um-ids/dailymed-annotations huggingface dataset:
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
BLUDIGO is indicated for use as a visualization aid in the cystoscopic assessment of the integrity of the ureters in adults following urological and gynecological open, robotic, or endoscopic surgical procedures.
BLUDIGO is a diagnostic dye indicated for use as a visualization aid in the cystoscopic assessment of the integrity of the ureters in adults following urological and gynecological open, robotic, or endoscopic surgical procedures. (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of cefdinir capsules and other antibacterial drugs, cefdinir capsules should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
Cefdinir capsules are indicated for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below.
Adults and Adolescents:
Community-Acquired Pneumonia:
Caused by
Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase producing strains),
Haemophilus parainfluenzae (including -lactamase producing strains),
Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-susceptible strains only), and
Moraxella catarrhalis (including -lactamase producing strains) (see
CLINICAL STUDIES
).
Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis:
Caused by
Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase producing strains),
Haemophilus parainfluenzae (including -lactamase producing strains),
Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-susceptible strains only), and
Moraxella catarrhalis (including -lactamase producing strains).
Acute Maxillary Sinusitis:
Caused by
Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase producing strains),
Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-susceptible strains only), and
Moraxella catarrhalis (including -lactamase producing strains).
NOTE: For information on use in pediatric patients, see
Pediatric Use
and
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis:
Caused by
Streptococcus pyogenes (see
CLINICAL STUDIES
).
NOTE: Cefdinir is effective in the eradication of
S. pyogenes from the oropharynx. Cefdinir has not, however, been studied for the prevention of rheumatic fever following
S. pyogenes pharyngitis/tonsillitis. Only intramuscular penicillin has been demonstrated to be effective for the prevention of rheumatic fever.
Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections:
Caused by
Staphylococcus aureus (including -lactamase producing strains) and
Streptococcus pyogenes.
Pediatric Patients:
Acute Bacterial Otitis Media:
Caused by
Haemophilus influenzae (including -lactamase producing strains),
Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-susceptible strains only), and
Moraxella catarrhalis (including -lactamase producing strains).
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis:
Caused by
Streptococcus pyogenes (see
CLINICAL STUDIES
).
NOTE: Cefdinir is effective in the eradication of
S. pyogenes from the oropharynx. Cefdinir has not, however, been studied for the prevention of rheumatic fever following
S. pyogenes pharyngitis/tonsillitis. Only intramuscular penicillin has been demonstrated to be effective for the prevention of rheumatic fever.
Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections:
Caused by
Staphylococcus aureus (including -lactamase producing strains) and
Streptococcus pyogenes.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Valproic acid is indicated for:
Monotherapy and adjunctive therapy of complex partial seizures; sole and adjunctive therapy of simple and complex absence seizures; adjunctive therapy in patients with multiple seizure types that include absence seizures (1)
1.1 Epilepsy
Valproic acid is indicated as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy in the treatment of patients with complex partial seizures that occur either in isolation or in association with other types of seizures. Valproic acid is indicated for use as sole and adjunctive therapy in the treatment of simple and complex absence seizures, and adjunctively in patients with multiple seizure types which include absence seizures.
Simple absence is defined as very brief clouding of the sensorium or loss of consciousness accompanied by certain generalized epileptic discharges without other detectable clinical signs. Complex absence is the term used when other signs are also present.
See
Warnings and Precautions (5.1)
for statement regarding fatal hepatic dysfunction.
1.2 Important Limitations
Because of the risk to the fetus of decreased IQ, neurodevelopmental disorders, neural tube defects, and other major congenital malformations, which may occur very early in pregnancy, valproate should not be used to treat women with epilepsy or bipolar disorder who are pregnant or who plan to become pregnant unless other medications have failed to provide adequate symptom control or are otherwise unacceptable. Valproate should not be administered to a woman of childbearing potential unless other medications have failed to provide adequate symptom control or are otherwise unacceptable[see
Warnings and Precautions (5.2,
5.3,
5.4),
Use in Specific Populations (8.1), and
Patient Counseling Information (17)].
For prophylaxis of migraine headaches, valproate is contraindicated in women who are pregnant and in women of childbearing potential who are not using effective contraception [see Contraindications (4)].
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Meloxicam capsules are indicated for management of osteoarthritis pain.
Meloxicam capsule is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indicated for management of osteoarthritis (OA) pain. (1)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide syrup is indicated for the symptomatic relief of cough.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Dextroamphetamine Sulfate Oral Solution is indicated in:
Narcolepsy
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: As an integral part of a total treatment program that typically includes other remedial measures (psychological, educational, social) for a stabilizing effect in pediatric patients (ages 3 years to 16 years) with a behavioral syndrome characterized by the following group of developmentally inappropriate symptoms: Moderate to severe distractibility, short attention span, hyperactivity, emotionally lability, and impulsivity. The diagnosis of this syndrome should not be made with finality when these symptoms are only of comparatively recent origin. Nonlocalizing (soft) neurological signs, learning disability, and abnormal EEG may or may not be present, and a diagnosis of central nervous system dysfunction may or may not be warranted.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressant indicated for
Prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic liver, kidney or heart transplants (
1.1,
1.2,
1.3)
Use concomitantly with adrenal corticosteroids; in kidney and heart transplant, use in conjunction with azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (
1.1,
1.2,
1.3)
Limitations of Use (
1.4):
Do not use simultaneously with cyclosporine
Intravenous use reserved for patients who can not tolerate capsules orally
Use with sirolimus is not recommended in liver and heart transplant; use with sirolimus in kidney transplant has not been established
1.1 Prophylaxis of Organ Rejection in Kidney Transplant
Tacrolimus Capsules is indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic kidney transplants. It is recommended that tacrolimus be used concomitantly with azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and adrenal corticosteroids [
see Clinical Studies (
14.1)] . Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for all patients receiving tacrolimus [
see Dosage and Administration (
2.6)].
1.2 Prophylaxis of Organ Rejection in Liver Transplant
Tacrolimus Capsules is indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic liver transplants. It is recommended that tacrolimus be used concomitantly with adrenal corticosteroids [
see Clinical Studies (
14.2)]. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for all patients receiving tacrolimus[
see Dosage and Administration (
2.6)].
1.3 Prophylaxis of Organ Rejection in Heart Transplant
Tacrolimus Capsules is indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic heart transplants. It is recommended that tacrolimus capsules be used concomitantly with azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and adrenal corticosteroids [
see Clinical Studies (
14.3)]. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for all patients receiving tacrolimus capsules [
see Dosage and Administration (
2.6)].
1.4 Limitations of Use
Tacrolimus Capsules should not be used simultaneously with cyclosporine [
see Dosage and Administration (
2.5)].
Use with sirolimus is not recommended in liver and heart transplant. The safety and efficacy of tacrolimus with sirolimus has not been established in kidney transplant [
see Warnings and Precautions (
5.12)].
Intravenous use reserved for patients who cannot tolerate capsules orally.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Fluticasone propionate cream, 0.05% is a medium potency corticosteroid indicated for the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Fluticasone propionate cream, 0.05% may be used with caution in pediatric patients 3 months of age or older. The safety and efficacy of drug use for longer than 4 weeks in this population have not been established. The safety and efficacy of fluticasone propionate cream, 0.05% in pediatric patients below 3 months of age have not been established.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Lamotrigine Tablets are indicated for:
Epilepsyadjunctive therapy in patients aged 2 years and older:
partial-onset seizures.
primary generalized tonic-clonic
seizures.
generalized seizures of Lennox-Gastaut
syndrome. (1.1)
Epilepsymonotherapy in patients aged 16 years and older: Conversion to monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures who are receiving treatment with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, or valproate as the single AED. (1.1)
Bipolar disorder: Maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder to delay the time to occurrence of mood episodes in patients treated for acute mood episodes with standard therapy. (1.2)
Limitations of Use: Treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes is not recommended. Effectiveness of lamotrigine tablets in the acute treatment of mood episodes has not been established.
1.1 Epilepsy
Adjunctive Therapy
Lamotrigine tablets are indicated as adjunctive therapy for the following seizure types in patients aged 2 years and older:
partial-onset seizures.
primary generalized tonic-clonic (PGTC)
seizures.
generalized seizures of Lennox-Gastaut
syndrome.
Monotherapy
Lamotrigine tablets are indicated for conversion to monotherapy in adults (aged 16 years and older) with partial-onset seizures who are receiving treatment with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, or valproate as the single antiepileptic drug (AED).
Safety and effectiveness of lamotrigine tablets have not been established (1) as initial monotherapy; (2) for conversion to monotherapy from AEDs other than carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, or valproate; or (3) for simultaneous conversion to monotherapy from 2 or more concomitant AEDs.
1.2 Bipolar Disorder
Lamotrigine tablets are indicated for the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder to delay the time to occurrence of mood episodes (depression, mania, hypomania, mixed episodes) in patients treated for acute mood episodes with standard therapy [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].
Limitations of Use
Treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes is not recommended. Effectiveness of lamotrigine tablets in the acute treatment of mood episodes has not been established.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Postherpetic Neuralgia
Gabapentin is indicated for the management of postherpetic neuralgia in adults.
Epilepsy
Gabapentin is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in patients over 12 years of age with epilepsy. Gabapentin is also indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in pediatric patients age 312 years.
1 INDICATIONSAND USAGE
CIPRODEX is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated microorganisms in the specific conditions listed below:
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) in pediatric patients (age 6 months and older) with tympanostomy tubes due to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Acute Otitis Externa (AOE) in pediatric (age 6 months and older), adult and elderly patients due to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
CIPRODEX is a combination of ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibacterial and dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated microorganisms in the specific conditions listed below:
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) in pediatric patients (age 6 months and older) with tympanostomy tubes due to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (1)
Acute Otitis Externa (AOE) in pediatric (age 6 months and older), adult and elderly patients due to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (1)
1 INDICATIONSAND USAGE
Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (WHO Group 1) to improve exercise ability. Studies establishing effectiveness included predominately patients with NYHA Functional Class II
III symptoms and etiologies of idiopathic or heritable PAH (61%) or PAH associated with connective tissue diseases (23%).
(1.1)
1.1	Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Tadalafil Tablets are indicated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (WHO Group 1) to improve exercise ability. Studies establishing effectiveness included predominately patients with NYHA Functional Class II
III symptoms and etiologies of idiopathic or heritable PAH (61%) or PAH associated with connective tissue diseases (23%).
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Indapamide tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs.
Indapamide tablets are also indicated for the treatment of salt and fluid retention associated with congestive heart failure.
Usage in Pregnancy
The routine use of diuretics in an otherwise healthy woman is inappropriate and exposes mother and fetus to unnecessary hazard (see below).
PRECAUTIONS
Diuretics do not prevent development of toxemia of pregnancy, and there is no satisfactory evidence that they are useful in the treatment of developed toxemia.
Edema during pregnancy may arise from pathological causes or from the physiologic and mechanical consequences of pregnancy. Indapamide is indicated in pregnancy when edema is due to pathologic causes, just as it is in the absence of pregnancy (however, see below). Dependent edema in pregnancy, resulting from restriction of venous return by the expanded uterus, is properly treated through elevation of the lower extremities and use of support hose; use of diuretics to lower intravascular volume in this case is illogical and unnecessary. There is hypervolemia during normal pregnancy which is not harmful to either the fetus or the mother (in the absence of cardiovascular disease), but which is associated with edema, including generalized edema in the majority of pregnant women. If this edema produces discomfort, increased recumbency will often provide relief. In rare instances, this edema may cause extreme discomfort which is not relieved by rest. In these cases, a short course of diuretics may provide relief and may be appropriate.
PRECAUTIONS
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
FML-S ophthalmic suspension is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.Ocular steroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe, where the inherent risk of steroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation.
They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns or penetration of foreign bodies.The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.The anti-infective drug in this product, sulfacetamide, is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and
Enterobacter
species.This product does not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species and Serratia marcescens.
A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Conversion of atrial fibrillation/flutter
In patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation/flutter whose symptoms are not adequately controlled by measures that reduce the rate of ventricular response, quinidine gluconate is indicated as a means of restoring normal sinus rhythm. If this use of quinidine gluconate does not restore sinus rhythm within a reasonable time (see
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
), then quinidine gluconate should be discontinued.
Reduction of frequency of relapse into atrial fibrillation/flutter
Chronic therapy with quinidine gluconate is indicated for some patients at high risk of symptomatic atrial fibrillation/flutter, generally patients who have had previous episodes of atrial fibrillation/flutter that were so frequent and poorly tolerated as to outweigh, in the judgment of the physician and the patient, the risks of prophylactic therapy with quinidine gluconate. The increased risk of death should specifically be considered. Quinidine gluconate should be used only after alternative measures (e.g., use of other drugs to control the ventricular rate) have been found to be inadequate.
In patients with histories of frequent symptomatic episodes of atrial fibrillation/flutter, the goal of therapy should be an increase in the average time between episodes. In most patients, the tachyarrhythmia
will recur during therapy, and a single recurrence should not be interpreted as therapeutic failure.
Suppression of ventricular arrhythmias
Quinidine gluconate is also indicated for the suppression of recurrent documented ventricular arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, that in the judgment of the physician are life-threatening. Because of the proarrhythmic effects of quinidine, its use with ventricular arrhythmias of lesser severity is generally not recommended, and treatment of patients with asymptomatic ventricular premature contractions should be avoided. Where possible, therapy should be guided by the results of programmed electrical stimulation and/or Holter monitoring with exercise.
Antiarrhythmic drugs (including quinidine gluconate) have not been shown to enhance survival in patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Therapy with lipid-altering agents should be only one component of multiple risk factor intervention in individuals at significantly increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. Drug therapy is indicated as an adjunct to diet when the response to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacologic measures alone has been inadequate.
Ezetimibe Tablet
is an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol (and related phytosterol) absorption indicated as an adjunct to diet to:
Reduce elevated total-C, LDL-C, Apo B, and non-HDL-C in patients with primary hyperlipidemia, alone or in combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) (1.1)
Reduce elevated total-C, LDL-C, Apo B, and non-HDL-C in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia in combination with fenofibrate (1.1)
Reduce elevated total-C and LDL-C in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH), in combination with atorvastatin or simvastatin (1.2)
Reduce elevated sitosterol and campesterol in patients with homozygous sitosterolemia (phytosterolemia) (1.3)
Limitations of Use (1.4)
The effect of Ezetimibe Tablets on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has not been determined.
Ezetimibe Tablets has not been studied in Fredrickson Type I, III, IV, and V dyslipidemias.
1.1 Primary Hyperlipidemia
Monotherapy
Ezetimibe Tablets, administered alone, is indicated as adjunctive therapy to diet for the reduction of elevated total cholesterol (total-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in patients with primary (heterozygous familial and non-familial) hyperlipidemia.
Combination Therapy with HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Ezetimibe Tablets, administered in combination with a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor (statin), is indicated as adjunctive therapy to diet for the reduction of elevated total-C, LDL-C, Apo B, and non-HDL-C in patients with primary (heterozygous familial and non-familial) hyperlipidemia.
Combination Therapy with Fenofibrate
Ezetimibe Tablets, administered in combination with fenofibrate, is indicated as adjunctive therapy to diet for the reduction of elevated total-C, LDL-C, Apo B, and non-HDL-C in adult patients with mixed hyperlipidemia.
1.2 Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH)
The combination of Ezetimibe Tablets and atorvastatin or simvastatin is indicated for the reduction of elevated total-C and LDL-C levels in patients with HoFH, as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering treatments (e.g., LDL apheresis) or if such treatments are unavailable.
1.3 Homozygous Sitosterolemia
Ezetimibe Tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy to diet for the reduction of elevated sitosterol and campesterol levels in patients with homozygous familial sitosterolemia.
1.4 Limitations of Use
The effect of Ezetimibe Tablets on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has not been determined.
Ezetimibe Tablets has not been studied in Fredrickson Type I, III, IV, and V dyslipidemias.
1INDICATIONS
AND USAGE
TAGITOL V is indicated
for use in adult patients for use in computed tomography (CT) colonography
as a fecal tagging agent.
TAGITOL V is a radiographic contrast agent indicated in adult patients for use in computed tomography (CT) colonography as a fecal tagging agent (1)
INDICATIONS & USAGE
Herpes Zoster Infections: Acyclovir tablets, USP are indicated for the acute treatment of herpes zoster (shingles).
Genital Herpes: Acyclovir tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of initial episodes and the management of recurrent episodes of genital herpes.
Chickenpox: Acyclovir tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of chickenpox (varicella).