Norton Utilities
Norton Utilities is a utility software suite designed to help analyze, configure, optimize and maintain a computer. The current version of Norton Utilities is Norton Utilities 16 for Windows XP/Vista/7/8 was released 26 October 2012. Peter Norton published the first version for DOS, "The Norton Utilities, Release 1", in 1982. Release 2 came out about a year later, subsequent to the first hard drives for the IBM PC line. Peter Norton's company was sold to Symantec (now known as NortonLifeLock) in 1990 and Peter Norton himself no longer has any connection to the brand or company . Norton Utilities for DOS and Windows 3.1. Version 1.0. The initial 1982 release supported DOS 1.x and featured the UNERASE utility. This allowed files to be undeleted by restoring the first letter of the directory entry (a workaround of the FAT file system used in DOS). The UNERASE utility was what launched NU on its path to success. Quoting Peter Norton, "Why did The Norton Utilities become such popular software? Well, industry wisdom has it that software becomes standard either by providing superior capabilities or by solving problems that were previously unsolvable. In 1982, when I sat down at my  PC to write Unerase, I was solving a common problem to which there was no readily available solution." 14 programs were included, on three floppy disks, list price $80: Version 2.0. The main feature of this DOS 2.x compatible version was FILEFIND, used for searching for files. This 1983 release added hard disk support, and the PRINT program was renamed LPRINT to avoid conflict with the DOS command introduced in MS-DOS 2.0 as PRINT.COM. Following this release Norton became Utilities Editor of "PC Magazine". The executable files were compressed with Realia's Spacemaker. Version 3.0. This version, copyrighted  1984 but dated 21 January 1985, included Beep, Directory Sort, Disk Test, File Attributes, File Find, File Size, Line Print, List Directories, Screen Attributes, System Information, Text Search, Time Mark, Volume Label, Wipe Disk and Wipe File. Version 3.1. This 1986 version added the Quick UnErase (QU) and Unremove Directory (UD) programs. Version 4.0. Release 4.0 (1987, list $99.95) added four new programs: Version 4.0 Advanced Edition. This version (list $150), released simultaneously with 4.0 standard edition, was dated 15 May 1987. It added Speed Disk, a disk defragmenter, and Format Recover. Version 4.5 Advanced Edition. Norton Disk  Doctor was the major addition in this 1988 release. It also includes Wipedisk; Wipefile, a Batch Enhancer and a sector level disk editor; a system information diagnostic utility and a disk caching program (NCACHE), which was between 10 - 50% faster than Microsoft's SMARTDrive when properly configured. Version 5.0. Release 5.0 added new features, including Disk Editor, a utility to perform low level formatting on hard disks and changes such as password protection on the more “dangerous” utilities. It also included a licensed version of the 4DOS replacement for COMMAND.COM called NDOS. This version also allowed the choice of “classic ” names (such as FF.EXE) or longer names (such as FINDFAST.EXE); these were configurable in the updated version of the Norton Integrator menu system. Version 6.0. Norton Utilities 6.0 supports DOS 5 and Windows 3.1. It includes Windows Program Manager support, but the tools are still DOS-based, so a set of icons were supplied. It includes Norton Disk Doctor, Disk Editor, Disk Tools, Speed Disk, Norton Cache, Disk Monitor, Diskreet, NDisk, System Information, NDOS. The speed of Speed Disk was improved over the previous release. Diskreet supports Data Encryption Standard. System Information now includes more detailed information on installed system . UnErase takes advantage of DOS 5.0's Delete Tracking and Mirror File features to recover data. However, MS-DOS 5.0 added a new codice_1 program, licensed from Norton competitor Central Point Software, which took advantage of the same Delete Sentry control and Deletion-tracking files. (The ERASE command is an alias for the DEL (Delete) command in the DOS command line). Windows 95's Recycle Bin soon further reduced the need for UnErase. Version 7.0. Release 7.0 supports MS-DOS 6.0, DoubleSpace, Stacker and SuperStor disk compression tools. Tools includes Norton Disk Doctor, Disk Editor, Undelete, SmartCan, NDOS, System Information , File Find, Norton Change Directory. Speed Disk remained as well, although codice_2 was licensed by Microsoft and incorporated into MS-DOS as codice_3 in MS-DOS 6.0 onward. Release 7.0 had revised user interfaces for the utilities that feature a menu-driven user interface. Also some of these tools now did not need to run in full-screen-mode but just displayed a window in the center of the screen, like the disk formatter or the disk duplicator utility. Disk Editor now includes Advanced Recovery Mode. Version 8.0 for DOS/Windows 3.x. Release 8.0 was nearly the same as 7.0 , but added Windows 3.1 utilities. DOS Utilities include Norton Disk Doctor, System Information, Change Directory, FileFind, Diskreet, DUPDISK, File Fix, NDOS, Batch Enhancer, Norton Integrator, Speed Disk. Windows utilities include Norton Disk Doctor, Speed Disk, System Watch, File Compare, INI Tracker, INI Tuner, INI editor, INI Advisor Norton Utilities for Windows 95 and later. Version 1.0 for Windows 95. The original Windows 95 version was released in August 1995. As a native Windows 95 tool, it supports the VFAT file system used by Windows 95. It includes Norton Image, Norton System Doctor, Norton Protection, Rescue Disk, System Information, Norton Disk  Doctor, Norton UnErase, Space Wizard, Speed Disk, System Information. DOS tools include Disk Editor, Disk Doctor, Pre-Installation TuneUp. CD-ROM version was announced on 15 January 1996. It adds Disk Companion, Memory Companion and Norton Utilities Companion over floppy disk version. Disk tools included with this release are not compatible with FAT32. The Windows version of Speed Disk works with much greater speed than Microsoft's supplied defrag program, as it moved groups of clusters, not single clusters as Microsoft's Windows Disk Defragmenter. Changes in the way Windows operates meant that many of the old utilities were either  dropped completely or replaced with GUI based versions. However, with the advent of Windows XP onwards, Norton's Speed Disk reverted to single-cluster defragmentation. Version 2.0 for Windows 95. Version 2.0 was announced on 7 October 1996. Version 2.0 features Norton CrashGuard with Anti-Freeze, Norton System Genie, Norton AntiVirus, LiveUpdate, System Genie, Registry Editor, System Doctor, System Benchmark, Disk Benchmark, Multimedia Benchmark, Speed Disk, Space Wizard. Disk utilities now support FAT32. A LiveUpdate fix was released for Norton Utilities 2.0 for Windows 95. Version 2.0 for Windows NT 4.0. Originally called Norton Utilities 2.0 for Windows NT during  prerelease, it was announced on 27 January 1997. It includes Norton Disk Doctor, Norton Speed Disk, Norton System Information, Norton System Doctor, Norton Protection/UnErase, Live Update. Norton Disk Doctor, Speed Disk support FAT16 and NTFS file systems. It does not include DOS UnErase, so files deleted from FAT partition needs to be handled by Norton Utilities for Windows 95/98. Version 3.0 for Windows 95. Officially announced on 10 November 1997, Norton Utilities 3.0 was the first version of to be included in Norton SystemWorks, it includes Norton WinDoctor, Norton Web Services, LiveUpdate Pro, Norton CrashGuard 3.0, Norton Zip Rescue , Norton System Doctor, Norton SpeedStart, Norton Optimization Wizard, Speed Disk. Via the use of LiveUpdate, a Speed Disk patch is available to take advantage of Windows 98's application launch enhancements. Marketing. Symantec announced it had sponsored a bug-a-thon between USC and UCLA during the final development stages of the latest product release of Norton Utilities 3.0. The software began shipping on 21 November 1997. Version 4.0. Symantec announced version 4.0 on 16 February 1999. Although the 'for Windows' name was dropped from the products, it still appears in support sites. New additions include Windows 98 support, Norton  SystemCheck, Registry Doctor Scan, Norton WinDoctor, Connection Doctor, Norton Wipe Info, Norton CrashGuard 4.0, Norton Zip Rescue, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton UnErase, a six-month subscription to Norton Web Services for $6.95. Marketing. On 13 May 1999, Symantec offered price reduction and rebates on Norton SystemWorks 2.0 and Norton Utilities 4.0. Early order includes Net Nanny Internet filter software. Release 2000 (Version 4.5). With this release, Symantec changed the naming scheme to incorporate the year of release. Marketed as Norton Utilities 2000, this was the final version to run solely on the Windows 9x platform. It includes Norton Speed  Disk, Norton System Check, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton Zip Rescue, free 3-month subscription to Norton Web Services. Release 2001 (Version 5.0). Announced on 29 August 2000, the 2001 edition supports Windows 95, 98, ME, Windows NT and Windows 2000. It includes Norton Speed Disk, Norton Optimization Wizard, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton WinDoctor, Norton System Doctor, and Norton System Check. Disk tools now supports USB and FireWire drives. Release 2002 (Version 6.0). In anticipation of major changes to the Norton product lineup, no new features were introduced in this release. NU 2002 introduced Windows XP compatibility while dropping support for  Windows 95. Utilities include Norton Speed Disk, Norton System Doctor, Norton UnErase, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton WinDoctor, System Information and Wipe Info. Release 2003. For the next six years, Norton Utilities will cease to exist as standalone product, instead becoming part of Norton SystemWorks starting 2003. SystemWorks is essentially an expanded version of Norton Utilities with additional features, antivirus protection and disk backup tool. Release 2004. It was only included with Norton SystemWorks 2004. Release 2005. It was only included with Norton SystemWorks 2005. It supports Windows 98 or higher. It includes Norton Protection, Speed Disk, Norton Optimization Wizard, Norton  System Doctor, UnErase Wizard, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton WinDoctor, System Information, Wipe Info, Image, Norton File Compare, Norton Registry Editor, Norton Registry Tracker, and Explorer Shell Extension. Release 2007. It was only included with Norton SystemWorks 2007. Version 14.0. The revival of Norton Utilities as standalone software was announced on 3 February 2009, along with the discontinuation of Norton SystemWorks, which it replaces as Symantec's flagship PC tune-up suite. This version added 64-bit support on Windows XP and Vista. It includes Registry Defragmenter, Registry Cleaners, Disk Cleaner, Disk Defragmenter, Startup Manager, Service Manager, Restore Center, System Optimizer , Process Viewer, and Performance Test. The product license was changed to allow the software to be installed on up to three household PCs. Critical Receptions. "PC Pro" rated Norton Utilities 14 with 1 star (out of 6) for “an overpriced collection of optimization tools that falls far short of its promise. IT Reviews called the package “light on features compared to rivals” and it questioned the “usefulness of some of the monitoring utilities. "PC Advisor" criticized Norton Utilities 14 for delivering “little that you can't already do with Windows”, although it did acknowledge that it brought two things to  the table: “The registry tools, which are useful, and the performance monitor, which is interesting but not always useful.” Premier edition. Symantec has released a version of Norton Utilities which is called Norton Utilities Premier Edition. It has all features of Norton Utilities plus Norton Online Backup. It is also compatible with Windows 7. It was released on 14 October 2009. Version 15.0. Norton Utilities 15.0 includes features from the discontinued Norton SystemWorks. It includes Norton Speed Disk, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton UnErase, Registry Restore, Registry Defragmenter, Registry Cleaner, Disk Cleaner, Disk Defragmenter, Startup Manager, Service Manager, Restore Center, System  Optimizer, Process Viewer, and Performance Test. This version also includes a new GUI. Version 16.0. Norton Utilities 16.0 includes features from Norton SystemWorks. It includes Application Uninstaller, Norton Speed Disk, Norton Disk Doctor, Norton UnErase, Registry Restore, Registry Defragmenter, Registry Cleaner, Disk Cleaner, Duplicate File Finder, Disk Defragmenter, Startup Manager, Service Manager, Restore Center, System Optimizer, System Dashboard, Process Viewer, Performance Test and Smart Updates. New features include Duplicate File Finder, System Dashboard, Application Uninstaller, Windows 8 Compatibility. Norton Utilities for Macintosh. Norton Utilities for Macintosh was a separate utility suite for the Mac OS, providing much of the same  features as the equivalent Windows version. Version 1.0. Originally released in 1990, requiring a Mac Plus with 1 MB of system memory. The included disk tools support the HFS file system only. Support for the Apple Hard Disk 20 was not explicitly mentioned. When Apple released System 7, Norton Utilities for the Macintosh needed to be updated in order to run safely. This proved to be a recurring story in the history of the utility; early versions were highly regarded for a while, but proved to be hazardous when used with newer disk structures and operating systems before being updated . Version 2.0. Originally released in 1992. It includes Disk Editor, Norton Backup for Macintosh. It also added features in Symantec Utilities for Macintosh II. Version 3.x. 3.0 was originally released in August 1994. It supports PowerPC but Speed Disk 3.0 can cause data loss. Version 3.2. Released in October 1995, v3.2 added support for volumes larger than 4 GB, up to 2 TB to match System 7.5.2 disk size limit. This edition was bundled with new Small Business Macintosh 6500/250 and 4400/200. Version 3.5. Announced on 12 May 1997, v3.5 is the first version of Norton Utilities for Macintosh to  ship on CD-ROM. This version supports Macs with Motorola 68020-68040 processors and G3 PowerMacs running Mac OS 7.1-8.6. It includes Norton CrashGuard, Speed Disk, Norton Disk Doctor, Disk Editor, FileSaver, UnErase, Volume Recover, Wipe Info, System Info, Disk Light, FastFind. Norton CrashGuard replaced Norton Fastback and Floppier. Version 4.0. Announced on 14 September 1998. For the first time, Norton Utilities can run natively on PowerPC Mac computers. Version 4.0 is compatible with PowerPC Macs (up to G3) running Mac OS 7.5 and above (up to 8.6) and adds Mac OS Extended Format (HFS+) file system support. Features  include Norton Disk Doctor, File Saver, UnErase, and Volume Recover, Norton CrashGuard. Version 5.0. Announced on 21 July 1999, v5.0 is compatible with PowerPC G3 and G4 Macs running Mac OS 8.0-9.1. An update was available to make the software compatible with Mac OS 9. Version 6.0. Announced on 25 October 2000, v6.0 supports PowerPC Macs running Mac OS 8.1 and above. Major features include Norton FileSaver and Speed Disk. Version 7.0. Version 7.0 runs on Mac OS 8 and OS 9, and added Mac OS X support. Mac OS X tools run on PowerPC G3 Mac (except Beige  G3). However, the Mac OS X tools have not been tested on Mac OS X later than 10.2.6, and is known to be incompatible with Mac OS X 10.3 (Panther). Features: Norton Disk Doctor, Speed Disk, FileSaver, UnErase, Volume Recover, LiveUpdate. Speed Disk does not run on Mac OS X, except by booting with Norton Utilities 7.0 CD. Version 8.0. The package of v8.0 was simply labeled 'Norton Utilities 8.0', but it was called Norton Utilities for Macintosh 8.0 in support pages. All Mac OS X tools now run natively, but the CD can still boot into Mac OS 9 . It includes Wipe Info, Speed Disk, Volume Recover, Norton FileSaver, UnErase, LiveUpdate. 8.0.1 added support of Mac OS X 10.3. 8.0.2 added support of G5 model Macintosh released before December 2004, 1.25 GHz eMac, and various Mac G4 notebooks. However, some tools may present errors when running Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger). End of life. In 2004, Symantec confirmed it had stopped developing Norton Utilities for Macintosh and Norton SystemWorks for Macintosh, and concentrate its efforts solely on Internet security products for the Mac. Symantec Utilities for Macintosh. Symantec Utilities for Macintosh (SUM) was a set of system utilities from  Symantec, developed before Symantec had acquired Peter Norton Computing. SUM started out as a revised version of the MacZap data recovery tools and included utilities for data recovery, disk partitioning, disk defragmentation, and floppy disk duplication, among others. Later SUM tools may have shared code with Norton Utilities for Macintosh. Some of the functionality from SUM II was incorporated into Norton Utilities 2.0. SUM v1.1 was published in 1988 and required a Mac 512Ke or later system. This version also had limited support for MFS-formatted floppy disks. SUM II was announced for release in August 1989 and included tools  for data backup and data encryption. SUM II v2.0 runs on Macs with System 4.2 or higher and 1 MB of memory. One review mentioned that it was easy to make use of most of SUM II's utilities, but at the same time, the file recovery functionality in SUM II was less automated and required more manual configuration compared to the file recovery functionality in Norton Utilities. In September 1991, version 2.1 of SUM II, which would support System 7, was announced. Norton Utilities for Unix. In 1990, Segue Software developed a Unix version of Norton Utilities, in cooperation  with Peter Norton Computing and INTERACTIVE Systems Corp. This version of Norton Utilities was available up to 1992, when Interactive Systems stopped marketing the software. In February 1994, AlmondSeed Software, Inc. licensed the software and released it as "The Almond Utilities for UNIX". AlmondSeed Software released the Utilities for SCO UNIX and Sun Solaris. Reviews. "BYTE" in 1989 listed Norton Utilities 4.5 for DOS as among the "Distinction" winners of the BYTE Awards, stating that it was "an essential first-aid kit". Darian Graham-Smith of "PC Pro" gave Norton Utilities 14 an overall rating of 2 of 6 stars . He concluded “There's simply no good reason to pay this much for such a flimsy collection of tools.” "PC World" reviewed Norton Utilities 15 and concluded that “Norton Utilities may have outlived its usefulness. If your system isn't running as fast as you think it should, uninstalling unnecessary software and pruning background applications using Windows' own tools or downloadable freebies are a more cost-effective first defense.” A "PC Magazine" review gave Norton Utilities 15 a score 3 of 5 stars. They argued that Norton Utilities is lagging behind competition, adding that “this PC tune-up utility can  give an aged PC a new lease on life, but it lacks some of the features and performance found in competing software.” ITProPortal.com gave Norton Utilities a rating of 6 out of 10. They concluded, “Norton Utilities did a satisfactory job of de-gunking and increasing the overall performance of our test laptop, but it doesn’t stack up well against rival suite System Mechanic 11". TopTenReviews.com gave Norton Utilities a 7.7-star rating out of 10 and said, “Norton Utilities has good help and support features and is above average in terms of ease of use.” Controversies. January 2012  source code hack. On 17 January 2012, Symantec admitted to their network getting hacked. A hacker known as “Yama Tough” obtained Symantec's source code by hacking an Indian Government server. Yama Tough has released parts of the source code, and has threatened to release more. According to Chris Paden, a Symantec spokesman, the source code that was taken was from enterprise products that were between five and six years old. September 2012 source code hack. On 25 September 2012, eight months after the first hack, an affiliate of the hacker group "Anonymous" published the source code for Norton Utilities . Symantec has responded that this was from the same code leaked in January 2012. They have confirmed that the leak included source code for 2006 versions of Norton Utilities, pcAnywhere and Norton AntiVirus. 2018 Allegations of SpinRite source code theft. In June 2018 Steve Gibson alleged in his weekly podcast "Security Now!", that Norton's Disk Doctor was not created by Norton but instead was reverse engineered from his ubiquitous SpinRite software without permission or attribution. This, he says, occurred after he refused to accept Peter Norton's bid to purchase SpinRite from him. He claimed proof in that random  numbers he generated for BIOS checking were left unchanged in Disk Doctor presumably because Norton's software engineers didn't know their purpose. Also Norton eventually abandoned Disk Doctor as they didn't really understand how it worked so couldn't actually support it for users.