Lismore, County Waterford
Lismore () is a historic town in County Waterford, in the province of Munster, Ireland. Location. Lismore is located in the west of County Waterford, where the N72 road crosses the River Blackwater at the foot of the Knockmealdown Mountains (Irish: "Sléibhte Chnoc Mhaoldomhnaigh"), the mountain range which divides the counties of Tipperary and Waterford. Demographics. As of the 2016 census, Lismore had a population of 1,374 of which 86% was white Irish, less than 1% white Irish traveller, 9% other white ethnicities, less than 1% black, less than 1% Asian, with 3% not stating their ethnicity. In  terms of religion the town is 81% Catholic, 8% other stated religion, 8% with no religion, and 3% not stated. History. Founded by Saint Mochuda (Irish: Mo Chutu mac Fínaill), died 637, also known as Saint Carthage (Carthach or Carthach the Younger; Latinised: Carthagus, Anglicised: Carthage), first abbot of Lismore (Irish: Les Mór Mo Chutu). The town is renowned for its early ecclesiastical history and the scholarship of Lismore Abbey. The imposing Lismore Castle, situated on the site of the old monastery since medieval times, lies on a steep hill overlooking the town and the Blackwater valley. It can trace  an eight-hundred-year-old history linking the varied historic relations between England and Ireland. Originally built following the arrival of Henry II's son, Prince John, in the twelfth century, the castle was a bishop's palace up to the sixteenth century. Subsequently owned by Sir Walter Raleigh until his demise, it was sold to Richard Boyle, controversial First Earl of Cork, described by historian R. F. Foster, in his "Modern Ireland", as an "epitome of Elizabethan adventurer-colonist in Ireland". In 1627 the castle was the birthplace of the First Earl's most famous son, Robert Boyle (of  Boyle's Law), known as the "Father of Modern Chemistry". Boyle was chased off his lands in Ireland during the Irish Rebellion of 1641, following which his sons recovered the family estates after suppression of the rebellion. The castle remained in the possession of the Boyle family until it passed to the English Dukes of Devonshire in 1753 when the daughter of the 4th Earl of Cork, Lady Charlotte Boyle, married the Marquess of Hartington, who later succeeded as, in 1755, The 4th Duke of Devonshire, a future Prime Minister of Great Britain and First Lord of the Treasury. The  Book of Lismore (original name: "Leabhar Mhic Cárthaigh Riabhaigh", meaning "The Book of Mac Cárthaigh Riabhach"), a compilation of medieval Irish manuscripts mainly relating the lives of Irish saints, notably St Brigid, St Patrick, and St Columba, also contains "Acallam na Senórach", a most important Middle Irish narrative dating to the 12th century, pertaining to the Fenian Cycle. The "Book of Lismore" and the Lismore Crozier (an enclosure for an episcopal staff, believed to be the venerable oaken staff of the founder of the abbey), were discovered together in 1814 behind a blocked-up doorway in Lismore Castle. Today, the  castle continues in the private ownership of the Dukes of Devonshire who open the gardens and parts of the grounds for public access via a changing programme of local arts and education events. The "Book of Lismore" is on display at Chatsworth House in Derbyshire, Great Britain, and the Lismore Crozier is in the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin. The medieval Lismore Cathedral, dedicated to St Carthage, variously damaged and repaired over the centuries, is notable for its architecture and the stained glass window by the English pre Raphaelite artist, Edward Burne-Jones. It has been a place of  worship since the 7th century but the current cathedral was constructed in the 17th century. A plaque has been erected in the town to commemorate the regular visits made to Lismore by Fred Astaire following an association developed by his sister, Adele Astaire, who was married to Lord Charles Arthur Francis Cavendish, son of The 9th Duke of Devonshire. A notable resident born in the town who has described her early life in Lismore, is the internationally renowned travel writer and world touring cyclist, Dervla Murphy. Another notable resident was George O'Brien, award-winning Irish memoirist, writer, and academic, who  was raised by his paternal grandmother in Lismore, described in his memoir "The Village of Longing: An Irish Boyhood in the Fifties" (1987). Transport. Bus transport. Since December 2015, improvements have been made to the frequency of the Local Link (formerly known as Déise Link) bus service. A bus shelter was also provided in the town. There are four services a day each way (Mondays to Saturdays inclusive) to Dungarvan via Cappoquin including a commuter service. In the other direction there are four services to and from Tallow where connections can be made for Fermoy. On Saturdays, a local bus  company operate a service to Cork. On Sundays, Bus Éireann route 366 links Lismore to Dungarvan and Waterford. This route only operates on Sundays and comprises a single journey in one direction (no return service on any day of the week). Rail. Lismore formerly had a rail station on the now dismantled Waterford to Mallow line and was served by the Cork to Rosslare boat train. The line and station closed in 1967 though the station is still extant. Notable people. The following people were born in Lismore: International relations. Twin towns — Sister cities. Lismore is twinned with Annalistic references . See Annals of Inisfallen.