Kenya Police
The Kenya Police Service is a national body in charge of law enforcement in Kenya. It is subordinate to National Police Service which is headed by Inspector General of Police who exercises independent command over the Service. Kenya Police is headed by Deputy Inspector General. Kenya Police is divided into Service Headquarters in Nairobi, Formations, General Duty Commands and Training Institutions. Administration Police Service is commanded through a hierarchy separate from that of the Kenya Police. For other state security bodies see Law enforcement in Kenya. Recruitment to the police service is done on yearly basis. History. The  Kenya police force was established as a British colonial police force in 1907. From the 1887 to 1902 policing was provided by the East Africa Trading Company. After 1902 the Kenya-Uganda Railway introduced their own police units. In 1906 the Police Ordinance was established to create a new force in 1907, the Nairobi Mounted Police within the jurisdiction of the East Africa Protectorate. The current force's name came into effect in 1920 with the newly created British Kenya Colony. The colonial force was made up mainly of British and Indian recruits as senior officers and Africans amongst lower  ranks. Following Kenya's independence, the British officers were replaced with local Kenyan members. Structure. General. Kenya Police is divided into General Duty and Formations. General Duty comprises components with regions being the largest and police patrol bases being the smallest. Regional Police Commander is in charge of a Region (formerly Provinces), County Police Commander is in charge of Officers in the County, Sub-County Police Commander Superintends Sub-County (previously called District). Officer Commanding Station (OCS) is in charge of a Police Station in a Ward and oversees all its Police Posts and Patrol Bases (Ward Commander). Formations. The  Kenya Police formations/Units are headed by commandants/directors, who hold the rank of Senior Assistant Inspector General, Assistant Inspector General of Police (AIG)or Commissioner of Police (CP). These formations are listed as under: Police ranks. The Kenya Police wear badges of rank on the shoulders (Inspector-General – Inspector) and sleeve (senior sergeant – constable) of their uniform to denote their rank. In line with the ongoing reforms, the uniforms committee is also working on new insignia for the revised rank structure, which will have to be approved by the National Police Service Commission. The order of Kenya Police ranks is  as follows: Former Kenya Police ranks and Kenya Police – Ranks and Insignia can be found at this reference. Commissioners of Police & Inspectors-General. From 1906 to 1964 the force was headed by British officers. In 2012, the position of Inspector General was introduced to head the newly created National Police Service. The current Inspector General is Hillary Mutyambai who is the third holder of the position. The following officers have to date served in the capacity of Commissioner of Police: The following officers have served as Inspector-General: Ongoing changes. Following the promulgation of the new Constitution of Kenya on  27 August 2010, as laid down in Chapter 17 Part 4, the Kenyan police forces is undergoing a series of reforms. Hence called "The Kenya Police Service", it is now headed by a Deputy Inspector-General and the division of its functions are organised to take into account the devolved structure of government in Kenya. In the ongoing changes that started in 2018, police operational command was aligned police with existing administrative boundaries to create a unified command as follows:- 1. Regional Police Commander (RPC) 2. County Police Commander (CPC) 3. Sub County Police Commander (SPC) 4. Officer in charge  Police Station ( OCS) The following positions were therefore abolished:- 1. APS Regional Commander 2. KPS Regional Commander 3. DCI Regional Commander 4. County Coordinating Commander 5. KPS County Commander 6. APS County Commander 7. DCI County Commander 8. APS Sub County Commander 9. DCI Sub County Commander 10. KPS Officer Commanding Police Divisions 11.District Administration Police Commander Consequently, the number of commanders were reduced from 168 to 56 Commanders. Equipment. The equipment of the Kenya Police and General Service Unit (GSU), a paramilitary wing of the Kenyan Police, comprises: Aircraft Weapons Societal Impact. Following a history of human right abuses  by the Kenya Police, efforts are being made to reform the force. Kenyan policemen are poorly paid and have to make use with archaic housing that has not been expanded or renovated since the 1970s. This has made them very susceptible to corruption and crime. Extortion and bribery are known practices and the Kenyan people rank the police among the most corrupt bodies in the country. In July 2010 the Minister, Prof. George Saitoti, announced a 28% pay increase for junior officers and a 25% pay increase for senior officers. This reform means that the most junior officer, a police  constable, shall receive Ksh 21,000/month including allowances.