Please Mr. Postman
"Please Mr. Postman" is a song written by Georgia Dobbins, William Garrett, Freddie Gorman, Brian Holland and Robert Bateman. It is the debut single by the Marvelettes for the Tamla (Motown) label, notable as the first Motown song to reach the number-one position on the "Billboard" Hot 100 pop singles chart. The single achieved this position in late 1961; it hit number one on the R&B chart as well. "Please Mr. Postman" became a number-one hit again in early 1975 when the Carpenters' cover of the song reached the top position of the "Billboard" Hot  100. "Please Mr. Postman" has been covered several times, including by the British rock group the Beatles in 1963. The 2017 song Feel It Still by Portugal. The Man interpolates "Please Mr. Postman". Original version. Background. In April 1961, the Marvelettes (then known as the Marvels) arranged an audition for Berry Gordy's Tamla label. Marvels original lead singer Georgia Dobbins needed an original song for their audition, and got a blues song from her friend William Garrett, which she then reworked for the group. Dobbins left the group after the audition and was replaced, Gordy renamed the group and  hired "Brianbert" – Brian Holland and Robert Bateman's songwriting partnership – to rework the song yet again. Freddie Gorman, himself a Detroit postman and another songwriting partner of Holland (before Holland became part of the Holland–Dozier–Holland team) was also involved in the final reworking. Composition and recording. Songwriting credits for "Please Mr. Postman" have been inconsistent. Journalist Ben Fong-Torres credits the song to Holland, Bateman, Gorman, Dobbins and Garrett. The original Tamla 45 single for the Marvelettes' version credits "Dobbins/Garett/Brianbert" as the songwriters, and credits "Brianbert" as producer. The original "With the Beatles" album cover credited  it to just Brian Holland (the 1987 CD release credits it to "Dobbin-Garrett-Garman-Brianbert"). The 1976 Beatles discography book "All Together Now" credits the songwriting to Holland, Bateman, and Berry Gordy. The 1992 Motown boxed set "Hitsville USA: The Motown Singles Collection" credits Dobbins, Garrett, Holland, Bateman, and Gorman as the composers. The Songwriters Hall of Fame credits "Please Mr. Postman" to just Holland, Bateman, and Gorman. EMI Music Publishing, the current music publisher of the song, list all five writers in their catalog. Played in the key of A major and in 4/4 time, the song features  the common I–vi–IV–V chord progression. The melody is hexatonic, avoiding "blue" notes. The Marvelettes recording features lead singer Gladys Horton hoping that the postman has brought her a letter from her boyfriend. Holland and Bateman – dubbing themselves "Brianbert" – produced the session. The song's rhythm section is made up of piano, electric bass and drums. The commercial failure of Marvin Gaye's 1961 debut album, "The Soulful Moods of Marvin Gaye", led him to spend time as a studio musician for the remainder of the year. Among these efforts was "Please Mr. Postman", on which he plays  the drums. Gaye's backbeat is busy throughout the song, playing his snare on the two and four beats while tapping the ride cymbal each half beat. He uses fills to transition the song through sections. The bass mostly alternates between root and fifth chords. An electric rhythm guitar is buried in the mix, only occasionally audible, while handclaps are prominent. Musicologist Walter Everett suggests that the appearance of reverb on the lead vocal at 2:10 is possibly the result of a vocal overdub being "punched into a mismatched circuit". Release. Motown's Tamla label released the song as a  single in the US in August 1961, then on the album of the same name in November 1961. The single was a commercial success, becoming Motown's second ever million-selling record and its first number-one hit. The song was on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart for 23 weeks, and peaked at number 1 the week of December 11, 1961. Producer Berry Gordy credited Barney Ales' PR effort with the commercial success of the song. The song's hit status left many at Motown expecting the Marvelettes to be the label's biggest act, though they failed to ever  match their first effort. Journalist Ben Fong-Torres describes the Marvelettes' next song, "Twistin' Postman", as a "calculated follow-up". The song's success led to an expansion in Motown's efforts, with songs like the Miracles "I'll Try Something New" and "You've Really Got a Hold on Me" following in 1962. Fontana Records released the song as a single in the UK in November 1961. "Billboard" listed the song as #22 on their 2017 list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. Personnel. According to "The Complete Motown Singles – Vol. 1: 1959–1961" liner notes, except  where noted: The Beatles version. Background and recording. The English rock band the Beatles displayed an early interest in the music of girl groups, covering songs by groups like the Shirelles, the Cookies and the Donays. They added "Please Mr. Postman" to their live repertoire in December 1961, their third Tamla song after the Miracles' "Who's Lovin' You" and Barrett Strong's "Money (That's What I Want)". Having not made it into the British top fifty, few in the U.K. knew the song, allowing them to make it their own among all Liverpool groups. John Lennon sang lead  vocal, Paul McCartney and George Harrison providing backing vocals, while all three added handclaps at their head level. In 2004, Billy Hatton of the Four Jays recalled seeing one of the Beatles' first live performances of the song, saying it was "a "Wow moment". I was struck by how tight they were. As a semi-pro group, the Four Jays would take a month to start playing a new song really well." Without their knowing it at the time, the Beatles' 7 March 1962 performance of the song on BBC Radio's "Here We Go" was the first time any  Tamla song was played over BBC radio. Beatles author Mark Lewisohn reflects: "Without even realising it (and they'd have been thrilled to know), the Beatles broke the Detroit 'Motown sound' to the British listening public." In 1963, Beatles manager Brian Epstein approached Gordy for the rights to record several Motown songs, including "Please Mr. Postman", "You've Really Got a Hold on Me" and "Money (That's What I Want)". Rather than the industry standard of two cents, Epstein only offered one and a half cents per record sold. Gordy initially refused, only relenting two minutes before the offer  was set to expire. On 30 July 1963, the band covered the song for their second UK album, "With the Beatles". Recorded in Studio Two of EMI Recording Studios, George Martin produced the session, supported by balance engineer Norman Smith. The band recorded three takes in a similar style to their BBC performance, but found the results unsatisfactory. They altered the arrangement to sound closer to the Marvelettes' version, recording four more takes with a stop-time intro, drum breaks and a coda, the final take seven deemed "best". Recording two takes of overdubs, the band added handclaps while Lennon  double tracked his original vocal, take nine marked "best". Martin and Smith mixed the song for mono and stereo on 21 August and 29 October, respectively. Release and reception. EMI's Parlophone label released "With the Beatles" in the UK on 22 November 1963, with "Please Mr. Postman" sequenced as the final track on the first side, coming after Till There Was You". In the US, Capitol released "The Beatles' Second Album" on 10 April 1964, with "Please Mr. Postman" sequenced as the ninth track, between "I Call Your Name" and "I'll Get You". Both releases credit the song  only to Holland. Capitol also included the cover as the final track on the US-only four-song EP, "Four by the Beatles", released 11 May 1964. Writing about "The Beatles' Second Album", music critic Robert Christgau considers the covers of "Please Mr. Postman" and "Money (That's What I Want)" as two of the Beatles' best ever recordings, "both surpassing the superb Motown originals". Music critic Tim Riley calls the song's beat "tremendous", and that "like all great rock 'n' roll, it sounds perilously close to falling apart at any minute". He writes it is the "most reckless  and completely irresistible playing" on the first side of "With the Beatles", and "the most flammable rock 'n' roll they've given us since "She Loves You". Musicologist Alan W. Pollack sees the opening shout of "Wait!" as anticipating as the opening shout of "Help!" in the Beatles' 1965 song of the same name. Writer Chris Ingham calls the song "a dense curtain of guitars and harmonies" supported by "a delicious, elastic groove". Writer Jonathan Gould writes that Lennon's strong vocal overpowers the weak lyric, while the band's backing "[explodes] off the record", ultimately "[epitomizing] all that is  best about the Beatles' second album." He further writes that, among the covers on "With the Beatles", it is the only one that approaches the quality of "Twist and Shout" from "Please Please Me". Writer Ian MacDonald dismisses the cover as "[l]acking the loose-limbed playfulness of the original", with a "wall of sound that quickly weights on the ear". Personnel. According to MacDonald, except where noted: Carpenters version. A hit cover of "Please Mr. Postman" was recorded by the Carpenters, whose version took the song again to number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in early 1975. The  Carpenters' version resembles an old 1950s rock & roll song. The single was released in late 1974, reached number one on both the "Billboard" Hot 100 and Easy Listening charts in January 1975, and was the duo's 10th and final million-selling single. The corresponding "Horizon" album was belatedly released in June 1975 and went Platinum. The Carpenters' cover version was also sampled by rapper Juelz Santana for his single "Oh Yes". It is used by the "Rob, Arnie and Dawn Show" to introduce their Listener Mail segment, and was sung by the presenters of British Saturday morning show "SMTV  Live" to introduce the mailbag section. Reaching number two in the UK Singles Chart in 1975, in a UK television special on ITV in 2016 it was voted number one in "The Nation's Favourite Carpenters Song". A music video of the song, filmed in Disneyland, can be found on the DVD "" (released in 2002), originally packaged as "Yesterday Once More" (released on VHS and LaserDisc in 1985).