German submarine U-513
U-513 was a type IXC U-boat built for service in Nazi Germany's "Kriegsmarine" during World War II. She was laid down on 26 April 1941 by the naval construction firm Deutsche Werft AG in Hamburg as yard number 309, and commissioned on 10 January 1942. Her commanders were "Korvettenkapitän" Rolf Rüggeberg (10 January 1942 until 14 May 1943) and "Kapitänleutnant" Friedrich Guggenberger (15 May until 19 July 1943). Her training period was from 10 January 1942 to 31 August, as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla. She was then assigned to the 10th U -boat Flotilla for operations. She sank six ships with a total tonnage of and damaged two more with a total tonnage of . The boat was a member of two wolfpacks. She was sunk by depth charges from a U.S. Martin PBM Mariner amphibious aircraft in the South Atlantic Ocean on 19 July 1943. In 2011 after nine years research and two years of seagoing searches, the expedition led by the explorers of Schurmann Family located U-513, east of their hometown of Florianópolis. The find was announced worldwide on 17 June 2011, when the Schürmanns produced images of a Side-scanning  sonar. A dive was made in 2012, where photos and video images were recorded. Design. German Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. "U-513" had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a  total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to . The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . "U-513" was fitted with six torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a SK C/30 as well as a C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight. Service history . First patrol. "U-513"s first patrol began when she departed Kiel on 7 August 1942 and headed for the Atlantic by way of the gap between Iceland and the Faeroe Islands. Her first two successes came in Conception Bay near Bell Island, Newfoundland on 5 September. She arrived in Lorient, in occupied France on 22 October. Second and third patrols. The second and third sorties took her into the mid-Atlantic, but she returned to her French base empty-handed. Her last sortie ended in April 1943. Thereafter her captain, Rolf Rüggeberg, was replaced with the young captain Friedrich Guggenberger who  in January 1943 had been awarded the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves. Fourth patrol. Her third and last foray began 18 May 1943 and saw her close to the Brazilian coast. After five attacks resulting in four ships sunk and one damaged, she was sunk southeast of São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina state on 19 July 1943 by a US Navy Mariner, nicknamed "The Nickel Boat", led by Lt. (jg) Roy S. Whitcomb, from Patrol Squadron VP-74. 46 men died; there were seven survivors, including her captain, Friedrich Guggenberger. Wolfpacks. "U-513" took part in two wolfpacks, namely: Discovery . The wreck was found on 14 July 2011, at a depth of , by Brazilian underwater archeologists from the Instituto Kat Schurmann, the Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali) and geophysicists of the Coastal Planning and Engineering Company. The search for "U-513" was conducted with a sail boat and took two years. Another 10 German submarines remained to be discovered in Brazilian coastal waters. Section::::"U-513" Found/Underwater Footage. A Brazilian project searched Brazilian waters for the sunken "U-513". She was finally found in 2011, and the first underwater videos of the boat were released in March 2012. In 2014, a one -hour TV documentary on the history of this voyage featuring film from the era and the submarine's final resting place titled: "The Ghost of U-513" was released and has been shown on the Smithsonian Channel. It includes details from the life of captain Friedrich Guggenberger who survived the sinking and the war.