Production of Jurassic World
Production of the 2015 film "Jurassic World" was stalled for years in development hell while the film's storyline underwent numerous revisions. Development of the film, known then as "Jurassic Park IV", began in 2001. William Monahan was announced as screenwriter in 2002, and the film was scheduled for a 2005 release. When Monahan left to work on another project, he was replaced in 2004 by John Sayles. By 2005, the start of production had stalled, as executive producer Steven Spielberg was not satisfied with any of the script drafts. In 2006, "Jurassic Park III" director  Joe Johnston was set to direct the film, which was subsequently expected for release in 2008. By 2010, filming had yet to begin. Johnston and Spielberg intended to work on the film following the completion of their own respective film projects. Writer Mark Protosevich was hired in 2011, although two story treatments by him were rejected. After a final story idea was chosen, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver were hired in 2012 to write a draft of "Jurassic Park IV" that would incorporate ideas from Spielberg. Colin Trevorrow was hired as director in 2013, and the film was delayed once  more to give Trevorrow and his writing partner Derek Connolly more time to perfect the script by Jaffa and Silver. Spielberg approved the script in September 2013, and a name change to "Jurassic World" was announced that month. Filming occurred from April 10 to August 5, 2014, with shooting in Hawaii and Louisiana. "Jurassic World" was completed on May 10, 2015, and was theatrically released the following month. Development. In March 2001, "Jurassic Park III" director Joe Johnston said he and executive producer Steven Spielberg had discussed a story idea for a fourth "Jurassic Park" film, which Johnston was not  interested in directing. In May 2001, Spielberg had Amblin Entertainment commence development of ideas for "Jurassic Park IV", which he planned to produce. Late in "Jurassic Park III"s production, Spielberg devised a story idea he believed should have been used for the third film. In June 2001, Johnston announced he would not direct the film and that Spielberg had a story idea that would extend the "Jurassic Park" series' mythology. Johnston said the film would feel like a departure from the previous films, implying it would not be set on an island. Johnston also said it would not involve the  Pteranodons from the ending of "Jurassic Park III", then later hinted it would. Actor Sam Neill, who portrayed Dr. Alan Grant in two previous films in the series, said he could not imagine a way for his character to be involved in another film. Neill was contracted for three films; other actors from "Jurassic Park III" were also contracted for a potential fourth film. In April 2002, it was reported that the fourth "Jurassic Park" film would be the last in the series and that it would ignore events portrayed in its predecessor. In June 2002, Spielberg confirmed plans for  a fourth film, which he hoped Johnston would direct. Spielberg also said he considered the film's story idea the best one since the first film. By October 2002, Neill was being considered for a possible role in the film. The following month, William Monahan was announced as the screenwriter, with Spielberg and Kathleen Kennedy as producers. Universal Pictures would be involved in the film's production. The film was scheduled for a mid-2005 release. In January 2003, Jeff Goldblum said he had been asked to stay available for a possible return of his character Dr. Ian Malcolm. At the  end of the month, it was reported the story would partially involve dinosaurs migrating to the Costa Rican mainland. A team of experts, including Alan Grant and Ian Malcolm, would chart an expedition to an offshore island and discover the dinosaurs breeding freely. Part of the plot would involve the characters devising a way to restrict the spread of the dinosaurs and prevent an ecological disaster. Early concept art also depicted genetically engineered human-dinosaur mercenaries. Stan Winston's special effects studio, which worked on the previous films, was in the design phase for the film as of April 2003 . Winston intended for the special effects to be more advanced than in the previous films, for instance by creating animatronics of "Velociraptors" with internal motors, providing better control and movement. Winston said Spielberg wanted to adapt several unfilmed scenes from Michael Crichton's "Jurassic Park" novel and its sequel "The Lost World". By July 2003, Keira Knightley was in consideration for two roles, including a small role as a granddaughter. Monahan's first draft of the script was finished later that month; the story was not set in a jungle, as in previous films. Neill confirmed he would reprise his  character; filming was set to begin in 2004 in California and Hawaii. In September 2003, Richard Attenborough said he would reprise his role as John Hammond. The following month, paleontologist Jack Horner said he would return as technical adviser for the fourth film, hinting it would feature a "Velociraptor". He was later asked about a hypothetical idea of humans evolving from dinosaurs rather than mammals; Horner responded, "Keep thinking about that, and in a couple of years go see "Jurassic Park 4"". Knightley's character was written out in late 2003. In March 2004, Johnston said he had not been  asked to direct the film and hoped Spielberg would direct it. Johnston said a story that would take the series in a completely different direction "away from the island and away from the T. rex and all this" was being written. In April 2004, script doctors were being sought to work on the film's story, which involved dinosaurs being trained by the government to carry and use weapons in battles. As of May 2004, screenwriter John Sayles was writing the script, after being hired to finish earlier work done by Monahan, who had left the project to work on  Kingdom of Heaven. Sayles wrote two drafts for the film. In his first draft, Isla Nublar and InGen have been taken over by Grendel Corporation, a Swiss holdings company, while creatures from the island have begun attacking people on the mainland of Central and North America. The script featured a brief return to Isla Nublar and would focus on a mercenary named Nick Harris, a new character who is sent by John Hammond to the island to retrieve a canister of dinosaur DNA that was lost during the events of the first film. With the DNA, Hammond intends to have  his scientists create a new group of infertile dinosaurs that can kill the extant ones. Harris retrieves the canister but is kidnapped and taken to Grendel Corporation's headquarters in the Swiss Alps, where he is persuaded into helping the company train a team of genetically modified "Deinonychus" and two "Dilophosaurus" for use on rescue missions and to combat drug dealers. The dinosaurs would be equipped with body armor and would use their teeth and claws as weapons. The "Deinonychus" would be hybrids, containing human DNA for intelligence and dog DNA for obedience. The script focused mostly on the efforts  of Harris and a team of experts as they train the dinosaurs. Hammond would be the only returning character in this draft. The concept of a human who trains raptors came from Spielberg. By June 2004, Frank Marshall had joined the project as a producer, while Alex Proyas was in discussions to direct, with filming expected to begin in March 2005 for a late-2005 release. Filming would begin at Pinewood Studios, where a massive tank was to be constructed for scenes involving marine reptiles. In July 2004, the script was being rewritten and Jeremy Piven and Emmy Rossum were being  considered for two of the lead roles. Glen Powell auditioned for a role as well, and Attenborough was to reprise his character. Later in July 2004, Proyas said he was not interested in directing the film. In August 2004, Drew McWeeny of Ain't It Cool News published a review of Sayles's initial draft, calling it "well-written and inventive" but "bugfuck crazy". Sayles later confirmed this was an early draft of the script that had been intercepted through Spielberg's email by a hacker. In late August 2004, David Boreanaz was rumored and later reported to have the  lead role, although he was actually in consideration for "Fantastic Four". Sayles was still rewriting the script in September 2004, with the film on track for a late-2005 release. Stalled progress. In April 2005, Winston confirmed the film was on hold because of repeated revisions to the film's script, none of which satisfied Spielberg. According to Winston, "He felt neither of [the drafts] balanced the science and adventure elements effectively ... too much science will make the movie too talky, but too much adventure will make it seem hollow". Progress on the film stalled during 2005 as Marshall and Spielberg  were busy with other film projects. At the end of the year, Spielberg said he planned to include a scene inspired by Crichton's novel "The Lost World" that would involve characters on motorcycles as they flee from raptors. In January 2006, Johnston and Horner were working on a new screenplay, with further work expected to begin following the completion of a fourth Indiana Jones film that Spielberg and Marshall were working on. In February 2006, Marshall said the film now had a good script, with filming expected to begin in 2007 for a 2008 release. In March 2006, Marshall  said the film had a script and was getting a director; Johnston was a possible candidate. In April 2006, Marshall said there was an idea for the film but no script. Marshall said Crichton would not write the script and that Spielberg would not direct it. The script was still being worked on in June 2006. The following month, Spielberg denied an Internet rumor that Breck Eisner would direct, saying Johnston was standing by for the job. In December 2006, Laura Dern said she was open to reprising her role as Ellie Sattler but had not been contacted about appearing  in the film. In March 2007, Neill said he knew nothing about the project. By April 2007, Dern had been contacted about appearing in the film, with filming expected to begin that year for release in 2008. By that time, Johnston no longer planned to direct the film. In December 2007, Marshall said further work on the script would begin at the end of the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, with filming potentially starting in 2008 for a release in mid-2009. Horner's 2009 book, "How to Build a Dinosaur", was originally planned for release at the same time  as the film as a scientific companion volume. During 2008, Attenborough and Goldblum expressed interest in reprising their roles, although Attenborough suffered a fall at his home later that year and subsequently retired from acting. In a 2008 interview, Johnston discussed the possibility of "Jurassic Park IV", stating that the film's story was completely different from that of its predecessors and would not be set on an island. Johnston also said the film would take the franchise into a new trilogy. In December 2008, a month after Crichton's death, Kennedy said, "I sorta felt maybe that's it . Maybe that's a sign that we don't mess with it." In June 2009, Marshall said the film was a long shot and that it did not have a story. In early 2010, Johnston said "Jurassic Park IV" would essentially be the beginning of a second "Jurassic Park" trilogy. Johnston also said the film would feature new characters and a story that did not involve a dinosaur theme park, and would not use the story from Sayles's initial 2004 draft. Johnston hoped to further develop the project with Spielberg after they finished other projects, including Johnston's 2011  film, "". In 2011, Iain McCaig presented a pitch trailer titled "Jurassic World" to Spielberg. The trailer depicted loose pterosaurs attacking a surfer. The trailer, part of a multi-media attempt to revive the franchise, was rejected. By June 15, 2011, Spielberg had met twice with writer Mark Protosevich to work on a story for a potential fourth "Jurassic Park" film. In July 2011, Johnston said he was in discussions about the fourth film, which was still planned as the start of a new trilogy. Later that month at the San Diego Comic-Con International, Spielberg said a writer was working  on a treatment for the film, which he said might be released "within the next two or three years". A representative of Universal said 2013 would be the preferred deadline for completion. Spielberg initially felt that the film's planned story was stronger than that of "Jurassic Park III". Protosevich wrote two story treatments for the film, but neither were accepted. At the time, Spielberg and Kennedy felt that the film did not have an adequate story. Story ideas were still being discussed toward the end of 2011. In January 2012, Spielberg said he would not direct the film but  would produce it. In June 2012, it was announced that writers Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver would be scripting "Jurassic Park 4". Pre-production. On January 11, 2013, Universal said the film would be made in 3D and released on June 13, 2014. In February, it was reported that Kennedy would not be producing the film in favor of focusing on the "Star Wars" sequel trilogy. Marshall remained as a producer. Shortly after, the director of studio operations at Raleigh Studios in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, confirmed that Universal Pictures had reserved space there from April to November 2013, without specifying  the reason. Brad Bird had wanted to direct "", and he suggested to Kennedy that she temporarily employ Colin Trevorrow as a stand-in for him during the film's pre-production. Under this proposal, Bird would take over the "Star Wars" project upon completion of his film "Tomorrowland". Bird's idea prompted Kennedy and her husband, Marshall, to watch Trevorrow's 2012 film "Safety Not Guaranteed", which they found impressive. Marshall subsequently had Spielberg watch the film, convincing him that Trevorrow could be an adequate choice to direct "Jurassic Park IV". At the end of February 2013, Marshall arranged a  meeting between himself, Trevorrow and Spielberg. Marshall said he and Spielberg realized that Trevorrow "was deeply steeped in Jurassic Park and would bring that sense of childlike wonder to the film." Trevorrow was subsequently hired without reading Jaffa and Silver's script, which was still being written. On March 14, 2013, Universal announced Trevorrow as director, and Patrick Crowley as a producer. A year had been spent searching for a director. Spielberg, Marshall, and Kennedy had previously considered Juan Antonio Bayona to direct "Jurassic World", but he declined because he felt there was not enough time for production. Trevorrow's  only prior experience in directing a major film project was the low-budget "Safety Not Guaranteed". Despite Trevorrow's lack of experience on such a large film project, Crowley said "from the beginning he exhibited real characteristics of leadership and had that inherent decisiveness required. His comments and observations were wise, certainly far beyond his experience and years, and it was clear early on that he had what it takes." In April 2013, Jack Horner said a new, previously extinct creature would rise to stardom in the film. After reading Jaffa and Silver's draft, Trevorrow insisted on completely rewriting  the script with writing partner Derek Connolly, who had never seen any of the "Jurassic Park" films prior to that point. Trevorrow had told the filmmakers, "if I direct this screenplay, it's going to be a bad movie. I'm gonna do a bad job, because I just don't get it." Trevorrow and Connolly wrote their own draft of the script over a couple of weeks. The studio received the draft on May 6, 2013, and found the script changes more large-scale than anticipated. On May 8, 2013, the studio announced it was pushing the release  from June 13, 2014, to an unspecified future date. Filming had been set to begin on June 24, 2013. Delaying the film allowed Trevorrow and Connolly more time to work on the script, as Spielberg felt that it needed improvement. Another reason for the delay was to allow time for the construction of practical sets for the fictional theme park; it was previously intended to add in these buildings using computer effects. In May 2013, Trevorrow tweeted a picture of Kauai taken during location scouting with the caption "Nublar", the name of the island in the original film. Later that  month, Sam Neill said it was unlikely he would be a part of the film, stating, "I'm told it's a big reboot, a total re-jig." Trevorrow eventually tweeted that "Reboot is a strong word. This is a new sci-fi terror adventure set 22 years after the horrific events of "Jurassic Park"." In June 2013, a new release date of 2015 was announced, and it was reported that the film would revolve around a fully functional dinosaur theme park. In August 2013, Legendary Pictures was considering co-financing the film with Universal. On September 10, 2013, Universal  Pictures announced that the film would be titled "Jurassic World" and would be released on June 12, 2015. Trevorrow chose to rename the film from its previous title, "Jurassic Park IV", to differentiate it from previous films in the series. Trevorrow also said that within the story, "if you named a theme park 'Jurassic Park' after the disaster that had happened it would be a horrible PR mistake." New Orleans was announced as a filming location in February 2014. By that time, Legendary Pictures had agreed to co-finance the film, and provided about 20% of the budget. China Film  Group has been reported as also having financed the film. Thomas Tull of Legendary Pictures served as executive producer for the film with Spielberg. Writing. Spielberg had three ideas he wanted Jaffa and Silver to incorporate into the script; a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, a human who has a relationship with trained raptors (from Sayles's earlier draft), and a human-eating dinosaur that escapes and has to be stopped. Spielberg also wanted the story to involve children. Jaffa and Silver's draft, titled "Jurassic Park IV", included an early scene set in China, where the fossilized remains of  a new dinosaur species are discovered by a Chinese paleontologist. In the draft, the remains are stolen by a corporation with malicious intentions, leading the paleontologist and her two sons to visit Jurassic Park. Jaffa and Silver worked on the script for approximately a year, with input from Spielberg. The script also included an opening scene with the dinosaur handler and his raptor pack jumping out of a helicopter to perform a military raid of a drug dealer's compound, an idea that was present in Sayles' earlier draft. Trevorrow and Connolly. After the film was delayed in May 2013 , Trevorrow and Connolly continued rewriting the script and worked with Spielberg to perfect it. Throughout the writing period, Trevorrow, Connolly and Spielberg discussed in meetings the film's story. David Koepp also met with Trevorrow and Connolly to advise them on the script. Koepp wrote the first two films in the series; he declined an offer to write the fourth film because he felt he had nothing left to contribute to the series. Trevorrow said perfecting the script was the hardest part because "Jurassic Park" films "don't fit into a specific genre. They're sci-fi adventures that also  have to be funny, emotional and scary as hell. That takes a lot of construction, but it can't feel designed." To write the film's story, Trevorrow and Connolly discussed major news events that occurred in the past twenty years. Trevorrow said two main ideas emerged; the ill-advised pursuit of money leading to environmental disaster and the ubiquity of technology leading to ignorance and the taking for granted of scientific wonders. According to Trevorrow; "[w]e take so much for granted … we imagined a teenager texting his girlfriend with his back to a T-Rex behind protective glass. For  us, that image captured the way much of the audience feels about the movies themselves. 'We've seen CG dinosaurs. What else you got?'" The film features a large amount of product placement, including Samsung and Mercedes-Benz. Trevorrow said this was inspired by a quotation from Ian Malcolm in the first film; "You stood on the shoulders of geniuses to accomplish something as fast as you could, and before you even knew what you had, you patented it, and packaged it, and slapped it on a plastic lunchbox, and now you wanna sell it." Trevorrow also viewed "Jurassic World  as a story about film sequels, explaining, Why would you make another sequel to one of these movies? It's a horrible mistake. Well, because there's a lot of money on the table. Why would you rebuild a park? We re-make our mistakes because somebody somewhere is going to make a lot of money." Trevorrow believed that Crichton would have appreciated the film's thematic perspective on corporations. Trevorrow and Connolly retained Spielberg's three ideas, although Trevorrow felt the concept of trained raptors was, in its original form, too extreme and had to be "pulled way, way , way back". A few months after being hired, Trevorrow read through each of the previous drafts for the film. Trevorrow said each previous draft "tried to do something different" from the earlier films in the series. Trevorrow called Sayles's initial draft "fascinating in a lot of ways. There were a lot of things I loved about it. It was properly bonkers. In a way, I aspired for our film, in its fearlessness and willingness, to go there". Trevorrow further stated that he was "interested in what the Sayles script was trying to do because it was so daring. It  was trying to set a tone for how far forward we needed to push". However, he felt that each of the previous scripts "took us too far forward with man's progressions with dinosaurs." Owen's relationship with raptors was inspired by real-life relationships between humans and dangerous animals such as lions and alligators. In their first appearance in the film, the raptors are ordered not to eat a live pig in their enclosure; Trevorrow said that this "was as far as we should be able to go" with the concept of trained raptors. Trevorrow and Connolly did not  want to include previous characters in the new film without a good reason for their return to the series; they considered Dr. Henry Wu, the scientist responsible for recreating dinosaurs, a logical choice. In the first novel, Henry Wu had a much larger role, which was trimmed down for the film adaptation. Trevorrow said that the characters Alan Grant, Ian Malcolm, and Ellie Sattler were not included in the script because "I respect those actors too much to shoehorn them into this story for my own sentimental reasons. "Jurassic Park" isn't about the bad luck of three people who  keep getting thrown into the same situation. The only reason they'd go back to that island is if the screenwriters contrived a reason for them to go." Trevorrow said viewers could feel nostalgia without having an actor reprise a role after so many years, which he believed "might make you feel old and remind you that you're on a slow march towards death, like the rest of us!" According to Trevorrow, the film "isn't a sequel or a reboot or a remake, it's all of those things in a strange way". He did not wish to  make a "carbon copy of "Jurassic Park"". "Jurassic World" features various references to "Jurassic Park", and is considered a direct sequel to the first film; Trevorrow stated that the events of the previous two films were not relevant to the new film's story because they take place on a different island. He also said the events depicted in the film's predecessors are still canon in the film series. Rewrite. Trevorrow's and Connolly's rewrite of the Jaffa/Silver script introduced various changes, including new characters. Trevorrow wrote the characters Hoskins, Masrani, and Wu while Connolly wrote the  children and female characters. In Jaffa and Silver's draft, the main character, who would become Owen, actively supported the militarization of the raptors from the beginning of the story. Trevorrow said "if anyone's gonna militarize raptors that's what the bad guy does, he's insane". Characters in the Jaffa/Silver draft included Vance and Whitney, who would later become Owen and Claire in the Trevorrow/Connolly revision. Whitney would serve as an obstacle to Vance's plans, and would have a smaller role than that of Claire. Trevorrow felt that Whitney was the one character in  the earlier script who "had the most room to grow". Trevorrow chose the name "Claire", describing it as "hard on the surface but ultimately warm and loving," while Connolly chose the surname "Dearing". According to Trevorrow, Connolly "loves those Dickensian names that suggest a bit about the character, push the viewer in the direction the author wants them to go. She may seem sharp-edged at first, but ultimately she's very endearing." Trevorrow's and Connolly's script redraft also changed the story so viewers would first see the theme park from the perspective of a child. Trevorrow said  one of his goals was for the child characters of Zach and Gray to "not be annoying. And I think we pulled it off." Gray was initially written as a child with autism, a trait that was removed from the final draft. Initially, the film's new dinosaur was known as "Malusaurus". In Jaffa's and Silver's draft, the new dinosaur—a non-existent species—was depicted as a real animal. Trevorrow made the dinosaur a genetically modified hybrid named "Indominus rex" to maintain consistency with earlier films in the series, which had incorporated the latest paleontological discoveries; he  said, "I didn't wanna make up a new dinosaur and tell kids it was real". Trevorrow said that the behavior of the "Indominus rex" was somewhat inspired by the 2013 film "Blackfish", saying the dinosaur "is kind of out killing for sport because it grew up in captivity. It's sort of, like, if the black fish orca got loose and never knew its mother and has been fed from a crane." Trevorrow said the idea of a hybrid dinosaur was "not tremendously different from [those in] the first film, by adding frog DNA. It's the next level ." In addition to the "Indominus rex", the earlier draft by Trevorrow and Connolly also included a second hybrid dinosaur named "Stegoceratops", which is bred using DNA from "Stegosaurus" and "Triceratops". Trevorrow removed the animal from the final script after his son persuaded him that featuring multiple hybrids would not make the "Indominus" unique. Hybrid dinosaurs were previously introduced to the franchise through Jurassic Park: Chaos Effect, an unsuccessful toy line released by Kenner in 1998. Trevorrow and Connolly shortened the raptor hunt for the park's new, escaped dinosaur, which in the Jaffa/Silver draft occupied the second half of  the film. One scene, which was inspired by Crichton's novel "The Lost World", involves Owen riding a motorcycle while his raptors race alongside him during their search for the "Indominus". Spielberg had intended to include the scene as early as 2005, although his initial vision for the scene involved humans on motorcycles fleeing from raptors rather than cooperating with them. The "Indominus" camouflage ability is also present in "The Lost World", which features "Carnotaurus" with the same ability. Trevorrow suggested the idea of including a "Mosasaurus" as part of a theme-park feeding show in which park-goers would  watch from bleachers as the animal leaps out of a lagoon and catches its prey: a shark hanging above the water. Spielberg suggested lowering the bleachers afterwards to give park guests a view of the creature in its aquatic habitat. The theme park's ball-shaped gyrosphere rides were another of Spielberg's ideas; he approved Trevorrow's and Connolly's draft in September 2013. Casting. Prior to the production delay in May 2013, actors Bryce Dallas Howard, David Oyelowo and Garrett Hedlund had been considered for roles in the film. By August 15, 2013, John Krasinski was in talks  for a role as a dinosaur tamer. In September 2013, Howard was in early negotiations for a role and was cast by early November. By mid-October, Ty Simpkins had been cast as the child lead, while Nick Robinson was cast as the older brother of Simpkins's character. Trevorrow wanted to cast Robinson after seeing his performance in "The Kings of Summer". Robinson and Simpkins had to perform a "scream test" before being cast. During mid-October, Jake Johnson was being considered for a role while Josh Brolin was reportedly in talks to play Owen. Brolin was an early  candidate in consideration but ultimately did not receive an offer for the role. By mid-November 2013, Brolin was no longer in consideration for the film and Chris Pratt was in negotiations for the role of Owen. By mid-January 2014, Pratt had been cast in the role. Trevorrow had been impressed by Pratt's acting in "Zero Dark Thirty". In 2010, Pratt had joked that Spielberg had cast him in the film. Trevorrow said that when Pratt was cast, "we had no idea he'd become as big a star as he has. I just cast a bunch of  character actors, as all Jurassic Park movies have. And somehow we ended up with a movie star." Trevorrow considered Owen to be a combination of Alan Grant and Ian Malcolm. Pratt said about the character; "He's got a little bit of the Goldblum cynicism but also the Sam Neill excitement at the wonder of the biology of it all, so it's a combination". Although Pratt received top billing in the cast, Trevorrow stated that Howard's character Claire is the lead character. Vincent D'Onofrio, Irrfan Khan and Omar Sy were cast in early 2014. Trevorrow had admired Sy 's acting and wrote the character of Barry with him in mind for the role. Trevorrow also said he cast actors such as Sy because they were well-known internationally, stating that "this is a global film and Jurassic Park doesn't belong to just America". In March 2014, Johnson confirmed he would have a role in the film. Johnson previously starred in Trevorrow's "Safety Not Guaranteed". The same month, Trevorrow announced BD Wong would reprise his role as Dr. Henry Wu, stating that the character would have a more significant role than he did in the original film . A week before filming began, it was announced that Judy Greer, Katie McGrath and Lauren Lapkus had joined the cast. Over the next two months, it was announced Andy Buckley and James DuMont had joined the cast. Filming. Principal photography began on April 10, 2014, at Hawaii's Honolulu Zoo. The film was made under the working title "Ebb Tide", which Spielberg chose before Trevorrow was hired. Spielberg did not visit the set, although he watched daily film footage at the end of each production day and sometimes advised Trevorrow on the filming of certain scenes. In contrast to the  prevalence of digital cinematography in the 2010s, cinematographer John Schwartzman used Panavision cameras with a combination of Kodak 35mm and 65mm film stocks. One of the 65mm cameras used on the production was used in the filming of Stanley Kubrick's "". The reason the filmmakers chose to shoot "Jurassic World" on film stock, in addition to both Spielberg and Schwartzman's personal preference for the format, was to match the visual aesthetic of the previous three film-shot "Jurassic Park" pictures, and because the film's exterior jungle scenes required a greater dynamic range of light than  digital cameras could accommodate. Most of "Jurassic World" was made on 35mm film and large exteriors in Hawaii were shot using 65mm film, which was used for visual effect sequences and as location shots where the filmmakers wanted extra visual impact. The film is presented in a Univisium 2.00:1 aspect ratio, an intermediate ratio that falls between the two industry standard aspect ratios of 1.85:1 (flat) and 2.39:1 (scope). This was chosen because it allowed enough height for humans and dinosaurs to fit into the same frame without giving up a sense of scope, and closely matches the  ratio of digital IMAX screens. Schwartzman made extensive use of the Technocrane telescopic crane, which Crowley described as fitting for a thriller, "being able to march into people, to get in closer and closer, as they realize that there's something out there". Tracking shots, particularly those that would serve as reference to the visual effects team, used a Spydercam. Scroggins Aviation Mockup & Effects was hired to fabricate and build the Blue Eurocopter EC130 T2 airframe body known as "JW001" in the film, while 32TEN Studios created the automatic Jurassic World gates and various practical effects such as explosions. During  filming, Trevorrow confirmed reports that the story involved a functioning dinosaur theme park and a hybrid dinosaur; he was disappointed these details could not be kept secret until the film's release. During filming, the "Indominus rex" was also known as "Diabolus rex", a name Trevorrow devised to maintain secrecy on the project. Hawaii. Filming lasted four weeks on the Hawaiian island of Oahu. An elephant paddock at the Honolulu Zoo was used to portray Jurassic World's petting zoo. Howard's son portrayed one of the children seen in the zoo. Filming in Hawaii was limited to three hours  on some days because of torrential rain. The -high "Indominus" paddock and the Gyrosphere departure platform were built at Oahu's Kualoa Ranch; both sets were left standing after production to become tourist attractions. A Triumph Scrambler was used as Owen's motorcycle. Three of the motorcycles were made for the film production. Owen's motorcycle sequence with the raptors was filmed along a dirt road at Kualoa Ranch; computer-generated jungle foliage was added during post-production. Pratt crashed his motorcycle during filming, resulting in minor injuries. A scene involving a mountainside helipad was also shot at Kualoa Ranch , as was a scene set outside Owen's camper trailer. At the end of April 2014, interior scenes were filmed at the Hawaii Convention Center. The film's ending, in which park guests are evacuated to an airplane hangar set up as a shelter, was filmed at the Pacific Aviation Museum Pearl Harbor on Ford Island. A Honolulu ferry, the Navatek I, was used to portray a Jurassic World ferry for theme park guests. Filming moved to Kauai on May 15, 2014, and concluded there on June 6, 2014. The Hawaii shoot lasted a total of 33 days. Louisiana. "Jurassic  World" was also shot in Louisiana to take advantage of the state's tax incentives, making it the first film in the series not to be shot at studios in Los Angeles. Filming was scheduled to remain in Louisiana for eleven weeks beginning in June 2014 at New Orleans's abandoned Six Flags New Orleans theme park, and continuing there for approximately two weeks. Jurassic World's Main Street and boardwalk, measuring , was constructed in Six Flags New Orleans' parking lot, but the theme park itself was not used for filming, as it was too badly damaged from Hurricane Katrina . While filming was underway in Hawaii, a crew of approximately 400 people worked to construct the boardwalk set. Approximately 800 extras were used to populate the Main Street set during filming. One of Main Street's restaurants is named Winston's after Stan Winston, who died in 2008. A statue of Attenborough's character John Hammond is also seen in the film. Although Goldblum did not reprise his role as Ian Malcolm, the character is twice shown in an image on a fictional book written by the character. Singer Jimmy Buffett, a friend of Marshall, has a brief, non-speaking  cameo appearance during the film's pterosaur attack sequence. A Margaritaville restaurant, part of a chain owned by Buffett, was constructed as part of Jurassic World's Main Street; it is destroyed during a battle between the "T. rex" and the "Indominus". Trevorrow based the pterosaur attack sequence on triptych paintings by Hieronymus Bosch that include details for their admirers to observe. Trevorrow said about the scene, "I wanted to be able to step back and look at these tableaus of chaotic action and allow people who watch the movie over and over again ... to always see a different story  as you look specifically at different parts of the frame." The sequence includes a scene in which Claire's assistant Zara (McGrath) is carried off by several "Pteranodon" before falling into the park's lagoon, where she is eaten by the "Mosasaurus", marking the first female death in the series. Trevorrow wanted to make it "the most spectacular death we can possibly imagine", while also wanting to surprise moviegoers, stating, "Let's have someone die who just doesn't deserve to die at all." McGrath performed her own stunts for the scene, which involved the fall and submersion into the  park's lagoon. Most of the filming in New Orleans took place at Big Easy Studios, located at NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility complex in East New Orleans. Interior scenes, including the Jurassic World visitor's center, control room and laboratories, were filmed at the Michoud facility, where six stages were occupied for the production. Jack Horner helped designed the educational displays in the Jurassic World visitor center. Approximately 200 extras, acting as park guests sitting on bleachers, were doused with water as part of a scene depicting the "Mosasaurus" feeding show, which was filmed on an outdoor set at  the Michoud facility. The raptor enclosure, an octagonal, -high outdoor structure, was also constructed at the Michoud facility. A set for the original Jurassic Park visitor center was also constructed at the facility. An overturned Ford Explorer tour vehicle from the original film was initially considered for inclusion in the film, but Trevorrow ultimately settled on featuring the original Jurassic Park visitor center instead. One jungle scene was filmed on a soundstage in Louisiana, while the rest were filmed earlier in Hawaii. On June 30, 2014, Robinson, Simpkins and Greer filmed scenes at Louis Armstrong International Airport in New Orleans . In July 2014, fake snow was used in New Orleans for scenes that depict Zach and Gray's house in Wisconsin. An evacuation scene was filmed at Audubon Zoo in New Orleans. Approximately 15 cameras were set up in trees at the zoo to film extras running around in a panic. These scenes were used as security footage for the park's control room. Swamp scenes were filmed in Slidell, Louisiana. The Jurassic World theme park was based on resorts around the world, and production designer Ed Verreaux said "we wanted to create an environment modern travelers would really want  to visit." Trevorrow wanted the theme park to resemble "a place that could exist now, not a sci-fi imagining set in the future." To aid in the design of the Jurassic World control room, Trevorrow and Crowley visited the control rooms at various Universal and Disney theme parks prior to filming. Trevorrow and Crowley were disappointed by the unexciting appearances of real-life control rooms and made the Jurassic World control room more elaborate than its real-life counterparts. The control room set included many television monitors displaying miscellaneous information; some of the footage for the monitors was filmed  in Hawaii and at the NASA facility, and some was also obtained from Universal Orlando. Production designers based parts of the control room set on the NASA facility's control room. Filming wrapped on August 5, 2014, after 78 shooting days. Deleted scenes. Trevorrow filmed two versions of many scenes so he could choose which version to use for the final film. One scene that was deleted from the final film featured a kiss between the control-room characters of Vivian and Lowery. The scene was removed because the film already contained such a scene between Owen and Claire; Trevorrow  said, "I knew I could only pull off one kiss in this movie." A comedic scene featuring Howard's character and dinosaur feces, which is similar to Laura Dern's scene in the original "Jurassic Park", was cut from the cinematic release. Another deleted scene occurs during the fight between the "T. rex" and the "Indominus", which initially would have been watched by park guests. Trevorrow chose not to include the scene because it could not be seamlessly included without disrupting the fight scene, most of which filmed in a single take. During a conversation scene between Wu and Masrani , a line of dialogue in which Wu asks "How long do you think you can control it? We won't always be the only ones who can make a dinosaur" was cut. An unfilmed scene would have shown the "Indominus rex" being startled by an animatronic "T. rex" at the park and subsequently tearing the head off of the animatronic animal. Spielberg objected to the scene because he believed it would be disrespectful to Stan Winston for suggesting computer-animated dinosaurs are better than animatronics. Creatures on screen. "Jurassic World" is the first film in the series without the involvement  of Stan Winston, who died in 2008. The animatronic dinosaurs were handled by Winston's former colleagues at Legacy Effects, many of whom worked on the previous three films. Legacy Effects contributed lighting reference models and a practically built animatronic. Visual effects supervisor Phil Tippett and Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) also returned to create dinosaurs using computer-generated imagery (CGI). Image Engine also worked on the film's creatures. Tim Alexander served as visual effects supervisor and "Jurassic Park" supervisor Dennis Muren provided advice to the ILM crew on matters such as lighting the dinosaurs. Some of the computer-generated  creatures, including those seen in the park's petting zoo, were created with motion capture using human actors to perform the animals' movements, marking the first time that motion capture technology had been used in the making of a dinosaur film. Trevorrow said, "We got to build everyone from the ground up because technology has changed so much that everything is a rebuild". New technology such as subsurface scattering allowed the creatures' skin and muscle tissue to be given additional detail that could not be achieved in the earlier films. As with previous films in the series, actors had to  imagine many of the film's creatures, which were digitally added during post-production. Actors were aided by cardboard cut-outs and tennis balls on sticks, all of which represented the creatures that would later be added into the film. ILM used its V-scout application, which used an iPad to digitally depict dinosaur models in the filming environment, to further aid the actors. ILM also used the V-scout during location scouting. For more than a year and a half, sound designer Al Nelson and his team traveled to zoos and bird sanctuaries in several states to record various  bird sounds, which would be used as vocal effects for the dinosaurs. Part of the fight scene between the "T. rex" and the "Indominus" was inspired by a video clip that Spielberg shot of his dogs growling and lunging at each other. Early in pre-production, Tippett helped Trevorrow plan and choreograph the battle sequence by having a scale model created for the scene. Previsualizations of the scene were then created to assist in filming it. Tippett also visited the set during production and later discussed the creature animations with ILM. Trevorrow included several creatures he felt had always deserved  a big scene; he stated, "I didn't want to just throw the kitchen sink at it. Each of these movies has done a good job at just very carefully, in a measured way, increasing the new dinosaurs that you see." Several creatures make notable appearances in the film: Music. The musical score was composed by Michael Giacchino, who had previously scored the video games "" and "". John Williams's themes from previous "Jurassic Park" scores were incorporated by Giacchino, who said; "It was a really targeted approach, as to where to [include Williams's themes] and where would make the  most sense and where would we most appreciate it, as fans ourselves". A soundtrack album was released on June 9, 2015, by Back Lot Music.