Almorexant
Almorexant, also known by its development code ACT-078573, is an orexin antagonist, acting as a competitive antagonist of the OX and OX orexin receptors, which was being developed by the pharmaceutical companies Actelion and GSK for the treatment of insomnia. Development of the drug was abandoned in January 2011 due to concerns over the hepatic safety of almorexant after transient increases in liver enzymes were observed in trials. Pharmacology. Pharmacodynamics. Almorexant is a competitive, dual OX and OX receptor antagonist and selectively inhibits the functional consequences of OX and OX receptor activation, such as intracellular Ca mobilization. It dissociates  very slowly from the orexin receptors and this may prolong its duration of action. History. Originally developed by Actelion, from 2007 almorexant was being reported as a potential blockbuster drug, as its novel mechanism of action (orexin receptor antagonism) was thought to produce better quality sleep and fewer side effects than the traditional benzodiazepines and Z-drugs which dominated the multibillion-dollar insomnia medication market. In 2008, GlaxoSmithKline bought the development and marketing rights for almorexant from Actelion for an initial payment of $147 million. The deal would have been worth an estimated $3.2 billion if the drug  had successfully completed clinical development and obtained FDA approval. GSK and Actelion continued to develop the drug together, and completed a Phase III clinical trial in November 2009. However, in January 2011 Actelion and GSK announced they were abandoning the development of almorexant because of its side effect profile. Society and culture. Names. "Almorexant" is the generic name of the drug and its . It is also known by its former developmental code name "ACT-078573".