Nepenthes × kinabaluensis
Nepenthes" × "kinabaluensis , or the Kinabalu pitcher-plant, is the natural hybrid between "N. rajah" and "N. villosa". It was first collected near Kambarangoh on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo by Lilian Gibbs in 1910 and later mentioned by John Muirhead Macfarlane as ""Nepenthes" sp." in 1914. Although Macfarlane did not formally name the plant, he noted that "[a]ll available morphological details suggest that this is a hybrid between "N. villosa" and "N. rajah"". It was finally described in 1976 by Shigeo Kurata as "N." × "kinabaluensis". The name was first published in "Nepenthes of Mount Kinabalu", but was  a "nomen nudum" at the time as it lacked an adequate description and information on the type specimen. The name was subsequently published validly by Kurata in 1984. The pitchers of "N." × "kinabaluensis" may be quite large, but do not compare to those of "N. rajah" or "N." × "alisaputrana" ("N. burbidgeae" × "N. rajah"). "Nepenthes" × "kinabaluensis" can only be found on Mount Kinabalu (hence the name) and nearby Mount Tambuyukon, where the two parent species occur sympatrically. More specifically, plants are known from a footpath near Paka Cave and several places along an unestablished route on a  south-east ridge, which lies on the west side of the Upper Kolopis River. The only accessible location from which this hybrid is known is the Kinabalu summit trail, between Layang-Layang and the helipad, where it grows at about 2900 m in a clearing dominated by "Dacrydium gibbsiae" and "Leptospermum recurvum" trees. "Nepenthes × kinabaluensis" has an altitudinal distribution of 2420 to 3030 m. It grows in open areas in cloud forest. The hybrid is generally intermediate in appearance between its parent species. Raised ribs line the inner edge of the peristome and end with elongated teeth. These are  more prominent than those found in "N. rajah" and smaller than those of "N. villosa". The peristome is coarse and expanded at the margin (but not scalloped like that of "N. rajah"), the lid orbiculate or reniform and almost flat. In general, pitchers are larger than those of "N. villosa" and the tendril joins the apex about 1–2 cm below the leaf tip, a feature which is characteristic of "N. rajah". In older plants, the tendril can be almost woody. "N." × "kinabaluensis" is an indumentum of villous hairs covering the pitchers and leaf margins, which is approximately intermediate between  the parents. Lower pitchers have two fringed wings, whereas the upper pitchers usually lack these. The colour of the pitcher varies from yellow to scarlet. "N." × "kinabaluensis" seems to produce upper pitchers more readily than either of its parents. In all respects "N." × "kinabaluensis" is intermediate between the two parent species and it is easy to distinguish from all other "Nepenthes" of Borneo. However, it has been confused once before, when the hybrid was identified as "N. rajah" in "Letts Guide to Carnivorous Plants of the World".