Fort Bonifacio boundary dispute
The Fort Bonifacio boundary dispute is a territorial disagreement between local governments in the Filipino cities of Makati and Taguig, and the municipality of Pateros. The dispute also includes the financial district of Bonifacio Global City (BGC). Taguig has administration over Bonifacio Global City and some territory to its south as part of Fort Bonifacio. In addition, Pinagsama exercises control over the McKinley Hill area and Palar Village, while Barangay Ususan controls some exclaves along Circumferential Road 5, such as Logcom Village, Wildcat Village, and Aranai. Makati claims the main BGC area to be under the  jurisdiction of its Post Proper Northside and Post Proper Southside barangays, while Ususan's exclaves along the eastbound portion of C5 are also claimed by Barangay Rizal and Barangay Pembo. Pateros claims to control the so-called Embo barangays of Makati and some barangays under Taguig. Pateros claim includes Bonifacio Global City. Background. The municipality of Pateros, the only municipality in Metro Manila and located near Fort Bonifacio, claims that its original land area was not its present land area of 210 hectares (2.10 km), but rather 1,040 hectares (10.4 km), including Fort Bonifacio. According to their claim, this also  included barangays Comembo, Pembo, East Rembo, West Rembo, Cembo, South Cembo and Pitogo (which are now part of Makati) and Bonifacio Global City, Aranai, Ususan, and Palar in Pinagsama (which was made part of Taguig), based on documents and official maps obtained from several libraries and offices, including the United States Library of Congress and National Archives. Pateros' decrease in the territory was accounted to a cadastral mapping in Metro Manila conducted in 1978. The late Pateros Mayor Nestor Ponce challenged the map through an objection letter dated June 23, 1978. In January 1986, former President Ferdinand Marcos issued Proclamation  No. 2475, which stated that Fort Bonifacio is in Makati, remaining open for disposition. Following these events, a boundary dispute arose which moved Pateros to request a dialogue with the then Municipal Council of Makati in 1990. Pateros also filed a complaint against Taguig at the Makati RTC in 1996, but the trial court dismissed the case for lack of jurisdiction. The case was moved to the Court of Appeals in 2003 but was denied. The same case was moved to the Supreme Court in 2009, and it was denied again. In 1993, the municipal government of Taguig filed a  case against Makati before the Pasig Regional Trial Court (RTC), contending "that the areas comprising the Enlisted Men's Barangays (EMBOs), as well as the area referred to as Inner Fort in Fort Bonifacio, were within its territory and jurisdiction." The Pasig court ruled in favor of Taguig in 2011. Makati filed a motion for reconsideration at the Pasig RTC. At the same time, the city filed a petition for an annulment of judgment with the Court of Appeals. The city governments of Makati and Taguig fought over the jurisdiction of Fort Bonifacio because of the area's growth potential . A portion of the base, including the Libingan ng mga Bayani and the American Cemetery, lies within Taguig, while the northern portion, where the Global City development is centered, was considered part of Makati. A 2003 ruling by a judge in the Pasig Regional Trial Court upheld the jurisdiction of Taguig over the entirety of Fort Bonifacio, including the Bonifacio Global City and Pinagsama. Supreme court. On June 27, 2008, through Associate Justice Leonardo Quisumbing, the suit of the Makati was dismissed, seeking to nullify Special Patents 3595 and 3596 signed by Fidel Ramos conveying to the Bases Conversion and  Development Authority public land in Fort Bonifacio, Taguig. Due to a pending civil case filed by the Taguig city government asking the court to define its territorial boundaries, Makati cannot halt Taguig from collecting taxes on land located in Fort Bonifacio because it does not have any other sufficient source of sufficient income. Further rulings and appeals. On June 16, 2009, the Supreme Court, through Associate Justice Antonio Eduardo B. Nachura, denied Pateros’ petition against Taguig, but ruled that the boundary dispute should be settled amicably by their respective legislative bodies based on Section 118(d) of the Local Government  Code. Pursuant to the decision, Pateros invited Taguig to a council-to-council dialogue on October 8, 2009. Four meetings were held and at the fourth dialogue on November 23, 2009, a joint resolution was made stating that Taguig is requesting a tripartite conference between Pateros, Taguig and Makati. On August 5, 2013, after a year and a half of deliberations, the 20-year-long battle was decided in a 37-page decision was written by Justice Marlene Gonzales-Sison of the Court of Appeals. The ruling says that jurisdiction over Fort Bonifacio has reverted to Makati from Taguig. The  Court upheld the constitutionality of Presidential Proclamations 2475 and 518, both of which confirmed that portions of the aforementioned military camps are under the jurisdiction of Makati. The decision also cited the fact that voters from the barangays that are subject of the dispute between Makati and Taguig have long been registered as voters of Makati, thus bolstering the former's jurisdiction over Fort Bonifacio. Taguig Mayor Lani Cayetano, however, maintained that this decision was not yet final and executory, and asked Justice Gonzales-Sison to recuse from the case as it was discovered that her family has close ties  with the Binays of Makati. On August 22, 2013, the Taguig city government filed a Motion for Reconsideration before the Court of Appeals' Sixth Division affirming its claim on Fort Bonifacio. With the filing of the said Motion for Reconsideration, Taguig asserts jurisdiction over Fort Bonifacio. According to Taguig's legal department, jurisprudence, and the rules of procedure in the country's justice system, all say that the filing of a Motion for Reconsideration suspends the execution of a decision and puts it in limbo. On June 15, 2016, in a 27-page decision by the Second Division of the  Supreme Court, the decision found Makati guilty of direct contempt for forum shopping. On October 3, 2017, the Court of Appeals upheld its final decision in favor of the city government of Taguig and not Makati. The Supreme Court also found Makati guilty of forum shopping after simultaneously appealing the Pasig RTC ruling and filing a petition before the Court of Appeals, both seeking the same relief. Though Makati, maintained its claim over the disputed area. In a decision released on April 27, 2022, the Supreme Court ruled that the 729-hectare Bonifacio Global City complex, along with several surrounding  barangays of Makati (Pembo, Comembo, Cembo, South Cembo, West Rembo, East Rembo and Pitogo) is owned by the Taguig City Government. However Makati released a statement that it would remain exercising jurisdiction over areas it control until it receives the official copy of the decision.