Afawarq Walda Samayat
Afawarq Walda Samayat, or Afework Woldesemait (died 5 November 1935), was an Ethiopian administrator and commander. Biography. In 1935, at the outbreak of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, "grazmach" and "balambaras" Afawarq Walda Samayat was the acting "shum" of Jijiga. He worked tirelessly to prepare the Ogaden for war on what was known as the "southern front". Prior to the Battle of Genale Doria, "Balambaras" Afawarq Walda Samayat was killed defending Gorahai. Gorahai was known as an old stronghold of Sayyid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan (called the "Mad Mullah" by the British). With approximately three thousand fighters under  his command, Afawarq Walda Samayat had turned Gorahai into an armed camp. Bombers of the Italian Royal Air Force ("Regia Aeronautica") regularly attacked Gorahai and Afawarq himself directed the fire of the lone anti-aircraft gun, a 37 mm Oerlikon. The gun was mounted in one of the old-style turrets of the Mad Mullah's antiquated fort. Afawarq's men quickly learned how to cope with air attacks by diving into deep trenches. In addition, they had sufficient modern arms to thwart assaults on the ground and to inflict heavy losses. Afawarq had even overseen the installation of a  minefield around his positions. During one of the regular bombings by the Italians, Afawarq was seriously wounded. He refused to be taken to the hospital because he feared that the morale of his men would suffer in his absence. Within 48-hours the wound became gangrenous and, on 5 November 1935, Afawarq collapsed and died. On 7 November, his fear about the morale of his men proved to be correct and they abandoned Gorahei. He was posthumously promoted to "dejazmach" by Emperor Haile Selassie.