Twice A Stranger: How Mass Expulsion Forged Modern Greece and Turkey
Twice A Stranger: How Mass Expulsion Forged Modern Greece and Turkey (also published as Twice A Stranger: The Mass Expulsions that Forged Modern Greece and Turkey) is a book by Bruce Clark published in 2006 concerning the population exchange between Greece and Turkey which took place in the early 1920s, following the Treaty of Lausanne. As well as giving a detailed account of the background to the exchange, its implementation and immediate consequences, the author examines the continuing effects which it has had on the politics, culture and national  identity of both the states concerned. He focuses particularly on the ambivalent feelings of the few surviving expellees and their descendants towards their former homelands. In the preface, the author reflects on the phenomenon of nationalism as it manifested itself in these events and on parallels and contrasts with other later situations such as the Expulsion of Germans after World War II, the "Palestinian exodus" and the parallel Jewish exodus from Arab lands, the population movements in Bosnia in the 1990s and the ongoing situation in Northern Ireland. Twice A Stranger: How Mass Expulsion Forged Modern Greece and Turkey Twice