Mao Commentary
The Mao Commentary () is one of the four early traditions of commentary on the "Classic of Poetry". The "Mao Commentary" is attributed to either Mao Chang 萇 or Mao Heng 亨 (both pre 221 BCE; dates unclear). The "Yiwenzhi" of the "Book of Han" refers to the Mao Commentary under the title "Maoshi guxun zhuan" 毛詩故訓傳 as one of two works by Mao on the "Classic of Poetry". Zheng Xuan wrote a jian 箋 ("annotation") on the basis of the Mao commentary, a sub-commentary. This commentary was not officially recognized until the reign of Emperor Ping (1  BC to 6 AD). However, during the Eastern Han period, the Mao "Poetry" gradually became the primary version. Proponents of the Mao "Poetry" said that its text was descended from the first generation of Confucius' students, and as such should be the authoritative version. Xu Shen's influential dictionary "Shuowen Jiezi", written in the 2nd century AD, quotes almost exclusively from the Mao "Poetry". Finally, the renowned Eastern Han scholar Zheng Xuan used the Mao "Poetry" as the basis for his annotated edition of the "Poetry". By the 5th century, the Lu, Qi and Han traditions had died out, leaving  only the Mao "Poetry", which has become the received text in use today. Only isolated fragments of the Lu text survive, among the remains of the Xiping Stone Classics. Zheng Xuan's edition of the Mao text became the imperially authorized text and commentary on the "Poetry" in 653 AD. Duan Yucai's (1735–1815) in his "Maoshi guxun zhuan dingben" 毛詩故訓傳定本 (preface 1784), includes the Mao commentary, the Zheng sub-commentary, and other commentarial material by Lu Deming (556-627) and Kong Yingda (574-648). Duan's produced this edition because previous editions confused the main text, the commentary, and  the sub-commentary.