um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Citalopram HBr Tablets are indicated for the treatment of depression.
The efficacy of Citalopram HBr Tablets in the treatment of depression was established in 4-6 week, controlled trials of outpatients whose diagnosis corresponded most closely to the DSM-III and DSM-III-R category of major depressive disorder (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
).
A major depressive episode (DSM-lV) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation.
The antidepressant action of Citalopram HBr Tablets in hospitalized depressed patients has not been adequately studied. The efficacy of Citalopram HBr Tablets in maintaining an antidepressant response for up to 24 weeks following 6 to 8 weeks of acute treatment was demonstrated in two placebo-controlled trials (see
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
). Nevertheless, the physician who elects to use Citalopram HBr Tablets for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Permethrin cream, 5% is indicated for the treatment of infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies).
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Duloxetinedelayed-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of:
Major Depressive Disorder [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]
Generalized Anxiety Disorder [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain [see Clinical Studies (14.5)]
Duloxetineis a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) indicated for:
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (1)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) (1)
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain (DPNP) (1)
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is indicated
for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction)
headache.
Evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and
Caffeine Tablets USP in the treatment of multiple recurrent headaches is
unavailable. Caution in this regard is required because butalbital is
habit-forming and potentially abusable.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Tramadol hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the management of pain in adults that is severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate.
Limitations of Use
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses (
see WARNINGS), reserve tramadol hydrochloride tablets for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics]:
Have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated.
Have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsule, is a proton pump inhibitor indicated for the following:
Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
(1.1)
Risk reduction of NSAID-associated gastric ulcer
(1.2)
H. pylori eradication to reduce the risk of duodenal ulcer recurrence.
(1.3)
Pathological hypersecretory conditions, including Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
(1.4)
1.1 Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Healing of Erosive Esophagitis
Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules are indicated for the short-term treatment (4 to 8 weeks) in the healing and symptomatic resolution of diagnostically confirmed erosive esophagitis. For those patients who have not healed after 4 to 8 weeks of treatment, an additional 4 to 8 week course of esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules may be considered.
Maintenance of Healing of Erosive
Esophagitis
Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules are indicated to maintain symptom resolution and healing of erosive esophagitis. Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months.
Symptomatic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules are indicated for short-term treatment (4 to 8 weeks) of heartburn and other symptoms associated with GERD in adults and children 1 year or older.
1.2 Risk Reduction of NSAID-Associated Gastric Ulcer
Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules are indicated for the reduction in the occurrence of gastric ulcers associated with continuous NSAID therapy in patients at risk for developing gastric ulcers. Patients are considered to be at risk due to their age ( 60) and/or documented history of gastric ulcers. Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months.
1.3 H. pylori Eradication to Reduce the Risk of Duodenal Ulcer Recurrence
Triple Therapy (esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules plus amoxicillin and clarithromycin): Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules, in combination with amoxicillin and clarithromycin, is indicated for the treatment of patients with
H. pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease (active or history of within the past 5 years) to eradicate
H. pylori. Eradication of
H. pylori has been shown to reduce the risk of duodenal ulcer recurrence
[see Dosage and Administration
(2) and Clinical Studies
(14)].
In patients who fail therapy, susceptibility testing should be done. If resistance to clarithromycin is demonstrated or susceptibility testing is not possible, alternative antimicrobial therapy should be instituted
[see Clinical Pharmacology
(12.4)
and the prescribing information for clarithromycin].
1.4 Pathological Hypersecretory Conditions Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Esomeprazole magnesium delayed-release capsules are indicated for the long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions, including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
XEPI is indicated for the topical treatment of impetigo due to Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes in adult and pediatric patients 2 months of age and older [see Clinical Studies (14)].
XEPI is a quinolone antimicrobial indicated for the topical treatment of impetigo due to Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes in adult and pediatric patients 2 months of age and older (1).
1. INDICATIONS AND USAGE
ZIPSOR is indicated for relief of mild to moderate acute pain in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older.
ZIPSOR is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indicated for relief of mild to moderate acute pain in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older. (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Nymyo is an estrogen/progestin COC, indicated for use by women to prevent pregnancy. (1.1)
1.1 Oral Contraceptive
Nymyo Tablets are indicated for use by females of reproductive potential to prevent pregnancy [see Clinical Studies (
14
)].
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Aminocaproic acid is useful in enhancing hemostasis when fibrinolysis contributes to bleeding. In life-threatening situations, transfusion of appropriate blood products and other emergency measures may be required.
Fibrinolytic bleeding may frequently be associated with surgical complications following heart surgery (with or without cardiac bypass procedures) and portacaval shunt; hematological disorders such as amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (accompanying aplastic anemia); acute and life-threatening abruptio placentae; hepatic cirrhosis; and neoplastic disease such as carcinoma of the prostate, lung, stomach, and cervix.
Urinary fibrinolysis, usually a normal physiological phenomenon, may contribute to excessive urinary tract fibrinolytic bleeding associated with surgical hematuria (following prostatectomy and nephrectomy) or nonsurgical hematuria (accompanying polycystic or neoplastic diseases of the genitourinary system). (See
WARNINGS
.)
INDICATIONS & USAGE
Verapamil Hydrochloride Injection, USP is indicated for the following:
Rapid conversion to sinus rhythm of paroxysmal
supraventricular tachycardias, including those associated with accessory bypass
tracts (Wolff-Parkinson-White [W-P-W] and Lown-Ganong- Levine [L-G-L]
syndromes). When clinically advisable, appropriate vagal maneuvers (e.g., Valsalva
maneuver) should be attempted prior to verapamil hydrochloride administration.
Temporary control of rapid ventricular
rate in atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation except when the atrial flutter
and/or atrial fibrillation are associated with accessory bypass tracts
(Wolff-Parkinson-White (W-P-W) and Lown-Ganong-Levine (L-G-L) syndromes)
In controlled studies in the United States, about 60% of patients with supraventricular tachycardia converted to normal sinus rhythm within 10 minutes after intravenous verapamil hydrochloride. Uncontrolled studies reported in the world literature describe a conversion rate of about 80%. About 70% of patients with atrial flutter and/or fibrillation with a faster ventricular rate respond with a decrease in ventricular rate of at least 20%. Conversion of atrial flutter or fibrillation to sinus rhythm is uncommon (about 10%) after verapamil hydrochloride and may reflect the spontaneous conversion rate, since the conversion rate after placebo was similar. Slowing of the ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter lasts 30 to 60 minutes after a single injection.
Because a small fraction (<1%) of patients treated with verapamil hydrochloride respond with life-threatening adverse responses (rapid ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation, and an accessory bypass tract, marked hypotension, or extreme bradycardia/asystole
see CONTRAINDICATIONS and WARNINGS), the initial use of verapamil hydrochloride injection should, if possible, be in a treatment setting with monitoring and resuscitation facilities, including D.C.-cardioversion capability (see ADVERSE REACTIONS, Suggested Treatment of Acute Cardiovascular Adverse Reactions). As familiarity with the patient's response is gained, use in an office setting may be acceptable.
Cardioversion has been used safely and effectively after verapamil hydrochloride injection.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) are an aminoketone antidepressant, indicated for:
treatment of major de pressive disorder (MDD) (
1.1)
prevention of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) (
1.2)
1.1 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM).
The efficacy of the immediate-release formulation of bupropion was established in two 4-week controlled inpatient trials and one 6-week controlled outpatient trial of adult patients with MDD. The efficacy of the sustained-release formulation of bupropion in the maintenance treatment of MDD was established in a long-term (up to 44 weeks), placebo-controlled trial in patients who had responded to bupropion in an 8-week study of acute treatment
[see
Clinical Studies (14.1)].
1.2 Seasonal Affective Disorde (SAD)
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) are indicated for the prevention of seasonal major depressive episodes in patients with a diagnosis of seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
The efficacy of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets in the prevention of seasonal major depressive episodes was established in 3 placebo-controlled trials in adult outpatients with a history of MDD with an autumn-winter seasonal pattern as defined in the DSM
[see
Clinical Studies (14.2)].
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Acetaminophen and Codeine Phosphate Tablets, USP are indicated for the management of mild to moderate pain, where treatment with an opioid is appropriate and for which alternative treatments are inadequate.
Limitations of Use
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse, with opioids, even at recommended doses [see WARNINGS], reserve Acetaminophen and Codeine Phosphate Tablets, USP for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics]
Have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia,
Have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated.
1. INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Therapy with lipid-altering agents should be only one component of multiple risk factor intervention in individuals at significantly increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. Drug therapy is indicated as an adjunct to diet when the response to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacologic measures alone has been inadequate. In patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) or at high risk of CHD, simvastatin can be started simultaneously with diet.
1.1 Reductions in Risk of CHD Mortality and Cardiovascular Events
In patients at high risk of coronary events because of existing coronary heart disease, diabetes, peripheral vessel disease, history of stroke or other cerebrovascular disease, simvastatin tablets, USP are indicated to:
Reduce the risk of total mortality by reducing CHD deaths.
Reduce the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction and stroke.
Reduce the need for coronary and non-coronary revascularization procedures.
1.2 Hyperlipidemia
Simvastatin tablets, USP are indicated to:
Reduce elevated total cholesterol (total-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and triglycerides (TG), and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in patients with primary hyperlipidemia (Fredrickson type IIa, heterozygous familial and nonfamilial) or mixed dyslipidemia (Fredrickson typeIIb).
Reduce elevated TG in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (Fredrickson typelV hyperlipidemia).
Reduce elevated TG and VLDL-C in patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (Fredrickson typeIII hyperlipidemia).
Reduce total-C and LDL-C in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering treatments (e.g., LDL apheresis) or if such treatments are unavailable.
1.3 Adolescent Patients with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HeFH)
Simvastatin tablets, USP are indicated as an adjunct to diet to reduce total-C, LDL-C, and Apo B levels in adolescent boys and girls who are at least one year post-menarche, 10-17 years of age, with HeFH, if after an adequate trial of diet therapy the following findings are present:
LDL cholesterol remains greater than or equal to 190mg/dL; or
LDL cholesterol remains greater than or equal to 160mg/dL and
There is a positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) or
Two or more other CVD risk factors are present in the adolescent patient.
The minimum goal of treatment in pediatric and adolescent patients is to achieve a mean LDL-C less than 130mg/dL. The optimal age at which to initiate lipid-lowering therapy to decrease the risk of symptomatic adulthood CAD has not been determined.
1.4 Limitations of Use
Simvastatin tablets, USP have not been studied in conditions where the major abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons (i.e., hyperlipidemia Fredrickson typesI andV).
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of cefprozil and other antibacterial drugs, cefprozil should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
Cefprozil for oral suspension is indicated for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below:
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
Pharyngitis/tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
NOTE: The usual drug of choice in the treatment and prevention of streptococcal infections, including the prophylaxis of rheumatic fever, is penicillin given by the intramuscular route. Cefprozil is generally effective in the eradication of Streptococcus pyogenes from the nasopharynx; however, substantial data establishing the efficacy of cefprozil in the subsequent prevention of rheumatic fever are not available at present.
Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase-producing strains), and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis (including -lactamase-producing strains). (See
CLINICAL STUDIES
.)
NOTE: In the treatment of otitis media due to -lactamase producing organisms, cefprozil had bacteriologic eradication rates somewhat lower than those observed with a product containing a specific -lactamase inhibitor. In considering the use of cefprozil, lower overall eradication rates should be balanced against the susceptibility patterns of the common microbes in a given geographic area and the increased potential for toxicity with products containing -lactamase inhibitors.
Acute Sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase-producing strains), and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis (including -lactamase-producing strains).
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase-producing strains), and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis (including -lactamase-producing strains).
SKIN AND SKIN STRUCTURE
Uncomplicated Skin and Skin-Structure Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains) and Streptococcus pyogenes. Abscesses usually require surgical drainage.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Methocarbamol Tablets USP, 500 mg and 750 mg are indicated as an adjunct to rest, physical therapy, and other measures for the relief of discomfort associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. The mode of action of methocarbamol has not been clearly identified, but may be related to its sedative properties. Methocarbamol does not directly relax tense skeletal muscles in man.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection is a relatively selective alpha2 -adrenergic agonist indicated for:
Sedation of non-intubated patients prior to and/or during surgical and other procedures. (1.2)
1.2 Procedural Sedation
Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection is indicated for sedation of non-intubated patients prior to and/or during surgical and other procedures.
INDICATIONS
Butalbital, Aspirin, and Caffeine Capsules, USP is indicated for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction) headache. Evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of Butalbital, Aspirin, and Caffeine Capsules, USP in the treatment of multiple recurrent headaches is unavailable. Caution in this regard is required because butalbital is habit-forming and potentially abusable.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
ARIDOL is indicated for the assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adult and pediatric patients 6 years of age or older who do not have clinically apparent asthma.
Limitations of Use:
ARIDOL is not a standalone test or a screening test for asthma. Bronchial challenge testing with ARIDOL should be used only as part of a physician's overall assessment of asthma.
ARIDOL is a sugar alcohol indicated for the assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adult and pediatric patients 6 years of age or older who do not have clinically apparent asthma.(1)
Limitations of Use: ARIDOL is not a standalone test or a screening test for asthma. Bronchial challenge testing with ARIDOL should be used only as part of a physician's overall assessment of asthma.
INDICATIONS FOR USETheramine is intended for the clinical dietary management of the metabolic processes of pain disorders and inflammatory conditions.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Lovenox is a low molecular weight heparin [LMWH] indicated for:
Prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in abdominal surgery, hip replacement surgery, knee replacement surgery, or medical patients with severely restricted mobility during acute illness (1.1)
Inpatient treatment of acute DVT with or without pulmonary embolism (1.2)
Outpatient treatment of acute DVT without pulmonary embolism. (1.2)
Prophylaxis of ischemic complications of unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction [MI] (1.3)
Treatment of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI] managed medically or with subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] (1.4)
1.1 Prophylaxis of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Lovenox is indicated for the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which may lead to pulmonary embolism (PE):
in patients undergoing abdominal surgery who are at risk for thromboembolic complications [see
Clinical Studies (14.1)
].
in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery, during and following hospitalization.
in patients undergoing knee replacement surgery.
in medical patients who are at risk for thromboembolic complications due to severely restricted mobility during acute illness.
1.2 Treatment of Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis
Lovenox is indicated for:
the inpatient treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism, when administered in conjunction with warfarin sodium.
the outpatient treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis without pulmonary embolism when administered in conjunction with warfarin sodium.
1.3 Prophylaxis of Ischemic Complications of Unstable Angina and Non-Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction
Lovenox is indicated for the prophylaxis of ischemic complications of unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction, when concurrently administered with aspirin.
1.4 Treatment of Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Lovenox, when administered concurrently with aspirin, has been shown to reduce the rate of the combined endpoint of recurrent myocardial infarction or death in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving thrombolysis and being managed medically or with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Duloxetine is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) indicated for:
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
(1)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
(GAD) (1)
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic
Pain (DPNP) (1)
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain (1)
Duloxetinedelayed-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of:
Major Depressive Disorder [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]
Generalized Anxiety Disorder [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain [see Clinical Studies (14.5)]
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Trandolapril and verapamil hydrochloride extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension.
This fixed combination drug is not indicated for the initial therapy of hypertension (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
).
In using trandolapril and verapamil hydrochloride extended-release tablets, consideration should be given to the fact that an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has caused agranulocytosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment or collagen vascular disease, and that available data are insufficient to show that trandolapril does not have similar risk (see
WARNINGS - Neutropenia/Agranulocytosis
).
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Loxapine capsules are indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. The efficacy of loxapine in schizophrenia was established in clinical studies which enrolled newly hospitalized and chronically hospitalized acutely ill schizophrenic patients as subjects.