Emmanuel Goffi
Emmanuel Roberto Goffi (born December 10, 1971) is a philosopher of technologies and more specifically an Artificial intelligence ethicist. He has served in the French Air Force during 27 years. He is the co-founder and co-director of the Global AI Ethics Institute in Paris. He is also an instructor and research associate with the Frankfurt Big Data Lab at the Goethe University Frankfurt in Germany and a Research Fellow with the Centre for Defence and Security Studies at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba in Canada. After having worked on military ethics, and more precisely on  ethics applied to Lethal autonomous weapon, his focus has turned to ethics applied to Artificial intelligence. Emmanuel Goffi lectured in international relations and the Law of Armed Conflict at the École de l'air (French Air Force Academy) for five years before he was appointed as a research associate at the Center for Aerospace Strategic Studies in Paris. Goffi also taught international relations at the DSI Diplomatic Studies Institute in Marseille, at the Management Institute of Paris and at the École supérieure de commerce et management (ESCEM) in Paris. He is the author of "Les armées françaises face à la morale : une réflexion au cœur des conflits modernes" (Paris: , 2011).http://www.bigdata.uni-frankfurt.de/ethical-implications-ai-ss2020/ Emmanuel Goffi graduated from the French Air Force Military Academy and holds a master's degree in political science from the Paris Institute of Political Science (Sciences Po) and a research master's degree in political science from the Aix Institute of Political Science. He holds a PhD (highest honor) in political science from the Institut d'études politiques de Paris-Centre de recherches internationales (Sciences Po-CERI). Military career. Emmanuel Goffi joined the French Air Force in 1992 as a non-commissioned officer and specialist in  electrotechnics. After a competitive exam he was admitted to join the École militaire de l'air in Salon de Provence in 2000. After he left the French Air Force Academy, Emmanuel Goffi was appointed Deputy Chief of the Air Force Headquarters Network Management Cell, at the Centre de gestion de l’armée de l’Air in Paris, France, in September 2001. He was then moved to the Personal staff of the Chief of Staff of the French Air Force as a speech-writer and linguist in September 2002. In 2003, he is posted at the Délégation à l'information et à la communication de  la Défense to be an Analyst in International Relations. In 2007, after he completed is master's degree at Sciences Po and finished his scholarship at the University of Queensland in Australia, he is posted as a professor of international relations at the French Air Force Academy. He will then be Deputy Head and later Head, of the Department of Human Sciences. During his tenure he also teaches the Law of Armed Conflict, Ethics and Communication. While at the French Air Force Academy, he notably set up the Law of Armed Conflict Module in the framework of the Initiative européenne  pour les échanges de jeunes officiers, inspirée d'Erasmus (European initiative for the exchange of young officers inspired by Erasmus), that was finally adopted as the model for all European military academies by the Collège européen de sécurité et de défense (European College for Security and Defence) in Brussels. Emmanuel was also the first professor to give a course in English (apart of English language courses) at the French Air Force Academy. Besides, this module gave birth to an annual international seminar and an edited book issued in 2011. From September 2012 to September 2014, is appointed Strategy Analyst, Influence Officer  and Research Associate at Centre d’Etudes Stratégiques Aérospatiales (CESA), where he works on drones, ethics and security studies. While at the CESA he notably co-edited a seminal volume of more than 40 contributions about drones, Les drones aériens: passé, présent et avenir. Approche globale, published in 2013. In 2014, he is granted an extended leave to start a new career in Canada, and retired in July 2019 after 25 years of service. Research activities. After two years in Science Po, during which he spent one semester at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, QLD, Australia, he started working on  international relations focusing on military ethics. He then directed is research activities on ethical issues related to the use of drones and military robots in modern conflicts, and its impact upon the profession of arms. Through moral philosophy, he tries to offer new approaches for military ethics basing his reflections upon intersubjectivity, moral responsibility, and moral freedom. Emmanuel's doctoral dissertation, entitled "Le sacrifice suprême, une approche critique de la construction d'un mythe: les officiers français et la mort "pro patria" dans le contexte du conflit en Afghanistan" (Supreme Sacrifice: A Critical Approach of the Construction of a Myth. The  French Officers and Death "Pro Patria" in the Context of the Afghan Conflict), addresses the issue of supreme-sacrifice in modern conflicts trying to show that the obligation to consent to sacrifice is a social construct which needs to be questioned in regard to modern military engagements. Emmanuel Goffi is also a Research Fellow at the Centre for Defence and Security Studies, University of Manitoba (Canada) and a Research Associate with Sciences Po-Centre de recherches internationales. He is currently conducting researches as a research associate with the Canadian Mennonite University in Winnipeg on the evolution of peace operations in  Africa. Teaching activities. Goffi mainly taught international relations focusing on threats to international security such as terrorism, environmental or technology issues, but also on French foreign policy, and international relations theories. He also teaches strategy. While posted at the French Air Force Academy he also provided courses on the law of armed conflicts and international relations ethics. He extensively worked on the organization of the international seminar on the law of armed conflicts (LOAC) yearly held at the French Air Force Academy, and on the building of the French Air Force Academy's LOAC module and its integration to the  European initiative for the exchange of young officers inspired by Erasmus training program. Courses taught. Institut libre d'étude des relations internationales, Paris, France Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada École de l'air, Salon-de-provence, France École supérieure de commerce et de management, Paris, France Management Institute of Paris, Paris, France ISD – Institut des sciences diplomatiques de Marseille, Marseille, France