1080 Orchis
1080 Orchis, provisional designation , is an dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 30 August 1927, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The carbonaceous F-type asteroid has a rotation period of 16.1 hours and measures approximately in diameter. It was named after the flowering plant "Orchis". Orbit and classification. "Orchis" is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 9  months (1,374 days; semi-major axis of 2.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first observed as at Heidelberg in January 1906. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in August 1927. Naming. This minor planet was named after the flowering plant "Orchis", a genus in the orchid family. The official naming citation was mentioned in "The Names of the Minor Planets" by Paul Herget in 1955 (). Reinmuth's flowers. Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large  list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between and . This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants "(also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants)". Physical characteristics. In the Tholen classification, "Orchis" is an uncommon F-type asteroid, a type which belongs to the wider C-complex of carbonaceous asteroids. Rotation period and poles. In 2010, three rotational lightcurves of "Orchis" were obtained from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period  of 16.061, 16.075 and 16.1 hours with a brightness amplitude of between 0.23 and 0.31 magnitude (). A modeled lightcurve based on optical data from a large collaboration network found a concurring period of 16.0657 hours and two spin axis of (255.0°, 27.0°) and (71.0°, 28.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β). Diameter and albedo. According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, "Orchis" measures between 20.755 and 24.62 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo  between 0.029 and 0.051. The "Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link" adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0430 and a diameter of 23.28 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.2.