Stuckism in the United States
The Stuckism art movement was started in London in 1999 to promote figurative painting and oppose conceptual art. This was mentioned in the United States media, but the first Stuckist presence in US was not until the following year, when former installation artist, Susan Constanse, founded a Pittsburgh chapter. In 2001, a Seattle branch staged a demonstration against a "tacky" city art project; and Jeffrey Scott Holland, a Kentucky artist, organized a traveling show of Stuckist paintings. In 2002, Jesse Richards and others founded a Stuckist gallery in New Haven, and staged a protest against  the Iraq War. In 2004, Richards, Terry Marks and others took part in "The Stuckists Punk Victorian" show in England. In 2005, Richards staged a show of Stuckist and Remodernist groups in New York. In 2009, Nick Christos and others founded a student group in Miami. As of June 2010, there are 40 Stuckist groups in USA. UK origin. The anti-conceptual art and pro-figurative painting art movement, Stuckism, was founded by Charles Thomson and Billy Childish in 1999, and named after an insult from YBA artist, Tracey Emin. The founding group in London had 13 members. In 2000 , it was decided that other artists should be free to start their own groups also, named after their locality. Stuckism has since grown into an international art movement of 209 groups in 48 countries, as of November 2010. The initial UK group was covered in the US media: On 25 September 1999, CNN International covered the first London Stuckist show, "Stuck! Stuck! Stuck!" of "a radical new art movement". In the October issue of the Virgin Atlantic inflight magazine, "Hotair", Chrissy Iley said of the Stuckists, "there is a serious point to all this ... 'Brit Shit', as they refer to  the work of Emin and her cohorts, has become all shock and no value." In June 2000, "ARTnews", New York, covered the Stuckists. US Stuckism. In 2000, Susan Constanse founded the first US group. The Pittsburgh Stuckists—the second group to be founded outside the UK. This was announced in the "In Pittsburgh Weekly", November 1, 2000: "The new word in art is Stuckism. A Stuckist paints their life, mind and soul with no pretensions and no excuses." Later that month, the paper looked at Constanse's show of work, "Personal Thunderstorms", and said, "She believes conceptual art has alienated  most viewers; art shouldn't be a private language; and that it should speak of the human condition." In May 2001, the Seattle Stuckist group protested with placards, such as "Art-vertising is bad for the soul" and "Tacky and lame", against "Pigs on Parade", large fiberglass pigs which had been installed in the city and decorated by artists to make money for charity. Their objection was to commercial devaluation of art through "an insidious trend in corporate art-vertising. It appeals to the lowest public tastes by providing a kitschy, totally predigested and inoffensive McArt for the masses", especially  as social or ethical comment is banned from the designs. King 5 News mentioned the group (with a "glib chuckle"), but otherwise the event went unreported. In 2001, Jeffrey Scott Holland of the mid-Kentucky Stuckists organised a traveling show of Stuckist paintings in the US. In 2001, Terry Marks contacted Charles Thomson after hearing about Stuckism on the radio; he visited her in NYC that spring, and she has participated in exhibitions with various Stuckist groups in the UK, US, Spain, France, Australia, & Iran. Jesse Richards affiliated with the Stuckist art movement in 2001, and in 2002 with others  founded a gallery as the first Stuckism center in the US, helping to organize shows. The center opened its doors with a show entitled "We Only Want to Do Some Fucking Paintings." To "highlight the fact that the Iraq War does not have the support of the United Nations, thus violating a binding contract with the UN", "The Clown Trial of President Bush" took place at 7 p.m. on March 21, 2003 on the steps of the New Haven Federal Courthouse, staged by local Stuckist artists dressed in clown costume, led by Jesse Richards, Nicholas Watson and Tony Juliano. One  of the participants was "a public defender for the state of CT. He thought it would be cool to dress up with us as clowns and do the thing. He ended up playing the clown judge. The courthouse that he works at is a block away from the federal courthouse where we did this." Simultaneously the Stuckism International gallery run by them opened a "War on Bush" show, including work from Brazil, Germany and the UK, while the London equivalent staged a "War on Blair" show. "The Yale Herald" reported it with the headline, "Stuckists scoff at 'crap,' war". Richards  took the opportunity to comment, "Duchamp would go over to the Yale University Art Gallery and he would say, 'This is crap,' and he would go paint a picture." In 2004, US Stuckists Jesse Richards, Tony Juliano, Terry Marks, Jesse Todd Dockery, Brett Hamil and Z.F. Lively were included in the Stuckists' first show in a national museum, "The Stuckists Punk Victorian" in the Walker Art Gallery, England, during the 2004 Liverpool Biennial. In 2005, Richards curated "", the first Remodernism exhibition in the US to include work from all of the Remodernist groups, including the Stuckists, the Defastenists, Remodernist Film  and Photography, and Stuckism Photography. The show took place at the CBGB 313 gallery. In 2006, Richards was one of the artists in "The Triumph of Stuckism", a show at Liverpool John Moores University Hope Street Gallery, curated by Naive John at the invitation of Professor Colin Fallows, Chair of Research at Liverpool School of Art and Design, and part of the Liverpool Biennial. Richards left the Stuckist movement in 2006. Also in 2005, Tulsa Stuckist, Allen Herndon, also known as A. Sea Herndon, published online "The Manifesto of the American Stuckists", which said, "[W]e are not a political group ; we are painters ... Politics destroyed the spiritual aspects of Surrealism. The Los Angeles Stuckists group responded that this was a "strange definition" and that "the primary objectives of the Remodernist movement consists of uprooting postmodern thought and institutions. That is no small undertaking, and the process in large part has been, and will continue to be, an intensely political one." In 2009, a group of students, led by Nick Christos, from Florida Atlantic University, founded the Miami Stuckists group and staged an exhibition at Grace Cafe & Galleries in Dania Beach of paintings, described by "The Miami Herald" as "forceful, compelling , spiritual, hopeful and obvious". Christos exhibited a picture of a clown missing one ear as a portrait of Damien Hirst, whose "work implies no ideas and is boring", Christos said. He continued: "Stuckism is a renaissance of modernism—it's re-modernism. We paint what we see." Other members of the group are Andrew Ackerman, and Ilya Alekseyev. By November 2010, 40 Stuckist groups had been founded in the US. Some solo shows promoted as Stuckist include: US Stuckist groups. These are shown in order of foundation with date of founding and founder(s).