Fulvous wren
The fulvous wren ("Cinnycerthia fulva") is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru. Taxonomy and systematics. The fulvous wren was formerly considered a subspecies of "Cinnycerthia peruana", which at that time was called sepia-brown wren and is now called Peruvian wren. Fulvous wren, Peruvian wren, and what is now called sepia-brown wren ("C. olivascens") form a superspecies. The fulvous wren has three subspecies, the nominate "Cinnycerthia fulva fulva", "C. f. fitzpatricki", and "C. f. gravesi". Description. The fulvous wren is long; male weights average and female weights . The  nominate adults have a reddish brown crown and back that is redder on the rump. They have a buff supercilium, a dull brown eye stripe, and buffy cinnamon cheeks. The tail is also reddish brown, and has narrow blackish bars crossing it. The throat is buffy white, the chest buffy cinnamon darkening to reddish brown on the flanks and belly. "C. f. fitzpatricki" has a darker crown and a lighter supercilium than the nominate. "C. f. gravesi" has a whitish supercilium and its underparts are paler than those of the nominate. The immature is similar to the nominate adult but  its crown is grayish. Distribution and habitat. The nominate fulvous wren is found in the eastern Andes of Peru, primarily in the Department of Cuzco. "C. f. fitzpatricki" is found in the Vilcabamba mountain range, which is also in Cuzco. "C. f. gravesi" is found from southern Peru's Department of Puno south to central Bolivia's Cochabamba Department. The species inhabits wet montane forest between . Behavior. Feeding. The fulvous wren forages on the ground and in low vegetation, often in small flocks. Its diet has not been described. Breeding. Virtually nothing is known about the fulvous wren's breeding  phenology except that birds in breeding condition were documented in January in Bolivia. Vocalization. The fulvous wren's song and calls have not been formally described. An example of each from Xeno-canto are and . Status. The IUCN has assessed the fulvous wren as being of Least Concern. "The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as fairly common at some locations, although generally poorly known".