Robert Louden
Robert Louden (died 1867), also known by the alias Charlie Dale, was a Confederate saboteur and mail carrier during the American Civil War. He was said to be the primary messenger between General Sterling Price and Confederate regulars and bushwhackers. As a Confederate agent, Louden was involved in the sabotage and sinking of several Union steamboats near St. Louis, Missouri and, on his deathbed, claimed to have been responsible for the destruction of the steamboat "Sultana", which exploded on April 27, 1865 just north of Memphis, Tennessee, killing an estimated 1,300 to 1,900 paroled Union prisoners and civilians  returning home after the war, the deadliest maritime disaster in United States history. Louden supposedly confessed to a man named William Streetor to have planted a coal torpedo, an artillery shell disguised to look like an innocuous lump of coal, in a coal pile used to fire the steamboat's boilers. An article published May 7, 1888 in the "New York Times" refers to Louden's claim about the "Sultana" sinking: The claim is controversial. Most modern scholars support the official explanation that the disaster was purely accidental, pointing out that the explosion occurred in the top rear of the  boilers, relatively far from the fireboxes where a coal torpedo would have exploded, which suggests that Louden's story was fabricated. Louden died of yellow fever in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1867.