ANNA 1B
ANNA 1B (acronym for "Army, Navy, NASA, Air Force") was a United States satellite launched on October 31, 1962 from Cape Canaveral, on a Thor rocket. Features. ANNA 1B's predecessor launched on May 10, 1962, but failed to reach orbit. ANNA 1B was a US Navy geodetic satellite launched from Cape Canaveral by a Thor Able Star rocket. The mission profile involved ANNA serving as a reference for making precise geodetic surveys, allowing measurement of the force and direction of the gravity field of Earth, locating the middle of land masses and establishing surface positions. ANNA 1B  was spherically shaped with a diameter of 0.91 meters and a weight of 161 kg. It was powered by a band of solar cells located around its equator supported by nickel-cadmium batteries. A communications antenna was wrapped around the spiral surface of the satellite. The ship's instrumentation included optical systems, radio location, and Doppler radar. The optical system consisted of a high intensity beacon which transmits a series of five flashes with a period of 5.6 seconds. This allowed one to accurately measure land masses by ground-to-sky satellite photographs (optical tracking or stellar triangulation). The Doppler  radar system could also be programmed from the ground control station and allowed geopositioning with an accuracy of 20 meters or less.