Super Optimal Broth
Super Optimal Broth (SOB medium) is a nutrient-rich bacterial growth medium used for microbiological culture, generally of "Escherichia coli". This nutrient-rich microbial broth contains peptides, amino acids, water soluble vitamins and glucose in a low-salt formulations. It was developed by Douglas Hanahan in 1983 and is an adjusted version of the commonly used LB medium (lysogeny broth). Growth of "E. coli" in SOB or SOC medium results in higher transformation efficiencies of plasmids. SOC medium can also be used to regenerate "Klebsiella oxytoca" strains for the improved transformation efficiency. Super Optimal broth with Catabolite  repression (SOC) is SOB with added glucose. Composition. SOC. In addition to the SOB contents, SOC also contains 20mM glucose (3.603 g) Alternatively, SOB and SOC can be made by adding small amounts of concentrated magnesium chloride and glucose solutions to pre-prepared SOB. pH adjustment. For maximum effectiveness, SOB/SOC media should have its pH adjusted to 7.0 by adding concentrated sodium hydroxide. The original literature states that the pH of the final medium should be between 6.8 and 7.0. Sterilization. Finally, the SOB medium should be autoclaved at 121 °C to ensure sterility. The components of SOC  medium should not be autoclaved together because the high temperature can cause the glucose to react with tryptic peptides (see Maillard reaction), compromising the quality. SOB and magnesium and glucose additive solutions can be autoclaved separately and mixed afterwards to final concentrations. Complete SOC can be filter sterilized through a 0.22 μm filter.