Language tax thirty-eight years. Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena (Weimar, 14 October 1638 – Jena, 3 May 1678), was duke of Saxe-Jena. He was the seventh child but fourth surviving son of Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Eleonore Dorothea of Anhalt-Dessau. Bernhard attended the University of Jena from February 1654 until November 1657. Subsequently, he was pulled into political affairs when his father sent him to Paris in order to strengthen the relations of Ernestine line with the King Louis XIV, hopefully through a marriage. The French king, however, made him wait 	Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena
15660324	Connect Business Information Network Connect Business Information Network Connect Business Information Network, formerly known as MacNET, was a proprietary dial-up online network with a graphic user interface similar to AppleLink. Launch. Mike Muller, a former VP of Apple Computer, launched MacNET in 1988. The mainframe end was programmed by Robert Lissner, the author of AppleWorks. The terminal software, also called MacNET, was sold through Macintosh software outlets and the network charged an hourly use fee. Growth and decline. In the early years, customers first had to purchase disk-based software as well as pay hourly online fees. There were two groups of customers	Connect Business Information Network
15660325	: one was members of the general public, while the second was special interest or corporate customers who would see additional dedicated content not available to the general public. The general public could make use of email, a 15-minute delayed stock price server, public message base, and download libraries. During the first year of operation, growth was significant, as MacNET represented the first time that a graphic user interface (GUI) was widely available to customers who had previously been limited to the command line interface of CompuServe and GEnie. At launch, a forum titled Mac Symposium managed by Stuart Gitlow 	Connect Business Information Network
15660326	was launched using the freeware and shareware libraries of LaserBoard and BMUG as a starting point. When the PC software became available, T. Bradley Tanner launched a comparable forum, PC Symposium. Use grew rapidly during the first years, but there was significant competition from America Online when that service launched one year after MacNET had launched on the Macintosh platform. While AOL had comparable hourly rates, they offered their software free off charge, distributing it widely both by direct mail and by user group and magazine distribution. Eventually, the MacNET service name and the company name were changed to CONNECT 	Connect Business Information Network
15660327	and the company began to focus on its special interest and corporate customers. Forum management, using Lissner's back end interface, was much simpler on CONNECT than it was using Rainman, the back end interface for AOL's forums, thereby keeping CONNECT viable for longer than it might have been otherwise. The software remained MacNET on the Mac side and PCNet came out for the PC market. By the early 2000s, Connect became web-based and closed within several years of the widespread adoption of the WWW standard. Connect Business Information Network Connect Business Information Network, formerly known as MacNET	Connect Business Information Network
15660328	Bobby Tiefenauer Bobby Tiefenauer Bobby Gene Tiefenauer (October 10, 1929 – June 13, 2000) was an American professional baseball player and coach. A knuckleball relief pitcher, he pitched for six Major League teams during a ten-year MLB career that stretched between and : the St. Louis Cardinals (1952, 1955, 1961), Cleveland Indians (1960, 1965–67), Houston Colt .45s (1962), Milwaukee Braves (1963–65), New York Yankees (1965) and Chicago Cubs (1968). Tiefenauer was born in Desloge, Missouri; he threw and batted right-handed and was listed as tall and . Tiefenauer signed with the Cardinals in 1948, beginning his 21-year pitching career, but spent only 	Bobby Tiefenauer
15660329	two full seasons ( and ) on a major league roster. In 1964, with the Milwaukee Braves, he had one of his better seasons, saving 13 games (eighth best in the National League) with an earned run average of 3.21. All told, Tiefenauer worked in 179 MLB games pitched, exclusively as a relief pitcher. He posted a 9–25 won–lost mark, with 23 career saves. In 316 innings pitched, he allowed 312 hits and 87 bases on balls, with 212 strikeouts. His career ERA was 3.84. Tiefenauer collected only one hit in 39 at-bats for a career batting average of .026	Bobby Tiefenauer
15660330	. The hit occurred in the fourth inning of the game between the Houston Colt .45s and the San Francisco Giants on September 29, 1962, and it was an extra base hit, a double, struck off one of the best pitchers in baseball that year, Jack Sanford, who would win 24 games for the pennant-winning 1962 Giants. Tiefenauer pitched six innings in relief that day, and also came up to bat in the sixth inning when he grounded out to shortstop. After his active career, Tiefenauer joined the Philadelphia Phillies' organization as a minor league pitching coach from 1970 into 	Bobby Tiefenauer
15660331	the 1980s, and served one year, , as the bullpen coach on the Phils' MLB staff. Tiefenauer enjoyed multiple brilliant seasons in the Triple-A International League during the late 1950s and early 1960s, posting a composite won–lost record of 49–15 over four seasons between 1958 and 1963. He was posthumously elected to the International League Hall of Fame in 2008. Bobby Tiefenauer Bobby Gene Tiefenauer (October 10, 1929 – June 13, 2000) was an American professional baseball player and coach. A knuckleball relief pitcher, he pitched for six Major League teams during a ten-year MLB career that stretched between 	Bobby Tiefenauer
15660332	Language tax Language tax The language tax is an economic concept proposed by the Belgian economist Philippe Van Parijs. It is intended to compensate countries with a less widespread language for their expenses for teaching and translation. Van Parijs points out that Jonathan Pool had proposed this kind of taxation in 1991 but criticizes Pool's proposal to distribute the cost of language learning on a per capita basis. An analogous concept is found in the work of the Swiss economist François Grin, who argues that such countries are implicitly paying an impôt linguistique" (literally also meaning "language tax") to countries with  a "strong" language. In a similar sense, the Italian Radicals party speaks of a "tassa inglese" ("English tax"). Language tax The language tax is an economic concept proposed by the Belgian economist Philippe Van Parijs. It is intended to compensate countries with a less widespread language for their expenses for teaching and translation. Van Parijs points out that Jonathan Pool had proposed this kind of taxation in 1991 but criticizes Pool's proposal to distribute the cost of language learning on a per capita basis. An analogous concept is found in the work of the Swiss economist François Grin, who