Hermance
Hermance is a municipality of the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland. History. Hermance is first mentioned in 1247 as "intra Armentia". In 1271 it was mentioned as "Eremencia". Geography. Hermance has an area, , of . Of this area, or 57.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 13.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 29.2% is settled (buildings or roads), or 1.4% is either rivers or lakes. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 22.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.5%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.4 % of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.4%. Out of the forested land, 10.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 36.8% is used for growing crops and 5.6% is pastures, while 15.3% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.7% is in lakes and 0.7% is in rivers and streams. The municipality is located on the left bank of Lake Geneva. The municipality of Hermance consists of the sub-sections or villages  of Hermance - Rives-du-Lac, Le Bourg and La Croix-de-Bally. Demographics. Hermance has a population () of . , 28.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 16.5%. It has changed at a rate of 20% due to migration and at a rate of -2% due to births and deaths. Most of the population () speaks French (643 or 78.8%), with English being second most common (73 or 8.9%) and German being third (36 or 4.4%). There are 14 people who speak Italian and 1 person who speaks  Romansh. , the gender distribution of the population was 49.8% male and 50.2% female. The population was made up of 321 Swiss men (34.0% of the population) and 149 (15.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 334 Swiss women (35.4%) and 140 (14.8%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality 178 or about 21.8% were born in Hermance and lived there in 2000. There were 234 or 28.7% who were born in the same canton, while 124 or 15.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 254 or 31.1% were born outside of Switzerland. In there was 1 live birth  to Swiss citizens and 3 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 12 deaths of Swiss citizens and 2 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 11 while the foreign population increased by 1. There was 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss man and 3 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 6 and  the non-Swiss population increased by 17 people. This represents a population growth rate of 1.2%. The age distribution of the population () is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 57.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 15.2%. , there were 336 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 384 married individuals, 48 widows or widowers and 48 individuals who are divorced. , there were 312 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household. There were 95 households  that consist of only one person and 29 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 322 households that answered this question, 29.5% were households made up of just one person and there was 1 adult who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 75 married couples without children, 116 married couples with children There were 22 single parents with a child or children. There were 3 households that were made up of unrelated people and 10 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing. The  historical population is given in the following chart: Sights. The entire village of Hermance is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites. Politics. In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 19.65% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the LPS Party (18.81%), the Green Party (16.33%) and the FDP (12.46%). In the federal election, a total of 279 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 55.2%. In the 2009 Grand Conseil election, there were a total of 514 registered voters of which 236 (45.9%) voted. The  most popular party in the municipality for this election was the Libéral with 24.5% of the ballots. In the canton-wide election they received the highest proportion of votes. The second most popular party was the Les Radicaux (with 12.7%), they were sixth in the canton-wide election, while the third most popular party was the Les Verts (with 12.7%), they were second in the canton-wide election. For the 2009 Conseil d'État election, there were a total of 514 registered voters of which 291 (56.6%) voted. In 2011, all the municipalities held local elections, and in Hermance there were  13 spots open on the municipal council. There were a total of 598 registered voters of which 389 (65.1%) voted. Out of the 389 votes, there were 2 blank votes, 2 null or unreadable votes and 54 votes with a name that was not on the list. Economy. , Hermance had an unemployment rate of 4.2%. , there were 9 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 12 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 5 businesses in this sector. 123 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 25 businesses  in this sector. There were 374 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.8% of the workforce. , there were 81 workers who commuted into the municipality and 298 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.7 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 22.2% of the workforce coming into Hermance are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 15% used public transportation to get to work, and 65.2% used a private car. Religion. From the , 331 or 40.6% were Roman Catholic, while  198 or 24.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 10 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.23% of the population), there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 13 individuals (or about 1.59% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 6 individuals (or about 0.74% of the population) who were Jewish, and 7 (or about 0.86% of the population) who were Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 202 (or about 24.75 % of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 46 individuals (or about 5.64% of the population) did not answer the question. Education. In Hermance about 213 or (26.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 254 or (31.1%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Of the 254 who completed tertiary schooling, 39.0% were Swiss men, 33.1% were Swiss women, 14.6% were non-Swiss men and 13.4% were non-Swiss women. During the 2009–2010 school year there were a total of 219 students in the Hermance school system. The  education system in the Canton of Geneva allows young children to attend two years of non-obligatory Kindergarten. During that school year, there were 13 children who were in a pre-kindergarten class. The canton's school system provides two years of non-mandatory kindergarten and requires students to attend six years of primary school, with some of the children attending smaller, specialized classes. In Hermance there were 29 students in kindergarten or primary school and 2 students were in the special, smaller classes. The secondary school program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling, followed by three to  five years of optional, advanced schools. There were 29 lower secondary students who attended school in Hermance. There were 40 upper secondary students from the municipality along with 7 students who were in a professional, non-university track program. An additional 44 students attended a private school. , there were 5 students in Hermance who came from another municipality, while 94 residents attended schools outside the municipality.