Louise, Princess Royal
Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar; 20 February 1867 – 4 January 1931) was the third child and eldest daughter of Edward VII and Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom; she was a younger sister of George V. Louise was given the title of Princess Royal in 1905. Known by her shy and quiet personality, Louise remained a low-key member of the royal family throughout her life. Early life. Louise was born on 20 February 1867 at Marlborough House, the London residence of her parents, the Prince and Princess of Wales. Louise 's father was the eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Her mother was the eldest daughter of Christian IX and Queen Louise of Denmark. From birth, as the granddaughter of the British monarch, she had the title "Her Royal Highness Princess Louise of Wales". She spent much of her childhood at Sandringham House in Norfolk. She was baptised at Marlborough House on 10 May 1867 by Charles Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury. Like her sisters Victoria and Maud, she was educated under the supervision of tutors. She occasionally spent the summer in Denmark, her mother's homeland. In her  youth, Louise was described as a very withdrawn girl. Louise and her sisters, Maud and Victoria, were bridesmaids at the wedding of their paternal aunt Princess Beatrice to Prince Henry of Battenberg in 1885. Marriage and children. Despite her mother's attempts to keep her daughters unmarried and by her side, on Saturday 27 July 1889, Louise married Alexander Duff, 6th Earl Fife, who was eighteen years her senior, at the Private Chapel in Buckingham Palace with the Archbishop of Canterbury officiating at the service. Her bridesmaids were Princesses Maud and Victoria of Wales, Victoria Mary of Teck, Marie Louise  and Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein and the Countesses Feodora, Helena and Victoria Gleichen. Two days after the wedding, Queen Victoria created him Duke of Fife and Marquess of Macduff in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The letters patent creating this dukedom contained the standard remainder to heirs male of the body lawfully begotten. After the birth of their two daughters, on 24 April 1900, Queen Victoria signed letters patent creating a second Dukedom of Fife, along with the Earldom of Macduff in the Peerage of the United Kingdom with a special remainder: in default of a male heir , these peerages would pass to the daughters of the 1st Duke, and then to their male descendants. The Duke and Duchess of Fife had three children: The couple made their home at Mar Lodge, a sporting lodge built for them by Alexander Marshall Mackenzie. Princess Royal. On 9 November 1905, Edward VII created Louise the Princess Royal, the highest honour bestowed on a female member of the royal family. At the same time, the King declared that the two daughters of the Princess Royal would be styled as princesses, with the style and attribute of "Highness" and with precedence immediately  after all members of the royal family bearing the style of "Royal Highness". In December 1911, while sailing aboard SS "Delhi" to Egypt, the Princess Royal and her family were shipwrecked off the coast of Morocco. Although they escaped unharmed, the Duke of Fife fell ill with pleurisy, probably contracted as a result of the shipwreck. He died at Assuan, Egypt, in January 1912, and Princess Alexandra succeeded to his dukedom, becoming Duchess of Fife in her own right. Later life and death. After the death of her husband, Louise led a reclusive life. Sometimes she accompanied her mother and  sister Victoria to public events. In the years leading up to her death Louise suffered from heart disease. In October 1929 at Mar Lodge she was taken ill with gastric hemorrhage and was brought back to London. Louise died in her sleep fifteen months later in January 1931, a month before her 64th birthday, at her home in Portman Square, London, with her two daughters at her bedside. She was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. Her remains were later removed to the Private Chapel, Mar Lodge, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Honours and arms. Arms. Upon her marriage, Louise was  granted a coat of arms, being those of the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom with an inescutcheon for Saxony, all differenced with a label argent of five points, the outer pair and centre bearing crosses gules, and the inner pair bearing thistles proper. The inescutcheon was dropped by royal warrant in 1917.