Anchietea
Anchietea is a genus of flowering plants in the violet family Violaceae, with six accepted species, found in tropical South America. Description. Lianas or reclining shrubs with oblong-lanceolate to ovate leaves. The flowers, which may be unisexual or bisexual, are in axillary racemoids or fascicles, with a white to orange corollas that are strongly zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) with the long bottom petal weakly differentiated with a well exserted (projecting) spur. On the five stamens, the filaments are strongly connate (fused) with the two lowest anthers calcarate (spurred) and possessing a small dorsal connective appendage that is entire and  ovate. In the gynoecium, the style is rostellate (beaked). The fruit is a very thin walled bladder-like capsule. There are many seeds per carpel, that are orbicular in outline and strongly flattened and encircled with a low interrupted ridge, or broad wing. The genus is characterized by membranaceous inflated capsules that usually prematurely expose the strongly flattened seeds to maturation. Taxonomy. The genus "Anchietea" was first described by Saint-Hilaire in 1824, with a single species "Anchietea salutaris", which thus is considered the type species. Therefore the genus bears his name, , as the botanical authority. Shortly before this, Martius  had described a species in a related genera, "Noisettia pyrifolia". In 1831, Don transferred this species to "Anchietea", noting that the specific epithet "pyrifolia" referred to "pear-shaped leaves". A revision of the genus in 2013 identified "A. salutaris" and "A. pyrifolia" as conspecific, and since "A. pyrifolia" had priority (as "Noisettia pyrifolia") it is the type species. Early taxonomic schemes, primarily based on floral morphology, such as Bentham and Hooker (1862) placed "Anchietea" within subfamily Violoideae, tribe Violeae, subtribe Violinae. "Anchietea" is one of four lianescent genera in Violaceae, together with "Calyptrion" , "Agatea" and the more recently discovered (2003 ) "Hybanthopsis" . Historically, these genera were distributed among separate subtribes, with "Anchietea" within subtribe Violinae with "Calyptrion" and "Hybanthopsis" and "Agatea" in subtribe Hybanthinae. Molecular phylogenetic studies have now grouped these four genera together into a single lianescent clade, one of four within the family Violaceae. Etymology. The genus "Anchietea" is named for the sixteenth century Jesuit missionary and naturalist Joseph of Anchieta, who described the Brazilian flora. Species. Estimates of the number of species in "Anchietea" has varied considerably between five and nine, but historically, the genus has been poorly described and new species have continued to be described. Paula -Souza and colleagues recognize six species, having added "A. ferrucciae" in 2010 as a new description and "A. ballardii" in 2016. Distribution and habitat. Extra-Amazonian South America, in the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) of South America.