umarzein/databricks-dolly-15k-en huggingface dataset:
Question: what was population of India during Mauryan Era?
Context: Prehistory to early 19th century
The following table lists estimates for the population of India (including what are now Pakistan and Bangladesh) from prehistory up until 1820. It includes estimates and growth rates according to five economic historians, along with interpolated estimates and overall aggregate averages derived from their estimates.[citation needed]

Estimates of historical world population

Year	Aggregate average	Period	Average
 % growth
/ century
Population	% of World population
10,000 BC	1,000	0.83%	Stone Age	30.28
4000 BC	1,000,000	30.83%
2000 BC	13,000,000	37.143%	Bronze Age	26.25
500 BC	25,000,000	41.70%	Iron Age	
400 BC	26,000,000	43.96%
200 BC	31,000,000	47.63%	Maurya era	
1 AD	35,000,000	35.56%	Classical
era	
200	41,000,000	36.15%
400	47,000,000	40%
500	50,000,000	43.58%
600	53,000,000	48.83%	Early
medieval
era	
700	60,000,000	56.67%
800	64,000,000	55%
900	70,000,000	53.34%
1000	79,000,000	30%
1100	83,000,000	35%	Late
medieval
era	
1200	86,000,000	36.67%
1300	91,000,000	38.34%
1400	97,000,000	30%
1500	105,000,000	21.67%
1600	140,000,000	23.33%	Early modern era	
1650	170,000,000	26.15%
1700	140,000,000	20%
1750	183,000,000	21.53%
1800	200,000,000	20%
1820	210,000,000	19.09%
The population grew from the South Asian Stone Age in 10,000 BC to the Maurya Empire in 200 BC at a steadily increasing growth rate,[19] before population growth slowed down in the Early Medieval Era up to 700 AD, and then started decreasing the up to 1500 AD.[20][21]

Under Mughal Empire, India experienced a high economic and demographic upsurge,[19] due to Mughal agrarian reforms that intensified agricultural production.[22] 15% of the population lived in urban centres, higher than the percentage of the population in 19th-century British India[23] and contemporary Europe[23] up until the 19th century.[24] Those estimates were criticised by Tim Dyson, who considers them exaggerations. According to Dyson, urbanisation of the Mughal empire was less than 9%[25]

Under the reign of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605) in 1600, the Mughal Empire's urban population was up to 17 million people, larger than the urban population in Europe.[26] By 1700, Mughal India had an urban population of 23 million people, larger than British India's urban population of 22.3 million in 1871.[27] Nizamuddin Ahmad (1551–1621) reported that, under Akbar's reign, Mughal India had 120 large cities and 3,200 townships.[23] A number of cities in India had a population between a quarter-million and half-million people,[23] with larger cities including Agra (in Agra Subah) with up to 800,000 people[28] and Dhaka (in Bengal Subah) with over 1 million people.[29] Mughal India also had a large number of villages, with 455,698 villages by the time of Aurangzeb (reigned 1658–1707).[26]
Answer: It was around 31,000,000 during Maurya Era (200BC) .
Question: Give me a chronological bulleted list based on a timeline of events
Context: Olson served as a law clerk for Judge Barbara Jacobs Rothstein on the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington for two years immediately after finishing law school. She served as a trial attorney and later Deputy Director of the National Church Arson Task Force in the United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division from 1992 to 1997. From 1994 to 1997, she also worked part-time as an adjunct professor at George Washington University Law School.

In 1997, Olson joined the Office of the United States Attorney for the District of Idaho, rising to the rank of Senior Litigation Counsel at the time of her appointment in 2010.[4]

After Olson resigned in 2017, she joined the Boise office of Stoel Rives, a law firm that operates in the Pacific Northwest.[5][6] In 2021, Olson was included on a shortlist of possible nominees to succeed Judge B. Lynn Winmill.[7][8]
Answer: * 1992 to 1997: Olson served as a trial attorney and later Deputy Director of the National Church Arson Task Force in the United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
* 1994 to 1997: Olson worked part-time as an adjunct professor at George Washington University Law School
* 1997: Olson joined the Office of the United States Attorney for the District of Idaho
* 2010: Olson rose to the rank of Senior Litigation Counsel
* 2017: Olson resigned
* 2017: Olson joined the Boise office of Stoel Rives, a law firm that operates in the Pacific Northwest
* 2021: Olson was included on a shortlist of possible nominees to succeed Judge B. Lynn Winmill
Question: Give me an overview of the different types of SOC reports and what they are used for
Context: System and Organization Controls (SOC), (also sometimes referred to as service organizations controls) as defined by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), is the name of a suite of reports produced during an audit. It is intended for use by service organizations (organizations that provide information systems as a service to other organizations) to issue validated reports of internal controls over those information systems to the users of those services. The reports focus on controls grouped into five categories called Trust Service Principles.[1] The AICPA auditing standard Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements no. 18 (SSAE 18), section 320, "Reporting on an Examination of Controls at a Service Organization Relevant to User Entities' Internal Control Over Financial Reporting", defines two levels of reporting, type 1 and type 2. Additional AICPA guidance materials specify three types of reporting: SOC 1, SOC 2, and SOC 3.

Trust Service Principles
SOC 2 reports focus on controls addressed by five semi-overlapping categories called Trust Service Principles which also support the CIA triad of information security:[1]

Security
Firewalls
Intrusion detection
Multi-factor authentication
Availability
Performance monitoring
Disaster recovery
Incident handling
Confidentiality
Encryption
Access controls
Firewalls
Processing Integrity
Quality assurance
Process monitoring
Adherence to principle
Privacy
Access control
Multi-factor authentication
Encryption
Reporting
Levels
There are two levels of SOC reports which are also specified by SSAE 18:[1]

Type I, which describes a service organization's systems and whether the design of specified controls meet the relevant trust principles. (Are the design and documentation likely to accomplish the goals defined in the report?)
Type II, which also addresses the operational effectiveness of the specified controls over a period of time (usually 9 to 12 months). (Is the implementation appropriate?)
Types
There are three types of SOC reports.[2]

SOC 1 – Internal Control over Financial Reporting (ICFR)[3]
SOC 2 – Trust Services Criteria[4][5]
SOC 3 – Trust Services Criteria for General Use Report[6]
Additionally, there are specialized SOC reports for Cybersecurity and Supply Chain.[7]

SOC 1 and SOC 2 reports are intended for a limited audience – specifically, users with an adequate understanding of the system in question. SOC 3 reports contain less specific information and can be distributed to the general public.
Answer: The different types of SOC reports are SOC 1, SOC 2, and SOC 3. Each report is used for a third party organization to understand the controls of another organization. SOC 1 reports cover controls over financial reporting, SOC 2 reports cover the trust services criteria (security, availability, confidentiality, processing integrity, and privacy), and SOC 3 reports are  general use SOC 2 reports.
Question: According to this paragraph, tell me what is referred to as the most exciting collegiate sporting event.
Context: In 2019, Virginia men's basketball won the NCAA Championship in "March Madness", the single-elimination national college basketball tournament considered by YouGov polled American viewers (as of the same year) to be the most exciting collegiate sporting event.[200][201] In 2015, when Virginia first won its first Capital One Cup its teams won the 2014 College Cup, the 2015 College World Series, and the 2015 NCAA Tennis Championships. When it repeated the feat in 2019, the program won both March Madness and the 2019 Men's Lacrosse Championship.
Answer: What is referred to as the most exciting collegiate sporting event is when the Virginia men's basketball team won the NCAA Championship in 2019.
Question: Who were the children of Bill 101
Context: The children of Bill 101 (les enfants de la loi 101) is the name given to the generation of children whose parents immigrated to Quebec, Canada after the adoption of the 1977 Charter of the French Language (Bill 101).

One of the Charter's articles stipulates that all children under 16 must receive their primary and secondary education in French schools, unless one of the child's parents has received most of their education in English, in Canada, or the child or the child's sibling has already received a substantial part of their education in English, in Canada. If a child qualifies for a certificate of eligibility for instruction in English under one of those criteria, then the certificate is permanent and can be passed on to future generations even if the child ends up attending French instead of English school. The permanent certificate can only be granted if one of the child's parents is a Canadian citizen. In addition, children of foreign temporary residents living in Quebec on study or work permits, as well as children of diplomats, can also obtain a temporary certificate of eligibility that is only valid for the duration of their permit.[1]
Answer: The children of Bill 101 (les enfants de la loi 101) is the name given to the generation of children whose parents immigrated to Quebec, Canada after the adoption of the 1977 Charter of the French Language (Bill 101).

One of the Charter's articles stipulates that all children under 16 must receive their primary and secondary education in French schools, unless one of the child's parents has received most of their education in English, in Canada, or the child or the child's sibling has already received a substantial part of their education in English, in Canada.
Question: Who is Alexander McGuire?
Context: Alexander McGuire (born 5 October 1932) is a New Zealand cricketer. He played in four first-class matches for Central Districts in 1957/58.
Answer: Alexander McGuire (born 5 October 1932) is a New Zealand cricketer. He played in four first-class matches for Central Districts in 1957/58.
Question: From this passage, tell me what was the highest grossing movie in 2022 and what was the second highest grossing movie?
Context: Avatar: The Way of Water became the 51st film to gross $ 1 billion worldwide,[3] the sixth film to gross $2 billion worldwide, the sixth-fastest film to cross the billion-dollar mark at 14 days,[4] the second-fastest to gross the $2 billion mark,[5][6] the highest grossing film of 2022,[7] and the highest-grossing film of the COVID-19 pandemic era.[8]
It had the 11th-biggest global opening of all time and the third-biggest global opening for a film in the pandemic era behind Spider-Man: No Way Home and Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, earning $441.7 million in its first weekend.[9][10]
It also achieved the second-highest global opening weekend ever for a film released in IMAX cinemas with $48.8 million.[9]
With the release of Avatar: The Way of Water, Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures led over other film distributors in worldwide box office grosses and crossed the $4.9 billion mark for the eighth year.[11] Disney’s cumulative gross was generated from 16 film releases across its various studio divisions.[12]
Top Gun: Maverick became the 49th film to gross $1 billion worldwide.[13]
Additionally, the film surpassed Mission: Impossible – Fallout (2018) to become Tom Cruise's highest-grossing film of all time at the worldwide box office and also surpassed War of the Worlds (2005) to become Cruise's highest-grossing film at the domestic box office.[14]
It also passed The Mummy (2017) as Cruise's biggest opening weekend at the worldwide box office and also passed War of the Worlds (2005) as Cruise's biggest opening at the domestic box office and his first film to open to over $100 million in the US.
It also passed Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007), another Jerry Bruckheimer produced movie, to have the highest Memorial Day opening weekend[15][16] and passed Shrek 2 (2004) to have the lowest second-weekend drop for a movie that made over $100M in its opening weekend.[17]
The film surpassed Transformers: Dark of the Moon (2011) to become the highest-grossing film distributed solely by Paramount Pictures worldwide, and Titanic (1997) to become Paramount's highest grossing film in the United States and Canada.
Answer: The highest grossing movie in 2022 is Avatar The way of Water, which grossed $2B worldwide. I unfortunately cannot tell what was the second highest grossing movie as that information is not available in the passage you shared with me
Question: Given a reference text about the Cuban Missile Crisis, when did the crisis occur and how long did it last?
Context: The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis (of 1962) (Spanish: Crisis de Octubre) in Cuba, the Caribbean Crisis (Russian: Карибский кризис, tr. Karibsky krizis, IPA: [kɐˈrʲipskʲɪj ˈkrʲizʲɪs]) in Russia, or the Missile Scare, was a 35-day (October 16 – November 20, 1962) confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union, which escalated into an international crisis when American deployments of missiles in Italy and Turkey were matched by Soviet deployments of similar ballistic missiles in Cuba. Despite the short time frame, the Cuban Missile Crisis remains a defining moment in national security and nuclear war preparation. The confrontation is often considered the closest the Cold War came to escalating into a full-scale nuclear war.[4]
Answer: The Cuban Missile crises lasted 35 days, from October 16 to November 20, 1962.
Question: Given this paragraph, extract a list of names that are playable by the user of this game.
Context: During the single-player campaign, the player controls five different characters from a first-person perspective. The player primarily controls Sergeant Gary "Roach" Sanderson, a British member of an international special forces unit named Task Force 141. In addition to Roach, the player will also assume control of Private First Class Joseph Allen (Troy Baker) and Private James Ramirez of the U.S. Army's 1st Battalion/75th Ranger Regiment.[23] The now Captain John "Soap" MacTavish (Kevin McKidd) serves as a senior member of Task Force 141, acting as Roach's superior officer and becomes the playable character in the final three missions of the game.[24] Lastly, the player briefly assumes the role of an astronaut stationed on the International Space Station during the height of the war between the United States and Russia.

The game's non-playable characters (NPCs) feature prominently in the story: For Task Force 141, Lieutenant Simon "Ghost" Riley (Craig Fairbrass), who conceals his face with a skull print balaclava serves as Soap's second in command.[25] For the United States Army Rangers, Sergeant Foley (Keith David), along with his subordinate, Corporal Dunn (Barry Pepper), is initially Joseph Allen's squad leader, and becomes James Ramirez's squad leader later in the story. Lieutenant General Shepherd (Lance Henriksen) is the commander of the United States Army Rangers and Task Force 141. Other supporting characters returning from Call of Duty 4 include Captain John Price (Billy Murray), MacTavish's former commanding officer in the British Special Air Service who was imprisoned in Russia, and Russian informant turned mercenary pilot "Nikolai" (Sven Holmberg).
Answer: 1. Sergeant Gary "Roach" Sanderson
2. Joseph Allen
3. James Ramirez
4. John "Soap" MacTavish
5. An unnamed astronaut
Question: Give this paragraph about the Alley Cats a capella group, what famous talk show hosts have they performed for?
Context: The group originated in 1987, when a concert choir program was having a variety night occurring at Fullerton College. When John Tebay, the choir director, suggested that Andre Peek (1st tenor and lead vocalist at that time) and Armando Fonseca (2nd tenor) perform together, both of them decided to take Mr. Tebays advice and form a quartet, an a cappella group. Two additional members along the way, Royce Reynolds (bass) and Todd Dixon (baritone)got together and the foursome gained notice. Since then The Alley Cats have performed for many audiences, ranging from elementary school fun nights[1] to being Grand.prize.winners on the Gong Show. Performing on the Arsenio Hall show to The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, as well as opening for Leno at his Las Vegas shows.[2] The Alley Cats's sound has been heard as well at The White House. The Alley Cats appeared in the Richard Simmons workout video Dance Your Pants Off! performed the song Celebration.
Answer: Jay Leno and Arsenio Hall
Question: What is an string instrument that is similar to a Violin, but larger in size and with a lower and deeper sound?
Context: The viola (/viˈoʊlə/ vee-OH-lə,[1] also UK: /vaɪˈoʊlə/ vy-OH-lə,[2][3][a] Italian: [ˈvjɔːla, viˈɔːla]) is a string instrument that is bowed, plucked, or played with varying techniques. Slightly larger than a violin, it has a lower and deeper sound. Since the 18th century, it has been the middle or alto voice of the violin family, between the violin (which is tuned a perfect fifth above) and the cello (which is tuned an octave below).[4] The strings from low to high are typically tuned to C3, G3, D4, and A4.
Answer: The instrument you are looking for is a Viola.
Question: Given a reference text about coleus rotundifolius, what are they commonly known as?
Context: Coleus rotundifolius, synonyms Plectranthus rotundifolius and Solenostemon rotundifolius,[1] commonly known as native or country potato in Africa and called Chinese potato in India, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the mint family (Lamiaceae) native to tropical Africa. It is cultivated for its edible tubers primarily in West Africa, as well as more recently in parts of Asia, especially India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia.[2]

C. rotundifolius is closely related to the coleus plants widely cultivated as ornamentals and is now again placed in the genus Coleus, after being placed in the defunct genus Solenostemon and in Plectranthus.[1]
Answer: Coleus rotundifolius are commonly known as country potato in Africa and Chinese potato in India.
Question: Which positions did Kamerion Wimbley play in High school?
Context: Kamerion Wimbley (born October 13, 1983) is a former American football outside linebacker and defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft with the 13th overall pick. He also played for the Oakland Raiders and Tennessee Titans before retiring in 2015. He played college football at Florida State University.

Early years
Attending Wichita Northwest High School in Kansas, Wimbley played defensive end, linebacker, quarterback, receiver and punter. He earned Parade and SuperPrep All-America honors during his senior season and was considered to be one of the top high school athletes in the nation. He played in the 2002 U.S. Army All-American Bowl.

Considered a four-star recruit by Rivals.com, Wimbley was ranked 58th overall among football prospects of the class of 2002.[1] He selected Florida State over Notre Dame, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Tennessee. Wimbley graduated from Northwest High School in December 2001 (a semester early) and enrolled at Florida State in the spring of 2002.
Answer: Kamerion Wimbley played Football in multiple positions in Wichita Northwest High School in Kansas, including: defensive end, linebacker, quarterback, receiver and punter.
Question: Given this reference paragraph about the history of the 'five whys' technique, what was the original intention of asking the 'five whys'?
Context: The technique was originally developed by Sakichi Toyoda and was used within the Toyota Motor Corporation during the evolution of its manufacturing methodologies. It is a critical component of problem-solving training, delivered as part of the induction into the Toyota Production System. The architect of the Toyota Production System, Taiichi Ohno, described the five whys method as "the basis of Toyota's scientific approach by repeating why five times[6] the nature of the problem as well as its solution becomes clear."[2] The tool has seen widespread use beyond Toyota, and is now used within Kaizen, lean manufacturing, lean construction and Six Sigma. The five whys were initially developed to understand why new product features or manufacturing techniques were needed, and was not developed for root cause analysis.
Answer: The original intention of asking the 'five whys' was to understand why new product features or manufacturing techniques were needed in Toyota's manufacturing practices.
Question: What are some languages that feature hygienic macros?
Context: Hygienic macros are macros whose expansion is guaranteed not to cause the accidental capture of identifiers. They are a feature of programming languages such as Scheme,[1] Dylan,[2] Rust, Nim, and Julia. The general problem of accidental capture was well known within the Lisp community prior to the introduction of hygienic macros. Macro writers would use language features that would generate unique identifiers (e.g., gensym) or use obfuscated identifiers in order to avoid the problem. Hygienic macros are a programmatic solution to the capture problem that is integrated into the macro expander itself. The term "hygiene" was coined in Kohlbecker et al.'s 1986 paper that introduced hygienic macro expansion, inspired by the terminology used in mathematics.[3]
Answer: Some languages that feature hygienic macros include Scheme, Dylan, Rust, Nim, and Julia.
Question: What was the former name of The Washington Commanders football team?
Context: The Washington Commanders are a professional American football team based in the Washington metropolitan area. Formerly known as the Washington Redskins, the team competes in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team plays its home games at FedExField in Landover, Maryland; its headquarters and training facility are in Ashburn, Virginia. The team has played more than 1,000 games and is one of only five in the NFL with more than 600 total wins. Washington was among the first NFL franchises with a fight song, "Hail to the Commanders",[a] which is played by their marching band after every touchdown scored by the team at home. The franchise is valued by Forbes at US$5.6 billion, making them the league's sixth-most valuable team as of 2022.[1]
Answer: The Washington Commanders was formally known as The Washington Redskins, the team competes in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division.
Question: What is the gun culture in the United States?
Context: In the United States, gun culture encompasses the behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs about firearms and their usage by civilians. Gun ownership in the United States is the highest in the world, and constitutionally protected by the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution. Firearms are widely used in the United States for self-defense, hunting, and recreational uses, such as target shooting.
Answer: The United States has become a victim of its past as it relates to its gun culture. The 2nd Amendment was ratified in 1791, which at the time seemed appropriate given that the United States had just waged a war against England for its freedom. However, more than 200 years later, the 2nd Amendment no longer solely ties itself to its original intent: to protect itself and its people. The prevalence of guns in the United States has led to the United States having the highest gun ownership rates in the world. This in turn has resulted in many inexplicable acts of gun violence that have cost innocent lives and traumatized many.