um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Ampicillin for Injection, USP is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the following conditions:
Respiratory Tract Infections caused by
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and nonpenicillinase-producing),
H. influenzae, and Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.
Bacterial Meningitis caused by
E. coli, Group B
streptococci, and
other
Gram-negative
bacteria (
Listeria monocytogenes, N. meningitidis). The addition of an aminoglycoside with ampicillin may increase its effectiveness against Gram-negative bacteria.
Septicemia and Endocarditis caused by susceptible Gram-positive organisms including
Streptococcus spp., penicillin G-susceptible staphylococci, and enterococci. Gram-negative sepsis caused by
E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and
Salmonella spp. responds to ampicillin. Endocarditis due to enterococcal strains usually respond to intravenous therapy. The addition of an aminoglycoside
may
enhance
the effectiveness of ampicillin when treating streptococcal endocarditis.
Urinary Tract Infections caused by sensitive strains of
E. coli and
Proteus mirabilis.
Gastrointestinal Infections caused by
Salmonella typhi (typhoid fever), other
Salmonella spp., and
Shigella spp. (dysentery) usually respond to oral or intravenous therapy.
Bacteriology studies to determine the causative
organisms
and their susceptibility to
ampicillin should be performed. Therapy may be instituted prior to obtaining results of susceptibility testing. It is advisable to reserve the parenteral form of this drug
for moderately severe and severe infections
and for patients who are unable to take the oral forms. A change to oral ampicillin may be made as soon as appropriate.
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Ampicillin for Injection, USP and
other
antibacterial
drugs, Ampicillin for Injection, USP should be
used only to
treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
Indicated surgical procedures should be performed.
Indications and Usage
Tretinoin gel and cream are indicated for topical application in the treatment of acne vulgaris. The safety and efficacy of the long-term use of this product in the treatment of other disorders have not been established.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Lidocaine and Prilocaine Cream USP, 2.5%/2.5%
(a eutectic mixture of lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) is indicated as a topical anesthetic for use on:
-
normal intact skin for local analgesia.
-
Genital mucous membranes for superficial minor surgery and as pretreatment for infiltration anesthesia.
Lidocaine and prilocaine cream, 2.5%/2.5% is not recommended in any clinical situation when penetration or migration beyond the tympanic membrane into the middle ear is possible because of the ototoxic effect observed in animal studies (see
WARNINGS
).
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Zolpidem Tartrate Tablets are indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep initiation. Zolpidem Tartrate Tablets has been shown to decrease sleep latency for up to 35 days in controlled clinical studies [see Clinical Studies (14)].
The clinical trials performed in support of efficacy were 4 to5 weeks in duration with the final formal assessments of sleep latency performed at the end of treatment.
Zolpidem Tartrate Tablets, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A agonist, is indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep initiation. Ambien has been shown to decrease sleep latency for up to 35 days in controlled clinical studies. (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of depression. The efficacy of trazodone HCl has been demonstrated in both inpatient and outpatient settings and for depressed patients with and without prominent anxiety. The depressive illness of patients studied corresponds to the Major Depressive Episode criteria of the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, lll.a
Major Depressive Episode implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least two weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least four of the following eight symptoms: change in appetite, change in sleep, psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of interest in usual activities or decrease in sexual drive, increased fatigability, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, and suicidal ideation or attempts.
Indications and Usage:
Aids in the prevention of dental decay. Helps prevent gingivitis. Helps control plaque bacteria. Increases protection against painful tooth sensitivity. This product mist be used under the supervision of a dentist.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
IBRANCE is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer in combination with:
an aromatase inhibitor as initial endocrine-based therapy in postmenopausal women or in men; or
fulvestrant in patients with disease progression following endocrine therapy.
IBRANCE is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of adult patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer in combination with:
an aromatase inhibitor as initial endocrine-based therapy in postmenopausal women or in men (1); or
fulvestrant in patients with disease progression following endocrine therapy. (1)
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Memantine hydrochloride USP is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia of the Alzheimers type.
Memantine hydrochloride is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia of the Alzheimer's type. (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
SILIQ is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adult patients who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy and have failed to respond or have lost response to other systemic therapies.
SILIQ is a human interleukin-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adult patients who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy and have failed to respond or have lost response to other systemic therapies. (1)
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Sildenafil tablets are indicated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group I) in adults to improve exercise ability and delay clinical worsening. The delay in clinical worsening was demonstrated when sildenafil tablets were added to background epoprostenol therapy
[see Clinical Studies (14)].
Studies establishing effectiveness were short-term (12 to 16 weeks), and included predominately patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class II to III symptoms and idiopathic etiology (71%) or associated with connective tissue disease (CTD) (25%).
Limitation of Use: Adding sildenafil to bosentan therapy does not result in any beneficial effect on exercise capacity
[see Clinical Studies (
14)].
Sildenafil tablets are a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (WHO Group I) in adults to improve exercise ability and delay clinical worsening. Studies establishing effectiveness were short-term (12 to 16 weeks), and included predominately patients with NYHA Functional Class II to III symptoms. Etiologies were idiopathic (71%) or associated with connective tissue disease (25%). (
1)
Limitation of Use: Adding sildenafil to bosentan therapy does not result in any beneficial effect on exercise capacity. (
1,
14)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Oxacillin is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by penicillinase producing staphylococci which have demonstrated susceptibility to the drug. Cultures and susceptibility tests should be performed initially to determine the causative organism and its susceptibility to the drug. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY - Susceptibility Test Methods.)
Oxacillin may be used to initiate therapy in suspected cases of resistant staphylococcal infections prior to the availability of susceptibility test results. Oxacillin should not be used in infections caused by organisms susceptible to penicillin G. If the susceptibility tests indicate that the infection is due to an organism other than a resistant Staphylococcus, therapy should not be continued with oxacillin.
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Oxacillin Injection, USP and other antibacterial drugs, Oxacillin Injection, USP should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
CLARINEX is indicated for the relief of the nasal and non-nasal symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients 2 years of age and older.
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
CLARINEX is indicated for the relief of the nasal and non-nasal symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis in patients 6 months of age and older.
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria
CLARINEX is indicated for the symptomatic relief of pruritus, reduction in the number of hives, and size of hives, in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria 6 months of age and older.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Famotidine Injection, supplied as a concentrated solution for intravenous injection, is intended for intravenous use only.
Famotidine Injection is indicated in some hospitalized patients with pathological hypersecretory conditions or intractable ulcers, or as an alternative to the oral dosage forms for short term use in patients who are unable to take oral medication for the following conditions:
Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcer.
Most adult patients heal within 4 weeks; there is rarely reason to use famotidine at full dosage for longer than 6 to 8 weeks.
Studies have not assessed the safety of famotidine in uncomplicated active duodenal ulcer for periods of more than 8 weeks.
Maintenance therapy for duodenal ulcer patients at reduced dosage after healing of an active ulcer. Controlled studies in adults have not extended beyond one year.
Short term treatment of active benign gastric ulcer.
Most adult patients heal within 6 weeks.
Studies have not assessed the safety or efficacy of famotidine in uncomplicated active benign gastric ulcer for periods of more than 8 weeks.
Short term treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Famotidine is indicated for short term treatment of patients with symptoms of GERD (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS, Clinical Studies
).
Famotidine is also indicated for the short term treatment of esophagitis due to GERD including erosive or ulcerative disease diagnosed by endoscopy (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS, Clinical Studies
).
Treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions (e.g., Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, multiple endocrine adenomas) (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS, Clinical Studies
).
Indications and Usage
Seizure Disorders
Clonazepam tablets USP are useful alone or as an adjunct in the treatment of the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (petit mal variant), akinetic and myoclonic seizures. In patients with absence seizures (petit mal) who have failed to respond to succinimides, clonazepam tablets USP may be useful.
In some studies, up to 30% of patients have shown a loss of anticonvulsant activity, often within 3 months of administration. In some cases, dosage adjustment may reestablish efficacy.
Panic Disorder
Clonazepam tablts USP are indicated for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia, as defined in DSM-IV. Panic disorder is characterized by the occurrence of unexpected panic attacks and associated concern about having additional attacks, worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks, and/or a significant change in behavior related to the attacks.
The efficacy of clonazepam tablets USP was established in two 6 to 9 week trials in panic disorder patients whose diagnoses corresponded to the DSM-IIIR category of panic disorder (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Clinical Trials).
Panic disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, i.e., a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which four (or more) of the following symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes: (1) palpitations, pounding heart or accelerated heart rate; (2) sweating; (3) trembling or shaking; (4) sensations of shortness of breath or smothering; (5) feeling of choking; (6) chest pain or discomfort; (7) nausea or abdominal distress; (8) feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded or faint; (9) derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (being detached from oneself); (10) fear of losing control; (11) fear of dying; (12) paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations); (13) chills or hot flushes.
The effectiveness of clonazepam tablets USP in long-term use, that is, for more than 9 weeks, has not been systematically studied in controlled clinical trials. The physician who elects to use clonazepam tablets USP for extended periods should periodically reevaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Colesevelam hydrochloride is a bile acid sequestrant indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to:
reduce elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in adults with primary hyperlipidemia (1.1).
reduce LDL-C levels in boys and postmenarchal girls, 10 to 17 years of age, with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), unable to reach LDL-C target levels despite an adequate trial of diet and lifestyle modification (1.1).
improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (1.2).
Limitations of Use (1.3)
Do not use for treatment of type 1 diabetes or for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Not studied in Fredrickson Type I, III, IV, and V.
1.1 Primary Hyperlipidemia
Colesevelam hydrochloride tablets are indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to reduce elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in adults with primary hyperlipidemia.
Colesevelam hydrochloride tablets are indicated to reduce LDL-C levels in boys and postmenarchal girls, 10 to 17 years of age, with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) who are unable to reach LDL-C target levels despite an adequate trial of dietary therapy and lifestyle modification.
1.2 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Colesevelam hydrochloride is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
1.3 Limitations of Use
Colesevelam hydrochloride should not be used for the treatment of type 1 diabetes or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Colesevelam hydrochloride has not been studied in Fredrickson Type I, III, IV, and V dyslipidemias.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Fentanyl Citrate Injection is indicated for:
analgesic action of short duration during the anesthetic periods, premedication, induction and maintenance, and in the immediate postoperative period (recovery room) as the need arises.
use as a narcotic analgesic supplement in general or regional anesthesia.
administration with a neuroleptic as an anesthetic premedication, for the induction of anesthesia and as an adjunct in the maintenance of general and regional anesthesia.
use as an anesthetic agent with oxygen in selected high risk patients, such as those undergoing open heart surgery or certain complicated neurological or orthopedic procedures.
Fentanyl Citrate Injection is an opioid agonist indicated for: (1)
analgesic action of short duration during the anesthetic periods, premedication, induction and maintenance, and in the immediate postoperative period (recovery room) as the need arises.
use as an opioid analgesic supplement in general or regional anesthesia.
administration with a neuroleptic as an anesthetic premedication, for the induction of anesthesia and as an adjunct in the maintenance of general and regional anesthesia.
use as an anesthetic agent with oxygen in selected high risk patients, such as those undergoing open heart surgery or certain complicated neurological or orthopedic procedures.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Clorazepate dipotassium tablets are indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. Anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic.
Clorazepate dipotassium tablets are indicated as adjunctive therapy in the management of partial seizures.
The effectiveness of clorazepate dipotassium tablets in long-term management of anxiety, that is, more than 4 months, has not been assessed by systematic clinical studies. Long-term studies in epileptic patients, however, have shown continued therapeutic activity. The physician should reassess periodically the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
Clorazepate dipotassium tablets are indicated for the symptomatic relief of acute alcohol withdrawal.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia.
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a potassium binder indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia (1).
Limitation of Use:
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate should not be used as an emergency treatment for life threatening hyperkalemia because of its delayed onset of action (1).
Limitation of Use:
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate should not be used as an emergency treatment for life-threatening hyperkalemia because of its delayed onset of action [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].
Uses
temporarily relieves these symptoms due to hay fever or other upper respiratory allergies:
runny nose
sneezing
itchy, watery eyes
itching of the nose or throat
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Zolpidem tartrate tablets are indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep initiation. Zolpidem tartrate tablets have been shown to decrease sleep latency for up to 35 days in controlled clinical studies [see Clinical Studies (14)].
The clinical trials performed in support of efficacy were 4 to 5 weeks in duration with the final formal assessments of sleep latency performed at the end of treatment.
Zolpidem tartrate tablets, agamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A agonist, are indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep initiation.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of:
erectile dysfunction (ED) (
1.1).
the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
(1.2).
ED and the signs and symptoms of BPH (ED/BPH)
(1.3).
If tadalafil is used with finasteride to initiate BPH treatment, such use is recommended for up to 26 weeks
(1.4).
1.1 Erectile Dysfunction
Tadalafil tablets are indicated for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).
1.2 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Tadalafil tablets are indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
1.3 Erectile Dysfunction and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Tadalafil tablets are indicated for the treatment of ED and the signs and symptoms of BPH (ED/BPH).
1.4 Limitation of Use
If tadalafil tablets are used with finasteride to initiate BPH treatment, such use is recommended for up to 26 weeks because the incremental benefit of tadalafil tablets decreases from 4 weeks until 26 weeks, and the incremental benefit of tadalafil tablets beyond 26 weeks is unknown
[see
Clinical Studies (14.3)]
.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
XYWAV is a central nervous system depressant indicated for the treatment of:
Cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients 7years of age and older with narcolepsy (1.1).
Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IH) in adults (1.2).
1.1 Narcolepsy
XYWAV is indicated for the treatment of cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients 7years of age and older with narcolepsy.
1.2 Idiopathic Hypersomnia
XYWAV is indicated for the treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) in adults.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Loryna(drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol tablets) is an estrogen/progestin COC, indicated for use by women to:
Prevent pregnancy. (1.1)
Treat symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) for women who choose to use an oral contraceptive for contraception. (1.2)
Treat moderate acne for women at least 14 years old only if the patient desires an oral contraceptive for birth control. (1.3)
1.1 Oral Contraceptive
Loryna(drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol tablets) are indicated for use by women to prevent pregnancy.
1.2 Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Loryna is also indicated for the treatment of symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in women who choose to use an oral contraceptive as their method of contraception. The effectiveness of Lorynafor PMDD when used for more than three menstrual cycles has not been evaluated.
The essential features of PMDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-4th edition (DSM-IV) include markedly depressed mood, anxiety or tension, affective lability, and persistent anger or irritability. Other features include decreased interest in usual activities, difficulty concentrating, lack of energy, change in appetite or sleep, and feeling out of control. Physical symptoms associated with PMDD include breast tenderness, headache, joint and muscle pain, bloating and weight gain. In this disorder, these symptoms occur regularly during the luteal phase and remit within a few days following onset of menses; the disturbance markedly interferes with work or school, or with usual social activities and relationships with others. Diagnosis is made by healthcare providers according to DSM-IV criteria, with symptomatology assessed prospectively over at least two menstrual cycles. In making the diagnosis, care should be taken to rule out other cyclical mood disorders.
Lorynahas not been evaluated for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
1.3 Acne
Lorynatablets are indicated for the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris in women at least 14 years of age, who have no known contraindications to oral contraceptive therapy and have achieved menarche. Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol tablets should be used for the treatment of acne only if the patient desires an oral contraceptive for birth control.