VCard
vCard, also known as VCF (Virtual Contact File), is a file format standard for electronic business cards. vCards can be attached to e-mail messages, sent via Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), on the World Wide Web, instant messaging or through QR code. They can contain name and address information, phone numbers, e-mail addresses, URLs, logos, photographs, and audio clips. vCard is used as data interchange format in smartphone contacts, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal information managers (PIMs) and customer relationship management (CRMs). To accomplish these data interchange applications, other "vCard variants" have been used and proposed as "variant  standards", each for its specific niche: XML representation, JSON representation, or web pages. An unofficial vCard Plus format, makes use of a URL to a customized landing page with all the basic information along with a profile photo, maps location and other fields. This can also be saved as a contact file on smartphones. Overview. The standard Internet media type (MIME type) for a vCard has varied with each version of the specification: vCard information is common in web pages: the "free text" content is human-readable but not machine-readable. As technologies evolve, the "free text" (HTML) was adapting  to be also machine-readable. RDFa with the vCard Ontology can be used in HTML and various XML-family languages e.g. SVG, MathML. Related formats. jCard, "The JSON Format for vCard" is a standard proposal of 2014 in . This proposal has not yet become a widely used standard. The RFC 7095 does not use real JSON objects, but rather uses arrays of sequence-dependent tag-value pairs (like an XML file). hCard is a microformat that allows a vCard to be embedded inside an HTML page. It makes use of CSS class names to identify each vCard property. Normal HTML  markup and CSS styling can be used alongside the hCard class names without affecting the webpage's ability to be parsed by a hCard parser. h-card is the microformats2 update to hCard. Properties. vCard defines the following property types. All vCards begin with codice_1 and end with codice_2. All vCards must contain the codice_3 property, which specifies the vCard version. codice_3 must come immediately after codice_5, except in the vCard 2.1 standard, which allows it to be anywhere in the vCard. Otherwise, properties can be defined in any order.