John Severin
John Powers Severin (; December 26, 1921 – February 12, 2012) was an American comics artist noted for his distinctive work with EC Comics, primarily on the war comics "Two-Fisted Tales" and "Frontline Combat"; for Marvel Comics, especially its war and Western comics; and for his 45-year stint with the satiric magazine "Cracked". He was one of the founding cartoonists of "Mad" in 1952. Severin was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2003. Early life. John Severin was born in Jersey City, New Jersey, of Norwegian and Irish descent. He was a teenager in  Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, New York City, when he began drawing professionally. While attending high school, he contributed cartoons to "The Hobo News", receiving payment of one dollar per cartoon. Severin recalled in 1999: He attended the High School of Music & Art in New York City, together with future EC Comics and "Mad" artists Harvey Kurtzman, Will Elder, Al Jaffee and Al Feldstein. After graduating from the school in 1940, he worked as an apprentice machinist and then enlisted in the Army, serving in the Pacific during World War II. Career. Early work: 1947–51. In a 1980 interview, Severin recalled his  start as a professional artist: Inspired by the quick money Kurtzman would make in between advertising assignments with one-page "Hey Look!" gags for editor Stan Lee at Timely Comics, Severin worked up comics samples inked by Elder. In late 1947, he recalled, the writer-artist-editor team of Joe Simon and Jack Kirby at Crestwood Publications "gave us our first job." Since it was not standard practice to credit comics creators during this era, a comprehensive list of his early work is difficult to compile. Author and historian Jim Vadeboncoeur Jr., based on Severin's description of "a crime  story about a boy and a girl who killed somebody ... I think it was their stepfather. They lived on a farm, or out in the suburbs," believes that first Severin/Elder story was the eight-page "The Clue of the Horoscope" in "Headline Comics" #32 (cover-dated Nov. 1948), from the Crestwood-affiliated Prize Comics. The standard reference Grand Comics Database has no credits for that story, and lists Severin's first confirmed work in comics as two stories published the same month: the ten-page Boy Commandos adventure "The Triumph of William Tell" in DC Comics' "Boy Commandos" #30 ; and the eight-page Western story "Grinning Hole in the Wall" in Prize Comics' "Prize Comics Western" vol. 7, #5 (each Dec. 1948), both of which he penciled and the latter of which he also inked. Through 1955, Severin drew a large number of stories for the latter title and other Western series from Prize, and as penciler, he co-created with an unknown writer the long-running Native American feature "American Eagle" in "Prize Comics Western" vol. 9, #6 (Jan. 1951), inked by his high-school classmate turned fellow pro Will Elder. Around this time, Severin did his first  confirmed work for two publishers with whom he would long be associated, Marvel Comics and EC Comics. For the future Marvel Comics, he penciled the seven-page romance comic story "My Heart Had No Faith" in Timely Comics' "Actual Romances" #1 (Oct. 1949). EC Comics. For EC Comics, he debuted with the seven-page "War Story" in "Two-Fisted Tales" #19 (Feb. 1951), continuing to work in tandem with his friend Elder as his inker, notably on science fiction and war stories. Severin drew stories for both "Two-Fisted Tales" and "Frontline Combat". When Kurtzman dropped the war comics to  devote more time to "Mad", Severin became sole artist on "Two-Fisted Tales" for four issues and scripted some stories. He also illustrated stories written by his friend Colin Dawkins and future "Mad" art director John Putnam. Severin and Dawkins were the uncredited co-editors of "Two-Fisted Tales" #36–39. Severin and Elder eventually split as a team at EC. They both were in the group of the five original artists who launched editor Harvey Kurtzman's landmark satiric comic book "Mad", along with Kurtzman, Wally Wood and Jack Davis. Severin appeared in nine of "Mad"'s first ten issues , drawing ten pieces between 1952 and 1954. According to accounts by both Severin and Kurtzman, the two had a falling out over art criticisms Kurtzman made during this period. It was Kurtzman who suggested that Severin ink with a pen as opposed to brush inking. Though Severin eventually took this advice in his later work, he was annoyed at Kurtzman at the time, for this and other remarks, and refused further work with him. Kurtzman insisted on doing the layouts for all the artists, which some resented, including Severin. His ability to draw people of different nationalities convincingly was highly  admired by his peers, as was his eye for authentic details. Upon Severin's death, writer Mark Evanier remembered, "Jack Kirby used to say that when he had to research some historical costume or weapon for a story, it was just as good to use a John Severin drawing as it was to find a photo of the real thing. They don't make 'em like that anymore." Marvel Comics and other publishers. Following the cancellation of EC's comic book line in the wake of the Comics Code in the mid-1950s, Severin began working for Atlas Comics, the 1950s  forerunner of Marvel Comics. "Sergeant Barney Barker", drawn by Severin, was Atlas' answer to "Sgt. Bilko". Artist and colorist Stan Goldberg, a company colleague, recalled in 2005, After Atlas transitioned to become Marvel Comics in the 1960s, Severin did extensive work as penciler, inker or both on such series as "The Incredible Hulk", "Conan the Barbarian", and "Captain Savage and his Leatherneck Raiders". Herb Trimpe, the primary "Hulk" penciler during this period comics fans and historians call the Silver Age of comic books, said in 2009, "I was kind of thrilled when John Severin inked me, because I liked his  work for EC Comics, and he was one of my idols." As inker, Severin teamed with penciler Dick Ayers on an acclaimed run of the World War II series "Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos", beginning with #44 (July 1967). In the 1970s, he collaborated with his sister, artist Marie Severin, on Marvel's sword and sorcery series, "King Kull". During this time he was by far the most prolific contributor to the satiric "Cracked" magazine, drawing television and movie parodies along with other features, including most of the magazine's covers. For Warren Publishing in the 1960s, he drew  for the black-and-white comics magazines "Blazing Combat" and "Creepy". Severin also contributed to Topps' line of bubble gum trading cards. He was one of the artists on Joe Kubert's self-published "Sojourn" series in 1977. His 1980s work for Marvel included "The 'Nam", "What The--?!", and "Semper Fi". Circa 2000, writer Jeff Mariotte recalled in 2002, Severin phoned Scott Dunbier, a group editor at DC Comics' WildStorm imprint, "and said he was looking to do comics again" after working primarily for "Cracked" at the time. "I happened to pass by Scott's office as he hung up  the phone, and he sounded kind of awestruck as he told me that John Severin wanted to do something with us. I said something like, 'Gee, a "Desperadoes" story by Severin would be great,'" referring to Mariotte's Western miniseries for DC. "Scott agreed. We needed to hurry, before he was snapped up by someone else, so I went home and worked up a proposal overnight. We had sent him, right after that first call, copies of the original "Desperadoes" books. That was followed up by the proposal, the next day. He liked what he saw and wanted to play  along." This led to Severin drawing the sequel miniseries "Desperadoes: Quiet of The Grave". He illustrated the controversial 2003 Marvel limited series "The Rawhide Kid", a lighthearted parallel universe Western that reimagined the outlaw hero as a kitschy though still formidably gunslinging gay man. Severin, who had drawn the character for Atlas in the 1950s, refuted rumors that he had not known of the subject matter, saying at the time of the premiere issue's release, "The Rawhide Kid is rather effeminate in this story. It may be quite a blow to some of the old fans of Rawhide Kid . But it's a lot of fun, and he's still a tough "hombre"." Also in the 2000s, Severin contributed to Marvel's "The Punisher"; DC Comics' "Suicide Squad", "American Century", "Caper", and "Bat Lash"; and Dark Horse Comics' "Conan", "B.P.R.D." and "Witchfinder". Personal life. Severin's family members working in the publishing and entertainment fields include his sister Marie Severin, a comic book artist, who was the colorist for EC's comics; his son John Severin, Jr., the head of Bubblehead Publishing; his daughter, Ruth Larenas, a producer for that company; and his grandson, John Severin III, a music  producer and recording engineer. Severin died at his home in Denver, Colorado, on February 12, 2012 at the age of 90. His wife of 60 years, Michelina, survived him, as did his six children and comics artist sister Marie Severin. Awards and honors. Severin received an Inkpot Award in 1998 and was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2003. With writer Gary Friedrich and penciler Dick Ayers, Severin's inking contributed to "Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos" winning the Alley Award for Best War Title of 1967 and 1968. He was among the winners of  the Cartoon Art Museum's 2001 Sparky Award. His artwork was exhibited three times at the Words & Pictures Museum in Northampton, Massachusetts – in the grand-opening group show (October 9, 1992 – January 5, 1993), in the group exhibit "War No More" (May 18 – August 8, 1993) and in the group show "Classic Comics: A Selection of Stories from EC Comics" (December 7 – February 11, 1996). In 2022, Severin was awarded the Inkwell Awards Stacey Aragon Special Achievement Award (SASRA) for his lifetime achievement in inking.