James Duffy (Irish publisher)
James Duffy (1809 – 4 July 1871) was a prominent Irish author and publisher. Duffy's business would become one of the major publishers of Irish nationalist books, bibles, magazines, Missals and religious texts throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. He was also a major publisher of Irish fiction. He was described as having "invented a new kind of cosy family Catholicism." Career. Duffy was born in Monaghan. He was educated at a hedge school and began his business as a bookseller through purchasing Protestant bibles given to Catholics. He then traveled to Liverpool where he traded  them for more valuable books. In 1830 he founded his own company, "James Duffy and Sons" and issued "Boney's Oraculum", or "Napoleon's Book of Fate", which experienced huge sales. "Boney's Oraculum" would later be the object of an allusion in a speech of Capt. Boyle in Seán O'Casey's 1924 play "Juno and the Paycock". Another great editorial success was achieved when he collaborated with Charles Gavan Duffy (no relation) from 1843 to 1846 to publish poetry from the writers of "The Nation". By the 1860s he was employing 120 staff members at his various enterprises in  Dublin. In 1860 he started "Duffy's Hibernian Magazine", edited by Martin Haverty. It was a monthly, price eight pence, and ran for two years. The contributors included Charles Patrick Meehan, Julia Kavanagh, Denis Florence MacCarthy, John O'Donovan, William Carleton, Thomas D'Arcy McGee, and William John Fitzpatrick, and the articles were all signed. A second series began in 1862, renamed "Duffy's Hibernian Sixpence Magazine", with Meehan as editor, which extended to six volumes and ended in June 1865. These and other relatively cheap magazines took advantage of the new-found confidence in home-grown literature and also offered an  outlet for Irish authors. Among the magazines he published were: Duffy's magazines are seen as a forerunner of "Ireland's Own" today. Among books he published were: Publishing House. The publishing house was based at 7 Wellington Quay, Dublin, and later at 14 & 15 Wellington Quay. James Duffy and Co. Ltd. of 38 Westmoreland Street was still in business in the late 20th century.