Connaissance des Temps
The Connaissance des temps (English: Knowledge of the Times) is an official yearly publication of astronomical ephemerides in France. Until just after the French Revolution, the title appeared as Connoissance des temps, and for several years afterwards also as Connaissance des tems. Since 1984 it has appeared under the title Ephémérides astronomiques: Annuaire du Bureau des longitudes. History. "Connaissance des temps" is the oldest such publication in the world, published without interruption since 1679 (originally named "La Connoissance des Temps ou calendrier et éphémérides du lever & coucher du Soleil, de la Lune & des autres planètes"), when the  astronomer Jean Picard (1620–1682) obtained from the King the right to create the annual publication. The first eight editors were: Other notable astronomers who edited the "Connaissance des temps" were: Among the other prestigious national astronomical ephemerides, "The Nautical Almanac" was established in 1767 and the "Berliner Astronomisches Jahrbuch" in 1776. Contents. The volumes of the "Connaissance des temps" had two parts: