
Turbo lorenzi Alf & Kreipl, 2015
† Turbo maderensis Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971
Turbo magnificus Jonas, 1844
Turbo marisrubri Kreipl & Alf, 2001
Turbo markusrufi Kreipl & Alf, 2003
Turbo marmoratus Linnaeus, 1758
† Turbo matsuzakiensis Tomida & Kadota, 2012
Turbo mazatlanicus Pilsbry & H. N. Lowe, 1932
† Turbo mekamiensis Nishiwada, 1894
Turbo militaris Reeve, 1848
† Turbo minoensis Itoigawa, 1960
Turbo moluccensis Philippi, 1846
Turbo moolenbeeki Dekkers & Dekker, 2016
† Turbo moorei Hayward, 1981
† Turbo multicarinatus Grateloup, 1832
† Turbo neuvillei Cossmann & Peyrot, 1917
† Turbo oryctus (Suter, 1917)
† Turbo ozawai Otsuka, 1938 †
†Turbo parvuloides Nomura, 1940
Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo reevii Philippi, 1847
Turbo sandwicensis (Pease, 1861)
† Turbo sanoi Tomida & Kadota, 2012
Turbo sarmaticus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo saxosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo sazae Fukuda, 2017
Turbo scitulus (Dall, 1919)
Turbo setosus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo smithi G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
Turbo sparverius Gmelin, 1791
Turbo squamiger Reeve, 1843
Turbo stenogyrus P. Fischer, 1873
† Turbo subsetosus d'Orbigny, 1852
† Turbo tenisoni Finlay, 1927
Turbo ticaonicus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo bruneus (Röding, 1798)
Turbo tuberculosus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
Turbo tursicus (Reeve, 1843)
Turbo walteri Kreipl & Dekker, 2009
† Turbo yoshiharuyabei Tomida & Kadota, 2012

Đồng nghĩa
Các loài sau đây được đưa vào danh pháp đồng nghĩa:


Turbo aculeatus Allan, 1818: syn. Epitonium muricatum (Risso, 1826)
Turbo acutus Donovan, 1804: syn. Turbonilla acuta (Donovan, 1804)
Turbo aegyptius Gmelin, 1791: syn. Rubritrochus declivis (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
Turbo aereus Adams J., 1797: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo aethiops Gmelin, 1791: syn. Diloma aethiops (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo agonistes Dall & Ochsner, 1928: syn. Turbo scitulus (Dall, 1919)
Turbo albidus Kanmacher, 1798: syn. Graphis albida (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo albocinctus Link, 1807: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo albulus Fabricius O., 1780: syn. Menestho albula (Fabricius, 1780)
Turbo albus Adams J., 1797: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo amabilis Ozaki, 1954: syn. Bolma guttata (A. Adams, 1863)
Turbo amussitatus Gould, 1861: syn. Homalopoma amussitatum (Gould, 1861)
Turbo anguis Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella undulata (Lightfoot, 1786)
Turbo angulatus Eichwald, 1829: syn. Gibbula adriatica (Philippi, 1844)
Turbo anomala Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo cidaris cidaris Gmelin, 1791
Turbo archimedis Dillwyn, 1817: syn. Turritella terebra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo argentata Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo argenteus Anton, 1839: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo armatus Dillwyn, 1817: syn. Bolma rugosa (Linnaeus, 1767)
Turbo arsinoensis Issel, 1869: syn. Collonista arsinoensis (Issel, 1869)
Turbo aruginosa Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo ascaris Turton, 1819: syn. Aclis ascaris (Turton, 1819)
Turbo assimilis Kiener, 1847: syn. Turbo fluctuosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo asteriola Dall, 1925: syn. Bolma bartschi Dall, 1913
Turbo aurantius Kiener, 1847: syn. Turbo smithi G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
Turbo auriscalpium Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Rissoa auriscalpium (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo ayersi Olsson, 1967: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo bicarinatus Woodward, 1833: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo bicarinatus G. B. Sowerby I, 1825: syn. Trichotropis bicarinata (Sowerby I, 1825)
Turbo boswellae Barnard, 1969: syn. Cantrainea boswellae (Barnard, 1969)
Turbo breviculus Philippi, 1847: syn. Littorina brevicula (Philippi, 1844)
Turbo briareus Dall, 1881: syn. Arene briareus (Dall, 1881)
Turbo brunneus Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo bruneus (Röding, 1798)
Turbo bryereus Montagu, 1803: syn. Schwartziella bryerea (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo caerulescens Lamarck, 1822: syn. Melarhaphe neritoides (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo calathiscus Montagu, 1808: syn. Alvania cimex (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo calcar Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Astralium calcar (Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo canaliculatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo canalis Montagu, 1803: syn. Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo cancellatus da Costa, 1778: syn. Alvania cancellata (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo carduus P. Fischer, 1873: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus f. carduus P. Fischer, 1873 accepted as Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758 (original rank)
Turbo carinatus Woodward, 1833: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo carinatus da Costa, 1778: syn. Alvania carinata (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo carinatus Cantraine, 1835: syn. Cantrainea peloritana (Cantraine, 1835)
Turbo cernicus G. B. Sowerby III, 1896: syn. Turbo japonicus Reeve, 1848
Turbo carneus Lowe, 1825: syn. Margarites groenlandicus (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo chemnitzianus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo chinensis Ozawa & Tomida, 1995: syn. Turbo cornutus [Lightfoot], 1786
Turbo cimex Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Alvania cimex (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo cinereus Born, 1778: syn. Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778)
Turbo cinereus Couthouy, 1838: syn. Margarites costalis (Gould, 1841)
Turbo cingillus Montagu, 1803: syn. Cingula trifasciata (J. Adams, 1800)
Turbo cingulata Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo circularis Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo gruneri Philippi, 1846
Turbo classicarius J.E. Gray, 1850: syn. Turbo sarmaticus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo clathratulus J. Adams, 1798: syn. Epitonium clathratulum (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo clathratulus Kanmacher, 1798: syn. Epitonium clathratulum (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo clathrus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Epitonium clathrus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo coccineus Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1816: syn. Homalopoma sanguineum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo cochlus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo marmoratus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo confragosus Gould, 1851: syn. Astralium confragosum (Gould, 1851)
Turbo conoideus Brocchi, 1814: syn. Megastomia conoidea (Brocchi, 1814)
Turbo coreensis Recluz, 1853: syn. Turbo granulatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo coronatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo costatus Adams J., 1797: syn. Manzonia crassa (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo crassior Montagu, 1803: syn. Lacuna crassior (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo crassus Kanmacher, 1798: syn. Manzonia crassa (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo cremensis Andrzeiewsky, 1832: syn. Gibbula adriatica (Philippi, 1844)
Turbo crenatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Opalia crenata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo creniferus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo crenulatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo davidis Röding, 1798 : syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo declivis Forskål, 1775: syn. Rubritrochus declivis (Forskål, 1775)
Turbo decussatus Montagu, 1803 : syn. Parthenina decussata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo delphinus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Angaria delphinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo depressum Carpenter, 1856: syn. Turbo funiculosus Kiener, 1848
Turbo diminutus Link, 1807 : syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo dinegrata Rôding, 1798: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo discors Allan, 1818 : syn. Alvania discors (Allan, 1818)
Turbo discrepans Allan, 1818 : syn. Alvania discors (Allan, 1818)
Turbo distortus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Angaria delphinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo divisus Adams J., 1797 : syn. Ondina divisa (J. Adams, 1797)
Turbo duplicatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo echinatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo chrysostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo elegantissimus Montagu, 1803: syn. Turbonilla lactea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo elevatus Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852: syn. Prisogaster elevatus (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852)
Turbo elongatus Woodward, 1833: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo euthymi Jousseaume, 1881: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo exoletus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella exoleta (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo expansus Brown in J. Smith, 1839: syn. Littorina fabalis (Turton, 1825)
Turbo fabalis Turton, 1825: syn. Littorina fabalis (Turton, 1825)
Turbo fasciata Renieri MS, Brocchi, 1814: syn. Eulima glabra (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo fasciatus Renieri, 1804: syn. Eulima glabra (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo ferrugineus Anton, 1839: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo filifer Deshayes, 1863: syn. Leptothyra filifer (Deshayes, 1863)
Turbo filosus W. Wood, 1828: syn. Turbo cailletii P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856
Turbo flammeus Salis Marschlins, 1793: syn. Tricolia pullus pullus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo fluctuatus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo fluctuosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo fokkesi Jonas, 1843: syn. Turbo fluctuosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo foliaceus Rousseau, 1854: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo folicaeus Philippi, 1847: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo fortispiralis Kreipl & Alf, 2003: syn. Turbo smithi G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
Turbo grandineus Valenciennes, 1846 : syn. Calliostoma punctulatum (Martyn, 1784)
Turbo granoliratus G.B. Sowerby III, 1908: syn. Turbo moluccensis Philippi, 1846
Turbo granosus (Martyn, 1784): syn. Modelia granosa (Martyn, 1784)
Turbo granulata (Röding, 1798): syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo granulatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella granulata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo granulosus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo granulatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo graphicus Brown, 1818 : syn. Cingula trifasciata (J. Adams, 1800)
Turbo groenlandicus Röding, 1798 : syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo helicinus Phipps, 1774: syn. Margarites helicinus (Phipps, 1774)
Turbo helicoides Gmelin, 1791: syn. Separatista helicoides (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo hemprichii Troschel, 1849: syn. Lunella coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo henicus Watson, 1885: syn. Bolma henica (Watson, 1885)
Turbo heteroclitus Kiener, 1847: syn. Turbo torquatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo hippocastanum Lamarck, 1822: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo humerosa Smith, 1901: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo imbricatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella imbricata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo incarnatus Couthouy, 1838: syn. Margarites groenlandicus (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo indistinctus Montagu, 1808: syn. Parthenina indistincta (Montagu, 1808)
Turbo indutus Watson, 1879: syn. Homalopoma indutum (Watson, 1879)
Turbo insculptus Montagu, 1808: syn. Ondina divisa (J. Adams, 1797)
Turbo interruptus Adams J., 1800: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo interstinctus J. Adams, 1797: syn. Chrysallida interstincta (J. Adams, 1797)
Turbo irroratus Say, 1822: syn. Littoraria irrorata (Say, 1822)
Turbo japonicus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo cornutus Lightfoot, 1786
Turbo jugosus Montagu, 1803: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo jungi Lai, 2006: syn. Lunella jungi (Lai, 2006)
Turbo labiatus Brown, 1827: syn. Littorina arcana Hannaford-Ellis, 1978
Turbo lacteus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turbonilla lactea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo lacteus Donovan, 1804: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo laetus Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863: syn. Collonia granulosa Pease, 1868
Turbo laevis Pennant, 1777: syn. Melanella alba (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo lamellosus Philippi, 1846: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo lamellosus Broderip, 1831: syn. Lunella torquata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo lapidifera Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo lehmanni Menke, 1843: syn. Notogibbula lehmanni (Menke, 1843)
Turbo litoreus [sic]: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo lucullanus Scacchi, 1833: syn. Fossarus ambiguus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo ludus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella undulata (Lightfoot, 1786)
Turbo lugubris Reeve, 1848: syn. Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778)
Turbo lugubris Kiener, 1847: syn. Lunella ogasawarana Nakano, Takashashi & Ozawa, 2007
Turbo macandrewii Mörch, 1868: syn. Anadema macandrewii (Mörch, 1868)
Turbo mammillatus Donovan, E., 1804: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo maoa Curtiss, 1938: syn. Turbo setosus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo martinii W. Wood, 1828: syn. Amaea martinii (W. Wood, 1828)
Turbo membranaceus Adams J., 1800: syn. Rissoa membranacea (J. Adams, 1800)
Turbo menkei Thiele, 1930: syn. Turbo haynesi (Preston, 1914)
Turbo mespilus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo imperialis Gmelin, 1791
Turbo minimus W. Wood, 1828: syn. Echinolittorina mespillum (Mühlfeld, 1824)
Turbo minutus Michaud, 1828: syn. Clathrella clathrata (Philippi, 1844)
Turbo mitzschii Anton, 1838: syn. Turbo saxosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo modestus Philippi, 1847: syn. Lunella coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo moltkianus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo moniliformis (Röding, 1798): syn. Lunella moniliformis Röding, 1798
Turbo monilis Turton, 1819: syn. Alvania carinata (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo muricatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Cenchritis muricatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo muricatus Nowell-Usticke, 1959: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo murreus Reeve, 1848: syn. Isanda murrea (Reeve, 1848)
Turbo naninus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864: syn. Leptothyra nanina (Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864)
Turbo natalensis Krauss, 1848: syn. Turbo cidaris natalensis (Krauss, 1848)
Turbo nautileus Linnaeus, 1767: syn. Gyraulus crista (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo nebulosus Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775: syn. Monodonta nebulosa (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
Turbo necnivosus Iredale, 1929: syn. Turbo smithi G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
Turbo neritiformis Brown, 1827: syn. Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo neritoides Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Melarhaphe neritoides (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo nicobaricus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Chrysostoma paradoxum (Born, 1778)
Turbo niger W. Wood, 1828: syn. Prisogaster niger (W. Wood, 1828)
Turbo nigerrimus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Diloma nigerrima (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo nitidissimus Montagu, 1803: syn. Ebala nitidissima (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo nitzschii Anton, 1839: syn. Turbo saxosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo nivosa Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo tuberculosus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
Turbo nivosus Montagu, 1803: syn. Chrysallida nivosa (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo obligatus Say, 1822: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo obscura Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo obscurus Couthouy, 1838: syn. Solariella obscura (Couthouy, 1838)
Turbo obsoletus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turritella exoleta (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo obtusatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo olearius Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turbo marmoratus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo olivaceus Brown, 1827: syn. Margarites olivaceus (Brown, 1827)
Turbo ovalis da Costa, 1778: syn. Acteon tornatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo palliatus Say, 1822: syn. Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo pallidus Donovan, 1804: syn. Lacuna crassior (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo pallidus Perry, G., 1811: syn. Turbo argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo papyraceus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Pseudostomatella papyracea (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo parvulus Philippi, 1849: syn. Turbo smithi G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
Turbo parvus da Costa, 1778: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo peloritanus Cantraine, 1835: syn. Cantrainea peloritana (Cantraine, 1835)
Turbo perdix Wood, 1828: syn. Phasianella ventricosa Swainson, 1822
Turbo permundus Iredale, 1929: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo pethiolatus Swainson, 1840: syn. Turbo sarmaticus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo phasianellus Deshayes, 1863: syn. Calliotrochus marmoreus (Pease, 1861)
Turbo picta Röding, 1798: syn. Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778)
Turbo pictus da Costa, 1778: syn. Tricolia pullus picta (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo pileolum Reeve, 1842: syn. Astralium pileolum (Reeve, 1842)
Turbo planorbis Fabricius O., 1780: syn. Skeneopsis planorbis (O. Fabricius, 1780)
Turbo plicatus Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824: syn. Manzonia crassa (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo plicatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Odostomia plicata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo politus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Melanella polita (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo ponsonbyi Sowerby III, 1897: syn. Bothropoma ponsonbyi (Sowerby, 1897)
Turbo porcatus Reeve, 1848: syn. Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778)
Turbo porphyrites Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778)
Turbo porphyrites [sic, porphyria]: syn. Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo princeps Philippi, 1846: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo psittacinus Philippi, 1846: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo pulcher (Rehder, 1943): syn. Turbo haraldi Robertson, 1957
Turbo pulcher Reeve, 1842: syn. Turbo kenwilliamsi Williams, 2008
Turbo pulcherrimus Noodt, 1819: syn. Calliostoma (Maurea) punctulatum (Martyn, 1784) represented as Calliostoma punctulatum (Martyn, 1784)
Turbo pullus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Tricolia pullus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo pumiceus Brocchi, 1814: syn. Cirsotrema cochlea (G. B. Sowerby II, 1844)
Turbo punctatus Kanmacher, 1798: syn. Marshallora adversa (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo punctatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Echinolittorina punctata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo punctura Montagu, 1803: syn. Alvania punctura (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo purpureus Risso, 1826: syn. Clanculus cruciatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo pustulata Reeve, 1843: syn. Turbo squamiger Reeve, 1843
Turbo pustulatus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo squamiger Reeve, 1843
Turbo puteolus Turton, 1819: syn. Lacuna parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo pyropus Reeve, 1848: syn. Yaronia pyropus (Reeve, 1848)
Turbo quadricarinatus Brocchi, 1814: syn. Mathilda quadricarinata (Brocchi, 1814)
Turbo quadrifasciatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo radiatus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo intercostalis Menke, 1846
Turbo radina Webster, 1905: syn. Turbo smaragdus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo replicatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo reticulatus J. Adams, 1797: syn. Alvania beanii (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844)
Turbo reticulatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Alvania beanii (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844)
Turbo reticulatus Donovan, 1804: syn. Marshallora adversa (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo retusus Lamarck, 1822: syn. Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo rissoanus Delle Chiaje, 1828: syn. Rissoa variabilis (Von Mühlfeldt, 1824)
Turbo ruber J. Adams, 1797: syn. Barleeia unifasciata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo rubicundus Chemnitz: syn. Turbo granosus (Martyn, 1784)
Turbo rudis Maton, 1797: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo rudissimus Johnston, 1842: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo rugosus Linnaeus, 1767: syn. Bolma rugosa (Linnaeus, 1767)
Turbo rugosus Brown, 1818: syn. Tornus subcarinatus (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo sangarensis Schrenck, 1861: syn. Homalopoma sangarense (Schrenck, 1861)
Turbo sanguineus de Folin, 1868: syn. Collonista purpurata (Deshayes, 1863)
Turbo sanguineus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Homalopoma sanguineum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo saxatilis Olivi, 1792: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo scabrosus Preston, 1914: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo scalaris Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Epitonium scalare (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo semicostatus Pease, 1861: syn. Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo semicostatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo semilugubris Deshayes, 1863: syn. Vaceuchelus semilugubris (Deshayes, 1863)
Turbo semistriatus Montagu, 1808: syn. Crisilla semistriata (Montagu, 1808)
Turbo separatista Dillwyn, 1817: syn. Separatista helicoides (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo seruiensis Smits & Moolenbeek, 1995: syn. Turbo moluccensis Philippi, 1846
Turbo shandi Hutton, 1873: syn. Turbo granosus (Martyn, 1784)
Turbo shepeianus J. Adams, 1798: syn. Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo shepeianus Kanmacher, 1798: syn. Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo siamea Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo cornutus Lightfoot, 1786
Turbo siculus Brugnone, 1850: syn. Echinolittorina punctata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo smaragdus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella smaragdus (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo somnueki Patamakanthin, 2001: syn. Turbo tursicus (Reeve, 1843)
Turbo speciosus Mühlfeld, 1824: syn. Tricolia speciosa (Mühlfeld, 1824)
Turbo speciosus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo argyrostomus perspeciosus (Iredale, 1929)
Turbo spenglerianus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo canaliculatus Hermann, 1781
Turbo spinosus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo spiralis Montagu, 1803: syn. Chrysallida pellucida (Dillwyn, 1817)
Turbo splendidulus G.B. Sowerby III, 1886: syn. Turbo laetus Philippi, 1849
Turbo squamosa Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo bruneus (Röding, 1798)
Turbo squamosus J.E. Gray, 1847: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo stamineus Martyn, 1784: syn. Turbo torquatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo stellaris Gmelin, 1791: syn. Astralium stellare (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo striatulus da Costa, 1778: syn. Alvania carinata (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo striatulus Montagu, 1803: syn. Alvania carinata (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo striatulus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turbonilla striatula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo striatus J. Adams, 1797: syn. Onoba semicostata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo subcastaneus Pilsbry, 1888: syn. Turbo squamiger Reeve, 1843
Turbo subluteus Adams J., 1797: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo subtruncatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Truncatella subcylindrica (Linnaeus, 1767)
Turbo subulatus Donovan, 1804: syn. Eulima glabra (da Costa, 1778)
Turbo subumbilicatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Peringia ulvae (Pennant, 1777)
Turbo sulcatus Woodward, 1833: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo sulcatus Leach, 1852: syn. Littorina compressa Jeffreys, 1865
Turbo taeniatus G.B. Sowerby I, 1825: syn. Photinastoma taeniatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
Turbo tautiranus Curtiss, 1938: syn. Littoraria coccinea (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo taylorianus E.A. Smith, 1880: syn. Bolma tayloriana (E. A. Smith, 1880)
Turbo tenebrosus Montagu, 1803: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo terebellum Dillwyn, 1817: syn. Niso terebellum (Dillwyn, 1817)
Turbo terebra Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella terebra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo tessellatus Kiener, 1848: syn. Turbo fluctuosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo torcularis Born, 1778: syn. Turritella exoleta (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo torquatus Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella torquata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo tricarinulatus Euthyme, 1885: syn. Turbo cidaris cidaris Gmelin, 1791
Turbo tricolor Risso, 1826: syn. Melarhaphe neritoides (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo tricostatus Hutton, 1884: syn. Lunella smaragdus (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo trifasciatus J. Adams, 1800: syn. Cingula cingillus (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo trochiformis Born, 1778: syn. Trochita trochiformis (Born, 1778)
Turbo trochoides Reeve, 1848: syn. Lunella coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo truncatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Truncatella subcylindrica (Linnaeus, 1767)
Turbo tuberculata Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo squamiger Reeve, 1843
Turbo tuberculatus W. Wood, 1828: syn. Tectarius antonii (Philippi, 1846)
Turbo tuberculatus Kiener, 1847: syn. Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo tumidulus Reeve, 1848: syn. Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo turbinopsis Lamarck, 1822: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo turriformis Preston, 1914: syn. Turbo lamniferus Reeve, 1848
Turbo turtonis Turton, 1819: syn. Epitonium turtonis (Turton, 1819)
Turbo ulvae Pennant, 1777: syn. Peringia ulvae (Pennant, 1777)
Turbo undulata Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo marmoratus Linnaeus, 1758
Turbo undulatus Lightfoot, 1786: syn. Lunella undulata (Lightfoot, 1786)
Turbo ungulinus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella ungulina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo unicus Montagu, 1803: syn. Graphis albida (Kanmacher, 1798)
Turbo unidentatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Odostomia unidentata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo unifasciatus Montagu, 1803: syn. Barleeia unifasciata (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo ustulatus Lamarck, 1822: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo variegatus Linnaeus, 1758: syn. Turritella variegata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo venezuelensis Weisbord, 1962: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo ventricosus Woodward, 1833: syn. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Turbo ventrosus Montagu, 1803: syn. Ecrobia ventrosa (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo venustus Philippi, 1845: syn. Turbo saxosus W. Wood, 1828
Turbo verconis Iredale, 1937: syn. Turbo jourdani Kiener, 1839
Turbo vericulum Röding, 1798: syn. Turbo setosus Gmelin, 1791
Turbo vermicularis Brocchi, 1814: syn. Turritella vermicularis (Brocchi, 1814)
Turbo versicolor Nowell-Usticke, 1959: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo versicolor Gmelin, 1791: syn. Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778)
Turbo vestitus Say, 1822: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
Turbo vieuxi Payraudeau, 1826: syn. Tricolia speciosa (Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824)
Turbo vinctus Montagu, 1803: syn. Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo virens Anton, 1839: syn. Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Turbo viridana Röding, 1798: syn. Lunella coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
Turbo viridicallus (Jousseaume, 1898): syn. Lunella viridicallus (Jousseaume, 1898)
Turbo vitreus Montagu, 1803: syn. Hyala vitrea (Montagu, 1803)
Turbo vittatus Donovan, 1804: syn. Cingula trifasciata (J. Adams, 1800)
Turbo zebra Wood, 1828: syn. Echinolittorina peruviana (Lamarck, 1822)
Turbo zebra Donovan, 1825: syn. Littoraria zebra (Donovan, 1825)
Turbo zetlandicus Montagu, 1815: syn. Alvinia zetlandica Montagu, 1815

]]
Các loài sau đây là nomina nuda (tên không được công bố kèm mô tả đầy đủ):
Turbo curvatus Chiereghini MS, Brusina, 1870 (nomen nudum): được chấp nhận là Eulima philippii Weinkauff, 1868

Các loài sau đây là đại diện thay thế:
Turbo setosus Gmelin, 1843 đại diện là Turbo setosus Gmelin, 1791 (đại diện thay thế)

Các loài sau đây là nomina dubia (tên chưa biết hoặc nghi ngờ):
Turbo articulatus Reeve, 1848 (nomen dubium)
Turbo concinnus Philippi, 1846 (nomen dubium)
Turbo crellenus Linnaeus, 1758 (nomen dubium)
Turbo disjunctus Anton, 1838 (nomen dubium)
Turbo elegans Philippi, 1846 (nomen dubium)
Turbo margaritaceus Linnaeus, 1758 (nomen dubium)
Turbo pustulatus Brocchi, 1821 (nomen dubium)
Turbo variabilis Reeve, 1842 (nomen dubium)

Tên tạm thời:
† Turbo genulatus Brocchi, 1814

Các loài sau đây là species inquirenda (tên có giá trị không chắc chắn hoặc còn tranh cãi):
Turbo regenfusii Deshayes, 1843

Chú thích

Tham khảo

Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) The Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, .
Williams, S.T. (2007). Origins and diversification of Indo-West Pacific marine fauna: evolutionary history and biogeography of turban shells (Gastropoda, Turbinidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 92, 573–592.
Williams S. (2008) The calcareous operculum as a character for defining subgenera in the marine gastropod genus Turbo. Vita Malacologica 7: 1-13. [16 December 2008]