Simple Gifts
"Simple Gifts" is a Shaker song written and composed in 1848, generally attributed to Elder Joseph Brackett from Alfred Shaker Village. Background and composition. The tune was written in 1848. There are two conflicting narratives of Shaker origin as to the composer of the song. One account attributes the song to a "Negro spirit" heard at Canterbury, New Hampshire, which would make the song a "gift song" received by a Shaker from the spirit world. Alternatively, and more widely accepted, the song's composer is said to be Joseph Brackett (1797–1882) of Alfred, Maine. A lifelong resident of  the state, he first joined the Shakers at Gorham when his father's farm helped to form the nucleus of a new Shaker settlement. Resurgence and enduring popularity. The song was largely unknown outside Shaker communities until Aaron Copland used its melody for the score of Martha Graham's ballet, "Appalachian Spring", first performed in 1944. (Shakers once worshipped on Holy Mount, in the Massachusetts portion of the Appalachians). Copland used "Simple Gifts" a second time in 1950 in his first set of "Old American Songs" for voice and piano, which was later orchestrated. Lyrics. Copland used Brackett's original  verse for the lyrics to his one-verse song: <poem;> 'Tis the gift to be simple, ’tis the gift to be free 'Tis the gift to come down where we ought to be, And when we find ourselves in the place just right, 'Twill be in the valley of love and delight. When true simplicity is gained, To bow and to bend we shan’t be ashamed, To turn, turn will be our delight, Till by turning, turning we come ’round right. </poem> Several Shaker manuscripts indicate that this is a “dancing song” or a “quick  dance”. "Turning" is a common theme in Christian theology, but the references to "turning" in the last two lines have also been identified as dance instructions. When the traditional dance is performed properly, each dancer ends up where they started, "come 'round right". Tune. A manuscript of Mary Hazzard of the New Lebanon, New York, Shaker community records this original version of the melody: The song resembles, to a slight extent, several repetitions of the opening measures of William Byrd's renaissance composition, "The Barley Break", which Byrd intended to imitate country children playing a folk game. Similarly, Brackett is  claimed to have come up with the song as an imitation of what folk music sounds like. A somewhat similar musical theme arises also in a brass ensemble work, "Canzon per sonare no. 2", by Giovanni Gabrieli (c.1555-1612). Many people have mistakenly believed that the tune of "Simple Gifts" was a traditional Celtic one, but both the music and original lyrics are actually the compositions of Brackett. "Simple Gifts" has been adapted or arranged many times since by folksingers and composers. Section::::"Lord of the Dance". A well known version is by English songwriter Sydney Carter, who adapted the Shaker  tune for his song, "Lord of the Dance", first published in 1963. The Carter lyrics were adapted, in ignorance of the actual origins, without authorization or acknowledgments by Ronan Hardiman for Michael Flatley's dance musical, "Lord of the Dance", which opened in 1996. The melody is used at various points throughout the show, including the piece entitled, "Lord of the Dance." Other adaptations of the lyrics by Carter have occurred in the widespread belief that they are traditional, and in the public domain. Additional verses. Two additional, later non-Shaker verses exist for the song, as follows: <poem ;> 'Tis the gift to be loved and that love to return, 'Tis the gift to be taught and a richer gift to learn, And when we expect of others what we try to live each day, Then we'll all live together and we'll all learn to say, 'Tis the gift to have friends and a true friend to be, 'Tis the gift to think of others not to only think of "me", And when we hear what others really think and really feel, Then we'll all live together with a love that is real. Tis the  gift to be loving, tis the best gift of all Like a quiet rain it blesses where it falls And with it we will truly believe Tis better to give than it is to receive </poem> And an additional alternative: <poem;> The Earth is our mother and the fullness thereof, Her streets, her slums, as well as stars above. Salvation is here where we laugh, where we cry, Where we seek and love, where we live and die. When true liberty is found, By fear and by hate we will no more be bound. In love  and in light we will find our new birth And in peace and freedom, redeem the Earth. </poem> Another alternate verse: <poem;> 'tis a gift to be simple, 'tis a gift to be fair 'tis a gift to wake and breathe the morning air and each day we walk on the path that we choose 'tis a gift we pray we never shall lose </poem> A Version Broadcast During Music and the Spoken Word: <poem;> 'Tis the gift to be simple 'Tis the gift to be free 'Tis the gift to come  down where we ought to be And when we find ourselves in the place just right 'Twill be in the valley of love and delight Chorus: When true simplicity is gained To bow and to bend, we shan't be ashamed To turn, turn, will be our delight 'Til by turning, turning, we come round right 'Tis a gift to be simple 'Tis a gift to be true 'Tis a gift to labor 'til the day is through And when we find ourselves in the place so fine 'Twill be in the cool of the birch and the pine 'Tis  a gift to be joyful 'Tis a gift to be free 'Tis a gift, 'tis a gift, 'tis a simple gift to be And when you find yourself in the pure delight The gift to be simple has led you alright In the place just right In the place just right 'Til by turning, turning, we come round right </poem>