Letter of 5000
The Letter of 5000 (), also known as the Letter of 500 or the Letter of the 19 Deputies (), was an open letter signed by 5,000 Russians, most significantly politicians, aimed at the Prosecutor-General of Russia. The Letter of 5,000 included sharp criticisms of Jews, Jewish leaders, and Jewish organisations, as well as calling for the investigation of the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch as a violation of the Criminal Code of Russia. The letter, published on 21 March 2005, attracted significant discussion in Russian and international media due to its demands, which were widely considered to be antisemitic . History and content. On 15 December 2004, Russian writer and monarchist Mikhail Nazarov published an article on the website "russia-talk.com", titled "Appeal to the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation V. V. Ustinov in connection with the increased application of Article 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on 'inciting ethnic hatred' towards Jews". In the article, Nazarov complained of the recent prosecution of Russian nationalists under hate-speech laws, saying that the prosecutor's office had the duty of finding the source of the "Russo-Jewish conflict" and that the Russian nationalists accused of antisemitism were simply  defending themselves from the "aggressive Jewish morality" found in the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch. The letter used examples from the abridged version published by the Congress of the Jewish Religious Organizations and Associations in Russia, which states that the moral code of the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch should still be followed in the modern day. The article issued an appeal to the Prosecutor-General's office to "check the outrageous facts outlined above, and, if confirmed, to begin a case on the prohibition of all Jewish national and religious organisations as extremists." The article was written due to an increasing number of  cases initiated against Russian nationalists on charges of antisemitism. On 13 January 2005, the first version of the letter, then with 500 signatories, was submitted to the Prosecutor-General's office by 20 of the State Duma deputies who had signed it. Fourteen of the deputies were from the Rodina party, and six from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Following the publication of the letter on 24 January, there was backlash both within the Duma and from the Russian public, and the majority of deputies eventually withdrew their signatures. Several signatories would later claim that they did not  agree with the letter, or that their signature was forged. Following the publication of the letter, Nazarov turned to the people of Russia to sign the letter, profiting off of the attention and eventually reaching roughly 5,000 signatures by the time the letter was submitted to the Prosecutor-General's office a second time, on 21 March 2005, coinciding with the Feast of Orthodoxy. In the letter, it was claimed that there was a "masked genocide" against the Russian people and accused Russian Jews of blood libel, but the proposal changed; it was no longer a request to ban all  Jewish organisations, but instead only ones which followed the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch. Reaction. The reaction, both in Russia and abroad, was overwhelmingly critical of the letter. The Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Israeli embassy in Russia, condemned the letter, as well as antisemitism in Russia. Both Russian, such as NEWSru and Gazeta.Ru, and international news sites, such as the BBC and The Daily Telegraph, criticised the letter. Multiple figures from across the political spectrum, such as Dmitry Rogozin of Rodina, Gennady Zyuganov of the CPRF (himself accused of  antisemitism), and Geydar Dzhemal of The Other Russia, also condemned it as antisemitic. Russian President Vladimir Putin, in an interview with the Israeli Channel 1, condemned antisemitism and stated that Judaism was one of the "traditional religions" of Russia. Following the widespread condemnation of the petition, the Prosecutor-General's office announced that it would not accept began an investigation of antisemitism in the letter. However, following the investigation, they refused to persecute the authors of the letter, citing a lack of antisemitism. With the Prosecutor-General's refusal, the Russian public movement "For Human Rights" sued the office of  the Prosecutor-General. This lawsuit, however, proved unsuccessful. Aftermath. Following the refusal of the Prosecutor-General to investigate Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, Nazarov claimed that he had received 10,000 new signatures for the letter, supporting an investigation and banning of organisations which followed it. Some signatories, dissatisfied with the result, also formed the organisation "Live Without Fear of a Jew!", claiming that the reason the original appeal was not accepted was due to the Prosecutor-General's fear of a Jewish response. However, after its forming, the organisation quickly ceased being active.