Gordon Rattray Taylor
Gordon Rattray Taylor (11 January 1911 – 7 December 1981) was a popular British author and journalist. He is most famous for his 1968 book "The Biological Time Bomb", which heralded the rise of biotechnology and for his 1983 book "The Great Evolution Mystery". Biography. Gordon Rattray Taylor was born in Eastbourne on 11 January 1911, and educated at Radley College public school, before studying natural sciences at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1933 he entered journalism. During the war he worked in the Psychological Warfare division of SHAEF. In 1958 he joined the BBC where he wrote and  devised science television programs such as "Eye on Research". In 1966 he became a full-time author. He served as a member of the Society for Psychical Research, London (1976–81). Writing. In "The Biological Time Bomb" Taylor heralded the advent of artificial insemination, organ transplants, as well as research into memory and controlling moods. Evolution. Taylor wrote a book on evolution called "The Great Evolution Mystery" first released in 1983 with a second edition in 1984. Taylor criticized neo-Darwinism, and said that the origin of species and the mechanisms for evolution are still deep mysteries that have not been  solved. Taylor supported Lamarck over Darwin. Taylor discussed the possibility of an inherent self-stabilization of the genome as an important selective factor in evolution. He was supportive of the idea of Lancelot Law Whyte, the evolutionary ideas highlighted in Whyte's book "Internal factors of evolution" in which no mutation is due entirely to chance: only those that meet the internal demands of the genome can be utilized in evolutionary processes. Taylor discussed his own evolutionary mechanism called "masking theory" which is the notion that blueprints for building phenotypes can be hidden for millions of years before suddenly being  expressed by the species. Zoologist Mark Ridley negatively reviewed the book concluding that Taylor had a "complete lack of biological imagination". Ridley states that Taylor appears to have failed to have familiarised himself with Darwinian thinking before criticising it, and particularly that Taylor has made the "familiar and elementary" mistake of conflating natural selection with chance. Ridley states that Taylor's alternative to Darwinian evolution is described "only in general outline", involving "Lamarckism and other inarticulated internal factors". In contrast to Ridley; the anthropologist H. James Birx in "BioScience" positively reviewed the book. According to Birx: Taylor boldly claims that  the living world of increasing complexity is not one of mere chance and material determinism, or the result of a divine plan and vital force. Instead, he strongly suggests that life is ordered through some internal genetic mechanism... Within this open framework, the author believes that neo-Darwinism is only a subsection of a more comprehensive and sophisticated explanation for biological evolution still to be formulated. Birx concluded that "The Great Evolution Mystery" is a "stimulating book and raises important questions and encourages future scientific inquiry." Philosopher Michael Ruse gave the book a mixed review, stating that although he did n't find Taylor's arguments convincing, he had collected a lot of information and utilized very good illustrations.