You searched for subject:( traffic light detection). Showing records 1 – 30 of 393 total matches.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering (22)
1. Movius, Samantha Jane. Self-organisation in traffic Signal control algorithms.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Two popular types of traffic signal control are fixed-time control and vehicle-actuated control. The latter method involves switching traffic signals based on detected… (more)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Two popular types of traffic signal control are fixed-time control and vehicle-actuated control. The latter method involves switching traffic signals based on detected traffic ows and thus offers more exibility than the former, which relies solely on cyclic, predetermined signal phases. The notion of self-organisation has relatively recently been proposed as an alternative approach towards improving traffic signal control, particularly during periods of light traffic flow, due to its flexible nature and its potential to result in emergent behaviour. The effectiveness of five self-organising traffic signal control strategies from the literature, as well as a fixed-time control strategy, have previously been compared in a simulated environment. Various shortcomings of three of these algorithms are pointed out in this dissertation and algorithmic improvements are suggested to remedy these defficiencies. The significant improvements resulting from these algorithmic modifications are then quantified by means of their implementation in a newly designed agent-based, microscopic traffic simulation model. Two novel self-organising traffic control algorithms are also proposed in this dissertation. These algorithms have been designed in such a way as to avoid certain shortcomings discovered in the aforementioned algorithms. The two novel algorithms, together with the improved versions of the three existing algorithms and the remaining pair of algorithms from the literature, are also subjected to thorough testing in the aforementioned simulation framework in terms of their propensity to facilitate the formation of green waves and to recover from various disruptions (such as road closures or abnormal traffic induced by large events) within the context of both gridded street networks and corridors with approaching side roads. All eight algorithms are finally implemented in a simulation model representing an existing road network in order to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of these algorithms within the context of a real-world scenario. It is found that the two newly proposed algorithms outperform existing self-organising traffic signal control algorithms under certain traffic conditions and road network topologies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Twee populêre tipes verkeersbeheertegnieke is vaste-tyd beheer en voertuig-geïnduseerde beheer. Volgens laasgenoemde tegniek berus die wisseling van verkeerseine op die meting van verkeersvloei wat meer buigsaamheid bied as die eersgenoemde tegniek wat berus op sikliese, voorafbepaalde seinfases. Die begrip van self-organisering is relatief onlangs as 'n alternatief vir verbeterde verkeerseinbeheer voorgestel as gevolg van die buigsame aard en die potensiaal daarvan om te lei na ontluikende gedrag. Die doeltreffendheid van vyf self-organiserende verkeersbeheerstrategieë uit die literatuur is reeds voorheen in 'n gesimuleerde omgewing vergelyk. Verskeie tekortkominge van drie van hierdie algoritmes word in hierdie proefskrif uitgewys en algoritmiese…
Subjects/Keywords: Traffic signs and signals – Control systems; Traffic flow – Automatic detection; UCTD; Electronic traffic controls
Movius, S. J. (2018). Self-organisation in traffic Signal control algorithms . (Doctoral Dissertation). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103301
Movius, Samantha Jane. “Self-organisation in traffic Signal control algorithms.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103301.
Movius, Samantha Jane. “Self-organisation in traffic Signal control algorithms.” 2018. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Movius SJ. Self-organisation in traffic Signal control algorithms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103301.
Movius SJ. Self-organisation in traffic Signal control algorithms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103301
2. Pienaar, Leanne Jane. Probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft near airports.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Increasing air traffic and urbanisation has led to a cluttered airspace, particularly near airports, where both complex terrain and multiple moving obstacles are… (more)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Increasing air traffic and urbanisation has led to a cluttered airspace, particularly near airports, where both complex terrain and multiple moving obstacles are frequent. Accurately and efficiently predicting violations in safe separation criteria for commercial aircraft, a process called conflict detection, is therefore crucial in assessing risk associated with threats of collision. Existing avoidance systems in operation such as TCAS, EGPWS and ATC exhibit shortcomings, leaving room for uncertainty and possible conflict scenarios. A single on-board system capable of minimising errors in prediction would inform conflict resolution decisions more accurately as well as support the notion of free flight, an objective of next-generation air traffic management systems. This thesis investigates the viability of a modern algorithm, probability flow, as a method of probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft in airport environments. Simulation results for realistic flight scenarios are presented in comparison with a ground-truth result obtained through Monte Carlo simulation. Observations are made regarding the suitability of probability flow for real-world application. It is found that probability flow is capable of calculating a tight upper bound to the probability of conflict quickly and accurately for most conflict scenarios. However, unreasonably large overestimates on the probability of conflict are obtained when flying parallel to an obstacle conflict region. This problem could lead to a high frequency of false alerts, particularly in aborted landing scenarios and at airports operating parallel runways. It is therefore advised that further research be conducted to resolve this problem before probability flow can be reliably implemented in an airport environment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toenemende lugverkeer en verstedeliking het gelei tot ‘n deurmekaar lugruim, veral naby lughawens, waar beide komplekse terrein en verskeie bewegende struikelblokke gereeld voorkom. Akkuraat en doeltreffende voorspelling van oortredings in veilige skeidingskriteria vir kommersiële vliegtuie, naamlik konflik opsporing, is dus van kardinale belang in die beoordeling van die risiko wat verband hou met dreigemente van ‘n botsing. Bestaande vermyding stelsels in werking soos TCAS, EGPWS en ATC toon tekortkominge, wat ruimte laat vir onsekerheid en moontlike konflik scenario’s. ‘n Enkele aanboordstelsel, wat in staat is om foute in voorspelling te verminder, sou konflikresolusie besluite meer akkuraat in kennis stel, asook om die idee van vrye vlug te ondersteun, ‘n doelwit van toekomstige lugverkeer beheerstelsels. Hierdie tesis ondersoek die lewensvatbaarheid van ‘n moderne algoritme, waarskynlikheidsvloei, as ‘n metode van probabilistiese konflik opsporing vir kommersiële vliegtuie in die lughawens omgewing. Simulasie resultate vir realistiese vlug scenario’s word aangebied in vergelyking met ‘n grond-waarheid resultaat wat verkry word deur middel van Monte Carlo…
Subjects/Keywords: Airports – Probabilistic conflict detection; Air traffic management systems; UCTD
Pienaar, L. J. (2015). Probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft near airports . (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97033
Pienaar, Leanne Jane. “Probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft near airports.” 2015. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97033.
Pienaar, Leanne Jane. “Probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft near airports.” 2015. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Pienaar LJ. Probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft near airports. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97033.
Pienaar LJ. Probabilistic conflict detection for commercial aircraft near airports. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97033
3. Lombard, Leighton. Investigating the utility of LiDAR for modelling forest canopy gaps and species classification.
Lombard, Leighton. “Investigating the utility of LiDAR for modelling forest canopy gaps and species classification.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103375.
Lombard, Leighton. “Investigating the utility of LiDAR for modelling forest canopy gaps and species classification.” 2018. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Lombard L. Investigating the utility of LiDAR for modelling forest canopy gaps and species classification. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103375.
4. Ashworth, Ian Leslie Raymond. Vehicle tracking and traffic monitoring at an intersection using an uncalibrated stereo vision system.
Ashworth, Ian Leslie Raymond. “Vehicle tracking and traffic monitoring at an intersection using an uncalibrated stereo vision system.” 2012. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5333.
Ashworth, Ian Leslie Raymond. “Vehicle tracking and traffic monitoring at an intersection using an uncalibrated stereo vision system.” 2012. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Ashworth ILR. Vehicle tracking and traffic monitoring at an intersection using an uncalibrated stereo vision system. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5333.
5. Adams, Mark. The Road Traffic Management Corporation: a case study.
Adams, Mark. “The Road Traffic Management Corporation: a case study.” 2009. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2151.
Adams, Mark. “The Road Traffic Management Corporation: a case study.” 2009. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Adams M. The Road Traffic Management Corporation: a case study. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2151.
6. Okeowo, Oluwatimilehin Oluwaseun. Investigating quality of data and the need for the restructuring of accident report form in South Africa.
Okeowo, Oluwatimilehin Oluwaseun. “Investigating quality of data and the need for the restructuring of accident report form in South Africa.” 2018. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103386.
Okeowo, Oluwatimilehin Oluwaseun. “Investigating quality of data and the need for the restructuring of accident report form in South Africa.” 2018. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Okeowo OO. Investigating quality of data and the need for the restructuring of accident report form in South Africa. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103386.
7. Yumlu, Cennet. Calibration of the SIDRA capacity analysis package for South African traffic conditions.
The SIDRA (Signalised Intersection Design and Research Aid) is calibrated for South African traffic conditions. Traditionally, South African traffic engineers made use… (more)
The SIDRA (Signalised Intersection Design and Research Aid) is calibrated for South African traffic conditions. Traditionally, South African traffic engineers made use of American or Australian based information to analyze traffic operations at signalised intersections. Two major models used in South Africa are HCM (Highway Capacity Manual) by the Transportation Research Board in the USA and SIDRA by the Australian Road Research Board. SIDRA is gaining popularity in South Africa because of the practical problems of the mirror image, which has to be maintained in using the HCM method due to the right side driving in the USA and other possible differences on driver behavior, vehicle attributes, geometric design and traffic control. SIDRA seems to be more suitable for South African conditions. Recently the use of SIDRA in this country has been increased to 44 organizations. This study aims to prepare a unified default file for South African users. Due to the large number of model parameters in SIDRA, priority is given to important ones for which information is readily available. And this study is confined to signalised intersections rather than all intersection types.
Subjects/Keywords: Traffic engineering - South Africa; Traffic flow - South Africa; Traffic flow - Data processing
Yumlu, C. (2014). Calibration of the SIDRA capacity analysis package for South African traffic conditions . (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10244
Yumlu, Cennet. “Calibration of the SIDRA capacity analysis package for South African traffic conditions.” 2014. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10244.
Yumlu, Cennet. “Calibration of the SIDRA capacity analysis package for South African traffic conditions.” 2014. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Yumlu C. Calibration of the SIDRA capacity analysis package for South African traffic conditions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10244.
Yumlu C. Calibration of the SIDRA capacity analysis package for South African traffic conditions. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10244
8. Rheeder, Jacob Frederick Hendrik. 'n Metode, gebaseer op ekonomiese beginsels, om die noodsaaklikheid van 'n verkeersbeheersein te bepaal.
Another method is suggested in this paper to decide on the method of control at intersections. A computer program has been developed to simulate… (more)
Another method is suggested in this paper to decide on the method of control at intersections. A computer program has been developed to simulate traffic on a macroscopic basis to obtain cost for delay, fuel consumption, accidents, maintenance, oil consumption and capital investment. The total cost per vehicle proved that the existing criteria are conservative in so far they warrant traffic signs earlier than necessary ...
Subjects/Keywords: Traffic flow - South Africa; Traffic signs and signals - South Africa; Traffic regulations - South Africa
Rheeder, J. F. H. (2015). 'n Metode, gebaseer op ekonomiese beginsels, om die noodsaaklikheid van 'n verkeersbeheersein te bepaal . (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14619
Rheeder, Jacob Frederick Hendrik. “'n Metode, gebaseer op ekonomiese beginsels, om die noodsaaklikheid van 'n verkeersbeheersein te bepaal.” 2015. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14619.
Rheeder, Jacob Frederick Hendrik. “'n Metode, gebaseer op ekonomiese beginsels, om die noodsaaklikheid van 'n verkeersbeheersein te bepaal.” 2015. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Rheeder JFH. 'n Metode, gebaseer op ekonomiese beginsels, om die noodsaaklikheid van 'n verkeersbeheersein te bepaal. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14619.
Rheeder JFH. 'n Metode, gebaseer op ekonomiese beginsels, om die noodsaaklikheid van 'n verkeersbeheersein te bepaal. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14619
9. Khoza, Vukayibambe Isaac. Penalization of traffic offenders in the Magisterial District of Lower Umfolozi .
► This research is based on the penalization of traffic offenders in the magisterial district of Lower Umfolozi- For purposes of collecting data, a structured, pre-coded… (more)
▼ This research is based on the penalization of traffic offenders in the magisterial district of Lower Umfolozi- For purposes of collecting data, a structured, pre-coded (content analysis) information schedule has been implemented to capture data on traffic offences and traffic offenders- Unstructured interviews were also implemented to supplement official data collected at the magistrate's court at Empangeni. The chief magistrate, presiding judicial officers, public prosecutors, clerk of the court and traffic officers were interviewed. The voluminous number of traffic violations in South Africa necessitated the enactment of road traffic legislation. Traffic legislation applicable to drivers of motor vehicles include the Road Traffic Ordinance No. 21 of 1966 (which was in force up to 31 May 1990) as well as the Road Traffic Act No. 29 of 1989. The comprehensive function of traffic legislation is to bring about a state of equilibrium in traffic safety and to discourage (deter) by means of penalization further commission of traffic offences. The classification of traffic offences is the actual focal point of the consideration of penalization of traffic offenders. For purposes of this research, traffic offences have been arbitrarily dichotomized into three discrete categories: *	driving offences; *	vehicle-related offences; and *	document offences. Traffic offenders are consequently classified according to the commission of the three categories of traffic offences. The causation of traffic offences can be explained in relation to individual-human and social environmental factors. Correlation analyses of 4771 traffic offenders have been effected in relation to the three identified categories of traffic offences including traffic dynamics.	Correlation analyses are based on demographic variables such as race, sex, age and occupation. Data are portrayed in tabular form. Traffic control in the magisterial district of Lower Umfolozi is effected by three traffic organizations: *	Natal Provincial Administration (based at Empangeni); *	Empangeni municipal traffic department; and *	Richards Bay municipal traffic department. The primary aim of traffic law enforcement is to maintain traffic order by reducing traffic offences. Traffic officers perform the following important functions: administrative, executive and supervisory acts of authority. Penalization of traffic offenders follows the violation of traffic laws.	The Road Traffic Act (Act 29 of 1989) prescribes penalization of traffic offenders, while the Criminal Procedure Act (Act 51 of 1977) prescribes the range of sentences that must be imposed on (traffic) offenders. Disparities with regard to penalizing traffic offenders were discovered by means of this investigation which brought to light many issues reflected as key findings. It has been established that Whites featured predominantly in driving offence commission, while Blacks featured predominantly in the commission of vehicle-related offences. Asians and Coloureds… Advisors/Committee Members: Potgieter, P.J (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Traffic violations
Khoza, V. I. (1993). Penalization of traffic offenders in the Magisterial District of Lower Umfolozi . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/509
Khoza, Vukayibambe Isaac. “Penalization of traffic offenders in the Magisterial District of Lower Umfolozi .” 1993. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/509.
Khoza, Vukayibambe Isaac. “Penalization of traffic offenders in the Magisterial District of Lower Umfolozi .” 1993. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Khoza VI. Penalization of traffic offenders in the Magisterial District of Lower Umfolozi . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 1993. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/509.
Khoza VI. Penalization of traffic offenders in the Magisterial District of Lower Umfolozi . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/509
10. Kabingesi, Mlulami Goodenough. The image of traffic policing in Transkei .
Kabingesi, Mlulami Goodenough. “The image of traffic policing in Transkei .” 1995. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1306.
Kabingesi, Mlulami Goodenough. “The image of traffic policing in Transkei .” 1995. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Kabingesi MG. The image of traffic policing in Transkei . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 1995. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1306.
11. Volschenk, Derich. 'n Diens- operasionele- en winsmodel vir langafstand spoorpassasiersvervoer.
The South African economy requires effective low cost passenger transport in order to provide sufficient time and place utility for its population. The role… (more)
The South African economy requires effective low cost passenger transport in order to provide sufficient time and place utility for its population. The role that long distance passenger transport plays within this economic framework is important and ranges from inter city transport of passengers traveling for work and private purposes to that of metro transport. It is also important to note that long distance passenger transport plays an important role in the development of rural areas. Huge potential also exists for long distance passenger transport to assist in the development of the tourism industry. Long distance rail passenger transport forms an integrated part of the long distance passenger market. Due to the characteristics of long distance rail passenger transport this form of transport is specially conducive to providing low cost transport to low income groups. This situation enhances development and social interaction of the community in different geographical areas. Although long distance rail passenger transport plays an important role in the national economy the service has traditionally not generated a profit. The reasons for this situation are diverse and complex. This study addresses some of the traditional managerial approaches towards the business. A model is developed to enable management to focus on detailed service-level management that will enhance a higher service level with lower associated costs. This study focuses on service profitability management with the associated costing and pricing methods, and concomitant management information systems. During the discussion of these specific issues some of the cost and revenue deficiencies are identified, and possible solutions are proposed for these problems. Concerns with the traditional costing method are discussed in this study, where after a new model is developed to incorporate all costs that are necessary for product costing. The main reasons for adapting a different approach to costing of services are as follows'. Accurate costing of services enables management to decide on the improvement, continuation or discontinuation of a certain service. Service costing is used as a decision tool for the determination of fares for each service that is provided. The costing model incorporates the reclassification of expenses and costing of services according to their life cycle. For the purpose of arriving at a revenue level that should satisfy sustainable economical development and specific company requirements namely profitability, this study develops a method for calculating fares for long distance passenger rail transport. This method includes internal as well as external environmental issues. The primary requirement for a service profitability model is for management to obtain the relevant information that would enable such a model to function effectively. Due to the purpose of the study, namely to develop a decision model for management a project management approach for the development of a management information system is discussed.…
Subjects/Keywords: Railroads - South Africa - Passenger traffic
Volschenk, D. (2012). 'n Diens- operasionele- en winsmodel vir langafstand spoorpassasiersvervoer . (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7744
Volschenk, Derich. “'n Diens- operasionele- en winsmodel vir langafstand spoorpassasiersvervoer.” 2012. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7744.
Volschenk, Derich. “'n Diens- operasionele- en winsmodel vir langafstand spoorpassasiersvervoer.” 2012. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Volschenk D. 'n Diens- operasionele- en winsmodel vir langafstand spoorpassasiersvervoer. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7744.
Volschenk D. 'n Diens- operasionele- en winsmodel vir langafstand spoorpassasiersvervoer. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7744
12. Snyman, Daniël Jacobus. 'n Ondersoek na die vervoerbehoeftes van Swartes aan die Oosrand met spesiale verwysing na die rol van spoorvervoer in die verhoging van die Swartes se mobiliteit.
Snyman, Daniël Jacobus. “'n Ondersoek na die vervoerbehoeftes van Swartes aan die Oosrand met spesiale verwysing na die rol van spoorvervoer in die verhoging van die Swartes se mobiliteit.” 2015. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14700.
Snyman, Daniël Jacobus. “'n Ondersoek na die vervoerbehoeftes van Swartes aan die Oosrand met spesiale verwysing na die rol van spoorvervoer in die verhoging van die Swartes se mobiliteit.” 2015. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Snyman DJ. 'n Ondersoek na die vervoerbehoeftes van Swartes aan die Oosrand met spesiale verwysing na die rol van spoorvervoer in die verhoging van die Swartes se mobiliteit. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14700.
13. Swanepoel, Charl. Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa.
► Road safety is an aspect of major concern on road networks, not only on a local scale in South Africa, but also on a global… (more)
▼ Road safety is an aspect of major concern on road networks, not only on a local scale in South Africa, but also on a global scale. South Africa is experiencing an unacceptably high rate of fatal road traffic crashes and as a result has one of the highest per capita rate of road fatalities in the world. The Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011 – 2020 was published in 2011 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to guide and assist countries with the improvement of road safety. The management of vehicle speeds is one of numerous important interventions identified in the Global Plan. The technical and economic feasibility of using a specific Road safety is an aspect of major concern on road networks, not only on a local scale in South Africa, but also on a global scale. South Africa is experiencing an unacceptably high rate of fatal road traffic crashes and as a result has one of the highest per capita rate of road fatalities in the world. The Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011 – 2020 was published in 2011 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to guide and assist countries with the improvement of road safety. The management of vehicle speeds is one of numerous important interventions identified in the Global Plan. The technical and economic feasibility of using a specific technology, namely Vehicle Activated Signs (VAS), to contribute to the overall improvement of road safety on a national level in South Africa were investigated, with particular emphasis on the improvement of road safety through the reduction of fatal road traffic crashes. VAS are part of a range of measures that can be used to curb vehicle speeds, similar to conventional measures like speed cameras and traffic calming devices. VAS technology has seen limited use in South extrapolation of results from SCC’s VAS effectiveness study, and the application of these results to the South African road safety and road user statistics for the one year period March 2011 to March 2012. Key factors relating to speed and general driver obedience were also taken into consideration. It was established that the use of VAS would lead to a moderate reduction in the number of fatal road traffic crashes that occur annually, which in turn holds financial and socio-economic benefits for South Africa. A comparison of selected products available from two South African based electronic road sign manufacturing companies with conventional VAS was also carried out, focussing on product function, use and cost. It has been concluded that it would be technically and economically feasible to introduce VAS on the South African road network to improve the prevailing road safety situation.
Subjects/Keywords: Traffic signs and signals – South Africa; Electronic traffic controls
Swanepoel, C. (2015). Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa . (Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3745
Swanepoel, Charl. “Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa.” 2015. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3745.
Swanepoel, Charl. “Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa.” 2015. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Swanepoel C. Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3745.
Swanepoel C. Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa. [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3745
14. Tang, Hao. Pre-signal study at an at-grade intersection with separate right-turn phase.
Degree: MScEng, Civil Engineering, 2015, Stellenbosch University
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Capacity waste happens when right-turn vehicles have right-of-way during a separate right-turn phase and lanes (e.g., through lanes) of the same approach of… (more)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Capacity waste happens when right-turn vehicles have right-of-way during a separate right-turn phase and lanes (e.g., through lanes) of the same approach of the intersection cannot discharge vehicles during that green phase. Right-turn traffic consumes the capacity which otherwise could be provided to through traffic movements at an at-grade signalized intersection. Therefore, it is widely considered that it would lower intersection capacity and increase total delay (Lin, Machemehl, Lee & Herman, 1984). The pre-signal strategy proposed in this research is specifically designed to improve this problem. The following aspects of this strategy were studied in this research, - Capacity benefits of this strategy, - Relationships between the capacity and the length of sorting area (the area between the two signals), - Signal timing of both main signal and pre-signal, - Clearance time of the sorting area, - Main signal phasing options - Signal coordination between the main signal and the pre-signal, - Utilization of the sorting area, and - Pre-signal strategy performance in a simulated environment. The results of this study showed that right-turn movement benefits significantly from this pre-signal strategy. For example, right-turn capacity can be doubled if a presignal is installed on one through lane of an approach with one right-turn lane. It was also found, the maximum approach capacity benefit is not affected significantly by the length of the sorting area for a given green period. The optimal green time and the available pre-signal green time for right-turn movement were also derived in this research. Different main signal phasing options were studied and compared. Phasing options which fit the proposed pre-signal strategy were found. Recommended values for right-turn green time of both signals were given based on different lengths of sorting area. The case study, which compared the performance of some critical movements at the intersection with and without the proposed pre-signal system, confirms the results concluded in this study. A potential problem with this strategy when applied at a real intersection is that it may confuse drivers. Drivers need to be educated and will need time to get familiar with this signal control method.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Beskermde regsdraaifases vir verkeer by gelykvlak seinbeheerde kruisings gebruik die kapasiteit wat benut kon word deur deurbewegings. Dit verlaag interseksie kapasiteit en totale oponthoud verhoog. Die voorseinstrategie wat in die navorsing studie voorgestel word is spesifiek ontwikkel om die probleem op te los of te verminder. Die volgende aspekte van die strategie is ondersoek in die navorsingsstudie: - Kapasiteitsvoordele van die strategie. - Die verhouding tussen die kapasiteit en die lengte van die sorteringsarea (die area tussen die twee seine). - Seintydstoedeling van beide die hoofseinfase en die voorseinfase. - Ontruimingstyd van die stoorarea. - Hoofseinfaseopsies. - Seinkoordenasie tussen die…
Advisors/Committee Members: Andersen, Johann, Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering..
Subjects/Keywords: Signalized intersections; Traffic engineering; Right-turn lanes; Traffic signs and signals
Tang, H. (2015). Pre-signal study at an at-grade intersection with separate right-turn phase . (Masters Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96484
Tang, Hao. “Pre-signal study at an at-grade intersection with separate right-turn phase.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96484.
Tang, Hao. “Pre-signal study at an at-grade intersection with separate right-turn phase.” 2015. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Tang H. Pre-signal study at an at-grade intersection with separate right-turn phase. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96484.
Tang H. Pre-signal study at an at-grade intersection with separate right-turn phase. [Masters Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96484
15. Kruger, Pieter. Ondersoek na geskikte amber- en allesrooiperiodes by verkeersligbeheerde kruisings onder Suid-Afrikaanse toestande.
Consecutive green phases at signalized intersections are separated by an amber and sometimes all-red period to allow a safe changeover from flow in… (more)
Consecutive green phases at signalized intersections are separated by an amber and sometimes all-red period to allow a safe changeover from flow in one direction to another. Al though this signal change interval consists of only a few seconds, existing practice in setting this signal change interval varies considerably. Research on this subj ect has focused on understanding how individual drivers react when they are confronted by a change signal. Identifying the factors that describe the need for different change intervals can most easily be determined by measuring the aggregated behaviour of motorists under conditions where these factors vary. Evidence suggests that the South African driver overseas counterpart regarding his attitude towards interval differs from his the signal change Field observations of drivers' aggregated behaviour when confronted by a change interval were made at 17 approaches to 9 different intersections. The linear relationship between the signal change interval and various factors which apparently have an influence on the need for such a period were determined. The regression models were also structured to allow evaluation of existing models such as the well-known ITE-formula. The results were evaluated statistically. It was not possible to calibrate the ITE-formula for South African conditions. The approach adopted here conforms to tiling designs that use a constant (for a specific approach) amber interval. This constant is probably a summation of the influence of all the factors which influence the need for a signal change interval. The use of the clearance time for a crossing, as the all-red period, is also ascertained.
Subjects/Keywords: Electronic traffic controls; Traffic signs and signals - South Africa
Kruger, P. (2014). Ondersoek na geskikte amber- en allesrooiperiodes by verkeersligbeheerde kruisings onder Suid-Afrikaanse toestande . (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12823
Kruger, Pieter. “Ondersoek na geskikte amber- en allesrooiperiodes by verkeersligbeheerde kruisings onder Suid-Afrikaanse toestande.” 2014. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12823.
Kruger, Pieter. “Ondersoek na geskikte amber- en allesrooiperiodes by verkeersligbeheerde kruisings onder Suid-Afrikaanse toestande.” 2014. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Kruger P. Ondersoek na geskikte amber- en allesrooiperiodes by verkeersligbeheerde kruisings onder Suid-Afrikaanse toestande. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12823.
Kruger P. Ondersoek na geskikte amber- en allesrooiperiodes by verkeersligbeheerde kruisings onder Suid-Afrikaanse toestande. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12823
16. Mudau, Azwitamisi Eric. Characterization of polarization effects on deployed aerial optical fibre in South Africa.
Mudau, Azwitamisi Eric. “Characterization of polarization effects on deployed aerial optical fibre in South Africa.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1060.
Mudau, Azwitamisi Eric. “Characterization of polarization effects on deployed aerial optical fibre in South Africa.” 2008. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Mudau AE. Characterization of polarization effects on deployed aerial optical fibre in South Africa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1060.
17. Gamatham, Romeo Reginald Gunther. Investigation of polarization mode dispersion measurement perfomance in optical fibre with a focus on the fixed analyzer technique.
Gamatham, Romeo Reginald Gunther. “Investigation of polarization mode dispersion measurement perfomance in optical fibre with a focus on the fixed analyzer technique.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/957.
Gamatham, Romeo Reginald Gunther. “Investigation of polarization mode dispersion measurement perfomance in optical fibre with a focus on the fixed analyzer technique.” 2008. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Gamatham RRG. Investigation of polarization mode dispersion measurement perfomance in optical fibre with a focus on the fixed analyzer technique. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/957.
18. Erlank, Warrick. Constructing confidence intervals for polarization mode dispersion.
Erlank, Warrick. “Constructing confidence intervals for polarization mode dispersion.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/951.
Erlank, Warrick. “Constructing confidence intervals for polarization mode dispersion.” 2008. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Erlank W. Constructing confidence intervals for polarization mode dispersion. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/951.
19. Kotze, Willem Riaan. Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light.
Kotze, Willem Riaan. “Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light.” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29862.
Kotze, Willem Riaan. “Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light.” 2008. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Kotze WR. Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29862.
20. [No author]. Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light .
author], [. (2008). Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light . (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11272008-000720/
author], [No. “Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light .” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11272008-000720/.
author], [No. “Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light .” 2008. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
author] [. Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11272008-000720/.
author] [. Art Workshop : contextual architecture in light . [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11272008-000720/
21. Matthews, Alistair Marc. Controller & modification of a light hub-motor propelled electric wheelchair .
Matthews, Alistair Marc. “Controller & modification of a light hub-motor propelled electric wheelchair .” 2012. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/1131.
Matthews, Alistair Marc. “Controller & modification of a light hub-motor propelled electric wheelchair .” 2012. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Matthews AM. Controller & modification of a light hub-motor propelled electric wheelchair . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/1131.
22. Pelaelo, Gaoboelwe. Characterization of polarization dependent loss in optical fibres and optical components in the presence of polarization mode dispersion.
Pelaelo, Gaoboelwe. “Characterization of polarization dependent loss in optical fibres and optical components in the presence of polarization mode dispersion.” 2008. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/695.
Pelaelo, Gaoboelwe. “Characterization of polarization dependent loss in optical fibres and optical components in the presence of polarization mode dispersion.” 2008. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Pelaelo G. Characterization of polarization dependent loss in optical fibres and optical components in the presence of polarization mode dispersion. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/695.
23. Swartz, Jacobus Andreas. A feasibility study of the (3He,8He) reaction with the K600 magnetic spectrometer.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Highly exotic nuclei can be studied in rare reactions using stable beams, with macroscopic intensities, and… (more)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Highly exotic nuclei can be studied in rare reactions using stable beams, with macroscopic intensities, and thick targets. Exotic nuclei are interesting for a number of reasons e.g. for testing nuclear models under conditions of high isospins. In the case of very neutron-deficient nuclei, two-proton decay is the most recently discovered nuclear decay mode and the subject of many theoretical investigations involving cluster and shell models. This thesis presents a feasibility study of investigating light exotic nuclei near the proton drip line with the K600 magnetic spectrometer. The 27Al(3He,8He)22Al five-neutron pick-up reaction was investigated at a spectrometer angle of θlab = 8◦ with a beam energy of Elab = 220 MeV. This reaction can be used to populate highly neutron-deficient nuclei. Should the study of this reaction prove to be feasible, then a number of nuclei on the proton drip line or beyond could be investigated. A new data acquisition system, with VME electronics and MIDAS software, was used along with one new drift chamber, which consists of both an X wire plane and a U wire plane. The particles 1,2,3H and 3,4He were all identified as outgoing particles from the collision of 3He with 27Al. Cross section calculations were performed for these observed reactions. Discrete spectra for the (3He,6He) and (3He,8He) reactions could not be identified. The mass calculation of A ∼ 20 nuclei on the proton drip line depends on the determination of the Coulomb energy, which differs a lot between mirror nuclei. Mass calculations were performed for known nuclei in the mass region A ≤ 50, using the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation. Agreement with experimental data was found to be far better in odd nuclei than in even nuclei. Hence mass predictions were performed for odd nuclei along the proton drip line.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hoogs eksotiese kerne kan bestudeer word in seldsame reaksies deur middel van stabiele bundels, met makroskopiese intensiteite, en dik teikens. Eksotiese kerne is interessant om verskeie redes, onder andere om kernfisiese modelle te toets onder omstandighede van ho¨e isospin. In die geval van baie neutron-arm kerne is twee-proton verval die nuutste ontdekte tipe van kernverval. Dit is ook die onderwerp van vele teoretiese studies met betrekking tot bondel en skilmodelle. Hierdie tesis beskryf ‘n uitvoerbaarheidstudie vir die ondersoek van ligte eksotiese kerne naby die proton drup lyn met behulp van die K600 magnetiese spektrometer. Die 27Al(3He,8He)22Al vyf-neutron kaapreaksie is ondersoek by ‘n spektrometer hoek van θlab = 8◦ met ‘n bundel energie van Elab = 220 MeV. Sou die uitvoerbaarheidstudie van hierdie reaksie slaag, dan kan verskeie kerne op of anderkant die proton drup lyn ondersoek word. ‘n Nuwe data verkrygingssisteem, met VME elektronika en MIDAS sagteware, is gebruik saam met een nuwe dryfkamer, wat bestaan uit beide ‘n X draadvlak en ‘n U draadvlak. Die partikels 1,2,3H en…
Advisors/Committee Members: Papka, P., Neveling, R., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Science. Dept. of Physics..
Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Mass prediction; Light ions
Swartz, J. A. (2010). A feasibility study of the (3He,8He) reaction with the K600 magnetic spectrometer . (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4297
Swartz, Jacobus Andreas. “A feasibility study of the (3He,8He) reaction with the K600 magnetic spectrometer.” 2010. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4297.
Swartz, Jacobus Andreas. “A feasibility study of the (3He,8He) reaction with the K600 magnetic spectrometer.” 2010. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Swartz JA. A feasibility study of the (3He,8He) reaction with the K600 magnetic spectrometer. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4297.
Swartz JA. A feasibility study of the (3He,8He) reaction with the K600 magnetic spectrometer. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4297
24. Mafole, Tshepiso. Melanisation of lichens : the composition of melanin and the role of ultraviolet light (uv) in peltigeralean and non-peltigeralean Lichens.
► Lichens are unique organisms widely known for their ability to tolerate extreme environmental conditions due to the symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae or… (more)
▼ Lichens are unique organisms widely known for their ability to tolerate extreme environmental conditions due to the symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae or cyanobacteria. This includes the ability to synthesise melanins to protect themselves from ultraviolet radiation and high light. Melanins are found in different forms, the eumelanins (DOPA), often synthesised by Peltigeralean lichens while the non-Peltigeralean produce dark pigments that appear not to be DOPA melanins. Increased levels of UV and high light affect the physiology of many organisms, as a result this study investigates the effects of the photoprotective pigment, melanin on the photosynthetic apparatus of both chlorophycean and cyanobacterial bionts. The first aim of this thesis was to study the effect of using different light regimes to induce melanins. The second aim was to compare the properties of melanin between different lichens with those from free-living fungi. Lastly, the effect of melanisation on the photosynthesis was investigated. Results presented here suggest that melanins are insoluble in organic solvents, except DMSO and strongly absorb in the UVB and UVA wavelengths. The induction of melanin was slow and was better induced beneath the screens that transmitted UV. Transplanting nonmelanised Lobaria pulmonaria, to an open site for four weeks induced melanic pigments. Melanised thalli had normal chlorophyll contents and normal maximum rates of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed that the maximum quantum yield and relative electron transfer rates were similar to those of nonmelanised thalli. However, at light levels lower than 100 μmol photons m-2 s-1 melanisation of the upper cortex of the lichen reduced rates of CO2 fixation by more than 40%. Melanic thalli also had a higher chlorophyll a/b ratio and more xanthophyll cycle pigments. In Lobaria retigera, the +UV screen decreased the photosynthetic rate more than other light treatments. Photoinhibition of wet thalli was rapid compared to dry, though complete recovery was reached after a day. From these results, it can be confirmed that melanisation has a protective action against high light as melanised thalli were more tolerant to excess light. While protecting photobionts from high light, melanisation reduced photosynthetic efficiency and protects lichens from photoinhibition in both the wet and dry states. Advisors/Committee Members: Beckett, Richard P. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Melanin.; Ultraviolet light.; Photosynthesis.; Photoinhibition.
Mafole, T. (2017). Melanisation of lichens : the composition of melanin and the role of ultraviolet light (uv) in peltigeralean and non-peltigeralean Lichens. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/15413
Mafole, Tshepiso. “Melanisation of lichens : the composition of melanin and the role of ultraviolet light (uv) in peltigeralean and non-peltigeralean Lichens.” 2017. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/15413.
Mafole, Tshepiso. “Melanisation of lichens : the composition of melanin and the role of ultraviolet light (uv) in peltigeralean and non-peltigeralean Lichens.” 2017. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Mafole T. Melanisation of lichens : the composition of melanin and the role of ultraviolet light (uv) in peltigeralean and non-peltigeralean Lichens. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/15413.
Mafole T. Melanisation of lichens : the composition of melanin and the role of ultraviolet light (uv) in peltigeralean and non-peltigeralean Lichens. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/15413
25. Maweza, Elijah Loyiso. Development of Near-IR and Beam Shaping of Mid-IR Lasers.
Maweza, Elijah Loyiso. “Development of Near-IR and Beam Shaping of Mid-IR Lasers.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105928.
Maweza, Elijah Loyiso. “Development of Near-IR and Beam Shaping of Mid-IR Lasers.” 2019. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Maweza EL. Development of Near-IR and Beam Shaping of Mid-IR Lasers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105928.
26. Pego, Maeletso. Analysis of traffic accidents in Gaborone, Botswana.
Botswana, a developing country in southern Africa, has not been spared the proliferating scourge of… (more)
Botswana, a developing country in southern Africa, has not been spared the proliferating scourge of traffic accidents that is sweeping across the world. After HIV/AIDS, traffic accidents are the second largest cause of unnatural deaths in Botswana. The country is losing two per cent of its GDP every year to traffic accident costs. Furthermore, road safety is one of the major challenges the country will have to overcome in order to achieve its Vision 2016. This study investigates traffic accidents in Gaborone, the capital city of Botswana, for the years 2000 and 2005. The study analyses the characteristics of traffic accidents, examines their causes, maps the spatial distribution of traffic accidents for 2000 and 2005, and outlines the countermeasures government is instituting to curb accidents. The main data on traffic accidents used was extracted from the microcomputer accidents analysis package V5.0 (MAAP 5) obtained from the Traffic Police Division. Semi-structured interviews with transport and safety officers, traffic police and other stakeholders were conducted. The interviews were mainly about what government is doing to reduce the carnage caused by traffic accidents. Existing reports were also used as data sources. Microsoft Excel and ArcGIS 9.1 packages were used to do the analyses. The road casualties of drivers/riders are concentrated in the economically active age category of 15-64 years (95% for all casualties). In particular, the casualties are very high in the 20-39 age cohort with one third and three quarters of all casualties for 2000 and 2005 respectively. In addition, driver casualties by gender for the 20-39 age cohort show a high representation of males, namely 57% and 64% for 2000 and 2005 respectively.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ferreira, S. L. A., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Geography and Environmental Studies..
Subjects/Keywords: Geography and environmental studies; Traffic accidents – Botswana – Gaborone; Traffic safety – Botswana – Gaborone; Traffic congestion – Botswana – Gaborone
Pego, M. (2009). Analysis of traffic accidents in Gaborone, Botswana . (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2395
Pego, Maeletso. “Analysis of traffic accidents in Gaborone, Botswana.” 2009. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2395.
Pego, Maeletso. “Analysis of traffic accidents in Gaborone, Botswana.” 2009. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Pego M. Analysis of traffic accidents in Gaborone, Botswana. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2395.
Pego M. Analysis of traffic accidents in Gaborone, Botswana. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2395
27. Einhorn, Mark David. Self-organising traffic control algorithms at signalised intersections.
► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The debilitating social, economic and environmental ramifications of traffic congestion are experienced in large cities the world over. The optimisation of traffic signal… (more)
▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The debilitating social, economic and environmental ramifications of traffic congestion are experienced in large cities the world over. The optimisation of traffic signal timings at signalised road intersections attempts to mitigate the extent of these adverse effects of traffic congestion by reducing the delay time experienced by vehicles in a transport network. Today, traffic signal control schemes may be classiffied into one of two main classes, namely fixed-time traffic signal control strategies, which are typically cyclic in nature, and vehicle-actuated traffic signal control strategies, which are typically acyclic in nature. Generally, cyclic control strategies tend to lack exibility, and are unable to adapt to short-term uctuations in traffic ow rates, resulting in green times that are either too long or too short. On the other hand, acyclic control strategies tend to lack coordination between intersections, resulting in vehicles being required to stop at the majority of signalised intersections they encounter. Self-organising traffic signal control has been proposed as an attractive alternative form of control which both exhibits exibility and facilitates a global coordination between intersections as a result of localised signal switching policies. Two examples of existing self-organising traffic signal control algorithms from the literature include an algorithm proposed by Lammer and Helbing in 2008 and an algorithm proposed by Gershenson and Rosenblueth in 2012. These algorithms have been shown to outperform both optimised fixed-time traffc signal control techniques as well as state-of-the-art vehicle actuated trffic signal control techniques, in terms of reducing vehicle delay time in a transport network. A draw-back of both of these self-organising approaches, however, is that their effective operation relies on carefully selected parameter values; poorly selected parameter values may render these algorithms very ineffectual. In this dissertation, three novel self-organising traffic signal traffic control algorithms are proposed. These three algorithms assume the use of existing radar detection sensors mounted at the intersection to provide the necessary input data. The radar detection sensors are capable of detecting and tracking individual vehicles approaching an intersection, providing real-time information pertaining to their physical dimensions, velocities, and ranges from the intersection in terms of both time and distance. The three traffic signal control algorithms are free of any user-specialised parameters, and instead rely solely on the data provided by the radar detection sensors to inform their signal switching policies. The first of these traffic signal control algorithms is inspired by inventory control theory, and draws parallels between the monetary costs typically considered in inventory control models and the delay time costs associated with traffic control at signalised intersections, which the algorithm attempts to minimise. The… Advisors/Committee Members: Van Vuuren, J. H., Burger, A. P., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept of Logistics.
Subjects/Keywords: UCTD; Traffic signs and signals; Electronic traffic controls; Self-organizing systems; Traffic signs and signals – Automation
Einhorn, M. D. (2015). Self-organising traffic control algorithms at signalised intersections . (Doctoral Dissertation). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96751
Einhorn, Mark David. “Self-organising traffic control algorithms at signalised intersections.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96751.
Einhorn, Mark David. “Self-organising traffic control algorithms at signalised intersections.” 2015. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Einhorn MD. Self-organising traffic control algorithms at signalised intersections. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96751.
Einhorn MD. Self-organising traffic control algorithms at signalised intersections. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96751
28. [No author]. Assessing the redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system : the proposed Gautrain project.
► The Gauteng Province is introducing another railway system in South Africa. It is an 80-kilometre Mass Rapid Transit railway system. It is hoped to offer… (more)
▼ The Gauteng Province is introducing another railway system in South Africa. It is an 80-kilometre Mass Rapid Transit railway system. It is hoped to offer commuters an alternative public transport in addition to the current. The study uses a quantitative approach where a questionnaire was distributed. A snowball sample of 156 people around Gauteng was used to: - recognize the importance or value of outlining the possible impact on traffic during the redevelopment of the passenger railway systems; - examine the perception of the sample size with regard to the proposed Gautrain; - investigate whether respondents will use the train to work or to the airport; - find out what respondent’s expectations are on using the Gautrain; - whether respondents think there will be an economic benefit to them; - what respondents think about the time that they will save using the train; - what respondents think about their safety in and around the trains. According to respondents it is important for passengers to have efficient and reliable public transport. Respondents have confidence in the proposed Gautrain project. Most respondents agree that the community will benefit economically from the project and are positive that the Gautrain will improve the quality of life for the people in Gauteng. The majority of the respondents also agree that Gautrain will be a safe mode of transport to use. This study focuses on the mass redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system which seeks to improve the sector. It is therefore recommended that South African Transport be redeveloped by introducing alternative modes of transport like the proposed Gautrain. Advisors/Committee Members: Challenor, Robin Martin (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Transportation – South Africa – Passenger traffic.; Business administration.
author], [. (2009). Assessing the redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system : the proposed Gautrain project. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4438
author], [No. “Assessing the redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system : the proposed Gautrain project. ” 2009. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4438.
author], [No. “Assessing the redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system : the proposed Gautrain project. ” 2009. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
author] [. Assessing the redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system : the proposed Gautrain project. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4438.
author] [. Assessing the redevelopment of the South African passenger transport system : the proposed Gautrain project. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4438
29. De Wet, Dirk Pieter Gerhardus. Post-calibration and quality management of weigh-in-motion traffic data.
Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering at… (more)
Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering at Stellenbosch University
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Weigh-in-motion (WIM) scales are installed on various higher order South African roads to provide traffic loading information for pavement design, strategic planning and law enforcement using a scientific approach. The two most respected international guideline documents for WIM systems are the American ASTM E1318 Standard and the COST 323 European Specification, yet neither are fully suited to be applied to local WIM systems. The author developed a post-calibration method for WIM data, called the Truck Tractor (TT) Method, to correct the magnitude of recorded axle loads in retrospect. It incorporates a series of powerful data quality checks. The TT Method is robust, accurate and adequately simple to be used on a routine basis. The TT Method uses the truck tractor loads of articulated 6- and 7-axle trucks with single steering- and double driving axles – these vehicle are called Eligible Trucks. Only Eligible Trucks with average axle loads between 6.5 t and 8.5 t are used in the calibration process – these vehicles are called Selected Trucks. A calibration factor, kTT, is determined using a fully automated iterative procedure, and multiplied with all axle load measurements to produce data for which the average truck tractor load of Selected Trucks, TTT, is equal to 21.8 t. The TT Method can be used for WIMs in various operating environments and is not sensitive to the extent of miss-calibration of a WIM, clipping of sensors owing to poor lane discipline or different extents of loading on different routes. The TT Method includes a series of data quality checks that can be used on a routine basis. They are summarised as follows: - The standard deviation of truck tractor loads for Selected Trucks, STTT, should always be below 2.0 t, but preferably below 1.9 t. - The standard deviation of front axle loads for Selected Trucks, SFTT, should always be below 0.9 t, but preferably below 0.8 t. - The post-calibration factor from the TT Method, kTT, should be between 0.9 and 1.1. The factor for any month should not deviate by more than 3% from the moving average of the previous five months. - The average of front axle loads of Selected Trucks, FTT, should be between 5.6 t and 6.6 t; the exact values are influenced by load transfer between the steering and driving axles. - A procedure was formulated using the Front axle / Truck tractor Ratio, FTR, to identify the percentage of Eligible Trucks that in all probability clipped the sensor. The percentage of these records must be below 10 %, but preferably below 6 %. The TT Method has the potential to significantly improve WIM data collection in South Africa. The calibration module of the TT Method, i.e. the procedure to calculate kTT, has already been accepted by SANRAL. Most of the data quality checking concepts associated…
Advisors/Committee Members: Bester, C. J., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering..
Subjects/Keywords: Civil engineering; Traffic loading; Pavement design
De Wet, D. P. G. (2010). Post-calibration and quality management of weigh-in-motion traffic data . (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4205
De Wet, Dirk Pieter Gerhardus. “Post-calibration and quality management of weigh-in-motion traffic data.” 2010. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4205.
De Wet, Dirk Pieter Gerhardus. “Post-calibration and quality management of weigh-in-motion traffic data.” 2010. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
De Wet DPG. Post-calibration and quality management of weigh-in-motion traffic data. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4205.
De Wet DPG. Post-calibration and quality management of weigh-in-motion traffic data. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4205
30. Murray, Stephen Russell. The development of an innovative measuring instrument to assess human factors training of air traffic controllers.
The influence of the human factor in the causation of accidents no doubt has been recognised from the very origins of… (more)
The influence of the human factor in the causation of accidents no doubt has been recognised from the very origins of humankind. In the words of Cicero "It is in the nature of man to err". Epithets such as 'human error', 'accident prone', 'inattentive', 'clumsy', 'drunk', etcetera form part of our everyday language to ascribe the reasons for accidents. In aviation, the general term 'pilot error' has been used to ascribe the cause of accidents since the time of the first heavier-than-air aircraft flights by the Wright brothers in 1903. The problem with this generalised term is that it offers no insight into why the pilot erred so that training steps may be undertaken to try to avoid the error from recurring – not only for the pilot concerned, but for the entire community. Under the direction of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the United States in 1976, Jensen and Benel determined that poor pilot decision-making is a significant factor in the causation of accidents in general aviation (Lester, Diehl, & Buch, 1985). These results were corroborated in an analysis of airline and military accidents by Diehl (1991b). The follow up to the Jensen and Benel findings was the development of training manuals by the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) to address the identified problem. The effectiveness of these manuals in practice was tested empirically in experiments conducted in the U.S.A., Canada, and Australia that showed improvements in pilot decision-making ranging from 8% to 46% (Diehl, 1990). Simultaneously with this work airlines such as KLM and UAL developed their own human factors training programmes, which was the beginning of the significant industry of aviation human factors training. This activity has been supported academically through a bi-annual 'Symposium on Aviation Psychology' held at the University of Illinois since 1981. iv Since the initial verification of the ERAU training programmes, the continued support for aviation human factors training has come mainly from anecdotal evidence of its success in assisting pilots to avoid accidents. There is a paucity of experimental evidence to support this dynamic activity. Evidence for this is illustrated from the intense and extensive debate on the Crew Resource Management website ([email protected] yahoogroups.com) in 2001/2 on the topic "CRM – is it working?" Despite the widely accepted and even legislated (by the International Civil Aviation Organisation) application of aviation human factors training for pilots, this activity has been slow to filter through to other aviation activities. For example it was introduced into the South African air traffic control community for the first time only in 2001. With the introduction of this training the opportunity arose to develop a practical means to assess its effectiveness. This research study outlines the basis on which the developed assessment method has been achieved. The research method followed in the study is the Design and Development model of Thomas and Rothman (1994a). The…
Subjects/Keywords: Training of air traffic controllers; Aviation psychology
Murray, S. R. (2009). The development of an innovative measuring instrument to assess human factors training of air traffic controllers . (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2563
Murray, Stephen Russell. “The development of an innovative measuring instrument to assess human factors training of air traffic controllers.” 2009. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed December 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2563.
Murray, Stephen Russell. “The development of an innovative measuring instrument to assess human factors training of air traffic controllers.” 2009. Web. 16 Dec 2019.
Murray SR. The development of an innovative measuring instrument to assess human factors training of air traffic controllers. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2563.
Murray SR. The development of an innovative measuring instrument to assess human factors training of air traffic controllers. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2563