Sąd rejonowy
Sąd rejonowy, translated inconsistently, usually (internationally and by the Central Statistical Office of Poland) into district court (however, the Polish MoJ translates it into "regional court"; nevertheless, translation of the "“rejonowy”" or "“rejonowa”" designation into “regional” should be avoided as misleading, as it denotes the lowest local/county and not regional level, but also as confusing, because the public prosecutor's offices () carry the designation "“regionalna”" (“regional”) at the highest (appellate) level, while the term "“rejonowa”" is used (in parallel with courts) at the first-instance level, thus causing ambiguity in case of such translation), denotes the common  court of the first level in Poland. Such courts are called upon to hear a wide range of cases related to the scope of civil, criminal, family and guardianship, labour and social security and economic law. Since March 1, 2006, there have been 315 "sąd rejonowy" courts in Poland. Court's jurisdiction. It is the court of first instance for all contravention charges, the majority of misdemeanor indictments and low-value lawsuits, with its verdicts normally subject to appeal to a "sąd okręgowy" (a circuit court) covering the area in which the "sąd rejonowy" court is located. However, the most  complex, prominent or high-value cases are heard instead by a "sąd okręgowy" as the first instance court whose verdict may then be appealed to a "sąd apelacyjny" (an appeal court); these include: Formation, abolition and distribution. Such courts are established and abolished through a regulation of the Minister of Justice in consultation with the National Council of the Judiciary. Usually, a single "sąd rejonowy" is established to have jurisdiction over a court district () composed of one or more communes and usually a size of a county; nevertheless, the borders of these districts do not match in most cases the  ones of the counties. Moreover, under justified circumstances (usually in cases of the biggest cities), more than one "sąd rejonowy" may be established to have jurisdiction over parts of a single commune. Structure. Each court is composed of divisions (depending on the needs) as follows: The Minister of Justice may create through a regulation a local branch division of a "sąd rejonowy", located outside the main seat of the court and based in an other town.