Mossdale Caverns
Mossdale Caverns is a cave system in the Yorkshire Dales, England. It is about north of Grassington, and east of Conistone, where Mossdale Beck sinks at the base of Mossdale Scar. It lies at an altitude of on the eastern flank of Wharfedale, and extends south-east beneath Grassington Moor. The cave system is formed within the Middle Limestone of the Yoredale Series. The large stream (average flow 100 litres/second) has been shown by dye testing to resurge at Black Keld, some to the WNW lower. Speleology. Exploration of Mossdale Caverns was begun in 1941 by Bob  Leakey of the British Speleological Association. It is a very flood-prone challenging cave system, with many of its passages involving long wet crawls. Other sections have neck-deep water and many of Leakey's explorations were conducted solo as few of his contemporaries had the necessary endurance. The end was finally reached again in 1964 by Mike Boon and Pete Livesey. A return trip to the far end takes between eight and ten hours. Permission to enter the caves is no longer granted because of the tragedy that occurred in 1967. Exploration does still take place, but on an  unofficial basis. It is thought that the cave system may hold the key to breaking into the Great Scar Limestone and the extensive cave that exists behind Black Keld. 1967 tragedy. The cave system is notorious amongst cavers in the United Kingdom for a tragedy that occurred on 24 June 1967. On that day, ten cavers entered the system. Three hours later, four members of the party decided not to continue and exited the cave system. One of these four returned to the entrance shortly afterwards, only to find it completely submerged due to recent rainfall having swollen Mossdale Beck . Realising immediately that the six cavers who remained inside the cave system were in danger, she ran across the moor to raise the alarm. Cave rescue teams arrived at the scene, but the high water levels prevented access to the cave. The waters of Mossdale Beck had to be diverted away from the cave entrance by digging a trench. Even then the rescue operation could not be started because of the high water levels inside. It was not until the following day that entry was possible. The cave rescue teams found the bodies of five of the cavers in the  Far Marathon Crawls, and Bob Leakey led a search party to a location where he believed the sixth might have survived, but without success. The sixth body was located the following day. The bodies were left in situ. The coroner decided to seal the cave, and concrete was poured down the only safe entrance. This was later re-opened and in 1971, with the agreement of their families, the bodies were buried by their colleagues from the ULSA in "Mud Caverns", a chamber at the far end of the system. This is to date the most deadly incident in British  caving. A memorial plaque is affixed to the cliff above the entrance. On the moors above is a memorial cairn. The plaque on the cairn reads: "Mossdale memorial cairn – over the place in the cave where the bodies were found". There is a rock climbing route at Gordale Scar called "Mossdale Trip" (E6 6b) that was named in remembrance of the tragedy by the late Pete Livesey.