Brendan Simms
Brendan Peter Simms (born in Dublin) is a Professor of the history of international relations in the Department of Politics and International Studies at the University of Cambridge. Biography. Brendan Simms is the son of Anngret and David Simms, a professor of mathematics at Trinity College Dublin. He studied at TCD, where he was elected a Scholar in 1986, before completing his doctoral dissertation, "Anglo-Prussian relations, 1804–1806: The Napoleonic Threat", at Cambridge under the supervision of Tim Blanning in 1993. A Fellow of Peterhouse, he lectures and leads seminars on international history since 1945. In addition to  his academic work, he also serves as the president of the Henry Jackson Society, which advocates the view that supporting and promoting liberal democracy and liberal interventionism should be an integral part of Western foreign policy. He is President of the Project for Democratic Union, a Munich-based student-organised think tank. He has advocated that the Eurozone should create a United States of Europe. Family. Brendan Simms is a grand-nephew of Brian Goold-Verschoyle, a member of the Communist Party of Ireland, who became a Soviet spy and died in a Soviet gulag in 1942. Simms himself was  raised in the Catholic faith. Section::::"Europe: The Struggle for Supremacy". Norman Stone praised "Europe: The Struggle for Supremacy" as "lively and erudite". He also praised the book for the focus on Germany and Simm's knowledge of it though he qualifies it by saying Simms is stronger on the 18th century than the 20th century due to the volume of material to be covered in the latter. Richard J. Evans was critical of the book, saying that Simms had overly favoured observations by A. J. P. Taylor of a Hobbsean view of European history, focusing on periods of strife while  neglecting periods of cooperation between European states. Evans described the book as a "one-sided picture", adding that even Simms has to acknowledge that there were periods of cooperation. Noel Malcolm praised Simms as "a historian of unusual range and ability", saying that "knowing what he wants to say is one of Simms’s strengths". On the whole Malcolm praised the book, though regarding Simms' emphasis on the primacy of foreign policy in European affairs, Malcolm did wonder if there may be counterexamples, such as those where the foreign/domestic distinction is less clear. Section::::"Hitler: Only the World Was Enough . British historian Richard J. Evans was also critical of Hitler: Only the World Was Enough", arguing that Simms' claim of Hitler embracing socialism does not stand up to examination. Simms cited violence of Nazi stormtroopers against conservatives, but Evans noted that socialists and communists were the overwhelming majority of the 200,000 Germans thrown into concentration camps during Hitler's first year in power. Simms claimed that Hitler's rhetoric was more anti-capitalist than anti-communist, but Evans shows that the anti-communist rhetoric dominated the political portion of Hitler's autobiographical manifesto "Mein Kampf". Simms claims that Hitler had  managed "to nationalise German industrialists by making them instruments of his political will" which Evans disputes – the reason Thyssen and Krupp supported him was that Hitler's rearmament policies were profitable for them. Simms claimed that the "Kristallnacht" was caused by "Roosevelt’s hostility to Hitler and his defence of the Jews", that Operation Barbarossa "was to be a campaign of conquest and annihilation, for reasons more to do with Anglo-America than the Soviet Union itself" and that The Holocaust was "primarily driven … by his fear of Britain and the United States". Evans comments "All this is nonsense, and  indeed, Simms is forced to contradict himself by the sheer weight of the evidence against his thesis." As an example of where Simms is forced to contradict himself Evans points to Operation Barbarossa, which Simms concedes to have been "part of a much broader ideological war against Bolshevism". Evans also points out that Hitler's genocidal anti-Semitism was based on a paranoid view that Jews were inherently disposed to subversion and conspiracy. Evans summarizes the book with "In the end, Simms hasn’t written a biography in any meaningful sense of the word; he has written a tract that  instrumentalises the past for present-day political purposes. As such, his book can be safely ignored by serious students of the Nazi era".