umarjan11/Medical-qna huggingface dataset:
Question: What are the symptoms of Tetra-amelia syndrome ?

Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Tetra-amelia syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Tetra-amelia syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the outer ear 90% Amelia 90% Aplasia/Hypoplasia involving the nose 90% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the lungs 90% Hydrocephalus 90% Oral cleft 90% Polyhydramnios 90% Abnormal lung lobation 50% Abnormal vertebral ossification 50% Abnormality of the larynx 50% Abnormality of the ribs 50% Abnormality of the sense of smell 50% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum 50% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the nipples 50% Cataract 50% Cryptorchidism 50% Iris coloboma 50% Microcornea 50% Multicystic kidney dysplasia 50% Narrow mouth 50% Optic atrophy 50% Septo-optic dysplasia 50% Tracheal stenosis 50% Urogenital fistula 50% Abnormality of the diaphragm - Absent external genitalia - Adrenal gland agenesis - Anal atresia - Asplenia - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Choanal atresia - Cleft palate - Cleft upper lip - Gastroschisis - Heterogeneous - Hypoplasia of the fallopian tube - Hypoplastic pelvis - Low-set ears - Microphthalmia - Peripheral pulmonary vessel aplasia - Pulmonary hypoplasia - Renal agenesis - Single naris - Single umbilical artery - Tetraamelia - Urethral atresia - Vaginal atresia - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question: What are the symptoms of Vasculitis ?

Answer: The signs and symptoms of vasculitis vary. They depend on the type of vasculitis you have, the organs involved, and the severity of the condition. Some people may have few signs and symptoms. Other people may become very sick.
                
Sometimes the signs and symptoms develop slowly, over months. Other times, the signs and symptoms develop quickly, over days or weeks.
                
Systemic Signs and Symptoms
                
Systemic signs and symptoms are those that affect you in a general or overall way. Common systemic signs and symptoms of vasculitis are:
                
Fever
                
Loss of appetite
                
Weight loss
                
Fatigue (tiredness)
                
General aches and pains
                
Organ- or Body System-Specific Signs and Symptoms
                
Vasculitis can affect specific organs and body systems, causing a range of signs and symptoms.
                
Skin
                
If vasculitis affects your skin, you may notice skin changes. For example, you may have purple or red spots or bumps, clusters of small dots, splotches, bruises, or hives. Your skin also may itch.
                
Joints
                
If vasculitis affects your joints, you may ache or develop arthritis in one or more joints.
                
Lungs
                
If vasculitis affects your lungs, you may feel short of breath. You may even cough up blood. The results from a chest x ray may show signs that suggest pneumonia, even though that may not be what you have.
                
Gastrointestinal Tract
                
If vasculitis affects your gastrointestinal tract, you may get ulcers (sores) in your mouth or have stomach pain.
                
In severe cases, blood flow to the intestines can be blocked. This can cause the wall of the intestines to weaken and possibly rupture (burst). A rupture can lead to serious problems or even death.
                
Sinuses, Nose, Throat, and Ears
                
If vasculitis affects your sinuses, nose, throat, and ears, you may have sinus or chronic (ongoing) middle ear infections. Other symptoms include ulcers in the nose and, in some cases, hearing loss.
                
Eyes
                
If vasculitis affects your eyes, you may develop red, itchy, burning eyes. Your eyes also may become sensitive to light, and your vision may blur. Rarely, certain types of vasculitis may cause blindness.
                
Brain
                
If vasculitis affects your brain, symptoms may include headaches, problems thinking clearly, changes in mental function, or stroke-like symptoms, such as muscle weakness and paralysis (an inability to move).
                
Nerves
                
If vasculitis affects your nerves, you may have numbness, tingling, and weakness in various parts of your body. You also may have a loss of feeling or strength in your hands and feet and shooting pains in your arms and legs.
Question: What are the symptoms of Dandy-Walker malformation with intellectual disability, basal ganglia disease and seizures ?

Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Dandy-Walker malformation with intellectual disability, basal ganglia disease and seizures? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Dandy-Walker malformation with intellectual disability, basal ganglia disease and seizures. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the cerebellum 90% Cerebral calcification 90% Cerebral cortical atrophy 90% Cognitive impairment 90% Cryptorchidism 90% Hemiplegia/hemiparesis 90% Hernia of the abdominal wall 90% Hydrocephalus 90% Macrocephaly 90% Muscular hypotonia 90% Neurological speech impairment 90% Strabismus 90% Ventriculomegaly 90% Abnormality of the palate 50% Behavioral abnormality 50% Gait disturbance 50% Scoliosis 50% Short philtrum 50% Decreased body weight 7.5% Hearing abnormality 7.5% Increased bone mineral density 7.5% Joint hypermobility 7.5% Long face 7.5% Optic atrophy 7.5% Dandy-Walker malformation 5% Abnormality of the basal ganglia - Choreoathetosis - Coarse facial features - Deeply set eye - Flexion contracture - Gait ataxia - High-frequency hearing impairment - Hyperreflexia - Intellectual disability - Mandibular prognathia - Prominent forehead - Prominent nose - Seizures - Self-injurious behavior - Sensorineural hearing impairment - Spasticity - Thick vermilion border - Wide mouth - X-linked inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question: What are the symptoms of Proud syndrome ?

Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Proud syndrome? The most common signs and symptoms of Proud syndrome are: Agenesis of the corpus callosum Severe intellectual disability Seizures Stiff and/or rigid muscles (spasticity) Other features may include microcephaly (unusually small head), limb contractures, scoliosis, characteristic facial features, kidney malformations, and genital abnormalities (i.e. cryptorchidism, hypospadias). Proud syndrome usually occurs in males; when it occurs in females, the signs and symptoms are often less severe. The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Proud syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Cognitive impairment 90% Microcephaly 90% Seizures 90% Short stature 90% Abnormality of the hip bone 50% Abnormality of the pinna 50% Coarse facial features 50% Hypertrichosis 50% Nystagmus 50% Scoliosis 50% Strabismus 50% Cerebral cortical atrophy 7.5% Displacement of the external urethral meatus 7.5% Hemiplegia/hemiparesis 7.5% Hernia of the abdominal wall 7.5% Renal hypoplasia/aplasia 7.5% Broad alveolar ridges - Cryptorchidism - High palate - Hirsutism - Hyperconvex nail - Hypospadias - Intellectual disability, progressive - Intellectual disability, severe - Large eyes - Limb joint contracture - Low anterior hairline - Neonatal hypotonia - Optic atrophy - Overlapping toe - Prominent supraorbital ridges - Protruding ear - Renal dysplasia - Spastic tetraplegia - Synophrys - Tapered finger - Tetraplegia - Visual impairment - X-linked inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
Question: What is (are) Histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome ?

Answer: Histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome is a group of conditions with overlapping signs and symptoms that affect many parts of the body. This group of disorders includes H syndrome, pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (PHID), Faisalabad histiocytosis, and familial Rosai-Dorfman disease (also known as familial sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy or FSHML). These conditions were once thought to be distinct disorders; however, because of the overlapping features and shared genetic cause, they are now considered to be part of the same disease spectrum. While some affected individuals have signs and symptoms characteristic of one of these conditions, others have a range of features from two or more of the conditions. The pattern of signs and symptoms can vary, even within the same family. All of the conditions in the spectrum are characterized by histiocytosis, which is an overgrowth of immune system cells called histiocytes. These cells abnormally accumulate in one or more tissues in the body, which can lead to organ or tissue damage. The lymph nodes are commonly affected, leading to swelling of the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy). Other areas of cell accumulation can include skin, kidneys, brain and spinal cord (central nervous system), or digestive tract. The spectrum is known as histiocytosis-lymphadenoapthy plus syndrome because the disorders that make up the spectrum can have additional signs and symptoms. H syndrome is named for the collection of symptoms - all starting with the letter H - that are commonly present. These include hyperpigmented skin lesions with excessive hair growth (hypertrichosis) and histiocyte accumulation, enlargement of the liver or liver and spleen (hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly), heart abnormalities, hearing loss, reduced amounts of hormones that direct sexual development (hypogonadism), and short stature (reduced height). In some cases, hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus may also be present. PHID is characterized by patches of hyperpigmented skin with hypertrichosis and the development of type 1 diabetes during childhood. Faisalabad histiocytosis is characterized by lymphadenopathy and swelling of the eyelids due to the accumulation of histiocytes. Affected individuals may also have joint deformities (contractures) in their fingers or toes, and hearing loss. Familial Rosai-Dorfman disease is characterized by lymphadenopathy, most often in the neck. Histiocytes can also accumulate in other parts of the body. Histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome is caused by mutations in the SLC29A3 gene. The condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Treatment is aimed at treating the symptoms present in each individual.
Question: What is (are) Hemolytic Anemia ?

Answer: Hemolytic anemia (HEE-moh-lit-ick uh-NEE-me-uh) is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over.
                
Red blood cells are disc-shaped and look like doughnuts without holes in the center. These cells carry oxygen to your body. They also remove carbon dioxide (a waste product) from your body.
                
Red blood cells are made in the bone marrowa sponge-like tissue inside the bones. They live for about 120 days in the bloodstream and then die.
                
White blood cells and platelets (PLATE-lets) also are made in the bone marrow. White blood cells help fight infections. Platelets stick together to seal small cuts or breaks on blood vessel walls and stop bleeding.
                
When blood cells die, the body's bone marrow makes more blood cells to replace them. However, in hemolytic anemia, the bone marrow can't make red blood cells fast enough to meet the body's needs.
                
Hemolytic anemia can lead to many health problems, such as fatigue (tiredness), pain, irregular heartbeats called arrhythmias (ah-RITH-me-ahs), an enlarged heart, and heart failure.
                
Overview
                
Hemolytic anemia is a type of anemia. The term "anemia" usually refers to a condition in which the blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells.
                
Anemia also can occur if your red blood cells don't contain enough hemoglobin (HEE-muh-glow-bin). Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
                
Anemia has three main causes: blood loss, lack of red blood cell production, or high rates of red blood cell destruction.
                
Hemolytic anemia is caused by high rates of red blood cell destruction. Many diseases, conditions, and factors can cause the body to destroy its red blood cells.
                
These causes can be inherited or acquired. "Inherited" means your parents passed the gene(s) for the condition on to you. "Acquired" means you aren't born with the condition, but you develop it. Sometimes the cause of hemolytic anemia isn't known.
                
Outlook
                
There are many types of hemolytic anemia. Treatment and outlook depend on what type you have and how severe it is. The condition can develop suddenly or slowly. Symptoms can range from mild to severe.
                
Hemolytic anemia often can be successfully treated or controlled. Mild hemolytic anemia may need no treatment at all. Severe hemolytic anemia requires prompt and proper treatment, or it may be fatal.
                
Inherited forms of hemolytic anemia are lifelong conditions that may require ongoing treatment. Acquired forms of hemolytic anemia may go away if the cause of the condition is found and corrected.
Question: How to prevent COPD ?

Answer: If you have COPD, you can take these steps to prevent complications and control the disabling effects of the disease. - Quit smoking.   - Avoid exposure to pollutants and lung irritants.  - Take precautions against the flu.  - Talk to your doctor about the flu and pneumonia vaccines.  - See your doctor on a regular basis.   - Follow your treatments for COPD exactly as your doctor prescribes. Quit smoking. Avoid exposure to pollutants and lung irritants. Take precautions against the flu. Talk to your doctor about the flu and pneumonia vaccines. See your doctor on a regular basis. Follow your treatments for COPD exactly as your doctor prescribes. Quit Smoking If you smoke, the most important thing you can do to prevent more lung damage is to stop smoking. Quitting can help prevent complications and slow the progress of the disease. It is also important to stay away from people who smoke and places where you know there will be smokers. To help you quit, there are many online resources and several new aids available from your doctor or health care provider. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has information on smoking cessation. Visit SmokeFree.gov , or check out NCI's  Clear Horizons,  a quit smoking guide for people 50+. You can also visit The American Lung Association, or call 1-800-QUIT NOW (1-800-784-8669). Avoid Exposure to Pollutants and Lung Irritants Try to stay away from other things that could irritate your lungs, like dust and strong fumes. Stay indoors when the outside air quality is poor. You should also stay away from places where there might be cigarette smoke. Take Precautions Against the Flu The flu (influenza) can cause serious problems for people who have COPD. Do your best to avoid crowds during flu season. In addition to avoiding people with the flu, remembering to wash and sanitize your hands can be one of the best ways to guard against getting sick. Talk to Your Doctor About the Flu (influenza) and Pneumonia Vaccines Talk with your doctor about getting a yearly flu shot and whether and when you should get the pneumonia vaccine. Flu shots can reduce your risk of getting the flu, and the pneumonia vaccine lowers your risk for pneumococcal pneumonia (NU-mo-KOK-al nu-MO-ne-ah) and its complications. Both of these illnesses are major health risks for people who have COPD. See Your Doctor Regularly See your doctor or health care provider regularly even if you are feeling fine. Make a list of your breathing symptoms and think about any activities that you can no longer do because of shortness of breath. Be sure to bring a list of all the medicines you are taking to each office visit. Follow Your Treatments Follow your treatments for COPD exactly as your doctor prescribes. They can help you breathe easier, stay more active, and avoid or manage severe symptoms.
Question: What are the symptoms of Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair ?

Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormal hair quantity 90% Delayed skeletal maturation 90% Low posterior hairline 90% Low-set, posteriorly rotated ears 90% Short nose 90% Short stature 90% Webbed neck 90% Abnormality of the pulmonary artery 50% Anteverted nares 50% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the eyebrow 50% Deep philtrum 50% Epicanthus 50% Hydrocephalus 50% Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 50% Macrotia 50% Pectus excavatum 50% Abnormality of the elbow 7.5% Abnormality of the fingernails 7.5% Abnormality of the intervertebral disk 7.5% Abnormality of the palate 7.5% Brachydactyly syndrome 7.5% Carious teeth 7.5% Cognitive impairment 7.5% Cryptorchidism 7.5% Hearing impairment 7.5% Hypertelorism 7.5% Hypoplastic toenails 7.5% Thick lower lip vermilion 7.5% Thin vermilion border 7.5% Eczema 5% Ichthyosis 5% Nasal speech 5% Atria septal defect - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Hyperactivity - Intellectual disability - Loose anagen hair - Low-set ears - Macrocephaly - Posteriorly rotated ears - Prominent forehead - Pulmonic stenosis - Short neck - Sparse scalp hair - Strabismus - Ventricular septal defect - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.