Richard Henry Stoddard
Richard Henry Stoddard (July 2, 1825May 12, 1903) was an American critic and poet. Biography. Richard Henry Stoddard was born on July 2, 1825, in Hingham, Massachusetts. His father, a sea-captain, was wrecked and lost on one of his voyages while Richard was a child, and the lad went in 1835 to New York City with his mother, who had married again. He attended the public schools of that city. He became a blacksmith and later an iron moulder, reading much poetry at the same time. His talents brought him into contact with young men interested  in literature, notably with Bayard Taylor, who had just published his "Views Afoot". In 1849 he gave up his industrial trades and began to write for a living. He contributed to the "Union Magazine", the "Knickerbocker Magazine", "Putnam's Monthly Magazine" and the "New York Evening Post". He married Elizabeth Drew Barstow in 1852; she was also a novelist and poet. The next year, Nathaniel Hawthorne helped him to secure the appointment of inspector of customs of the Port of New York. He kept this job until 1870. From 1870 to 1873, he was confidential clerk to George B. McClellan  in the New York dock department, and from 1874 to 1875 city librarian of New York. He was literary reviewer for the "New York World" (1860–1870); one of the editors of "Vanity Fair"; editor of "The Aldine" (1869–1879), and literary editor of the "Mail" and the "Mail and Express" (1880–1903). He died in New York on May 12, 1903. Critical response and legacy. In his parody of contemporary writers, "The Echo Club (1876)", Bayard Taylor placed Stoddard as one of the most important critics of the day, alongside James Russell Lowell and George Ripley. More important than his critical was  his poetical work, which at its best is sincere, original and marked by delicate fancy, and felicity of form; and his songs have given him a high and permanent place among American lyric poets. Stoddard’s 1856 poem "Roses and Thorns", in a Russian translation by Aleksey Pleshcheyev, was set for voice and piano by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky as "Legend", No. 5 from "Sixteen Songs for Children", Op. 54. The song, in turn, was the basis of Anton Arensky's Variations on a Theme by Tchaikovsky, Op. 35a, for string orchestra. Composer Addie Anderson Wilson set Stoddard’s poem “Under  the Rose” to music for voice and piano in 1920.