Acraea petraea
Acraea petraea, the blood acraea or blood-red acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in coastal forests from KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique, Kenya and Malawi. The wingspan is for males and for females."A. petraea" Bdv. (54 f) recalls "A. atolmis", from which it can be at once distinguished by the submarginal dots of the forewing. Wings above bright red to orange-yellow with the black markings strongly developed; discal dots 3 to 6 of the forewing are placed in a line vertically to the costal margin and are often enlarged and joined  to the median spot; the hindwing beneath light reddish yellow with red spots between the dots and red spots or streaks before the marginal band; the discal dot in 3 seems to be always absent. The females have a broad white or whitish subapical band on the forewing and the ground-colour is often darker, reddish grey to black-grey, particularly on the forewing. The dry-season form, "petrina" Suff., has reddish marginal spots at the apex of the fore wing. - Larva goldy brown with black longitudinal and transverse lines and black spines; head black with white angled spot; lives  on "Oncoba kraussiana". Pupa light brown to red-brown with black markings. - ab. "taborana" Suff, only differs in having the black dusting at the base of the forewing extended as far as the black dots in the cell and the discal dots of the forewing smaller. - "rohlfsi" Suff. (60 d). [now species "Acraea rohlfsi" ] After an exact comparison of the figures and description of this form with "petraea" I can only regard it as an extreme form of the latter, from which it differs in having the marginal band of the hindwing narrow and on the underside indistinct. In all  other characters it agrees with "petraea". The difference between "rohlfsi" and "petraea" is hence almost the same as between "atolmis" and "acontias" or between "atergatis" and its dry-season form. I have specimens of "petraea" before me from German East Africa which form a distinct transition to "rohlfsi", having the marginal band of the hindwing scarcely more than 0.5 mm. in breadth; this is, however, distinctly defined beneath by black streaks. Ukerewe Island in Victoria Nyanza. Biology. Adults are on wing year round, with a peak from November to February. The larvae feed on "Xylotheca kraussiana" and "Xylotheca kotzei". Taxonomy . It is a member of the "Acraea cepheus" species group.See also Pierre & Bernaud, 2014