Same-race discrimination
Under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 of the United States, it is illegal to discriminate against a person or persons because of the color of their skin, their national origin, or racial composition. One form of racism is same-race discrimination, wherein the perpetrator and the object of the discrimination are of the same racial group. It is of interest to note that the first case in the US to reach a Federal court jury to challenge the concept of same-race discrimination did not occur until September 11, 2000, when a case was brought by  race-black licensed boxing promoter Zeke Wilson against a state sports commission headed by a race-black chairman for damage reparations and punitive redress after his right to conduct professional boxing events was violated. In this case, race-white Boxing Commissioner William Pender performed direct discriminatory acts, while the race-black Commission Chairman Wilbert McClure failed to provide the promoter sufficient protection under his authority and cooperated in the unjust cancellation of a series of boxing events, causing financial harm to the promoter. A unanimous jury verdict found that the race-black Chairman was guilty of racial discrimination along with  race-white Commissioner William Pender and both defendants were assessed punitive damages in addition to the compensatory damages awarded by the jury. This precedent-setting case is the subject of a book entitled "The Eighth Round" by Zeke Wilson.