The Day the Universe Changed
The Day the Universe Changed: A Personal View by James Burke is a British documentary television series written and presented by science historian James Burke, originally broadcast on BBC1 from 19 March until 21 May 1985 by the BBC. The series' primary focus is on the effect of advances in science and technology on western society in its philosophical aspects. The title comes from the philosophical idea that the universe essentially only exists as one perceives it through what one knows; therefore, if one changes one's perception of the universe with new knowledge, one  has essentially changed the universe itself. To illustrate this concept, James Burke tells the various stories of important scientific discoveries and technological advances and how they fundamentally altered how western civilization perceives the world. The series runs in roughly chronological order, from around the beginning of the Middle Ages to the present. In the United States, the ten-week hour-long series was broadcast from 13 October to 15 December 1986, on PBS and was rebroadcast on The Learning Channel in 1993. A 1985 companion book was published with the same title, also written by Burke, presenting the same general  premise of the television series in expanded detail. Burke read from the book for an abridged audiocassette and compact disc set available from Macmillan Audio. Episodes. 1. "The Way We Are: It Started with the Greeks" 2. "In the Light of the Above: Medieval Conflict - Faith & Reason" 3. "Point of View: Scientific Imagination in the Renaissance" 4. "A Matter of Fact: Printing Transforms Knowledge" 5. "Infinitely Reasonable: Science Revises the Heavens" 6. "Credit Where It's Due: The Factory & Marketplace Revolution" 7. "What the Doctor Ordered: Social Impacts of New Medical Knowledge" 8. "Fit to Rule: Darwin's Revolution" 9 . "Making Waves: The New Physics - Newton Revised" 10. "Worlds Without End: Changing Knowledge, Changing Reality" Home video. Licensed by the BBC, "The Day the Universe Changed" was released on DVD in January 2009 by Documentary-Video. The five-disc set is closed captioned for the hearing impaired and approximately 550 minutes in length. Reception. Alfred Unger of "The Christian Science Monitor" (14 October 1986) said ""The Day the Universe Changed" is studded with flashes of insight amid its potpourri of intellectual revelations. Burke believes that it will encourage viewers to examine what they know, digest what he has to tell  them, and come up with, possibly, a new way of looking at things." John Corry of "The New York Times" (16 October 1986) called it "[t]elevision on a grand scale. Mr. Burke is interested in ideas, and they bubble and perk throughout. Sometimes we'll get lost, but most likely we'll stay interested. This is provocative stuff." Diana Simmonds of "The Sydney Morning Herald" (6 August 1988) said, "James Burke could have the answer. Maddeningly, he has the answer to most things and has had for years. This year he's being dazzling in "The Day The Universe Changed  (SBS). This series, in which he verbally dances through the earth-shattering events in history is, quite simply, exciting. Like an intravenous slug of ice-cold Akvavit, he provokes shivers of shock and pleasure. His mix of cleverness, egotism, fun, imagination and accessibility is similar to the television styles of Robert Hughes or J.K.Galbraith, except that Burke is also naughty – like a mischievous elf. 21st century viewers, rediscovering the series, note that it exhibits white ethnocentric bias. It omits Egyptian contributions to science and shows almost dismissive attitude of the African slave trade. The Cold War paranoia serves as a  backdrop for scientific progress of the Western world and a justification for arms race with the Soviet Union, failing to mention that the Soviets had the same materialist outlook as the enlightened West. Music. Whilst Carl Davis composed the main title theme and some incidental music, the series itself made extensive use of brief extracts from classical music, including: