Japan Energy
Aside from petroleum, mining, electronic materials, and operations, the company was also involved in transportation, construction, and engineering industries. History. The predecessor to Japan Energy was first established in 1905 as a mining company in Hitachi, Ibaraki, which expanded into oil exploration in 1914. Namihei Odaira, an employee of the mining company, established Hitachi within the mine in 1908. The mine was renamed the Nippon Mining Company, Ltd. in 1929 following its integration into the Nissan Group the previous year. In 1966, at the behest of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Nippon Mining's oil division  merged its downstream business with those of unrelated oil companies Asia Oil and Toa Oil to form the Kyodo Oil Company, Ltd. (literally "Amalgamated Oil Company") Nippon Mining and Kyodo Oil merged in 1992 following financial losses in the latter. Originally called Nikko Kyodo Company, Ltd.; it was renamed Japan Energy Corporation the following year. Simultaneously with the merger, Nikko Kyodo established a separate company for its mining business called Nippon Mining & Metals Company, Ltd.. In 2002, both companies established Nippon Mining Holdings, Inc. as its holding company. While the two companies continued to exist, they were delisted. By late  2003, Japan Energy Corporation was part of a consortium that began exploring the natural gas field off the Aomori coast. In 2010, Nippon Mining merged with Nippon Oil to become JX Holdings, and the petroleum assets of both Japan Energy and Nippon Oil were reorganized into two companies, JX Nippon Oil & Energy and JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration.