Tomba!
Tomba! is a 1997 platform-adventure game developed by Whoopee Camp and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It was released in Japan in 1997 and in other territories the following year. The game centers on the eponymous feral child as he attempts to recover his grandfather's bracelet from an evil race of anthropomorphic pigs. Creator Tokuro Fujiwara developed "Tomba!" after leaving Capcom in 1995, founding Whoopee Camp as director, producer and lead designer. He chose the game's 2D side-scrolling perspective for the format's straightforward nature, and created a non-linear "event" system  to differentiate the game from other platforming titles. "Tomba!" was received positively by critics, with praise for its controls, visuals, and varied gameplay objectives. However, the game's audio received a more mixed reception. Despite the game's lackluster commercial performance, it was followed by a sequel in 1999, "". "Tomba!" maintained a cult following years after its debut, and was re-released on the PlayStation Network in 2011. Gameplay. "Tomba!" is an open world platform-adventure game with RPG elements. The player controls the titular character Tomba, who must explore his home island, defeat the evil Koma Pigs and recover  his grandfather's golden bracelet. Most of the game takes place in a side-scrolling perspective. However, Tomba can occasionally climb over walls to move between the foreground and background as separate areas. Some areas allow the player to explore them in an isometric view. Along with the ability to jump, Tomba can attack enemy characters by leaping onto and biting into their back before tossing them in a straightforward trajectory. Tomba can also attack enemies by obtaining various weapons, such as flails and boomerangs. Signposts scattered throughout the environment state how to use the game's controls and abilities , while a select few can be used to save the player's progress. When Tomba interacts with a certain character or environmental element, an "event" may be initiated, in which Tomba is given a task to accomplish or an obstacle to overcome. Such events may consist of finding a lost item, rescuing a stranded character or clearing a blockade in the imminent path. Upon completing an event, the player is rewarded with "Adventure Points", which can be used to access additional events and unlock specifically-marked chests. Multiple events can be undertaken at once and often do not require being  cleared in any specific order. The game features an inventory system that displays the player's current collection of items and events. The game includes a total of 130 events. The player begins the game with a maximum of four "vitality points" that are represented as a series of yellow bars on the upper-left corner of the screen. Tomba loses a vitality point if he is hit by an enemy, touches a sharp object, or falls into deep water. Vitality points can be restored by eating fruit. When all vitality points are depleted or if Tomba falls down a  bottomless chasm, the player loses a life. If all lives are lost, the game ends prematurely. Plot. Years ago on an uncharted archipelago, a group known as the Seven Evil Pigs appeared and used their magical powers to tarnish the land. Their underlings, the Koma Pigs, began terrorizing the populace with their mischievous pranks. Years later, a curious and energetic boy named Tomba diligently protects his grandfather's grave and wears a gold bracelet as an heirloom. One day, Tomba's bracelet is stolen following a confrontation with a group of Koma Pigs. He pursues them to a nearby village , where he is directed to the 100-Year-Old Wise Man. The Wise Man tells the story of the Seven Evil Pigs' rise to power, and reveals that the Koma Pigs are stockpiling gold. He advises Tomba to find his bracelet by hunting the seven Evil Pigs hiding throughout the land. He also describes the Evil Pig Bags that could reveal the Pigs' hiding places, and suggests learning more from the Dwarf Elder in the next village. The Dwarf Elder gives Tomba a blue Pig Bag and tells him that the Bags can reveal the entrance to an Evil Pig 's hideout if Tomba approaches it. However, he warns that the individual Evil Pigs do not hide in the same area where they have cast their spell. Tomba explores the continent and gathers the rest of the Pig Bags. In the midst of his travels, an older Wise Man informs Tomba that the gold being hoarded by the Seven Evil Pigs is the source of their power. After Tomba captures the Seven Evil Pigs and lifts their spells over the land, an eighth Evil Pig Bag manifests within his possession and reveals the lair of the Evil Pigs' creator and  leader, the Real Evil Pig. After defeating the Real Evil Pig in his trove of gold, Tomba recovers his bracelet and leaves it resting upon his grandfather's grave. Development. "Tomba!" was created by Tokuro Fujiwara, who left Capcom in December 1995 after 13 years as an employee. Fujiwara's motivation stemmed from a desire to create new and original games, which he felt he was unable to do within Capcom. Upon exhausting his accumulated vacation days, Fujiwara resigned immediately following the release of "Resident Evil". Fujiwara soon established the independent development studio Whoopee Camp, and became the director, producer  and lead designer of the studio's debut game "Tomba!". Fujiwara chose to make a side-scrolling game as he believed this fundamental experience would excite players in a straightforward way. To distinguish "Tomba!" from other action games, Fujiwara designed a non-linear event system, as well as Tomba's gradual growth in abilities and resources. "Tomba!"s score was composed by Fujiwara's longtime Capcom collaborator Harumi Fujita, who eagerly approached Fujiwara for a position upon learning of Whoopee Camp's establishment. The game's Japanese version features the song "Paradise" by Tokyo Channel Q as its opening theme, and  Que Serã Serã by Fumitaka Fuchigami as the ending theme. Release. "Tomba!" was released in Japan on December 25, 1997. Promotional plush figures of Tomba and a Koma Pig were distributed in limited quantities around the game's original release date. The figures were also offered as prizes in a sweepstake run by "Gamers' Republic" in 1999. "Tomba!" was released in North America on July 16, 1998 and in Europe on August 28, 1998. The international release was improved, with shorter load times, more responsive controls, Gouraud shading on background elements, and other visual improvements. The intro theme "Paradise" was  retained for the American release, but with the vocals removed. The game is titled "Tombi!" in European territories; Erik Engström of "Hardcore Gaming 101" speculated that the change was motivated by the fact that "tomba" is an Italian word meaning "grave". The theme song of the television series "No Sweat" was used as the opening theme for the European version. "Tomba!" was re-released on the PlayStation Network in Japan on July 6, 2011. Distributor MonkeyPaw Games spent one year formulating an English-language distribution deal with Sony and Fujiwara. The English-language version of "Tomba!" was re-released on  the PlayStation Network in North America on June 19, 2012 and in Europe on October 3, 2012. The deal between MonkeyPaw Games, Sony and Fujiwara did not initially include the game's sequel "", and the involved parties elected to wait until "Tomba!"s re-release showed satisfactory sales figures before arranging the sequel's re-release. Reception. "Tomba!" was met with positive reviews upon release, obtaining an aggregate score of 84% on GameRankings. The events were praised for their variety, quantity, and non-linearity. Mark Cooke of "GameRevolution" noted that "Tomba!" was the first platform game to grant such freedom, following  attempts by RPGs such as "". However, John Ricciardi of "Electronic Gaming Monthly" and Joe Rybicki of "Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine" warned that the overlapping events may easily result in players getting sidetracked. The game's side-scrolling segments were considered reminiscent of platform games from earlier generations, particularly Fujiwara's past titles "Ghosts 'n Goblins" and "Ghouls 'n Ghosts". Cooke, however, felt that the lack of innovation made the gameplay "a little too tired". Several reviewers praised the responsiveness of the controls. Rybicki cited the high amount of load times as a negative point, and John Broady of "GameSpot" criticized  the limited save system as a "chore", suggesting that a system that saves the game after each event would have been more logical. The game's visuals were lauded for their bright and colorful presentation, smooth character animation, and combination of 2D character sprites and 3D polygonal environments. Crispin Boyer of "Electronic Gaming Monthly" compared the game's visuals to "", particularly in the "almost perfect marriage" of its disparate graphical elements. Cooke described the hand-drawn cutscenes as endearing and humorous, and regarded the introduction to be the game's best feature. All four reviewers for "Electronic Gaming Monthly" appreciated  the game's eccentric and lightly humorous tone, as did Rybicki, who found the game refreshing after a glut of post-apocalyptic three-dimensional third-person shooters at E3 1998. Erik Engström of "Hardcore Gaming 101" saw influences by various anime from the late 1970s and early 1980s; he compared the game's rural and fantastical setting and occasional scatological references to Akira Toriyama's "Dr. Slump", and compared the Koma Pigs to the "Yatterman" character Odate Buta. Reactions to the audio were more mixed. Some were impressed by the soundtrack and considered it catchy, with Cooke declaring that the  game "may set a new high water mark for platformers." Others were more apathetic, with Bro' Buzz of "GamePro" finding the sound effects "minimal to an extreme" and claiming that the music was "limited to one catchy but repetitive, goofy tune". Sequel. Despite "Tomba!"s positive critical reception, its commercial performance proved lukewarm; the game did not sell enough copies to qualify for inclusion in Sony's Greatest Hits, although it sold well enough to justify a sequel. Whoopee Camp released "" for the PlayStation in 1999, and the game was also met with positive reviews. However, it sold less than its  predecessor and Whoopee Camp disbanded after its release. "Tomba!" later garnered a cult following.