Pogali
Pogali or Poguli is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Its area encompasses the Pogal and Paristan valleys, and currently falls within the boundaries of Ramban district's Pogal Paristan tehsil. Like its neighbours Sarazi and Rambani, Pogali is intermediate between Kashmiri and Western Pahari. History. The foreign writers have studied surveys like Grierson, Bailey, and Peter Hook and have mentioned them in their reports. It is also mentioned in the linguistic survey of India as well. Pogal as it existed in the 17th and 18th centuries and the  Pogali Dialect. Before Dogra rule, the Rajwada, or Kingdom was a single administrative entity stretching from Chounthan Paristan to “Rampadi” or “Kishtwar Rund” in Chamalwas and extending all the way to the Daing Bhattal area (now Gool).The Raja was directly under the control of the sovereign state of Kishtwar and was given two pigeons every year. This was a symbolic gesture, a mark of acceptance of the supremacy of the kingdom of Kishtwar. The area beyond Pogal includes the Neel and Paristan mountainous regions. Pogal is bordered on the east by Kishtwar, and on the south by Ramban and Siraj , in which different dialects are spoken. The Pogali-speaking people reside mainly to the south, south-east, and south-west of Banihal. The Rajas lived in a fort called Kharwan fort falls within the current Village of Dhanmasta. It is said that the whole area was under the control of kishtwar kingdom, Pogal Paristan. There were small local lords also who were controlling various localities under him also.In other parts also, there were small local heads who were also called Rai. In 1821, Gulab Singh conquered Kishtwar from Raja Tegh Mohammad Singh (alias Saifullah Khan), which marked the end  of the small kingdom of Pogal Paristan also. This area was also brought under the direct control of Gulab Singh, the founder of Dogra rule. Zaildari Nazam was introduced and they were the representatives of the Dogras in the area. The authentic history of the Pogali dialect is available in the literature at national level and research work has been conducted by western linguists, most recently by Peter H. Hook, a professor at Michigan University USA. As per Koul and Schmidt (1984), Poguli shares many linguistic features, including 70% of vocabulary, with Kashmiri. The main villages where Poguli is spoken  are Pogal, Paristan, Ukhral, Shaligad, Neel, Khari, Bingara, Senabhati, Ganoaut, Sarbagni, Shagan area, Chamalvas, Amkote, Tregam, Allanbass, Chunthan, Bamanhall, Pingloga Bass, Maligam, Panchal, Kharvaan, Dradhi, Ramsu, Magarkot, Chanjloo (now called as Toibabad) and Phagu Nowkote area of Banihal, Kabhi, Bhatni, Parnoat, Gugwal, Maitra and many other small pockets of Ramban, Lar area of Gulabghar etc. Even now, pogli-speaking people have migrated to different places in the erstwhile JK state viz. Katra, Chenani, Udhampur, Nagraota Bhatindi, Sidra, Sujwaan, Samba, Gandherbal, Islamabad, etc. Grierson (1919) regards Poguli as a branch of Kashmiri language. Sir George Grierson, an ICS officer and a  renowned linguist, appointed by the British Indian Government to conduct a linguistic survey of Indian languages and dialects, has, no doubt, rendered monumental service to the cause of studies in Indian languages. The Linguistic Survey of India (LSI) is a comprehensive survey of the languages of British India, describing 364 languages and dialects. It started in 1894, and after great and dedicated efforts, it took thirty years to accomplish the task. Finally, the last results were published in 1928. As per Grierson (1919) and Kachru (1969), Kashmiri has two regional dialects, namely Kishtwari and Pogali, which are spoken outside the  Kashmir Valley. Poguli has no written tradition and no published literature other than some folk songs printed locally. After the early sketches published in Bailey (1908) and Grierson (1919), it has received very little attention from linguists. In the recent past, some writers have made an effort to write prose and poetry in the said dialect, but this has not been popularised in the manner it should have been. The issue related to the origin or genealogical classification of Kashmiri has been discussed at length by Grierson, who has placed Kashmiri under the Dardic group of languages. He has classified  Dardic languages under three major groups:- According to his classification, the Dardic Group includes Shina, Kashmiri, Kishtwari, Pogali, Sarazi, Rambani, and Kohistani – the last comprising Garwi, Torwali and Maiya. It cannot be therefore recognized as a dialect of Kashmiri. However, Kishtwari and Pogali probably are the only two regional dialects of Kashmiri spoken outside the valley of Kashmir.