Sampling design
In the theory of finite population sampling, a sampling design specifies for every possible sample its probability of being drawn. Mathematical formulation. Mathematically, a sampling design is denoted by the function formula_1 which gives the probability of drawing a sample formula_2 An example of a sampling design. During Bernoulli sampling, formula_1 is given by where for each element formula_5 is the probability of being included in the sample and formula_6 is the total number of elements in the sample formula_7 and formula_8 is the total number of elements in the population (before sampling commenced). Sample design for managerial  research. In business research, companies must often generate samples of customers, clients, employees, and so forth to gather their opinions. Sample design is also a critical component of marketing research and employee research for many organizations. During sample design, firms must answer questions such as: These issues require very careful consideration, and good commentaries are provided in several sources.