Placerias
Placerias (meaning 'broad body') is an extinct genus of dicynodonts that lived during the late Carnian age of the Triassic Period (221–216 million years ago). "Placerias" belongs to a group of dicynodonts called Kannemeyeriiformes, which was the last known group of dicynodonts before the taxon became extinct at the end of the Triassic. Description. "Placerias" was one of the largest herbivores in the Late Triassic, with large skull measuring long and weighing up to a tonne (1000 kilograms) with a powerful neck, strong legs, and a barrel-shaped body. There are possible ecological and evolutionary parallels with the modern  hippopotamus, spending much of its time during the wet season wallowing in the water, chewing at bankside vegetation. Remaining in the water would also have given "Placerias" some protection against land-based predators such as "Postosuchus". "Placerias" used its beak to slice through thick branches and roots with two short tusks that could be used for defence and for intra-specific display. "Placerias" was closely related to "Ischigualastia" and similar in appearance. Discovery. Fossils of forty "Placerias" were found near St. Johns, southeast of the Petrified Forest in the Chinle Formation of Arizona. This site has become known as the  'Placerias Quarry' and was discovered in 1930, by Charles Camp and Samuel Welles, of the University of California, Berkeley. Sedimentological features of the site indicate a low-energy depositional environment, possibly flood-plain or overbank. Bones are associated mostly with mudstones and a layer that contains numerous carbonate nodules. It is also known from the Pekin Formation of North Carolina. "Placerias" was originally considered the last of the Dicynodonts until fossil finds from Queensland were reported in 2003 to have revealed that the Dicynodonts survived until the Early Cretaceous. Agnolin "et al." (2010) called for a reconsideration of that Australian  specimen, noting its similarity to baurusuchian crocodyliforms such as "Baurusuchus pachecoi". The Cretaceous dicynodont specimen was eventually discovered to belong to a specimen of "Diprotodon" instead.