Splicing rule
In mathematics and computer science, a splicing rule is a transformation on formal languages which formalises the action of gene splicing in molecular biology. A splicing language is a language generated by iterated application of a splicing rule: the splicing languages form a proper subset of the regular languages. Definition. Let "A" be an alphabet and "L" a language, that is, a subset of the free monoid "A". A splicing rule is a quadruple "r" = ("a","b","c","d") of elements of "A", and the action of the rule "r" on "L" is to produce the language If "R" is  a set of rules then "R"("L") is the union of the languages produced by the rules of "R". We say that "R" "respects" "L" if "R"("L") is a subset of "L". The "R"-closure of "L" is the union of "L" and all iterates of "R" on "L": clearly it is respected by "R". A splicing language is the "R"-closure of a finite language. A rule set "R" is reflexive if ("a","b","c","d") in "R" implies that ("a","b","a","b") and ("c","d","c","d") are in "R". A splicing language is reflexive if it is defined by a reflexive rule set.