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peterbreedveldweetnietvanophouden.jpg (42.52 KiB) Viewed 6988 times Narratiewe kommunikasie as retoriese strategie in die prediking van die Bloemfonteinse Apostoliese Geloofsending
English: Human beings are susceptible to the rhetorical power of narrative communication. Narrative communication is an organisational element that helps people to make sense of the world they live in. Rhetoric is the application of reason to imagination to bring the human will into movement. In the world of religious communication, especially communication within the Christian philosophy, narrative communication is used as a rhetorical strategy regularly. The Apostolic Faith Mission (AFM) is the oldest and biggest Pentecostal church in South Africa. The primary aim of the study was to analyse the use of narrative communication as rhetorical strategy within the preaching of the traditional Afrikaans-speaking Apostolic Faith Mission congregations in Bloemfontein. The research question is how narrative communication manifests as a rhetorical strategy in the preaching of the traditional Afrikaans-speaking Apostolic Faith Mission (AFM) congregations in Bloemfontein. Secondary aims of the study were to measure the frequency of narrative communication as rhetorical strategy in the preaching of the Apostolic Faith Mission in Bloemfontein; to determine which narrative story elements and style elements are used; and to determine whether there is a difference in the application of narrative communication during the morning services and the evening services. Twelve sermons, three morning sermons and three evening sermons of two pastors of different congregations, were analysed by overt observation and content analysis. Video recordings were made of all the sermons in order for the researcher to go through all of the sermons again to verify the results. Content analysis was the primary research strategy during this study. During the church services, the researcher fulfilled the observer-as-participant role. There are different elements to qualify and identify a text as “narrative”. These elements are called “story elements”, seeing that they usually form part of a story. Storyline, narrative location and experience narrative are examples of story elements. If the communicator wants to capture the imagination of the audience and if he wants to get them emotionally involved in the message, he must pay attention to the style of the communication action. The communication action can be seen as narrative if these style elements are applied, even if there is not a complete story present. These narrative style elements include certain language elements and non-verbal elements. The unit of analysis for this study was the narrative story elements and style elements that were found in die twelve sermons. These elements were identified in the literature study. The categories of analysis were the story elements and the style elements. For the sake of this study, it was said that narrative communication was applied as a rhetorical strategy in a sermon when 50% of the identified narrative story elements or 50% of the identified narrative style elements were found within that sermon. This sub-minimum was met in every analysed sermon and thus it can be said that narrative communication was applied as rhetorical strategy during every sermon. Introduction, causal relations, protagonist and narrative location are the narrative story elements that were used most frequently. The use of humour, the use of metaphors and the self revelation of the storyteller are the style elements that were used most frequently. Narrative style elements were used more frequently than narrative story elements. The only difference between the use of narrative communication in the morning services and in the evening services was that narrative style elements were used more frequently during the morning services than during the evening services. The pastors‟ knowledge about the use of narrative communication during preaching was limited. However, the literature study showed that narrative communication can be applied as a rhetorical strategy during preaching with great success. Thus, the construction of a narrative model for preaching in the AFM, and in other denominations, could be useful.
Afrikaans: Die mens is baie vatbaar vir die retoriese mag van narratiewe kommunikasie. Narratiewe kommunikasie is „n organiseringselement wat mense help om sin te maak van die wêreld waarin hulle leef. Retoriek is die toepassing van rede tot verbeelding om die wil in beweging te bring. In die wêreld van religieuse kommunikasie, veral kommunikasie binne die Christelike lewensbeskouing, word narratiewe kommunikasie gereeld gebruik as „n retoriese strategie. Die Apostoliese Geloofsending (AGS) is die oudste en grootste Pinksterkerk in Suid-Afrika. Die primêre doelwit van die studie was om die gebruik van narratiewe kommunikasie as retoriese strategie in die prediking van die tradisionele Afrikaanssprekende Bloemfonteinse Apostoliese Geloofsending-gemeentes te ontleed. Die navorsingsvraag is hoe narratiewe kommunikasie as retoriese strategie manifesteer in die prediking van die tradisionele Afrikaanssprekende Bloemfonteinse Apostoliese Geloofsending-gemeentes. Sekondêre doelwitte was om die frekwensie van narratiewe kommunikasie as retoriese strategie in die prediking van die Bloemfonteinse Apostoliese Geloofsending te meet, om te bepaal watter narratiewe storie-elemente en stylelemente gebruik word; en om te bepaal of daar ‟n verskil in die voorkoms van narratiewe kommunikasie tydens die oggenddienste en die aanddienste is. Twaalf preke, drie oggenddiens-preke en drie aanddienspreke van twee pastore van verskillende gemeentes, is deur sigbare waarneming en inhoudsanalise ondersoek. Daar is video-opnames van al die preke gemaak sodat die navorser weer deur die preke kon gaan om die resultate te bevestig. Inhoudsanalise was die primêre navorsingsmetode tydens hierdie studie. Tydens die kerkdienste het die navorser die waarnemer-as-deelnemer rol ingeneem. Daar is verskeie elemente om ‟n teks as “narratief” te kwalifiseer en te identifiseer. Hierdie elemente word “storie-elemente” genoem, aangesien hulle hoofsaaklik voorkom as deel van ‟n verhaal of vertelling. Voorbeelde van storie-elemente is storielyn, narratiewe ligging en ervaringsnarratief. Indien die kommunikator die verbeelding van die gehoor wil aangryp en hulle emosioneel by die boodskap wil betrek, moet daar veral aandag aan die styl van die kommunikasie-aksie of vertelling gegee word. Selfs al is daar nie ‟n volledige vertelling teenwoordig nie, maar van hierdie stylelemente word gebruik, kan die kommunikasie-aksie as narratief beskou word. Hierdie narratiewe stylelemente sluit ook sekere taalelemente en nie-verbale elemente in. Die eenheid van analise vir hierdie studie was die narratiewe storie-elemente en stylelemente wat voorgekom het in die twaalf preke. Hierdie elemente is uit die literatuurstudie geïdentifiseer. Die kategorieë van analise was die storie-elemente en stylelemente. Vir die doel van hierdie studie is daar gesê dat narratiewe kommunikasie as retoriese strategie in „n preek aangewend word wanneer daar 50 % van die narratiewe storie-elemente of 50 % van die narratiewe stylelemente binne „n spesifieke preek gebruik word. Daar is tydens elke geanaliseerde preek aan hierdie minimum vereiste voldoen en dus kan daar gesê word dat narratiewe kommunikasie as retoriese strategie tydens elke preek aangewend is. Die narratiewe storie-elemente wat die meeste gebruik is, is inleiding, gevolglike verbindings, protagonis en narratiewe ligging. Die gebruik van humor, die gebruik van metafore en die self-openbaring van die verteller is die stylelemente wat die meeste voorgekom het. Daar is in totaal baie meer van die narratiewe stylelemente gebruik gemaak as van die narratiewe storie-elemente. Die enigste verskil in die gebruik van narratiewe kommunikasie, wanneer daar gekyk word na die oggenddienste en aanddienste, is dat daar tydens die oggenddienste meer gefokus word op die gebruik van narratiewe stylelemente as tydens die aanddienste. Daar is gevind dat die predikante se kennis oor die gebruik van narratiewe kommunikasie tydens prediking beperk is. Uit die literatuurstudie het dit egter geblyk dat narratiewe kommunikasie baie effektief as „n retoriese strategie tydens prediking aangewend kan word. Die samestelling van „n narratiewe model vir prediking in die AGS, sowel as in ander denominasies, kan dus in die toekoms van groot nut wees.