Sturmhauptführer
The rank was first created in 1928 as an SA rank, named "SA-Sturmhauptführer" until 1939/40, and was bestowed upon those SA officers who were company commanders of SA units. The rank translates as "head storm leader" and can trace its origins to the German shock troops of the First World War, who were typically organized into storm trooper companies under an officer ranked lieutenant or captain. "SA-Hauptsturmführer" was initially considered as more of a senior lieutenant, but after 1932 the rank was rated above that of "SA-Obersturmführer" and became the equivalent of a captain. The insignia  for the rank was also modified to denote the higher status. As an SS rank, "SS-Sturmhauptführer" was established in 1930 as a senior rank to that of "SS-Hauptsturmführer". In 1934, after the Night of the Long Knives, the SS changed the name to "SS-Hauptsturmführer". This was due in large part to separate the SS rank system from the SA, which by then was considered two completely separate organizations. "Sturmhauptführer" remained an SA rank until 1939/40., and was finally changed to "Hauptsturmführer", as well.