VoltAero Cassio
The VoltAero Cassio is a family of hybrid electric aircraft being developed by startup company VoltAero. The company plans to produce three configurations of the Cassio aircraft: the four-place Cassio 330, the six-place Cassio 480, and the ten-place Cassio 600. Development. VoltAero was established in Royan in September 2017 by the CTO and test pilot of the 2014 Airbus E-Fan 1.0, with the support of the French Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. The company is assembling a testbed based on the Cessna 337 Skymaster, which was intended to fly in late February 2019. The clean-sheet , all-composite Cassio prototype should follow in 2020, deliveries were initially anticipated in late 2021 or early 2022. For ground-testing the propulsion system, a Skymaster airframe was modified into an iron bird, on static display at the June 2019 Paris Air Show. The Skymaster testbed should fly without its nose engine in September 2019, and with the hybrid power module replacing the rear engine before the end of the year. The initial power module uses a Nissan automobile engine, followed by an in-house multifuel engine development. Building three prototypes and a structural test article will need a new  fundraising. The first production aircraft would be delivered by the end of 2022. By October 2019, VoltAero had upgraded its testbed with two Safran EngineUS 45 motors, each producing maximum and continuously, installed on the wing with tractor propellers. November flight tests from Royan – Médis Aerodrome will keep both piston engines for 15 hours, before removing the forward piston engine for 10 hours. The aft hybrid system has a Nissan car engine developed with Solution F, with an additional Emrax electric motor on the same shaft, for 100 hours of tests including endurance and demonstration flights. By March 2020, flight  trials had begun for the hybrid-electric with its push-pull triple propeller configuration, before unveiling the Cassio 2 on 24 March. In May 2020, VoltAero presented the production Cassio family: the combined Cassio 330 offering four seats, to be delivered from 2022, the later Cassio 480 seating six and the Cassio 600 accommodating ten people. The six-seater is planned for 2023 and the 10 seater for 2024. Design. To be certified under EASA CS-23 regulations, the production configuration is a three-surface layout with a forward fixed canard, an aft, mid-mounted wing, and a twin boom, high  tail, framing a single pusher propeller powered by an internal combustion engine and electric motors. The maximum gross weight should be 5 t (11,000 lb), with of additional weight for the electric motors and the batteries in the nose and in the wingbox. The Cassio will be powered by two electric motors driving tractor propellers on the wing and a piston engine and motor driving a pusher propeller in the aft fuselage. The combination of fuel and batteries will give it a range with nine people aboard. It should fly up to 200 km as a pure electric aircraft, as  a battery-assisted mild hybrid and over 600 km using more its combustion engine. Its cruise speed should be cruise its endurance 3.5 h, which could be extended to 5 h. The production four-seater targets a field capability within a MTOW. Lower noise should be allowed by the electric taxiing and take off, before hybrid power above . Fuel consumption could be reduced by up to 20%, with hybrid cruise until the batteries have discharged to a 20% energy level, before recharging them with the thermal engine. The cost of ownership is targeted for €290/h ($323) and  a 10 h per day availability should allow eight daily rotations.