Super Mario 3D Land
"Super Mario 3D Land" is unique from other games in the "Mario" series, as it combines elements from both traditional 2D "Mario" side-scrolling games and modern free-roaming 3D "Mario" games. It also introduces new additional gameplay mechanics and power-ups. The main story is similar to previous "Super Mario" titles, centering on Mario's efforts to rescue Princess Peach, who has been kidnapped by Bowser. The game was released to critical acclaim, with gaming critics praising the amount of creativity and technical design presented within the game, though the utilization of 3D in the  gameplay was met with a more mixed reception. The game was a commercial success, and has sold 12.84 million copies worldwide as of September 30, 2021, making it the seventh best-selling game for the 3DS. It was also the first 3DS game to sell over five million copies. Nintendo re-released the game as a downloadable title via Nintendo eShop in 2012. A sequel, titled "Super Mario 3D World", was released for the Wii U in November 2013. Gameplay. "Super Mario 3D Land" is a platform game that has been described by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto as a "3D  Mario that plays as a 2D Mario game". As such, "Super Mario 3D Land" combines the elements of traditional side-scrolling video game titles, such as linear-based levels, with those of the modern open world titles, such as moving Mario in three dimensions and performing a variety of actions. Similar to the older side-scrolling "Mario" games, the health system revolves around Mario shrinking upon taking damage from enemies or hazards, there is a dedicated "Dash" button as opposed to using analog input to determine travel speed, and damage as "Small Mario" results in losing a life. Mario has  also learned two new moves: a barrel roll and a roll jump, the former of which can be used to break blocks in a similar manner to jumping at blocks from below or ground pounding, and the latter allowing Mario to cover much horizontal ground in one jump. "Super Mario 3D Land" utilizes a similar level objective to the aforementioned side-scrolling games, in which the point of each level is to reach and grab the "Goal Pole" at the end of the level, within the time limit. The game offers a number of traditional "Mario" items, such as the  Super Mushroom, Fire Flower and Starman, along with new power-ups that bestow special suits onto Mario and grant him new abilities. Returning from "Super Mario Bros. 3" is the Super Leaf power-up, which gives Mario the Tanooki suit, allowing him to float in the air and attack with his tail, with a later variant also allowing him to transform into a statue upon performing a ground pound. The player is able to reserve an extra power-up, which can be retrieved by tapping the item visible on the touchscreen. Other items include the Boomerang Flower, which allows Mario  to throw boomerangs that can collect out-of-reach items and attack enemies; the Propeller Box, which allows Mario to reach high places; and the rare Prize Box, which gives Mario extra Coins while walking around in it. The Invincibility Leaf, which appears after the player dies five times in a level, gives Mario invincibility and Tanooki Suit abilities; while the P-Wing, which appears after the player dies ten times in a level, sends the player right to the end of the level, near the Goal Pole. (The invincibility leaf and the P-wing are only available in regular  worlds). Each course contains three hidden Star Medals that are required to unlock certain levels. The map screen also contains Toad Houses where players can visit Toad and receive additional items, and Mystery Boxes where more Star Medals can be earned. After clearing the game once, a set of "Special" levels are unlocked, some of which contain additional challenges, such as a 30-second time limit. Clearing the S1 castle unlocks Luigi as a playable character, who has slightly different handling to Mario. "Super Mario 3D Land" utilizes the Nintendo 3DS's autostereoscopic technology, allowing players to perceive depth when  viewing the game screen. While the game is designed to not require the 3D effect, some obstacles or points of interest are deliberately more noticeable or easier when the 3D is switched on. "Super Mario 3D Land" also utilizes optional use of the 3DS gyroscope, which can be used to control cannons and binoculars. The game also features StreetPass functionality, allowing players to exchange Mystery Boxes containing bonus items. StreetPass also gives players another Toad house so they can get items. Plot. During a storm, a tail-like branched tree called the "Tail Tree", which stands on Princess Peach's  castle grounds, is stripped of all its leaves. The leaves, which turn out to be Super Leaves, were in reality taken by Bowser who is using them to bestow Squirrel Tails on his minions granting them new abilities such as limited flight. Unaware of this situation at first, when Mario and the Toads go to inspect the tree the next day they discover a letter from Bowser, learning that he has kidnapped the princess. Mario sets off in pursuit to locate and rescue the princess, learning in the process of Bowser's intentions for using the aforementioned stolen Super Leaves . After rescuing her, the Toads and Mario return to the Mushroom Kingdom with Tanooki Suits while Mario carries the princess. Mario's actions lead to the restoration of the Tail Tree. However, a photo falls to the ground revealing Luigi behind bars with a Koopa Troopa and Peepa, beginning Mario's quest into the Special World 1. After rescuing Luigi, Mario and Luigi go on his quest in completing the other 7 Special worlds. After Luigi and Mario complete the Special 8 Castle level, a new letter falls to the ground far away in an open plain. The three Toads  who helped Mario earlier on investigating the letter and discover that Bowser has kidnapped Peach once again. After Peach is rescued once again by Luigi and Mario, another photo is found with Peach in a Tanooki Suit. Development. "Super Mario 3D Land" was developed by Nintendo EAD Tokyo, which had previously developed "Super Mario Galaxy" and "Super Mario Galaxy 2", with assistance from Brownie Brown, another subsidiary of Nintendo. "Super Mario Galaxy 2" game director Koichi Hayashida directed the game, and the game music was composed by Takeshi Hama, Mahito Yokota and Asuka Hayazaki (formally known as Asuka Ohta). "Super  Mario 3D Land" took two years to develop, starting from a development team of two people and ending with a team of 30. The game was first announced by Shigeru Miyamoto in November 2010, stating that both the 3D "Mario" game as well as a 2D "Mario" title were in the works for the Nintendo 3DS. Miyamoto described the 3D game as "completely original" and a cross between "Super Mario Galaxy" and "Super Mario 64." "Super Mario 3D Land" was designed to bridge the gap between 2D "Mario" games and 3D "Mario" games, and influenced by Miyamoto's philosophy of  keeping the games fun in nature and making sure the player had the utmost opportunity to enjoy the experience of the game. A main concern during development was making a game that would appeal to fans of the 2D "Super Mario" games as well as the 3D games; levels were designed so that the player would not get lost, moving Mario in one general direction towards each level's goal. One of the inspirations behind the creation of the game was technological advances that made it possible to implement certain elements that could not be done in previous "Mario" games . Satoru Iwata explained that "since 1996, when Mario appeared in 3D in "Super Mario 64", it's always been hard for players to judge how to jump and hit a block floating in a 3D space," musing that the Nintendo 3DS autostereoscopy allowed for this issue to be fixed. The development team, which only had experience developing on consoles rather than handhelds, first tried playing "Super Mario Galaxy 2" on a small television monitor. When it was found that Mario was too small to see and thus difficult to control, "3D Land"s camera system and level terrain needed to be  designed for viewing on the small Nintendo 3DS screen, making it easier for players to keep track of Mario. Certain aspects of gameplay were inspired by Nintendo's "The Legend of Zelda" franchise, including the way that the camera functioned during certain moments. Ideas that were ultimately not incorporated into "3D Land" included a pro skater suit for Mario, the ability to change Mario's size to the extreme, and a feature that replaces Princess Peach's face with a photographed face. The game's title was chosen as an homage to the "Super Mario Land" games released on the  Game Boy. "Super Mario 3D Land" development was heavily affected by the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami that occurred on March 11, 2011. The disaster caused public transportation to shut down, preventing Nintendo staff from being able to commute to work, and the Tokyo office remained closed for about a week. Hayashida was inspired by the disaster to encourage his team to communicate more, setting up the office such that staff members could easily see and discuss each other's work. The team also started holding group meetings to play-test "3D Land"s levels. Hayashida later mentioned that the team expressed  hope that the game would inspire joy in spite of the tragedy. Satoru Iwata revealed the game at the 2011 Game Developer's Conference and pointed out that the game's tentative logo sported a tail, stating that its purpose would be revealed at E3 2011. Miyamoto later stated that "it's what you think it is", alluding to the Tanooki Suit, a power-up originally from "Super Mario Bros. 3". While no exact release date was announced, Miyamoto stated that he hoped to release the game during 2011. The game was showcased at Nintendo's press conference at E3  2011, where a 2011 release date was confirmed, along with the appearance of the Tanooki Suit. While the power-up allows Mario to float down gently, unlike "Super Mario Bros. 3" he cannot fly. "Super Mario 3D Land" was first released in Japan on November 3, 2011. It was then released in North America on November 13, Europe on November 18, and in Australia on November 24. Reception. "Super Mario 3D Land" received critical acclaim. It received an aggregated score of 90.09% on GameRankings and 90/100 on Metacritic. The game sold over 343,000 copies in its first week in  Japan, helping to move over 145,000 Nintendo 3DS units. "Famitsu" awarded "Super Mario 3D Land" a score of 38/40, praising level design, accessibility for beginners and the use of 3D. IGN gave the game a score of 9.5 and an Editor's Choice award, calling it "brilliant and addictive" and stating that "3D gaming has never been fully realized before this". GamesRadar gave the game a score of 9/10, praising its wealth of content, although criticising the inclusion of a run button and some easy difficulty. "Game Informer" gave "3D Land" a 9.5/10, saying "it lives up to the level  of quality set by previous entries and is easily the best reason to own a 3DS". They also complimented the use of both a run button and the 3D effects while criticising the "lack of variety in boss battles". 1UP.com's Jeremy Parish gave the game a less favorable review, noting that certain aspects of the game were too easy in nature, musing a "moderately skilled player is never in danger of running out of lives in "Super Mario 3D Land"". He however noted that the game was creative in its presentation, and offered "clever new twists on the familiar  to the knuckle-biting intensity of the final stages." Justin Haywald of "GamePro" gave the game a perfect score, writing that Nintendo successfully captured the nostalgic aesthetic of the series, while still maintaining technical innovation. He reported, "for every familiar bit of music or a level background that reminds you of "Mario" games past, you have new abilities to use and deviously designed platforming sections that feel completely unique", while stating that the inclusion of 3D was mostly a gimmick. GameSpot stated that the game lacked some of the more creative aspects of the best of the series, stating that  the 3D was mostly optional, though praised the gameplay as entertaining and fast-paced. X-Play's Russ Frushtick felt that "Super Mario 3D Land" was the best game yet released for the 3DS, praising the content as surprisingly vast in nature and claiming that the game was twice as long as initially gauged. The game won the "Best Handheld Game" award in the 2011 Spike Video Game Awards. "Super Mario 3D Land" was awarded the "Best Platform Game Award", and Nintendo 3DS Game of the Year 2011 by GameTrailers. "Super Mario 3D Land" sold 3.09 million units in the  U.S. as of August 2014. In Japan, the game has sold over 1.66 million units as of August 1, 2012. The game was released to commercial success and has sold 12.84 million copies worldwide as of September 30, 2021. "Super Mario 3D Land"s release prompted criticism from animal-rights organization PETA, who created a browser game titled "Mario Kills Tanooki" alleging that the "Tanooki suit" powerup promoted the live skinning of animals for fur. PETA received negative attention for the game, which led to a response claiming it was a "tongue-in-cheek, a fun way to call attention to  a serious issue".