Diaguita
The Diaguita people are a group of South American indigenous people native to the Chilean Norte Chico and the Argentine Northwest. Western or Chilean Diaguitas lived mainly in the Transverse Valleys which incised in a semi-arid environment. Eastern or Argentine Diaguitas lived in the provinces of La Rioja and Catamarca and part of the provinces of Salta, San Juan and Tucumán. The term Diaguita was first applied to peoples and archaeological cultures by Ricardo E. Latcham in early 20th century. Ancient Diaguitas were not a unified people; the language or dialects used by them seems to have varied  from valley to other valleys and they were politically fragmented into several chiefdoms. Coastal and inland Chilean Diaguitas traded as evidenced by the archaeological findings of mollusc shells in the upper course of Andean valleys. According to the 2010 census there are 67,410 self-identified Diaguita descendants in Argentina. In Chile Diaguitas are the third most populous indigenous ethnicity after the Aymara and the Mapuche. The Diaguitas have been recognised as an indigenous people by the Chilean state since 2006. Language. Early Spanish accounts, including Jerónimo de Vivar's "Crónica y relación copiosa y verdadera de los reinos de Chile