Entrée d'Espagne
Entrée d'Espagne or L'Entrée d'Espagne or Entrée en Espagne (English: "Entry to Spain" or "Entering Spain") is a 14th-century (c.1320) Franco-Venetian "chanson de geste". The author is thought to be from Padua. The work has survived in only one manuscript, today in the Biblioteca Marciana in Venice. Based on material from the "Pseudo-Turpin Chronicle" ("Historia Caroli Magni", Book IV of the Codex Calixtinus, a Latin chronicle concerning the feats of Charlemagne from the middle of the 12th century) and several other sources, the epic poem (around 16,000 verses extant, out of an original 20,000) tells  of Charlemagne's battles in Spain and the adventures of the paladin Roland. The poem is notable for transforming the character of Roland into a knight errant, similar to heroes from the Arthurian romances, and was thus a precursor to the portrayal of Orlando/Roland in the Italian romantic epics, such as "Morgante" (Luigi Pulci), "Orlando innamorato" (Matteo Maria Boiardo) and "Orlando furioso" (Ludovico Ariosto). Plot. Following a misunderstanding with the emperor Charlemagne, Roland decides to leave the imperial army and travels to the Holy Land where he has a series of adventures. On his return to Spain, he meets  a hermit who forewarns Roland that he will be killed seven years after the French successfully conquer the city of Pamplona. When he returns to the French camp, the emperor offers Roland the crown of Spain, but Roland refuses it, saying he wishes to spend the remaining years of his life conquering lands for his emperor. Among Roland's various adventures, the poem also relates Roland's three-day-long duel with Feragu, a Saracen giant (son of Falseron), responsible for the defense of the city of Nàjera (verses 1630 to 4213, roughly).