Sun Yat-sen University
Sun Yat-sen University (, abbreviated SYSU and colloquially known in Chinese as Zhongda), also known as Zhongshan University, is a national public research university located in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It was founded in 1924 by and named after Sun Yat-sen, a revolutionary and the founder of the Republic of China. Its main campus, commonly referred to as the South Campus, is located in Haizhu District, Guangzhou, inheriting the campus from the former Lingnan University (est. 1888). The university has five campuses in the three cities of Guangzhou, Zhuhai and Shenzhen, and ten affiliated hospitals. It  is a member of the nation's Double First Class University Plan, former Project 985, and Project 211 for leading research universities. Sun Yat-sen University ranks 89th globally, 12th in Asia and 7th in mainland China in the 2021 Academic Ranking of World Universities. It is ranked 159th globally, 21st in Asia and 8th in mainland China by the 2021 U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Rankings. Its programs in business, management, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine and pharmacy are among the best in the nation. SYSU is a highly selective university that only accepts top 1% students  performed in the National College Entrance Examination. Two of the university's business education institutions, Sun Yat-sen Business School (SYSBS) and Lingnan (University) College are accredited by EQUIS, AACSB, and AMBA. It is the only university with multiple business institution hold this triple accreditation. Lingnan (University) College keeps No.1 in Asia-Pacific for both Financial Times (FT) Business School Rankings and World University Rankings (QS) Business Masters Rankings. The university's assets include the world's second fastest supercomputer Tianhe-2, which is valued at 2.4 billion CNY (US$390 million). It also owns the largest hospital system in China . SYSU Zhuhai Campus owns the largest teaching building in Asia measured by acreage. History. In the beginning each the Sun Yat-sen Universities were adopted a statism educational model () and based on Sun Yat-sen's political philosophy, present-day Sun Yat-sen University is the result of multiple mergers as well as splits and restructurings that have involved more than a dozen academic institutions over time. The most recent merger happened in 2001, when Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Science merged with Sun Yat-sen University and became Sun Yat-sen College of Medical Science. Sun Yat-sen  University. In 1924, Sun Yat-sen founded National Kwangtung University () in Canton and inscribed in his own handwriting the school motto of "Study Extensively, Enquire Accurately, Reflect Carefully, Discriminate Clearly, Practise Earnestly." After the death of Sun Yat-sen, the Nationalist government that was set up during the first cooperation between the Communists and Nationalists formally decreed to change its name to National Sun Yat-sen University () on July 17, 1926, in memory of Sun Yat-sen. In 1926, there were four National Sun Yat-sen Universities: National First Sun Yat-sen University in Canton (the current Sun Yat-sen  University), National Second Sun Yat-sen University in Wuhan (the current Wuhan University), National Third Sun Yat-sen University in Hangzhou (the current Zhejiang University), National Fourth Sun Yat-sen University in Nanking (the predecessor of the current Nanjing University, Southeast University, and National Central University). The Nationalist government also planned to organize the National Fifth Sun Yat-sen University in Zhengzhou, but end up naming it as the Henan Provincial Sun Yat-sen University (the current Henan University). In the 1930s, there were seven schools in the University: the Schools of Arts, Sciences, Law, Engineering, Agricultural Studies, Medicine and  Education. In 1935, National Sun Yat-sen University, concurrently with National Tsinghua University and National Peking University, set up the first graduate schools in China and began to enroll graduate students. Soon after the Chinese Communist Party took over Canton in 1949, the University removed its prefix "National" and has been thereafter referred directly to Sun Yat-sen University (). In the 1950s, colleges, schools and departments were readjusted nationwide, and Sun Yat-sen University became a national top-tier comprehensive university with the liberal arts and sciences as its backbone disciplines. Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences. One of  the predecessors of the Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Science was the Pok Tsai Medical School, which, founded in 1866, was the earliest institution of learning of western medicine in China, where Sun Yat-sen once studied and engaged in revolutionary activities. The Pok Tsai Medical School evolved into the College of Medicine of Lingnan University in 1936. The Kung Yee Medical School and Hospital in Guangzhou (Canton) was founded in 1908. In 1925, the Kung Yee institutions were taken over by the government and became the Medical Department of the National First Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University. In  1953, the Colleges of Medicine in Sun Yat-sen University and Lingnan University merged to form the College of Medicine of South China, which was joined by the Guangdong Guanghua College of Medicine in 1954. The university was renamed Guangzhou College of Medicine and Sun Yat-sen College of Medical Science successively, and finally Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Science in 1985, which has developed steadfastly into a comprehensive medical university with multi-schools and multiple levels, has reached national advanced level and achieved remarkable successes in scientific research in medical genetics, ophthalmology, tumor study, parasite study, the kidney  disease of internal medicine, organ transplant, infectious liver disease, biological medical project and molecular medical science. In 2001, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Science merged with Sun Yat-sen University and became Sun Yat-sen College of Medical Science. Lingnan University. Lingnan University (Chinese: 嶺南大學) was a private university established by Andrew Happer, MD and a group of American missionaries in Guangzhou in 1888. At its founding it was named Canton Christian College (). The Hackett Medical College for Women (夏葛女子醫學院, the first medical college for women in China) and its affiliated hospital known as David Gregg Hospital for Women  and Children (), located in Guangzhou, China, were parts of a medical center that was founded by female medical missionary Mary H. Fulton (1854-1927). Fulton was sent by the Foreign Missions Board of the Presbyterian Church (USA), with the support of the Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church of Brooklyn, New York, of which David Gregg was pastor The college was dedicated in 1902 and offered a four-year medical curriculum. At the end of 1932, the medical center was registered and put under the control of the Chinese government. Furthermore, it affiliated with Guangzhou Hospital and Lingnan University to form the  Sun Yat-Sen Medical College in 1936. Lingnan University was incorporated into Sun Yat-sen University in 1953 under the order of the Communist Party's government. Members of the university moved to Hong Kong and founded the Lingnan School in Wan Chai in 1967, which was relocated to Tuen Mun in the mid-1990s and renamed Lingnan University in 1999. In 1988, Lingnan College was reestablished within Sun Yat-sen University and is now one of the top schools of economics and management in China. Rankings and reputation. Sun Yat-sen University is ranked as one of the top universities  in China by all the most influential and widely observed international university rankings, for example, #7 nationwide in Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2015, #6 nationwide in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2015, and #8 nationwide in U.S. News Global University Ranking 2015. The "Times Higher Education" 2011 placed Sun Yat-sen University 171st in the world and 5th in China, and the university is regarded as one of the most reputable Chinese universities by the "Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings" where it ranked 176th globally. As of 2022. out of all universities worldwide, the university is  ranked #89 by ARWU, #159 by U.S. News Global University Ranking, #130 by Center for World University Rankings, #260 by QS World University Rankings, and #251-300 by Times Higher Education. Academics. Schools and Departments (2018). The university's Schools & Departments are as follows: International institutes. The university also consists of various other international institutes such as: Business Education. Sun Yat-sen Business School (SYSBS). Sun Yat-sen Business School (SYSBS) is one of the only 3 business schools in mainland China and one of 58 business schools in the world being triple accredited by EQUIS, AACSB and AMBA. The  school has established collaborative academic exchanges and programs with over 80 international institutions, such as University of California, Los Angeles, University of Oxford, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Queen's University, IE Business School, City University of Hong Kong and so on. It has also built strategic partnerships with leading multinational companies, such as IBM, DHL, Coca-Cola, Allianz Group and so on, and with a myriad of local partners such as ICBC, Bank of China. Lingnan (University) College. Since 2015, Lingnan (University) college is also triple-accredited by AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA. The college is originated from Lingnan University  (), a renowned private university established by a group of American missionaries in 1888. Its programs include Lingnan-MIT International MBA program with MIT Sloan School of Management, the China Executive MBA program with Carlson School of Management of the University of Minnesota, the China-France MBA program with Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 and EMLYON Business School, and the International DBA program with EMLYON Business School. Lingnan-MIT IMBA. The Lingnan IMBA is the first English-taught MBA program in China, which is in cooperation with the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The IMBA  program adopts MIT Sloan's MBA curricula, textbooks, cases, and other teaching materials. During the first semester, Lingnan students have the opportunity to apply to MIT Sloan's MSMS program. Through this two-year, dual-degree program, students can earn an international MBA from Lingnan and a master's degree in management studies from MIT Sloan. Dual Degrees. Lingnan University's MBA Students have also have double degree options with ESCP Europe, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. Affiliated hospitals. The university has the largest affiliated hospital system in China, including Sun Yat-sen University First Hospital, Sun Yat-sen  Memorial Hospital (or Sun Yat-sen University Second Hospital), Sun Yat-sen University Third Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Fourth Hospital (has merged into the First Hospital), Sun Yat-sen University Fifth Hospital (or Zhuhai Hospital), Sun Yat-sen University Sixth Hospital (or Sun Yat-sen University Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital), Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University Stomatologic Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Ophthalmologic Center, Sun Yat-sen University Seventh Hospital (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University Eighth Hospital (Shenzhen). All eight general hospitals, the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Sun Yat-sen University Ophthalmology Center  are 3A class hospitals. The First Affiliated Hospital, SYSU. The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University was established in 1910, initially called the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Public Institution of Medicine. As a 3A hospital (the top level in China), the hospital is the largest and the most comprehensive one among all affiliated hospitals of SYSU, as well as one of the largest hospitals in the country. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, SYSU. Founded as Ophthalmic Hospital in Canton by American Peter Parker in 1835. It originally dealt with diseases of the eye, but later treated other ailments. It  later became the Canton Hospital. Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center is a level III (highest rank in China) and class A hospital. It was awarded as “key subject of China” in 2001. In 1980, SYSUCC was designated as World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for research on cancer. Since 2003, SYSUCC became a sister institution of the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. In 2004, SYSUCC has set up a joint laboratory with Karolinska Institutet of Sweden for research in immunotherapy, molecular virology and oncological epidemiology. Sun Yat-sen University Ophthalmologic Center . Sun Yat-sen University Ophthalmologic Center is the first and leading advanced ophthalmic center and the last resort for advanced eye care in China, integrating eye care, teaching, eye research and blindness prevention. It is also one of the 20 largest general ophthalmic centers in the world. In 2006, Sun Yat-sen University Ophthalmic Center was approved to be the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, the only one of its kind in China. Sun Yat-sen University Libraries. The university's system of libraries is one of the largest in China. By December 2012, it held more than 6 million  paper volumes, including periodicals. The Hilles Collection. In June 2005, Harvard College Library of Harvard University donated 158,000 volumes in Hilles Library to Sun Yat-sen University. Developed over a century, the collection is composed of titles in the humanities and social sciences, primarily in English, but also in Western foreign languages. Confucius Institutes. Sun Yat-sen University has established five Confucius Institutes since 2006: Research. Essential Science Indicators (ESI). According to statistics of the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database from January 2003 to February 2013, the total number of citations of papers in 15 disciplines of Sun Yat-sen  University entered global top 1%. Following Peking University, Sun Yat-sen University ranked 2nd in universities in China, tied with Fudan University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Zhejiang University. The 15 disciplines include Chemistry, Clinical Medicine, Physics, Biology and Biochemistry, Materials Science, Molecular Biology & Genetics, Engineering, Plant and Animal Science, Environment/Ecology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Neuroscience & Behavior, Mathematics, Microbiology, Agricultural Sciences, and Social Sciences, General. Nature Publishing Index (NPI). Nature Publishing Index shows both Research Articles (Articles, Letters & Brief Communications) and Reviews, published in Nature and/or Nature research journals. The rankings are based on the number of papers that were published  during the last 12 months. In time range of 01.07.2013-06.30.2014, Sun Yat-sen University is ranked #5 among Chinese Universities. Postdoctoral Research Stations. Sun Yat-sen University has 39 postdoctoral research stations. Journals. Sun Yat-sen University publishes altogether 25 scholarly journals, including Campuses. At present, the university covers a total area of , and has 5 campuses: Guangzhou South Campus (广州校区南校园) in Haizhu District, Guangzhou North Campus (广州校区北校园) in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou East Campus (广州校区东校园) in Panyu District, Zhuhai Campus (珠海校区), and Shenzhen Campus. Guangzhou South Campus. The south campus of Sun Yat-sen University is located in Haizhu  District, Guangzhou, and covers a total area of 1.17 square kilometers. It mainly hosts disciplines in sciences and humanities. Add: No. 135, Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China Guangzhou North Campus. The North Campus is located in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, and covers an area of 0.39 square kilometers. It is a campus mainly for disciplines in medical sciences. Add: No. 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510085, P. R. China Guangzhou East Campus. The East Campus is located at the north end of the Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center in Xiaoguwei, Panyu, and covers an area of 1.13 square  kilometers. The Guangzhou University City is a major development made by the People's Government of Guangdong Province in an effort to implement the strategy of building Guangdong through science and education. The first batch of students started school there in September 2004. Add: Xiaoguwei Island, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China Zhuhai Campus. The Zhuhai Campus is located at Tang Jia Wan, Zhuhai City, and covers an area of 3.48 square kilometers. Freshmen and sophomores of some disciplines in liberal arts, natural sciences, and medical sciences are currently living and studying on campus with students from the School  of Network Education and Continuing Education. Add: Tang Jia Wan, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China Shenzhen Campus. The Shenzhen Campus is located at Guangming New District in Shenzhen City, and covers an area of 3.217 square kilometers, it's under construction from 2016 and proposed to open at September 2018. Add: Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China