Sharon plain
The Sharon plain ( "HaSharon") is the central section of the Coastal Plain of Israel. The Plain lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the west and the Samarian Hills, to the east. It stretches from Nahal Taninim, a stream marking the southern end of Mount Carmel in the north, to the Yarkon River in the south, at the northern limit of Tel Aviv, over a total of about . Parts of the Plain are included in the Central, and Tel Aviv Districts of Israel. Hebrew Bible. The Plain of Sharon is mentioned in the Bible (1 Chronicles 5:16, 27:29; Book  of Isaiah 33:9, 35:2, 65:10), including the famous reference to the enigmatic "Rose of Sharon" (). Modern history. Prior to 1948, the region was subordinate to Jaffa Subdistrict and Tulkarm Subdistrict. Historically, while some parts of the Sharon plain were very fertile, much of it was swampy and malarial, a condition exacerbated by massive Ottoman deforestation. Zionist immigrants arrived in the early 20th century, drained much of the swampy land, and populated the region with many settlements. By 1945, Jaffa Subdistrict had a population of 373,800, consisting of 71% Jewish and 29% Palestinian Muslim and Christian. Tulkarm Subdistrict had a population  86,120, consisting of 17% Jewish and 83% Palestinian Muslim and Christian. During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the Arab population of the region left or was expelled almost entirely. In 2008, it was the most densely populated region of Israel. Early history – excavations ending 2019. Excavations were performed before road construction in the north part of Sharon plain. Near En Esur an early Bronze Age planned metropolis – including a temple – stretching over 65 ha for 6,000 inhabitants was discovered. Underneath this 5000-year-old city, an even older settlement from 7000 YBP has been found, according to a report from  the antiquities office of Israel from 6 October 2019.