Opotoru River
The Opotoru River is a river of the Waikato Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows north, reaching the Raglan Harbour southwest of the town of Raglan. There is no regular monitoring of pollution, but (31.2%) of the river has been fenced to protect it from farm stock. Name. The Oct 1947 Lands and Survey one inch map shows the name 'Opotoru R' applied to the tidal creek of the harbour and 'Opotoru S' to the stretch through Te Mata. The 1971 2nd edition and current 1:50,000 maps (see http://www.topomap.co.nz/NZTopoMap/37544) show 'Opotoru River' for the lower  part of the waterway, but 'Te Mata Stream' for the part up from the Te Hutewai Stream confluence. 'Te Mata Stream' appears to have been named 'Takapaunui Stream' in the 1910 postcards (see link below) and in the 1915 Bradbury's Illustrated Guide to The Raglan & Kawhia District. On 7 February 1974 the name Opotoru River was gazetted as the official name for the short length of waterway from Opotoru Creek to Te Mata Strream, replacing both Opotoro River and Opoturu River. Geology. The Geology of the Raglan-Kawhia Area says, "The N-striking faults are evidenced by trends of  the Tasman Sea coastline and probably by stream drainages such as that of the Opotoru River c 6 km E of Karioi summit." and "The base, consisting of interbedded conglomerate, sandstone, and locally siltstone, is strongly unconformable on Te Kuiti Group rocks south of Raglan at the Opotoru River estuary (R 14/751741)". Chert is found beside a tributary at Te Mata and pebbles have been found downstream. History. Raglan County Hills and Sea says, "On 11 January  McLean purchased a small part of Te Mata at the SW corner of the Whaingaroa Block. The description of its boundaries, as  recorded in the Deed of Sale, is worth quoting in part, if only for the quaintness of the wording: In the N the boundary was "the Government-cut line from the Opotoru Creek to the hole dug by C. W. Ligar Esquire; on the south side from the aforesaid hole to the root of the totara tree as left by William Naylor on making a canoe of the said tree, this root of the totara tree being close to the Opotoru Creek," which formed the W limit of the area. On 6 May a further section of Te Mata land  was acquired, making a total of 630 acres. By 1858, 2130 acres of undulating forest land at Te Mata had been secured." Natural history. 36% of the catchment is farmland and 50% forest. Most of the forest is native bush on Mt Karioi, the rest mostly being scattered remnants of bush. 2004 and 2012 Regional Council vegetation surveys reported the river mouth and the saltmarsh, up to a small rapid in the River, as having mangroves ("mānawa"), manuka, mingimingi, cabbage trees ("tī kōuka"), remuremu, sea rush, oioi, saltmarsh ribbonwood ("mākaka"), flax, sea primrose, leptinella dioica, giant umbrella sedge ("Toetoe upokotangata