Tony DeZuniga
Antony de Zuñiga (November 8, 1932 – May 11, 2012) who worked primarily under the name Tony DeZuniga, was a Filipino comics artist and illustrator best known for his works for DC Comics. He co-created the fictional characters Jonah Hex and Black Orchid. DeZuniga was the first Filipino comic book artist whose work was accepted by American publishers, paving the way for many other Filipino artists to enter the international comic book industry. Biography. Early life and career. DeZuniga was born in Manila, Philippines, and began his comics career at the age of 16, as a letterer for  Liwayway, a Filipino weekly magazine whose contributors included comic book artists Alfredo Alcala and Nestor Redondo, who would later become his mentors. He eventually received a Bachelor of Science degree in commercial art from the University of Santo Tomas in the Philippines. In 1962, he came to the United States to study graphic design in New York City. He returned to his native country to work in advertising and to freelance for Filipino comics. When he returned to New York City in the late 1960s, DeZuniga entered the American comic book market under editor Joe Orlando at DC Comics, inking  pencil art by Ric Estrada on a romance comics tale for "Girl's Love Stories" #153 (Aug. 1970). DeZuniga's U.S. debut as a penciler came with a self-inked horror story for "House of Mystery" #188 (Sept./Oct. 1970). DC and Marvel Comics. DeZuniga became a regular contributor at DC. With writer John Albano, he co-created the long-running western character Jonah Hex, and with Sheldon Mayer the first Black Orchid. DeZuniga served as an introduction to what would be a 1970s influx of Filipino artists to American comics, prompting Orlando and DC publisher Carmine Infantino to visit the  Philippines in 1971 to scout talent. Among the artists found there who would soon become mainstays of both DC and Marvel Comics were Alfredo Alcala, Alex Niño, Nestor Redondo, and Gerry Talaoc. He was responsible for the discovery of artist Steve Gan and was Gan's United States art agent in charge of importing his artwork to Marvel from the Philippines. DeZuniga inked John Buscema's penciled artwork for "MGM's Marvelous Wizard of Oz" (1975). This comics adaptation of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film was the first joint publishing venture between Marvel and DC Comics. DeZuniga relocated back to  New York from the Philippines in 1977. Around this time, DeZuniga formed Action Art Studio, which was a group of New York-based Filpino "komiks" artists who inked various Marvel Comics titles under the collective pseudonym of "The Tribe." Members included DeZuniga, Alfredo Alcala, and Rudy Nebres, among others. DeZuniga worked for industry leaders Marvel and DC for 18 years. Later career. DeZuniga later became a videogame conceptual designer, spending a decade with the United States and Japan divisions of Sega. He did freelance work for McGraw Hill and the Scholastic Corporation, and illustrated for TSR's "Dungeons & Dragons" game  in books such as "In Search of Dragons". In 1989, he illustrated "The DragonLance Saga Book Three", written by Roy Thomas. Upon retirement, DeZuniga began to do commissioned paintings and to teach art. His work has been the subject of at least one gallery exhibition. He returned to Jonah Hex with "", a graphic novel released to coincide with the "Jonah Hex" film. Personal life. DeZuniga was married three times. He and his wife Mary were co-owners of Action Art Studio in the mid-to-late 1970s. His third wife was named Tina. Illness and death. In April 2012, DeZuniga  suffered a life-threatening stroke. Doctors were able to save him, but numerous complications quickly arose. Both the Philippine and international comics community made an effort to raise funds for his treatment. During Free Comic Book Day on May 5, 2012, Filipino comic book artists banded together and launched a sketch drive, T-shirt sale and auction to help raise funds. On May 11, 2012, at 1:25 a.m., DeZuniga died from the stroke having led to his subsequent brain damage and heart failure. Legacy. After DeZuniga's death, Marvel Comics issued a statement saying, "Tony DeZuniga stands as a historic  figure in comics, a singular voice of his own making. His legacy will be seen and felt in the multitude of fans he leaves behind and the incredible body of work of which he remained justifiably proud to his final days." Bibliography. Most of his work at comics was an inker, except where noted: