Macrobians
The Macrobians (Μακροβίοι) was an ancient Somali Proto-Somali tribal kingdom positioned in the Horn of Africa mentioned by Herodotus. It is one of the legendary peoples postulated at the extremity of the known world (from the perspective of the Greeks), in this case in the extreme south contrasting with the Hyperboreans in the extreme east. History. According to Herodotus' account, the Persian Emperor Cambyses II upon his conquest of Egypt (525 BC) sent ambassadors to Macrobia, bringing luxury gifts for the Macrobian king to entice his submission. The Macrobian ruler, who was elected based at least in part  on stature, replied instead with a challenge for his Persian counterpart in the form of an unstrung bow: if the Persians could manage to string it, they would have the right to invade his country; but until then, they should thank the gods that the Macrobians never decided to invade their empire. Culture. According to Herodotus, the Macrobians practiced an elaborate form of embalming. The Macrobians preserved the bodies of the dead by first extracting moisture from the corpses, then overlaying the bodies with a type of plaster, and finally decorating the exterior in vivid colors in order to imitate  the deceased as realistically as possible. They then placed the body in a hollow crystal pillar, which they kept in their homes for a period of about a year. This is described by Herodotus in the following quote: People. In the fith Century BC, the Greek historian Herodotus refers to a race called the Macrobians who dwelled by the Red Sea. These people were famous for their longevity (an average age of 120 years) due to their diet that mainly comprises meat and milk. They were also, according to Herodotus, the "tallest and most handsome among all men". Because of  their postulated location, they are often associated with modern Somalis, a point of view affirmed by Mamta Agarwal, who wrote "these people were none other than the inhabitants of Somalia, opposite the Red Sea. However, the story of Cambyses' military invasion has also been identified with the Kushite Empire, against whom Persia clearly campaigned; Stanley Burnstein sees the movement of the target of Cambysses' invasion from the Nile Valley to the Horn of Africa as a literary trick intended to further emphasize the "madness and tyranny [Herodotus'] Egyptian informants claimed characterized [Cambyses'] reign."