Blood and Lace
Blood and Lace is a 1971 American slasher film directed by Philip S. Gilbert, written by Gil Lasky and starring Gloria Grahame, Melody Patterson, Len Lesser, and Milton Selzer. The film follows an orphaned teenager (Patterson) who arrives at a remote orphanage run by a madwoman (Grahame) and her handyman, both sadists and child murderers. Shot in Los Angeles in 1970 and released theatrically on March 17, 1971, "Blood and Lace" became a frequent billing on the drive-in theater circuit throughout the 1970s. At the time, it was considered to be one of the most gratuitous  films to receive a GP rating. It has been cited as a "proto-slasher film." Plot. Teenager Ellie Masters is orphaned after her prostitute mother and one of her johns are clobbered with a hammer, and the house set on fire. Calvin Carruthers, a detective investigating Ellie's mother's murder, takes an avid interest in her well-being. Ellie is sent to an isolated orphanage run by the sadistic Mrs. Deere, and her handyman, Tom Kredge. The day before Ellie arrives, one of the orphans, Ernest, attempts to escape, and is chased by Kredge, who cuts off his hand  and leaves him to bleed to death. After arriving at the orphanage, Ellie soon finds that Mrs. Deere runs it like a workhouse, and the children are forced to complete incessant physical tasks while she and Kredge split the monthly welfare checks. Harold Mullins, a social worker responsible for overseeing the orphanage, is easily swayed by Mrs. Deere and overlooks inconsistencies he observes in the house. Before Mullins arrives to inspect the orphanage and complete a head count, Mrs. Deere and Kredge retrieve the bodies of several deceased orphans from a basement freezer, and pose them in beds in the  infirmary to appear as though they are ill. Also stored in the freezer is the body of Mrs. Deere's dead husband, whom she occasionally speaks to as though he is alive. Carruthers visits Ellie at the orphanage, and she confides to him that Mrs. Deere and Kredge are exploiting the children. Meanwhile, Ellie's roommate, a teenaged girl named Bunch, grows jealous as Ellie competes for the affection of Walter, a 21-year-old who helps Mrs. Deere around the house. Ellie is disturbed when she finds Jennifer, one of the orphans, has been tied up in the attic  for days on end after attempting to run away; Ellie tries to give Jennifer water, but is stopped by Kredge. Ellie soon makes a plan to run away herself and find her biological father. Kredge agrees to help Ellie run away under false pretenses, and attempts to sexually assault her when she meets him in the basement; Mrs. Deere, however, stops the rape attempt. Ellie confronts Mrs. Deere about Jennifer, and expresses concern that she might die. Mrs. Deere explains calmly that even if Jennifer should die, that advancements in medical science will soon allow the dead to be revived  anyway. That night, Ellie awakens to a masked figure standing over her bed with a hammer, but Mrs. Deere assures her it was only a nightmare. The next morning, Ellie attempts to run away after finding Walter in bed with Bunch; she retrieves a suitcase, but upon opening it finds Ernest's severed hand. She screams in terror and attempts to flee, but Kredge locks her in the basement freezer. Pete, one of the orphans, witnesses this and attempts to warn the others. Mullins arrives at the house to inquire about the missing children and threatens to involve the police , prompting Kredge and Mrs. Deere to murder him and bring his body to the freezer. In the basement, the masked figure appears and attacks Kredge, killing him. Ellie manages to escape in the melee, and the masked figure chases her into the woods. Mrs. Deere drags Kredge's body into the freezer, but is locked inside by Jennifer, who has been freed from the attic. In the woods, Ellie finds Ernest's corpse before being confronted by the masked figure in a clearing, who reveals himself as Detective Carruthers. He explains that he knows Ellie killed her mother, and that  his suspicions of Mrs. Deere and Kredge led him to try and drive Ellie to run away in order to observe how Mrs. Deere would respond. Carruthers reveals he is romantically interested in Ellie, and uses his knowledge of her crime to blackmail her into marrying him. After she agrees, Carruthers admits to Ellie that her mother lost her virginity to him. Realizing she's agreed to marry her father, Ellie laughs hysterically. Production. "Blood and Lace" was shot in 1970 in Los Angeles, California on a budget of $200,000 with the exterior forest scenes being shot in Runyon  Canyon, which at the time was private property. The house featured in the film as the Deere Orphanage was empty at the time of filming. Star Melody Patterson was quoted as saying the production was enjoyable, as well as lauding Gloria Grahame's presence on-set. Given the film's minuscule budget, the filmmakers utilized music and sound effects from free library archives, resulting in compositions and sonic elements reminiscent of 1950s and '60s horror and monster movies. The film bore the working title "The Blood Secret", which appears on its original print. It was, however, changed to "Blood and  Lace" upon its theatrical release. Release. "Blood and Lace" was released on March 17, 1971 in the United States, and became a regular at drive-in theaters on double bills with other horror films. It was paired with such films as "Curse of the Crimson Altar" (1968), "Horror House" (1970), "Count Yorga, Vampire" (1970), "House of Dark Shadows" (1970), "Circus of Horrors" (1960), and "Murders in the Rue Morgue" (1971). Many drive-ins also screened the film alongside an array of Vincent Price films. Reception. Upon its release, "Blood and Lace" was considered to be one of the "sickest" films  to receive a GP rating (precursor to the PG rating), which allowed audience members of all ages to attend. This was attributed to the film's exhibition of graphic murder scenes, namely the clawhammer murder scene at the beginning of the film. In retrospect, Melody Patterson said that she had "never considered the film that gory because the effects were so bad. Even Vic Tayback's mask that he wears running around was phony looking." The film received mostly negative critical reception. "The New York Times" said of the film: "There's a good deal of blood and a minimum  of logic, or lace for that matter, in "Blood and Lace," which was exposed in local theaters yesterday, to illustrate, we assume, that horror can be both vague and silly... [it is] a low-grade exercise in shadows, screams, traumas and slayings that are largely more laughable than shocking." "The New York Post" said: "The story manages to keep you guessing all the way to its macabre end, if you can stand it that long." Ann Guarino of "The New York Daily News" said "The cast tries to bring believability to the plot, but the audience couldn't help laughing  in the wrong places." "The Motion Picture Guide" gave the film a middling review, stating that it "manage to keep some tension despite murky photography and muddy sound." A review published in "Variety" was also middling, noting: "Director Gilbert settles for fast pace to cover actors' inadequacies, [and] does manage to work up [a] nail-chewer climax... Miss Grahame makes some brave stabs at cutting through the silliness, but eventually succumbs to the uneven style of acting supplied by the remaining cast members." Home media. "Blood and Lace" did not receive a home media release in the United States on  either VHS or DVD. The film received a Blu-ray release from Shout! Factory on November 24, 2015, marking the film's first North American home media release in history. Significance. Although largely decried by critics upon its release, "Blood and Lace" developed a cult following through its presence as a regular drive-in bill as well as through television syndication in the late 1970s. The film's opening scene, which features a POV shot of the killer wielding a hammer while ascending the stairs and entering a bedroom has been oft compared to the opening shot of John Carpenter 's "Halloween" (1978). "Fangoria" has credited the film as being one of the first American "proto-slasher films," predating "Halloween", "Black Christmas" (1974), and "The Texas Chain Saw Massacre" (1974).