Yasothon province
Yasothon province (, ), one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces ("changwat"), lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. The province was established by the revolutionary council of Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn, after its which came into force on 3 March 1972. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Mukdahan, Amnat Charoen, Ubon Ratchathani, Sisaket, and Roi Et. Geography. The northern half of the province consists of plains with low hills; the southern part consists of the river lowlands of the River Chi, with ponds and swamps. Yasothon's total forested area is or 8.7% of the province. Geology. Yasothon  soils (rhodic ferralsols) formed in the Triassic before the uplift of the Khorat Plateau, are relict soils made fertile by field termites through bioturbation. History. The province was created on 1 March 1972, when it was split off from Ubon Ratchathani. In the past, Yasothon was a fertile land on the banks of the Chi River. Yasothon has a long history associated with Nong Bua Lum Phu Nakhon, Khuean Khan Kab Kaew Bua Ban and related to Ubon City. Around 1771, Phra Chao Ta Chao Phrawo, the old stewards of Vientiane have evacuated their families and dependents to settled and  using the name of the new city as "Nong Bua Lum Phu City". Rattanakosin period. In 1814, King Rama II ordered to raised Ban Singh Tha as a city and gave it the name "Muang Yot Sunthon" and later changed its name to "Yasothon". During the reign of King Rama III, in the Lao rebellion (1826–1828), Yasothon was enlisted to participate in the victorious battle. During the reign of King Rama V in 1874, in the Haw wars, Yasothon was enlisted to join forces. Later in 1883, Haw has raised forces to be located at Thung Chiang Kham, Yasothon was  enlisted to take the strength of elephants, horses, cows as a vehicle to carry supplies to feed the army. During the Franco-Siamese War in 1893, French has raised forces to attacked Sombok city, Yasothon was conscripted to help defend the border by bringing troops to join the army from Bangkok. In 1900 has dissolved the northeastern province, Yasothon has merged with the city of Ubon Ratchathani. It is divided into 2 districts, namely "Uthai Yasothon District" and "Prachim Yasothon District". In 1913, has changed the name of "Uthai Yasothon District" to "Kham Khuean Kaeo District" and changed the name  of "Prachim Yasothon District" to "Yasothon District". Yasothon therefore downgraded from a city to a district since then. Many years later in 1972, Yasothon was separated from Ubon Ratchathani until present day. Symbols. The seal of the province shows two mythical lions, called singh, facing the chedi Prathat Anon, in the temple Wat Maha That in the city of Yasothon. In the legendary account of the founding of the city, a lion came out of the forest when the site was chosen; hence the city was called "Ban Singh Tha" (), Home (of) Imposing Lion. At the bottom of the seal  is a lotus flower ("Nymphaea lotus"), as the lotus is both the provincial flower of the province and of Ubon Ratchathani province, of which Yasothon was part until 1972. The provincial tree is "Anisoptera costata". Administrative divisions. Provincial government. The province is divided into nine districts ("amphoe"). The districts are further subdivided into 78 subdistricts ("tambon") and 885 villages ("muban"). Local government. As of 26 November 2019 there are: one Yasothon Provincial Administration Organisation ("") and 24 municipal ("thesaban") areas in the province. Yasothon has town ("thesaban mueang") status. Further 23 subdistrict municipalities ("thesaban tambon"). The non-municipal areas are administered  by 63 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO ("ongkan borihan suan tambon"). Transport. Yasothon city is about from Bangkok at the intersection of Routes 23 and 202, and the south end of Route 2169. Several bus lines connect the province at frequent intervals to Bangkok's Northern Bus Terminal (, ), as well as all bus terminals in the north and northeast. Ubon Ratchathani province is 100 kilometres east on Route 23. Human achievement index 2017. Since 2003, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at the provincial level using the Human Achievement Index (HAI), a composite  index covering eight key areas of human development. The National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.