Administrative divisions of Mongolia during Qing
During the Qing rule, Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia were separately administered; other Mongol-inhabited regions were directly administered by the Qing dynasty. The estate of Jebtsundamba Khutugtu, the Great (from Mongolian , disciple) in 1723, became independent from the four in the sense that its subjects were exempt from most taxes and corvees. The did not—except the three Darkhad in Khövsgöl—control territory. Rather, its subjects mostly lived among the general population. Similar existed for other high lamas. Direct control. The direct-controlled Mongols () were banners () controlled by provinces, generals and ambasa. The  following regions were directly controlled by the Manchu: Inner Mongolia. Inner Mongolia's original 24 () were replaced by 49 banners (s) that would later be organized into six leagues (, assemblies). The eight Chakhar banners and the two Tümed banners around Guihua were directly administered by the Manchu. Outer Mongolia ("Khalkha"). The Khalkha were preserved—with the notable exception of the establishment of Sain Noyan in 1725. Each had a , usually named after the place (mountains or rivers) where it convened. The were divided into banners - whose number increased from originally eight eventually to 86—and further into . A consisted of  150 men fit for military service, a of 50. A military governor was installed in Uliastai, and two civil governors () in Khüree and in Kobdo. Other Mongolian Banners. Kobdo. Thirty : Xinjiang. 13 banners (in modern-day Xinjiang)