Kāwanatanga
Kāwanatanga, a loanword from the English word "governorship", is a word in the Māori language of New Zealand. "Kāwanatanga" was first used in the Declaration of Independence of New Zealand, 1835. "Kāwanatanga" reappeared in 1840 in Article 1 of the Treaty of Waitangi, where the Māori text ""te Kawanatanga katoa"" corresponds to the English text ""all the rights and powers of Sovereignty"". Some historians believe that there was no existing suitable word in the Māori language at the time; however, many Māori believe that the word "mana" would have provided appropriate meaning. One supposition is that if "mana" had  been used instead of the new, transliterated "kāwanatanga", the treaty would never had been signed. Origin and etymology. The first part of the word, "Kāwana", is a transliteration into Māori of the English word "governor". The suffix "-tanga" is very similar in meaning and use to the English suffix "-ship", for example "rangatiratanga" (chieftainship) and "kīngitanga" (kingship). So a literal translation of the word would be "governorship". From an idiomatic perspective, this word had little meaning to the chiefs signing the treaty, since the concept of being governed by an overseeing authority was alien to Māori. What understanding Māori may  have had of the term was derived principally from the Bible and in particular Herod's Governorship. At the time the Bible was one of few long printed texts in Māori enjoying wide distribution. Use in the Treaty of Waitangi. The meaning attached to this word, and in particular how it relates to "rangatiratanga" is vital to discussion of the Treaty of Waitangi. This treaty is still vitally important in modern New Zealand, and remains the object of much controversy and political debate. Māori constitutional lawyer Moana Jackson has stated that, because the New Zealand Government (identified as "Kawanatanga" in  the Treaty text) is the body politic enforcing the Treaty and making settlements, "Kawanatanga" is the actual party to the Treaty, not the Crown.