um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium and other antibacterial drugs, amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium should be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium tablets, oral suspension and chewable tablets are a combination penicillin-class antibacterial and beta-lactamase inhibitor indicated in the treatment of infections due to susceptible isolates of the designated bacteria in the conditions listed below:
Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium tablets, oral suspension and chewable tablets are a combination penicillin-class antibacterial and beta-lactamase inhibitor indicated for treatment of the following:
Lower respiratory tract infections (
1.1)
Acute bacterial otitis media (
1.2)
Sinusitis (
1.3)
Skin and skin structure infections (
1.4)
Urinary tract infections (
1.5)
1.1 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Caused by beta-lactamaseproducing isolates of
Haemophilusinfluenzaeand
Moraxellacatarrhalis.
1.2 Acute Bacterial Otitis Media
Caused by beta-lactamaseproducing isolates of
H.influenzaeand
M.catarrhalis.
1.3 Sinusitis
Caused by beta-lactamaseproducing isolates of
H.influenzaeand
M.catarrhalis.
1.4 Skin and Skin Structure Infections
Caused by beta-lactamase producing isolates of
Staphylococcusaureus,
Escherichiacoli, and
Klebsiellaspecies.
1.5 Urinary Tract Infections
Caused by beta-lactamase producing isolates of
E.coli,
Klebsiellaspecies, and
Enterobacterspecies.
1.6 Limitations of Use
When susceptibility test results show susceptibility to amoxicillin, indicating no beta-lactamase production, amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium should not be used.
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Nevirapine tablets are indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in adults and pediatric patients 15 days and older [see Clinical Studies (14.1, 14.2)].
Limitations of Use:
Based on serious and life-threatening hepatotoxicity observed in controlled and uncontrolled trials, nevirapine tablets is not recommended to be initiated, unless the benefit outweighs the risk, in:
adult females with CD4+ cell counts greater than 250 cells/mm3 or
adult males with CD4+ cell counts greater than 400 cells/mm3
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Nevirapine tabletsare an NNRTI indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in adults and pediatric patients 15 days and older. (1)
Limitations of Use:
Based on serious and life-threatening hepatotoxicity observed in controlled and uncontrolled trials, nevirapine tablets is not recommended to be initiated, unless the benefit outweighs the risk, in:
adult females with CD4+ cell counts greater than 250 cells/mm3
adult males with CD4+ cell counts greater than 400 cells/mm3 (1, 5.1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Eszopiclone tablets are indicated for the treatment of insomnia. In controlled outpatient and sleep laboratory studies, eszopiclone tablets administered at bedtime decreased sleep latency and improved sleep maintenance.
The clinical trials performed in support of efficacy were up to 6 months in duration. The final formal assessments of sleep latency and maintenance were performed at 4 weeks in the 6-week study (adults only), at the end of both 2-week studies (elderly only) and at the end of the 6-month study (adults only).
Eszopiclone tablets are indicated for the treatment of insomnia. Eszopiclone tablets have been shown to decrease sleep latency and improve sleep maintenance (
1).
Indication and Usage
Adult Patients
Flumazenil Injection, USP is indicated for the complete or partial reversal of the sedative effects of benzodiazepines in cases where general anesthesia has been induced and/or maintained with benzodiazepines, where sedation has been produced with benzodiazepines for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for the management of benzodiazepine overdose.
Pediatric Patients (aged 1 to 17)
Flumazenil Injection, USP is indicated for the reversal of conscious sedation induced with benzodiazepines (see
Precautions: Pediatric Use).
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Ifosfamide for Injection is indicated for use in combination with certain other approved antineoplastic agents for third-line chemotherapy of germ cell testicular cancer.
It should be used in combination with mesna for prophylaxis of hemorrhagic cystitis.
Ifosfamide for Injection is an alkylating drug indicated for use in combination with certain other approved antineoplastic agents for third-line chemotherapy of germ cell testicular cancer.
It should be used in combination with mesna for prophylaxis of hemorrhagic cystitis. (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Montelukast sodium tablets are a leukotriene receptor antagonist indicated for:
Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in patients2 yearsof age and older (1.1).
Acute prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in patients6 years of age and older (1.2).
Relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR): seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) in patients 2 years of age and older, and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) in patients 2 years of age and older (1.3).
1.1 Asthma
Montelukast sodium is indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and pediatric patients2 yearsof age and older.
1.2 Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)
Montelukast sodium is indicated for prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in patients6years of age and older.
1.3 Allergic Rhinitis
Montelukast sodium is indicated for the relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients 2 years of age and older and perennial allergic rhinitis in patients2 yearsof age and older.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Megestrol Acetate Oral Suspension, USP is indicated for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained, significant weight loss in patients with a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Budesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid indicated for:
Maintenance treatment of asthma and as prophylactic therapy in children 12 months to 8 years of age (1)
Limitations of Use:
Not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm (1)
1.1 Maintenance Treatment of Asthma
Budesonide inhalation suspension is indicated for the maintenance treatment of asthma and as prophylactic therapy in children 12 months to 8 years of age.
Limitations of Use:
Budesonide inhalation suspension is NOT indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Zidovudine is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor indicated for:
Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. (1.1)
Prevention of maternal-fetal HIV-1 transmission. (1.2)
1.1 Treatment of HIV-1
Zidovudine Syrup (Zidovudine oral solution), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
1.2 Prevention of Maternal-Fetal HIV-1 Transmission
Zidovudine Syrup (Zidovudine oral solution) is indicated for the prevention of maternal-fetal HIV-1 transmission [seeDosageandAdministration(2.3)]. The indication is based on a dosing regimen that included 3 components:
antepartum therapy of HIV-1 infected mothers
intrapartum therapy of HIV-1 infected mothers
post-partum therapy of HIV-1 exposed neonate.
Points to consider prior to initiating zidovudine in pregnant women for the prevention of maternal-fetal HIV-1 transmission include:
In most cases, zidovudine for prevention of maternal-fetal HIV-1 transmission should be given in combination with other antiretroviral drugs.
Prevention of HIV-1 transmission in women who have received zidovudine for a prolonged period before pregnancy has not been evaluated.
Because the fetus is most susceptible to the potential teratogenic effects of drugs during the first 10 weeks of gestation and the risks of therapy with zidovudine during that period are not fully known, women in the first trimester of pregnancy who do not require immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy for their own health may consider delaying use; this indication is based on use after 14 weeks' gestation.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Dextroamphetamine sulfate extended-release capsules are indicated in:
Narcolepsy
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
As an integral part of a total treatment program that typically includes other measures (psychological, educational, social) for patients (ages 6 years to 16 years) with this syndrome. A diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; DSM-IV) implies the presence of thehyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before age 7 years. The symptoms must cause clinically significant impairment, e.g., in social, academic, or occupational functioning, and be present in 2 or more settings, e.g., school (or work) and at home. The symptoms must not be better accounted for by another mental disorder. For the Inattentive Type, at least 6 of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: lack of attention to details/careless mistakes; lack of sustained attention; poor listener; failure to follow through on tasks; poor organization; avoids tasks requiring sustained mental effort; loses things; easily distracted; forgetful. For the Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, at least 6 of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: fidgeting/squirming; leaving seat; inappropriate running/climbing; difficulty with quiet activities; on the go; excessive talking; blurting answers; cant wait turn; intrusive. The Combined Type requires both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive criteria to be met.
Special Diagnostic Considerations
Specific etiology of this syndrome is unknown, and there is no single diagnostic test. Adequate diagnosis requires the use of medical and special psychological, educational, and social resources. Learning may or may not be impaired. The diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the patient and not solely on the presences of the required number of DSM-IV characteristics.
Need for Comprehensive Treatment Program
Dextroamphetamine sulfate extended-release capsules are indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for ADHD that may include other measures (psychological, educational, social) for patients with this syndrome. Drug treatment may not be indicated for all patients with this syndrome. Stimulants are not intended for use in patients who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. Appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is often helpful. When remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physicians assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patients symptoms.
1	INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Calcium Gluconate in Sodium Chloride Injection is indicated for pediatric and adult patients for the treatment of acute symptomatic hypocalcemia.
Limitations of Use
The safety of Calcium Gluconate in Sodium Chloride Injection for long term use has not been established.
Calcium Gluconate in Sodium Chloride Injection is a form of calcium indicated for pediatric and adult patients for the treatment of acute symptomatic hypocalcemia. (1)
Limitations of Use: The safety of Calcium Gluconate Injection for long term use has not been established. (1)
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Lithium is a mood-stabilizing agent indicated as monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I disorder:
Treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes in patients 7 years and older [see Clinical Studies (14)]
Maintenance treatment in patients 7 years and older [see Clinical Studies (14)]
Lithium is a mood-stabilizing agent indicated as monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I disorder:
Treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes in patients 7 years and older (1)
Maintenance treatment in patients 7 years and older (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim oral suspension and other antibacterial drugs, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim oral suspension should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to empiric selection of therapy.
Urinary Tract Infections
For the treatment of urinary tract infections due to susceptible strains of the following organisms: and . It is recommended that initial episodes of uncomplicated urinary tract infections be treated with a single effective antibacterial agent rather than the combination.
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Enterobacter species, Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis
Proteus vulgaris
Acute Otitis Media
For the treatment of acute otitis media in pediatric patients due to susceptible strains of or when in the judgment of the physician sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim offers some advantage over the use of other antimicrobial agents. To date, there are limited data on the safety of repeated use of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in pediatric patients under two years of age. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim is not indicated for prophylactic or prolonged administration in otitis media at any age.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis in Adults
For the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis due to susceptible strains of or when in the judgment of the physician sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim offers some advantage over the use of a single antimicrobial agent.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Shigellosis
For the treatment of enteritis caused by susceptible strains of and when antibacterial therapy is indicated.
Shigella flexneri
Shigella sonnei
neumocystis Pneumonia
P
Jiroveci
For the treatment of documented pneumonia and for prophylaxis against pneumonia in individuals who are immunosuppressed and considered to be at an increased risk of developing pneumonia.
Pneumocystis jiroveci
Pneumocystis jiroveci
Pneumocystis jiroveci
Traveler's Diarrhea in Adults
For the treatment of traveler's diarrhea due to susceptible strains of enterotoxigenic .
E. coli
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
VERDESO (desonide) Foam, 0.05% is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in patients 3 months of age and older.
Patients should be instructed to use VERDESO Foam for the minimum amount of time necessary to achieve the desired results because of the potential for VERDESO Foam to suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Treatment should not exceed 4 consecutive weeks.
VERDESO Foam is a corticosteroid indicated for the topical treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in patients 3 months of age and older. (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Oxycodone hydrochloride oral solution is indicated in adults for the management of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate.
Limitations of Use
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)
], reserve oxycodone hydrochloride oral solution for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics or opioid combination products]:
Have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated,
Have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia
Oxycodone hydrochloride oral solution is indicated in adults for the management of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate.
Limitations of Use
Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, even at recommended doses [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)], reserve oxycodone hydrochloride oral solution for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics or opioid combination products]:
Have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated,
Have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Clobazam is indicated for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients 2 years of age or older.
Clobazam oral suspension is a benzodiazepine indicated for adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients 2 years of age or older (1)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Savella is indicated for the management of fibromyalgia.
Savella is not approved for use in pediatric patients [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].
Savella is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) indicated for the management of fibromyalgia (1).
Savella is not approved for use in pediatric patients (5.1).
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Levetiracetam tablet is indicated for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of: Partial onset seizures in patients one month of age and older with epilepsy (1.1)
Myoclonic seizures in patients 12 years of age and older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (1.2)
Primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients 6 years of age and older with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (1.3)
1.1 Partial Onset Seizures
Levetiracetam tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures in adults and children 1 month of age and older with epilepsy.
1.2 Myoclonic Seizures in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Levetiracetam tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of myoclonic seizures in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
1.3 Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures
Levetiracetam tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults and children 6 years of age and older with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Felbamate oral suspensionis not indicated as a first line antiepileptic treatment (see
Warnings
). Felbamate oral suspensionis recommended for use only in those patients who respond inadequately to alternative treatments and whose epilepsy is so severe that a substantial risk of aplastic anemia and/or liver failure is deemed acceptable in light of the benefits conferred by its use.
If these criteria are met and the patient has been fully advised of the risk, and has provided written acknowledgment, felbamate oral suspensioncan be considered for either monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures, with and without generalization, in adults with epilepsy and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial and generalized seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in children.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Amikacin Sulfate Injection, USP is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, species of indole-positive and indole-negative Proteus, Providencia species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia species, and Acinetobacter (Mima-Herellea) species.
Clinical studies have shown Amikacin Sulfate Injection, USP to be effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous system (including meningitis) and skin and soft tissue; intra-abdominal infections (including peritonitis); and in burns and postoperative infections (including post-vascular surgery). Clinical studies have shown amikacin also to be effective in serious complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections due to those organisms. Aminoglycosides, including Amikacin Sulfate Injection, USP are not indicated in uncomplicated initial episodes of urinary tract infections unless the causative organisms are not susceptible to antibiotics having less potential toxicity.
Bacteriologic studies should be performed to identify causative organisms and their susceptibilities to amikacin. Amikacin may be considered as initial therapy in suspected Gram-negative infections and therapy may be instituted before obtaining the results of susceptibility testing. Clinical trials demonstrated that amikacin was effective in infections caused by gentamicin and/or tobramycin-resistant strains of Gram-negative organisms, particularly Proteus rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The decision to continue therapy with the drug should be based on results of the susceptibility tests, the severity of the infection, the response of the patient and the important additional considerations contained in the
WARNINGS
box above.
Amikacin has also been shown to be effective in staphylococci infections and may be considered as initial therapy under certain conditions in the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease such as, severe infections where the causative organism may be either a Gram-negative bacterium or a staphylococcus, infections due to susceptible strains of staphylococci in patients allergic to other antibiotics, and in mixed staphylococci/Gram-negative infections.
In certain severe infections such as neonatal sepsis, concomitant therapy with a penicillin-type drug may be indicated because of the possibility of infections due to Gram-positive organisms such as streptococci or pneumococci.
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of amikacin and other antibacterial drugs, amikacin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION
Benazepril HCl tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics.
1 INDICATIONS & USAGE
Venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) indicated for the treatment of:
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
Panic Disorder (PD)
1.1 Major Depressive Disorder
Venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Efficacy was established in three short-term (4, 8, and 12 weeks) and two long-term, maintenance trials.
1.2 Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Efficacy was established in two 8-week and two 26-week placebo-controlled trials.
1.3 Social Anxiety Disorder
Venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia.
Efficacy was established in four 12-week and one 26-week, placebo-controlled trials.
1.4 Panic Disorder
Venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of Panic Disorder (PD), with or without agoraphobia. Efficacy was established in two 12-week placebo-controlled trials.