Ralph Raico
Ralph Raico (; October 23, 1936 – December 13, 2016) was an American libertarian historian of European liberalism and a professor of history at Buffalo State College. Early life and education. Raico was from New York City, where he attended The Bronx High School of Science. Through the Foundation for Economic Education, Raico and his classmate George Reisman arranged to meet with economist Ludwig von Mises, who subsequently invited them to attend his graduate seminar on Austrian economics at the New York University. There, he met fellow seminar attendee Murray Rothbard, who befriended him. Rothbard and his friends Raico, Reisman , Ronald Hamowy and Robert Hessen formed a "self-conscious intellectual and activist salon" they named the Circle Bastiat. In the mid-1950s, the Circle Bastiat also brought Raico into contact with novelist Ayn Rand and her followers, informally known at the time as The Collective. Raico attended the first lectures about Rand's philosophy of Objectivism. Eventually, relations between the two groups soured, leading to an incident in which the Circle parodied the Collective, performing a skit in which Raico played the part of Rand's protege Nathaniel Branden. By the summer of 1958, Rand and Rothbard had broken off all  ties, and the groups stopped associating. Raico received his B.A. from the City College of New York and his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, where his adviser was Friedrich Hayek. Career. While at the University of Chicago, Raico founded "The New Individualist Review", a libertarian publication which first published in April 1961 and produced 17 issues until it ceased publication in 1968. Raico and other graduate students comprised the editorial board. Hayek and Milton Friedman and later economist George Stigler were on the advisory board. In 1981, Friedman wrote that he believed the publication had "set an intellectual standard  which has not yet, I believe, been matched by any of the more recent publications in the same philosophical tradition". Raico later became senior editor of "Inquiry" magazine. He was an associate editor of "The Independent Review" (a journal published by The Independent Institute) and a senior fellow of the Mises Institute which published his work on the history of liberty and the connection between war and the state. Raico translated Mises' book "Liberalismus" and various essays by Friedrich Hayek into English. Death. Raico died on December 13, 2016 at the age of 80.