The Enchanted World
The Enchanted World was a series of twenty-one books () published in the time period 1984-1987. Each book focused on different aspects of mythology, fairy tales or folklore, and all were released by Time Life Books. Their overall editor was Ellen Phillips and their primary consultant was Tristram Potter Coffin, a Guggenheim Fellowship Award-winning University of Pennsylvania Professor Emeritus of English. Overview. The volumes in the series were known for their art and the extensive research used by their respective authors retold stories, and were executed as gold imprinted, cloth bound hardcover books, with a  glued-on cover illustration. When a series subscription was taken out, a set of gypsy fortune telling cards was received as a bonus gift, becoming a collectible in its own right in recent years. The books often overlap; for example, while King Arthur and his knights only have one book completely devoted to them, "Fall of Camelot," they often appear in other books. Half of "Legends of Valor" is about them, and they appear in "Wizards and Witches," "Fairies and Elves," "Dwarfs," "Spells and Bindings," and "Giants and Ogres." A unique part of the series was that its books were  written as stories, taking place from an "in-universe" perspective, presenting its subjects as real people, places, and things. Related to such things having once been real, a common thread through several of them was its documentation of the alleged decline of magical things from "when the world was young" to the modern day. The subjects—dragons, dwarfs, giants—are presented as being potent and strong at the dawn of time, but magical creatures grow weaker and eventually disappear as humans spread and demystify the world, though there is always the promise that the magic will return once again. Christendom  is often related to the decline. Though "The Enchanted World" describes it as humankind's greatest shield against those magics and beings of magic that would prove hostile to it, it proved detrimental even to good magic as people ceased to believe in the old gods in favor of Christ. According to the series, this was because Christianity was centered around a god of reason and that it promised a clearly defined universe of order and stability, a universe where there could be only one god. Magic could hardly thrive under such circumstances. It continued to exist either in opposition  to Christianity or, more often, in connection to in-between places and in-between things. The series states that magic had always had a strong connection to things that were neither one thing nor another because as neither one thing nor another, such things could escape definition and be more than what they appeared. The original, first-printing American source publications have received two ISBNs (the second one "usually" eight numbers higher), but the reason for this is unclear. The popularity of the "Enchanted World" series, resulting in multiple reprint runs for most of the individual titles, led to the  subsequent followup publication of the 1987-91 "Mysteries of the Unknown" series. International editions. Despite the universal appeal of the subject matter, the series has not been widely translated into other languages, though French, German, and Dutch-language editions are known to have been near-concurrently released by the local Amsterdam "Time-Life Books [International] BV" branch. Truncated, the Dutch-language edition (as "Het Rijk der Fabelen", which literally translates as "The Realm of Fables"), did not see the last eight volumes in translation – most likely because of disappointing sales. On the other hand, it was standard issued with a  dust jacket, contrary to the English, and other-language editions, which were normally issued without one for individual title bookstore sales, whereas series subscribers were issued with one. The same branch was also responsible for the similarly released French, German and UK English-language editions, of which the latter were also intended for all territories outside the USA/Canada and indistinguishable from the US source publications, save for their ISBNs and the use of the British versus the American spelling. Unlike their Dutch counterpart, the French and German-language series editions were completed in their entirety as "Les mondes enchantés  and Verzauberte Welten" ("Enchanted Worlds" – plural in both cases) respectively. Both editions were Amsterdam branch publications and while the French edition did not, the German edition carried Dutch ISBNs, confusingly the very same ones as the Dutch-language counterparts if there were any. Contrary to the French and Dutch editions though, which only saw one print run each, but like in the USA, the series was a popular one in the German-speaking territories, enjoying multiple reprints; of the first title, "Zauberer und Hexen", for example, is known that there have been at least five printings. The European edition releases  lagged only slightly behind the release of the US source publications. A decade after the publication of the series by Time Life, the French, Dutch, and first-edition German-language editions were joined by two other, latter-day foreign language editions. The first concerned the 1995 second-edition German-language hardcover without a dust jacket release, licensed to Augsburg-based publisher , carrying the series title "Die geheimnisvolle Welt der Mythen und Sagen" ("The mysterious world of myths and sagas") and featuring deviant cover art. Moscow-based publisher Terra followed suit one year later with a licensed Russian-language first edition , entitled "Зачарованный мир" ("Zacharovannyĭ mir"), a literal translation of the series title. This edition was published in its entirety, contrary to both the Dutch-language edition as well as the German second-edition release, which ran for only eight volumes. Apart from these two foreign language licensed editions, the UK too saw a second-edition in 2003-2005, licensed to London publisher Caxton Press. As with the German second-edition release, this British second-edition was only a partial reprint of the series (only six second-edition titles are known), likewise featuring deviant cover art without a dust jacket. The  Series. "In order of publication; the UK and German-language editions have their first-edition ISBN listed first, followed by the second-edition ISBN where applicable:" Section::::"Wizards and Witches" (1984, ). Brendan Lehane's book opens stating that in the earliest days the world was not yet fully ordered and the process of creation not yet completed. Since reality was fluid, it was relatively easy for mighty wizards such as Finland's Väinämöinen, Taliesin, Manannán mac Lir, Math the Ancient and Gwydion to cast their magic. Magic in those days was almost instinctual and inborn; it was an art. Those days  ended with Merlin, the last of the old wizards, famous for his mentorship of King Arthur and the realm of Camelot. When he withdrew from the world, magic itself began to withdraw, and the wizards retreated from human sight. As Christianity came to define the world, the use of magic became much more difficult and even dangerous. It was now no longer an art to be understood instinctively, but a science that required years of study, and perhaps presumed too much: to reshape the order of reality was to challenge God (the author of that reality), and, more often than  not, a wizard found himself taking the aid of Satan himself. Some wizards earned their powers legitimately and used them responsibly; Roger Bacon is one example, as revealed in one tale. Others, such as Michael Scot, gambled their souls by attending the Scholomance, the school of black magic. Still others, such as Faustus, took the quick and easy way and made deals with the Devil, always with grisly results. Concurrent with the scholar wizards were their more humble cousins, the witches. Unlike their male counterparts, their magic retained links to the natural world. Some witches were good and were called  white witches, cunning folk, and fairy doctors. They tended to be good Christians and they used their powers for good; their spells were often indistinguishable from prayers. The White Paternoster is just one example. They were needed to counterbalance and oppose their evil sisters who used their powers for the sake of greed, revenge, or even just cruel pleasure. They more often than not placed themselves in the service of the devil and served as his perfect followers. The Witches' Sabbath was their chief pleasure. Lehane closes that as time marched on and witches retreated from humankind, their magic was  forgotten and relegated to stories for scaring children. Even so, their ancestors, the sleeping wizards, are still alive and waiting for the time to awaken. The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following three chapters, which each contain sub-chapters and side bar stories. UK edition: "Wizards and Witches" (1984, 2003, ) Dutch edition: "Heksen en tovenaars" (1984, ) German edition: "Zauberer und Hexen" (1984, ) French edition: "Sorcières et magiciens" (1984, ) Russian edition: "Kolduny i vedʹmy" (1996, ) Section::::"Dragons" (1984, ). "Dragons" opens recounting the legends of Apep, Tiamat, Jörmungandr, Nidhoggr, and Typhon. Born before time began, these creatures were sons  of chaos, and so the gods did battle with them, for only when they were beaten could order prevail and the universe be born. Across various cultures, the same story was told with Set and Ra, Marduk, Thor, and Zeus playing the same role. The gods ultimately did prevail and these cosmic dragons were destroyed but the fight was not yet over because they left descendants with whom mortals would do battle. Cadmus's dragon was one example. Chinese dragons and other Asian dragons were an exception to all this; unlike their western cousins, they never lost their semi-divine  status and, again unlike them, they were mostly benevolent. The creator goddess Nu Kua was herself partly dragon, and the Emperor of China sat on the Dragon Throne. The Dragon Kings governed wind and water and for the rain they sent the Chinese people loved them. No such love was present for European dragons. While not always evil as seen with the Laidly Worm, dragons were nearly always a threat, and even when they were not, they guarded treasures that man sought, whether gold or water or something else. They had to be destroyed and Christianity, "the hammer of the  dragon race," proved one of the most powerful weapons against them because it promised a world in which dragons, creatures of appetite, could have no place. Some saints killed their dragons, such as Saint Margaret, while other saints, such as Carantoc, tamed theirs. Regardless of the good intentions of men like Carantoc, however, peaceful coexistence between man and dragon was almost impossible as the tale of Saint Martha and Tarasque shows. The dragonslayers rose up to destroy them as well. Saint George is the most famous example. A dragonslayer could expect to win gold, women, and everlasting glory, but it  was usually a quest for survival. In the end, humans civilized the world and drove dragons to extinction. The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain sub-chapters and side bar stories. UK edition: "Dragons" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Draken" (1984, ) German edition: "Drachen" (1985, 1995, ) French edition: "Dragons et serpents" (1985, ) Russian edition: "Drakony" (1996, ) Section::::"Fairies and Elves" (1984, ). Unlike other books in the series, this text does not concentrate on the decline of magic, though it does state that in the beginning, beings of pure magic (not exactly gods but more  than mortal) freely intermingled with mortals (the friendship of Arawn and Pwyll is one example) only to separate themselves later on. They were known to the Norse as the Alfar or elves in English and sometimes as fairies, a word that derives from the Latin fatum/fate and fatare/enchant. Fairie correctly refers to their lands or magic. In contrast to mortals, beings who sought order, these magical beings were said to be very fickle and unpredictable. Even members of the usually good Seelie Court were prone to mischief. The chief classifications were the trooping and solitary fairies the aristocrats  and peasants of their kind. Among the Trooping fairies are mentioned the Sidhe, the Tuatha Dé Danann and the children of the Dagda. Though friendly enough to their mortal counterparts, they eventually withdrew from their sight and were replaced in mortal interactions by their smaller cousins. Leshy, polevik, and other nature spirits continued to haunt the wilds of the world. They were all very unpredictable; some were friendly to humans and used their powers to help them with their household chores while others were cruel and delighted in tormenting mortals. Inevitably, the fairies weakened in the wake of humanity. This  was in changelings; a fairy mother would exchange her child with a human child, perhaps to add the vigor of humanity to a weakening race. Also, the friendly meetings which had characterized their relationship with mortals grew increasingly rare. Husbands of swan maidens often won their wives only through deceit. True love was possible between fairies and mortals but, as in the case of Melusine, the love failed when the mortal husband broke the wife's trust. The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain sub-chapters. UK edition: "Fairies and Elves  (1986, 2005, ) Dutch edition: Feeën en elfen" (1984, ) German edition: "Feen und Elfen" (1984, ) French edition: "Les Elfes et les fées" (1984, ) Russian edition "Fei i ėlʹfy" (1996, ) Section::::"Ghosts" (1984, ). This book about ghosts opens starting with one of the many ghost stories contained throughout the book. A short excerpt, "Late one spring night in the last century, a certain Englishman found himself, to his astonishment, standing in the garden outside his house. It was quite bewildering. He remembered falling asleep in his bed, but he had no memory of waking and walking out the door. Yet here he was , shivering in the chill, his bare feet buried in rain-soaked grass. Another surprise awaited him: when he tried the door, it proved to be locked." The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain sub-chapters. UK edition: "Ghosts" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Spoken" (1985, ) German edition: "Gespenster" (1985, ) French edition: "Fantômes et revenants" (1985, ) Russian edition: "Privideniia" (1996, ) Section::::"Legends of Valor" (1984, ). Written by Brendan Lehane, "Legends of Valor" centers primarily on Cúchulainn and the world of the Ulster Cycle, and later on King Arthur and the Matter of Britain. Other heroes  briefly mentioned are Perseus, Sigurd, and Roland from Greek myth, Volsunga saga, and the Matter of France/Song of Roland, respectively. In detailing the life of Cuchulain, Lehane writes that in the early world, tribes needed champions to protect them and lead them in battle. The king could not risk his life, so in his place a hero fought and were the jewels in a king's crown. It emphasizes that heroes were often born to gods and mortal Queens—it was not given to peasants to sire or spawn heroes. Such men were warriors and were expected to be  fierce and savage. Their lives were short, bound to vows of vengeance and the "cruel demands of honor." The life of Irish hero Cuchulain is retold, and with it, how while there were other men of the Red Branch, he proved himself the greatest champion of Conchobar mac Nessa, King of Ulster. Cuchulain, the son of Lugh fought bravely for his king and became a warrior without peer, although he was killed by Maeve who tricked him into breaking his various vows or geis. After Cuculain's death, Ireland was plunged into chaos, though later, as the Fenian cycle told , order was restored. Leading men milder and more civilized, but just as valiant, High King Cormac Mac Art and his Fianna protected Ireland from invasion. Even there conflicting vows could spell doom as when Grianne betrayed her husband the king by sleeping with his champion Diarmuid. The rest of the story centers on the "Brotherhood of the Round Table." Heroes still lived but they were different from their forebears, most notably in the moralizing effects of chivalry. A knight was expected to be kind to women, to show mercy to defeated foes, and to refuse no plea for help. Horses  also gave men greater mobility. Under the salvific influence of Christianity, Arthur and his men were the finest heroes in all Christendom and beyond. Despite the Christian kingdom of Camelot being at peace, such men were needed as giants, dragons, and witches made Britain a place of wonder and danger. Some magical beings, such as the Lady of the Lake, proved friends. However, those who would harm the innocent were kept at bay due to Arthur's Knights, chief among them Lancelot, the Lady's son. Unfortunately, Lancelot's love for Guinevere, Arthur's Queen, would bring down Camelot which  was already grievously exhausted by the Grail Quest. In searching for the Holy Grail, the Knights of the Round Table did prove themselves the very best heroes of all times but the loss of so many good men in the quest crippled Camelot and left it vulnerable to decay from within. Arthur's bastard son Mordred, in the end, destroyed the perfect world his father tried to create, though it is promised that one day, Arthur will return. The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain sub-chapters. UK edition: "Legends of  Valour" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Heldensagen" (1985, ) German edition: "Heldensagen" (1985, 1995, ); the only second-edition title to carry the original cover illustration French edition: "Légendes chevaleresques" (1985, ) Russian edition: "Legendy doblesti" (1996, ) Section::::"Night Creatures" (1985, ). This book opens with one of many stories in the book about creatures of the night. The first story is an old Danish tale. Following is an excerpt, "Within this hall, hearths and torches blazed warm and bright, and drinking horns passed freely among the warriors of the Scylding clan; bards intoned the praises of their chieftain, Hrothgar, the valorous King; harpists sang of warmth  and light. Outside the hall, however, solitary in the cold and dark, another kind of being walked. Although manlike, that being was no man. Huge and hairy, it shambled through the night mists of fell and fen, its claws scrabbling from time to time in the dirt as it tore at its hapless prey - hares, ferrets and other small beasts." The book contains 141 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain sub-chapters. UK edition: "Night Creatures" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Wezens van de duisternis" (1985, ) German edition: "Nachtgeschöpfe" (1985, ) French edition: "Les Créatures de la  nuit" (1985, ) Russian edition: "Prizraki nochi" (1996, ) Section::::"Water Spirits" (1985, ). "Water Spirits" opens with the story of man who saved the life of a mermaid who promptly blessed him with the power to heal and to break witchcraft and cursed him so that every generation one man from his family would drown. This was done to illustrate people's fear of the sea as a mysterious and fickle place that could from one moment give life and in the other death. Water was hailed as the source of life; the Hindus worshipped the Ganges under the name of Ganga, Mimir 's well gave Odin his wisdom, the Nile and the Jordan River built civilizations, and everywhere people sought the Fountain of Youth. "Water Spirits" then points out that the creation myths of many cultures imagine the universe coming out of the watery deep and that many cultures recalled a time when the world was washed clean of sinners by the Great Flood. Humans began taking the initiative in sea quests, however, as seen with Jason and his Argonauts. He was faithful to the gods and led a crew of heroes across the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Black Seas. Regardless of his  initial faithfulness to the gods, those same gods destroyed Jason but turned the Argo into a constellation. That was a testimony to how fickle the gods could be, because sea gods were viewed in relation to their seas. Poseidon, for example, was as arbitrary as the enchanted seas and magic islands he ruled. On the contrary, the kinder Ea came from the calmer Persian Gulf to teach men civilization and agriculture whilst the consistently cruel Rán ruled the volatile North Sea. The gods would lose their strength, however. In Christian times, sailors no longer worshipped the sea gods but still  lived in fear of the sea's power. For example, ships were still launched on Woden's Day/Wednesday and not, for example, on Thor's Day for fear of storms and thunder. Figureheads replaced the "oculi," or eyes, of Greek Triremes, but the function remained the same; keep a lookout for evil. Anointing a ship with wine replaced the pagan custom on smearing ships with animal and even human blood. There were limits, as seen with how Christian priests were rarely let on board for fear of angering the old gods. Lakes and rivers held their powers too in  the form of Nixes and Undines. The Japanese told of Urashima and Europeans of selkies and mermaids; daughters of foam-born Aphrodite, they were carved on churches as warning against lust. The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain sub-chapters. UK edition: "Water Spirits" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Watergeesten" (1985, ) German edition: "Wassergeister" (1986, 1995, ) French edition: "Les Génies des eaux" (1986, ) Russian edition: "Dukhi vod" (1996, ) Section::::"Magical Beasts" (1985, ). "Magical Beasts" opens with a recounting of how early in humanity's existence the world was locked in an Ice Age. Humans  feared the animals and worshipped the cave bear. Time passed and the cave bear perished, but other beast gods remained such as Cernunnos. The gods of Egypt were beast men and the Greeks spoke of their gods disguising themselves as animals. There are other examples such as Chiron; a centaur, he was hailed as the divine beast. There came the day, however, that Pan, the goat god, died and the beast gods's decline began. This was seen in how animalistic Fomorians of Ireland had lost their magic and were forced to ruling with brute force. They and Balor, their  king, were routed by his grandson Lugh of the Long Hand, champion of the ascendant Tuatha de Danaan. Magic was dying as Europe was Christianized, but there were other places in the world such as Asia where magic yet held sway and dog men, monopods, and Blemmyes. It also recounts that many flying animals, both mundane and magical, commanded respect for reason that they were able to escape the mundane world by flight. Pegasus, the roc, simurghs, firebirds, the phoenix, and even ordinary birds like the raven in mythology and the robin were revered. Other flying animals were also known  such as griffins, harpies and tengus. Of all magical beasts, however, the unicorn was the most respected. It epitomised beauty and purity but courage as well because it would never let itself be taken alive. Its cousins included China's ki-lin and the Persian karkadann which, unlike their European counterpart, respectively embodied only gentility or ferocity. All, however, could be tamed by maidens. Unicorn horns also had the power to cure poison and disease; in their desire to obtain the horns, humans drove unicorns to extinction. The text mentions other beasts such as the manticore, mermecolion, barometz, basilisk, and  peryton. The book contains 143 pages and is divided into the following three chapters, which each contain sub-chapters. UK edition: "Magical Beasts" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Fabeldieren" (1985, ) German edition: "Fabeltiere" (1985, 1995, ) French edition: "Bestiaire magique" (1985, ) Russian edition: "Volshebnye zhivotnye" (1996, ) Section::::"Dwarfs" (1985, ). Dwarfs (actual spelling used in book - this is the traditional spelling - "dwarves" comes from "The Hobbit" author J.R.R. Tolkien and was an intentional change of spelling) opens with the "Younger ("Prose") Edda," a narration of Norse mythology. It opens with Norse dwarves and tells how the race began soon after Odin and his Aesir killed  Ymir, using his flesh to make the earth. The maggots that crawled from the flesh became dwarfs. Corpse grey and subterranean troglodytes, the gods tended to look down on them but the dwarfs, brash and brazen, knew that when Aesir needed weapons or wanted luxuries that the dwarfs by their magical craftsmanship alone could provide what was needed. While author Tim Appenzeller admits that such tales contain much fiction, they still contain a grain of truth. However, in time the dwarfs lost the ability, or the will, to stand as equals to the gods and walked among mortals. With the  pagan gods dead and "the" God and His Church dominant, a new world had dawned. Even so, the dwarf kings such as Herla or Laurin of the Tyrol's Mountains were not afraid and outshone their cavedwelling ancestors in splendor. The dwarfs adapted well to Christian Europe, befriending mortals; Alberich, for example, was famous for befriending King Otnit of Lombardy and going with him to Syria to help him win an exotic pagan princess for a bride. The tale of Elidor is also recounted. The dwarfs' decline is further explored with the dwarfish peasantry. They were friendly towards mortal peasants  with whom they shared parallel lives and they often helped each other just as their respective kings did. However, as humans grew stronger, forming centralized states, large cities, roads, and factories, and as the dwarfs' own magic began to fail them, the fragile ties of friendship began to unravel and most dwarfs left the mortal world. Those that remained, abandoned by their fellows suffered a diaspora and placed themselves at mortals' mercy. They went on to become household spirits slavishly serving as domestic help of their particular mortals, though even there they would go into retreat. The last sightings of  dwarfs concerned the Knockers, beings that lived in mines and watched over miners. While, the text says, miners would give them food and drink; these were offerings, not rewards. Tim Appenzeller goes on to speculate that knockers are just the most visible members of hidden dwarf kingdoms. While some of them might be recent dwarf refugees from the outside world, some of them might have always lived there, "awaiting the day when their earth-shaping skills will once again dazzle mortals and gods alike." The book contains 141 pages and is divided into the following four chapters, which each contain  sub-chapters. UK edition: "Dwarfs" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Dwergen" (1985, ) German edition: "Zwerge" (1985, ) French edition: "Gnomes et nains" (1986, ) Russian edition: "Gnomy" (1996, ) Section::::"Spells and Bindings" (1985, ). On magical spells. UK edition: "Spells and Bindings" (1985, 2004, ) Dutch edition: "Toverspreuken" (1986, ) German edition:"Zauberbann und Zaubersprüche" (1986, ) French edition: "Charmes et maléfices" (1986, ) Russian edition: "Chary i puty" (1996, ) Section::::"Giants and Ogres" (1985, ). "Giants and Ogres" opens by stating that at the dawn of time, the giants were the mightiest of beings, creatures whom even the gods feared. It cites the legends of Og, Orion, Cronus, and Ymir, and shows  that in those earliest of days, giants were indeed wielders of incredible size and strength. However, these "princes of the cosmos" were also superior to the gods (their children) in authority, wisdom, and magic. In fact, it was from the giants that the Greek and Norse gods had to wrest their dominion. Even after, as was seen in the Northlands where the giants held to their power the longest, the gods looked to the giants as equals, beings to whom they would turn in search of wisdom. However, as the "first world" ended and they lost their equality with the  gods, giants assimilated into mortal society. Some, such as Bran the Blessed, went on to become kings and heroes, worthy heirs of their ancestors. Others befriended and watched over the peasantry; some giantesses even used their magic as midwives for their tiny neighbors. However, as the giants' decline accelerated, they grew increasingly hostile to humans. They became enemies of humanity, using their superior strength and their magic to attack the younger race that was taking over their world. Their cousins, the trolls and the ogres, became outright predators raping human women and eating human men. Examples such as the giant  who had no heart in his body or of the giant who faced Jack atop the beanstalk (illustrated by Barry Moser) are cited. By the end of their existence, when men like King Arthur and Charlemagne ruled, the giants were totally defeated. While there remained a few wise and noble giants such as Ferragus, who battled Roland, they were the exceptions. Most had shrunk in size to the point that they were only slightly larger than humans. Worse, the giants—beings whose wisdom even the gods had once envied—became degenerate cretins, who could be bested by mere children's  tricks. Though the giants disappeared, the common folk never forgot them, they remembered the great monuments they had built, such as Giant's Causeway, and the Long Man of Wilmington, as illustrated by Willi Glasauer. UK edition: "Giants and Ogres" (1985, ) Dutch edition: "Reuzen en Wildemannen" (1986, ) German edition: "Riesen und Ungeheuer" (1986, 1995, ) French edition: "Ogres et géants" (1986, ) Russian edition: "Velikany i lyudoyedy" (1996, ) Section::::"Seekers and Saviors" (1986, ). Tales and beliefs about the adventures of explorers, heroes, and damsels. UK edition: "Seekers and Saviours" (1986, ) Dutch edition: "Sprookjesfiguren" (1986, ) German edition: "Rächer und Retter" (1986, ) French edition: "Les  Héros et les humbles" (1986, ) Russian edition: "V poiskakh spaseniia" (1996, ) Section::::"Fabled Lands" (1986, ). About Mythological places UK edition: "Fabled Lands" (1986, ) Dutch edition: "Legendarische Koninkrijken" (1986, ); final title to see a Dutch translation German edition: "Verwunschene Reiche" (1986, 1995, ) French edition: "Royaumes fabuleux" (1986, ) Russian edition: "Volshebnye strany" (1996, ) Section::::"Book of Christmas" (1986, ). Brendan Lehane's "Book of Christmas" opens with a brief retelling of the Nativity story told in the Gospels of Luke and Mark. It recounts Mary and Joseph going to Bethlehem and the birth of Jesus Christ but states that the pattern was already set. The  fact that the birth of Jesus, the Sun of Righteousness, is celebrated in December is no accident. There are many winter festivals. Most people worshipped the sun as a god and so were afraid when winter came and it seemed that the lifegiving sun grew weak; thus they celebrated the Solstice, the winter day when the weakening sun regained its strength. In fact, many Christmas traditions have their roots in pre-Christian traditions but it was the birth of Jesus that made a season of fear into a season of hope. Such fears are mentioned in tales of animal and  even human sacrifice meant to appease the pagan gods such as Odin in hopes of surviving winter. Christmas was also said to be the time of the dead; as it was the time when the whole world seemed to die and was an undefined in between time, it was only right the ghosts and monsters rise up against mortals. Similarly, the Wild Hunt and its various leaders are recounted, various heathen deities such as Berchta and Gwyn ap Nudd being cast out by their former worshippers in favor of the Christian God whose mortal birth those worshippers celebrated. However, while  winter could be terrifying, Lehane asserts that most Christians were not afraid. They celebrated a topsy-turvy Christmastide with mummers and plays and feasts led by the Abbot of Misrule. Christmas was a time filled with old magic when animals could talk and nature spirits abounded, but followers of the new religion saw nothing strange in keeping their ancestors' pagan traditions alive. Their faith was not the abolition, but rather the fulfillment, of their old rituals because with Jesus, the rituals meant to hold back winter's darkness were vindicated. Lehane states, "In the Child born at Bethlehem, they had  the promise of spring in the heart of midwinter, the divine gift of a bright, cleansing flame to drive away the dark." UK edition: "Book of Christmas" (1986, 2004, ) German edition: "Das Weihnachtsbuch" (1986, ) French edition: "Le livre de Noël" (1987, ) Russian edition: "Kniga rozjdestva" (1996, ) Section::::"Fall of Camelot" (1986, ). The book is 143 pages long. It is divided into seven chapters. Each chapter deals with a different person in the life of King Arthur. 1. Arthur (pg.8) Arthur's father, Uther Pendragon sees Igraine, the beautiful wife of Gorlois, the Duke of Cornwall. He desires her and asks for  help from the Wizard, Prophet and Enchanter Merlin. Merlin promises to do this in exchange for any child that may be conceived from the union. Merlin enchants Uther to look like Gorlois and Uther has his way with Igraine. Nine months later, Arthur is born and taken away by Merlin. He is raised in secret in Wales until the age of fifteen. During a tournament in London, Arthur, acting as a squire, while searching for a sword for the knight he serves, finds the Sword in the Stone in a church courtyard and pulls it out, thereby proving to the  world that he is the rightful heir to the throne of England. Even with this heavenly mandate, Arthur still is forced to defeat many other armies in battle in order to win the throne. 2. Morgause (pg.20) Igraine and Lord Gorlois had had three daughters before Lord Gorlois died. These daughters knew that Arthur was their half-brother. Arthur, though, was unaware. The eldest of the three daughters, Morgause, travelled to Camelot, where Arthur fell in love with her. Merlin prophesied that if Arthur slept with Morgause that the child that would come of it would destroy England and kill  Arthur. Arthur ignored this counsel and took Morgause anyway. She then became pregnant and left before Arthur was aware of it. The child that he fathered that evening was Mordred. 3. Guinevere (pg.36) Guinevere was the daughter of Lord Leodegrain. Arthur fell in love with her and married her. During the wedding feast, Guinevere asked Merlin to perform some magic for her and the guests as entertainment. At first he declined, but then later created an illusion that entertained, but also upset many. After the spell was complete, Merlin told all that his act of casting magic had alerted the  Old Ones who were now looking at and paying attention to King Arthur and his court. Having the attention of the Old Ones is something that is not preferred. It can bring a lot of pain. 4. Morgan (pg.56) All of Gorlois and Igraine's three daughters hated Arthur, but Morgan, the youngest, hated him the most. But she hid her hate well. Arthur knew neither that she was his sister nor that she hated him. She and her husband came to live with Arthur in Camelot, where her husband worked as one of Arthur's knights. Morgan, though, was  very beautiful, and many of the knights chose to be close to her. One day, Arthur was kidnapped by a knight who was having an affair with Morgan. Before the fight, Morgan had stolen Arthur's sword Caliburn and had given it to her lover. She then also gave Arthur a cursed copy of his own sword. During the fight, the cursed sword slowed Arthur down and took away enough of his strength that he was about to lose the fight. But the Lady of the Lake arrived, magically pulled the sword from the hand of his enemy, and returned  it to Arthur. Arthur, who won the fight, also became aware of Morgan's hate for him. Nevertheless, Morgan tried to kill Arthur several other times, unsuccessfully. 5. Lancelot (pg.74) At birth, Lancelot's name was Galahad, but after his father was killed and his father's castle destroyed, he was taken and raised by the Lady of the Lake. This was where he received the name Lancelot. He is also sometimes referred to as the "Fair Foundling" and "Lancelot du Lac." He was the greatest of all knights. No one was his equal. He was presented to Arthur when  he was eighteen by the faeries. Arthur took him in and trained him to be a knight. Lancelot and Guinevere though fell in love at first sight and they had a secret affair that lasted for years. Morgan, Arthur's half-sister, found out about this affair and informed the King about it. Lancelot had a son with another woman and gave him the name Galahad, which had been his own birth name. 6. Mordred (pg.90) Mordred was unaware for a long time that his father was Arthur. He came with his mother Morgause and lived in Camelot, where he  eventually became one of Arthur's knights. During one travel, Mordred and Lancelot met an old man who prophesied to Mordred that he would kill his own father, Arthur, destroy the knights of the round table, and kill the old man as well, but that his father, Arthur, would also kill him. This is how Mordred found out that Arthur was his father. Mordred grew so angry that he drew his sword and killed the old man instantly. Lancelot felt like killing Mordred for his cruelty, but chose not to. Mordred eventually found out about the affair between Lancelot and  Guinevere, and thus, he followed Lancelot and Guinevere and found a place where they were sleeping. In consequence, Mordred brought many knights there to act as witnesses of the affair. Lancelot fought his way out and left Camelot, but Guinevere was taken and arrested. Arthur was law-bound to punish his wife and the law demanded that she be burned at the stake. The next day, many knights had left Camelot, as everyone had loved Guinevere, and her execution sentence seemed so unjust that the round table was broken. Many knights abandoned their brotherhood. The two knights who were ordered  to tie her to the stake and burn her refused to wear their armor to do it. They did not agree with the sentence either, and refused to obey it as knights. But as the fires were lit, a band of rebel knights, led by Lancelot, burst into Camelot, killed the men who had been ordered to execute Guinevere, and took Guinevere away to safety. 7. Gawain (pg.118) The brother of the two knights slain by Lancelot was Gawain. He had been a knight to King Arthur for years and was one of Arthur's most trusted allies. Gawain's  anger for Lancelot was deep and insatiable. Nothing would end his anger except the death of Lancelot. Arthur, who now controlled many fewer knights than before, could not risk losing his greatest ally, so, Arthur and his remaining troops camped around the stronghold where Lancelot now lived in France. Guinevere had long since been returned to Camelot after Lancelot vowed to all that no affair had ever taken place. Guinevere was safe because of Lancelot's lie, but Gawain's anger was still demanded that Lancelot die. The siege lasted weeks. During the siege, Arthur received a note that said  that Mordred had told the people that Arthur had died in battle and that Mordred was now King. The note also said that Mordred had vowed to take Guinevere as his wife. Arthur immediately returned to Camelot with all of his forces. There was a great battle in which Gawain, Arthur and Mordred were slain. Mordred killed Arthur and as he died, Arthur's stroke also killed his son Mordred. UK edition: "Fall of Camelot" (1986, 2003, ) German edition: "Die Ritter der Tafelrunde" (1986, 1995, ) French edition: "La fin du roi Arthur" (1986, ) Russian edition: "Padenie Kamelota" (1996, ) Section::::"Magical Justice  (1986, ). UK edition: Magical Justice" (1986, ) German edition: "Triumph der Gerechtigkeit" (1987, ) French edition: "Justice magique" (1987, ) Russian edition: "Volshebnaia spravedlivost" (1996, ) Section::::"Lore of Love" (1987, ). UK edition: "Lore of Love" (1987, ); this UK version differs from the US one by featuring a dark green cloth cover instead of the purple cover of the US edition German edition: "Liebesglück und Liebesleid" (1987, ) French edition: "Histoires d'amour" (1987, ) Russian edition: "Skazaniia o liubvi" (1996, Section::::"The Book of Beginnings" (1986, ). Creation myths and folklore. UK edition: "The Book of Beginnings" (1986, ) German edition: "Mythen der Urzeit" (1987, 1995, ) French edition: "Le Livre  des commencements" (1987, ) Russian edition:"Kniga nachal" (1996, ) Section::::"Tales of Terror" (1987, ). UK edition: "Tales of Terror" (1987, ) German edition: "Gruselgeschichten" (1987, ) French edition: "Histoires terrifiantes" (1987, ) Russian edition: "Skazaniia uzhasov" (1996, ) Section::::"The Secret Arts" (1987, ). UK edition: "The Secret Arts" (1987, ) German edition: "Die magischen Künste" (1987, ) French edition: "Les Secrets de la magie" (1987, ) Russian edition: "Taĭnye iskusstva" (1996, ) Section::::"Gods and Goddesses" (1987, ). UK edition: "Gods and Goddesses" (1987, 2004, ) German edition: "Göttinnen und Götter" (1987, ) French edition: "Dieux et deesses" (1987, ) Russian edition: "Bogi i bogini" (1996, ) Advertising. "The Enchanted World" was advertised with a series of commercials  transmitted either in first-run syndication or during late-night television programming. The first of these known to be transmitted featured four people who described themselves as being in touch with the Enchanted World: 1. Susan Hammett, who called herself an authentic witch. She began the first commercial by saying: "People think witches exist only in fairy tales. I'm living proof that we're "real"--and still around "today!" In fact...I'm from a "long line" of witches." 2. Litany Burns, a self-styled clairvoyant. Her statement was: "Ever since I was a little girl, I could detect objects that  aren't visible to ordinary senses. So ghosts are nothing new to me. I've seen them "many" times." 3. Olga Hayes, a tarot card reader. According to her statement: "The tarot cards are over five hundred years old. With them, I can tell a person's future. I can also tell what they were--in another life." And 4. Wayne Weiseman, a self-styled psychic and the only male on-camera participant in the commercial. As he phrased his contacts with the Enchanted World: "There are times when I find myself in another world. (The bespectacled Weiseman here removed  his eye-glasses and faced the camera more directly.) I'm actually "there." A "lot" of people have this power. They just have to "develop" it." At least two of the later commercials featured actor Vincent Price, well known for his frequent roles in horror films: All the commercials ended with announcer Ted Alexander providing a toll-free telephone number for viewers to call, together with a mailing address where payment for each book in the series could be sent after a ten-day trial. Reception. Colin Greenland reviewed "Fairies and Elves" for "Imagine" magazine, and stated that "a big  colour book, of fairy stories and paintings, medieval, Elizabethan and Victorian, all jumbled together With little sense of history or meaning."