Red Letter Media
Red Letter Media, LLC, stylized as RedLetterMedia on YouTube, is an American film and video production company operated by independent filmmakers Mike Stoklasa (formerly of GMP Pictures) and Jay Bauman (formerly of Blanc Screen Cinema). The company was formed by Stoklasa in 2004, while he was living in Scottsdale, Arizona, but is now based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (). It attracted significant attention in 2009 through Stoklasa's 70-minute video review of the 1999 film "". The review was posted in seven parts on YouTube, and was presented by his character "Harry S. Plinkett" (often shortened to "Mr. Plinkett ). While Stoklasa had published other video reviews of several Star Trek" films before that, his "Phantom Menace" and subsequent "Star Wars" prequel reviews were praised for both content and presentation. Numerous other series have been produced by Red Letter Media, including several movie review-based web series ("Half in the Bag", "Best of the Worst", and "re:View"), satirical podcasts ("The Nerd Crew") and video game-based web series ("Game Station 2.0", "Previously Recorded"). Low budget features produced by and starring Stoklasa and other Red Letter Media cast members have been largely horror films and comedies, such as "Feeding Frenzy , The Recovered", "Oranges: Revenge of the Eggplant" and "Space Cop". Alongside Stoklasa and Bauman, Red Letter Media also employs Rich Evans, Stoklasa's long-time friend and confidant, as a full-time actor and stagehand for their projects. Stoklasa, Bauman, Evans, and their friends Jack Packard and Josh Davis appear as cast members for the vast majority of their YouTube releases. Web series. Section::::"Mr. Plinkett's Reviews". Stoklasa created his first video review for "Star Trek Generations" after watching the film again in 2008. Stoklasa believed his own voice sounded "too boring" for the review and adopted the persona of  Harry S. Plinkett, a character he had previously used in several short films (originally played by Rich Evans). The character first appeared in "You're Invited! The Olsen Twins Movie", a short film that incorporates clips from "The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley", in which the Olsen twins accept a phone call from a man named Mr. Plinkus, a name Stoklasa and Evans either misheard as, or altered to, Mr. Plinkett. Plinkett has been described as "cranky", a "schizophrenic", and "psychotic" with a voice that has been called "a cross between Dan Aykroyd in "The Blues Brothers" and "The Silence  of the Lambs"' Buffalo Bill". The "Star Trek Generations" Plinkett review was met with many favorable comments, inspiring Stoklasa to review the other three "" films—"First Contact" (1996), "Insurrection" (1998), and "Nemesis" (2002). Inspired by these, Stoklasa created his review for "", citing his dislike of the franchise's prequel trilogy, and how it influenced a trend of films characterized by CGI spectacle, in lieu of the live-action stunts and meticulously crafted sets that characterized films of earlier decades. Stoklasa's review of "The Phantom Menace" was published to YouTube on December 10, 2009, and quickly became popular, receiving over five  million views in the first four months of its release. The video was widely shared, including by celebrities such as Damon Lindelof and Simon Pegg. In comparison to his earlier "Star Trek" movie reviews, which lasted 30 to 40 minutes, the "Phantom Menace" review had a total run time of approximately 70 minutes. The review took Stoklasa between seven and ten days to complete. As of July 2021, the first episode of the review is the most watched video on Red Letter Media's YouTube channel, with more than 10 million views. Subsequent Plinkett reviews have covered the James Cameron  films "Avatar" and "Titanic", "", "", "Baby's Day Out" (which was referenced at the end of the "Attack of the Clones" review), the children's movie "Cop Dog" (originally mentioned in a short update video), "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", "" as well as its sequel , and the 2016 "Ghostbusters" reboot. Stoklasa also created a satirical short film review of J. J. Abrams' "Star Trek" and later followed it up with a full-length review. Stoklasa has released audio commentary tracks done in the Plinkett character for "Star Wars", "" and "", which are available for download. In an interview , Stoklasa stated that in creating a review, he and a friend would watch the film only once while taking notes and frequently pausing the film to discuss scenes. After that, he would write a 20–30 page script for it in the Plinkett character, voice it, and edit it together along with some improvisations. Section::::"Half in the Bag". "Half in the Bag" is a regularly released series in which Stoklasa and Bauman review films in a more traditional format, albeit with a haphazard and fourth wall breaking overarching plot. Stoklasa has described it as a cross between "Siskel and Ebert" and  a 1980s sitcom, with Stoklasa and Bauman playing VCR repairmen who discuss movies while finding increasingly convoluted ways of avoiding their scheduled repair work on Mr. Plinkett's VCR. The show often features the character of Plinkett portrayed by Rich Evans. Tim Heidecker, who hosts satiric movie review show "On Cinema", makes a cameo in episode 37 as the owner of the VCR repair shop who bequeaths employment to Jay and Mike. The first episode premiered on March 12, 2011, with a review of "Drive Angry" and "The Adjustment Bureau". On March 11, 2021, the channel posted a scripted video  celebrating the 10th anniversary of the series. As of March 2022, the series totals 233 episodes on YouTube. The most viewed episodes of the series are reviews of the Star Wars films and . Section::::"Best of the Worst". "Best of the Worst" is a regularly-released series in which members of Red Letter Media watch and review multiple films ranging from B-movies to instructional videos, sometimes sent in by fans. After viewing and riffing on the films, a rotating panel of four sit to discuss what they just watched. Panels typically consist of any combination of Mike Stoklasa, Jay Bauman , Rich Evans, Jessi Nakles, Jack Packard, Josh "The Wizard" Davis, or special guests. Panel participants then individually decide upon which film or video represents the "Best of the Worst". Viewing material that is deemed to be insulting, offensive, or especially poor is often destroyed in a creative fashion. Methods of destruction have included dissolving a VHS tape in acetone, forcing a DVD through a paper shredder, dragging a tape around the streets tied to the bumper of a car, and cooking a tape on a charcoal grill alongside cheeseburgers. Canadian visual effects artists Colin Cunningham and Jim Maxwell, who have  worked on numerous television series and feature films, frequently appear as recurring guests. Special guests on the show have included screenwriters Max Landis and Simon Barrett, comic book artist Freddie Williams, actors Macaulay Culkin, Patton Oswalt and Jack Quaid, comedian Gillian Bellinger and indie film auteur Len Kabasinski. Some episodes feature the "Wheel of the Worst", in which a wheel is spun to select which films/videos will be watched. Wheel selections are often videos that are either extremely bizarre (such as "Dog Sitter", a movie made to appeal to dogs), low budget instructional films, educational films and those which  have little modern relevance (such as Chinese-language instructional tapes about how to use AOL). Videos featured on Wheel of the Worst are most frequently found on VHS tapes. The "Daily Herald" praised "Best of the Worst" for being Red Letter Media's most entertaining series. The show occasionally features other gimmicks to randomly select viewing material such as the "Choose-And-Lose" and the Plinketto Board. Another subsection of Best of the Worst includes the "Black Spine Edition" where the group randomly selects VHS tapes which are missing informational or identification labels on the side of the cassette. Sometimes  the crew will review a specific film which they have previously viewed off camera and recommend to fans of poorly-conceived and poorly-executed B movies. They refer to reviews of this nature as their "Spotlight Series". The first of these reviews featured the film "Hollywood Cop" by director Amir Shervan was released on YouTube on June 21, 2017. In this format, low budget indie movies "Suburban Sasquatch", "Lycan Colony" and "The Last Vampire on Earth" have also been featured. In 2017, the crew introduced a 'Hall of Fame' for Best of the Worst, intended to represent the best things  that have appeared on the show. There have only been three additions to the hall of fame thus far; actor Cameron Mitchell and low-budget films "Surviving Edged Weapons" and "Creating Rem Lezar". Section::::"re:View". On May 24, 2016, the company released the first episode of a new series called "re:View". Compared to the company's other shows, the format is a much more stripped down and straight forward approach to film critique. Two members of Red Letter Media sit in front of a red curtain and offer thoughts and insight on a film that they both enjoy. Films  chosen for this feature are often either cult classics such as "Pink Flamingos", "Freddy Got Fingered" and "Martin", or well renowned genre-defining films like "The Thing" and "Ghostbusters". Clips of the film being discussed are interwoven, typically to lend emphasis to a specific point being made, or to showcase some of the most memorable moments from the film. "re:View" has also featured "Star Trek" films and episodes, a particular favorite of Stoklasa's. For an episode featuring "The Guest", the screenwriter of the film, Simon Barrett, appeared as a guest and spoke about many behind the scenes aspects  of the production. A similar insight into the background of a film the Red Letter Media crew enjoyed was shared in a two-part interview series with "Samurai Cop" lead Matt Hannon, though this occurred prior to the creation of the "re:View" branding and format. Former child star Macaulay Culkin made a guest appearance in a 2018 episode reviewing "Hackers", and has since returned to both this series and Best of the Worst. Section::::"The Nerd Crew: A Pop Culture Podcast". The first episode being uploaded to YouTube on 5 January 2017, "The Nerd Crew" parodied pop culture "fanboyism" and  video series such as Screen Junkies, Collider, and "The John Campea Show", with Stoklasa, Bauman and Evans playing "manchildren" demonstrating excessive enthusiasm over "Star Wars", the Marvel Cinematic Universe and other content aimed primarily at a juvenile audience. Product placement, native advertising and general subservience to entertainment mega-corporations were all satirized. Section::::"Previously Recorded". In July 2014, Red Letter Media affiliates Rich Evans and Jack Packard began a YouTube Video game review channel under the name "Previously Recorded" or "Pre-Rec". Videos from the channel have been featured on the Red Letter Media website alongside other Red Letter Media content , and the channel has been referenced in numerous "Half in the Bag" and "Best of the Worst" episodes. The channel was Red Letter Media's second attempt at producing gaming content after the short-lived "Game Station 2.0" (2012). On July 22, 2018, the duo announced that they would be broadcasting their final live stream on July 25, 2018 and then the channel would be put on hold for the foreseeable future afterwards. Reception. Stoklasa's Mr. Plinkett reviews have been considered part of an emerging art form that hybridizes mashup with video essays, as they use a combination of  footage from the movie in question and other related sources. Literary and cultural critic Benjamin Kirbach argues that Plinkett enacts a kind of "détournement" by recontextualizing images that would otherwise serve as "Star Wars" marketing material (such as behind-the-scenes footage and interviews). Defined by Guy Debord as "the reuse of preexisting artistic elements in a new ensemble", "détournement" is a way of generating meaning out of cultural texts that is antithetical to their original intent. Kirbach argues that Stoklasa uses this tactic to construct a subversive narrative that frames George Lucas as "a lazy, out-of-touch, and  thoroughly unchallenged filmmaker". Kirbach also argues that Plinkett's popularity can be explained, in part, as a form of catharsis. Because he is portrayed as insane, the Plinkett shtick "legitimates our nerd-rage by literalizing it". Plinkett enrolls George Lucas in an ongoing Oedipal drama as the castrating father figure, a father figure we are invited to rage against owing to his flagrant ineptitude. But aside from raw catharsis, Kirbach claims that Plinkett's insanity is also a critique of the film industry itself. By fictionalizing his critic, Stoklasa constructs a character who is unable to speak at a safe  distance from the text he analyzes. "Plinkett becomes the figure of a consumer culture that has been force-fed Hollywood schlock beyond its carrying capacity," Kirbach writes. And further: In an interview with "Esquire", comedian Patton Oswalt noted that the Mr. Plinkett reviews are an example of "amazing film scholarship" on the "Star Wars" prequels that demonstrate how much of the "Star Wars" universe is squandered by them. "The Daily Telegraph" called the reviews "legendary" and described them as being more popular than the actual films. Director Jordan Vogt-Roberts, whilst critiquing CinemaSins' "Everything Wrong With ..." video of his film , "", for bad film criticism masked under the guise of "satire", praised Red Letter Media for good film criticism and satire, stating that "Red Letter Media's Phantom Menace review IS satire. They lampoon a certain type of nerd culture AND their takedown is accurate & thoughtful. Red Letter Media's critiques hold up under scrutiny. CinemaSins just wants to shit on things for the sake of shitting on them." However, the reviews have also been criticized by "Star Wars" fans. Stoklasa stated that he feels ""Star Wars" to some people is like a religion so they respond to attacks on it  as such." One fan wrote a 108-page-long point-by-point response to the "Phantom Menace" review, taking issue with many of Stoklasa's criticisms, which Stoklasa mocked in an announcement video for his "Revenge of the Sith" review. Films. Red Letter Media also produces original feature-length films. Among the low-budget features Stoklasa and Bauman have produced and directed on Red Letter Media are the action-comedy film "", made in 2005 and available on Netflix (currently only available for DVD rental, not for streaming); "The Recovered", a horror thriller starring Tina Krause; and "Feeding Frenzy", a 2010  genre-spoof of puppet monster movies like "Gremlins". "Feeding Frenzy" featured Rich Evans as Mr. Plinkett; Evans originated the character in short films, and this feature was filmed before the popularity of the "Phantom Menace" review. Stoklasa's short films are usually dark comedies. Plinkett, played by Evans, appeared in several of them, starting with "You're Invited". Stoklasa created and starred in five seasons of the web sitcom "The Grabowskis", opposite Dixie Jacobs, about an exaggeratedly trashy and unpleasant sitcom family. Installments of the series were only a few seconds long at first (comically giving more screen time to  the lengthy intro than the episode itself), but grew to full episode length over time. On October 26, 2015, the company announced via a short video that it had completed the feature-length film "Space Cop", which had been in production for at least seven years. "Space Cop" stars Evans in the titular role alongside Stoklasa, who wrote and directed the film. It was made available on January 12, 2016, on Blu-ray for $25 through Red Letter Media's Bandcamp page. The first run sold out in a matter of hours. Commentary tracks. Since 2012, Red Letter Media  has produced commentary tracks for various films, releasing them on Bandcamp. These began with three commentary tracks by Stoklasa as Mr. Plinkett, but the company has since released tracks by Stoklasa, Bauman, and Evans as themselves.