Microsoft Layer for Unicode
The Microsoft Layer for Unicode (MSLU) is a software library for legacy versions of Windows, simplifying the creation of Unicode-aware programs on Windows 9x (Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me). It is also known as UnicoWS (Unicode for Windows 95/98/Me Systems) or by its filename, . Microsoft described it as providing "a layer over the Win32 API on Windows 95/98/Me so that a software developer can write a single Unicode version of their application and have it run properly on all platforms." Previously, developers had to either provide two separate versions of an  application, or perform complex string translations and API decisions at runtime. In the present, UnicoWS can be used to compile newer software, which often expects Unicode support, (partially due to the influential "UTF-8 Everywhere" manifesto,) for legacy versions of Windows. UnicoWS can also be used at link time to compile software in languages that did not exist contemporaneously with Windows 9x and require Unicode support, like Rust. Alternatives exist, among them , "The Open Layer for Unicode for Windows", an abandonware yet free (MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1 licensed) re-implementation of the MSLU by Mozilla. Availability. The MSLU was  announced in March 2001, and was first made available as a compatibility layer for Unicode-supporting code written for the then-new Windows XP RC1 in the July 2001 edition of Microsoft's Platform SDK. This drew criticism from developers who feel it was "too late", as it was released long past the peak popularity of Windows 9x and only one month before the release to manufacturing of Windows XP. MSLU was given the codename "Godot", a reference to "Waiting for Godot", a play centered around the failure of a man named "Godot" to arrive and the endless wait for  him, because such a Unicode compatibility layer was thought—even inside Microsoft—to have been long overdue. How it works. Normally, the Windows API provides both (ANSI escape codes and ASCII characters) and ("wide" character) versions of most subroutines. On Windows 9x, only the versions are implemented and attempting to call a version will fail with an error code that indicates that the function is unimplemented. On the Windows NT line of operating systems, both the and versions are implemented (however, the operating system generally only internally implements the version natively, and the version is usually a translation thunk to  the version). By adding the to the link command-line before , , or any other supported Win32 system link library, the linker will resolve referenced symbols with the ones provided by instead. When a wide-character function is called for the first time at runtime, the function stub in first receives control and checks if it is running on a Windows 95/98/Me system: Because of this technique, when an application is linked against MSLU, only Windows 95/98/Me systems will need to rely on at runtime, and on all other versions of Windows there is only a slight performance penalty  the first time a function is called. A common problem encountered occurs when some update packages or uninstall programs rename or delete either of the OLE libraries (, ), which are dependencies of . This results in some applications, such as OpenOffice.org, showing an error with the message "Application cannot start because one of the required libraries cannot be found." This occurs even if is installed in the system, as it cannot start without its dependencies (see also DLL hell).