Fernand de Langle de Cary
Fernand Louis Armand Marie de Langle de Cary (4 July 1849 – 19 February 1927) was a French general during World War I. He commanded Fourth Army when the war began. Early life. Fernand Louis Armand Marie De Langle De Cary (1849-1927) was born at Lorient July 4 1849, entered the St. Cyr military school in 1867 and left at the head of his class in 1869, being commissioned to the Chasseurs d'Afrique. He participated in the Franco-Prussian War, during which he was wounded and given a medal for bravery. After the war he  received army staff training and served for a time as a professor at the French military academy. He was promoted to brigadier general in 1900 and given the command of a cavalry brigade in Algeria.In 1912, he was made a member of the Conseil Supérieur de la Guerre which carried with it the command of an army in war. World War I. Commands. At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, de Langle de Cary was placed in command of the Fourth Army. In concert with general Pierre Ruffey and his Third Army and general Charles Lanrezac  and his Fifth Army, he was ordered by Joffre to attack the approaching Germans advancing south through the heavily forested and ravined Ardennes. They were badly outnumbered by the Germans facing them attacking from above and were defeated with very heavy losses in the Battle of the Ardennes but managed to withdraw and form a line of defense strong enough to halt the German counter-offensive. Unlike generals Ruffey and Lanrezac, Langle de Cary was not relieved of his command. He continued at the head of Fourth Army (though its strength was greatly reduced for the benefit of Foch's  newly created Sixth Army) in the Marne and Aisne operations and in the trench warfare fighting of 1915. He commanded the French forces in the Second Battle of Champagne, another failed and costly French offensive ordered by Joffre. Verdun blame and forced retirement. Nevertheless he replaced Edouard de Curieres de Castelnau as commander of the Central Army Group in December, 1915, when Castelnau was promoted as Joffre's second-in-command. In this capacity, de Langel de Cary became responsible, among other duties, for overseeing the defensive readiness of Verdun. The German attack erupted onto Verdun in February, 1916, and  the fears that he had expressed earlier about conditions there proved to be only too well founded, thus the army command was radically reorganized by Joffre who wanted more aggressive commanders, and Langle, who had already reached the age limit for retirement, was replaced by Petain. He had only been in command two months. The official reason for his being removed was his age, 66. He was retired (removed from the officer Active List) the following year. He died on 19 February 1927