Kosani Saddle Dam
Kosani Saddle dam is an earthen dam constructed on Karamanthodu in Thariyode panchayath of Wayanad district in Kerala, India. It is a saddle dam of Banasura sagar reservoir built as a part of Kuttiayadi Augmentatuon Scheme. The dam was built and is maintained by Kerala State Electricity Board. The Kuttiyadi Augmentation Scheme comprises a main dam known as Banasurasagar Dam, an earth fill dam and a concrete gravity spillway dam and six saddle dams namely, a) Kosani ( Earth fill dam) high b) Near Kottagiri ( Earth fill dam) high c) Kottagiri ( Earth fill dam) high d) Kuttiyadi ( Concrete  dam) high e) Nayamoola ( Earth fill dam) high f)   Manjoora ( Earth fill dam) high. All the dams, except Kuttiady saddle, are earth fill dams. The Kuttiyadi saddle dam is a concrete dam. The spillway is located adjacent to the main dam at the right bank of the original river course. The water spread area at FRL / MWL is 12.77 km The catchment area of Banasurasagar Dam is 61.44 km. Reservoir. The Gross Storage of Kuttiyadi Augmentation (Banasura sagar) Reservoir is 209 Mm3 and live storage 185 Mm3. The water stored in the reservoir is diverted to the reservoir of Kuttiyadi  Hydro Electric Project through an interconnecting tunnel. The sill level of diversion tunnel at inlet is 750.83 m. The size and shape of tunnel is varying. It is varying from 2.35 m dia. circular lined tunnel for a length of 890m &2.85 m D shaped unlined tunnel for a length of 3873 m. Maximum diversion is11.6 m3/s. The diverted water is used for power generation from Kuttiyadi Power Station. FRL of the reservoir is 775.60 m. Top level of dam is 778.50 m. There are four radial gates, each of size 10.97 m x 9.20 m. Crest level  of spillway is 767.00 m. Spillway capacity is 1664 m3/s. One lower level outlet is provided in the spillway structure at750.75 m of size 1.10 m X 1.75 m to release irrigation requirement.