Dayr Tarif
Dayr Tarif was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine. It was ethnically cleansed during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 10, 1948. History. The Romans referred to Dayr Tarif as Bethariph. According to SWP; "South-west of the village are traces of ruins, cisterns, and 'rock-sunk' tombs, evidently Christian again, as connected with a monastery." Ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here. Ottoman era. Dayr Tarif, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and in the census of 1596, the village was located  in the "nahiya" (subdistrict) of al-Ramla under the Liwa of Gaza, with a population of 49 households, an estimated 270 persons, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, vineyards, fruit trees, sesame, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues; a total of 9,000 akçe. In 1838 "Deir Tureif" was among the villages Edward Robinson noted from the top of the White Mosque, Ramla. In 1870, Victor Guérin estimated that the village had 400 inhabitants. He further noted ancient columns by the mosque. An Ottoman village list from  about the same year found that the village had a population of 374, in a total of 93 houses, though the population count included men, only. In 1882 the PEF's "Survey of Western Palestine" (SWP) described the village as "A very small hamlet at the edge of the plain. This would seem to be the place called Betariph in the 'Onomasticon,' near Diospolis (Lod)." British Mandate era. In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Dayr Tarif had a population of 836; all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 1,246, still all Muslims, in  a total of 291 houses. An elementary school was founded in 1920 and by 1947, it had 171 students. In the 1945 statistics the population was 1,750, all Muslims, while the total land area was 8,756 dunams, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, a total of 1,410 dunams were used for citrus and bananas, 486 dunums were plantations or irrigated, 5,989 for cereals, while 51 dunams were classified as built-up public areas. 1948, aftermath. Dayr Tarif was ethnically cleansed during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 10, 1948, by the Ninth Commando Battalion of  the Armored Brigade of Operation Dani. The village, with a population of 2,030, was defended by the Jordanian Army, but Dayr Tarif was mostly destroyed with the exception of its school, which serves as a stable. After it was conquered, the Palestinian population was expelled. The IDF asked for permission to destroy this village and a cluster of over a dozen others, after the commander Zvi Ayalon noted that they lacked sufficient manpower to occupy the area. In 1992 the village site was described: "The site, covered with the debris of destroyed houses, is overgrown with thorns and other wild  plants. A number of old olive and cypress trees are scattered across the site. The school building serves as a stable. Cotton and citrus are cultivated by Israelis on the surrounding lands." In 2013 a Polish aid worker who has worked in infrastructural aid programs to create cisterns in the Hebron Hills for the Palestinian population, Kamil Qandil, is a descendant on his father's side of a family that suffered expulsion from this village. He has since been denied entry into Israel and the West Bank.