Euphydryas desfontainii
Euphydryas desfontainii, the Spanish fritillary, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in France, Portugal, Spain, Morocco (the Rif mountains and Middle Atlas) and western Algeria in North Africa. Description. The wingspan is 40–45 mm. In "desfontainii" Godt. (= "desfontainesi" Bdv.), which was separated as a distinct species, because it occurs in the same districts as "iberica", the proximal edge of the submarginal band of the forewing is very strongly flexuose, the distal margin bears small light rings or lunules placed in dark hastate spots; the submarginal band is almost so broad as  in "iberica" and contrasts strongly with the light yellow discal band which stands at its proximal side and is broadly bordered with deep black. In "baetica" Rbr. from Andalusia, the submarginal band is so broad that it occupies the external third of the forewing and almost the outer half of the hindwing. Biology. Adults are on wing from April to June in one generation per year. The larvae feed on "Dipsacus", "Scabiosa", "Cephalaria" and "Knautia" species (including "Knautia arvensis"). The species overwinters in the larval stage. Pupation takes place in spring.