Dimitris Papaioannou
Dimitris Papaioannou (; born 21 June 1964) is a Greek experimental theater stage director, choreographer and visual artist who drew media attention and acclaim with his creative direction of the Opening Ceremony of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. His varied career spans three decades and has seen him conceive and direct stage works for the Athens Concert Hall, Edafos Dance Theatre and Elliniki Theamaton, work as a costume, set and make-up designer, and published over 40 comics. Fine arts training. Born in Athens, Papaioannou, an Athens College graduate, showed a flair for fine art from an early age , and studied under the renowned Greek painter Yannis Tsarouchis for three years in his mid-teens. At 19, he earned himself a place at the Athens School of Fine Arts, entering the institution with the highest marks attained by any student, and there studying under Dimitris Mytaras and Rena Papaspyrou. Early recognition. Papaioannou first attracted attention as a visual artist, illustrator and comic book creator. He presented his art work at a number of exhibitions, produced illustrations for numerous magazines, and designed and co-edited the countercultural fanzine "Kontrosol sto Haos" (1986–1992), one of the few publications to include openly  gay content at that time in Greece. He also contributed to the Greek gay activist magazine "To Kraximo" (1981–1994) in the early 1980s, and gave an interview to the publication in 1993. Moreover, he published over 40 comics in Greek alternative comics magazines such as "Babel" and "Para Pende", many of which incorporated gay themes and explicit images (such as 1986's "Rock 'n' Roll", 1988's "My Ex-Boyfriend", and 1993's "Heart-Shaped Earth"). He was awarded first prize in a competition organised by Marseille Public Transport Authority at the 5th Biennial of Young Artists from Europe and  the Mediterranean, held in Marseille in 1990, for his comic "Un Bon Plan". Dance training. Papaioannou began to take an interest in dance and the performing arts while still at the Athens School of Fine Arts, training and experimenting as a performer and choreographer, as well as a costume, set and make-up designer with dance companies in Greece. In 1986, Papaioannou took a trip to New York City where he was introduced to the Erick Hawkins Technique at the dancer and choreographer's studio, and where he attended seminars on Butoh given by Maureen Fleming at La MaMa E.T.C.  While in the United States, he choreographed and performed in the 1986 opera "The Monk and the Hangman's Daughter", directed by Ellen Stewart and presented in Baltimore. Edafos Dance Theatre (1986–2002). Upon his return to Athens in 1986, he founded Edafos Dance Theatre (έδαφος meaning "ground" in Greek) with Angeliki Stellatou, and went on to conceive, direct, choreograph and produce all 17 of the company's productions over its 16 years of life (the company disbanded in 2002). The group's four early works – "The Mountain–The Raincoat" in 1987, and "Room I–Room II" in 1988 – represented Greece  at the 3rd and 4th Biennials of Young Artists from Europe and the Mediterranean, held in Barcelona and Bologna respectively, and were warmly received by the press – Stefano Casi of the Italian "L'Unità" described the company as “the revelation of the Festival” in 1988. In 1989, Papaioannou left Greece for Germany to work as an unpaid trainee assistant to Robert Wilson in Hamburg as he prepared "The Black Rider: The Casting of the Magic Bullets" with Tom Waits and William S. Burroughs. He then accompanied Wilson to Berlin to act as a stand-in for the lights for his production  of "Orlando". Papaioannou, once back in Athens, created "The Last Song of Richard Strauss" in collaboration with the visual artist Nikos Alexiou in 1990, the first in a series of critical successes for the Edafos Dance Theatre company. "The Last Song" was incorporated into the 1991 trilogy "The Songs", which was selected to represent Greece the following year at both the 6th Biennial from Young Artists of Europe and the Mediterranean in Valencia and at the Seville Expo '92. "The Songs" was also seen by the then Greek Minister for Culture Melina Mercouri, who secured regular state funding for the  company. "Moons" followed in 1992, a two-part work that drew upon the poetry of Sappho and the ballet "Le Spectre de la Rose", but it was 1993's "Medea" that was to prove the company's greatest success. This dance-theatre retelling of the Medea myth was performed 52 times by the year 2000, touring festivals and venues across Europe and the Mediterranean region, visiting New York City, and representing Greece at the Lisbon Expo '98. In her review of the 1998 performance of "Medea" at the 12th Lyon Dance Biennial, Anna Kisselgoff of "The New York Times" describes  the production as "the festival's big surprise", praising its "extraordinary passion" and "striking intensity". "Medea" was named "Best Choreography" at the Greek National Awards for Dance in 1994. Other major Edafos Dance Theatre works include: 1995's "A Moment's Silence", the first Greek stage work to deal directly with the issue of AIDS (a topic Papaioannou also tackled in his 1987 comic "The Red Freckles on Your Skin"), presented the world première of "The Songs of Sin", a cycle of songs written by the Oscar-winning composer Manos Hadjidakis, and of the specially commissioned "Requiem for the End  of Love" by composer Yorgos Koumendakis. "A Moment's Silence" was dedicated to the memory of Alexis Bistikas, who died of AIDS in 1995. 1995's "Xenakis' Oresteia – The Aeschylus Suite", a retelling of Aeschylus' "Oresteia" set to the music of Iannis Xenakis and performed at the Ancient Epidaurus Theatre as part of the Epidaurus Festival. 1999's "Human Thirst", a collection of six short choreographies that included 1990's "The Last Song of Richard Strauss", won awards for "Best Production" and "Best Female Performance" (Angeliki Stellatou) at the Greek National Awards for Dance. Outside Greece, the production was performed  in Cyprus, France and the United Kingdom. 2001's "For Ever", a non-narrative work that proved to be the last Edafos Dance Theatre production, was performed for the final time in Athens in the summer of 2002. The work was named "Best Production" at the Greek National Awards for Dance. Other work (1986–2000). Beyond his work with Edafos Dance Theatre, Papaioannou undertook a number of other projects between 1986 and 2000. He directed two operas for the Athens Megaron Concert Hall: Thanos Mikroutsikos's "The Return of Helen" in 1999 (which was also performed at the Montpellier Opera in  France and the Teatro Verdi in Florence, Italy), and Bellini's "La Sonnambula" in 2000. He also directed two stage shows for the Greek singer Haris Alexiou (1995's "Nefeli" and 1998's "Tree"), and two for Alkistis Protopsalti (1998's "Volcano" and 2000's "A Tale"). As a choreographer, Papaioannou worked with the Greek National Theatre, the National Theatre of Northern Greece, Lefteris Vogiatzis' nea SKINI theatre company, and the Athens Festival (a 1994 show with George Dalaras), and created choreographies for two works directed by the Oscar-nominated director Michael Cacoyannis: 1994's "Theodora", written and performed by  Irene Papas, and the 1995 production of Luigi Cherubini's opera "Medea", for which he also produced the costumes. He also designed sets and costumes for the Greek National Opera, and a number of Greek theatre and dance companies. As a performer, he worked with numerous Greek dance companies, including OKTANA Dance Theatre. His film work included performances in Menelaos Karamagiolis' 1998 feature film "Black Out p.s. Red Out" and the 1990 film short "The Kiss" by Alexis Bistikas (which saw him engage in an on-screen kiss with the actor Stavros Zalmas), and sets for Bistikas' 1989 film short  The Marbles. Post-Edafos work. Athens 2004 Olympic Ceremonies. In 2001, Papaioannou was appointed Artistic Director of the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games by Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, President of the Athens 2004 Organising Committee for the Olympic Games. Three years in the making, the Opening Ceremony was hailed a "triumph" by "Time" magazine and "The Times" of London. In 2005, following the success of the Athens 2004 Olympic Ceremonies, Papaioannou received the Golden Cross of the Order of Honour, awarded by the President of the Hellenic Republic for outstanding artistic achievement. Section::::"2". On 24 November  2006, Papaioannou premièred "2" in Athens, his first work following his creative direction of the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. "2" was produced in collaboration with the electronic music composer K.BHTA for the production company Elliniki Theamaton. A "dissection of the male psyche", the production commanded a large of amount of Greek press attention, not least for its open references to homosexuality. "2" proved a commercial success; its run was extended twice and over 100,000 tickets were sold in total. The work seems to draw upon a range of influences, including the work of Jean  Genet, René Magritte and Robert Wilson. Inspiration for the show also came partly from Papaioannou's experiences as a gay man in Greece. "Contemporary" magazine described "2" as an "inspiring" work that "captures the zeitgeist". A DVD of "2", produced and directed for the screen by Athina Rachel Tsangari of HAOS FILM, was released on 11 December 2007 by Elliniki Theamaton and Modern Times. INSIDE "Inside" is a large-scale on-stage experiment by Dimitris Papaioannou that took place in a room set inside the Pallas Theatre in central Athens. Inside this room, for twenty nights in the Spring of  2011, a simple series of movements documenting our daily return home was uniformly repeated by thirty performers in countless combinations and superimpositions. Six hours on stage with no beginning, middle or end. Visitors could watch as much as they liked, sit wherever they liked, exit and re-enter as many times as they liked. The stage action began before visitors came in, and continued after they left. "Inside" encouraged audiences to treat the theatre as an exhibition space and the work as an exhibit, and to watch the action as if gazing at a landscape. "Inside" was conceived as a  kind of visual meditation. The work was developed along two parallel trains of thought. On the one hand, with a view to the emotional charge that is created when we sense the similarity of all human beings inside their nest. And on the other, an interest in the form of the artwork itself — in how a single motif can become a kind of latent narrative through its repetition and multiplication (like on ancient Greek Geometric vases and Eastern patterned carpets). "Inside"’s final night was filmed in a single, six-hour take and first presented as a video installation as  part of “Ανταλλαγή / Austausch / Exchange”, a 2012 Goethe-Institut art project curated by Sofia Dona, at the Broadway open-air cinema in Athens. The following year, it was projected one summer night at the Kalamata International Dance Festival's open-air Castle Amphitheatre. STILL LIFE "Still Life" premiered at the Onassis Cultural Center - Athens on May 23, 2014. "Still Life" springs from a meditation upon the myth of Sisyphus, who was sentenced to a weird kind of immortality: he would roll a huge rock up to the top of a mountain, only for the rock to roll back down. He  would then walk down in order to roll the rock up again. Over and over, eternally. Sisyphus is like a working class hero. While creating "Still Life", Dimitris Papaioannou thought a lot about the human crave for meaning, and about the absurdity of the human condition, rooted in matter but yearning for spirit. He was thinking about Albert Camus, and about work as meaning in and of itself. At the same time, Dimitris Papaioannou concentrated deeply on simplicity, interaction with real materials, and silence — musically-composed silence. "Still Life" is a work about work. About confronting physical matter in order  to elevate our existence above it. It is an attempt towards a kind of theatre that generates meditative energy through simple actions, and encourages an emotional journey through optical illusions.