Green-cheeked parakeet
The green-cheeked parakeet ("Pyrrhura molinae") or green-cheeked conure is a small parrot of the genus "Pyrrhura", which is part of a long-tailed group of the New World parrot subfamily Arinae. The term "conure" is often used for this parrot and its relatives in aviculture. It is native to the forests of Central and South America. Description. The green-cheeked parakeet is typically long and weighs 60 to 80 g. It is mainly green, with a brown/black/grey crown, white periophthalmic rings, green cheeks, blue primary wing feathers, a grey beak, and a long , mainly maroon tail. It has short transverse striations on its breast and a red abdominal area. Males and females have a mostly identical external appearance. Males often may possess gray feet and females pink, but the only truly verifiable way to identify the gender of a green-cheeked parakeet is through a DNA test. Taxonomy. The green-cheeked parakeet has six subspecies: "P. m. sordida" naturally occurs as a common green morph or as a rare yellow morph (which however is more frequent in captivity). The yellow morph is also called the yellow-sided conure and was once erroneously considered  to be a separate species, "P. hypoxantha". As "P. hypoxantha" was described before "P. m. sordida" the older name goes first, therefore "P. m. sordida" is called "P. m. hypoxantha" these days. The green-cheeked parakeet is similar to the maroon-bellied parakeet ("P. frontalis"), and formerly there have been speculations that they were conspecific. It is also similar in appearance to the blaze-winged parakeet and the black-capped parakeet. Distribution and habitat. The green-cheeked parakeet occurs in west-central and southern Mato Grosso, Brazil, northern and eastern Bolivia, northwestern Argentina, and western Paraguay. Its habitat is forests  and woodland, where it usually forms flocks of 10 to 20 individuals at treetop level, or larger flocks where there is more food. It is also emerging as a popular pet for families and individuals. Diet and behavior. The green-cheeked parakeet eats various seeds, vegetables and fruits. The average clutch is 4–6 eggs. Average incubation is 25 days, varying from 22 to 25 days. They are the quietest of the conures and can learn tricks and have a limited vocabulary, with extensive training. Breeding. The green-cheeked parakeet nests in hollow trees. 4-6 eggs are laid, which are  incubated for 22-25 days. Aviculture. Green-cheeked parrots are common in aviculture and are popular companion parrots. They are playful, affectionate and intelligent, known as having a "big personality in a small body". They can learn to talk, albeit with a limited vocabulary and a gravelly voice. They like to be held (although some like it more than others) and can learn tricks such as lying on their backs, "kissing," shaking, hanging upside down and even can be potty trained. Green-cheeked parrots are not very loud at most times, so even an apartment dweller can enjoy their companionship . They can be prone to biting, particularly when young, but an owner can cure this behavior with patience and time. They love fruits, (especially bananas and raisins), and seeds such as sunflower, safflower, and hemp seeds—all found in their natural environments. Green-cheeked parrots also love table food—they are flock animals and love to eat with their family. They can eat potatoes, carrots, corn, bread, pasta, and plain popcorn. A clipped and/or caged bird can become obese from eating too many fatty seeds such as sunflower seeds and peanuts. A bird-pellet diet with a calcium supplement provides  proper nutrition and should comprise 60–70% of their diet. An ideal diet is 70% pellet, 20% fruit and vegetables and <10% treat items. Parrots with health problems related to the kidneys should not be fed a high protein diet, as it may lead to gout; veterinarian prescribed low-protein diets are available for birds with such conditions. Green-cheeked parakeets often live 25 to 30 years in captivity if raised in . Color Variations. In addition to the natural color forms, color varieties have been selectively bred in aviculture: