ART NOUVEAU | DESIGN / ONTWERP
CAPS: Gr 11- Term2 and 4(revision) / Kwartaal 2 en 4(hersiening) CAPS: Gr 12 – Revision / Hersien
The ART NOUVEAU movement / Die ART NOUVEAU kunsstyl
Left: “The Kiss” by Peter Behrens. Right: “Staircase in the Hotel Tassel” by the architect, Victor Horta
It grew out of the Arts and Crafts movement so some of the aims were similar: To establish close links between artists and craftsmen in the design of products. To revive the tradition of using skilled craftsmen. Different in that: They did not reject the idea of factory made goods.
Instead they wanted to transfer the quality of handmade products to factory made products and make use of modern materials, e.g. metal and steel (wrought iron work).
Japanese art (woodprints), with its: Simple, flowing decorative lines Stylised forms Grid patterns of room interiors Decorative patterns on fans and kimonos. Contrasts between open and detailed areas.
Celtic Art and its: Elaborate, curving linear designs. Decorative twisting ribbon like patterns.
Viking designs with their: Fine lines and spirals. Lavish ornamentation and romantic ideas.
Symbolism (an art movement of that time period) with its: Flat forms and flat areas of colour. Organic, curved outlines. Sensual designs-curves based on nature and the female form.
The Arts and Crafts movement: Inspired by their natural flowing forms.
Late Gothic style: Its flamboyant lines and stained glass.
French Rococo Art Period: The delicate lines and forms as well as the light, playful atmosphere of movement influenced Art Nouveau.
Subject matter: animals, birds and plants. Very stylised roses (Rennie Mackintosh), sunflowers, lilies and peacocks as well as sensuous female forms.
Products: textiles, ceramics, metal work, glassware, jewellery, furniture and architecture.
Materials: exotic materials, e.g. mother-of-pearl, lapis lazuli, ivory, iridescent coloured glass added to metal, ceramic jewellery ware and even furniture and wrought iron.
Elements of Design: Line: whiplash line or serpentine line. Curvilinear and languid lines that are continuous and create stylised shapes. Shape and Form: Organic curvilinear shapes that reflect the rhythm of the whiplash line. Colour: For interiors they used subtle and subdued pastel colours, e.g. pinks, yellows and greens. Colour: Flat matt colour contained within curving outlines, generally used for poster illustrations, e.g. Posters by Mucha.
Principles of Design: Balance: predominantly asymmetrical. Contrast: Large and small forms. Cool colours against warm ones. Movement: the repetition of the whiplash line creates a sense of movement.
Designer: Louis Comfort Tiffany Designed jewellery and stained glass. Famous for his stained glass lamps.
Design: Lamps (e.g. the Grapevine lamp) Lampshade made of glass mosaic pieces inserted into metal frames like stained glass windows. Subject grapes and grapevine leaves.
Designer: Victor Horta Belgian architect known for wrought iron work, which was used and integrated into architectural designs.
Design: Staircase in the Hotel Tassel in Brussels (1893). Makes clear use of the whiplash line, which repeats the curvilinear lines in the floor decoration.
Dit het gegroei uit die Kuns en Kunsvlyt-beweging sodat van die doelstellings ooreenstem: Hulle strewe daarna om die sterwende tradisies van vaardighede en vakmanskap te laat herleef. ŉ Begeerte om nouer bande te vestig tussen die kunstenaar en die vakman.
Verskillend in die dat: hulle nie die idee van fabriek-gemaakte goedere verwerp nie. hulle inteendeel die kwaliteit van handgemaakte produkte aan fabrieksvervaardigde wou oorplaas en gebruik te maak van modern stowwe soos metaal en staal (ru-yster werke).
Japanese kuns (houtsneewerk), met hul: eenvoudige, vloeiende, dekoratiewe lyne, plat kleurareas en elegante ontwerpe. Die roosterpatrone van Japanese interieurs dekoratiewe detail op voorwerpe soos waaiers en kimono‟s. Kontraste tussen oop en gedetailleerde areas.
Keltiese ontwerpe: en die kunsvorme met hul hewige kurwes en liniêre ontwerpe, wat op ŉ dekoratiewe manier in mekaar weef.
Viking ontwerpe met hul: Fyn lyne en spirale Romantiese idees en oordadige versiering.
Simbolisme (die kunsbeweging van daardie tyd) en hul: verwerping van perspektief, hul plat vorms en plat kleurareas, hul gebruik van organiese, kurwende buitelyne, sensuele onderwerpe gebaseer op die natuur en die vroulike vorm.
Die Kuns- en Kunsvlytbeweging: Geïnspireer deur hul natuurlike, vloeiende vorms.
Laat Gotiese styl: Hul flambojante lyne en gebrandskilderde glas.
Franse Rokoko Kunsperiode: Die delikate lyne en vorms, sowel as die ligte, speelse atmosfeer van beweging beïnvloed Art Nouveau.
Onderwerp: diere, voëls, plante, gestileerde rose, sonneblomme, lelies, poue en die sensuele vroulike vorm.
Produkte: tekstiele, breekware, metaalwerke, glasware, juweliersware, meubels en argitektuur.
Materiale: Eksotiese materiale soos perlemoenskulp, lapis-lazuli, horing, ivoor en wisselkleurige glas.
Elemente van Ontwerp: Lyn: Die gebruik van die slangvormige, sweepslag-lyn om gestileerde en eenvoudige vorme te skep. Vorm: Die vloeiende kurwes en vorms wat gebruik word om meubels en ander voorwerpe te ontwerp weerspieël die ritme van die sweepslag-lyn. Kleur: subtiel en gedemp, soos pastel-geel, -pienk en -groen. Plat „matt‟ kleur word omsluit deur die kromagtige lyn. Komposisie is altyd asimmetries gebalanseerd.
Beginsels van Ontwerp: Balans: hoofsaaklik asimmetries. Kontras: Groot en klein vorms. Koel kleure teenoor warmes. Beweging: die herhaling van die sweepslaglyn skep ŉ gevoel van beweging.
Ontwerper: Louis Comfort Tiffany- Ontwerp juweliersware en gebrandskilderde glas. Beroemd vir sy gebrandskilderde glaslampe.
Ontwerp: Lampe (bv. die Druiwetros-lamp) Lamp gemaak uit glasmosaïekstukke in metaalraamwerke gevoeg soos gebrandskilderde glasvensters. Onderwerp: druiwe en druiweprieëlblare.
Ontwerper: Victor Horta Belgiese argitek gebruik gegote yster vir dekoratiewe detail in trappe en balkon-strukture op so ŉ wyse dat dit lyk of dit deel is van die eintlike bou-materiaal.
Ontwerp: Trappe in die Hotel in Tassel – Brussels (1893). Maak duidelik gebruik van die sweepslaglyn wat die kurwende lyne van die vloerversiering herhaal.
TIP: Follow this link→ VIEW designs / art pieces to view work from this era.
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CLASSIC / ANCIENT ART MOVEMENTS
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