UEIT - Universal Electronic Test Chart
UEIT - Universal Electronic Test Chart ("УЭИТ - Универсальная электронная испытательная таблица") is a Soviet test card, designed to test TVs operating in the analog SECAM colour standard. UEIT was developed by N. G. Deryugin and V. A. Minaev at the NII Radio Scientific Research Institute as the successor to the black-and-white ТИТ-0249 test card with the informal name of "colour prevention table" (TCP). This was the second attempt by the Soviets to create a colour test card, since a previous attempt from 1954 (the ТИТ-0154 test card) developed in conjunction with an early prototype  Soviet colour television system was abandoned along with said latter system. With the golden jubilee year of the October Revolution in 1967, SECAM colour broadcasts debuted in both Moscow and Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) on their respective local TV channels. Experimental broadcasts using the test pattern began from the Ostankino tower transmitter in 1970, with results being used to create the second (and current) version of the test pattern. This new version (UEIT-2), on air since 1971 (with several GOST-approved modifications until 1986) was used on terrestrial broadcast and on point-to-point links throughout the Soviet Union. The  test card was used on Soviet television services: six national channels ("First Program", All Union Program, Moscow Program, Fourth Program, Fifth program and the Sixth Program) and regional stations. It was also used in some Soviet Republics like Estonian SSR, Latvian SSR and Lithuanian SSR. It continued to be used on post-Soviet times in Russia and some former Soviet republics. The card was replaced by digital versions with the switch to digital broadcasting in Russia by late 2019. Usage and Features. The Universal Electronic Test Chart allowed to adjust image geometry and picture settings such as brightness, contrast and  color saturation. Other more technical adjustments were also possible, such as Cathode-ray tube focus and raster distortions. The card features the following elements: