VERBS THAT EXPRESS ABILITY AND INABILITY for Sesotho Language Manual
P. 1Sesotho Language ManualSesotho Language Manual|Views: 2,234|Likes: 12Published by Anne Emilie SchoenebornThis comprehensive Sesotho language manual was developed by a Peace Corps Volunteer during her service in Lesotho.This comprehensive Sesotho language manual was developed by a Peace Corps Volunteer during her service in Lesotho.More info:Categories:Types, Instruction manualsPublished by: Anne Emilie Schoeneborn on Oct 31, 2011Copyright:Attribution Non-commercialAvailability:Read on Scribd mobile: iPhone, iPad and Android.download as PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdFlag for inappropriate content|Add to collectionSee moreSee lesshttps://www.scribd.com/doc/71077505/Sesotho-Language-Manual10/21/2015pdftextoriginalSectionsGUIDE TO PRONUNCIATIONPRONOUNS AND GREETINGSINFINITIVE TENSE, COMMANDS, SHORT AND LONG
nka bua I can speak
u ka bona
o ka bapala
he/she can play
re ka reka lijo we can buy food
le ka tsamaea you all can leave
ba ka khanna they can drive
The pronoun varies according to noun class, for example:
ntja e ka shoa the dog may die (lit: the dog can die)
mahe a ka oela the eggs may fall (lit: the eggs can fall)
2. To express inability
Method 1: using ho sitoa, to be unable
For example: Ke sitoa ho ea.
Re sitoa ho kopana le uena. We are unable to meet with you.
Method 2: using ho khona, to be able
For example: Ha ke khone ho ea. I am unable to go.
Ha re khone ho kopana le uena. We are unable to meet with you.
Note: The conjugations of these verbs in all other tenses (such as future, perfect etc..)
are regular. For example:
Ke tla khona ho ea.17
Ke tla sitoa ho ea.
I will be unable to go.
17 The future tense is covered in the next lesson.
ho sitoa (sitiloe), to be unable
terata (literata), fence
ho khona (khonne), to be able
seterata (literata), street
ho hana (hanne), to refuse (also used for an object that doesn't work as it should, koloi
ea hana, the car isn't working)
ho koahela (koahetse), to cover
ntho (lintho), thing
kamore (likamore), room
lemati (mamati) or monyako (menyako), door
setulo (litulo), chair
tafole (litafole), table
bete (libete), bed
mosamo (mesamo), pillow
kerese (likerese), candle
lebone (mabone), lamp
lebekere (mabekere), mug
khalase (likhalase), glass
khaba (likhaba), spoon
fereko (lifereko), fork
thipa (lithipa), knife
poleiti (lipoleiti), plate
sekotlolo (likotlolo), bowl
botlolo (libotlolo), bottle
pitsa (lipitsa), pot
sekoahelo (likoahelo), lid/cover
fatuku (lifatuku), dishcloth
nkho (linkho), bucket
baskomo (libaskomo), basin (used for washing or bathing)
khase (no pl.), gas
fenstere (lifenstere), window
lebote (mabote), wall
marulelo (no pl.), roof
1. First say you are able, and then, that you are unable, to do the following:
a. ho koala monyako
b. ho pata chelete
c. ho lisa likhomo
d. ho palama tonki
e. ho rekisa likerese
2. Answer the questions in the affirmative and in the negative in as many ways as you
a. Na ba ka ea Maseru hosasa?
b. Na u ka kopana le rona tsatsing le?
c. Na o ka tsamaea le ‘na?
d. Na nka bua le uena?
e. Na le ka sebetsa ka Mantaha?
FUTURE, FUTURE CONTINUOUS AND NEGATIVE
rata I will like
u tla rata you will like
o tla rata
re tla rata we will like
le tla rata you all will like
ba tla rata they will like
Future tense of to be (ho ba):
ke tla ba I will be
u tla ba
o tla ba
re tla ba we will be
le tla ba
ba tla ba they will be
Future tense of to have (ho ba le):
ke tla ba le I will have
u tla ba le you will have
o tla ba le he/she will have
re tla ba le we will have
le tla ba le you all will have
ba tla ba le they will have
Future tense of to say (ho re):
ke tla re
u tla re
o tla re
he/she will say
re tla re we will say
le tla re
ba tla re they will say
When there is an object pronoun19
, it is placed between tla and the main verb.
Ke tla mo patala
O tla ba botsa
He/she will ask them
18 Sometimes Basotho replace this tla with tl'o. In general, the meaning does not change.
Object pronouns will be covered in Lesson 20.
ke tla be ke pheha
u tla be u pheha
o tla be a pheha
he/she will be cooking
re tla be re pheha
le tla be le pheha
you all will be cooking
ba tla be ba pheha
To be (ho ba), to have (ho ba le) are as follows in this tense:
ke tla be ke le
ke tla be ke na le
Selemong se tlang20
ke tla be ke bua Sesotho hantle.
Next year I will be speaking Sesotho well.
Khethang o tla be a lula Mazenod khoeli e tlang.
Khethang will be living in Mazenod next month.
3. Negative Future Continuous Tense
ke tla be ke sa phehe I will not be cooking
u tla be u sa phehe you will not be cooking
o tla be a sa phehe
he/she will not be cooking
re tla be re sa phehe we will be not cooking
le tla be le sa phehe you all will not be cooking
ba tla be ba sa phehe they will not be cooking
ke tla be ke se
ke tla be ke se na
Ke tla be ke se tichere selemong se tlang.
I will not be a teacher next year.
Ha ke khone ho ea hobane ke tla be ke se na chelete.
I am unable to go because I will not have any money.
20 See Lesson 29 for explanation of “selemong se tlang” and “khoeli e tlang.”
bophelo (maphelo), life/health
ho opa (opile), to be sore
lefu (mafu), death/disease (lefung, funeral)
mokokotlo (mekokotlo), back
sepetlele (lipetlele), hospital
serope (lirope), thigh
ngaka (lingaka), doctor
leihlo (mahlo), eye
mooki (baoki), nurse
mala (no pl.), bowels
mokuli (bakuli), sick person/patient
mpa (limpa), stomach
'mele (no pl.), body
pelo (lipelo), heart
hloho (lihloho), head
letlalo (matlalo), skin
sefahleho (lifahleho), face
lesapo (masapo), bone
nko (linko), nose
boko (liboko), brain
tsèbè (litsèbè), ear
leino (meno), tooth
monoana (menoana), finger/toe
leleme (maleme), tongue
lenala (manala), fingernail
molomo (melomo), mouth
letsoho (matsoho), hand/arm
lengole (mangole), knee
leoto (maoto), foot (ka maoto, on foot)
letsoele (matsoele), breast
sefuba (lifuba), chest, lungs (ke tsoeroe ke sefuba, I have a cold)
nyoko (no pl.), bile (ke tsoeroe ke nyoko, I have indigestion)
lekhopho (makhopho), pimples/bumps on skin
kotsi (likotsi), accident/danger (ke tsoile kotsi, I had an accident)
mali (no pl.), blood (ho tsoa mali, to bleed)
leqeba (maqeba), wound
moriana (meriana) or setlhare (litlhare), medicine
pilisi (lipilisi), pill
ente (liente), injection
ho hlatsa (hlatsitse), to vomit
ho kulisa (kulisitse), to make sick
ho phekola (phekotse), to heal/to cure
ho fola (folile), to recover from illness (ke folile, I have recovered)
ho khohlela (khohletse), to cough
ho tsolla (tsolotse), to have diarrhea (letsollo, diarrhea)
ho ruruha (ruruhile), to swell
1. Change the verbs in the following sentences from the present tense to the future tense.
a. U etsa mosebetsi.
b. Ke luba bohobe.
c. Ngoanana o bula fenstere.
d. Ba patala Refiloe 20R.
2. Give suitable answers to the following questions:
a. U tla tla neng?
b. O tla khona ho reka koloi neng?
c. Ba tla khona ho thusa bana ka li kae?
d. Le tla joetsa batho ba bang neng?
e. Re tla tsamaea ka labokae?
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