Purpureocillium
Purpureocillium is a fungal genus in the Ophiocordycipitaceae family. The genus now contains at least 5 species with the type species "Purpureocillium lilacinum", a common saprobic, filamentous fungus. It has been isolated from a wide range of habitats, including cultivated and uncultivated soils, forests, grassland, deserts, estuarine sediments and sewage sludge, and insects. It has also been found in nematode eggs, and occasionally from females of root-knot and cyst nematodes. In addition, it has frequently been detected in the rhizosphere of many crops. The species can grow at a wide range of temperatures – from for a few isolates , with optimal growth in the range . It also has a wide pH tolerance and can grow on a variety of substrates. "P. lilacinum" has shown promising results for use as a biocontrol agent to control the growth of destructive root-knot nematodes. Species and phylogeny. "Species fungorum" and GBIF currently list: "P. lilacinum" was previously considered to be monotypic and was classified with the Fungi Imperfecti or Deuteromycetes, fungi for which perfect (i.e., sexually reproducing) states have rarely been found. ""Paecilomyces lilacinus"" was classified in the section "Isarioidea", for which perfect states had not been found. Many isolates of "P.  lilacinum" have been identified from around the world and it is accepted that variation exists within the species. Phylogenetic analysis of "P. lilacinum" isolates show that it is not related to "Trichoderma", "Gliocladium" and "Hypocrea" and more related to entomopathogenic genera such as "Hirsutella" and "Ophiocordyceps" in the Hypocreales.