Khrueang sai
Wong khrueang sai (, , literally "string ensemble") is a musical ensemble in Thai classical music which consists primarily of string instruments. A typical "khrueang sai" ensemble features two two-string fiddles, one high and one low ("saw duang" and "saw u"), a three-string zither called "jakhe", a vertical duct flute called "khlui", hand drums, and various cymbals. Depending on the size of the ensemble, instruments may be doubled or left out. A three-string spike fiddle called "saw sam sai" may be added as well. The "khim" (hammered dulcimer) has become popular and is also used in this  ensemble. In the 20th century, Western instruments such as the violin or organ have also occasionally been integrated into "khrueang sai" ensembles. Playing context. The "khrueang sai" is one of the quietest and most intimate ensembles in Thai classical music. It is used to accompany singing, dances, and holidays. It also used in impromptu occasions requiring music. Varieties. The following are some of the ensemble types, depending on the occasion: Here is the definition of the "khrueang sai" according to the NIU South East Asia Studies department: Sound clips are available at the website above for all Thai ensembles. Types  of "wong khrueang sai". Khrueang sai diao. "Wong khrueang sai diao" () is an ensemble consisting of one each of the following instruments: This kind of ensemble is used when there is limit of space. It is also called "wong khrueang sai wong lek" () or "wong khrueang sai khurang diao" (วงเครื่องสายเครื่องเดี่ยว). Khrueang sai khu. "Wong khrueang sai khu" () is an ensemble consisting of instruments as described in the "khrueang sai diao" ensemble, but double in number (except "ching", "thon", and "rammana"). It is also called "wong khrueang sai wong yai" (วงเครื่องสายวงใหญ่). Khrueang sai prasom. "Wong khrueang sai prasom" () is an ensemble  arranged by mixing "khrueang sai diao" or "khrueang sai khu" with other instruments, such as organ, ranad ek, khim and also mixed with the "piphat" ensemble to create new ensemble called "khrueang sai prasom piphat" (เครื่องสายประสมปี่พาทย์). Khrueang sai pi chawa. "Wong khrueang sai pi chawa" () is an ensemble arranged by adding "pi chawa" (ปี่ชวา), "glong khaek" (กลองแขก), and "krap" (กรับ) to the "wong khrueang sai diao". It is usually played in funeral ceremonies.