Edith Ayrton
Edith Ayrton or Edith Ayrton Zangwill (1879 – 1945) was a British author and activist. She helped form the Jewish League for Woman Suffrage. Early life. Ayrton was born in 1875 in Japan to the scientist William Edward Ayrton and the doctor Matilda Chaplin Ayrton. Her mother died in 1883 and her father married the physicist Hertha Ayrton. Ayrton was brought up in the Jewish faith. Writing. In 1904 she wrote her first novel, "Barbarous Babe". Her other books include: "The First Mrs. Millivar" (1905); "Teresa" (1909); "The Rise of a Star" (1918); "The Call" (1924); "The House" (1928 ); and "The Story of Disarmament Declaration" (1932). Activism. Edith complained of poor health and she did not feel that she could be a militant suffragette but she and her step mother joined the Women's Social and Political Union. Edith wrote to Maud Arncliffe Sennett to tell her that she intended to generously support the WSPU. Her husband spoke publicly in support of the WSPU and was hissed by liberally minded women for his support of militant tactics. Jewish League for Woman Suffrage. In 1912 she helped form the Jewish League for Woman Suffrage which was open to both male  and female members. The organisation sought both political and religious rights for women. It was felt that some Jewish people may be more inclined to join this group in preference to an unspecific women's suffrage group. Other members included her husband, Henrietta Franklin, Hugh Franklin, Lily Montagu, Inez Bensusan and Leonard Benjamin Franklin. Some more radical parts of the organisation were responsible for disrupting synagogue services to make their point in 1913 and 1914. The group was labelled as "blackguards in bonnets" by the wider Jewish community. United Suffragists. The Jewish suffrage supporters came together on 6 February 1914  with other disillusioned suffragists to create the United Suffragists. The new group was created as a reaction tp the extreme militancy of the WSPU who had started a campaign of arson and the lack of success of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. The new group included her stepmother, her husband, Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence, Maud Arncliffe Sennett, Agnes Harben and her husband and Louisa Garrett Anderson. It welcomed former militants as well as non-militants and men as well as women. Once the Representation of the Peoples Act 1918 passed allowing (some) women to vote, the United Suffragists  disbanded. Personal life and death. She married Israel Zangwill in a registry office on November 26, 1903. They had met as a result of her step mother sending Edith's early stories to published writer Israel for his comments. They had three children: George born in 1906, a daughter Margaret born in 1910 and Oliver Louis Zangwill in 1913 Ayrton lived for many years in East Preston, West Sussex, in a house called "Far End". She died in Edinburgh on May 5,1945.