Nitrobacteraceae
The Nitrobacteraceae are a family of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria. They include plant-associated bacteria such as "Bradyrhizobium", a genus of rhizobia associated with some legumes. It also contains animal-associated bacteria such as "Afipia felis", formerly thought to cause cat-scratch disease. Others are free-living, such as "Rhodopseudomonas", a purple bacterium found in marine water and soils. The strain "Rhodopseudomonas palustris" DX-1 can generate an electric current with no hydrogen production, a trait being explored in the development of the microbial fuel cell. The genus "Afipia" has also been found in the atmosphere, where it uses methylsulfonylmethane  as a carbon source. The bacteria of this family derive their energy from oxidizing ammonia to nitrite, or by oxidizing nitrite to nitrate. They are commonly found in freshwater and soil. Phylogeny. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis.