HMS Liberty (1913)
HMS "Liberty was a destroyer that served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. Launched on 15 September 1913 as HMS "Rosalind, the ship was renamed on 30 September under an Admiralty order to become one of the first alphabetical class destroyers. On commissioning, the vessel joined the Third Destroyer Flotilla and operated as part of the Harwich Force. During Battle of Heligoland Bight, "Liberty" engaged with the German torpedo boats and , and scored two hits on the cruiser . On 8 February 1917, the destroyer rammed and sank the German submarine . The vessel also played  a minor role in the battles of Dogger Bank, Dover Strait and Jutland, as well as acting as a convoy escort and patrolling the Dover Barrage. With the cessation of hostilities, the ship was placed in reserve and sold to be broken up on 5 November 1921. Design and development. "Liberty" was one of twenty-two L- or destroyers built for the Royal Navy. The design followed the preceding but with improved seakeeping properties and armament, including twice the number of torpedo tubes. The vessel was one of the last pre-war destroyers built by J Samuel White for the  British Admiralty, constructed alongside the similar . The destroyer had a length overall of , a beam of and a draught of . Displacement was normal and deep load. Power was provided by three White-Forster boilers feeding two Parsons steam turbines rated at and driving two shafts, to give a design speed of . Two funnels were fitted. of oil were carried, giving a design range of at . Fuel consumption was of oil in 24 hours during test. Complement was 73 officers and ratings. Armament consisted of three Mk IV QF guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one  aft and one between the funnels. A single 2-pounder (40 mm) pom-pom anti-aircraft gun was carried. Torpedo armament consisted of two twin mounts for torpedoes mounted aft. Capacity to lay four Vickers Elia Mk.4 mines was included, but the facility was never used. Construction and career. "Liberty" was laid down by J. Samuel White at East Cowes on the Isle of Wight on 31 August 1912 with the yard number 1391. The ship was launched on 15 September 1913. Originally launched as "Rosalind", "Liberty" was renamed by Admiralty order on 30 September 1913. Built under the 1912–1913  Programme as part of a class named after characters in Shakespeare's plays and the Waverley novels by Sir Walter Scott, the destroyer joined what was to be the first alphabetical class, with each successive class of destroyers named after a letter of the alphabet. On commissioning, "Liberty" joined the Third Destroyer Flotilla as part of the Harwich Force. After the British declaration of war and the start of the First World War on 4 August 1914, the flotilla was tasked with harassing the Imperial German Navy and on 26 August was ordered to attack German torpedo boats on their  patrol as part of a large Royal Navy fleet in what was to be the Battle of Heligoland Bight. The following day, "Liberty" was part of the Fourth Division, which included fellow L-class destroyers , "Laurel" and , when the German torpedo boat was sighted. The destroyers set off at speed in pursuit, engaging with "G194" and , and soon encountering the German 5th Flotilla. "Liberty" was second in the line when their pursuit brought them to the light cruiser and almost immediately took a hit from the larger vessel that destroyed the bridge and killed the ship's commander, Nigel K.  W. Barttelot. The destroyer, in turn, claimed two hits against the German ship. Damaged, the destroyer took no further part in the action, but watched as the British forces overwhelmed the German cruiser. However, at the end, after the wounded were transferred to other ships in the British fleet, "Liberty" was able to return to Harwich without assistance and was soon repaired. After returning to service, the destroyer remained stationed at Harwich defending the Strait of Dover. On 23 January 1915, the destroyer led the Second Division of the Third Flotilla during the Battle of Dogger Bank. The Flotilla was  incapable of keeping sufficient speed to engage in the battle, which was left to newer and faster destroyers. The ship did, however, rescue the destroyer that led into the fray, , which had been heavily damaged attacking the German armoured cruiser , towing the vessel back to Britain. For the remainder of the year, and into the next, the vessel remained at Harwich. On 31 May 1916, as part of the Ninth Destroyer Flotilla, "Liberty" was one of a small contingent from the Harwich Force that took part in the Battle of Jutland. The destroyer, along with sisterships , "Laurel" and , were to  provide cover to the British battlecruisers of the First Battlecruiser Squadron. In this case, the flotilla was in the centre of the action but again failed to engage the German battle fleet in the confusion of the battle, with "Liberty" failing even to spot the enemy ships. Later that year, on 26 October, the destroyer was part of a four ship flotilla sent to defend the Dover Barrage in the Battle of Dover Strait, but saw no action at the time. The destroyer had more success on 8 February the following year. While patrolling the Barrage, shortly after 03:00, "Liberty  spotted the German minelaying submarine surface ahead. The destroyer swiftly opened fire and sped forward, ramming the German ship ahead of the conning tower at . The German vessel sank with no survivors. In addition to these actions, Liberty" was also deployed as an occasional convoy escort. The ship was subsequently redeployed to the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla based at Devonport. After the war, the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of mobilisation, and surplus vessels were culled. "Liberty" was initially placed in reserve at Nore alongside over sixty other destroyers. On 5 November 1921, the vessel was sold and broken  up for scrap.