Paul Chack
Louis Paul André Chack, (Paris, 12 February 1876 — fort de Montrouge, Arcueil, 9 January 1945), was a French Navy officer, author and Nazi collaborator. He served in the Navy during the First World War, and spent the interwar period writing books on naval history, and agitating at the Far-Right. During the Second World War, he eagerly collaborated with the Nazi, presiding a so-called "Comité d'action antibolchévique" ("committee for anti-Bolshevik action"). At the Liberation, he was arrested, tried to treason, and executed by firing squad. Biography. Chack was born to Marie-Louise Chack, also known as  Marie Scalini (1852–1931), and of Lord Fingall, who refused to marry her but still purchased a house for her and paid her a pension. Chack joined the École navale in October 1893, the 50th of the 75 students of the class of that year. He graduated in 1896. He served on the battleship "Hoche", then on "Masséna" in the North sea, and was promoted to Ensign first class in October 1898. He then served on "Mouette" at Constantinople, where he earned a Turkish medal by fighting a fire. Chack was promoted to lieutenant de vaisseau in May 1906, and given  command of the submarine "Grondin". In 1908, he was appointed as aid to the general governor of Indochina. He served on "Jauréguiberry" in 1912 as gunnery officer, and was promoted to the fire direction of the battleship "Courbet" in 1914. In June 1915, he was given command of the destroyer "Massue", taking part in the Gallipoli campaign. On 27 November 1916, he attacked a German submarine, earning an Army-level mention in dispatches. Check was promoted to lieutenant-commander in July 1917, and to commander in June 1920. He captained the battleship "Provence" in the Mediterranean before transferring to the  Service historique de la marine as Direction 1921. In 1927, he was received as a member of the Académie de marine. He was promoted to captain in July 1929, and retired from the Navy in November 1934 with the rank of captain. From the 1920. Chack started writing numerous works about the Navy and naval history. Chack started mixing with Far-Right elements infiltrating the veteran associations of the time. He was vice-président of the l'Association nationale des officiers combattants (ANOC), under Right-Wing personalities such as Colonel Jean Ferrandi and Charles Trochu. Chack was also president of the  Club de l'Effort, an organisation founded by reserve officers, many of whom were members of the far-right Ligues. In 1937, he was among the Right-wing and Far-Right personalities in honouring Charles Maurras when he was freed from prison. He joined Jacques Doriot's Parti populaire français (PPF) in 1937. During the Nazi Occupation, Chack supported Collaboration with the Third Reich. He also displayed a virulent antisemitism. He notably inaugurated the Institut d'étude des questions juives in May 1941, and wrote antisemitic editorials in journals. Chack was president of the Comité d’action antibolchévique (1941–1944), an anticommunist and antisemitic  propaganda outlet used as a recruitment organ for the Légion des volontaires français contre le bolchévisme. Chack inaugurated the exhibit "Le Bolchevisme contre l'Europe", along with French and German fascists such as Paul Marion, Fernand de Brinon or Georges Claude. On 22 August 1944, after the Libération, Chack was arrested and imprisoned at Drancy, and then at Fresnes. He was trialed by the Cour de justice of Seine, sentenced to death on 18 December 1944 and shot on 9 January 1945 at fort de Montrouge, near Paris. Sources and references. Notes References External links