Biebern
Biebern is an "Ortsgemeinde" – a municipality belonging to a "Verbandsgemeinde", a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the "Verbandsgemeinde" Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern. Geography. Location. The municipality lies in the central Hunsrück in the Bieber (Bieberbach) valley between "Bundesstraße" 50 and the "Hunsrückhöhenstraße" (“Hunsrück Heights Road”, a scenic road across the Hunsrück built originally as a military road on Hermann Göring’s orders). Biebern lies about 7 km west of the district seat of Simmern, and about 70 km west of the state capital of  Mainz. History. Archaeological finds from Roman times show that the Biebern area was settled quite early on. Furthermore, the oldest document from anywhere in the Vorderhunsrück (“Fore-Hunsrück”) deals with Biebern. According to this document, dated 15 June 754, a man named Eggiolt donated, among other things, a share of his woodlands at "Bibarahu in pago Nafinsie" (or "Biebern im Nahegau", as it is rendered in German – “Biebern in the Nahe region”) to Fulda Abbey for his own and his brother's salvation. Based on this document's date, the municipality of Biebern celebrated its 1,250-year jubilee in  2004. A 1026 document mentions a chapel in Biebern, making Biebern one of the Hunsrück's oldest church centres. In 1076, two years after the Augustinian canonical foundation was founded, Biebern, and thereby the Bieber valley too, came into the Ravengiersburg Monastery's ownership, binding the village's history thereafter with the foundation's, until this was dissolved in 1566 by Duke Georg of Simmern. Biebern was the centre of this monastic region on the Moselle. In administration and jurisdiction, Biebern played a special rôle, with the tithe court and blood court holding their assizes on the Itzelbach Heights at  Biebern. Until 1673, Biebern belonged to the Electorate of the Palatinate constituent Duchy of Palatinate-Simmern, and after this time, directly to the Electorate of the Palatinate. In 1689, a simultaneum was introduced into Biebern; Catholics and Protestants were still having to share a church about 1770. Beginning in 1794, Biebern lay under French rule. In 1815 it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna. In 1939, the old "Bürgermeisterei" (“Mayoralty”) of Ohlweiler was dissolved and Biebern passed to the "Bürgermeisterei" of Simmern. Since 1946, it has been part of the then newly founded state  of Rhineland-Palatinate. Politics. Municipal council. The council is made up of 8 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman. Mayor. Biebern's mayor is Marco Schömehl, installed in 2021. Coat of arms. The German blazon reads: "Von Silber und Blau gespalten; vorne ein durchgehendes schwarzes Kreuz, hinten eine silberne Waage, darüber zwei Kirchen." The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per pale argent a cross sable and azure balances below two churches all of the first. The black  cross on the silver field on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side refers to the Imperially immediate Benedictine Fulda Abbey, to which the nobleman Eggiolt bequeathed his woodlands in Biebern in 754. The two churches on the sinister (armsbearer's left, viewer's right) side refer to the two in the municipality. The balances, also on the sinister side, stand for the court at Biebern, held under the Ravengiersburg Augustinian canonical foundation's auspices. Culture and sightseeing. Buildings. The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments: Economy and infrastructure. Transport . Biebern lies about 4 km from "Bundesstraße" 42 and about 15 km from Frankfurt-Hahn Airport.