Antillocladius
Antillocladius is a genus of midges belonging to the family Chironomidae, subfamily Orthocladiinae. The name "Antillocladius" means orthoclad (subfamily Orthocladiinae) that occurs in the Antilles, where it was primarily recorded. Distribution. The genus "Antillocladius" is distributed in the Nearctic, Neotropical, Palaearctic (East Asia) and Indomalayan realms. The genus was erected by Sæther (1981) based on "A. antecalvus" Sæther, 1981, from the British West Indies: Saint Vincent and Saint Lucia. Subsequently, Sæther (1982) described two new species from the southeastern United States ("Antillocladius arcuatus" and "Antillocladius pluspilalus") and emended the genus. Wang and Sæther (1993) described two additional new species  from Palaearctic and Oriental China. Andersen and Contreras-Ramos (1999) described the first species from Continental South America (Ecuador). The genus was revised by Mendes, Andersen & Sæther (2004), with the addition of nine species, plus two Japanese species transferred to the genus (Yamamoto, 2004). Recently the genus was revised by Mendes & Andersen (2008) with the addition of 7 new species from Brazil and a new combination of a species from India. The genus thus comprises: Characteristics. The species are based on male genitalia characters and only two females are described, "A. musci" and "A. antecalvus". The pupae are known of  only four species, "A. antecalvus", "A. folius", "A. musci" and "A. pluspilalus". The larvae are known of only three species, "A. folius", "A. musci" and "A. pluspilalus". The immatures of the genus are described from terrestrial and semi-terrestrial habitats, sharing the environment with many other genera in the subfamily Orthocladiinae.