Grapevine Lake
Grapevine Lake is an American reservoir located in the North Texas region, approximately northwest of Dallas and northeast of Fort Worth. It was impounded in 1952 by the US Army Corps of Engineers when they dammed Denton Creek, a tributary of Trinity River. The reservoir's primary purposes are flood control and to act as a municipal water reservoir, with a secondary function of providing recreation and open space areas. The lake's name comes from the city of Grapevine, Texas, to which the lake is adjacent. History and construction. On March 2, 1945, the U.S. Congress approved  the River & Harbors Act of 1945 which, among many projects, provided for the construction of Benbrook Lake, Grapevine Lake, Lavon Lake and Ray Roberts Lake, as well as modifications to the existing Garza Dam for the construction of Lewisville Lake. All the projects were for the purposes of both flood control and navigation. These lakes became part of an extensive floodway system that is operated in a coordinated manner to minimize flooding along the Trinity river floodplain. The Grapevine Dam and Reservoir project, as it was originally known, was initiated in January 1948. Located on Denton Creek, a tributary of  the Elm Fork of the Trinity river, the project spans both Tarrant County and Denton County. In this area immediately north of the City of Grapevine, the Corps of Engineers obtained approximately 15,700 acres (63.5 km²) of land and placed easements on another 2,200 acres (8.9 km²) to be flooded by the new reservoir. The project was completed in June 1952, and impounding of water began July 3, 1952. Statistics. The dam is a rolled earth-fill type, 28 feet (8.5 m) thick, which spans 12,850 feet (3,920 m). The crest of the dam is located at 588 feet (179  m) above sea level. At the dam, the original creek bed was at , making the dam approximately tall. The dam's spillway is located at approximately above sea level. This gives it a flood capacity of at least , including an allowance for the build of up sediment in the lake's bottom. Typically, the lake is maintained near its conservation level, at , giving it a capacity of and a surface area of 7,280 acres (29.5 km²). At conservation level, the lake has approximately of shoreline. Water rights. Three municipalities have water rights to the lake; the city of Grapevine, the  city of Dallas, and the Dallas County Park Cities (DCPC), which provides water to various communities in Dallas County. Under its September 1953 contract, Grapevine obtained of the water in the elevations between 500 and 535 feet (152 and 163 m) above sea-level. In February 1981, the city obtained an additional in the same elevations "until such time as this [water] is needed for navigation purposes." In March 1953, the city of Dallas obtained of the water between 500 and 535 feet (152 and 163 m), and in March 1955, DCPC obtained at the same elevations. Recreation. Parks and  trails. Numerous parks surround the lake. Some of the parks are owned, leased or maintained by the local community. Others remain in the Corps of Engineers' control. The area contains 30 miles (50 km) of natural surface trails including nature, biking and equestrian trails. Trails listed by the Corps of Engineers include the nine mile (14 km) Northshore trail, the three mile (5 km) Rocky Point trail, the five mile (8 km) Crosstimbers horse trail, and the four mile (6 km) Knob Hill trail. Camping. The lake has primitive camping, prepared camping sites, and trailer / RV camping. Murrell park currently  has tent and primitive camping, but is undergoing an expansion to increase camping facilities. Vineyards campground, managed by the city of Grapevine, offers site camping, RV parking, and cabins. Twin Coves Park is managed by the Town of Flower Mound and offers RV sites along with cabins and primitive camping. Marinas and boating. There are three marinas located on the lake, all operated by the private company "Marinas International". On the south shore, in Grapevine, are "Scott's Landing" and "Silver Lake". On the north shore, in Flower Mound, is "Twin Coves". The marinas support an active boating community on  the lake; combined, the three marinas have approximately 1,400 moorings, with land-based storage for an additional 575 vessels. Both the "Grapevine Sailing Club" and the United States Coast Guard Auxiliary (Flotilla 5-11 of District 8) are based at Scott's Landing. Twelve boat ramps provide access to the lake, of which only the two ramps at Murrell park are controlled by the Corps of Engineers and available for free. Of the remaining ramps: Fishing and hunting. The lake is home to a number of fish species, including largemouth bass, spotted bass, white bass, white crappie, channel catfish, and  alligator gar. Fishing regulations of most species are managed under statewide regulations. The exception is a 14 to 18 inch (36 to 46 cm) slot limit on largemouth bass; (46 cm). Daily bag limit for all species of black bass is 5 in any combination. Murrell Park, a premier spot for catching sand and black bass on the north shore, was heavily damaged in the summer 2007 flood and was partially closed. With a hunting license, hunting permit, and in season, public hunting is allowed on the Corps of Engineers land located at the north-west end of the lake . Waterfowl and small game hunting, as well as bow hunting of feral hogs and deer is permitted. Hunting licenses are obtained from the state of Texas and an additional permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers required. On March 24, 2010, Kris Howe found four bones of a 96-million-year-old bird. Two Dallas scientists say that the bird is the oldest in America. Adjacency to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. Grapevine Lake borders Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) to the northwest, making it a major landmark to persons flying into or out of that airport. Many  of its features, such as its parks, marinas, and dam, are visible in great detail to the airline passengers upon takeoff or landing.