1800 and 1801 United States Senate elections
The 1800 and 1801 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate that, coinciding with their election to the White House, also led to the Democratic-Republican Party taking control of the United States Senate. Although the Federalists began the next (7th) Congress with a slim majority, they lost their majority shortly thereafter due to mid-year special elections. By the time the first proper session of the 7th Congress met in December 1801, three seats had been gained by the Democratic-Republicans, leaving them with an overall majority of  17 seats and a Government trifecta. As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Change in composition. Before the November elections. After the November 6, 1800 special election in New York. Race summaries. Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage. Special elections during the preceding Congress. In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1801; ordered by election date. Races leading to the next Congress. In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1801; ordered by  state. All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats. Special elections during the next Congress. In these special elections, the winner was seated after March 4, 1801; ordered by election date. Connecticut. Federalist Uriah Tracy was easily re-elected. Maryland. Maryland (Regular). The Maryland legislature failed to elect a senator before the March 4, 1801 beginning of the term.