André Billy
André Billy (13 December 1882 – 11 April 1971) was a French writer. He was born in Saint-Quentin, Aisne. After completing secondary studies at the Collège de la Providence in Amiens, he studied under the Jesuits at Saint-Dizier. He began writing in 1907, occasionally using the pseudonym "Jean de l'Escritoire". Billy used ecclesiastical settings for the novels "Bénoni", "L'Approbaniste", "Introïbo", and "Le Narthex". He was inspired by the story-tellers of the 18th century for "La Femme maquillée", "L'Amie des hommes", "Quel homme es-tu?" and the essay "Pudeur". For many years he was the literary critic  for "L'Œuvre". He edited the collection "Leurs Raisons". Billy became honorary president of the Société des amis de Philéas Lebesgue. Retiring to Lyon during the Occupation of France, he worked on a series of imposing biographies: "Vie de Balzac", "Vie de Diderot", and "Vie de Sainte-Beuve". He was elected to the Académie Goncourt in 1943, but could not take his seat until 1944 because of the hostility of several members, some of whom he had criticised in his writings. After the War, he wrote the "Chroniques du samedi" for "Le Figaro littéraire". The collection "Histoire de la vie littéraire  (éditions Tallandier) was published under the direction of André Billy, who contributed L'Époque 1900". In total, during his career he was to write 11,000 articles for over one hundred European newspapers. André Billy won the Prix des Ambassadeurs in 1952 for his essay on Sainte-Beuve. In 1954, he became a laureate of the Grand prix national des Lettres. He was a friend of Guillaume Apollinaire and Paul Léautaud. He died in Fontainebleau.