Microbunodon
Microbunodon was a genus of extinct artiodactyl mammals in the family Anthracotheriidae. It lived between the upper Eocene and the lower Pliocene (about 35–5 million years ago). Its fossil remains have been found in Europe and Asia. Description. "Microbunodon", unlike most of its close relatives, was small in size and with a slight build. Its weight did not exceed 20–25 kilograms and the skull was about 20–30 centimeters long. "Microbunodon" was slim with long legs and a short snout with long prominent canine teeth in males, similar to a saber-toothed cat. It was characterized by a fused mandibular  symphysis, with a ventral ridge-like prominence. Classification. The genus "Microbunodon" was established by Deperet in 1908 to accommodate a species previously described by Georges Cuvier in 1822 and attributed to the genus "Anthracotherium", as "A. minimum", from the Oligocene superior of France. The type species, "Microbunodon minimum", lived in the Oligocene in Europe and is known in France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Turkey. Other species attributed to this genus are "M. silistrensis" (early and middle Miocene, Indian subcontinent and Indochina) and "M. milaensis" (late Miocene and early Pliocene, Indian subcontinent and Indochina). Other fossils attributed to this genus come  from the upper Eocene of China and testify to an exceptional longevity of this evolutionary line (Tsubamoto, 2010). "Microbunodon" is an anthracothere, a group of artiodactyls usually considered similar to hippopotami. "Microbunodon" represents an aberrant morphology for this family, whose members usually have large, heavy shapes. "Microbunodon" and "Anthracokeryx" have been placed in a separate subfamily, Microbunodontinae. Paleobiology. Analysis of dental wear of "Microbunodon" reveals that it probably had a diet based on leaves and fruit (Lihoreau, 2003). It likely lived in forest environments and had a lifestyle quite similar to that of musk deer and mouse deer. It is  likely that it originated in Asia in the Eocene. At the end of the Oligocene, "Microbunodon" migrated to Europe and spread rapidly, along with other Artiodactyls. This event is known as the "Microbunodon" event, due to the significant impact that the invasion of these animals had on European fauna of the period (Scherler et al., 2013; Mennecart, 2015).