Direct Star
Direct Star was a French free-to-air music television channel owned by Vincent Bolloré, that launched and replaced Virgin 17 on 1 September 2010. The channel has been replaced on 7 October 2012 by D17 after being bought by the French group Canal+. History. Bolloré's development in TNT. On June 10, 2010, Bolloré group, already owner of Direct 8, bought the Virgin 17 channel from Lagardère Active for a sum that would amount to approximately €70 million, excluding the takeover of staff (20 people) and part of the programs. On July 12, 2010, the CSA  gives its agreement for this repurchase. Yannick Bolloré, future general manager of the channel, indicates that it will be called Direct Star and announces its intention to keep the musical format of the channel and even to "« strengthen the place of music in the first and second part of the evening »" in a "« more urban and contemporary" "»" universe. Bolloré group appoints Christophe Sabot (former manager at NRJ and Virgin 17) as director of the channel. On July 27, 2010, the group unveiled in a press release the new identity of Direct Star created by the Parisian agency "Dream On", which  is part of the graphic charter of the group's media activities. The Direct Star website goes live on August 16, 2010. On September 1, 2010 at midnight, Direct Star took over from Virgin 17 and broadcast its first music video, Alejandro de Lady Gaga, in full version. That same day, at 8 pm, Direct Star officially replaces Virgin 17, with a giant alarm clock-shaped countdown as a launch program followed by a parody of an episode of the 30 Rock series. After its thematic evening devoted to music with "Star Story", the channel launched, on Thursday 2 December , "Star Report", a new thematic evening devoted to the world of luxury. On December 17, 2010, Direct Star was the first TNT channel to broadcast a live concert. This is -M- who ended his tour "Les Saisons de passage", at Paris-Bercy. On December 26, 2010, Direct Star broadcast unpublished images of the last concerts and an exclusive interview with Jean-Michel Jarre. Numericable will broadcast an exclusive 3D program on "My 3D Channel". Wednesday July 1, 2012, in an opinion that the CSA published on the sale of the two chains of the Bolloré group, the financial losses of  these two chains appeared. Over the 2005-2010 period, Direct Star lost 61 million euros. Since the chain did not belong to Bolloré, but to Lagardère before mid-2010, the group is not responsible for these losses. In 2010, on a turnover of 23.7 million euros, the channel suffered an operating loss of 13.5 million euros and Direct Star's revenue growth was 56%. The buyout by Canal +. On September 5, 2011, Canal+ Group announced its intention to acquire 60% of Bolloré Média (with a 100% option within three years), which would make it the new owner of Direct Star . This transaction must be validated by the French Competition Authority in order to be finalized. When the takeover was announced, Bertrand Meheut declared in an interview given in Les Échos that the programming of the two channels will evolve "« gradually, in line with their current editorial policy and those of the Canal+ group channels" "»." The transaction was signed between the two groups in December 2011. In January 2012, Canal+ appointed Ara Aprikian to head the new free channels division of the Canal+ Group. He is notably in charge of the transformation and integration of Direct Star into the style and  editorial policy of Canal+. At this time, he proposed to the CSA a reduction, from 75% today to 50% in the long term, of the airtime reserved for musical programs on the channel, i.e. a reduction of one third of the airtime currently reserved for the music. In March 2012, Canal+ presented its proposals for film, sports and advertising rights to the Autorité de la concurrence to obtain authorization for the buyout. On July 23, 2012, the French Competition Authority accepted the buyout of Direct 8 and Direct Star, subject to conditions, by the Canal + Group. The CSA validated  the operation on September 18, 2012 and the effective takeover from the Bolloré Group of its two former channels, Direct 8 and Direct Star, was finalized on September 27, 2012. On that date, the two channels were under the full operational control of the Canal + Group which decided to change the name from Direct Star to D17 on Sunday October 7, 2012 at 8:45 pm.