Edmund Roßmann
Edmund "Paule" Roßmann (11 January 1918 – 4 April 2005) was a Nazi Germany Luftwaffe fighter ace during World War II. He was credited with 93 aerial victories achieved in 640 combat missions, among the numerous ground attack missions. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat. He is also noted as being an early mentor of Erich Hartmann, history's leading fighter ace. Career. Unteroffizier "Paule" Roßmann was transferred to 7. "Staffel" (7th squadron) of "Jagdgeschwader" 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) on 1 March  1940. At the time, 7. "Staffel" was commanded by "Oberleutnant" Herbert Ferner. The "Staffel" was subordinated to III. "Gruppe" (3rd group) of JG 52 headed by "Major" Wolf-Heinrich von Houwald. The "Gruppe" had been formed on 1 March 1940 at Strausberg and was equipped with the Messerschmitt Bf 109 E-1 and E-3. On 6 April, the "Gruppe" was moved to Mannheim-Sandhofen Airfield where it was placed under the control of the "Stab" (headquarter unit) of "Jagdgeschwader" 53 (JG 53–53rd Fighter Wing). On 1 July, III. "Gruppe" transferred from Jever Airfield to Werneuchen. According to Matthews and Foreman, Roßmann  filed claim for an unconfirmed aerial victory over an unknown type of aircraft that day. This claim is not listed by Barbas nor by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock. Roßmann participated in the Battle of France and Battle of Britain. He was credited with six aerial victories in the western theatre. In defense of Germany's southeastern borders, with its primary objective defending the oil fields and refineries at Ploiești, Romania, the "Luftwaffenmission Rumänien" (Luftwaffe Mission Romania) was created. On 15 October, the "Stab" and 9. "Staffel" of III. "Gruppe" of JG 52 were sent to Bucharest Pipera Airfield, followed  by 7. And 8. "Staffel" in late November. There, the III. "Gruppe" of JG 52 temporarily became the I. "Gruppe" of "Jagdgeschwader" 28 (JG 28—28th Fighter Wing). On 4 January 1941, the "Gruppe" again became the III. "Gruppe" of JG 52. On 25 May, III. "Gruppe" was sent to Greece where it was subordinated to "Jagdgeschwader" 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) and fought in the Battle of Crete. War against the Soviet Union. Following its brief deployment in the Balkan Campaign, III. "Gruppe" was back in Bucharest by mid-June. There, the unit was again subordinated to the "Luftwaffenmission Rumänien  and reequipped with the new, more powerful Bf 109F-4 model. On 21 June, the Gruppe" was ordered to Mizil in preparation of Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. Its primary objective was to provide fighter protection for the oil fields and refineries at Ploiești. Prior to the invasion, "Major" Gotthard Handrick was replaced by "Major" Albert Blumensaat as commander of III. "Gruppe". Blumensaat was then replaced by "Hauptmann" Hubertus von Bonin on 1 October. At the time, von Bonin was still in convalescence so that "Hauptmann" Franz Höring, the commander of 9. "Staffel", was also made the  acting "Gruppenkommandeur" (group commander). By the end of 1941 he had accumulated 32 aerial victories. On 19 March 1942, Roßmann and fellow JG 52 pilot "Leutnant" Adolf Dickfeld were awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (). From March to June 1942, he was posted to Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Ost as fighter pilot instructor and returned to his "Staffel" afterwards. Nevertheless, he almost doubled his score by the end of 1942 and claimed his 80th victory on 29 November 1942. At the time, he was an early mentor of Erich Hartmann, history's leading fighter ace. On 9 July 1943 , Roßmann attempted to rescue "Feldwebel" Ernst Lohberg who had crash landed behind enemy lines, approximately west of Oboyan. Roßmann successfully landed his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 ("Werknummer" 20154—factory number) next to Lohberg's aircraft. At this moment, the Soviet infantry arrived, while Lohberg was shot, Roßmann was taken prisoner of war. Summary of career. Aerial victory claims. According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Roßmann was credited with 93 aerial victories. Spick also lists Roßmann with 93 aerial victories claimed in approximately 640 combat missions. This figure includes 87 aerial victories on the Eastern Front, and further six victories  over the Western Allies. Matthews and Foreman, authors of "Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims", researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 93 aerial victory claims, plus six further unconfirmed claims. All of his confirmed aerialvitories were claimed on the Eastern Front. Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = "Planquadrat"), for example "PQ 44457". The Luftwaffe grid map () covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about . These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units  to give a location area 3 × 4 km in size.