ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzomele uqale ukusetha inketho ""boot kusuka cd / dvd» kwimenyu bios. ngokucacile ukuchaza le ndlela ngeke kwenzeke, njengoba kukhona okwamanje angaphezu kweshumi nambili ""bios"" ukuhlela kabusha, kodwa ngoba une ukucinga imiyalelo efanele kuwebhusayithi kwabakhiqizi. âlerdir. in their study, they evaluated the effect of nebivolol, the 3rd generation beta blocker, such as carvedilol, on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. adma levels, an important indicator of increased inflammation and oxidative stress in the study, were measured in rat sera. in addition, adma is a no synthase inhibitor. therefore, elevated adma levels caused by cyclosporine may cause a decrease in no levels. wafaa et al. showed a significant decrease in adma levels via nebivolol in the results . this conclusion and our conclusions support those third--generation beta--blockers such as carvedilol may have oxidative stress and inflammatory effects and elevated no levels when evaluated together. especially in our study, positive effects on oxidative stress and no were shown at tissue level, making the results more reliable. in addition, our study is the first study to evaluate mda, sod and no at tissue level for carvedilol for cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in the literature. ultimately, these positive effects may have prevented the important mechanisms of cyclosporine nephrotoxicity .