Proculus (praenomen)
Proculus is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was most common during the early centuries of the Roman Republic. It gave rise to the patronymic gentes Proculeia and Procilia, and later became a common cognomen, or surname. The feminine form is "Procula". The name was not regularly abbreviated. Use. "Proculus" was an uncommon name, but was occasionally used by both patrician and plebeian families. Those known to have used it included the Betutii, Geganii, Julii, Sertorii, and Verginii; and naturally Proculus must once have been used by the ancestors of the gentes Proculeia and Procilia. Other families  which later used the name as a cognomen may originally have used it as a praenomen. The scholar Varro described "Proculus" as an archaic praenomen, which was no longer in general use by the first century BC. As a cognomen, however, "Proculus" was still common, and it became even more so during imperial times. Origin and meaning. According to Festus, the name "Proculus" was originally given to children who were born while their fathers were away. This explanation is also found in Plutarch. Chase believes that this is a false etymology, and points out that the praenomen appears to be  a diminutive of another word, such as "procus". The usual translation of this word is "suitor", but Festus also mentions that "procus" was an archaic form of "procer", a prince. Another possibility is that "Proculus" is a diminutive of "Proca", the name of one of the kings of Alba Longa. In that case, "Proca" would also be an ancient praenomen. Of course, it is entirely possible that "Proca" is derived from the same root as "procus" and "procer".