Quotative
A quotative (abbreviated ) is a grammatical device to mark quoted speech in some languages, and as such it preserves the grammatical person and tense of the original utterance rather than adjusting it as would be the case with reported speech. It can be equated with "spoken quotation marks". Dutch. In Dutch, the preposition "van" can be used to introduce direct speech: Quotative "van" can be used in combination with a verb of speech, as in the above example, a noun designating something with message-carrying content, or a light verb, e.g. a copula (like for English quotative "like"). In  the specific colloquial combination "zoiets hebben van" (literally, "have something suchlike of"), the subsequent quoted speech conveys a (possibly unspoken) feeling: English. In English colloquial speech, forms of the verb "be like" are used as a quotative: In speech, the word "like" in this use is typically followed by a brief pause, indicated here with a comma. This quotative construction is particularly common for introducing direct speech indicating someone's attitude. Georgian. Georgian marks quoted speech with one of two suffixes depending on the grammatical person of who made the original utterance, -მეთქი for the first person and -ო for  the second and third person. The following sentences show the use of the first person and non-first person quotative particles respectively. Note the preservation of both the person and tense of the original utterances: Second and third person quotative. Note that this second sentence omits an overt verbum dicendi since the original speaker is already known, and context makes it clear that the speaker was the original addressee. Ancient Greek. Ancient Greek can mark quoted speech in prose with the subordinating conjunction ὅτι: Japanese. In Japanese, the quotative と [to] is used to indicate direct speech in this sentence : The following example shows the preservation of both grammatical person and the tense in a quoted utterance using the quotative particle: See Japanese grammar for more examples of when と (to) is used. Korean. In Korean, the marker "rago" follows the quoted sentence clause, marking direct quotation as follows: The verb "malhada", "to say", is often shortened to "hada", meaning "to do". This is because the quotative marker alone makes it obvious the quote was said by someone, so saying the whole verb is redundant. Indirect quotation works similarly, albeit using different markers. When quoting a plain sentence, the marker  n/neundago ( "ndago" after vowels, "neundago" after consonants) is attached to the quoted verb. When quoting adjectives, "dago" is used: When quoting the copula "ida", the marker "rago" is used instead: Question sentences are marked with the quotative marker "nyago", which changes to "neunyago" after verbs ending in a consonant and to "eunyago" after adjectives ending in a consonant. Sanskrit. In Sanskrit, the quotative marker "iti" is used to convey the meaning of someone (or something) having said something. Sinhala. In the following English sentence, no word indicates the quoted speech. "John said, "Wow,"" That is indicated only typographically. In  Sinhala, on the other hand, here is the equivalent sentence: "John Wow kiyalaa kivvaa" It has an overt indication of quoted speech after the quoted string "Wow", the quotative "kiyalaa". Telugu. In Telugu, traditionally the words andi (for female and neuter singular), meaning "she said that" or "it said", annāḍu (for male singular), meaning "he said that" and annāru (for plural), meaning "They said" are used as quotative markers. However, in recent times, many Telugu speakers are resorting to use the Latin quotation marks ("...") to convey speech. For Example, means, "He said that we will go to home", literally, "He  Said, "We'll go home"". Turkish. In Turkish, direct speech is marked by following it by a form of the verb "demek" ("to say"), as in In particular, the word "diye" (literally "saying"), a participle of "demek", is used to mark quoted speech when another verb of utterance than "demek" is needed: In contrast, indirect speech uses the opposite order. The reported utterance is preceded by the verb of utterance and introduced by the conjunctive particle "ki", comparable to English "that":