um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Cephalexin for oral suspension, USPis a cephalosporin antibacterial drug indicated for the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible isolates of designated bacteria:
Respiratory tract infection (
1.1)
Otitis media (
1.2)
Skin and skin structure infections (
1.3)
Bone infections (
1.4)
Genitourinary tract infections (
1.5)
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Cephalexin for oral suspension, USPand other antibacterial drugs, Cephalexin for oral suspension, USPshould be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. (
1.6)
1.1 Respiratory Tract Infections
Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible isolates of
Streptococcus pneumoniae and
Streptococcus pyogenes.
1.2 Otitis Media
Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of otitis media caused by susceptible isolates of
Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Haemophilus influenzae,
Staphylococcus aureus,
Streptococcus pyogenes, and
Moraxella catarrhalis.
1.3 Skin and Skin Structure Infections
Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible isolates of the following Gram-positive bacteria:
Staphylococcus aureus and
Streptococcus pyogenes.
1.4 Bone Infections
Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of bone infections caused by susceptible isolates of
Staphylococcus aureus and
Proteus mirabilis.
1.5 Genitourinary Tract Infections
Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of genitourinary tract infections, including acute prostatitis, caused by susceptible isolates of
Escherichia coli,
Proteus mirabilis, and
Klebsiella pneumoniae.
1.6 Usage
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Cephalexin for oral suspension, USPand other antibacterial drugs, Cephalexin for oral suspension, USPshould be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information is available, this information should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
GRALISE is indicated for the management of postherpetic neuralgia.
GRALISE is not interchangeable with other gabapentin products because
of differing pharmacokinetic profiles that affect the frequency of
administration.
GRALISE is indicated for the management of Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN).
Important Limitation: GRALISE is not interchangeable with other gabapentin products because of differing pharmacokinetic profiles that affect the frequency of administration
(See
Warnings and Precautions)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Cephalexin capsules are indicated for the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms:Respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes (Penicillin is the usual drug of choice in the treatment and prevention of streptococcal infections, including the prophylaxis of rheumatic fever. Cephalexincapsules aregenerally effective in the eradication of streptococci from the nasopharynx; however, substantial data establishing the efficacy of cephalexin capsulesin the subsequent prevention of rheumatic fever are not available at present.)Otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Moraxella catarrhalis
Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and/or Streptococcus pyogenes
Bone infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and/or Proteus mirabilis
Genitourinary tract infections, including acute prostatitis, caused by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Note
Culture and susceptibility tests should be initiated prior to and during therapy. Renal function studies should be performed when indicated.To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of cephalexin and other antibacterial drugs, cephalexin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Betaine Anhydrous for Oral Solution is indicated for the treatment of homocystinuria to decrease elevated homocysteine blood concentrations in pediatric and adult patients. Included within the category of homocystinuria are
Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) deficiency
5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency
Cobalamin cofactor metabolism (cbl) defect
Betaine Anhydrous for Oral Solution is a methylating agent indicated in pediatric and adult patients for the treatment of homocystinuria to decrease elevated homocysteine blood concentrations. Included within the category of homocystinuria are (1):
Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) deficiency
5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency
Cobalamin cofactor metabolism (cbl) defect
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Adrenalin is available as a single-use 1 mL vial for intramuscular and subcutaneous use.
Emergency treatment of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, which may result from allergic reactions to insect stings, biting insects, foods, drugs, sera, diagnostic testing substances and other allergens, as well as idiopathic anaphylaxis or exercise-induced anaphylaxis. The signs and symptoms associated with anaphylaxis include flushing, apprehension, syncope, tachycardia, thready or unobtainable pulse associated with hypotension, convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps, involuntary voiding, airway swelling, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, pruritus, urticaria or angioedema, swelling of the eyelids, lips, and tongue.
Adrenalin is a non-selective alpha and beta adrenergic agonist indicated for:
Emergency treatment of allergic reactions (Type 1), including anaphylaxis as well as idiopathic anaphylaxis or exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Metronidazole topical cream is indicated for topical application in the treatment of inflammatory papules and pustules of rosacea.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Lamotrigine is an antiepileptic drug (AED) indicated for:
Epilepsyadjunctive therapy in patients
2 years of age: (1.1)
partial seizures.
primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
generalized seizures of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Epilepsymonotherapy in patients 16 years of age: conversion to monotherapy in patients with partial seizures who are receiving treatment with carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, or valproate as the single AED. (1.1)
Bipolar Disorder in patients 18 years of age: maintenance treatment of Bipolar I Disorder to delay the time to occurrence of mood episodes in patients treated for acute mood episodes with standard therapy. (1.2)
1.1 Epilepsy
Adjunctive Therapy: Lamotrigine tablets are indicated as adjunctive therapy for the following seizure types in patients 2 years of age:
partial seizures
primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures
generalized seizures of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Monotherapy: Lamotrigine tablets are indicated for conversion to monotherapy in adults (16 years of age) with partial seizures who are receiving treatment with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, or valproate as the single antiepileptic drug (AED).
Safety and effectiveness of Lamotrigine have not been established (1) as initial monotherapy; (2) for conversion to monotherapy from AEDs other than carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, or valproate; or (3) for simultaneous conversion to monotherapy from 2 or more concomitant AEDs.
1.2 Bipolar Disorder
Lamotrigine tablets are indicated for the maintenance treatment of Bipolar I Disorder to delay the time to occurrence of mood episodes (depression, mania, hypomania, mixed episodes) in adults (18 years of age) treated for acute mood episodes with standard therapy. The effectiveness of Lamotrigine in the acute treatment of mood episodes has not been established.
The effectiveness of Lamotrigine as maintenance treatment was established in 2 placebo-controlled trials in patients with Bipolar I Disorder as defined by DSM-IV [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. The physician who elects to prescribe Lamotrigine for periods extending beyond 16 weeks should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
1.1 Major Depressive Disorder
Escitalopram tablet, is indicated for the acute and maintenance treatment of major depressive disorder in adults and in adolescents 12 to 17 years of age [
see Clinical Studies (
14.1)
].
A major depressive episode (DSM-IV) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation.
1.2 Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Escitalopram tablet, is indicated for the acute treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in adults [
see Clinical Studies (
14.2)
].
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) that is persistent for at least 6 months and which the person finds difficult to control. It must be associated with at least 3 of the following symptoms: restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating or mind going blank, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
IMPORTANT NOTICE:
Oxytocin Injection, USP (synthetic) is indicated for the medical rather than the elective induction of labor. Available data and information are inadequate to define the benefits to risks considerations in the use of the drug product for elective induction. Elective induction of labor is defined as the initiation of labor for convenience in an individual with a term pregnancy who is free of medical indications.
Antepartum
Oxytocin injection (synthetic) is indicated for the initiation or improvement of uterine contractions, where this is desirable and considered suitable, in order to achieve early vaginal delivery for fetal or maternal reasons. It is indicated for (1) induction of labor in patients with a medical indication for the initiation of labor, such as Rh problems, maternal diabetes, pre-eclampsia at or near term, when delivery is in the best interest of mother and fetus or when membranes are prematurely ruptured and delivery is indicated; (2) stimulation or reinforcement of labor, as in selected cases of uterine inertia; (3) adjunctive therapy in the management of incomplete or inevitable abortion. In the first trimester, curettage is generally considered primary therapy. In second trimester abortion, oxytocin infusion will often be successful in emptying the uterus. Other means of therapy, however, may be required in such cases.
Postpartum
Oxytocin injection (synthetic) is indicated to produce uterine contractions during the third stage of labor and to control postpartum bleeding or hemorrhage.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Benzphetamine hydrochloride tablets are indicated in the management of exogenous obesity as a short term (a few weeks) adjunct in a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction in patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher who have not responded to appropriate weight reducing regimen (diet and/or exercise) alone. Below is a chart of Body Mass Index (BMI) based on various heights and weights. BMI is calculated by taking the patient's weight, in kilograms (kg), divided by the patient's height, in meters (m), squared. Metric conversions are as follows: pounds
2.2 = kg; inches
0.0254 = meters. The limited usefulness of agents of this class (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY) should be weighed against possible risks inherent in their use such as those described below.
BODY MASS INDEX (BMI), kg/m2 Height (feet, inches)
Weight Pounds
Height (feet, inches)
5'0"
5'3"
5'6"
5'9"
6'0"
6'3"
140
27
25
23
21
19
18
150
29
27
24
22
20
19
160
31
28
26
24
22
20
170
33
30
28
25
23
21
180
35
32
29
27
25
23
190
37
34
31
28
26
24
200
39
36
32
30
27
25
210
41
37
34
31
29
26
220
43
39
36
33
30
28
230
45
41
37
34
31
29
240
47
43
39
36
33
30
250
49
44
40
37
34
31
Benzphetamine hydrochloride tablets are indicated for use as monotherapy only.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets are indicated for:
Pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets are a proton pump inhibitor indicated for the following:
Short-Term Treatment of Erosive Esophagitis Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) (1.1)
Maintenance of Healing of Erosive Esophagitis (1.2)
Pathological Hypersecretory Conditions Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (1.3)
1.1 Short-Term Treatment of Erosive Esophagitis Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets are indicated in adults for the short-term treatment (up to 8 weeks) in the healing and symptomatic relief of erosive esophagitis. For those adult patients who have not healed after 8 weeks of treatment, an additional 8 week course of pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets may be considered. Safety of treatment beyond 8 weeks in pediatric patients has not been established.
Pediatric indication and usage information in pediatric patients ages five years and older with erosive esophagitis associated with GERD is approved for Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc.s pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets. However, due to Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc.s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
1.2 Maintenance of Healing of Erosive Esophagitis
Pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets are indicated for maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis and reduction in relapse rates of daytime and nighttime heartburn symptoms in adult patients with GERD. Controlled studies did not extend beyond 12 months.
1.3 Pathological Hypersecretory Conditions Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Pantoprazole sodium delayed-release tablets are indicated for the long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions, including Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
GAMIFANT is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric (newborn and older) patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance with conventional HLH therapy.
GAMIFANT is an interferon gamma (IFN) blocking antibody indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric (newborn and older) patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance with conventional HLH therapy. (1)
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Levocetirizine dihydrochloride is a histamine H
1-receptor antagonist indicated for:
The treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria (
1.2)
1.2 Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria
Levocetirizine dihydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children 6 years of age and older.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Zolpidem tartrate tablets, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A agonist, are indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep initiation. Zolpidem tartrate tablets have been shown to decrease sleep latency for up to 35 days in controlled clinical studies. (1)
Zolpidem tartrate tablets are indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep initiation. Zolpidem tartrate tablets have been shown to decrease sleep latency for up to 35 days in controlled clinical studies [see Clinical Studies (14)].
The clinical trials performed in support of efficacy were 4 to 5 weeks in duration with the final formal assessments of sleep latency performed at the end of treatment.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Colesevelam hydrochloride is a bile acid sequestrant indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to:
reduce elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in adults with primary hyperlipidemia (1.1).
reduce LDL-C levels in boys and postmenarchal girls, 10 to 17 years of age, with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), unable to reach LDL-C target levels despite an adequate trial of diet and lifestyle modification (1.1).
improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (1.2).
Limitations of Use (1.3):
Do not use for treatment of type 1 diabetes or for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Not studied in Fredrickson Type I, III, IV, and V dyslipidemias
1.1	Primary Hyperlipidemia
Colesevelam hydrochloride is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to reduce elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in adults with primary hyperlipidemia.
Colesevelam hydrochloride is indicated to reduce LDL-C levels in boys and postmenarchal girls, 10 to 17 years of age, with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) who are unable to reach LDL-C target levels despite an adequate trial of dietary therapy and lifestyle modification.
1.2	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Colesevelam hydrochloride is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
1.3	Limitations of Use
Colesevelam hydrochloride should not be used for the treatment of type 1 diabetes or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Colesevelam hydrochloride has not been studied in Fredrickson Type I, III, IV, and V dyslipidemias.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE:
Butalbital, Aspirin and Caffeine Tablets are indicated for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction) headache.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Plavix is a P2Y12 platelet inhibitor indicated for:
Acute coronary syndrome
For patients with nonST-segment elevation ACS (unstable angina [UA]/nonST-elevation myocardial infarction [NSTEMI]), Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. (1.1)
For patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of MI and stroke. (1.1)
Recent MI, recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease. Plavix has been shown to reduce the rate of MI and stroke. (1.2)
1.1 Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Plavix is indicated to reduce the rate of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke
in patients with nonST-segment elevation ACS (unstable angina [UA]/nonST-elevation myocardial infarction [NSTEMI]), including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with coronary revascularization. Plavix should be administered in conjunction with aspirin.
Plavix is indicated to reduce the rate of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who are to be managed medically. Plavix should be administered in conjunction with aspirin.
1.2 Recent MI, Recent Stroke, or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease
In patients with established peripheral arterial disease or with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI) or recent stroke Plavix is indicated to reduce the rate of MI and stroke.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Terazosin capsules are indicated for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There is a rapid response, with approximately 70% of patients experiencing an increase in urinary flow and improvement in symptoms of BPH when treated with terazosin capsules. The long-term effects of terazosin capsules on the incidence of surgery, acute urinary obstruction or other complications of BPH are yet to be determined.
Terazosin capsules are also indicated for the treatment of hypertension. Terazosin capsules can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents such as diuretics or beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Isosorbide Mononitrate Extended-Release Tablets, USP are indicated for the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease. The onset of action of oral isosorbide mononitrate is not sufficiently rapid for this product to be useful in aborting an acute anginal episode.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
APRISO capsules are indicated for the maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis in patients 18 years of age and older.
APRISO is a locally-acting aminosalicylate indicated for the maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis in adults. (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Alprazolam extended-release tablets USP are indicated for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia.
This claim is supported on the basis of two positive studies with alprazolam extended-release tablets USP conducted in patients whose diagnoses corresponded closely to the DSM-III-R/IV criteria for panic disorder (see
CLINICAL EFFICACY TRIALS
).
Panic disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, i.e., a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which four (or more) of the following symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes: (1) palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate; (2) sweating; (3) trembling or shaking; (4) sensations of shortness of breath or smothering; (5) feeling of choking; (6) chest pain or discomfort; (7) nausea or abdominal distress; (8) feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded, or faint; (9) derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (being detached from oneself); (10) fear of losing control; (11) fear of dying; (12) paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations); (13) chills or hot flushes.
The longer-term efficacy of alprazolam extended-release tablets USP has not been systematically evaluated. Thus, the physician who elects to use this drug for periods longer than 8 weeks should periodically reassess the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Mycophenolic acid is an antimetabolite immunosuppressant indicated for prophylaxis of organ rejection in adult patients receiving kidney transplants and in pediatric patients at least 5 years of age and older who are at least 6 months post kidney transplant. (
1.1)
Use in combination with cyclosporine and corticosteroids. (
1.1)
Limitations of Use:
Mycophenolic acid delayed-release tablets and mycophenolate mofetil tablets and capsules should not be used interchangeably. (
1.2)
1.1 Prophylaxis of Organ Rejection in Kidney Transplant
Mycophenolic acid delayed release tablets are indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in adult patients receiving a kidney transplant.
Mycophenolic acid delayed release tablets are indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in pediatric patients 5 years of age and older who are at least 6 months post kidney transplant.
Mycophenolic acid delayed release tablet is to be used in combination with cyclosporine and corticosteroids.
1.2 Limitations of Use
Mycophenolic acid delayed release tablets and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) tablets and capsules should not be used interchangeably without physician supervision because the rate of absorption following the administration of these two products is not equivalent.