Al-Janiya
Al-Janiya () is a Palestinian village in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate located 8 kilometers northwest of Ramallah in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village had a population of 1,400 inhabitants by late 2014. Location. Al Janiya is located 8.5 km west of Ramallah. It is bordered by Al-Zaytouneh and Ein Qiniya to the east, Ras Karkar and Kafr Ni'ma to the west, Al-Zaytouneh and Al-Itihad to the north, and Deir Ibzi to the south. History. Shards from the Iron Age II, Hellenistic, Roman and  Byzantine era have been found here. It has been suggested that this was "Ganta", a village which belonged to Byzantine empress Eudocia (c. 401–460), who gave it to the Church of Jerusalem. It has also been suggested that Al-Janiya was the Crusader site named "Megina". Shards have also been found here from the Crusader/Ayyubid and Mamluk eras. There are Arabic and Greek inscriptions in the village mosque, which has been dated to 731 A.H., that is, 1330-31 C.E. Ottoman era. Shards have been found here from the early Ottoman era. In the Ottoman census of 1500s, "Dajjaniyya  was located in the nahiya" of Quds. In 1838 "el-Janieh" was noted as partly a Greek Christian and partly a Muslim village, part of "Beni Harith" area, located north of Jerusalem. Al-Janiya, together with er-Ras, were the chief towns for the ruling family of Simhan. The chief Sheikh of the Simhan family was Isma'il, who was killed by Ibrahim Pasha in the 1834 uprising. After Isma'il, Hasan es-Sa'id and Mohammah ibn Isma'il became the rulers. In 1870, Victor Guérin found it to be a village of 400 inhabitants, all Muslims except a few "Grec schismatique". He  also suggested that the mosque stood on the site of a previous church. An Ottoman village list from about same year found that the village had a population of 29 "Greeks" in 8 houses, and 268 Muslims in 58 houses, though the population count included men, only. It was noted that it was located NWW of Ramallah. In 1882, the PEF's "Survey of Western Palestine" (SWP) described it: "A small village on high ground, with two Mukams and a well on the east; on the north is a modern graveyard. Olives exist round." Two different estimates were given of  the population of "Ed-dschanije" in 1896, one gave a population of 528, while another estimate gave the population to be 342 Muslims and 36 Christians. British Mandate era. In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Al-Janiya had a population of 180; 177 Muslims and 3 Orthodox Christians. This had increased by the time of the 1931 census to 250, 245 Muslims and 5 Christians, in 60 houses. In the 1945 statistics the population was 300, all Muslims, while the total land area was 7,565 dunams, according to an official land and population survey . Of this, 2,961 were plantations and irrigable land, 1,423 for cereals, while 40 dunams were classified as built-up (urban) areas. Jordanian era. In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Al-Janiya came under Jordanian rule. It was annexed by Jordan in 1950. The Jordanian census of 1961 found 451 inhabitants in "Janiya". Post-1967. Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Al-Janiya has been under Israeli occupation. After the 1995 accords, 7.9% of village land was classified as Area B, the remaining 92.1% as Area C. 867 dunams of land was  confiscated for the Israeli settlement of Dolev, in addition to 1,667 dunams for the settlement of Talmon. In 1989, 4,000 acres of privately owned land in Al-Janiya was confiscated and given to the Israeli settlement of Talmon. By 2010, Al-Janiya had lost 10,000 acres due to Israeli confiscations. By 2012, Israeli settlers regularly came armed, taking control of a local water source. The spring, "Ein El Masraj", earlier used for irrigation by Al-Janiya, had been physically taken over by Israeli settlers from Talmon, who had renamed it "Ein Talmon". The spring "Ein El Mallah", used by Al -Janiya both for domestic use and irrigation, was in danger of being taken over. By 2014, farming on local land was difficult, since Israeli authorities have declared much of it, enclosing olive groves, a 'closed military zone', which Palestinian farmers are allowed to access on average only two days a year, and many of the trees are uprooted by settlers. In November 2016, Israeli settlers attacked four Palestinian farmers while they were harvesting their olives. The settlers, according to Palestinian witnesses and victims, shouted "Kill the Arabs" and "we will kill you, you sluts", and were armed with knives and  clubs. After beating them up, they were filmed returning to an outpost below Neria, Mateh Binyamin.