International Federation of Film Critics
The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI, short for Fédération Internationale de la PRESse CInématographique) is an association of national organizations of professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for "the promotion and development of film culture and for the safeguarding of professional interests." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels, Belgium. At present it has members in more than 50 countries worldwide. FIPRESCI Award. The FIPRESCI often gives out awards during film festivals (such as at the Vienna International Film Festival, the Toronto International Film Festival, the Cannes Film Festival , the Venice Film Festival, the Warsaw Film Festival, and the International Film Festival of Kerala) to recognize examples of enterprising filmmaking. Winners of the award include: Robert Bresson refused this award at the 1974 Cannes Film Festival. FIPRESCI Grand Prix. The FIPRESCI Grand Prix was created in 1999, and is presented every year at the San Sebastián Film Festival. It is the federation’s most representative acknowledgement, as it is not chosen by a jury (like the international critics prize awarded to a film from a festival program), but is elected by all members, and all feature-length productions of  the previous twelve months are eligible. Winners. Paul Thomas Anderson is the only director to win this award three times. Journal. As of 2005, it also offers an online cinema journal, "Undercurrents," edited by film critic Chris Fujiwara.