École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay
The École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay (also ENS Paris-Saclay or Normale Sup' Paris-Saclay), formerly ENS Cachan, is a grande école and a constituent member of Paris-Saclay University. It was established in 1892. It is located in Gif-sur-Yvette within the Essonne department near Paris, Île-de-France, France. ENS Paris-Saclay is one of the most prestigious and selective French "grandes écoles". Like all other "grandes écoles", this elite higher education institution is not included in the mainstream framework of the French public universities. Along with the École normale supérieure (Paris ), ENS Lyon and ENS Rennes, the school belongs to the informal network of French "écoles normales supérieures", forming the top level of research and education in the French higher educational system. In 2014, ENS Paris-Saclay became a founding member of the Paris-Saclay University, an initiative to integrate and combine resources from a number of different "grandes écoles", public universities, and research institutions. The school moved in 2019 to a new campus located in the commune of Gif-sur-Yvette on the Saclay plateau, France's "Silicon Valley," where it will be near other members of the Paris-Saclay  research-intensive and business cluster. Overview. "École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay" is a "Grande École", a French institution of higher education that is separate from, but parallel and connected to the main framework of the French public university system. Similar to the Ivy League in the United States, Oxbridge in the UK, and C9 League in China, "Grandes Écoles" are elite academic institutions that admit students through an extremely competitive process. "Grandes Écoles" typically they have much smaller class sizes and student bodies than public universities in France, and many of their programs are taught in English. While most "Grandes  Écoles" are more expensive than French universities, "École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay" charges the same tuition fees: €243 annually for the Master’s degree in 2021/2022. International internships, study abroad opportunities, and close ties with government and the corporate world are a hallmark of the "Grandes Écoles". Degrees from "École normale supérieure" are accredited by the "Conférence des Grandes Écoles" and awarded by the Ministry of National Education (France) (). Alums go on to occupy elite positions within government, administration, and corporate firms in France. The main mission of ENS Paris-Saclay is to train world-class academics, but it  is also a starting point for public administrative or private executive careers. It recruits mostly from the very competitive "classes préparatoires" (see also Grande École). Students of the ENS Paris-Saclay who passed the entrance exam are civil servants and are known as "normaliens". Normaliens are paid a monthly salary (around €1300 ) by the French government, and are required to have an academic career or work for a French public administration for six years after their four-year curriculum at the ENS is completed. ENS Paris-Saclay also recruits other university students; the latter are not required to work  for a French public administration but are not paid either. Students follow the standard university curriculum (Licence, Master, and most of the time PhD). They are encouraged -though it is not mandatory- to take then the Agrégation competitive examination. There are 17 departments : the scientific departments of Biology, Mathematics, Computer Science, Fundamental Physics, Chemistry; the engineering departments of Electronics, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering; Economics and Management, Social Sciences, Languages, Design. ENS Paris-Saclay cooperates with many foreign universities, for example in student exchange programs. One of them is MONABIPHOT developed in cooperation with Wrocław University of Technology in Poland, Complutense  or Carlos III University of Madrid in Spain, MIT, Oxford, Humboldt. Admission. The admission to the ENS Paris-Saclay as "normalien" is made through a highly competitive entrance examination, and requires at least two years of preparation after high school in Classes Préparatoires (Scientific (BCPST, MPSI, PCSI...), Literary (B/L) and Business sections (Economics and Management)). The ENS Paris-Saclay recruits every year 360 normaliens and 800 degree seeking students. Curriculum. Though "normaliens" follow the standard university curriculum, they have the opportunity to pursue their studies in other "grandes écoles" such as Sciences Po, HEC, École Polytechnique and the ENSAE  without having to take an entrance exam (or only a part of it). Normaliens can join the "Grands Corps techniques d'Etat" or prepare the ENA entrance exam.