Horneophytopsida
The Horneophytopsida, informally called horneophytes, are a class of extinct plants which consisted of branched stems without leaves, true roots or vascular tissue, found from the Late Silurian to the Early Devonian (around ). They are the simplest known polysporangiophytes, i.e. plants with sporophytes bearing many spore-forming organs (sporangia) on branched stems. They were formerly classified among the rhyniophytes, but it was later found that some of the original members of the group had simple vascular tissue and others did not. The group has also been treated as the division Horneophyta. In 2004, Crane et al. published a cladogram  for the polysporangiophytes in which the Horneophytopsida are shown as the sister group of all other polysporangiophytes. One other former rhyniophyte, "Aglaophyton", is also placed outside the tracheophyte clade, as it did not possess true vascular tissue (in particular did not have tracheids), although its conducting tissue is more complex than that of the Horneophytopsida. Phylogeny. Partial cladogram by Crane, Herendeen & Friis 2004, with emphasis on horneophytes. Genera. Genera that have been placed in the horneophytes include: Other sources place only "Horneophyton" in this group, treating "Caia" and "Tortilicaulis" as actual or possible rhyniophytes.