Queen Inwon
Queen Inwon (3 November 1687 – 13 May 1757; 인원왕후 김씨), of the Gyeongju Kim clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and fourth queen consort of Yi Sun, King Sukjong, the 19th Joseon monarch. She was Queen consort of Joseon from 1702 until her husband's death in 1720. She was honoured as Queen Dowager Hyesun (혜순왕대비) during the reign of her step-son Yi Yun, King Gyeongjong, and later as Grand Queen Dowager Hyesun (혜순대왕대비) during the reign of her adoptive son, Yi Geum, King Yeongjo. Biography. Early life. Born on 3 November 1687 during  the thirteenth year of the reign of King Sukjong, the future queen was the second daughter of Kim Ju-shin, entitled as Internal Prince Gyeongeun (경은부원군), and his wife, Internal Princess Consort Garim (가림부부인) of the Imcheon Jo clan. She had one older sister, a younger sister, and two younger brothers. Marriage and Palace Life. The 15 year old Lady Kim married King Sukjong on 3 October 1702, following the death of Queen Inhyeon and the execution of Jang Hui-bin in 1701. Technically, she was Sukjong's fourth queen consort, but is officially recorded as the third queen consort  of King Sukjong. Jang Ok-jeong was the actual third queen consort, but was ousted upon Queen Inhyeon's reinstatement. In 1703, she adopted Royal Noble Consort Suk’s son, Prince Yeoning, who was known to be her favorite and whom she regarded as her own son. In 1711, she came down with smallpox. Choi Suk-bin ordered the gungnyeo to go out of the palace and look for remedies among the commoners to save the Queen, who in the end survived. Life as Queen Dowager. Following Sukjong's death in 1720, she was honoured as Queen Dowager Hyesun (혜순왕대비 ). Although her family was Soron, she changed her faction to Noron after Sukjong's death. King Gyeongjong suffered ill health and was unable to produce an heir—or to do much of anything for that matter. During his reign, the Noron and Soron factions battled for power. The Soron faction were the ruling political faction and supported Gyeongjong, and the Noron faction supported his half-brother, Prince Yeoning. The Noron faction and his step-mother, Queen Dowager Hyesun pressured him to appointed Prince Yeoning as his heir. According to one theory, Queen Seonui opposed Prince Yeoning and planned secretly to  adopt Prince Milpung (밀풍군, "Milpung-Kun"), a great-grandson of Crown Prince Sohyeon, King Injo's first son. Two months after the King's enthronement, Prince Yeoning was installed as Crown Prince Successor ("Wangseje," 왕세제, 王世弟). Following the death of her step-son, King Gyeongjong, and the accession of her adoptive son, King Yeongjo, in 1724, she was honoured as Grand Queen Dowager Hyesun (혜순대왕대비). It’s said that during her time in the palace, Queen Dowager Hyesun wrote 3 books: "Syeongyun Yusa" (션균유사), "Syeonbi Yusa" (션비유사), and "Neok Ayukjang" (뉵아육장). Later life. During King Yeongjo’s reign, the Queen  Dowager received filial piety from her adopted son and his wife, Queen Jeongseong. On 3 April 1757, her adoptive daughter-in-law Queen Jeongseong had died at the age of 64 within Changdeok Palace. A month later, the Queen Dowager later died on 3 May 1757 in the thirty-third year reign of King Yeongjo at Changdeok Palace, aged 69. She is buried in Myeongreung in Goyang city, Gyeonggi Province, near the tombs of King Sukjong and his second Queen Consort, Queen Inhyeon. She was posthumously honored as Queen Inwon (인원왕후, 仁元王后). King Yeongjo’s son, Crown Prince Sado, from  Royal Consort Yeong, had been said to have grieved immensely; causing his mental illness to worsen. This was because the crown prince was close to his legal grandmother, Queen Inwon, and legal mother, Queen Jeongseong. His actions eventually caused him to die in a rice chest in 1762; five years after the queen’s death. Family. Parent Sibling Consort Issue Full posthumous name. She was given the posthumous title