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Schaffner FN2020B Series 60A 250 V ac 0 THE SIX ESSENTIALS OF CATTLE BREEDING
The Lasater Philosophy is the lid on the golden pot that keeps all the economically important genetics for cattle breeding in balance. In its simplicity lies its power.
DISPOSITION – TEMPERAMENT
As gevolg van vandag se hoë arbeidskoste is dit baie belangrik om ‘n dier met ‘n goeie temperament te teel.
An animal with a good disposition is one which is responsive and docile by nature and gentle by training.
Om vir temperament te selekteer is baie eenvoudig. Met speentyd sal enige verskille in individuele diere baie duidelik uitkom waar almal onder dieselfde omstandighede groot geword het. Die meeste diere met swak temperament sal duidelik raakgesien kan word met speentyd, en moet uitgegooi word.
No one likes wild cattle, so why raise them ?
FERTILITY – VRUGBAARHEID
Die belangrikheid van vrugbaarheid in die beesbedryf is vanselfsprekend, en tog faal baie telers om vrugbare diere te teel.
Wat gebeur as ons nie vir vrugbaarheid selekteer nie ?
- Droë koeie kry dan weer ‘n kans, en dit is seleksie van minder vrugbare diere
- 'n Koei kalf, maar maak nie haar kalf groot nie – jy selekteer vir swak moederseienskappe
- Jy gebruik ‘n lang paartyd (90 dae +). Jou koeie sal nie almal elke jaar kalf nie
Therefore selection for reproductive efficiency consists of a short breeding season, and every cow or heifer must conceive under these conditions and then bear a calf without assistance and then wean a good calf – no exceptions – or be culled.
The object of good cattle breeding is not to set one’s goals so low that the cattle pass effortlessly, but rather to set them so high that only the best survive.
WEIGHT – GEWIG
The vast majority of cattle are marketed on a weight basis. The importance of weight is universally recognized, and yet the cattle industry, as a whole, has not achieved weaning weights that approximate those easily within its grasp.
Daar word gesê om net vir speengewig alleen te selekteer kan ‘n teler sy kudde in alle aspekte 70% vinniger verbeter, as waarvoor al die komplekse en rekenaar-georiënteerde bestuursstelsels kan hoop, deur niks eenvoudiger as ‘n skaal te gebruik nie.
In selecting animals for weight under the Lasater system, two factors are involved : weaning weight, which reflects the milking ability of the mother, and post-weaning weight gain, which indicates the individual’s own capability.
CONFORMATION – BOUVORM
Tom Lasater sê van bouvorm “the ideal conformation is exemplified by that animal whose carcass will yield the most pounds of tender, lean beef per pound of live weight.”
Gelukkig is seleksie vir hierdie eienskap nie moeilik nie omdat, gegewe die kans, sal die natuur baie van die wenslike eienskappe soos karkas lengte, speengewig, vrugbaarheid, voerkraal prestasie en uitslag persentasie, korreleer – weereens “form follows function”.
The cattleman should not stipulate a certain body type or size or colour in the hope that this will produce the desired results, but rather he should select individuals that are producing satisfactorily and let nature stipulate what body type or size is needed. Under this system , “bulls will look like bulls and cows will look like cows”.
Structural soundness is an aspect of conformation that can be judged on the hoof. A defect that can impair the individual’s ability to perform (such as bad legs, pendulous sheath or weak eyes) should result in that individual being culled.
HARDINESS – GEHARDHEID
“Hardiness is exemplified by those individuals which carry on their relentless production assignments year after year with minimum assistance,” according to Tom Lasater.
Elke omgewing toets diere op verskillende maniere, of dit nou koue, hitte, droogte, te veel reën, parasiete, moeilike terrein, roofdiere, swak weiding is, of enige ander van die baie probleme wat die boer affekteer. Die geharde dier moet presteer met die minimum van bystand.
It is out of the question, for example, to trim bulls’ hooves or to milk cows with udder problems. Individuals such as these should be culled in order to such uneconomical defects from the herd.
MILK PRODUCTION – MELKPRODUKSIE
Seleksie vir melkproduksie is eenvoudig die evaluasie van die koei se melk vermoë soos gereflekteer in haar kalf se speengewig. In die geval van stoetvaars, word seleksie hier toegepas van bulle met moeders wat top speengemiddeldes het.
Heifers are culled on weight at weaning; cows weaning light-weight calves are also eliminated.