Daniel Turp
Daniel Turp (born April 30, 1955) is a professor of constitutional and international law at the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He served as a Bloc Québécois Member of Parliament (1997–2000) and as a Parti Québécois member of the Quebec National Assembly (2003–2008). Early life and education. Born in Montreal, Quebec, Turp was raised as a Roman Catholic but later converted to Presbyterianism. He is a member of the Church of St. Andrew and St. Paul in Montreal. Turp studied law at the Université de Montréal and the University of Ottawa, and received his legal licence  in Sherbrooke, Quebec in 1977. He earned a master's degree at the Université de Montréal in 1978. He has worked for the Canadian International Development Agency, and was called as an expert for the Bélanger-Campeau Commission on Quebec's constitutional future. Turp started teaching at the Université de Montréal in 1982. Since then, he has taught several law courses at the University of Paris X (1986–1996), The International Institute of Human Rights in Strasbourg (1988) and Harvard University (1996). He has also been a director of studies at the international law academy in The Hague (1995). After lengthy  studies, he obtained a doctorate in law at Panthéon-Assas University in 1990. He is also interested in international law and globalization and once worked as a specialist at Harvard University. Political engagement. Turp joined the Bloc Québécois, becoming that party's Political Affairs Committee president during Prime Minister Jean Chrétien's first term in office. He was defeated in the Papineau-Saint-Michel electoral district in 1996 when he first attempted to become a federal Member of Parliament. He succeeded in 1997, becoming a member of the House of Commons of Canada for the Beauharnois—Salaberry riding. He left  federal politics in 2000 after being defeated by Liberal Serge Marcil. In 2003, he moved to provincial politics under the Parti Québécois and was elected in the riding of Mercier on April 14. Turp became the party spokesman on international relations and sat on the Parliamentary Assembly of "la Francophonie". In 2005, he proposed a project for a Quebec constitution and he signed the "Manifeste pour un Québec solidaire" (Manifesto for Quebec solidarity). He has published many articles on Quebec sovereignty and its constitutional implications. Turp supported André Boisclair during the Parti Québécois' party leadership campaign in 2005, and was  reelected in the 2007 election. He faced some criticism in 2008 as one of two MNAs, along with Pierre Curzi, who endorsed a controversial petition opposing Paul McCartney's performance at Quebec City's 400th anniversary celebrations. He was defeated in 2008 by Amir Khadir, co-leader of Québec solidaire. In 2011, Turp unsuccessfully ran for president of the Parti Québécois.