Clemence Dane
Clemence Dane CBE is the pseudonym of Winifred Ashton (21 February 1888 – 28 March 1965), an English novelist and playwright. Life and career. After completing her education, Dane went to Switzerland to work as a French tutor, but returned home after a year. She studied art in London and Germany. After the First World War, she taught at a girls' school and began writing. She took the pseudonym "Clemence Dane" from the church, St Clement Danes on the Strand, London. Her first novel, "Regiment of Women," written in 1917, was a study of life in a girls' school . In 1919 she wrote "Legend", the story of a group of acquaintances who debate the meaning of a dead friend's life and work. Dane's 1921 play, "A Bill of Divorcement", tells the story of a daughter who cares for her deranged father and faces the fact that his mental illness may be hereditary. The smash hit play was adapted for the screen three times, using the same title as the play: a silent film in 1922, a 1932 film starring Katharine Hepburn and John Barrymore, and a 1940 film starring Maureen O’Hara and Adolphe Menjou. Dane began writing  screenplays as well as novels. She co-wrote the screenplay for "Anna Karenina", starring Greta Garbo. The pinnacle of Dane's success was winning an Academy Award with Anthony Pelissier for the film "Perfect Strangers", released in the United States as "Vacation from Marriage", starring Robert Donat and Deborah Kerr as a married couple transformed by their experiences in the Second World War. Dane, at the age of 30, was one of the women eligible to vote for the first time under the Representation of the People Act 1918. Her opinions on "The Women's Side" were published in 1926  and she argued that women should do more with their freedom. She compared the modern girl's choices with the popular gambling card game Speculation in Jane Austen's Mansfield Park. She wrote for "Time and Tide" and was a member of the Six Point Group. Dane's 1931 novel "Broome Stages" followed the fortunes of an acting family from the time of Queen Anne to the present. "Broome Stages" became a surprise bestseller. Dane and Helen de Guerry Simpson, both members of the Detection Club, wrote three detective novels together featuring their creation Sir John Saumarez. The first, "Enter  Sir John", was filmed by Alfred Hitchcock in 1930 as "Murder!" and in a German-language version as "Mary". Dane contributed to the Club's serials "The Scoop" and "The Floating Admiral". Dane's " The Arrogant History of White Ben" (1939) is a dystopian novel set in a politically unstable near future. Dane's last play, "Eighty in the Shade" (1959) was written for and starred her friend, Dame Sybil Thorndike. Dane is believed to be the template for the character Madame Arcati, the eccentric medium in her friend Noël Coward's play, "Blithe Spirit". The National Portrait Gallery contains  two works by Dane, both of Coward. One is an oil painting and the other is a bronze bust. The gallery also contains a portrait of Dane by Frederic Yates. According to Arthur Marshall, she was famous for her indecent, though entirely innocent, remarks. "The physical side of life had passed her by, together with the words, slang and otherwise, that accompany it. Time and again she settled for an unfortunate word or phrase. Inviting Noël Coward to lunch during the war, when food was difficult, she boomed encouragement down the telephone; 'Do come! I've got such a lovely  cock.' ('I do wish you'd call it a hen', Noel answered). To use correctly, in a literary sense, the words 'erection', 'tool' and 'spunk' was second nature to her. When wishing to describe herself as being full of life and creative energy, she chose, not really very wisely, the word 'randy'." In 1955, Dane edited the "Novels of Tomorrow" series for publisher Michael Joseph. This was a series of science fiction novels featuring such authors as John Wyndham, Robert Sheckley, and Cyril M. Kornbluth. Dane also wrote a book on the history of Covent Garden (where she lived for  a number of years) titled "London has a Garden and" published in 1964. By the time of her death in London, on 28 March 1965, Dane had written more than 30 plays and 16 novels.