um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
1
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
CAMBIA is indicated for the acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura in adults (18 years of age or older).
Limitations of Use:
CAMBIA is not indicated for the prophylactic therapy of migraine.
The safety and effectiveness of CAMBIA have not been established for cluster headache, which is present in an older, predominantly male population.
CAMBIA is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indicated for the acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura in adults 18 years of age or older
(1)
Limitations of Use (
1
):
CAMBIA is not indicated for the prophylactic therapy of migraine
Safety and effectiveness of CAMBIA not established for cluster headache, which is present in an older, predominantly male population
Prophylaxis
The preoperative administration of CEFOTAN may reduce the incidence of certain postoperative infections in patients undergoing surgical procedures that are classified as clean contaminated or potentially contaminated (e.g., cesarean section, abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy, transurethral surgery, biliary tract surgery, and gastrointestinal surgery).
If there are signs and symptoms of infection, specimens for culture should be obtained for identification of the causative organism so that appropriate therapeutic measures may be initiated.
Indications and Usage
SKELAXIN (metaxalone) is indicated as an adjunct to rest, physical therapy, and other measures for the relief of discomforts associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. The mode of action of this drug has not been clearly identified, but may be related to its sedative properties. Metaxalone does not directly relax tense skeletal muscles in man.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Hypertension
Metoprolol tartrate tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. They may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.
Angina Pectoris
Metoprolol tartrate tablets are indicated in the long-term treatment of angina pectoris.
Myocardial Infarction
Metoprolol tartrate tablets and injection are indicated in the treatment of hemodynamically stable patients with definite or suspected acute myocardial infarction to reduce cardiovascular mortality. Treatment with intravenous metoprolol tartrate can be initiated as soon as the patients clinical condition allows (see
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
,
CONTRAINDICATIONS
, and
WARNINGS
). Alternatively, treatment can begin within 3 to 10 days of the acute event (see
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
).
Piroxicam Capsules USP is indicated:
For relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis.
For relief of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
INDICATIONS & USAGE
For blood pressure control in certain acute hypotensive states (e.g., pheochromocytomectomy, sympathectomy, poliomyelitis, spinal anesthesia, myocardial infarction, septicemia, blood transfusion, and drug reactions).
As an adjunct in the treatment of cardiac arrest and profound hypotension.
INDICATION AND USAGE
Fluocinolone Acetonide 0.01% Topical Oil is a low to medium potency corticosteroid indicated:
In adult patients for the treatment of psoriasis of the scalp (Scalp Oil).
1.1 Treatment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
Alendronate sodium tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, alendronate sodium tablets, USP increase bone mass and reduce the incidence of fractures, including those of the hip and spine (vertebral compression fractures). [See Clinical Studies (14.1).]
1.2 Prevention of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
Alendronate sodium tablets, USP are indicated for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]
1.3 Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men with Osteoporosis
Alendronate sodium tablets, USP are indicated for treatment to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis [see Clinical Studies (14.3)].
1.4 Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis
Alendronate sodium tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men and women receiving glucocorticoids in a daily dosage equivalent to 7.5 mg or greater of prednisone and who have low bone mineral density [see Clinical Studies (14.4)].
1.5 Treatment of Paget's Disease of Bone
Alendronate sodium tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of Paget's disease of bone in men and women. Treatment is indicated in patients with Paget's disease of bone who have alkaline phosphatase at least two times the upper limit of normal, or those who are symptomatic, or those at risk for future complications from their disease. [See Clinical Studies (14.5).]
1.6 Important Limitations of Use
The optimal duration of use has not been determined. The safety and effectiveness of alendronate sodium for the treatment of osteoporosis are based on clinical data of four years duration. All patients on bisphosphonate therapy should have the need for continued therapy re-evaluated on a periodic basis. Patients at low-risk for fracture should be considered for drug discontinuation after 3 to 5 years of use. Patients who discontinue therapy should have their risk for fracture re-evaluated periodically.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Levetiracetam tablets USP are indicated for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 1 month of age and older (1.1)
Levetiracetam tablets USP are indicated for adjunctive therapy for treatment of:
Partial onset seizures in patients one month of age and
older with epilepsy (1.1)
Myoclonic seizures in patients 12 years of age and older
with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (1.2)
Primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients 6
years of age and older with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (1.3)
1.1 Partial Onset Seizures
Levetiracetam tablets USP are indicated for treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 1 month of age and older.
1.2 Myoclonic Seizures in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Levetiracetam tablets USP are indicated as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of myoclonic seizures in patients 12 years of age and older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
1.3 Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures
Levetiracetam tablets USP are indicated as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients 6 years of age and older with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE:
For the treatment of conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections due to susceptible microorganisms, and as an adjunctive in systemic sulfonamide therapy of trachoma:
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Wixela Inhub is a combination product containing a corticosteroid and a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) indicated for:
Twice-daily treatment of asthma in patients aged 4 years and older. (1.1)
Maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction and reducing exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (1.2)
Important limitation of use: Not indicated for relief of acute bronchospasm. (1.1, 1.2)
1.1
Treatment of Asthma
Wixela Inhub is indicated for the twice-daily treatment of asthma in patients aged 4 years and older. Wixela Inhub should be used for patients not adequately controlled on a long-term asthma control medication such as an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or whose disease warrants initiation of treatment with both an ICS and long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA).
Important Limitation of Use
Wixela Inhub is NOT indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm.
1.2
Maintenance Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Wixela Inhub 250/50 is indicated for the twice-daily maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. Wixela Inhub 250/50 is also indicated to reduce exacerbations of COPD in patients with a history of exacerbations. Wixela Inhub 250/50 twice daily is the only approved dosage for the treatment of COPD because an efficacy advantage of the higher strength Wixela Inhub 500/50 over Wixela Inhub 250/50 has not been demonstrated.
Important Limitation of Use
Wixela Inhub is NOT indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Carbidopa is indicated for use with carbidopa-levodopa or with levodopa in the treatment of the symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (paralysis agitans), postencephalitic parkinsonism, and symptomatic parkinsonism, which may follow injury to the nervous system by carbon monoxide intoxication and/or manganese intoxication.
Carbidopa is for use with carbidopa-levodopa in patients for whom the dosage of carbidopa-levodopa provides less than adequate daily dosage (usually 70 mg daily) of carbidopa.
Carbidopa is for use with levodopa in the occasional patient whose dosage requirement of carbidopa and levodopa necessitates separate titration of each medication.
Carbidopa is used with carbidopa-levodopa or with levodopa to permit the administration of lower doses of levodopa with reduced nausea and vomiting, more rapid dosage titration, and with a somewhat smoother response. However, patients with markedly irregular ("on-off") responses to levodopa have not been shown to benefit from the addition of carbidopa.
Since carbidopa prevents the reversal of levodopa effects caused by pyridoxine, supplemental pyridoxine (vitamin B6), can be given to patients when they are receiving carbidopa and levodopa concomitantly or as carbidopa-levodopa.
Although the administration of carbidopa permits control of parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease with much lower doses of levodopa, there is no conclusive evidence at present that this is beneficial other than in reducing nausea and vomiting, permitting more rapid titration, and providing a somewhat smoother response to levodopa.
Certain patients who responded poorly to levodopa alone have improved when carbidopa and levodopa were given concurrently. This was most likely due to decreased peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa rather than to a primary effect of carbidopa on the peripheral nervous system. Carbidopa has not been shown to enhance the intrinsic efficacy of levodopa.
In deciding whether to give carbidopa with carbidopa-levodopa or with levodopa to patients who have nausea and/or vomiting, the physician should be aware that, while many patients may be expected to improve, some may not. Since one cannot predict which patients are likely to improve, this can only be determined by a trial of therapy. It should be further noted that in controlled trials comparing carbidopa and levodopa with levodopa alone, about half the patients with nausea and/or vomiting on levodopa alone improved spontaneously despite being retained on the same dose of levodopa during the controlled portion of the trial.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Escitalopram tablets areselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) indicated for:
Acute and Maintenance Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in adultsand adolescents aged 12-17 years (1.1)
Acute Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in adults (1.2)
1.1 Major Depressive Disorder
Escitalopram tablets are indicated for the acute and maintenance treatment of major depressive disorder in adults and in adolescents 12 to 17 years of age [see Clinical Studies (14.1)
].
A major depressive episode (DSM-IV) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation.
1.2 Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Escitalopram tablets are indicated for the acute treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in adults [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) that is persistent for at least 6 months and which the person finds difficult to control. It must be associated with at least 3 of the following symptoms: restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating or mind going blank, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance.
Pediatric use information for patients 7 to 17 years of age is approved for AstraZenecas CRESTOR (rosuvastatin calcium) tablets. However, due to AstraZenecas marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
1.3 Hypertriglyceridemia
Rosuvastatin calcium tablets are indicated as adjunctive therapy to diet for the treatment of adult patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
1.4 Primary Dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia)
Rosuvastatin calcium tablets are indicated as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of adult patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia).
1.5 Adult Patients with Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Rosuvastatin calcium tablets are indicated as adjunctive therapy to other lipid-lowering treatments (e.g., LDL apheresis) or alone if such treatments are unavailable to reduce LDL-C, Total-C, and ApoB in adult patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
1.8 Limitations of Use
Rosuvastatin calcium tablets have not been studied in Fredrickson Type I and V dyslipidemias
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
When oral therapy is not feasible, and the strength, dosage form, and route of administration of the drug reasonably lend the preparation to the treatment of the condition, the intravenous or intramuscular use of methylprednisolone sodium succinate for injection is indicated as follows:
Allergic states
Control of severe or incapacitating allergic conditions intractable to adequate trials of conventional treatment in asthma, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, drug hypersensitivity reactions, serum sickness, transfusion reactions.
Dermatologic diseases
Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, exfoliative erythroderma, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus, severe erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
Endocrine disorders
Primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency (hydrocortisone or cortisone is the drug of choice; synthetic analogs may be used in conjunction with mineralocorticoids where applicable; in infancy, mineralocorticoid supplementation is of particular importance), congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with cancer, nonsuppurative thyroiditis.
Gastrointestinal diseases
To tide the patient over a critical period of the disease in regional enteritis (systemic therapy) and ulcerative colitis.
Hematologic disorders
Acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, congenital (erythroid) hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults (intravenous administration only; intramuscular administration is contraindicated), pure red cell aplasia, selected cases of secondary thrombocytopenia.
Miscellaneous
Trichinosis with neurologic or myocardial involvement, tuberculous meningitis with subarachnoid block or impending block when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy.
Neoplastic diseases
For the palliative management of leukemias and lymphomas.
Nervous System
Acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis; cerebral edema associated with primary or metastatic brain tumor, or craniotomy.
Ophthalmic diseases
Sympathetic ophthalmia, uveitis and ocular inflammatory conditions unresponsive to topical corticosteroids.
Renal diseases
To induce diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or that due to lupus erythematosus.
Respiratory diseases
Berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias, symptomatic sarcoidosis.
Rheumatic disorders
As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration (to tide the patient over an acute episode or exacerbation) in acute gouty arthritis; acute rheumatic carditis; ankylosing spondylitis; psoriatic arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (selected cases may require low-dose maintenance therapy). For the treatment of dermatomyositis, temporal arteritis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride tablets are indicated as an adjunct to rest and physical therapy for relief of muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions.
Improvement is manifested by relief of muscle spasm and its associated signs and symptoms, namely, pain, tenderness, limitation of motion, and restriction in activities of daily living.
Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride tablets should be used only for short periods (up to two or three weeks) because adequate evidence of effectiveness for more prolonged use is not available and because muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions is generally of short duration and specific therapy for longer periods is seldom warranted.
Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride tablets have not been found effective in the treatment of spasticity associated with cerebral or spinal cord disease, or in children with cerebral palsy.
INDICATIONS & USAGE
Postherpetic Neuralgia
Gabapentin tablets USP are indicated for the management of postherpetic neuralgia in adults.
Epilepsy
Gabapentin tablets USP are indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in patients over 12 years of age with epilepsy. Gabapentin tablets USP are also indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in pediatric patients age 3 to 12 years.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE:
Ergotamine tartrate and caffeine tablets are indicated as therapy to abort or prevent vascular headache; e.g., migraine, migraine variants or so-called histaminic cephalalgia.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Diuretics such as chlorthalidone are indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effect of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension.
Chlorthalidone is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy.
Chlorthalidone has also been found useful in edema due to various forms of renal dysfunction, such as nephrotic syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis, and chronic renal failure.
Usage in Pregnancy
The routine use of diuretics in an otherwise healthy woman is inappropriate and exposes mother and fetus to unnecessary hazard. Diuretics do not prevent development of toxemia of pregnancy, and there is no satisfactory evidence that they are useful in the treatment of developed toxemia. Edema during pregnancy may arise from pathologic causes or from the physiologic and mechanical consequences of pregnancy. Chlorthalidone is indicated in pregnancy when edema is due to pathologic causes, just as it is in the absence of pregnancy (however, see
PRECAUTIONS, below). Dependent edema in pregnancy, resulting from restriction of venous return by the expanded uterus, is properly treated through elevation of the lower extremities and use of support hose; use of diuretics to lower intravascular volume in this case is illogical and unnecessary. There is hypervolemia during normal pregnancy that is harmful to neither the fetus nor the mother (in the absence of cardiovascular disease), but that is associated with edema, including generalized edema, in the majority of pregnant women. If this edema produces discomfort, increased recumbency will often provide relief. In rare instances, this edema may cause extreme discomfort that is not relieved by rest. In these cases, a short course of diuretics may provide relief and be appropriate.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Budesonide inhalation suspension is an inhaled corticosteroid indicated for:
Maintenance treatment of asthma and as
prophylactic therapy in children 12 months to 8 years of age (1)
Limitations of Use:
Not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm (1)
1.1 Maintenance Treatment of Asthma
Budesonide inhalation suspension is indicated for the maintenance treatment of asthma and as prophylactic therapy in children 12 months to 8 years of age.
Limitations of Use:
Budesonide
inhalation suspension is NOT indicated for the relief of acute
bronchospasm.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of Naproxen Delayed-Release Tablets USP and other treatment options before deciding to use Naproxen Delayed-Release Tablets USP. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals (see
WARNINGS
).
Naproxen Delayed-Release Tablets USP are indicated:
For the relief of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
For the relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis
For the relief of the signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis
For the relief of the signs and symptoms of juvenile arthritis
Naproxen, USP as naproxen suspension is recommended for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in order to obtain the maximum dosage flexibility based on the patients weight.
Naproxen Delayed-Release Tablets USP are not recommended for initial treatment of acute pain because the absorption of naproxen, USP is delayed compared to absorption from other naproxen-containing products (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
and
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
).
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Gabapentin is indicated for:
Management of postherpetic neuralgia in adults
Adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures, with and without secondary generalization, in adults and pediatric patients 3 years and older with epilepsy
Gabapentin is indicated for:
Postherpetic neuralgia in adults (
1)
Adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures, with and without secondary generalization, in adults and pediatric patients 3 years and older with epilepsy (
1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Phenazopyridine HCl is indicated for the symptomatic relief of pain, burning, urgency frequency, and other discomforts arising from irritation of the mucosa of the lower urinary tract caused by infection, trauma, surgery, endoscopic procedures, or the passage of sounds or catheters.
The use of phenazopyridine for relief of symptoms should not delay definitive diagnosis and treatment of causative conditions. The drug should be used for symptomatic relief of pain and not as a substitute for specific surgery or antimicrobial therapy.
Phenazopyridine is compatible with antimicrobial therapy and can help relieve pain and discomfort during the interval before antimicrobial therapy controls the infection.
Treatment of a urinary tract infection with phenazopyridine should not exceed 2 days. There is no evidence that the combined administration of phenazopyridine and an antimicrobial provides greater benefit than administration of the antimicrobial alone after 2 days. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)