Caixa Andorrana de Seguretat Social
The Caixa Andorrana de Seguretat Social (CASS) is the public institution in charge of the Social Security system system in Andorra. It was established in April 1968. Since the Constitution of Andorra was approved in 1993, the objective of the Andorran system is to make prevail Article 30: «The right to health protection and to receive benefits to meet other personal needs is recognized. To these ends, the State will guarantee a Social Security system ». That is to say, guarantee protection, in its contributory and non-contributory modality, of insured persons, direct or indirect, through  the appropriate benefits. It is compulsory for salaried workers and also for those who develop an economic activity. Branches of the CASS. Social security is made up of two different branches or strands of protection: Social Security contributions. Salaried workers' contributions. The Andorran law establishes that for salaried employees the CASS must collect the 22% of their gross monthly salary. The amount collected is divided between worker and employer: However, it is  the company that is responsible for paying monthly amounts directly to the CASS, and for this reason some companies decide to assume a higher percentage of contributions in  order to partially release their workers. Self-employed worker contributions. Self-employed workers also have to contribute to the CASS, although have their own system in which all quotes are on their own. In this system, it is established a minimum contribution base for a self-employed within the average Andorran salary of all workers affiliated with social security the past year as established by law. And then, over that minimum contribution base it's applied the rate of 22%. Usually this minimum contribution is about €450 monthly (Average salary is used to be around €2000–€21000 per month).Of  this total amount: Health expenses reimbursed. In Andorra, healthcare works by co-payment: the social security administration (the CASS) covers a part of the total expenses. The costs, in addition, in most cases are borne first by the user, and then the CASS reimburses the subsidized amount by transfer or other similar method. The medical expenses covered by CASS are basically divided according to the medical service and the amount subsidized: However, CASS finances 100% of the treatment to those people who demonstrate that they cannot cope with the debt, such as people without resources or in a situation  of social exclusion. There are also agreements with France, Portugal and Spain for treatments that Andorra's medical centers can't treat and Coverage extension in those countries. Referral Doctor. In September 2018 the service moved to a referral system, where patients must register with a general practitioner who would decide whether to refer them to a specialist. Those who follow this integrated route are to be encouraged by a higher rate of reimbursement and the purpose is to improve access, efficiency and coordination of medical care. The user registered in the CASS currently must choose a doctor or pediatrician  as referring doctor. This offers more personalized but general health care, and monitors the users' health status over time. It is the first node, the first diagnosis, that asks for visits to specialists and guides the health system and coordinates with the different health professionals who treat the patient. In addition, it is not necessary to pay the total cost in consultations with the Referring Doctor.