Fort Worth Zoo
The Fort Worth Zoo is a zoo in Fort Worth, Texas, United States, that was founded in 1909 with one lion, two bear cubs, an alligator, a coyote, a peacock and a few rabbits. The zoo now is home to 7,000 native and exotic animals and has been named as a top zoo in the nation by "Family Life" magazine, the "Los Angeles Times" and "USA Today", as well as one of the top zoos in the South by "Southern Living" Reader's Choice Awards. The Fort Worth Zoo is accredited by the Association of Zoos and  Aquariums (AZA). History. When the Fort Worth Zoo opened in 1909, it had one African lion, two bear cubs, an alligator, a coyote, a peacock and a few rabbits. From its opening until 1991, the zoo was owned and operated by the City of Fort Worth. Although the city collected money from the community to purchase new animals, the Zoological society (now the Fort Worth Zoological Association) was formed in 1939 to help raise additional funds. Monkey Island was built in 1937 with funds from the Works Progress Administration. After being refurbished in 1949, this exhibit became a sea lion  pool, and by 1970, it had been converted to house small South American mammals. Storks and cranes were housed in this exhibit in the 1980s, and it was converted once again in the early 1990s to house alligators. It is currently being used as the Parrot Paradise exhibit. The "Herpetarium" was completed in the summer of 1960 and was an indoor exhibit measuring 117 by . Boasting the largest exhibit of reptiles and amphibians in the world (with 175 vivaria and about 200 species), the facility also included a zoo hospital and quarantine room. Features such as refrigerated air, operational skylights , temperature controlled water, switch operated emergency alarms, and state-of-the-art service facilities, made the Herpetarium a marvel of technology for its time. Innovative exhibits such as a display of giant snakes with curved non-reflective glass (creating the illusion of an open-fronted exhibit) were especially popular attractions. The main public area included five exhibit halls covering various geographic regions and another area that was devoted exclusively to amphibians. There were also special exhibits teaching the identification of native venomous snakes and treatment for snakebite. In October 1991, the Fort Worth Zoological Association assumed management of the zoo  under a contract with the city. In 1992, the zoo opened the first two of a series of exhibits: World of Primates and Asian Falls. During the rest of the decade, the zoo opened Raptor Canyon, Asian Rhino Ridge, an education center in 1993, a cheetah exhibit in 1994, Flamingo Bay, a Komodo dragon exhibit, Insect City in 1995, Meerkat Mounds in 1997, a new veterinary center in 1998, and Thundering Plains (now closed) in 1999. The first decade of the new millennium saw the opening of Texas Wild! in 2001 to showcase native Texas animals, Parrot Paradise in 2004 , Great Barrier Reef in 2005 as part of a renovated Australian Outback exhibit, and the penguin exhibit in 2008. This decade also saw the closing of the original Herpetarium in 2009 to be replaced by the Museum of Living Art in 2010. In the autumn of 2016, the zoo announced its $100-million capital campaign: A Wilder Vision, which will include new exhibit space, renovated habitats, special events space, multiple dining areas, restrooms and most importantly, new ways to observe, interact with and learn about animals. The first step in this plan, a renovated African Savanna, opened in April  2018. The second step in this plan, an expanded elephant exhibit, opened in April 2021. The Other upcoming projects are renovated exhibits for the various African and Asian carnivores, and a new Forests & Jungles section. New species will include the clouded leopard, African wild dog, and an African leopard for the African and Asian Predators section, with plans to open this area in the Spring of 2023. The okapi is the only announced new species for the Forests & Jungles section, with a relocation of the Sumatran orangutans and the Bongo to this area. The planned opening date for the Forests  & Jungles section is Spring of 2025. Main exhibits. Current zoo exhibits include Penguins, World of Primates, the Brand New Elephant Springs, Raptor Canyon, Flamingo Bay, Meerkat Mounds, Australian Outback, African Savanna, Parrot Paradise, Texas Wild! and the Museum of Living Art (MOLA). This indoor exhibit is home to a colony of African penguins and southern rockhopper penguins, and includes a beach and an underwater viewing area. Opened in 1992, World of Primates is a exhibit that includes both indoor and outdoor habitats. The atrium is a tropical rainforest that has since been turned into an aviary, in which visitors can  observe several different bird species from around the world and mantled guerezas. Once through the atrium, visitors take a winding boardwalk past other primates including the zoo's western lowland gorilla troop, Sumatran orangutans, mandrills, bonobos, and Northern white-cheeked gibbons. The all-new Elephant Springs was opened in April 15, 2021 (Originally opened in 1992 as half of the former Asian Falls) and includes a huge remodeled Asian elephant yard complex. Before getting to the elephants, visitors can go past the entrance and either go to the River Village or check out a viewing area that gives a better  view of the expanded yards of the Indian rhinoceros. The exhibit also features a Demonstration Area for an elephant encounter show. Raptor Canyon is an aviary that opened in 1993 and is home to crowned eagles, Andean condors, king vultures, harpy eagles, white-backed vultures, and palm-nut vultures. The cheetah exhibit was opened in 1994 and was home to the zoo's cheetahs. Two other enclosures in this exhibit are home to bongos, warthogs, and red river hogs. Most of this exhibit has been closed with the opening of the renovated African Savanna, but one enclosure remains, now it 's part of the exhibit containing Nile lechwes and black crowned cranes. Flamingo Bay is home to the 70 or so flamingos at the zoo. The exhibit includes three species of flamingo, including American flamingoes, Chilean flamingoes, and lesser flamingoes, with the latter two having been successfully bred in captivity here. This exhibit was opened in 1997 and features an entire colony of the extremely social meerkats. Visitors can view the meerkats through a plexiglass wall, a bubble window in one of the outer walls, or from a boardwalk which provides a bird's-eye view of the colony. This exhibit  has been relocated to the renovated African Savanna. This exhibit has been renovated and now includes the Great Barrier Reef exhibit in addition to being home to the zoo's red kangaroos & Tammar wallabies The Great Barrier Reef exhibit is a collection of Australian aquatic animals in three tanks containing more than of water. The exhibit includes 500 animals representing 86 species, including clownfish, blacktip reef sharks, angelfish, brain corals, moray eels and sea apples. Opened in 2018, the newly renovated African Savanna allows guests to see reticulated giraffes, Grant's zebras, dama gazelles, lesser kudu, springbok, ostriches, Abyssinian ground  hornbills, pink-backed pelicans & helmeted guineafowl from multiple viewing spots, including an elevated boardwalk that allows giraffe feeding. There are also several paddocks for the black rhinos, an above and underwater viewing area of the hippopotamus, a greater flamingo pond, and an aviary. Parts of the older Savanna Were around the zoo, including the lions, Nubian ibex, and bongo. Parrot Paradise was opened on the zoo's upper path between the lions and Raptor Canyon in 2004. It is a free-flight aviary featuring rosellas, macaws, cockatiels and budgerigars. Texas Wild was opened in 2001 to display various animals native  to Texas. This section includes a carousel with hand-painted ponies. Texas Town includes a play barn and the Texas Hall of Wonders, and prepares visitors for the rest of the exhibit. High Plains and Prairies represents the Panhandle and Northwestern Texas. It is home to swift foxes, black-footed ferrets, greater roadrunners, burrowing owls, and black-tailed prairie dogs. Pineywoods and Swamps represents East Texas. This section of the exhibit includes red wolves, North American river otters, American alligators, and American black bears. Gulf Coast is home to Southern Texas animals including the aquatic animals and waterfowl of the  delta marsh, and includes an aviary that is home to birds including the roseate spoonbill and American white pelicans and brown pelicans. Brush Country represents Southern Texas. This section includes bobcats, cougars, coyotes, jaguars, ocelots, ring-tailed cats, and white-nosed coati, as well as birds of prey which are the turkey vulture, red-tailed hawk, and bald eagle. Mountains and Desert completes the tour in a mine shaft where visitors can see bats, dung beetles, Texas horned lizards, western diamondback rattlesnakes, and other animals endemic to the area. The Museum of Living Art is a $19 million, herpetarium  built to replace the original herpetarium at the zoo. The facility houses more than 5,000 animals representing more than 100 species. Residents include a saltwater crocodile, Aldabra giant tortoises, a Burmese python, Pig-nosed turtles, golden-headed lion tamarins, ring-tailed lemurs, gharials, a Chinese giant salamander, and a king cobra. The zoo's Komodo dragons will find a new home here with both indoor and outdoor exhibits. Conservation. The Fort Worth Zoo hosts the Turtle Survival Alliance. It was founded in 2001 as an IUCN task group to help stabilize populations of Asian fresh water turtles. It works with  countries where endangered species of turtles appear, helping them develop a plan for conserving and sustaining their turtle populations, mostly emphasizing captive breeding and rescue. The Fort Worth Zoo is partnered with multiple other conservation groups, notably the International Elephant Foundation, the groups they partnered with do work in more than 30 countries around the world and the Fort Worth Zoo is also home to the International Bongo Foundation. Art. The zoo features an unusual Texas sized sculpture. A furious 40-foot iguana sculpture named "Iggy", was lowered by helicopter onto the roof of the animal hospital in June 2010 . Created by Austin artist Bob "Daddy-O" Wade, the sculpture is owned by Fort Worth oilman Lee M. Bass.