um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
THIS IS NOT AN INNOCUOUS DRUG. IT IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA. Allopurinol reduces serum and urinary uric acid concentrations. Its use should be individualized for each patient and requires an understanding of its mode of action and pharmacokinetics (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
,
CONTRAINDICATIONS
, WARNINGS
and
PRECAUTIONS
).
Allopurinol is indicated in:
the management of patients with signs and symptoms of primary or secondary gout (acute attacks, tophi, joint destruction, uric acid lithiasis and/or nephropathy).
the management of patients with leukemia, lymphoma and malignancies who are receiving cancer therapy which causes elevations of serum and urinary uric acid levels. Treatment with allopurinol should be discontinued when the potential for overproduction of uric
acid is no longer present
the management of patients with recurrent calcium oxalate calculi whose daily uric acid excretion exceeds 800mg/day in male patients and 750 mg/day in female patients. Therapy in such patients should be carefully assessed initially and reassessed periodically to determine in each case that treatment is beneficial and that the benefits outweigh the risks.
INDICATIONS
Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal) is indicated for use in the management of severe spasticity. Patients should first respond to a screening dose of intrathecal baclofen prior to consideration for long term infusion via an implantable pump. For spasticity of spinal cord origin, chronic infusion of Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal) via an implantable pump should be reserved for patients unresponsive to oral baclofen therapy, or those who experience intolerable CNS side effects at effective doses. Patients with spasticity due to traumatic brain injury should wait at least one year after the injury before consideration of long term intrathecal baclofen therapy. Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal) is intended for use by the intrathecal route in single bolus test doses (via spinal catheter or lumbar puncture) and, for chronic use, only in implantable pumps approved by the FDA specifically for the administration of Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal) into the intrathecal space.
Spasticity of Spinal Cord Origin
Evidence supporting the efficacy of intrathecal baclofen was obtained in randomized, controlled investigations that compared the effects of either a single intrathecal dose or a three day intrathecal infusion of intrathecal baclofen to placebo in patients with severe spasticity and spasms due to either spinal cord trauma or multiple sclerosis. Intrathecal baclofen was superior to placebo on both principal outcome measures employed: change from baseline in the Ashworth rating of spasticity and the frequency of spasms.
Spasticity of Cerebral Origin
The efficacy of intrathecal baclofen was investigated in three controlled clinical trials; two enrolled patients with cerebral palsy and one enrolled patients with spasticity due to previous brain injury. The first study, a randomized controlled cross- over trial of 51 patients with cerebral palsy, provided strong, statistically significant results; intrathecal baclofen was superior to placebo in reducing spasticity as measured by the Ashworth Scale. A second cross- over study was conducted in 11 patients with spasticity arising from brain injury. Despite the small sample size, the study yielded a nearly significant test statistic (p= 0.066) and provided directionally favorable results. The last study, however, did not provide data that could be reliably analyzed.
Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal) therapy may be considered an alternative to destructive neurosurgical procedures. Prior to implantation of a device for chronic intrathecal infusion of Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal), patients must show a response to Baclofen Injection (Intrathecal) in a screening trial (see Dosage and Administration)
Indications & Usage
Phentermine hydrochloride tablets USP are indicated as a short-term (a few weeks) adjunct in a regimen
of weight reduction based on exercise, behavioral modification and caloric restriction in the
management of exogenous obesity for patients with an initial body mass index greater than or equal to
30 kg/m , or greater than or equal to 27 kg/m in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., controlled
hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia).
Below is a chart of body mass index (BMI) based on various heights and weights.
BMI is calculated by taking the patient's weight, in kilograms (kg), divided by the patient's height, in meters (m), squared. Metric conversions are as follows: pounds
2.2 = kg; inches x 0.0254 = meters.
Phentermine Indications and usage
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of ketorolac tromethamine and other treatment options before deciding to use ketorolac. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals (see
WARNINGS
).
Acute Pain in Adult Patients
Ketorolac tromethamine is indicated for the short-term (5 days) management of moderately severe acute pain that requires analgesia at the opioid level, usually in a postoperative setting. Therapy should always be initiated with IV or IM dosing of ketorolac tromethamine, and oral ketorolac tromethamine is to be used only as continuation treatment, if necessary.
The total combined duration of use of ketorolac tromethamine injection, and oral ketorolac tromethamine is not to exceed 5 days of use because of the potential of increasing the frequency and severity of adverse reactions associated with the recommended doses (see
WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
, and
ADVERSE REACTIONS
). Patients should be switched to alternative analgesics as soon as possible, but ketorolac tromethamine therapy is not to exceed 5 days (see
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Pharmaceutical Information for Ketorolac Tromethamine Injection).
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Bupivacaine hydrochloride injection, USP is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, oral surgery procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures. Only the 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations are indicated for obstetrical anesthesia. (See
WARNINGS
.)
Experience with nonobstetrical surgical procedures in pregnant patients is not sufficient to recommend use of 0.75% concentration of bupivacaine hydrochloride injection, USP in these patients.
Bupivacaine hydrochloride injection, USP is not recommended for intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier Block). See
WARNINGS
.
The routes of administration and indicated bupivacaine hydrochloride injection, USP concentrations are:
local infiltration
0.25%
peripheral nerve block 0.25% and 0.5%
retrobulbar block 0.75%
sympathetic block 0.25%
lumbar epidural
0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% (0.75% not for obstetrical anesthesia)
caudal 0.25% and 0.5%
epidural test dose
(see
PRECAUTIONS
)
(See
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
for additional information.)
Standard textbooks should be consulted to determine the accepted procedures and techniques for the administration of bupivacaine hydrochloride injection, USP.
1.3 Malignant Effusions
TEPADINA is indicated for controlling intracavitary effusions secondary to diffuse or localized neoplastic diseases of various serosal cavities.
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Phenylephrine hydrochloride Injection is indicated for the treatment of clinically important hypotension resulting primarily from vasodilation in the setting of anesthesia.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride Injection is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of clinically important hypotension resulting primarily from vasodilation in the setting of anesthesia.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
CYKLOKAPRON is indicated in patients with hemophilia for short-term use (2 to 8 days) to reduce or prevent hemorrhage and reduce the need for replacement therapy during and following tooth extraction.
CYKLOKAPRON is an antifibrinolytic indicated in patients with hemophilia for short-term use (2 to 8 days) to reduce or prevent hemorrhage and reduce the need for replacement therapy during and following tooth extraction. (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Promethazine hydrochloride and codeine phosphate syrup is indicated for the temporary relief of coughs and upper respiratory symptoms associated with allergy or the common cold.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Terazosin capsules are indicated for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There is a rapid response, with approximately 70% of patients experiencing an increase in urinary flow and improvement in symptoms of BPH when treated with terazosin. The long term effects of terazosin on the incidence of surgery, acute urinary obstruction or other complications of BPH are yet to be determined.
Terazosin capsules are also indicated for the treatment of hypertension. They can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents such as diuretics or beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating drug indicated for treatment of:
Malignant Diseases: malignant lymphomas: Hodgkins disease, lymphocytic lymphoma, mixed-cell type lymphoma, histiocytic lymphoma, Burkitts lymphoma; multiple myeloma, leukemias, mycosis fungoides, neuroblastoma, adenocarcinoma of ovary, retinoblastoma, breast carcinoma (1.1)
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Pediatric Patients: biopsy proven minimal change nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients who failed to adequately respond to or are unable to tolerate adrenocorticosteroid therapy (1.2)
Limitations of Use: The safety and effectiveness for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome in adults or other renal disease has not been established.
1.1 Malignant Diseases
Cyclophosphamide Capsules are indicated for the treatment of:
malignant lymphomas (Stages III and IV of the Ann Arbor staging system), Hodgkins disease, lymphocytic lymphoma (nodular or diffuse), mixed-cell type lymphoma, histiocytic lymphoma, Burkitts lymphoma
multiple myeloma
leukemias: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia (it is usually ineffective in acute blastic crisis), acute myelogenous and monocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic (stem-cell) leukemia (cyclophosphamide given during remission is effective in prolonging its duration)
mycosis fungoides (advanced disease)
neuroblastoma (disseminated disease)
adenocarcinoma of the ovary
retinoblastoma
carcinoma of the breast
Cyclophosphamide capsules, although effective alone in susceptible malignancies, is more frequently used concurrently or sequentially with other antineoplastic drugs.
1.2 Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Pediatric Patients
Cyclophosphamide capsules are indicated for the treatment of biopsy proven minimal change nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients who failed to adequately respond to or are unable to tolerate adrenocorticosteroid therapy.
Limitations of Use:
The safety and effectiveness of cyclophosphamide capsules for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome in adults or other renal disease has not been established.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Hydrocodone Bitartrate and Homatropine Methylbromide Oral Solution (Syrup) are indicated for the symptomatic relief of cough in patients 18 years of age and older.
Important Limitations of Use:
Not indicated for pediatric patients under 18 years of age [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ].
Contraindicated in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age [see Contraindications (4)].
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)], reserve Hydrocodone Bitartrate and Homatropine Methylbromide Oral Solution (Syrup) for use in adult patients for whom the benefits of cough suppression are expected to outweigh the risks, and in whom an adequate assessment of the etiology of the cough has been made.
Hydrocodone Bitartrate and Homatropine Methylbromide Oral Solution (Syrup) is a combination of hydrocodone, an opioid agonist, and homatropine, a muscarinic antagonist, indicated for the symptomatic relief of cough in patients 18 years of age and older. (1)
Important Limitations of Use (1)
Not indicated for pediatric patients under 18 years of age.
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses, reserve Hydrocodone Bitartrate and Homatropine Methylbromide Oral Solution (Syrup) for use in adult patients for whom the benefits of cough suppression are expected to outweigh the risks, and in whom an adequate assessment of the etiology of the cough has been made.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Clomipramine Hydrochloride Capsules USP are indicated for the treatment of obsessions and compulsions in patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The obsessions or compulsions must cause marked distress, be time-consuming, or significantly interfere with social or occupational functioning, in order to meet the DSM-III-R (circa 1989) diagnosis of OCD.
Obsessions are recurrent, persistent ideas, thoughts, images, or impulses that are ego-dystonic. Compulsions are repetitive, purposeful, and intentional behaviors performed in response to an obsession or in a stereotyped fashion, and are recognized by the person as excessive or unreasonable.
The effectiveness of clomipramine hydrochloride capsules for the treatment of OCD was demonstrated in multicenter, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies, including two 10-week studies in adults and one 8-week study in children and adolescents10 to 17 years of age. Patients in all studies had moderate-to-severe OCD (DSM-III), with mean baseline ratings on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) ranging from 26 to 28 and a mean baseline rating of 10 on the NIMH Clinical Global Obsessive Compulsive Scale (NIMH-OC). Patients taking CMI experienced a mean reduction of approximately 10 on the YBOCS, representing an average improvement on this scale of 35% to 42% among adults and 37% among children and adolescents. CMI-treated patients experienced a 3.5 unit decrement on the NIMH-OC. Patients on placebo showed no important clinical response on either scale. The maximum dose was 250 mg/day for most adults and 3 mg/kg/day (up to 200 mg) for all children and adolescents.
The effectiveness of clomipramine hydrochloride capsules for long-term use (i.e., for more than 10 weeks) has not been systematically evaluated in placebo-controlled trials. The physician who elects to use clomipramine hydrochloride capsules for extended periods should periodically reevaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient (see
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
).
1
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
CINQAIR is indicated for the add-on maintenance treatment of patients with severe asthma aged 18 years and older with an eosinophilic phenotype [see Clinical Studies (14)].
Limitation of Use:
CINQAIR is not indicated for treatment of other eosinophilic conditions.
CINQAIR is not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
CINQAIR is an interleukin-5 antagonist monoclonal antibody (IgG4 kappa) indicated for add-on maintenance treatment of patients with severe asthma aged 18 years and older, and with an eosinophilic phenotype (1).
Limitations of Use:
CINQAIR is not indicated for:
treatment of other eosinophilic conditions (1)
relief of acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Gemcitabine for Injection is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor indicated:
in combination with carboplatin, for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer that has relapsed at least 6 months after completion of platinum-based therapy. (1.1)
in combination with paclitaxel, for first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer after failure of prior anthracycline-containing adjuvant chemotherapy, unless anthracyclines were clinically contraindicated. (1.2)
in combination with cisplatin, for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
(1.3)
as a single agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. (1.4)
1.1 Ovarian Cancer
Gemcitabine for Injection in combination with carboplatin is indicated for the treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer that has relapsed at least 6 months after completion of platinum-based therapy.
1.2 Breast Cancer
Gemcitabine for Injection in combination with paclitaxel is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer after failure of prior anthracycline-containing adjuvant chemotherapy, unless anthracyclines were clinically contraindicated.
1.3 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Gemcitabine for Injection
in combination with cisplatin is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with inoperable, locally advanced (Stage IIIA or IIIB) or metastatic (Stage IV) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
1.4 Pancreatic Cancer
Gemcitabine for Injection is indicated as first-line treatment for patients with locally advanced (nonresectable Stage II or Stage III) or metastatic (Stage IV) adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Gemcitabine for Injection is indicated for patients previously treated with fluorouracil.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Naftifine hydrochloride gel USP, 2% is indicated for the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis caused by the organisms Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum.
Naftifine Hydrochloride Gel USP, 2% is an allylamine antifungal indicated for the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis caused by the organisms Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum. (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Phentermine hydrochloride tablets are indicated as a short-term (a few weeks) adjunct in a regimen of weight reduction based on exercise, behavioral modification and caloric restriction in the management of exogenous obesity for patients with an initial body mass index
30 kg/m2, or
27 kg/m2 in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., controlled hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia).
Below is a chart of body mass index (BMI) based on various heights and weights.
BMI is calculated by taking the patients weight, in kilograms (kg), divided by the patients height, in meters (m), squared. Metric conversions are as follows: pounds
2.2 = kg; inches x 0.0254 = meters.
The limited usefulness of agents of this class, including phentermine hydrochloride tablets USP, [see Clinical Pharmacology (
12.1
,
12.2
)] should be measured against possible risk factors inherent in their use such as those described below.
Phentermine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic amine anorectic indicated as a short-term adjunct (a few weeks) in a regimen of weight reduction based on exercise, behavioral modification and caloric restriction in the management of exogenous obesity for patients with an initial body mass index
30 kg/m2, or
27 kg/m2 in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., controlled hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia). (
1
)
The limited usefulness of agents of this class, including phentermine hydrochloride tablets USP, should be measured against possible risk factors inherent in their use. (
1
)
Figure 1
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Fluoxetine is indicated for the treatment of:
Acute and maintenance treatment of Major Depressive Disorder [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].
Acute and maintenance treatment of obsessions and compulsions in patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)[see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
Acute and maintenance treatment of binge-eating and vomiting behaviors in patients with moderate to severe Bulimia Nervosa [see Clinical Studies (14.3)].
Acute treatment of Panic Disorder, with or without agoraphobia [see Clinical Studies (14.4)].
Fluoxetine and Olanzapine in Combination is indicated for the treatment of:
Acute treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder.
Treatment resistant depression (Major Depressive Disorder in patients, who do not respond to 2 separate trials of different antidepressants of adequate dose and duration in the current episode).
Fluoxetine monotherapy is not indicated for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder or the treatment of treatment resistant depression.
When using fluoxetine and olanzapine in combination, also refer to the Clinical Studies section of the package insert for Symbyax .
Fluoxetine capsules are a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor indicated for:
Acute and maintenance treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (1)
Acute and maintenance treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (1)
Acute and maintenance treatment of Bulimia Nervosa (1)
Acute treatment of Panic Disorder, with or without agoraphobia (1)
Fluoxetine capsules and olanzapine in combination for treatment of:
Acute Depressive Episodes Associated with Bipolar I Disorder (1)
Treatment Resistant Depression (1)
Indications and Usage
PYtest (14C-Urea breath test) is indicated for use in the detection of gastric urease as an aid in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in the human stomach. The test utilizes a liquid scintillation counter for the measurement of 14CO2 in breath samples.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Droxidopa capsules are indicated for the treatment of orthostatic dizziness, lightheadedness, or the feeling that you are about to black out in adult patients with symptomatic neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) caused by primary autonomic failure (Parkinson's disease [PD], multiple system atrophy, and pure autonomic failure), dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency, and non-diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Effectiveness beyond 2 weeks of treatment has not been established. The continued effectiveness of Droxidopa should be assessed periodically.
Droxidopa Capsules are indicated for the treatment of orthostatic dizziness, lightheadedness, or the feeling that you are about to black out in adult patients with symptomatic neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) caused by primary autonomic failure (Parkinson's disease [PD], multiple system atrophy, and pure autonomic failure), dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency, and non-diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Effectiveness beyond 2 weeks of treatment has not been established. The continued effectiveness of Droxidopa capsules should be assessed periodically (
1).
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate tablets are
effective as adjunctive therapy in the management of diarrhea
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Oxycodone Hydrochloride Capsules arean opioid agonist indicated for the management of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate.
Limitations of Use
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses, [see Warnings and Precautions (
5.1
)
], reserve Oxycodone Hydrochloride Capsules for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics or opioid combination products]:
Have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated,
Have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia
Oxycodone Hydrochloride Capsule is an opioid agonist indicated for the management of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate. (1)
L
imitations of Use (1)
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses, reserve Oxycodone Hydrochloride Capsules for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics or opioid combination products]:
Have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated,
Have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia