Anoop Chandola
Anoop Chandola (born 24 December 1937) is an American linguist-anthropologist, originally from Pauri (Uttarakhand, India), where he was raised in a priestly Brahmin family. Though his father and uncles broke their ancestral polygamous tradition he suffered from the aftereffects of polygamy. His father Satya Prasad was a World War II veteran of the Indo-British Army. He refused to shoot any Japanese soldier. The Indo-British army could have court-martialed him. Instead, they made him the Canteen Manager. He liked the job and thanked the Indo-British Army as he enjoyed whisky and cigarettes in the  Canteen. However, his mother Kishori warned him not to drink and smoke! Chandola was educated at the Christian Messmore Intermediate College of Pauri. After completing a year of intermediate education he joined the D.A.V. College of Lucknow for his second and last year of Intermediate. Before moving to the United States in 1959, Chandola was educated at the University of Allahabad and graduated with a B.A. in Economics, Sanskrit, and English literature. From the University of Lucknow, he received an M.A. in Hindi literature. Inspired by his classmates Nadir Ali Khan (later a professor of Urdu at Aligarh Muslim University ) and C. M. Naim ( later a professor of South Asian Studies at the University of Chicago) Chandola started studying linguistics at the Indian School of Linguistics held at Deccan College, Pune. There he was taught Indo-Aryan linguistics by Professors Suniti Kumar Chatterjee and Sukumar Sen. He subsequently obtained an M.A. in linguistics from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. in linguistics from the University of Chicago. He received a Ford Foundation Scholarship to study at the University of Chicago. As a graduate student at Berkeley and Chicago, he developed the Hindi teaching program with Professors John Gumperz  and Norman Zide. Among his mentors are Professors Prabodh Pandit (Universities of Gujarat and Delhi), John Gumperz (UC Berkeley), Edward Dimock, Norman Zide, K.C. Bahl, A. K. Ramanujan (University of Chicago), and Charles Ferguson (Stanford). The professors who taught him Vedic literature are Kshetresh Chandra Chattopadhyay (University of Allahabad), Murray B. Emeneau (UC Berkeley), and George Bobrinskoy (University of Chicago). While a graduate student at Chicago he claimed in his paper "Animal Commands and their Linguistic Implications" (Word, Issue 2, 203-207, 1963) that languages such as Garhwali contain peripheral linguistic features found in certain behaviors, such as communicating with  domestic or wild animals. His Ph.D. dissertation (1965) presents the first syntax of Garhwali, a central Pahari language of the Indo-Aryan group. He is one of the founders of the Linguistics Program at the University of Arizona. At the University of Arizona, he developed a Hindi program where he taught Hindi with his new method of language teaching. He named this method "Language-Culture Lab" where students perform various native cultural activities speaking the native language only. He also taught Indo-European linguistics which he studied with Professors Madison Beeler and Murray B. Emeneau (of Berkeley), Sydney Allen (of  Cambridge), and Eric Hamp (of Chicago). He learned the Garhwali folk music from the Dalit drummers, dancers, and singers of the Garhwal Himalayas. Thus came his seminal research of the Garhwali "pandau" ( a rap dance-music based on the ancient Mahabharata epic). His writings reflect his pro-Dalit (the socially suppressed classes) and pro-women stand. Religion is responsible for his stand. In his opinion religion is an alternate reality -- a cultural construct for the purpose of "behavioral satisfaction." He considers religion and science as part of parallel belief systems -- the former is based on superstition and the latter on  logic. His other stand is for animal rights. He and his wife Sudha (author of the book "Entranced by the Goddess: Folklore in North Indian Religion") live in Tucson and also in Renton (near Seattle) with their granddaughter Prasha, and son Manjul Varn Chandola ( a Seattle/Tacoma lawyer). Career. Chandola has taught Indian literature, culture, mythology, and religion at several universities in India and the US, including Sardar Patel University, the M.S. University of Baroda, the University of California-Berkeley, University of Washington-Seattle, University of Texas-Austin, and University of Wisconsin–Madison. His basic training of Indian music in  the U.S.A. comes from musicians Zakir Hussain (Tabla), Aashis Khan (vocal), and Rajeshwari Dutta (vocal). He is a member of the American Anthropological Association, Association for Asian Studies, Linguistics Society of America, and Linguistic Society of India. Though he retired as Professor Emeritus of East Asian Studies at the University of Arizona in 2003, his writing career continues. He is a frequent guest lecturer on Hinduism and related religions. He is listed in Marquis Who's Who as a recipient of Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award. Chandola has written scholarly books and articles primarily in the areas of linguistics , music, religion, and literature which includes extensive interdisciplinary and theoretical analysis. Publication of his seminal work "Folk Drumming in the Himalayas: A Linguistic Approach to Music" was supported in 1973-1974 by a grant from the National Science Foundation (Anthropology Program). This book and several papers advanced a new interdisciplinary field that he named "Musicolinguistics." Some of these papers include " Metalinguistic structure of Indian Drumming: a study in Musico-linguistics", Language and Style, II (4) : 288-295; "Some Systems of Musical Scales and Linguistic Principles", Semiotica, 2.135-150 (1970); "Aspects of Drum Knowledge amongst Musicians in Garhwal, North India", European  Bulletin of Himalayan Research 63, p. 72; "Stress Behavior in Musicolinguistics", The Performing Arts (World Anthropology), Proceedings of IX International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, ed., The Hague: Mouton (1979); "Musicolinguistics in Literary Esthetics" (in the festschrift for Archibald Hill). His Hindi publications and citations are not listed here. His researches in Musicolinguistics have been favorably reviewed in the leading journals of anthropology, ethnomusicology, and linguistics. He holds that his use of the term "Musicolinguistics" containing the prefix "Musico-" before "-linguistics" also suggests the evolution of music, e.g. humming, before language. Chandola is also a novelist who covers multicultural  themes. The motto of his novels is "inform and reform" (info-refo) with which he debunks harmful Indian religious traditions and advocates secular egalitarian society. An example is his latest novel "Mutilating Women", a Himalayan story predating the "Me-Too" revolution of abused women.