Dinah Shore
Dinah Shore (born Frances Rose Shore; February 29, 1916 – February 24, 1994) was an American singer, actress, and television personality, and the top-charting female vocalist of the 1940s. She rose to prominence as a recording artist during the Big Band era. She achieved even greater success a decade later, in television, mainly as the host of a series of variety programs for the Chevrolet automobile company. After failing singing auditions for the bands of Benny Goodman, and both Jimmy and Tommy Dorsey, Shore struck out on her own. She became the first singer of her era to  achieve huge solo success. She had a string of 80 charted popular hits, spanning 1940–1957, and after appearing in a handful of feature films, she went on to a four-decade career in American television. She starred in her own music and variety shows from 1951 through 1963 and hosted two talk shows in the 1970s. "TV Guide" ranked her at number 16 on their list of the top 50 television stars of all time. Stylistically, Shore was compared to two singers who followed her in the mid-to-late 1940s and early 1950s, Jo Stafford and Patti Page. Early  life. Frances "Fanny" Rose Shore was born on February 29, 1916 in Winchester, Tennessee, to Russian-Jewish immigrant shopkeepers, Anna (née Stein) and Solomon Shore, in Winchester, Tennessee. She had an elder sister, eight years her senior, Elizabeth, known as "Bessie". When Fanny was eighteen months old, she was stricken with polio (infantile paralysis). The only known treatment was bed rest and sometimes more extreme care if the child was severely compromised. (This was before the polio vaccine had been developed which brought an end to polio in the United States.) Her mother provided extensive care for her, which included  regular therapeutic massage and a strict exercise program. She recovered, but sustained a deformed foot and limp. Fanny loved to sing as a small child; her mother, a contralto with operatic aspirations, encouraged her. Her father often took her to his store, where she would perform impromptu songs for the customers. In 1924, the Shore family moved to McMinnville, Tennessee, where her father had opened a department store. By her fifth-grade year, the family had moved to Nashville, where she completed elementary school. Although shy because of her limp, she became actively involved in sports, was a cheerleader at  Nashville's Hume-Fogg High School, and was involved in other activities. When Shore was 16, her mother died unexpectedly from a heart attack. Pursuing her education, Shore enrolled at Vanderbilt University, where she participated in many events and activities, including the Chi chapter of the Alpha Epsilon Phi sorority. She graduated from the university in 1938 with a degree in sociology. She visited the Grand Ole Opry and made her radio debut on Nashville's WSM (AM) radio station. Shore decided to return to pursuing her career in singing, moving to New York City to audition for orchestras and  radio stations. At first she went there on a summer break from Vanderbilt, and after graduation, for good. In many of her auditions, she sang the popular song "Dinah". When disc jockey Martin Block could not remember her name, he called her the "Dinah girl", and soon after the name stuck, becoming her stage name. She eventually was hired as a vocalist at radio station WNEW, where she sang with Frank Sinatra. She recorded and performed with the Xavier Cugat orchestra, and signed a recording contract with RCA Victor Records in 1940. Music career. 1940s. In March 1939, Shore debuted  on national radio on the Sunday-afternoon CBS Radio program, "Ben Bernie's Orchestra". In February 1940, she became a featured vocalist on the NBC Radio program "The Chamber Music Society of Lower Basin Street", a showcase for traditional Dixieland and blues songs. With her, the program became so popular, it was moved from 4:30 Sunday afternoon to a 9:00 Monday night time slot in September. In her primetime debut for "the music of the Three Bs, Barrelhouse, Boogie-woogie, and the Blues", she was introduced as "Mademoiselle Dinah 'Diva' Shore, who starts a fire by rubbing two notes together !" She recorded with the two "Basin Street" bands for RCA Victor; one of her records was the eponymous "Dinah's Blues". Shore's singing came to the attention of Eddie Cantor. He signed her as a regular on his radio show, "Time to Smile", in 1940. Shore credits him for teaching her self-confidence, comedic timing, and the ways of connecting with an audience. Cantor bought the rights to an adapted Ukrainian folk song with new lyrics by Jack Lawrence for Shore to record for RCA Victor's Bluebird label. This song, "Yes, My Darling Daughter", became her first major  hit, selling 500,000 copies in weeks, which was unusual for that time. Shore soon became a successful singing star with her own radio show, "Call for Music", which was broadcast on CBS from February 13, 1948 to April 16, 1948, and on NBC from April 20, 1948 to June 29, 1948. Also in 1943, she appeared in her first movie, "Thank Your Lucky Stars", starring Cantor. She soon went to another radio show, "Paul Whiteman Presents". During this time, the United States was involved in World War II, and Shore became a favorite with the troops. She had hits, including  Blues in the Night, "Jim", "You'd Be So Nice to Come Home To", and "I'll Walk Alone", the first of her number-one hits. "Blues in the Night" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA. To support the troops overseas, Shore participated in USO tours to Europe. She appeared in person, on radio, and on record with a number of British and American stars, including Major Glenn Miller and his large Army Air Force Band. She met George Montgomery, a young actor ready to go into military service. They married on  December 3, 1943, shortly before he went into service. When he returned, they settled in San Fernando, California. In 1948, their first child was born, a daughter, Melissa Ann, and they adopted a son in 1954, John David, before moving to Beverly Hills. Shore continued appearing in radio shows throughout the 1940s, including "The Bird's Eye Open House" and "Ford Radio Show". In early 1946, she moved to a new label, the CBS-owned Columbia Records. At Columbia, Shore enjoyed the greatest commercial success of her recording career, starting with her first Columbia single release, "Shoo-Fly Pie and  Apple Pan Dowdy", and peaking with the most popular song of 1948, "Buttons and Bows", (with Henri René & Orchestra), which was number one for ten weeks. Other number-one hits at Columbia included "The Gypsy" and "The Anniversary Song". One of her most popular recordings was the holiday perennial "Baby, It's Cold Outside" with Buddy Clark from 1949. The song was covered by many other artists, such as Ella Fitzgerald. Other hits during her four years at Columbia included "Laughing on the Outside (Crying on the Inside)", "I Wish I Didn't Love You So", "(I Love You) For  Sentimental Reasons", "Doin' What Comes Natur'lly", and "Dear Hearts and Gentle People". She was a regular with Jack Smith on his quarter-hour radio show on CBS. Shore was a musical guest in the films "Thank Your Lucky Stars" (1943), "Follow the Boys" (1944), and "Till the Clouds Roll By" (1946) and had starring roles in Danny Kaye's debut "Up in Arms" (1944) and "Belle of the Yukon" (1944). She lent her musical voice to two Disney films: "Make Mine Music" (1946) and "Fun and Fancy Free" (1947). Her last starring film role was for Paramount Pictures in "Aaron  Slick from Punkin Crick" (1952). 1950s. In 1950, Shore returned to RCA Victor with a deal to record 100 sides for $1 million (equivalent to $ million in ). The hits kept coming, but with less frequency, and were not charting as high as in the '40s. Dinah's biggest hits of this era were "My Heart Cries for You" and "Sweet Violets", both peaking at number three in 1951. Several duets with Tony Martin did well, with "A Penny a Kiss" being the most popular, reaching number eight. was a 1953 hit, and her covers of "Changing Partners" and  If I Give My Heart to You were popular top-20 hits. "Love and Marriage" and "Whatever Lola Wants" were top-20 hits from 1955. "Chantez, Chantez" was her last top-20 hit, staying on the charts for over 20 weeks in 1957. Shore remained at RCA Victor until 1958, and during that time, released albums including "Bouquet of Blues", "Once in a While", and "Vivacious", which were collections of singles with different orchestras and conductors such as Frank DeVol and Hugo Winterhalter. The studio albums "Holding Hands at Midnight", from 1955, and "Moments Like These", from 1958, recorded in stereo, with orchestra  under the musical direction of Harry Zimmerman, who performed the same duties on "The Dinah Shore Chevy Show", were the exceptions. Recording career after the 1950s. In 1959, Dinah left RCA Victor for Capitol Records. Although she recorded only one minor hit for her new label ("I Ain't Down Yet", which peaked at 102 on "Billboard's" pop chart in 1960), the collaboration produced four "theme albums" that paired Dinah with arranger Nelson Riddle ("Dinah, Yes Indeed!"), conductor and accompanist André Previn ("Somebody Loves Me" and "Dinah Sings, Previn Plays"), and jazz's Red Norvo ("Dinah Sings Some Blues  with Red"). Her final two Capitol albums were "Dinah, Down Home" and "The Fabulous Hits (Newly Recorded)". Dinah was dropped by Capitol in 1962 and recorded only a handful of albums over the next two decades. She recorded "Lower Basin Street Revisited" for friend Frank Sinatra's Reprise label in 1965, "Songs for Sometime Losers" (Project 3, 1967), "Country Feelin" (Decca, 1969), "Once Upon A Summertime" (Stanyan, 1975), and "Dinah!", a double LP for Capitol in 1976. She recorded this album at the height of her talk show fame, and it featured her take on contemporary hits such as "50  Ways to Leave Your Lover", "The Hungry Years", and "Theme from "Mahogany" (Do You Know Where You're Going To)". Her final studio album was released in 1979, "Dinah!: I've Got a Song," for the Children's Television Workshop. Acting career. Radio. Shore starred in seven radio series of her own between 1941 and 1954. She made hundreds of guest appearances in shows including an episode of "Suspense" ("Frankie and Johnny", May 5, 1952). Early television career. Soon after Shore arrived in New York in 1937, aged 21, Shore made her first television appearances on experimental broadcasts for NBC  over station W2XBS in New York (now WNBC). Twelve years later, in 1949, she made her commercial television debut on "The Ed Wynn Show" from Los Angeles over CBS and on Easter Sunday 1950, made a guest appearance on Bob Hope's first network television show on NBC. After guest spots on many television shows, she was given her own program, "The Dinah Shore Show" on NBC on November 27, 1951. Vic Schoen was her musical director from 1951 to 1954, and also arranged music for her on "The Colgate Comedy Hour" (1954). In 1956, Shore began hosting a monthly  series of one-hour, full-color spectaculars as part of NBC's "The Chevy Show" series. These proved so popular, the show was renamed "The Dinah Shore Chevy Show" the following season, with Shore becoming the full-time host, helming three of four weeks in the month. Broadcast live and in NBC's famous "Living Color", this variety show was one of the most popular of the 1950s and early 1960s and featured the television debuts of stars of the era, such as Yves Montand and Maureen O'Hara, and featured Dinah in performances alongside Ella Fitzgerald, Mahalia Jackson, Peggy Lee , Frank Sinatra, and Pearl Bailey. Tennessee Ernie Ford was a featured guest on one show, and she introduced him, tongue-in-cheek, as "Tennessee Ernie CHEVROLET!!" She also appeared as a guest on "The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom". "The Dinah Shore Chevy Show" ran through the 1960–61 season, after which Chevrolet dropped sponsorship, and Shore hosted a series of monthly broadcasts sponsored by the American Dairy Association and Green Stamps. Simply called "The Dinah Shore Show", Dinah's guests included Nat "King" Cole, Bing Crosby, Jack Lemmon, Boris Karloff, Betty Hutton, Art Carney, and a young Barbra Streisand. Over 12  seasons, from 1951 to 1963, Shore made 125 hour-long programs and 444 fifteen-minute shows. She always ended her televised programs by throwing an enthusiastic kiss directly to the cameras (and viewers) and exclaiming "MWAH!" to the audience. Shore also appeared in four specials for ABC (in black-and-white) in the 1964–65 season. They were sponsored by the Purex Corporation. Later television career. From 1970 through 1980, Shore hosted two daytime programs, "Dinah's Place" (1970–1974) on NBC and "Dinah!" (later "Dinah and Friends") in syndication from 1974 through 1980 and a third cable program from 1989 to  1992. "Dinah's Place", primarily sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive (which later sponsored her women's golf tournament), was a 30-minute Monday-through-Friday program broadcast at 10:00 am (ET) over NBC, her network home since 1939. Shore described this show as a "Do-Show" as opposed to a chat show because she would have her guests demonstrate an unexpected skill, for example, Frank Sinatra sharing his spaghetti sauce recipe, Spiro Agnew playing keyboard accompanying Dinah on "Sophisticated Lady", or Ginger Rogers showing Shore how to throw a clay pot on a potter's wheel. Although "Dinah's Place" featured  famous guest stars, Shore often grilled lesser-known lifestyle experts on nutrition, exercise, or homemaking. Despite being one of the more popular programs in NBC's morning lineup, dominating in the timeslot, facing out "The Lucy Show" reruns on CBS and local programming on ABC, this show left the air in 1974 after NBC sent a telegram to Dinah congratulating her on her Emmy win – at the same time informing her the show was being cancelled, because it broke up a "game show programming block" and competition from "The Joker's Wild" on CBS, which started two years earlier. Thus  ended the network's 35-year association with Shore. She returned that fall with "Dinah!", a syndicated 90-minute daily talk show (also seen in a 60-minute version on some stations) that put the focus on top guest stars and entertainment. This show was seen as competition for Mike Douglas and Merv Griffin, whose shows had been on the air for 10 years when "Dinah!" debuted. Frequent guests included entertainment figures (Lucille Ball, Bob Hope, and James Stewart), as well as regular contributors including lifestyle guru Dr. Wayne Dyer. Unexpected rock music performance appearances included Tina Turner, David Bowie , and Iggy Pop. Shore also appeared on the Norman Lear comedy-soap opera "Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman" in April 1976. On the show, Dinah interviewed country singing character Loretta Haggars (played by Mary Kay Place) and included a controversial comment from Miss Haggars during her appearance on a "Live" airing of Shore's talk show. Shore interviewed the comedian Andy Kaufman in his Tony Clifton guise on her show. He took deliberate offense at her questions and eventually tipped a pan of eggs over her head. Shore, with her Dixie drawl and demure manner, was identified with the South, and  guests on her shows often commented on it. She spoofed this image by playing Melody in "Went with the Wind!", the famous "Gone with the Wind" parody for "The Carol Burnett Show". In the summer of 1976, Shore hosted "Dinah and Her New Best Friends", an eight-week summer replacement series for "The Carol Burnett Show" which featured a cast of young hopefuls such as Diana Canova and Gary Mule Deer, along with such seasoned guests as Jean Stapleton and Linda Lavin. Shore guest-starred on "Pee-wee's Playhouse Christmas Special", calling Pee-wee on his picturephone and singing  The 12 Days of Christmas. Throughout the special, Pee-wee walks past the picturephone, only to hear her going past the original 12 days ("...on the 500th day of Christmas ...") Shore finished her television career hosting "A Conversation with Dinah" (1989–1992) on the cable network TNN (The Nashville Network). This half-hour show consisted of one-on-one interviews with celebrities and comedians (such as Bob Hope), former boyfriends (Burt Reynolds in a special one-hour episode), and political figures (former President Gerald Ford and his wife and former First Lady Betty Ford.) In a coup, Shore got the first  post-White House interview given by former First Lady Nancy Reagan. Around this time, she gained a contract as television spokeswoman for Holly Farms chicken. In the 1980s, Shore sang in Glendale Federal Bank television commercials. Her last television special, "Dinah Comes Home" (TNN 1991), brought Shore's career full-circle, taking her back to the stage of the Grand Ole Opry, which she first visited some 60 years earlier. Shore won nine Emmys, a Peabody Award, and a Golden Globe Award. Shore's talk shows sometimes included cooking segments, and she wrote cookbooks including "Someone's in the Kitchen  with Dinah". Personal life. Marriage and children. Shore was married to actor George Montgomery from 1943 to 1962. She gave birth to daughter Melissa Ann "Missy" Montgomery, in January 1948. Later the couple adopted a son, John David "Jody" Montgomery. Missy Montgomery also became an actress. George Jacobs, in his memoir "Mr. S" about Frank Sinatra, for whom he worked as a longtime valet, claimed Shore and Sinatra had a long-standing affair in the 1950s. After her divorce in 1963 from Montgomery, she briefly married professional tennis player Maurice F. Smith. Her romances of the later 1960s involved comedian  Dick Martin, singer Eddie Fisher, and actor Rod Taylor. In the early 1970s, Shore had a happy four-year public romance with actor Burt Reynolds, who was 20 years her junior. After the relationship cooled, the tabloids linked Shore with other younger men, including Wayne Rogers, Andy Williams, and Ron Ely. Her daughter, Melissa Montgomery, is the owner of the rights to most of Shore's television series. In March 2003, PBS presented "MWAH! The Best of The Dinah Shore Show 1956–1963", an hour-long special of early color videotaped footage of Shore in duets with guests Ella Fitzgerald, Jack  Lemmon, Frank Sinatra, Bing Crosby, Pearl Bailey, George Burns, Groucho Marx, Peggy Lee, and Mahalia Jackson. Black-and-white kinescopes, as well as color videotapes of "The Dinah Shore Chevy Show", are frequently aired on Jewish Life Television. Golf. Shore, who played golf, was a longtime supporter of women's professional golf. In 1972, she helped found the Colgate Dinah Shore Golf Tournament, which is in its current identity as the Chevron Championship remains one of the major golf tournaments on the LPGA Tour. The tournament is held each spring at Mission Hills Country Club, near Shore's former home  in Rancho Mirage, California. The Club Skirts Dinah Shore Weekend is named for Shore, who was not a lesbian but was a noted golfer. Shore was the first female member of the Hillcrest Country Club in Los Angeles. In acknowledgment of her contributions to golf, Shore was elected an honorary member of the LPGA Hall of Fame in 1994. Shore became a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame when it absorbed the LPGA Hall in 1998. She received the 1993 Old Tom Morris Award from the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America, GCSAA's highest honor. In 1963 , she hired mid-century modern architect Donald Wexler to design her home in Palm Springs. The house was sold to actor Leonardo DiCaprio in 2014 for almost $5.5 million. Death. In the spring of 1993, Shore was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. She died of complications from the disease at her home in Beverly Hills, California, on February 24, 1994, five days before her 78th birthday. Her body was cremated the same day. Some of the ashes were interred in two memorial sites: the Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery in Culver City, California, and Forest Lawn Cemetery (Cathedral City). Other ashes  went to relatives. Tributes. In both Cathedral City and Rancho Mirage, California, streets are named after her. Her hometown of Winchester, Tennessee, honored her with Dinah Shore Boulevard. In 1989, she received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. In 1991, she was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame. In 1996, a Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars was dedicated to her.