Cecile Abish
Cecile Abish (born 1930 in New York City) is an American artist known primarily for her works in sculpture and photography. Cecile Abish was a successful urban planner until 1965, when she devoted herself full-time to art. Her works have been shown in many solo and group exhibitions in galleries and museums in the United States and internationally, such as the Newark College of Engineering, the Institute of Contemporary Art in Boston, and the Architektur Zentrum in Vienna to name a few. Her husband, the writer Walter Abish, wrote "The Shape of Absence" in 1990, based on  her work. Sculpture. For many years, Abish's primary focus was sculpture installations. She frequently combined manufactured materials, such as particle board, and multitudes of marbles. Her work "How 4 into 4 into 3" (1975) consists of homasote, marbles, and baking soda. This homosote is placed upright alongside the interior walls of a room, while the floor is covered with marbles. The marbles are separated next to the homosote, creating a shadow-like effect as if the marbles were light. This is reflected by the title of the work; in one corner, four particle boards create four shadows, in the  opposite corner only three shadows are visible from the four particle boards. Abish believes in a synergy between the work and the working surface. Cecile Abish, Carl Andre, Beverly Pepper, and Tony Smith created a "Statement of Sculptors" that was published Dec 1975 issue of Art Journal. Cecile Abish section was entitled "Duration of the Sculpture in Possession of a Surface." She argued that the surfaces upon which she works do not belong to her. She temporarily takes possession of the surface. In her view, sculpture has a significant impact on the world around it: "The thousands of marbles [referring  to her work "How 4 into 4 into 3"] add a hard but penetrable surface to the surface…this new surface is an omnidirectional translucent flowing surface." Abish further explains the harmony that a surface has with a completed sculpture after the two are one: "Everywhere surfaces await the coming of sculpture. The coming of a new vision, as floors will drop away and the boundary lines will be drawn." This idea is explored further in "Near Where I live" (1976), where several boards are laid on the ground, with thousands of marbles on the bare space between the boards . The boards have incisions on them in such a way that creates a channel across each board; gaps in the marbles continue the route. The result, as reviewer Barbera Cavaliere exclaims, "suggests a continuum within the structure… a sweeping arabesque motion only partially present in the incised arcs, enhancing the lyrical flow felt also in the scattered shiny marbles." In 1974, Lawrence Alloway wrote, "The work of Cecile Abish has been harder to see than it should have been. The distribution problem has arisen not only because she has no gallery, but because her works are usually erected on the  spot." He concludes that the work of Abish demands to be seen and documented. Photography. Abish also participated in "Deconstruction/Reconstruction: The Transformation of Photographic Information Into Metaphor", an art exhibition focused on photomanipulation. The exhibition featured artists by manipulating different photographs and reconstructing them into one. Specifically for Abish, multiple photographs were taken and were essentially cut into jigsaw puzzle pieces, which were then rearranged and reassembled to create new works, such as "Firsthand". Abish also took photographs of museum interiors, which were used in Walter Abish's writing work "What Else?" to accompany the museological tone of the  book. Many of Abish's photographs are silver gelatin prints. Work. Abish has exhibited in New York at the Alessandra Gallery, the Bykert Gallery, and the Michael Walls Gallery. She has also shown in Ohio, Massachusetts, and Michigan, as well as Germany, Austria, and France. Aside from galleries, she has been associated with various institutions as a visual artist, including the University of Massachusetts, Amherst College, Cooper Union, and Harvard University. She earned a BFA at Brooklyn College in 1953. Cecil Abish contributed the graphic art for volume 15 (April 1984) of "Fiction International," the first issue published by San  Diego University Press.