Burgsponheim
Burgsponheim is an "Ortsgemeinde" – a municipality belonging to a "Verbandsgemeinde", a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the "Verbandsgemeinde" of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the municipality of Rüdesheim an der Nahe. Burgsponheim is a winegrowing centre. Geography. Location. Burgsponheim is one of the smaller municipalities in the "Verbandsgemeinde" of Rüdesheim with roughly 300 inhabitants. It lies on a hill above the Ellerbach valley and is framed on all sides by woodland, meadows and vineyards, leading through which are hiking trails. Burgsponheim lies between the Soonwald and the Nahe , 15 km west of Bad Kreuznach and about 50 km west of Mainz. For centuries it was characterized by agriculture and winegrowing, but over the last thirty years or so it has undergone a shift to an almost purely residential community. Neighbouring municipalities. Clockwise from the north, Burgsponheim's neighbours are the municipality of Sponheim, the municipality of Waldböckelheim and the municipality of Bockenau. Constituent communities. Also belonging to Burgsponheim is the outlying homestead of Akvas Mühle. History. What is now the land making up Burgsponheim began to be settled sometime about the 10th century when the Counts of Sponheim  began building work on their castle (the "Burg—" prefix in the village's name means “castle”; the rest of the name is drawn from the comital family's name). The castle had its first documentary mention in 1127. A man named "Bertoldus clericus, capellanus de castro Spanheim" (“Bertoldus the cleric, chaplain at Castle Sponheim”) appeared among the series of witnesses to a document signed by Count Meginhard of Sponheim. A further document from Archbishop of Mainz Adalbert in that same year described that same nobleman as "commes Megenhardus de castro Spanheim" (“Count Megenhardus from Castle Sponheim”). In the early 13th  century, the Counts of Sponheim moved their residential and administrative seat, formerly at Castle Kautzenburg, to Kreuznach. This, and the later division of the Counts of Sponheim into the Starkenburg and Kreuznach lines led to the original Castle Sponheim gradually losing its importance about 1235. In 1620, during the Thirty Years' War, the whole castle complex was destroyed by the Spanish general Spinola. The village's situation, along with the wartime predicament in which its agriculture then found itself is documented in depth in Sebastian Wendell's "Burgsponheimer Tagebuch" (journal). This book, kept in the years 1639 to 1646, is  available today in a reprint edition. During the war, the village was often overrun. Many times, the villagers fled for shelter at the "Schloss" in Winterburg. Many were killed in the war's ravages. In 1721, a simple church was set up in the former “tithe barn”. The building was given a ridge turret. Bit by bit, the village grew. A great number of the buildings that now stand in the village centre date from the late 18th or early 19th century. Around the village arose a belt of newer, bigger properties. From 1896 to 1936, the Kreuznach-Winterburg "Kleinbahn  line led by Burgsponheim and had stops at the mills in the Ellerbach valley. This line is nowadays used as a cycle path and hiking trail and is part of the Verbandsgemeinde" of Rüdesheim cycle path circuit (about 35 km long). Burgsponheim won first place in the main class in the contest "Unser Dorf soll schöner werden" (“Our village should become lovelier”) or "Unser Dorf hat Zukunft" (“Our village has a future” – both names are printed on the certificates) at the district level in 2002, and third place in the special class in 2003. Population development. Burgsponheim's population development  since Napoleonic times is shown in the table below. The figures for the years from 1871 to 1987 are drawn from census data. Religion. As at 31 August 2013, there are 246 full-time residents in Burgsponheim, and of those, 163 are Evangelical (66.26%), 40 are Catholic (16.26%) and 43 (17.48%) either have no religion or will not reveal their religious affiliation. Politics. Municipal council. The council is made up of 6 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman. Mayor. Burgsponheim's mayor is  Simone Bopp-Schmid. Coat of arms. The municipality's arms might be described thus: Per pale chequy of twenty-one argent and gules and gules issuant from base a tower embattled with six windows, two, two and two on a pedestal masoned sable, the whole of the first. Culture and sightseeing. Buildings. The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments: Clubs. The following clubs are active in Burgsponheim: Village song. Burgsponheim has a village song called "Mein Burgsponheim", with melody by Chr. Etten and lyrics by Ludwig Hand from Burgsponheim. These are translated  below. Economy and infrastructure. Transport. Running through Burgsponheim is "Kreisstraße" 55, which towards the southeast leads to "Bundesstraße" 41, which itself leads to Bad Sobernheim to the west and Rüdesheim an der Nahe and Bad Kreuznach to the east. Just beyond Bad Kreuznach is an interchange onto Autobahn A 61 (Koblenz–Ludwigshafen). Serving neighbouring Waldböckelheim is a railway station on the Nahe Valley Railway (Bingen–Saarbrücken).