Nausicaá Centre National de la Mer
Nausicaá Centre National de la Mer () is a public aquarium located in Boulogne-sur-Mer in northern France. It is the largest public aquarium of Europe. Nausicaa is described as a centre of scientific and technical discovery of the marine environment, focusing primarily on the relationship between man and the sea. History. The idea for the aquarium started when Guy Lengagne, then mayor of Boulogne-sur-Mer, wanted to repurpose an old casino. In 1982, oceanographers Philippe Vallette, Stéphane Henard, and Christophe Liacopoulos were tasked with a preliminary study, and eventually with implementing the  project. In 1984 a non-profit association was created for the aquarium, and Jacques Rougerie was selected as architect for the facility. In 1986 France selected the project as one of its major urban development projects and it was renamed the National Sea Centre. The European Union contributed half of the FF140 million required to finance the project, and bids to build the project were solicited. Construction started in 1987 and was finished by early 1991 when the National Sea Centre Development Company was created. The centre was renamed again to Nausicaa (a Homeric princess from Greek mythology), and was  opened on 18 May 1991. The first jellyfish arrived at the aquarium in 1994, and the first temporary exhibition, “The Sea and the Child,” was opened in 1995. The entrance hall is embellished by the large scale painting "Corrida" (The Matador) by Pascal Lecocq. A major expansion of the facility in 1998 doubled the exhibition area to in order to add about 10,000 animals, including California sea lions, and a Tropical Lagoon Village with sharks and coral reefs. In 1999, Nausicaa was designated a Centre of Excellence by the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission for its outreach programmes. In 2002 it  obtained the "Tourism & Disability" label, and the World Ocean Network was created. 2003 saw the arrival of the first spectacled caimans in the Submerged Tropical Forest. This space was incorporated into the “World House” in early 2005, which aims to make people think about their consumer habits. In 2006 another expansion added space for a permanent exhibition called “Steer South.” The aquarium welcomed its first African penguins, though its first penguin hatching was not until 2010. In 2007, Nausicaa welcomed its ten millionth visitor. In 2008, it opened a new interactive multimedia exhibit called “Planet Nausicaa,” as well as exhibitions  that focus on Madagascar and the Mozambique Canal. In 2018, the largest expansion for Nausicaa in its history happened with a large new gallery named "The High Seas". This new gallery includes a huge tank for pelagic fish. In full, the new expansion increases the size of the aquarium from to in size. Meanwhile, the original exhibits have been grouped into a gallery known as "Mankind and Shores". Exhibits. Until the 2018 expansion, the exhibit area was about , and included the following main exhibits: With "The High Sea" expansion that opened in 2018, the exhibit area tripled in size. "The  High Sea" is centered on the huge tank for large pelagic fish such as manta rays, oceanic sunfish and scalloped hammerheads. The pelagic tank measures about , has an long shark tunnel and a viewing window. Animal medicine. In October 2008, Nausicaa worked with a veterinary surgeon who specialises in sharks for the first successful surgery on a grey nurse shark. On 14 November 2008, Nausicaa was awarded first prize for medical training in the care of sea lions at the IMATA (International Marine Animal Trainers Association) annual conference, which took place in Cancun, Mexico. Conservation. The aquarium is part of  the European “Mr Goodfish” campaign (launched in France in 2010) in association with the Acquario di Genova in Italy and the Aquarium Finisterrae in Spain, under the aegis of the World Ocean Network. This project tries to encourage people to take an active part in preserving marine resources. Several books have been published by the aquarium, including “Secrets des abysses” by Christine Causse and Philippe Vallette published by Fleurus, and “Madagascar, L’ile Océan” by Christine Causse and Philippe Vallette, photographs by Alexis Rosenfeld, published by Autrement.