Pan's People
Pan's People were a British all-female dance troupe most commonly associated with the BBC TV music chart show "Top of the Pops", from the late 1960s to the mid-1970s. They appeared on many other TV shows in the UK and elsewhere in Europe, and also performed in nightclub cabaret. They were the second dance troupe to appear regularly on "Top of the Pops", succeeding the Go-Jos in May/June 1968. Starting with monthly appearances, they became a weekly feature of the programme following its revamp and time extension in January 1970, continuing in the  show until April 1976. As a result of line-up changes just one dancer, Ruth Pearson, appeared on the whole run. Due to their weekly exposure on British television the group acquired a high profile, and in addition as a result of the increasing number of preserved recordings from 1973 onwards, the 'classic' line-up which existed from 1972 to 1974 is still widely recognised today. The dancers in this line-up were: Babs Lord (born 1945) – member 1966–1975 Dee Dee Wilde (born 1946) – member 1966–1975 Ruth Pearson (13 July 1946 – 27 June 2017) – member 1967–1976 and choreographer on some  shows 1967–1970 Louise Clarke (3 September 1949 – 25 August 2012) – member 1967–1974 Cherry Gillespie (born 1955) – member 1972–1976 The principal choreographer for Pan's People's entire existence was Flick Colby (23 March 1946 – 26 May 2011), who was also a dancer from 1966 to 1972. Formation and early history. Formation from Beat Girls. The origins of Pan's People lie in the Dance Centre-based Katy-Dids, a six-girl jazz dance group formed in May 1964 comprising Linda Bywaters, Linda Lawrence, Jenny Ferle, Lyn Wolseley, Diane South and Ann Chapman. This group, renamed the Beat Girls following the  commencement of their residence on "The Beat Room" in July 1964, subsequently appeared on many music and light entertainment TV programmes in the UK and Netherlands. Following numerous line-up changes, by December 1966 only two members were left who had appeared in "The Beat Room", which ended in January 1965: The other members at this time were: Following an Equity-backed dispute with their management over pay rates for Dutch shows, three members, Colby, Lord and Wilde walked out and formed a new group on 8 December 1966 in London. After considering other names, including "Dionysus's Darlings" they  agreed on the name "Pan's People", named after the Greek god Pan as the "god of dance, music and debauchery". By 18 December, they were joined by two of the remaining three Beat Girls, Harris and Fergusson. This marked the end of the Beat Girls as a regular act on British television; however, with new recruits joining Diane South, that group continued their Dutch engagements from January 1967, finally ceasing to perform in May 1968. By Christmas 1966 Pan's People recruited Felicity Balfour (sometimes called Felicity Balfour Smith), who had briefly been in the Beat Girls, and had  been a schoolfriend of Dee Dee Wilde. Thus they formed a sextet, with Colby also acting as choreographer. Press accounts during the lifetime of the group omit the Beat Girls involvement from Pan's People's history; however, modern-day recollections include this time though sometimes incorrectly as a continuation of the previous group. Early work and line-up changes. Their first TV appearance was in the Belgian TV programme "Vibrato" in January 1967, with the initial line-up. In February/March 1967, Felicity Balfour's contract was terminated, due to her being unsettled in the group. After Pan's  People, amongst other subsequent activities she performed with the Denise Shaune dancers, and worked in musical theatre, notably forming part of the original London cast of "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat". Following an audition, Balfour was replaced by Ruth Pearson (1946–2017). Pearson like Lord was an original Beat Girls member, performing in the group until early 1966, then in a prior Beat Girls breakaway group, Tomorrow's People. Pearson also did some of the group choreography over the first two years in the group. The new line-up with Pearson appeared on "The Dickie Valentine Show" in September and  October 1967, replacing the Beat Girls from the 1966 series - all the Pan's People in this line-up except Pearson had appeared in the earlier series. The group were to appear in a ballet performed with the Yardbirds in December 1967, but it was cancelled shortly before it was to be performed. Also in December 1967, Penny Fergusson left to do other work, and was replaced by Louise Clarke (1949–2012) In February 1968 three of Pan's People (Lord, Colby and Wilde) appeared in the West German show "Beat Beat Beat" with Tom Jones. This series was unique in  that Ruth Pearson got sole choreography credit. In the final change before the "Top of the Pops" era, Lorelly Harris chose to leave in March 1968, ultimately going into the Bluebell Girls. She was replaced by Andrea (Andi) Rutherford. (1947–2015). Early management. Colby's future husband, James Ramble, was manager, initially in partnership with promoter Rik Gunnell, but solo by the time of his marriage to Colby in 1967. He retained this role into 1970, the year of his divorce from Colby. In 1970 he claimed to have created two rules, one that the dancers must wear their hair down , and second that they must get married rather than have partners, however the second rule was also reported later the same year as marriage was not allowed until the end of 1971. Following the end of his management, the troupe members managed themselves - later accounts of the history of Pan's People focus on this second structural phase. Early "Top of the Pops" (April 1968 to early 1972) and the 'Original' line-up. Section::::"Top of the Pops" before Pan's People. "Top of the Pops" began on 1 January 1964 as a weekly programme playing a selection of records from  the current charts. From November 1964, "Top of the Pops" had an all-girl dance troupe regularly appearing, the Go-Jos, formed and choreographed by another ex-Beat Girl, Jo Cook. Through to the beginning of 1968, professional dancing had been restricted to approximately monthly appearances by this group, performing to one track on the show typically where the artist couldn't attend. This situation began to change in January 1968 - whilst still in the Beat Girls, Diane South appeared solo on the show, dancing to the song "Judy in Disguise (With Glasses)". On several occasions Pan's People presented  brochures to the BBC with a view to appearing on "Top of the Pops", the last being in March 1968, but up to this point, they had not been employed on any BBC programme. Early appearances by Pan's People members. In late March 1968, the producers held an open audition for dancers on "Top of the Pops" to appear on 4 April 1968 to a routine to "Simon Says" by the 1910 Fruitgum Company. Four dancers were engaged, Dee Dee Wilde and Ruth Pearson from Pan's People (who along with the four other Pan's People had auditioned  individually rather than as part of a group), and Janice (Janie) Kells and Jackie Dalton (both later in the Young Generation). An established choreographer, Virginia Mason, arranged the dancing. However a BBC database recording band appearances only indicates 'disc' for this performance, omitting mention of dancers, so there is no direct evidence this performance was ever broadcast. Following the performance, the two Pan's People participants spoke to the producer of the show, Colin Charman, and persuaded him to hire Pan's People as a group. This led a further routine with three members of Pan's People (Wilde, Pearson  and Colby) with no extra dancers, and choreographed by Colby. The exact date and performance varies in different sources, alternatively: The two early performances are sometimes stated in contemporary sources as Go-Jo performances but the GoJos were not involved. Subsequently, the entire Pan's People sextet appeared in a routine set to "US Male" by Elvis Presley on 30 May 1968. The final performance of the Go-Jos was either to the 1910 Fruitgum Company, whose track was on "Top of the Pops" on 4 and 25 April 1968 or the Rolling Stones., transmitted 20 June 1968. By either  scenario, Pan's People were left as the sole dance troupe by July 1968. Following the changes in the line-up during their first year, Pan's People by the time of their first appearance on "Top of the Pops" were: This is often called the 'Original' line-up, though several dancers had joined subsequent to its formation. In summary: 'Disc' indicates the track is played with the accompanying footage either of the audience or dancers 'Promo' indicates a video is played Late 1960s and early 1970s. Penny Fergusson briefly rejoined the group for the Frankie Howerd show (broadcast August  to September 1969) when Ruth Pearson worked as a choreographer on the "" TV show (broadcast September to October 1969). In both 1968 and 1969, Pearson was co-credited with Colby for choreography on some shows. Two male dancers, Adrian Le Peltier and Gary Downie also occasionally accompanied the group between 1968 and 1970, in "Happening for Lulu", the "Bobbie Gentry Show" and "Top of the Pops". The group also did shows, their manager said in June 1969, "So far this year they have had 24 free days...to compensate it would be a bad week if the girls didn't  pick up at least £90 each". From November 1969, "Top of the Pops" began broadcasting in colour, Andi Rutherford appearing in the new colour opening titles. The earliest known footage of Pan's People on "Top of the Pops" is rehearsal footage for 1 January 1970 edition. From 22 January 1970 the programme was extended from 25 to 45 minutes, the group appeared weekly from this point on. Also from this date Colby as choreographer and the group began to be listed in the end credits of the programme and in the "Radio Times". They also appeared in the  opening titles as a group. Colby chose to concentrate full-time on choreographing the group's routines, with her last performance as a dancer in February 1972. She was not replaced, so the number of dancers reduced to five. Later "Top of the Pops" (1972 to March 1976). Middle years and the 'classic' line-up. Andi Rutherford married in December 1971; in September 1972 she ceased dancing due to pregnancy, managing the group till March 1973. She then left on maternity leave though she never returned, forming her own troupe, Sister-matic, in 1976. She was replaced as a dancer  in December 1972 by Cherry Gillespie, initially appearing in the show in gift-wrapping. Gillespie had featured on an edition of "Top of the Pops" broadcast on 22 January 1970, when she had been chosen as the best dancer from amongst the studio audience. Following this, Gillespie was booked to perform a routine completely separately from Pan's People on 5 February edition of the show, dancing to "Wedding Bell Blues" by Fifth Dimension. By this time the line-up was: On 23 May 1974 Clarke made her last performance, leaving Pan's People to start a family; Sue Menhenick  was selected to succeed her, and made her first appearance in the next performance a fortnight later. Dancing on "Top of the Pops". The dancers rehearsed three days a week for the show. Rehearsals began on the Monday morning prior to that week's show, with Colby scripting a routine, and a costume fitting later the same day. Rehearsals ended with a run-through a few hours before the show on the Wednesday. However, due to "Top of the Pops" being a chart show, problems could arise - Pearson recalled: "We can often spend three or four days rehearsing an intricate  dance routine to a certain record. Then, on the Tuesday, when the new pop charts come out, we learn that the record we're planning for the show has actually gone down in the charts, instead of up . . . so it's out. Dropped. We then have to do a completely different record number, and go on the programme with maybe only one day's rehearsal on it. This really isn't fair on us, because we are judged on our performance on screen. I'm sure viewers do not know that we've had to change the number, sometimes only  a day before we do the show". Late Pan's People. In August 1974 the group released a double A-side record "You Can Really Rock And Roll Me"/"The Singer Not The Song" on the Epic label with Cherry Gillespie on lead vocal. However, it did not chart. A second single, "He's Got Magic", followed in 1975 but was again unsuccessful. In March 1975, Carolyne Argyle joined the group. However, she left the group that June without ever performing, because she was viewed as struggling to learn the routines in the timescales needed for the show. Although she stated  an intention to continue dancing, she ultimately had an acting career. In September 1975 Lord left (after marrying Robert Powell on 29 August), and two members joined the troupe, Mary Corpe and Lee Ward. These were the last permanent additions to the group, and briefly brought its line-up back to six members for the first time since 1972. After planning to quit earlier in the year to coincide with her planned marriage and the unsuccessful membership of Caroline Argyle, Dee Dee finally quit in October 1975. "Blue Peter" presenter Lesley Judd became a temporary member of the group for  a one-off routine, dancing to "Rodrigo's Guitar Concerto De Aranjuez" by Manuel and the Music of the Mountains, transmitted on "Top of the Pops" on 12 February 1976. The rehearsals and behind-the-scenes footage of the routine were featured on "Blue Peter". Judd had been a dancer in the late 1960s and, as an occasional member, had appeared alongside Flick Colby, Babs Lord and Dee Dee Wilde in the Beat Girls 10 years before in the "Dickie Valentine Show" and in the Pathé film "Jetaway Getaway". She had also briefly been in the Go-Jos and Young  Generation so was in four prominent 1960s dance groups. The end of Pan's People (March/April 1976). In early 1976, the last remaining original "Top of the Pops" dancer, Ruth Pearson, now approaching 30, was looking to retire. At the same time Flick Colby and "Top of the Pops" production staff had become keen to develop a new group for the show, with both male and female dancers and also moving away from all dancers in the same costumes and performing the same moves. Ruth recalled: "Flick and I made the decision. The writing was on the wall when  Dee and Babs left. I think our time had passed". Senior BBC management did not have full knowledge of the intention to adopt a new group format, and later expressed disapproval of this change. By March 1976, the replacement group for Pan's People, Ruby Flipper, had been selected and began rehearsing, with just two of the existing Pan's People, Sue Menhenick and Cherry Gillespie, retained as dancers, with Ruth Pearson retiring. There was to be no role in the new group for the remaining two dancers, Mary Corpe and Lee Ward, but they continued to appear in Pan 's People while the Ruby Flipper rehearsals began. However, following the Pan's People performance transmitted on 1 April 1976, Lee Ward left the group. She was reported as saying, with regard to the change to a mixed-gender group, "It's a big mistake. Men rush home to watch sexy ladies. They do not want to see other men." Following this, Ward ended her career as a dancer. The line-up for the final performances in April 1976 was therefore: The final performance on "Top of the Pops" was on 29 April 1976 dancing to "Silver Star" by The  Four Seasons. The end of Pan's People went otherwise unmentioned on the show, though it marked the end both of Pearson's eight years on the show as a dancer, and Corpe's seven-month run. Mary Corpe initially joined Nigel Lythgoe's Young Generation but returned to "Top of the Pops" for two performances in Zoo in 1982. The following week, the mixed-gender seven-member Ruby Flipper made their first appearance on the show with Colby as choreographer, Pearson as manager, and Menhenick and Gillespie starting the performance on their own, then joined by the five new  dancers. Participant timeline. Most dates pre-1972 are approximate. The "Top of the Pops" era is denoted by the two red lines. Narrow width lines denote members not appearing on "Top of the Pops". The dates of Adrian Le Peltier and Gary Downie performing on "Top of the Pops" are not known. Work outside "TOTP". Among other television series Pan's People appeared on were: Surviving "Top of the Pops" appearances. Pan's People performed at a time when the BBC routinely wiped the videos of the "Top of the Pops" shows to save money on new tapes and because it  was not thought that anyone would want to watch the shows again. However, organisations such as the BFI and Kaleidoscope have spent time searching archives and as a result many recorded dance routines have been rediscovered. More recently they have found roughly 40 lost dances on home video tapes and have extracted digital footage from the very fragile analogue tapes. Estimated video survivals by year: Life after "TOTP". Even after their departure from "Top of the Pops" Pan's People were much in demand for personal appearances. Dee Dee Wilde continued to dance with and manage a new group of  girls under the name Pan's People: Pauline Crawford, Abigail Higgins, Patricia McSherry, Francesca Whitburn and Sarah Woollett. Also members for a short time during this period were the future Hot Gossip dancers Sarah Brightman and Carol Fletcher. In 1979, the troupe released another single "Magic Man"/"Club Lido" in New Zealand on the RTC label. "Club Lido" was subsequently released in the UK on the GM label. It failed to chart, and was correctly predicted to be a 'miss' when it was reviewed by the panel on an edition of "Juke Box Jury" broadcast on 18 August 1979 on BBC1 , when the group appeared as a surprise to the panel of Dave Bartram, Keith Chegwin, Dana and Bonnie Tyler. Babs Lord married actor Robert Powell and became an amateur yachtswoman and world explorer, with several trips to the Himalayas, the Sahara, both Poles and the jungle in Guyana. By 2013 she had visited both the North and South Poles. Lord was the subject of BBC's "This Is Your Life" in November 2001. She appeared on the final regular weekly edition of "Top of the Pops" on 30 July 2006, the only member of any of the show's dance  troupes to appear in person at the recording. Cherry Gillespie appeared with Roger Moore in "Octopussy" (1983), and was also in the TV series "The Hot Shoe Show" (1983–84); she sang on the album from the show. In 1997 she appeared as a panellist on Channel Five's nostalgia quiz show "Wowfabgroovy". Patricia 'Dee Dee' Wilde eventually married composer and musician Henry Marsh. Flick Colby died of bronchial pneumonia on 26 May 2011, as a result of cancer, at the age of 65. Louise Clarke died of heart failure on 24 August 2012 at the age of 62. In November  2013, Signum Books released the autobiography "Pan's People: Our Story", authored by Babs Powell, Ruth Pearson, Dee Dee Wilde, Cherry Gillespie and writer Simon Barnard. In April 2014, Babs, Sue, Dee Dee and Ruth reunited to model clothes for isme.com. Andi Rutherford died at the age of 68 on 3 December 2015, following a long illness. Ruth Pearson died on 27 June 2017, following a battle with cancer, at the age of 70.