Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan
The Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan () is a state body in Turkmenistan founded in 1951, which is responsible for the implementation of Turkmen scientific and technical policy. The academy was closed under president Saparmurat Niyazov and reopened by his successor, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow. Structure. The academy has three departments: History. Its lineage dates back to the Turkmen Scientific Commission, founded in 1922. It would later become the State Academic Council, under the People's Commissariat of Education and then the Turkmen Scientific Research Institute. In March 1936, by resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the  Council of People's Commissars of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, it was reduced to the Institute of History and Language and Literature. In 1940, the foundation of the Turkmen Academy of Sciences took place. By 1945, thirty-five Turkmens are among the researchers. The present academy established in June 1951. By 1986, he academy has 15 research institutions. In the summer of 1998, the academy came under the direct control of the President of Turkmenistan. 2009 revival. With the revival of the academy in 2009 the structure of science and research in Turkmenistan changed, reflecting reforms initiated by President  Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow. With the new structure of the academy, research is centralized. The academy was restored according to presidential resolution number 10458 dated June 12, 2009, "About questions of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan". According to the resolution, 11 institutes and three organisations serving the science sector were moved: the library, the printing house and the Ylym publishing house. By a decree of President of Turkmenistan, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow in January 2019, the government will gradually end state funding of Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan, which will be phased out over three years. Directors. Academy directors until 1998 were: Academy