Christina's World
Christina's World is a 1948 painting by American painter Andrew Wyeth and one of the best-known American paintings of the mid-20th century. It is a tempera work done in a realist style, depicting a woman semi-reclining on the ground in a treeless, mostly tawny field, looking up at a gray house on the horizon; a barn and various other small outbuildings are adjacent to the house. It is owned by the Museum of Modern Art in New York as part of its permanent collection. Background. The woman in the painting is Anna Christina Olson  (May 3, 1893 – January 27, 1968). Anna had a degenerative muscular disorder which meant that she had not been able to walk since she was about 30 years old. She was firmly against using a wheelchair, so she would crawl everywhere. Wyeth was inspired to create the painting when he saw her crawling across a field while he was watching from a window in the house. He had a summer home in the area and was on friendly terms with Olson, using her and her younger brother as the subjects of paintings from 1940 to 1968. Olson was the inspiration  and subject of the painting, but she was not the primary model; Wyeth's wife Betsy posed as the torso of the painting. Olson was 55 at the time that Wyeth created the work. The house depicted in the painting is known as the Olson House in Cushing, Maine, and is open to the public, operated by the Farnsworth Art Museum. It is a National Historic Landmark and has been restored to match its appearance in the painting, although Wyeth separated the house from its barn and changed the lay of the land for the painting. Reception and history. "Christina 's World" was first exhibited at the Macbeth Gallery in Manhattan in 1948. It received little attention from critics at the time, but Alfred Barr, the founding director of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), bought the painting for $1,800 (equivalent to $ in dollars). He promoted it at MoMA and it gradually grew in popularity over the years. Today, it is considered an icon of American art and is rarely loaned out by the museum. In popular culture. In Arthur C. Clarke's novel "", "Christina's World" is one of the two paintings (the other one being Vincent  van Gogh's "Bridge at Arles") hanging on the living room wall of "an elegant, anonymous hotel suite" to which the astronaut David Bowman is transported after passing through the Star Gate. It does not appear in directed by Stanley Kubrick. The painting is also part of the sci-fi film "Oblivion" (2013), paying homage to the book "2001: A Space Odyssey". The painting is explicitly referenced on one of the posters of "The Texas Chain Saw Massacre" (1974) in which Leatherface is running between the barn and the house while the lying woman would be Sally Hardesty. In issue  #28 of Garth Ennis's comics series "Preacher", Jesse Custer is sitting in front of the painting in the MoMA, examining it. In issue #43, the story of which is titled "Christina's World", Jesse relates his visit to the museum to his mother, Christina L'Angell, who explains to him that when she first discovered the painting in a book, she thought Wyeth had painted her own life. In addition, the cover to issue #43 by artist Glenn Fabry is a variation of "Christina's World", with Christina in the role of Anna Christina Olson. The painting is shown and  discussed in the 2000 thriller film "The In Crowd". The life of Olson and her encounter with Wyeth is portrayed in the novel "A Piece of the World" by Christina Baker Kline. A print of the painting was seen periodically in the last three seasons of the sitcom "That Girl" (19661971). A scene in the 1994 film "Forrest Gump" was inspired by the painting. When Jenny returns home, she throws herself on the ground and mirrors Olson's pose in reverse. The painting appears in the 2016 film "War on Everyone", during a scene in which Terry looks at a  reproduction hanging on a wall in Jackie's house and comments: "It's kinda creepy. It's like something bad's gonna happen but there's nothing she can do about it." The painting was used as inspiration for the "Farmhouse" chapter in the 2020 video game "The Last of Us Part II". The painting is referenced in the 2020 film "I'm Thinking of Ending Things". Among other artists (The Big Dish, Nancy Priddy), Men Without Hats issued a song titled in homage to the work. The painting is referenced on page 156 of Julia Heaberlin’s novel  We Are All the Same in the Dark. In the novel "Wizard and Glass", book IV of "The Dark Tower" by Stephen King, references are made to the similarities of the painting, and a character, Susannah Dean. In Asghar Farhadi's 2011 Oscar-winning drama "A Separation", the painting features in the living room of Nader and Simin's house. A possible reference in the same film might be an arts-and-crafts project created by their daughter, Termeh, which looks similar to the house in the painting.