German-Russian macaronic language
The German-Russian pidgin is a macaronic language of mixed German and Russian that appears to have arisen in the early 1990s. It is sometimes known as Deutschrussisch in German or Nemrus in Russian. Some speakers of the mixed language refer to it as Quelia. It is spoken by some russophone immigrants in Germany from the former Soviet Union. Grammar. Russian acts as the linguistic substratum, supplying the syntactic structure into which German words are inserted. The German content varies from speaker to speaker, but can be as high as 50% of the vocabulary. The situation  is somewhat akin to Spanglish in the United States. Gender may be influenced by Russian genders, as in the case of most words ending in '-ung', which are always feminine in German, but usually masculine in the mixed language because Russian nouns ending in a hard consonant are always masculine. However, some words inherit their gender from the German noun, as in the feminine "какая хорошая" from German feminine "die Überraschung", meaning 'surprise'. A mixed language makes greater use of the uncommon Russian auxiliary verbs "иметь" , meaning 'to have' and "быть" , meaning 'to be'. The corresponding verbs ("haben" and "sein  respectively) are very common in German. German verbs are often treated in a sentence as though they were Russian verbs, being russified by replacing the German infinitive verb ending. -(e)n" with the Russian "-". For example, German "spüren" becomes "шпюрить" - 'to feel', or "spielen" becomes "шпилить", 'to play'. The following features vary from speaker to speaker: