Ise katagami
Description. Multiple layers of thin "washi" paper are bonded with a glue extracted from persimmon, which makes a strong flexible brown coloured paper. The designs can be extremely intricate, and consequently fragile. Nowadays the stencils are sometimes sold as artwork, attached to hand fans, or used to decorate screens and doors in Japanese rooms. For kimono printing the stencils are stabilized by attaching them to a fine silk net. In past times, human hair was used instead of silk, but silk is less likely to warp and can be finer. Technique. Three sheets of or Japanese paper are  pasted together with , tannin-rich persimmon juice. The pattern is excised using a variety of tools known as . Four principal cutting techniques are used: The stencils are then used for resist dyeing. Rice paste is passed through the stencil onto silk. When dyed, the color does not adhere to the areas with rice paste. By multiple alignments of the stencil, large areas can be patterned. This technique was developed in France as Silk screen printing. The stencil is not generally used for more than one kimono, though multiple stencils can be cut at the same time. History. The use of  stencils was known by the Nara period, as is evident from objects in the . Later paper stencils developed alongside the kimono. It is known as Ise-katagami since towns in Ise Province, now Mie Prefecture, were historic centres of the craft. Production is now primarily localised around the town of Suzuka. Conservation. Former practitioners (1883-1968), (1907-1973), (1894-1976), (1902-1985), (1909-1992), and (1917-2003) were recognized as . The was founded in 1992. Ise-katagami was designated an in 1993. The Ise-Katagami Stencil Museum in Suzuka opened in 1997.