Rookkwarts steen werking en betekenis fysiek, spiritueel, emotioneel - Happy Spirit
Rookkwarts in onze webwinkel? klik hier
Arkansas rookkwarts , deze donkere variant word ook wel Morion of Osiris rookkwarts genoemd
Rookkwarts Phi Vogel kristal
Rookkwarts cluster, Top kwaliteit! 50 cm, 21.5 kilo, Brazilië
Rookkwarts crystal skull, 11 cm, 871 gram
Top kwaliteit smokey citrien cluster, 44 cm, 31.2 kilo, Afghanistan
Rookkwarts kopen in onze webwinkel? klik hier Pitso, Pulane Lerato
English: Over the past few years, higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide, including in South Africa, have come under increasing pressure to bridge the gap between employer expectations and higher education outcomes. As such, community service learning (CSL) as a form of community engagement has been identified as an important transformative pedagogical tool that can transcend lecture halls and realign the curriculum to resonate with the demands of society. The aim of this study was to design a framework for the infusion of graduate attributes (specifically those required for the implementation of the Batho Pele principles) in CSL modules towards improved public service delivery. This was done by means of a contextualised perspective on public service delivery, with reference to the implementation of the Batho Pele principles, as central to the transformation of public service delivery and the role of CSL in infusing such graduate attributes for improved service delivery. This study was predominantly qualitative in nature, using a phenomenological research design conducted in the transformative paradigm to generate empirical data. The first stage of the empirical part of the study focused on determining the current state of public service in terms of the implementation of the Batho Pele principles. In this regard, data was generated through a focus group discussion with the managers of the selected non-profit organisations, as well as semistructured interviews with selected public servants. In the second stage of the empirical study, the focus was on determining the extent to which the graduate attributes (specifically those required for the implementation of the Batho Pele principles) are instilled in students by means of an exit-level CSL module (GOVE3724). This was achieved through document review, as well as pre- and post-implementation student questionnaires completed by students enrolled in the Governance and Political Transformation undergraduate programme. In addition, GOVE3724 academic staff members/facilitators participated in semi-structured interviews and self-administered survey questionnaires. The findings of the study culminated in a framework outlining the graduate attributes (specifically those required for the implementation of the Batho Pele principles) in CSL modules towards improved public service delivery. The resulting framework points to the need for a realignment of the entire curriculum with the infusion of such graduate attributes, entrenching and institutionalising the organisational culture characterised by a citizen-oriented approach (the Batho Pele initiative) through the use of CSL as a transformative pedagogical tool to explicitly infuse graduate attributes in university students for improved service delivery. The study revealed that although the Batho Pele principles are central to public service transformation, their implementation is currently lacking, partly due to a lack of supervision within government. Internal weaknesses and operational challenges within the system must be removed, while government must shift from perceiving citizens as ‘mere’ sources of information and instead treat them as active partners in the effort to improve service delivery. It is crucial that initiatives aimed at improving service delivery are executed through a multifaceted and collaborative approach, as a crucial requirement for effective and efficient service delivery, to the benefit of all sectors of civil society, including those that have been historically marginalised.
Afrikaans: Hoëronderwysinstellings wêreldwyd, insluitende in Suid Afrika, was die afgelope paar jaar toenemend onder druk om die gaping tussen werknemer-verwagtinge en hoëronderwysuitkomste te oorbrug. Gevolglik is gemeenskapsdiensleer / “Community Service Learning” (CSL), ('n vorm van gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid), as 'n belangrike transformerende pedagogiese hulpmiddel geïdentifiseer wat die grense van die lesinglokaal kan oorskry, en die kurrikulum in ooreenstemming met die verwagtinge van die samelewing bring. Die doel van hierdie studie was om 'n raamwerk te ontwikkel wat die eienskappe van 'n gegradueerde in die CSL-modules integreer (spesifiek daardie eienskappe wat benodig word vir die implementering van die Batho Pele-beginsels), ten einde openbare dienslewering te verbeter. Dit is bewerkstellig deur middel van 'n gekontekstualiseerde uitkyk op openbare dienslewering, met verwysing na die implementering van Batho Pele-beginsels, as 'n middel tot openbare dienslewering. Die rol van CSL in die samevoeging van die eienskappe van 'n gegradueerde ter verbeterde dienslewering is ook uitgelig. Hierdie studie was hoofsaaklik kwalitatief van aard, en 'n fenomenologiese navorsingsontwerp is binne die transformerende paradigma gebruik om empiriese data te genereer. Die eerste fase van die empiriese studie het gefokus op die bepaling van die huidige stand van openbare dienslewering in terme van die implementering van die Batho Pele-beginsels. Data is gegenereer deur middel van 'n fokusgroepbespreking met die bestuurders van geselekteerde nie-winsgewende organisasies, sowel as deur middel van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met geselekteerde staatsamptenare. In die tweede fase van die empiriese studie was die fokus op die bepaling van die mate waartoe die gegradueerde eienskappe (spesifiek daardie eienskappe wat benodig word vir die implementering van die Batho Pele-beginsels) ingeskerp word by studente deur middel van ‘n uittreevlak CSL-module (GOVE3724). Dit is bereik deur dokumenthersiening, sowel as vooren na-implementering studentevraelyste wat deur GOVE3724 studente ingeskryf vir die Bestuur en Politiese Transformasie voorgraadse program, voltooi is. Verder het GOVE3724 akademiese personeellede/fasiliteerders deelgeneem aan semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude en selfgeadministreerde opnamevraelyste. Die bevindinge van die studie het gelei tot die ontwikkeling van 'n raamwerk wat die gegradueerde eienskappe (spesifiek daardie eienskappe wat benodig word vir die implementering van die Batho Pele-beginsels) in CSL-modules uiteensit, wat bydra tot die verbetering van openbare dienslewering. Hierdie raamwerk dui op die noodsaaklikheid van die herbelyning van die totale kurrikulum met die insluiting van sodanige gegradueerde eienskappe, waar die organisatoriese kultuur gekenmerk word deur 'n burger-georiënteerde benadering (die Batho Pele-beginsel). Dit word bewerkstellig deur die gebruik van CSL as 'n transformerende pedagogiese hulpmiddel, ter inskerping van die gegradueerde eienskappe by universiteitstudente. Die studie toon dat die Batho Pele-beginsels sentraal is tot die transformasie van die staatsdiens. Die implementering daarvan ontbreek tans as gevolg van 'n gebrek aan toesighouding in die regering. Interne swakhede en operasionele uitdagings binne die stelsel moet verwyder word, terwyl die regering daarvan moet wegbeweeg om burgers te sien as blote bronne van inligting, en hulle eerder moet behandel as aktiewe deelnemers in die poging tot beter dienslewering. Dit is uiters belangrik dat inisiatiewe wat daarop gemik is om dienslewering te verbeter, uitgevoer word deur 'n multi-faset- en samewerkingsbenadering, wat deurslaggewende vereistes is vir doeltreffende en genoegsame dienslewering, tot voordeel van alle sektore van die burgerlike samelewing, insluitende dié wat histories gemarginaliseerd was.