Howard 500
The Howard 500 is an American executive transport aircraft produced by Howard Aero Inc during the early 1960s. Design and development. During the 1950s and '60s, Howard Aero Inc. had been remanufacturing military surplus Lockheed Lodestars and Lockheed Venturas for the executive market. While the Howard 500 bore a strong resemblance to these aircraft, it was a substantially new design, and all 500s had completely new fuselages. The only major components taken directly from its Lockheed forebears were the outer wing panels (from surplus Venturas) and undercarriage (from PV-2 Harpoons). Howard purchased wing and fuselage jigs from Lockheed  to use as patterns for jigs for the new aircraft. The fuselage differed from the Ventura's in being designed from the outset for pressurisation, and the wings were designed wet. The pressurisation system maintained a differential of which was greater than any other prop or turboprop executive aircraft on the market at the time and maintained a sea level cabin pressure at up to . The engine chosen was a new, higher-power and lighter-weight version of the Pratt & Whitney R-2800 that had been developed for the Douglas DC-6. Propeller hubs were taken from F4U Corsairs, four-blade propellers  and spinners from DC-7s. The Howard 500 could accommodate 10 to 14 passengers with a large window for each. Increased fuel tankage over the PV-2 Ventura gave a maximum range with full reserves of . Maximum cruising speed was at . This exceptional performance for a piston engined executive aircraft unfortunately came just as the competing turboprop designs were coming to the market, and this restricted sales of the type. The prototype flew in September 1959, and certification was achieved on February 20, 1963. By this time, however, the executive market was already dominated by turboprop aircraft, and although its performance was  comparable to (or even better than) these new machines, and its price substantially lower, the Howard 500 could not effectively penetrate the market. Twenty-two Howard 500s were produced initially, with a further eight being converted from earlier PV-2s to virtually the same standard. Operators. Commercial firms operating the aircraft included: Republic Steel, Green Construction of Indiana, KF Airlines, Pacific Petroleum of Canada, Northern Natural Gas Company and U.S. Metal Refining Company. Surviving aircraft. Of the 17 examples built to full Howard 500 standard, two restored aircraft remain flying. The first example is in the United States (construction number 500 -105, registration "N500HP") which was initially operated by the Natural Gas Pipeline Company of America, and later by the Phillippi Equipment Company. As of 2015 it is based at Anoka County Airport near Minneapolis in Minnesota, and was awarded Grand Champion at EAA AirVenture Oshkosh in 1997. The second, N500LN was restored in the UK and left Exeter (EGTE) on 18 May 2010 at 14:42 UTC. The aircraft departed to Coventry airport. The aircraft's last flight prior to this was on 14 August 2000, since then it had been in storage / restoration at Exeter until its departure to Coventry . N500LN was originally registered N539N built in 1962, construction number 500-113. This aircraft was purchased by the tpaero group in October 2009. During 2011 and 2012 it was based in Austria. In July 2013 it performed demonstration flights at the EAA convention at Oshkosh Wisconsin. It is based at the Anoka County Airport in the US state of Minnesota.