University of Indonesia
The University of Indonesia (, abbreviated as UI) is a public university in Depok, West Java and Salemba, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is one of the oldest tertiary-level educational institutions in Indonesia (known as the Dutch East Indies when UI was established), and is generally considered one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia, along with the Gadjah Mada University and Bandung Institute of Technology. In the 2019 QS World Universities Ranking, UI is ranked 1st in Indonesia, 57th in Asia and 292nd in the world. History. The roots of UI date back to 1851. At that time , the colonial government of the Dutch East Indies established a school to train medical assistants. Training lasted for two years, and the graduates were certified to provide basic medical treatments. The degree conferred was Javanese Doctor, as the graduates were certified only to open their practice in the Dutch East Indies, especially Java. The program became more comprehensive; by 1864 it was expanded to three years. By 1875, the program of study had reached seven years and the graduates were entitled to the degree of Medical Doctor. The next step came in 1898, when the Dutch East Indies government established  a new school to train medical doctors, named STOVIA ("School tot Opleiding van Inlandsche Artsen"). A school building was opened in March 1902, in a building that is now the Museum of National Awakening. The prerequisite to enter STOVIA was roughly the equivalent of a junior high school diploma. The schooling took nine years, so it was a mix between high school and university education. Many STOVIA graduates later played important roles in Indonesia's national movement toward independence, as well in developing medical education in Indonesia. In 1924, the colonial government decided to open a new tertiary-level educational  facility, the RHS ("Rechts Hogeschool"), to train civilian officers and servants. The RHS would later evolve into the Faculty of Law. In 1927, STOVIA's status was changed to that of a full tertiary-level institution and its name was changed to GHS ("Geneeskundige Hogeschool"). The GHS occupied the same main building and used the same teaching hospital as the current Faculty of Medicine. Many GHS alumni would later play roles in establishing Universitas Indonesia. After Indonesia gained independence, the Indonesian Institute for Higher Education (BPTRI) was established in Jakarta consisting of three faculties: Medicine and Pharmacy, Letters, and Law . The institute produced its first 90 graduate students as medical doctors in the same year. When the Dutch colonial army occupied Jakarta in late 1945, the BPTRI moved to Klaten, Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Surabaya and Malang. In 1946, the Dutch colonial government established the "Nood Universiteit" or Emergency University at Jakarta. In 1947, the name was changed to "Universiteit van Indonesië" (UVI) or "Universitas Indonesia". Following the Indonesian National Revolution, the government established a state university in Jakarta in February 1950. The name was "Universiteit Indonesia", comprising the BPTRI units and the former UVI, which was later changed into Universitas Indonesia  (UI). By 1950, UI was a multi-campus university, with faculties in Jakarta (Medicine, Law, and Letters), Bogor (Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine), Bandung (Engineering, Mathematics and Natural Sciences), Surabaya (Medicine and Dentistry), and Makassar (Economics and Law). The Surabaya campus became the University of Airlangga in 1954. In the following year, the Makassar campus became the University of Hasanuddin. In 1959, the Bandung campus became the Bandung Institute of Technology. The School for Physical Education, which was also in Bandung, became part of Padjadjaran University in 1960. In 1964, the Bogor campus became the Bogor Agricultural Institute and the Faculty  of Teaching and Education in Jakarta became the Institute of Teaching and Education (now the State University of Jakarta). By 1965, UI consisted of three campuses, all in Jakarta: Salemba (Medicine, Dentistry, Economics, Engineering, Science and the Graduate School), Rawamangun (Letters, Law, Social Science and Psychology) and Pegangsaan (Public Health and parts of Medicine). In 1987, several faculties from the Salemba and Rawamangun campuses moved to a newly built campus in the outskirts of Jakarta. The campus in southern Jakarta is known as the Depok campus (it is in the city of Depok). In the year 2007–2008, Universitas Indonesia underwent  substantial reform. Revenue was significantly increased from 800 billion to 1.6 trillion rupiah. The number of research publications has increased. This is also the case with the university's endowment fund. The rector of the Universitas Indonesia (July 2007), Prof Dr der.soz. Gumilar Rusliwa Somantri, is the youngest leader among university presidents in Indonesia. He has been elected to and serves on the Board of Directors of the Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU). According to the 2008 survey of "Globe Asia", UI ranked number first among the top universities in Indonesia. This report has been supported by a leading  Indonesian magazine "Tempo", which carried out a survey and analysis to rank universities and education in Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia has improved its research collaboration with international partners. In August 2008, the university won the Indonesia ICT award for the smart campus with best content and application. In terms of accessibility and connectivity, Universitas Indonesia has won an award because 90% of the university's area is covered by IT infrastructure and services with its 305 Mbit/s. connection to the Internet, and its 155 Mbit/s. connection to the Indonesia Higher Education Research Network (Inherent). Logo and philosophy. The earliest  form of the logo of Universitas Indonesia was created in 1952 by Sumaxtono (a.k.a. Sumartono), a student from the 1951 Art Department class, Faculty of Engineering, at the time known as the "Fakulteit Teknik Universiteit Indonesia", in Bandung. The logo is the kala-makara, a symbol of the two sources of energy in nature. Kala is the energy from above (the power of the sun), while makara represents the energy from below (the power of the Earth). The two powers are combined and stylized into a symbol that represents the function of Universitas Indonesia as a source of knowledge. The  logo of Universitas Indonesia carries the following interpretation: The logo design and the meaning it carried were presented to Srihadi (a student from the 1952 class from the same department) in 1952. Prof. KRHT H. Srihadi Soedarsono Adhikoesoemo, M.A. who created the logo of Bandung Institute of Technology, was not sure who authenticated this logo or when. He was sure, however, that it was printed on the cover of the book "Universiteit Indonesia, Fakulteit Teknik, Bandung: Rentjana Untuk Tahun Peladjaran 1952-1953" (Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of Engineering, Bandung: Course Plans for Academic Years 1952–1953), published by AID, Bandung, 120 pages , using the original design by Sumaxtono (without the pentagonal border). Each department / faculty has its own color scheme for the logo, for example: red for the Faculty of Law, blue for the Faculty of Engineering, blue-red for the Faculty of Computer Science, and sky blue for the Faculty of Psychology. Campuses. Salemba. The Salemba campus, located in Central Jakarta, is dedicated mostly to the faculties of Medicine and Dentistry. It adjoins with Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital (RSCM) as well as the University Dental Hospital. It houses parts of the postgraduate program, the Faculty of Law (Master of Law Science  and Law Science Doctoral Program), Faculty of Economics (Extension and Master of Management programs), the School of Environmental Science (Master of Environmental Science and Environmental Science Doctoral Program), and the Faculty of Engineering (laboratories). Depok. The Depok campus, in Depok, just south of Jakarta, was built during the mid-1980s to accommodate the modernization of the university. It is now the main campus. Most of the faculties (Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Humanities, Pharmacy, Engineering, Psychology, Letters, Economics, Social Politics, Law, Computing, Nursing and Public Health) have been relocated here. The Depok campus is alongside the Jakarta-Bogor commuter railway, offering students  easy access to transport by rail. Students also benefit from the frequent commuter bus services connecting many parts of Jakarta to Depok. Undergraduate teaching of the medical and dental faculties relocated to Depok in 2010. The main library of the university is on the campus, along with other facilities such as the Student Services Center, Student Activities Center, gymnasium, stadium, hockey field, hotel (Wisma Makara), travel agent and the dormitory. Depok campus is home to six lakes which are located across the campus. The lakes are Kenanga Lake, Agathis Lake, Mahoni Lake, Puspa Lake, Ulin Lake, Salam Lake (each name  initial comprises for word "KAMPUS", indonesian word for campus). Sustainability. Universitas Indonesia maintains 75% of its area for reforestation. Over 20 kilometers of bicycle path have been created and shuttle buses are provided for the students and faculty. The bicycles and buses are to decrease the number of vehicles in the campus. UI established the GreenMetric Ranking of World Universities in April 2010 to provide detailed profiles of participating universities who wish to make the necessary steps to promote sustainable operations. It is hoped that the rankings, when published, will promote a greater environmental awareness for all institutions of higher  learning of the value of putting in places and systems that will have a positive impact on global warming and climate change, particularly those that help reduce carbon emissions through efficient energy use, and alternative forms of transport, greening the campus and recycling. UI's GreenMetric World University Ranking to show the extent to which a university is ‘green’ and become the role model of a sustainable society. The new library "crystal of knowledge" at Depok used a sustainable concept. Not only in green area and transportation, Universitas Indonesia has relocated nine massive African baobab trees aging over 100 years  (one said to be 240 years old) to the Depok campus to prove the university commitment in going green. Facilities. Transportation. Campus bus. Campus buses are available for student transportation at the Depok campus for free. Locals call them "Bikun", shortened word of "Bis Kuning" or "yellow bus," as the buses are mostly that color. In 2005, Universitas Indonesia had a total of 20 campus buses. They serve regular routes in the campus area from Monday to Friday from 7:00 AM to 9:00 PM and Saturday from 7:00 AM to 2:00 PM. Campus bike. Since 2007, Universitas Indonesia has offered  a bike rental facility for its students. For the rent, students need to show their UI student card to the rental officer. The bike must be used on bike lanes and it must be returned to where it was rented or another bike station. Campus bikes can be rented until 5:00 PM. Others. The Depok campus is served by Universitas Indonesia Station (which is located inside the campus, close to the front main gate) and Pondok Cina (located outside the campus) stations within KRL Commuterline commuter rail system, while its Salemba campus is connected with Transjakarta Salemba UI bus station . Health center. The polyclinic provides free health services for all UI students. Students should obtain a free card and medical record before getting treatments. The available health services are general health service and dental service (including orthodontia). At February 2019, the RSUI (Rumah Sakit UI) or UI Hospital is launched while previously has limitedly served the internal campus civitas academica and staffs since February 2018. The hospital is located in the medical science complex (area rumpun ilmu kesehatan). It has the capacity of 300 rooms. Wisma Makara. The Wisma Makara ("Makara Lodge") is located on Universitas Indonesia's Depok campus  and considered to be among the finest accommodation in Depok. The lodge is well suited for public activities such as seminars, trainings, and workshops. Surrounded by natural forest and blue lakes, the atmosphere is tranquil. Student hall. Salemba Student Hall is one of the facilities under the management of the Students Affairs and Alumni Relationship Deputy. The building is often used for events such as seminars, meetings, etc. With a capacity of 300 people, it can be used by UI students and personnel, as well as rented for public use."" Library. The library at the Depok campus was launched on  May 13, 2011. Built on a 33,000 meter square area, this library is considered the largest library in Southeast Asia. Designed according to a sustainable building concept, the library powers itself with solar energy. It is smoke-free, green, and economical in terms of electricity, water and paper usage. Universitas Indonesia Library has the capacity to accommodate about 20,000 visitors per day and have collection of 1,500,000 books. Dormitory. Universitas Indonesia has two student dormitories, one in Depok (Asrama UI) and one in Wismarini. The first dormitory is located on the Depok campus and has 480 men's rooms and  615 women's rooms, with each accommodating one to three persons. The Wismarini dormitory is located at Jl. Otto Iskandar no. 38 Jakarta Timur and has 72 men's rooms and 111 women's rooms. The Wismarini dormitory is only for students who take lectures at the Medicine or Dental faculties and any program held at Salemba campus. Primarily dedicated for students for regular and vocation program, the maximum duration for rent in the Depok dormitory (Asrama UI) is 1 year. The facilities in this dormitory are rooms, canteen, wi-fi, campus bus, campus bike, automatic teller machine, praying area , and security. The foods and drinks served in this dormitory canteen are relatively affordable, and usually fully-seated by students. Mosque. Masjid Ukhuwah Islamiyah (MUI). Casually pronounced by its abbreviation "MUI". This mosque is in the Depok campus, surrounded by a natural environment and Kenanga Lake. Construction began on January 28, 1987, and it was used for the first time on September 4, 1987, for Friday prayer. This mosque is relatively located at the center of the university, making it commonly full capacity during Friday prayer. There are also large capacity parking lots in front of the mosque for convenience . The mosque is served by campus bus route, with bus stop dedicated to the mosque namely "Halte MUI" or MUI Bus Stop. Masjid Arief Rahman Hakim (ARH) at Salemba. Construction of this mosque, located inside the Salemba campus, was started in 1966 based on a UI rector's decree. ARH mosque's vision is to become the center of Islam on the campus, to produce modern Muslims who have both faith and scientific thought, capable of practicing religion and solving religious problems. Academics. Faculties. The university consists of 14 faculties, 2 schools, and 1 program providing courses at the undergraduate , graduate and postgraduate levels. Some graduate and postgraduate courses are managed by the separate postgraduate program. Ranking. In the QS World University Rankings 2019, the Universitas Indonesia is still the highest-ranked Indonesian school. UI has fallen in the world rankings this year, from 277th (2018 ranking) down to 292nd (2019 ranking), yet UI has moved up one spot from 58th to 57th in Asia. In 2020, UI ranked 305th in global and ranked 59th in Asia. However, in the Times Higher Education Rankings 2019, UI dramatically rose this year, climbing 200 spots from 801-1000th to the range of  601-800th in the world. However, in the 2020, UI ranked 801-1000th in global and ranked 162nd in Asia. In 2010, according to University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP), Universitas Indonesia was the best university in Indonesia and 1,463rd university in the world. The university scored higher than any other Indonesian university in the Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings of 2006 . It ranked number 395 in 2007 and 287th in 2008. Now, Universitas Indonesia is placed at 201 on the 2009 World University Rankings. Based on Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) Asian Top Universities, published in May 2011 , Universitas Indonesia rank was 50th place in Asia. In social science and management, UI secured in 14th position and followed by art and humanities at 19th, life sciences and medicine at 25th, while in IT and engineering it came in 52nd. According to the latest survey of Globe Asia (2008), UI ranked first among the top universities in Indonesia This report has been supported by a leading Indonesian magazine Tempo, which carried out a survey and analysis to rank universities and education in Indonesia. Student organizations. Universitas Indonesia offers students a wide range of organizational activities, those are: Research organizations . According to the university's website, there are numerous research organizations in UI: Center on nuclear medicine. In cooperation with the National Nuclear Energy Agency (Batan) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Universitas Indonesia will have a medical physics center at Depok, West Java campus, which will be operated in 2012 as cancer treatment center. Notable people. UI has produced over 400,000 graduates. Many distinguished figures, both Indonesians and foreigners, were granted the "Doctor Honoris Causa" (Dr. HC) from Universitas Indonesia. Distinguished figures, including: Sri Mulyani Indrawati (Managing Director and COO of World Bank), Jusuf Wanandi (Co-chair of Pacific  Economic Cooperation Council (PECC)), Prof. Mr. Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana, Taufik Ismail, Erwin Gutawa, Drs. Hans Bague Jassin received the title Doctor Honoris Causa in literature. Drs. Mohammad Hatta, the first vice president of Indonesia, received Doctor Honoris Causa in law. Prof. Miriam Budiardjo, M. A. received her Doctor Honoris Causa in 1997 in political science. Abdullah Gül, president of the Republic of Turkey, received his Doctor Honoris Causa title on April 6, 2011.