Amigo (film)
Amigo is a 2010 American-Philippine drama film written and directed by John Sayles. The film takes place in the Philippines in 1900 during the Philippine–American War. Plot. "Amigo" centers on Rafael Dacanay, kapitan of the fictional barrio of San Isidro in a rice-growing area of Luzon. His brother Simón, head of the local guerrilla band, has forced the surrender of the Spanish "guardia civil" outpost and charged Rafael with the task of imprisoning the guardia Captain and the "barrio"’s Spanish friar, Padre Hidalgo, in the name of the First Philippine Republic. But when the  American troops chasing General Emilio Aguinaldo arrive, the Spanish officer and Padre Hidalgo are freed, and a garrison under the command of Lieutenant Ike Compton is left to "protect" the barrio. The American occupation policy now changes from "hearts and minds" to "concentration" (what was called "hamletting" during the Vietnam war) and Rafael has to answer to both the Americans and the Filipino nationalists, with deadly consequences. Development. "Cinematical" reports that the film was once titled "Baryo", and that the idea for it came from a yet-to-be-published novel "Some Time in the Sun", detailing U.S. imperialism in  the Philippines. The book will actually be called "A Moment in the Sun", though the unrealized screenplay which inspired it was called "Some Time in the Sun". The screenplay was written in two weeks and it was filmed over eight months on the island province of Bohol. Sayles said the "amigo" of the title was the mayor: The American soldiers were always asked, “Is he a good amigo or a bad amigo?” There was some irony to him being called an amigo. However, the complication in that movie that the usual war movie, you follow the guys on one side  and the other side is the enemy. You root for the guys on your side and the other side is shooting at them. This is a movie where it’s almost evenly divided. Forty-eight percent is in English, 48 percent is in Tagalog, and there’s a little Cantonese and Spanish thrown in. So the audience is asked to do something they’re not normally asked in a chronological war movie, which is to spend time with all the combatants and the noncombatants. They, therefore, know more than any, one character does. That affects the structure as well, but  there is just a structure of events. But how you feel about those events is different because you get to be on both sides and actually care about people on both sides. In a way, what I hope is that by the end of the movie, you’re hoping that they won’t have a confrontation, but that confrontation is inevitable. Release. It was screened on September 14 at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival. Then later at the San Sebastián International Film Festival and the Rio de Janeiro International Film Festival. "Amigo" had its New York premiere at the  2011 Asian American International Film Festival on August 10. In the Philippines, the film was released on July 6, 2011 by Star Cinema and Origin8Media. The film was released in North America on August 19, 2011 by Variance Films. Reception. The film was met with generally positive reviews. The film received a score of 60% with a certified "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 47 reviews. James Rocchi of "MSN Movies" said the film "feels more passionate and provocative than 99% of everything else out there." Connie Ogle from the "Miami Herald" in her review said "A reflection on  power and betrayal, on the thin line between acting as your conscience demands and protecting obligations close to your heart." Peter Travers of "Rolling Stone" awarded the film 3 out of 4 stars wrote "John Sayles, a filmmaker by trade, a provocateur by nature, means to stir things up with Amigo. That he does, and more power to him." Stephen Whitty of the "Newark Star-Ledger" wrote "By choosing Rafael as its hero, "Amigo" looks not only at a little-known part of American history, but at a rarely examined type of movie character." David Fear of "Time Out New  York" wrote in his "Few filmmakers are ambitious enough these days to try addressing our present world-policing endeavors through the prism of past ones, so it almost seems churlish to take Sayles to task for relying on overly dogmatic storytelling." Mark Neumaier of the "New York Daily News" wrote "An engrossing, perceptive, supremely humane drama about imperialism and loyalty."