List of chess grandmasters
The following people have all been grandmasters (GM) of chess. The title is awarded to players who have met the standards required by the sport's governing body, FIDE. Other than world champion, it is the highest title a chess player can attain and is awarded for life, although FIDE regulations allow for the revocation of titles for cheating or fraud. FIDE has awarded grandmaster titles, not counting three GM titles that have been revoked. Grandmasters. Player names are generally listed as they appear in FIDE records such as the FIDE Chess Profile pages, although accented  letters are used where appropriate even though FIDE databases use only the English alphabet. When player names or spellings have changed, generally the most recent name is used even if it is different than the name in use when the title was awarded. When name changes occur, the previous name is listed in the Notes column, although small changes in transliteration such as "Alexei" vs. "Alexey" are not mentioned. FIDE has issued ID codes since 1998; some older grandmasters were never assigned an ID. For living grandmasters, FIDE ID is a link to the FIDE Chess Profile page. The FIDE  Chess Profile page can usually be used to verify the year the GM title was awarded and the player's birth year. FIDE IDs for deceased grandmasters are retained in this table to aid matching with older FIDE records such as the FIDE rating lists. Title Year is the year FIDE officially awarded the title. Sometimes this may be a year after the player completed the final requirements for the title. In a few cases (e.g. Esteban Canal), the title was awarded retrospectively, many years after the relevant achievements. Federation lists the player federation at the time the GM title  was awarded. If the player subsequently changed federations, they are listed in Notes. Federations before the GM title was awarded are not included in the list, except in some cases of honorary GM awards when the honorary award was made on the basis of the player's accomplishments years earlier when they were in a different federation. The Notes column includes all sources that were used to compile the information for each player. Titles awarded prior to 2016 can be sourced to Di Felice. Revoked titles. FIDE titles including the grandmaster title are valid for life, but FIDE regulations allow  a title to be revoked for "use of a FIDE title or rating to subvert the ethical principles of the title or rating system" or if a player is found to have violated the anti-cheating regulations in a tournament on which the title application was based.