Ingredient branding
In marketing, ingredient branding or ingredient marketing refers to a process in which a company markets an established ingredient or component's brand used in its own products. The overall marketing strategy seeks to signal a high-quality product based on the strength of the ingredient's brand. From the ingredient company's perspective, they are not required "to convince consumers that their product is valuable, their customers do it for them". Examples. Chipmaker Intel's 1991 "Intel Inside" marketing campaign was the first landmark ingredient branding success. It came about because in the late 1980s, where the  boom in PCs led to a huge demand for central processing units, which Intel took as an imperative to "explain the desirability of its products" to end users, not just the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). In addition to Intel's own advertising for "Intel Inside", it subsidized OEMs that had agreed to include the Intel Inside logo on their own products and ads. Other examples of ingredient branding include: Marketing. Ingredient branding cannot be clearly allocated to either industrial or consumer goods marketing. On the one hand, the consumer is the end-user of the ingredient, but at the  same time is not part of the buying decision for the component, as this is up to the producer of the end product. On the other hand, the producer will only decide on the usage of the ingredient—or at least take it into account in the communication policy—if the image of this ingredient will have an effect on the consumer, meaning a positive influence on his or her buying decision. Ingredient brands "complement other brands without conflicting. They go inside and aren’t necessarily identifiable visually. Their quality message carries over to the brand they’re inside of ." Cooperative advertising. Cooperative advertising can be used to incentivize the end-product manufacturer to advertise the ingredient, and the "Intel Inside" campaign was a big example of that. In fact, by the end of 1992, over 500 OEMs had signed onto Intel's cooperative marketing program and 70% of OEM ads that could carry the "Intel Inside" logo did so. Outside of that example, however, there are few cooperative advertising program offered by other ingredient suppliers. To investigate this question, Juan Zhang and his co-authors introduced a dynamic cooperative advertising model in an assemble supply chain where the end  product manufacturer purchases components from two suppliers. Results show that the reason that there is seldom supplier providing a cooperative advertising program to his manufacturer is that his unit profit margin is too low. They also show that some suppliers could offer their common manufacturer a cooperative advertising program cooperatively. See also. Co-branding