Kommunal Landspensjonskasse
Kommunal Landspensjonskasse Gjensidig Forsikringsselskap or KLP is an Oslo-based mutual insurance company that manages the pensions of municipal employees in Norway. As of 31 March 2021, the fund had assets of NOK 813.5 billion (US$95.1 billion), with 337 municipal and county authorities, 31 health trusts and 2,300 public sector firms as clients. Norway's largest pension fund, KLP was established in 1949. Until 1974 the portfolio was managed by Norsk Kollektiv Pensjonskasse, after which KLP received its own license. KLP Eiendom is a major subsidiary that manages real estate in Norway and Denmark. State employees are  insured through the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund. Ethical divestment. KLP has a long track record of ethics-based financial divestment, is a member of the United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI) and publishes detailed explanations about why it excludes certain investments. KLP also shares its ESG analysis with the Government Pension Fund Global (GPFG), Norway’s US$1.36 trillion sovereign wealth fund, which holds, on average, 1.4 per cent of all the world’s listed companies. In 2001, KLP divested from Singapore Technologies Kinetics on account of its production of anti-personnel mines, an activity that was acknowledged  by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Thailand in 2004 upon questioning by the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL). In 2008, KLP divested from G4S after a complaint was filed against the company with the OECD by the Union Network International over the company's "symtematic violations of labor rights in twelve countries". In 2014, KLP divested from all mining firms and power producers whose operations were more than 30 per cent reliant on coal, in line with guidelines laid down by the Norwegian Parliament. In 2017, KLP divested its shares in companies contracted to build the Dakota Access  Pipeline after the Sami Parliament of Norway voiced its solidarity with the Standing Rock Sioux community in the USA. KPL cited the "unacceptable risk of contributing to serious or systematic human rights violations", and the fact that the pipeline construction required the flooding of land protected by the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie. In March 2019, KLP cut its investment in WHSP over its financial ties to the coal industry, and in May 2019, announced it was blacklisting a further 46 companies deriving more than 5 percent of their revenue from coal-based activities, including AGL Energy, BHP Group, Origin  Energy and South32. In October 2019, KLP divested from four Canadian energy names and said it would no longer invest in companies more than five per cent reliant on oilsands, with CEO Sverre Thornes noting: "By going coal and oilsands free, we are sending a strong message on the urgency of shifting from fossil to renewable energy." In June 2021, KLP divested from Adani Ports over its plans to build container terminal in Yangon on land leased from a Myanmar-owned conglomerate, a situation that the fund said presented an "imminent danger" that armed forces could use the port to  import weapons and equipment, or as a naval base. On 5 July 2021, KLP said it would divest from 16 business entities for their links to Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank, after they were named in a UN report listing 112 companies that it said were helping further settlement activities, which are considered illegal under international law. On 28 February 2022, KLP said it would divest from Russia in response to Russian invasion of Ukraine. Their Russian assets had a total value of nearly NOK 500 million (US$56.39 million) in 22 companies, including energy firms Gazprom, Lukoil  and Rosneft; and banks VTB and Sberbank.