José María Córdova International Airport
José María Córdova International Airport is an international airport located in the city of Rionegro, south-east of Medellín, and is the second largest airport in Colombia after El Dorado International Airport of Bogotá in terms of infrastructure and passenger service. The airport is named after José María Córdova (sometimes spelled "Córdoba"), a Colombian army general who was a native of Ríonegro. It serves the Medellin Metropolitan Area and is the most important airport in the Antioquia Department; in terms of infrastructure, it is the most important in western Colombia. It's also the main  hub for low-cost airline Viva Colombia. It serves several international destinations, one of the busiest being the route to Miami International Airport. It also serves the most flown route within Colombia: Rionegro-Bogota, which is mainly operated by Avianca, Viva Colombia and LATAM Colombia. In recent years, significant technology and infrastructure upgrades (like the addition of LCD screens and escalators) have been made, making it one of the most recognized airports in Colombia. It now has service to destinations in Europe and has added new destinations in the Americas, along with the Caribbean as well. International destinations include the  United States, Panama, Venezuela, Peru, Mexico, Dominican Republic and Spain. The airport also serves domestic flights to most major Colombian cities such as Bogota, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta and San Andres Island. Freight transport is also one of the strengths of the terminal, providing air transportation to most of the flower exports (and other products) from Antioquia bound to the Americas and Europe. Since its inauguration in 1986 until 1991, the terminal had heavy passenger and cargo movement, in part because the Olaya Herrera Airport was closed during this time. When it reopened in 1991, traffic reduced. Despite the  reduction in domestic traffic since its reopening, there has been a steady increase in international traffic as well as an increase in the number of airlines flying into the airport, including American Airlines, LATAM, TACA, Aerogal. As for cargo airlines, Martinair, Centurion Air Cargo, ABSA, and Florida West International Airways and national freight airlines such as Avianca Cargo, LANCO, and AeroSucre have increased their flights to the terminal. Description. The suburban, large airport serves all major international and domestic routes for the Medellín area, in contrast to the in-town, yet much smaller Olaya Herrera Airport, which serves the Medellín  area with domestic flights only. José María Córdova International Airport is the second-busiest airport in Colombia in total passenger and cargo movement after the El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá. The runway is also used by the nearby military base of the Colombian Air Force located in Rionegro, named Air Combat Command No. 5 (CACOM 5), where all types of military and national police aircraft arrive and depart. The airport has air navigation aids such as VOR, NDB, and ILS, which makes navigation and landings safer in bad weather. Antioquia's exports, mostly flowers and other products from the  region, depart en route to international destinations from these terminals. The cargo operator Avianca Cargo has its main base at the airport, and operates flights to countries in South, Central and North America. Avianca Cargo has a ramp that can accommodate up to ten aircraft. All types of aircraft, including Boeing 747, Douglas DC-10, Boeing 767 are among the most common arrivals at the terminal. In addition, the terminal is near the customs area and airline hangars. The airport is built in a dome shape. It has many restaurants and shops, including a duty-free shop after clearing security. There  are also banks, money exchange, and car rentals services. Avianca has a VIP room, and there is also a VIP airport lounge called "The Lounge Medellin" which is operated by Global Lounge Network. Outside the main building is a parking lot and garage, which includes and an area for motorcycles. Long term parking is also provided. In 2016, the airport handled 7,376,160 passengers, and 6,892,104 in 2017. History. Between 1930 and 1932, three wealthy families in the metropolitan area of Medellín began with the idea of providing the city with an airport, as they were part of the Colombian Air  Navigation Company which sought to carry passengers and mail from the city of Medellín to Puerto Berrio, along the Magdalena River and ultimately connect the cities of Medellín and Bogotá. One of the most important was Gonzalo Mejia, who in a very colloquial manner determined what would be the only place where an airport could be built; this location was later confirmed by the Curtis Wright firm based in New York City. After several obstacles, the city of Medellín finally approved the construction of an unpaved runway about 974 m long, which would later become Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport. Companies  like Saco and Scadta from the cities of Barranquilla and Bogotá soon began service. Then in the 70s the need for a larger airport for the province of Antioquia arose due to the limitations of the Olaya Herrera Airport caused by insufficient space to expand. Two sites were proposed for the new airport: one in the vicinity of the municipality of Barbosa northeast of the city, and another in the valley of San Nicolas in Rionegro, east of the city. The latter was selected and construction began. The airport opened on August 29, 1985. During the same year, Avianca conducted  test flights of its Boeing 747, first on the original runway at Olaya Herrera Airport, and then at the new José María Córdova. During this time the airport had significant movement of cargo and passengers, as the operations from the Olaya Herrera airport declined to almost zero (both airports today have traffic, but the Olaya Herrera airport only serves for domestic flights). José María Córdova is now the main airport for cargo and international flights from Medellín. In January 2006, an Airbus A380 landed at the airport to conduct technical tests of the engines. This was the first time an  plane of that type landed on Colombian soil, and also the first time it happened in South America. In August 2019, a new highway opened, which cut the traveling time from the airport to Medellín from 45 to just 20 minutes. The route includes a tunnel called "Tunel de Oriente". The total cost of the project was 1.1 billion pesos. Renovation and expansion. José María Córdova Airport underwent an expansion in 2017 that expanded the domestic terminal from to and added five new gates to it, along with three new gates for the international terminal. The expansion will increase the  passenger handling capacity to 11 million annually. Within the works, passengers will find security systems, flight information via digital displays, high-tech communication, passenger arrival lounges with shopping, improvement in health services, improvement in firefighting services, and improvement in baggage handling systems. The total cost of the works was 350 billion pesos. The objectives of the renovation and expansion plan are to make the airport a modern facility, improve the comfort of passengers, and to meet the requirements of ICAO, AEROCIVIL (the Colombian civil aviation authority) and IATA. The cargo terminal expansion was completed in February 2020 at a cost  of around $110 million pesos. The terminal went from to . Airlines and destinations. Passenger. The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at the airport.