Anna Vock
Anna Vock (January 13, 1885 to December 4, 1962) was a journalist, organizer and LGBT activist during the interwar period in Switzerland. Although lesbianism was not criminalized as was male homosexuality in Switzerland during her activist period, Vock faced public recrimination for her work in publishing, was monitored by police, and arrested. Amaticia. Anna (nickname, "Mammina") Vock was born January 13, 1885, in Anglikon, Aargau. Little is known about her early life or educational background. In 1931, together with Laura Thoma Vock formed the group Amiticia, taking the position of secretary. The aim of the organization was to  relieve the isolation of lesbians and through strong associations promote acceptance and visibility. The original ad in lesbian magazine "Garconne" proclaimed: "Sisters of Lesbos, you too have a full right to love and its freedom." In October of the same year, Volk joined the gay organization, Excentric Zurich Club (EZC) and made it an integrated organization, in which Volk herself became president in 1933. Freuntshafts-Banner / Der Kreis. In 1932, Thoma and EZC member August Bambula founded the magazine Freundschafts-Banner, which changed its name several times, to eventually become Der Kreis (The circle, 1942-1967), the primary homosexual publication  in Europe. Vock was involved at the beginning, focusing on the women's section and personal ads, but became more and more involved, eventually becoming the editor and publisher of the magazine from 1933-1942. During her time as editor, Volk was targeted by multiple sources for her work on the paper. The tabloid magazines "Sheinwerfer" and "Guggu" published her real name and addresses after she had started working under the pen name "Mammina" resulting in the loss of several jobs. She was charged with "acting as a pander" for her work in the personal ads, but later acquitted on  appeal, and arrested on suspicion of communist activity, but released. Karl Meir, who succeeded Volk as editor of Das Kreis in 1943 published his obituary in the magazine. "Farewell, Mammina. Your name will remain forever united to our cause in Switzerland. You prepared the ground on which we must build. Hopefully we will succeed."