Hüttwilen
Hüttwilen is a municipality in Frauenfeld District in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. History. Archeological sites and scattered, individual items indicate that there was a mesolithic settlement in the "Seebachtal" near Hüttwilen. In 1928 a Roman era estate was discovered in Stutheien which proves that there was a Roman settlement in the area. The modern municipality of Hüttwilen is first mentioned in 1255 as "Hutewiler". In 1466 the village came the rule of the Carthusian monastery at Ittingen. The monastery held the majority of the lower court authority over the village until 1798. In 1466 the church was  built in the village, under the monastery's authority. During the Protestant Reformation in 1529 the village converted to the new faith. The Catholic nobles in the village were able to reinstate the Catholic Mass at the church in 1551. Until 1961 the church was used by both denominations. In 1962 a new Reformed church was built. It was followed in 1964 by a Catholic church. Starting in 1551 the chapel in Uesslingen has been a branch of the Hüttwilen Reformed parish. For most of the village's history, the main economic activities were wine production, farming and fruit growing . Then, in the late 19th century livestock and dairy farming were added. In 1900 a hand embroidery plant opened, and into the 20th century peat was produced. The "Seebachkorrektion" (Seebach river correction) of 1857–62, and the land improvement projects of 1943-49 opened up new agricultural land. Agriculture was a significant source of income until 1960 when it began to decline in importance and was increasingly replaced by commercial companies. The largest employer is the structure and scaffolding Nussli Group., (2011: 350 employees in Hüttwilen and worldwide). In 1966 the natural and cultural landscape of the Seebach was put under  protection which limited development. Geography. Hüttwilen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 59.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 30.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 6.5% is settled (buildings or roads), or 3.3% is either rivers or lakes and or 0.1% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 3.2% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 0.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.3%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.4%. Out of the forested land, 28.4% of the total land area is  heavily forested and 2.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 54.0% is used for growing crops, while 5.6% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in lakes. The municipality is located in Frauenfeld District, in the "Seebachtal" between Frauenfeld and Diessenhofen. It was formed in 1997 from the former municipal commune ("Munizipalgemeinde") of Hüttwilen which included the former "Ortsgemeinden" of Hüttwilen (including Kalchrain), Nussbaumen and Uerschhausen. The lakes Nussbaumersee, Hüttwilersee and Hasensee are located in the municipality. Demographics. Hüttwilen has a population () of . , 7.7% of the  population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 2.6%. Most of the population () speaks German (93.6%), with Portuguese being second most common ( 1.4%) and Albanian being third ( 1.2%). , the gender distribution of the population was 50.8% male and 49.2% female. The population was made up of 664 Swiss men (46.3% of the population), and 65 (4.5%) non-Swiss men. There were 659 Swiss women (46.0%), and 46 (3.2%) non-Swiss women. In there were 15 live births to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same  time span there were 12 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 3 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 5 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 4 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 3 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 1 non-Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 13 and there was no non-Swiss population change. This represents a population  growth rate of 0.9%. The age distribution, , in Hüttwilen is; 174 children or 12.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 176 teenagers or 12.1% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 153 people or 10.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 172 people or 11.9% are between 30 and 39, 241 people or 16.6% are between 40 and 49, and 237 people or 16.3% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 159 people or 11.0% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 87  people or 6.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 41 people or 2.8% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 10 people or 0.7% who are 90 and older. In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 41.85% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (19.5%), the FDP (12.22%) and the Green Party (10.45%). In the federal election, a total of 598 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 58.0%. The historical population is given in the following table: Heritage sites of national significance. The former  Cistercian monastery and the prehistoric lake shore settlement at Üerschhausen are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance. The entire village of Nussbaumen is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites. The prehistoric settlement at Nussbaumersee is part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The monastery was built in 1703-23 by two Johann Mosbruggers (father and son) and Michael Rueff following plans by Caspar Mosbruggers. Originally built on a strongly symmetric floor plan, numerous renovations have changed much of the interior. Since 1848, it has been owned by  the canton and used as a school. Economy. , Hüttwilen had an unemployment rate of 0.67%. , there were 196 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 70 businesses involved in this sector. 225 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 22 businesses in this sector. 262 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 41 businesses in this sector. Religion. From the , 370 or 26.5% were Roman Catholic, while 790 or 56.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are 6 individuals (or about 0.43% of the population) who belong  to the Orthodox Church, and there are 50 individuals (or about 3.58% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 22 (or about 1.57% of the population) who are Islamic. There are 3 individuals (or about 0.21% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 111 (or about 7.94% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 46 individuals (or about 3.29% of the population) did not answer the question. Education. The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Hüttwilen about 77.1% of the population (between age  25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a "Fachhochschule"). Hüttwilen is home to the Hüttwilen primary school district. It is also home to the Hüttwilen secondary school district. In the primary school district there are 76 students who are in kindergarten or the primary level. There are 22 children in the kindergarten, and the average class size is 22 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 16 or 72.7% are female. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and lasts for 6 years. There are 26 children  in who are at the lower primary level and 28 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school is 18 students. At the lower primary level, there are 13 children or 50.0% of the total population who are female, 3 or 11.5% are not Swiss citizens and 2 or 7.7% do not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there are 15 or 53.6% who are female, 3 or 10.7% are not Swiss citizens and 1 or 3.6% do not speak German natively. In the secondary school district there are 184 students. They  are all in special or remedial classes. Of the students, 97 or 52.7% are female, 9 or 4.9% are not Swiss citizens and 6 or 3.3% do not speak German natively.