Paternity fraud in Nigeria
Paternity fraud in Nigeria is the pretence that a Nigerian father is the legitimate and biological father of a child. It usually occurs when a woman deliberately misidentifies a man as the biological and legitimate father of her child. This fraudulent act led the man to believe a biological connection with a child of another man and sometimes remain undetected for several years. In most cases, women are often aware that the presumed biological father is not genetically linked with the child. A DNA expert from Lagos University Teaching Hospital claimed that 30% of the Nigerian  men who went to paternity testing centers (paternity testing laboratories) were not the biological fathers of the children in their custody. However, samples drawn from paternity testing laboratories are not representative of a given general population, and are many times more likely to contain instances of paternity fraud than a random sample from the populations from which they are drawn. Similarly, two large samples from paternity testing laboratories drawn from Sweden and from a white American group from Los Angeles found paternity fraud (or "non-paternity") rates of 38.7% and 24.9% respectively, although "non-paternity" rates in the general populations  are much lower. Causes. The major causes of paternity fraud in Nigeria had been attributed to "infidelity, adultery and increase in sexual recklessness among Nigerian couples" together with "poor family planning". Mix-ups in maternity hospitals are an additional factor in failed paternity tests: in these cases maternity test will fail too.