Johnny Dawes
Johnny Dawes (born 9 May 1964) is a British rock climber and author, known for a dynamic climbing style and for establishing bold traditional climbing routes. The most famous of which was "Indian Face", the first-ever route at the E9-grade. His influence on British climbing was at its peak in the mid to late-1980s. Climbing career. Dawes' main climbing career roughly splits into an initial period pre-1986 where he focused on gritstone in the Peak District, which was suited to his unique climbing style (e.g. "Gaia", and "End of the Affair"). From 1986, Dawes focused on  Wales and on a diverse range of rock, from the slate quarries of Llanberis (e.g. "The Quarryman", "The Very Big and the Very Small", and "Dawes of Perception"), to the quartzite cliffs of Gogarth North Stack (e.g. "Conan the Librarian", and "Hardback Thesaurus"), and the rhyolite mountain crags of Clogwyn Du'r Arddu (e.g. "Indian Face"). Dawes is mostly remembered for intimidating traditional climbing routes, in the legacy of Pete Livesey and Ron Fawcett, and less for sport climbing routes, unlike his contemporaries Jerry Moffatt and Ben Moon. Dawes came to prominence outside of the rock climbing world with his 4  October 1986 ascent of "Indian Face", the first E9-graded traditional rock route in Britain, and at the time, considered to be the hardest and most dangerous traditional route in the world. The guidebook described it as "A pitch of such appalling difficulty as to be almost beyond the realms of human comprehension". In a 2011 interview, Dawes said: "As you set off it's best to consider yourself already dead. You just do it". The climb, and rare repeats, are the subject of a 2006 documentary, "Johnny Dawes and the Story of Indian Face". Dawes is noted for the  dynamic nature of his technique, leaping from tiny hold to tiny hold, and also for his levels of balance and foot-control that enable him to climb extreme-grade routes without using his hands. Welsh climber George Smith said: "His climbing seemed choreographed rather than constructed in a gym. If there's perfect pitch for movement, he has it". Aspects of his unique technique was captured in the 1986 climbing film, "Stone Monkey", considered one of the best-ever films in the genre, as well as the 2015 climbing series, "No Handed Climbing", and other "no-hands", and "no-feet  videos. His unorthodox climbing style, coupled with his reputation for a keen intellect and an artistic or bohemian bent, made Dawes an enigmatic and mercurial character in British climbing. His writing has been called quirky, convoluted, and often obscure", and a tendency to "speak in riddles" earned him the titles of "nutty professor", and of "mad genius" from some commentators. His approach also made it difficult to secure commercial sponsorship, with Dawes saying in a 2019 interview, "I wasn’t supported by the climbing industry because I didn't fit the commercial template". Legacy. Dawes is widely considered a legend  of British rock climbing, and one of the most influential figures in British rock climbing history. Over a career spanning the early-1980s to the early-1990s, he pushed the technical level of traditional climbing with routes that were unprecedented both in terms of difficulty, and the style in which they were climbed. In 2012, "The Guardian" called Dawes a "defining figure" and that: "His climbs were rated among the very hardest in the world, test pieces of both balance and nerve, some with a reputation for terrible danger". Some of his routes are still considered so intimidating that they are rarely  repeated, and several feature in climbing-films, focused on Dawes (e.g. " 80s Birth of Extreme"), and his routes (e.g. "Hard Grit", "Quarrymen"). Personal life. Dawes was born in 1964 in Birmingham, into a wealthy family, whose parents were part of the 1960s British motor racing scene, however, his education at the Uppingham School was a difficult one, with Dawes suffering from periods of depression and bullying. Dawes rejected the career path of his contemporaries into third-level education and then a likely London-based career, choosing instead to obsess on climbing, telling "The Guardian", "I was in a shut-off  state, to a certain extent. When I was doing something dangerous it would wake me up". Around 2011, Dawes was diagnosed with hypothyroidism, which he called "depressing and heavy", but by 2018, his treatment enabled him to climb at .