Irvington, New York
Irvington, sometimes known as Irvington-on-Hudson, is an affluent suburban village in the town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, north of midtown Manhattan in New York City, and is served by a station stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Irvington is the village of Tarrytown, to the south the village of Dobbs Ferry, and to the east unincorporated parts of Greenburgh, including East Irvington. Irvington includes within its boundaries the community of Ardsley-on-Hudson, which  has its own ZIP code and Metro-North station, but which should not be confused with the nearby village of Ardsley. The population of Irvington at the 2010 census was 6,420. In 2018, it had an estimated population of 6,498. Because many of Irvington's residents–especially those in the upper income brackets–live in Irvington and work in New York City, the village has a reputation as a "commuter town" or a "bedroom community". The village's half-mile-long (0.8 kilometers) Main Street area has been designated as a historic district by New York State and on January  15, 2014, was added to the National Register of Historic Places. In 2010, "Westchester Magazine" ranked Irvington as the "Best Place to Live in Westchester". History. Before the area where Irvington is now located was settled by Europeans, it was inhabited by the Wickquasgeck, a band of the Wappingers, related to the Lenape (Delaware) tribes which dominated lower New York state and New Jersey. The Wickquasgeck still lived in the area as late as 1775. After the Dutch came to the area in the 1600s, the land was part of the Bisightick tract of the Adrian Van der Donck grant . Early settlers in the Irvington area were Stephen Ecker, Jan Harmes, Captain John Buckhout, and Barent Dutcher. The Van der Donck grant was purchased by Frederick Philipse in 1682, after the British had taken over the area in 1664. At first it was settled by tenant farmers, but by the 1700s, most of the settlers were artisans. The King's Highway – later the Albany Post Road, and now Broadway – which connected New York City with Albany, was built through the settlement by the 1720s, which created a need for inns and taverns to supplement Odell's Tavern, which was built  in 1690. In 1785, the state of New York confiscated the Phillipse's land from his grandson, Frederick Philipse III, after he sided with the British in the American Revolution, and sold it to local patriot farmers who had been tenants of the Phillipse family. This is presumably how part of it came to be the farm of William Dutcher. Dutcher sold half of his farm to Justus Dearman in 1817, who then sold it to Gustavo F. Sacchi in 1848 for $26,000. Sacchi sold the parcel to John Jay – the grandson of the American Founding Father by the  same name – that same year, and Jay laid it out as a village which he called "Dearman", after Justus Dearman, and sold lots at auction in New York City starting on April 25, 1850. The organization of the streets into a right-angled grid pattern was criticized by Andrew Jackson Downing, who was at the time the foremost expert on landscape design. Downing condemned the use of the street grid outside of cities and saw the hilly and heavily wooded site of Dearman as particularly suited to his own theories, which called for curvilinear roads and irregular lots which followed  the contours of the land. With the frequent steamboat, stagecoach, and train transportation available, he felt that Dearman could have been an ideal suburb, instead of "mere rows of houses upon streets crossing each other at right angles and bordered with shade trees". The side streets off the village's Main Street – or "Main Avenue", as an 1868 map has it – were originally designated "A", "B", "C", and so forth, but are today named after many of the area's early settlers, such as Barent and William Dutcher, Captain John Buckhout (who lived to 103) and Wolfert Ecker (or "Acker ). American Revolution. Wolfert Ecker's house, then owned by Jacob van Tassel, was burned by the British in the Revolutionary War because it had become a notorious hang-out for American patriots. Washington Irving later wrote about it under the name of Wolfert's Roost" ("roost" meaning "rest"), and purchased and re-modeled another house on the land to become "Sunnyside". Another early settler was Capt. Jan Harnse, and the Harnse-Conklin-Odell Tavern on Broadway was built in 1693 and became an inn in 1743. (See below) It was at Odell's Tavern that the Committee of Safety, the  executive committee of the legislature of the new State of New York, officially received the news that George Washington had lost the Battle of Long Island, and, later, British troops camped nearby, putting Jonathan Odell into custody in the Old Dutch Church in Sleepy Hollow. No major battles of the Revolutionary War were fought in the area, only minor skirmishes between residents and soldiers. With the capture of New York City by the British, Irvington and the rest of southern Westchester County became the "Neutral ground", an unofficial wide zone separating British-occupied territory from that held by the Americans , and the people of the area who remained – many of the Patriot population had fled – traded with both sides to great profit. However, there was also a great deal of pillaging and plundering, even of Tory households, both by the regular British army and loyalist militias and irregulars, all in the name of hunting down rebels. By the time the war was over, the countryside had been ravaged: The country is rich and fertile, and the farms appear to have been advantageously cultivated, but it now has the marks of a country in ruins, a large portion of the proprietors  having abandoned their homes. On the high road where heretofore was a continuous stream of travelers and vehicles, not a single traveler was seen from week to week, month to month. The countryside was silent. The very tracks of the carriages were grown over with grass or weeds. Travelers walked along bypaths. The villages are abandoned, the residents having fled to the north, leaving their homes, where possible, in charge of elder persons and servants. Eventually, the area recovered and continued to develop. The Hudson River Railroad reached the settlement on September 29, 1849; the first passengers on a regularly  scheduled run through the village paid fifty cents to travel from Peekskill to Chambers Street in Manhattan on September 29, 1849. By 1853, a ferry ran across the Hudson from Dearman to Piermont on the west bank, the village had a population of around 600, a hotel, six stores, a lumber yard and around 50 houses, and the hamlet of "Abbotsford" – which would later become Ardsley-on-Hudson – was forming along Clinton Avenue. A change of name. In 1854, Dearman and Abbotsford combined, and by popular vote adopted the name "Irvington", to honor the American author Washington Irving, who was  still alive at that time and living in nearby "Sunnyside" – which is today preserved as a museum. Influential residents of the village prevailed upon the Hudson River Railroad, which had reached the village by 1849, to change the name of the train station to "Irvington", and also convinced the Postmaster to change the name of the local post office as well. It was thus under the name of "Irvington" that the village incorporated on April 16, 1872. By the census of 1860, the population of the village was 599. A few years later, in 1863, Irvington was touched by the  New York Draft Riots. Fearing that the violence in the city, which had to be put down by Federal troops, would spread to Westchester, special police were brought in and quartered in a schoolhouse on Sunnyside Lane. They were commanded by James Hamilton – the third son of Alexander Hamilton – whose estate, Nevis, was on South Broadway. The presence of this special force deterred any violence a group of draft protestors which passed through Greenburgh on their way to Tarrytown may have intended. This was the only instance in which Civil War-related activity directly affected Irvington. With convenient rail transportation  now available, the village's cool summer breezes off the Hudson and the rural riparian setting began to attract wealthy residents of New York City – businessmen, politicians and professionals – to the area to buy up farms and build large summer residences on their new estates, setting a pattern which would hold until the early 20th century. Still, the village continued to expand, with various commercial enterprises opening along the waterfront. Pateman & Lockwood, a lumber, coal and building supply company, opened in the village in 1853, and Lord & Burnham, which built boilers and greenhouses, in 1856. Both expanded to newly created  land across the railroad tracks, in 1889 and 1912 respectively, and the Cypress Lumber Company opened on a nearby site in 1909. Notwithstanding this commercial activity, for many years, through the 19th and early 20th centuries, Irvington was a relatively small community surrounded by numerous large estates and mansions where millionaires, aristocrats and captains of industry lived – the population was reported as 2,299 in 1890 and 2,013 in 1898. After World War I, some of the bigger estates in the area were broken up into smaller lots, and were developed into communities inside the village, such as Jeffrey Park, Matthiessen  Park and Spiro Park. Many of the estates and mansions are now gone, but a small number still exist. After World War II, cooperative apartment complexes were built in the village, but despite these changes, Irvington still has many large houses, and is still an overwhelmingly well-heeled community. Recent events. In June 2016, Irvington Fire Chief Christopher D. DePaoli was one of 23 recipients of the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission medal for heroism. In April 2015, DePaoli stepped in when he saw a woman being attacked by a man with a knife at the Irvington Metro-North Station. DePaoli  was able get between the man and the woman, the man's girlfriend, who was on the ground being stabbed, and distract him with a baseball bat until the police arrived. The man was arrested and the woman survived the attack. Since 2014, Irvington has held a "Celebrate Irvington" festival on the village's Main Street in the early summer. Irvington's first murder since 1974 took place on April 25, 2018, when a recently-hired dishwasher stabbed Bonifacio Rodriguez, a prep cook, in the kitchen of the River City Grille at 6 South Broadway. The accused woman, New York  City resident Rosa Ramirez, told police when she was arrested shortly after the incident. that she had suffered a "psychotic break". Ramirez pleaded guilty to second-degree murder, a Class A felony, on February 21, 2020, in return for an expected sentence of 17 years to life, which was made official in September 2020. In May 2020, a lawsuit was filed against an 18 year old Irvington High School senior, Ellis Pinsky, who was accused with co-conspirators from the US and Europe of swindling digital currency investor Michael Terpin – the founder and chief executive officer of Transform Group – of  $23.8 million in 2018, when the accused was 15 years old, through the use of data stolen from smartphones by "SIM swaps". The complaint alleges that Pinsky had a personal worth of $70 million as of December 2017. The lawsuit was filed in federal court in White Plains, New York and asked for triple damages. An investigation by the "New York Post" revealed that Pinsky lived a lavish lifestyle, driving an Audi R8, maintaining an account with a private air service, purchasing prime tickets to New York Rangers hockey games, and wearing expensive clothing. Pinsky had previously been  recognized by the College Board as being an "AP Scholar". Geography. The village has a total area of , of which or about is land and , or 30.94%, is water. The village's main thoroughfare is Broadway (Route 9) originally an Indian footpath which gradually became a horse track and then a dirt road. It came to be called the "King's Highway" around the time that it reached Albany. Later, it was called the "Queen's Highway", after Queen Anne, the "Highland Turnpike" after 1800 – a name still preserved in the nearby town of Ossining – the "Albany Post Road" and , after 1850, "Broadway". The stretch that runs through Irvington was completed by 1723. During his tenure as Postmaster General, Benjamin Franklin had sandstone milestone markers placed along the Broadway, inscribed with the distance from New York City. Milestone #27 is still in place in Irvington, near the driveway to 30 South Broadway. Broadway runs north-south parallel to the river, and connects Irvington to Dobbs Ferry in the south and Tarrytown in the north. All of the village's major streets, including Main Street, extend east and west from Broadway, and are designated as such. Broadway is designated "North Broadway  above Main Street, and South Broadway" below it. Main Street begins at the Metro-North train station, just off the Hudson River, and travels uphill to Broadway. Side streets off of Main, which were originally designated A Street, B Street, C Street, etc. when the village grid was laid out, now have names, most of which come from local history: Astor, Buckhout, Cottenet, Dutcher, Ecker, Ferris and Grinnell. The southbound Saw Mill River Parkway can be reached via Harriman Road/Cyrus Field Road, past the village reservoir, or East Sunnyside Lane/Mountain Road through East Irvington. The northbound Saw Mill  and the New York State Thruway are accessible via Ardsley, and the Mario Cuomo Bridge is nearby in Tarrytown. Commuter train service to New York City is available at the Irvington and Ardsley-on-Hudson train stations, served by the Metro-North Railroad of the MTA. Bus service is provided on Broadway by the Westchester County Beeline Bus System via route #1T (The Bronx-Yonkers-Tarrytown) and #1W (The Bronx-Yonkers-White Plains). As with all river communities in Westchester, Irvington is traversed by a stretch of the old Croton Aqueduct, about long, which is now part of the  Old Croton Trailway State Park. The Aqueduct is a National Historic Landmark. Demographics. As of the census of 2000, there were 6,631 people, 2,518 households, and 1,812 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,377.4 people per square mile (917.7/km). There were 2,601 housing units at an average density of 932.5 per square mile (359.9/km). The racial makeup of the village was 88.66% White, 1.45% African American, 0.11% Native American, 6.95% Asian, 1.16% from other races, and 1.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.79% of the population. 18.1% were  of Italian, 17.3% Irish, 7.3% German and 5.9% Russian ancestry according to Census 2000. 88.0% spoke English, 4.2% Japanese, 3.6% Spanish, 1.8% Italian and 1.0% German as their first language. There were 2,518 households, out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average  family size was 3.13. In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males. The median income for a household in the village was $96,467, and the median income for a family was $120,895. Males had a median income of $85,708  versus $50,714 for females. The per capita income for the village was $59,116. About 1.2% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 0.9% of those age 65 or over. The average cost for a one-family house in 2010 was $585,780, below the Westchester County average of $725,000, although in 2009 the "median" home price was reported to be $790,000. Bloomberg ranked Irvington 54th in its March 2017 profile of "America's 100 Richest Places". As of 2013, according to the Town  of Greenburgh's assessor's office, the village had 1,182 single-family homes, as well as 103 homes for two families, 12 for three families and an additional 344 multi-families buildings, both co-ops and condos and some rentals. Legend Hollow, the village's one housing development, was constructed in the 1990s and has 69 large houses on lots of a half acre or larger. The Hudson Gateway Multiple Listing Service reported that the median sale price for a single-family home was $1.080 million, up from $790,000 in 2008. Co-ops went from $223,000 to  $263,000 and condos went down from $592,000 to $549,000. Housing. As of 2018, there were approximately 1,180 single-family homes in the village, as well as 100 mutli-family homes. Although Irvington primarily consists of single family homes, there are eight condominium complexs, 13 cooperative ones and 17 apartment buildings, totally almost 1,100 units altogether. Cooperative or condominium apartment complexes in the village include in the Fieldpoint development, Woodbrook Gardens located at 140 North Broadway, and Irvington Gardens at 120 North Broadway, as well as in the Half Moon development on South Buckhout Street. In 1999, the  village began a program to make affordable housing available to the public. Two buildings, The Burnham Building at 2 Main Street, and Hudson Views at Irvington at 1 South Astor Street, provide such units. As of February 2012, the village had passed a local ordnance requiring new developments to provide affordable housing. In August 2017, the Greenwich, Connecticut-based real estate finance company Knighthead Funding provided an $8.5 million first mortgage on a 5.8-acre plot in Irvington on which a 27-unit townhouse development, The Walk at MarkeRidge, was planned to be built. According to press materials, the  development has been approved by the village. The cost of housing in Irvington was pushed upwards by Greenburgh's town-wide re-evaluation of property values, which was initiated in 2016. Economy. Although Irvington is still a suburban "bedroom community", with a large number of people commuting into New York City to work, there are also several notable businesses and institutions located in the village, such as: Government and politics. Irvington is one of six incorporated villages that lie within the town of Greenburgh. The village is governed by a mayor, who is elected every two years in odd-numbered  years, and four trustees, who also serve two-year terms. Two of the trustees are elected in odd-numbered years, with the mayor and the other two in even-numbered years. Each year, the mayor appoints one of the trustees to be deputy mayor. A paid village administrator is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the village, assisted by a clerk-treasurer. The administration is divided into eleven departments: In addition, the mayor and board of trustees are assisted in the governance of the village by a number of voluntary boards and committees: Irvington is protected by its  own 22-person police department, along with a volunteer fire department and volunteer ambulance corps, all of which are located on Main Street. Irvington's government communicates with the village's citizens through a newsletter, e-mail notifications and the village website. 2005 mayoral election. The controversial 2005 Irvington mayoral election was held on March 15, 2005, but was not decided until October 27, 2005. The race between Republican incumbent Dennis P. Flood and Democratic challenger Erin Malloy ended up being decided "by lots", as required by New York state law when a village election is tied (847 votes for  each candidate). The count that took place on election night gave Flood a one-vote lead. On March 18, the Westchester County Board of Elections recounted the votes, giving Malloy a one-vote lead. Turning to two unopened absentee ballots, the board found that one was for Flood, resulting in a tie. The other absentee ballot was not opened as the name on the envelope did not match any names on the voter-registration list. Susan B. Morton, who had registered to vote as Susan Brenner Morton, stepped forward three days later and demanded that her vote for Malloy be  counted. For several months afterward, various suits, motions, and appeals were filed in state courts. On October 20, the Court of Appeals, New York State's highest court, denied requests by Malloy and Morton, leaving the election in a tie. To comply with state law, the village had to use random lots to decide the winner. State law does not specify the method of drawing lots, so the village opted to draw quarters from a bag. Eight quarters were used. Four had a bald eagle on the back and represented Malloy. Flood was represented by four quarters with the Statue  of Liberty on the back. Village Trustee/Deputy Mayor Richard Livingston, a Republican, drew a quarter from the bag. It was handed to Village Clerk Lawrence Schopfer, who declared Flood to be the winner. Flood was then sworn in for his sixth two-year term as mayor of Irvington. Months later, to complicate the situation even more, it was learned that an Irvington resident who has two houses and was registered to vote in both Irvington and a Long Island suburb, inadvertently broke the law by voting in both elections, although his intent was to cancel his Irvington voter registration . He was an adamant supporter of Flood. Erin Malloy was elected mayor in the election of 2007, but resigned in 2008 to spend more time with her injured daughter. Infrastructure. Irvington is one of 83 communities in New York State which are being considered by the New York State Energy and Research Development Authority (ERDA) for the installation of a microgrid system, which would run under Main Street. The village's power lines would be moved underground and solar and natural gas generators would be utilized to make it 80% power self-sufficient. In the initial phase, the board of  trustees is in discussion with a possible technology provider. There are no current community microgrids in New York. On March 4, 2021, Irvington received from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) bronze-level certification as being a "Climate Smart Community", one of 65 such in the state. The certification was based on 17 actions taken by the village, including its Comprehensive Plan, last updated in 2018, an energy audit for the Town Hall, the village's flood mitigation program, the conversion of 81.5 percent of the villages street light to LEDs, and the establishment of a drop -off food waste program. The Climate Smart program, which began in 2009, is designed to provide technical support and guidance to the efforts of communities to deal with the effects of climate change, by, for instance, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving their response to extreme weather. The village also participates in the ERDA's "Clean Energy Communities" program, and has previously received grants from the DEC for flood mitigation and as part of its Municipal Zero-Emission Vehicle program. Education. Primary and secondary schools. Irvington Union Free School District Irvington is part of the Irvington Union Free School District , which also includes East Irvington, an unincorporated area of the Town of Greenburgh, and the Pennybridge section of Tarrytown, Irvington's northern neighbor. The schools are Dows Lane School (K-3), Main Street School (4&5), Irvington Middle School (6–8), and Irvington High School (9–12). The Middle School and High School are sited together on a combined campus on Heritage Hill Road off of North Broadway, on the site where the Stern castle, "Greystone", once stood. Stern purchased the property from Augustus C. Richards in the late nineteenth century. Abbott School Located in Irvington, but not part of the regular public school  district, was the Abbott School, which served homeless, neglected, abused, or developmentally disabled boys in grades 2 through 9. The students came both from the residential Abbott House, where the school was located, and as day students from community schools in Westchester County, Rockland County, and New York City. The school graduated its last class in 2011. Currently, Abbott House operates a number of programs to support children and families with challenging circumstances. Abbot House's administrative offices remain in the former school building in Irvington. Immaculate Conception School The Immaculate Conception School, a Catholic elementary school located in Irvington , was closed by the Archdiocese of New York in June 2008, after 100 years of existence. In the 2009–2010 school year, John Cardinal O'Connor School, a Catholic non-denominational school for students in grades 2 through 8 with learning disabilities, which had formerly been St. Ursula's Learning Center in Mount Kisco, moved into the vacant building. Colleges. There are no colleges totally within Irvington, although part of the campus of Mercy College, founded in 1950, is located there, while the majority is just over the southern border in Dobbs Ferry, very close to Irvington's Ardsley-on-Hudson train  station, which is sub-labelled "Mercy College". In 1890, schoolteacher Mary F. Bennett founded the Bennett School for Girls in the village. The school offered a six-year course of study: four years of high school and two of higher study. In 1907 it moved to Millbrook in Dutchess County, and dropped the high school grades, becoming a junior college; the school was renamed to Bennett College. In that same year, Marymount College was founded in Tarrytown, north of the village. It later became a campus of Fordham University, but closed in 2007. Columbia University maintains in Irvington its Nevis  Laboratories – which specializes in the preparation, design, and construction of high-energy particle and nuclear experiments and equipment, which are transported to major laboratories worldwide, and also houses the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility which specializes in microbeam technology. The grounds also hold an agricultural research center and the offices of Columbia University Press. Culture. In 2018 Brooke Lea Foster of "The New York Times" stated that Irvington was one of several "Rivertowns" in Westchester County, which she described as among the "least suburban of suburbs, each one celebrated by buyers there for its culture and hip factor, as much as  the housing stock and sophisticated post-city life." Of those, Foster stated that Irvington was the "toniest". The Town Hall Theater, opened in 1902 and restored in 1979-80, is located in the village's "Town Hall". It was designed to be a replica of Ford's Theatre in Washington, and was widely thought to be one of the best "opera houses" in the Hudson Valley. It was used for public events such as school graduation ceremonies, police and fire balls, plays and other cultural events. Today, the Town Hall Theater presents a wide variety of events, including concerts, plays , musicals and film series. (For more, see below.) In 2021, a lifelong resident of Irvington, Kamran Saliani, founded the Irvington Shakespeare Company and signed into an Arts Partnership with the Irvington Theater. ISC seeks to decolonize and perform Shakespeare's plays in ways that everyone can understand, aiming to showcase local talent in Westchester, the greater Hudson Valley, and throughout New York State. Religion. Irvington has four Christian churches. Three of them, the Irvington Presbyterian Church (Presbyterian), the Immaculate Conception Church (Roman Catholic) and The Church of St. Barnabas (Episcopal), are clustered together on Broadway, just north of Main Street . The Calvary Chapel of Westchester (Evangelical) is located in the Trent Building on South Buckhout Street. The Jewish community of Irvington is served by three nearby synagogues: the traditional/non-denominational Chabad of the Rivertowns, the conservative Greenburgh Hebrew Center in Dobbs Ferry and the dual reform/conservative synagogue Temple Beth Abraham in Tarrytown. Irvington itself features a "chavurah," or member-led Jewish congregation that follows in the conservative tradition, known as Rosh Pinah Chavurah of the Rivertowns. Irvington is also the location of the Westchester Buddhist Center, whose executive director is interior designer Stacy T. Curchak. Irvington is home  to a number of members of the Unification Church, including several high-ranking families. There are several Church-owned estates and buildings located in Irvington and in the neighboring village of Tarrytown. Reverend Sun Myung Moon, the founder and, until his death in 2010, the spiritual leader of the church, had a large private estate of , the former Frederic Clark Sayles estate, on East Sunnyside Lane. As of 2012, the estate was still owned by the church, under its legal name "Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity". Local media. From 1912 to 1998, Irvington's daily newspaper  was the "Tarrytown Daily News". In 1998, the Gannett Company, the last owner of the newspaper, combined all their area local papers, including the "Daily News", into "The Journal News", which serves Westchester, Rockland and Putnam counties, an area also referred to as the Lower Hudson Valley. From 1907 to 1969, the village was also served by "The Irvington Gazette", a weekly newspaper which was published on Aqueduct Street "in the interest of the village of Irvington and vicinity". From 1975 to the present, the "Rivertowns Enterprise", a weekly newspaper, has reported on local government, schools, sports, arts and business  in Irvington as well as Ardsley, Dobbs Ferry, and Hastings-on-Hudson. Additionally, the "Hudson Independent", a monthly free newspaper begun in 2006, serves Irvington, Sleepy Hollow, and Tarrytown, an area also covered by the "River Journal", an online news site, and "Rivertowns Patch". Historic Irvington. Landmark protection. Irvington is home to a number of historic landmarks and an historic district. In 2018, the village board of trustees passed local legislation which sought "the protection and enhancement" of landmarks and historic sites. The law will be enforced by an architectural review board which will designate "sites, structures, buildings, markers and  objects" that "cannot be duplicated or otherwise replaced" and that are "illustrative of the growth and development of our nation, our state and our Village and that are of particular historic or aesthetic value to Irvington." A village master plan promulgated in 2003 recognized around 200 hones dating from 1859 to 1930 which were worthy of consideration. Quality of life. In an October 2010 ranking of the "Best Places to Live", "Westchester Magazine" listed Irvington as #1, remarking that the village is: Charming, quiet, green, with a darling Main Street, stunning river views, [and] a burgeoning dining scene ... this  unassuming rivertown is pretty near perfect. ... [The village] scored the highest in our tally, getting a perfect 10 for safety and proximity to water ... a 9 for its schools ... and an 8 for its green space ... All in all, a great mix. Factors in which Irvington did not score well in this ranking were "Diversity" and "Property tax", both with a score of four out of ten, and "Housing cost", which earned a five. In May 2015, the village released a report which indicated that its water supply exceeded the requirements laid down by the State of New York. In  November 2016, it was rated as #17 on a list of the "30 Safest Places To Live In New York – 2016". Its violent crime rate per 1000 was 0.2, and its property crime rate, also per 1000, was 2.7. Niche.com, a rating and ranking website, listed Irvington as #16 of all New York locations on its list of "Best Suburbs to Live in America", although it was not listed in the top 100 in the U.S., nor was any location in New York. Factors considered for the April 2017 list included the quality of the schools, the crime rate, employment , amenities, using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. the U.S. Census Bureau, and the FBI. In May 2017, Niche rated Irvington as "A+" in their list of the best and worst places to live in New York. On the other hand, in February 2016 the website "RoadSnacks", in an article which made clear that it was "opinion based on fact" and intended as "infotainment", not as serious science, listed Irvington as the third most boring place in New York State, after Briarcliff Manor and Rye Brook in Westchester, and just above Croton-on-Hudson, also in Westchester, and Chestnut  Ridge in Rockland. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, when many wealthy New York City residents abandoned the city to move to places which were considered to be safer and less affected by the virus, Irvington was one of the places in Westchester County which showed "a significant increase in sales by New York City residents". Parks and recreation. As of 2018 about 35% of Irvington's land is undeveloped public land, and, as of 2010, 23 percent of the land in Irvington is set aside for parks and recreation. Three of Irvington's parks, Memorial Park "(Dows Lane or  Station Road)", Matthiessen Park "(Bridge Street off Astor Street)", and Halsey Pond Park, are open only to village residents with a permit, but others are accessible by the general public. The Irvington Parks and Recreation Department is located in the Isabel K. Benjamin Community Center on Main Street. Restaurants. One of the first of the notable restaurants to be founded in Irvington was "Mima Vinoteca" on Main Street, begun by Dana Santucci in 2007. In 2009, "Westchester Magazine" named Irvington as the best place for "foodies" to live on the west side of Westchester County, although the article named only  two restaurants in the village itself – "Red Hat" and "Chutney Masala" – as well as others in nearby Dobbs Ferry, Hastings and Tarrytown. In May 2012, chef Michael Psilakis opened "MP Taverna" in a space in the former Lord & Burnham warehouses near the river. In 2013, the "Sixty One Bistro" opened at 61 Main Street, and in November 2014, "Wolfert's Roost" – named after the original name of Washington Irving's Sunnyside estate – opened at 100 Main Street with an "exuberant" menu, which includes a 38-ounce steak for $129 that "looks like something Fred Flintstone might have slapped on  the grill"; in October 2016 it was announced that it would be closing as a full-time restaurant in favor of catering and occasional "pop up" restaurants. The owner, Eric Korn, was also opening a traditional pizza shop on the same block. Also on Main Street is "La Chinita Poblana", which also opened in 2014, a strong, un-"kitschy" Mexican restaurant decorated with paintings by Diego Rivera, and "Chutney Masala", a Tandoori restaurant, which moved in 2016 from the Irvington waterfront to 76 Main Street. In October 2016, the owner of "Chutney Masala" opened "Sambal Thai and Malaysian" on Main Street . In addition, Irvington's former New York Central Railroad station house, which was a ticket office from 1889 to 1957, is now, in 2016, with the addition of an outdoor garden, "Brrzaar", a 20-seat café. In December 2020, "Esquire" magazine highlighted the "Irvington Delight Market", a bodega on the corner of South Broadway and Main Street, which specializes in homemade Middle Eastern food, as one of "100 Restaurants America Can't Afford to Lose". Notable people. Notable past residents. Notable past residents of Irvington include: John Jacob Astor III, the wealthiest man in America at the time; Amzi Lorenzo  Barber, the asphalt king; Albert Bierstadt, a noted landscape painter; Samuel Colman, a landscape painter of the Hudson River School,lived in Irvington in the 1860s and made a number of paintings featuring the countryside around the village. While there, he had Louis Comfort Tiffany as one of his students; Chauncey M. Depew, president of the New York Central Railroad and a United States senator; Composer George Drumm lived in Irvington's Half Moon apartment complex in his later life; Cyrus W. Field, who laid the first transatlantic telegraph cable, who once owned in the area– now known as Ardsley  Park – and whose house "Inanda" – meaning "pleasant place" in Zulu – he built in 1875 for one of his daughter and her husband went on the market in 2016 for $2.95 million., later reduced to $2.85 million; Frank Jay Gould, the philanthropist son of Jay Gould; and Frederick W. Guiteau and David Dows, who made their millions in grain commissions and railroads. James Alexander Hamilton, the son of Alexander Hamilton and onetime acting secretary of State of New York, had his estate "Nevis" in Irvington. He died there on September 24, 1878. The Reverend Sun Myung Moon, head of  the Unification Church, had a residence in Irvington at the time of his death; Lillian Nordica, a noted opera singer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries; Charles Lewis Tiffany the founder of Tiffany & Co., whose son, Louis Comfort Tiffany, designed the Tiffany glass which can be seen in the clock tower and lighting fixtures in the Town Hall and the stained glass windows in the Presbyterian Church; Madam C. J. Walker (see "Villa Lewaro" in Points of Interest above); and Justine Bayard Cutting Ward, who developed the Ward method of music education. Jazz saxophonist Stan Getz lived in  Irvington – his estate, "Shadowbrook", is less than a mile from Washington Irving's home, at the intersection of Broadway and West Sunnyside Lane; Getz' ex-wife, Monica still resides in the village (see below). Stan Getz's contemporary, jazz drummer and bandleader Mel Lewis (né Melvin Sokoloff) also lived in Irvington. Silent film and Broadway theater actor William Black was born in Irvington, as was Julianna Rose Mauriello, the star of the children's television series "LazyTown". Actress Joan Blondell lived in Irvington for a time, in the late 1940s and early 1950s, with her husband – movie producer Mike Todd  – and Blondell's children, including Norman S. Powell (the adopted son of Dick Powell), who went to Irvington's public schools. In the 1970s, actors Jack Cassidy and Shirley Jones, who were married, lived for a time in Irvington, along with their son Shaun Cassidy – but not David Cassidy, who no longer lived with the family by then. Shaun attended the Irvington Public Schools for a short time. Actress and filmmaker Penny Peyser – whose father, Peter A. Peyser was the mayor of the village for eight years, and later a three-term Congressman – grew up in Irvington and attended the  public schools there, graduating in 1969. Ted Mack, for many years the host of "Ted Mack's Original Amateur Hour" on television, was also a resident, as was actress Patricia Neal, who lived in Irvington for a while. Oscar-winning cinematographer Wally Pfister, noted for his work on "Inception" (2010) and Christopher Nolan's "Batman" films, was raised in Irvington in the 1960s and 70s, and attended the local schools. The acting couple Debra Winger and Arliss Howard also lived in Irvington. Singer Julius La Rosa lived in Irvington for over 40 years, until November 2015. Poet Lucia Perillo – who  received a MacArthur "Genius" grant in 2000, and died of multiple sclerosis in 2016 – grew up in Irvington in the 1960s. Historical author Robert K. Massie lived in Irvington for over 50 years, and died there in his home in 2019. Broadway actor John Braden also died in his home there in 2020. Notable current residents. Irvington is currently home to a number of notable people, including: Michael Douglas and Catherine Zeta-Jones, who bought a 12-acre estate with a 22-room 8-bedroom Georgian mansion on Fargo Lane in September 2019 for $4.5 million – the property has  been described as "arguably the best large track of riverfront property available in Westchester"; professional golfer Danny Balin, retired TV weatherman Storm Field; designer Eileen Fisher; Sesame Workshop co-founder Monica Getz; jazz musician Bob James; David A. Kaplan, Israeli-American pianist Elisha Abas, journalist and author of "The Most Dangerous Branch: Inside the Supreme Court's Assault on the Constitution"; Formula 500 race car driver David Lapham, choreographer Peter Martins and former New York City Ballet dancer Darci Kistler; Fox News newscaster Jon Scott; and television host Meredith Vieira. As of February 2020, Dan Peres, a memoirist and former  high-profile magazine editor, lived in Irvington. In popular culture. Films and television Literature References. Informational notes Citations Bibliography External links. Maps and images History Media