Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825)
The Treaty of Rio de Janeiro is the treaty between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Empire of Brazil, signed August 29, 1825, which recognized Brazil as an independent nation, formally ending the Brazilian war of independence. The treaty was ratified by the Emperor of Brazil on August 24, 1825, and by the King of Portugal on November 15, 1825, and on that same date the two instruments of ratification were exchanged between Brazilian and Portuguese diplomats in Lisbon. The Treaty entered into force on November 15, 1825, upon the exchange of the ratification  documents. It was proclaimed in Portugal on that same date, and was proclaimed in Brazil on April 10, 1826. British mediation. The treaty was mediated by the British government, which supported Brazilian independence and informally recognized the independence of Brazil before the signing of treaty. However, the British government wished to receive promises that Brazil would abolish its slave trade with Africa. Afterwards, the newly-independent Brazilian government signed the British-Brazilian Treaty of 1826, promised to abolish its slave trade within four years, and negotiated various other commercial factors. Content. The treaty consists of eleven articles, which establish respectively