Fraternal Order Orioles
Fraternal Order Orioles is a social and charitable organization that was founded in August 1910. The organization currently consists of about 54 local Nests and affiliated Auxiliaries located in 9 States in the eastern United States. History. The Order was founded in Rochester, New York. The Order was originally named the Order of Owls, but another fraternal order of the name had a court issue an injunction against using that name. At its 1923 convention in Reading, Pennsylvania the delegates voted 241 to 8 for a modification of the Prohibition Amendment that would allow the manufacture of  light wine and beers. They also decided to only vote for congressmen who were in favor of such a prohibition. Organization. As stated above, local unites are called "Subordinate Nests"; state or provincial groups are called "Grand Nests" and the national structure is the "Supreme Nest", which meets in convention annually. The head of the order is a "Supreme Worthy President" and the head of a local Nest is "Worthy President". In the early 1920s the Order had a $150,000 headquarters in Buffalo, New York. By the 1970s the headquarters had moved to Reading, Pennsylvania. Membership. Membership came in  three categories: good standing, which made the member eligible for benefits in case of accident; social membership, which was membership without benefits; and honorary membership, which was for people who did not live near a local Nest. Women were eligible to join local auxiliary units connected to the local Nests. Had 143,000 members in 208 Nests the early 1920s, 12,649 in 1979 in 57 Nests and 10,000 members "about a decade later". Benefits. The Order benefits were allocated on an "ad hoc" basis for sickness, accident or injuries. This was not an insurance function, but more a form of charity  that the Order was not obliged to pay. Ritual. The Order had a ritual that was meant to be secret. It resembled many of the other fraternal societies of the day, with an altar in the center of the lodge room, a Bible, and prayers. In addition to the Initiatory Degree, there was also a Supreme Degree, both awarded by the Supreme Nest. The FOOs watchwords are liberty, integrity, on the Orders emblem. The order also has passwords, though it does not consider itself a secret society.