Reforma
Reforma is a Mexican newspaper based in Mexico City. It has 276,700 readers in Mexico City. The paper shares content with other papers in its parent newsgroup Grupo Reforma. "Reforma" is named after the Mexico City avenue of the same name, Paseo de la Reforma, which is in turn named after "La Reforma", a series of liberal reforms undertaken by the country in the mid-19th century. The newspaper emphasizes its design, variety of columnists, and editorials that denounce political corruption. The paper features weekly translations from selected articles of local interest from U.S. newspapers. These include "The New York  Times" and "The Wall Street Journal". The Sunday edition of "Reforma" formerly included a supplemental magazine titled "Top Magazzine," which covered celebrity gossip, Hollywood previews and interviews. History. "Reforma" was launched in Mexico City in November 1993 by Alejandro Junco de la Vega as an offshoot of his successful Monterrey paper, "El Norte". Soon after the paper's launch, he brought "Reforma" and "El Norte" together with his other newspapers--"El Sol" and "Metro"—to unite them under a single publishing company, which he named Grupo Reforma. Like Grupo Reforma's other publications, "Reforma" took great pains to separate its commercial division  from its journalism division. Journalists were forbidden from taking bribes and the paper was forbidden from selling advertising space to the subjects of its news stories. Junco believed that commercial success through selling newspapers and advertising was a fundamental aspect to establishing free press. To this end, he began offering food and fashion sections in "Reforma" and the newspaper became popular among the middle class. A new journalism model. In 1991, Junco implemented a model of community editorial boards that would eventually become the standard for Grupo Reforma. He invited hundreds of readers, thought leaders, and experts to participate in  editorial boards that helped set the newspapers' editorial agenda. Not only did this promote community involvement in civic matters, but it also ensured a diversity of viewpoints. Junco has described the editorial boards as promoting democracy and objectivity because its members are politically balanced and come from a wide variety of backgrounds. According to Junco, the system puts the power in the hands of the readers. Independent distribution. In October 1994, Mexico City's government-affiliated newspaper carrier union boycotted delivery of "Reforma". Junco led his reporters in the streets to sell the papers themselves. Junco also hired his own  vendors to create an independent distribution system in Mexico City. Transparency laws and judicial reform. In the early 2000s, Junco and the staff of "Reforma" worked with the Oaxaca Group (an initiative that brought together media outlets, legal experts, academics, and NGOs) to convince Mexico's political leaders to approve a landmark federal transparency law. The freedom-of-information legislation gave journalists, investigators, and ordinary citizens access to government information that had been denied to them for decades. "Reforma" was also part of a campaign against government censorship during the early 2000s. The paper publicly denounced defamation charges that government  officials (such as former Mexico City Mayor Rosario Robles) had levied against Junco and his reporters. These efforts persuaded legislators to decriminalize the expression of ideas. The news coverage provided by "Reforma" and other Grupo Reforma publications eventually persuaded Mexican legislators to approve a that instituted public trials and put greater emphasis on due process rights. Awards. In 2001, Junco and "Reforma" were awarded Spain's Ortega y Gasset Award for Journalism, which is presented annually to journalists whose work has demonstrated a "remarkable defense of freedom, independence, and professional rigor." Accusations of bias. The newspaper insists, like the other  publications of the editorial group, that it is non-partisan, with an editorial style favoring an ostensibly neutral point of view and publishing opinions from journalists of all political positions (such as Miguel Ángel Granados Chapa from the left, and Sergio Sarmiento from the right). Additionally, the newspaper alleges to have many fail-safes in place to prevent any partisan point of view. Despite its avowed independent editorial style, Reforma has been labeled as a right-wing newspaper in references by "The Guardian", the "Clarin", the "San Antonio Express-News", the University of Miami school of communication and the Princeton  Progressive Nation. Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador (as a presidential candidate in 2005) also accused the paper of this bias, and even denounced the paper of being a "press bulletin for the PAN". However, the paper itself has columnists who openly support Andrés Manuel López Obrador, such as Guadalupe Loaeza, Lorenzo Meyer and Miguel Ángel Granados Chapa. Another alleged bias of the newspaper is its being in favor of privatizing the electrical utilities. After the Enron collapse, this bias has diminished. Affiliations. "Reforma" is part of the Grupo Reforma. Grupo Reforma is a collection of Mexican media outlets. Within  Grupo Reforma, "Reforma" is an offshoot of "El Norte".