Yardna
In Mandaeism, a yardna () or yardena (; ) is a body of flowing fresh water (or in ; pronounced "mia h(a)yya") that is suitable for ritual use as baptismal water. The masbuta and other Mandaean rituals such as the tamasha can only be performed in a yardna. Stagnant fresh water, brackish water, and seawater are not considered to be yardnas. Examples of yardnas. Although etymologically related to the Hebrew word "yarden" (), or the Jordan River, a yardna in Mandaeism can refer to any flowing river. Traditionally, these were typically the Euphrates, Tigris, and Karun rivers. The Euphrates is called (; pronounced ) in the  Ginza Rabba. In Mandaean scriptures, the Euphrates is considered to be the earthly manifestation of the heavenly yardna or flowing river (similar to the Yazidi concept of Lalish being the earthly manifestation of its heavenly counterpart). In Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, Lake Quinsigamond (the source of the Quinsigamond River) is used as a yardna for baptism. In San Antonio and Austin, Texas, the Guadalupe River is the main yardna used. In Australia, the Nepean River is the yardna that is most commonly used by Mandaeans. In Sweden, particularly during the winter, indoor swimming pools with flowing water are used as  ritual yardnas in mandis. Heavenly counterpart. Piriawis is the heavenly counterpart of all "yardnas" on earth, as they are considered by Mandaeans to be manifestations of the heavenly Piriawis. Sacramental water. Sacramental water used for Mandaean rituals, namely mambuha ("drinking water") and halalta ("rinsing water"), are drawn directly from a yardna.