Black-banded sea krait
The black-banded sea krait ("Laticauda semifasciata"), also known commonly as the Chinese sea snake, is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Laticaudinae of the family Elapidae. In Japan it is known as "erabu umi hebi" (), and in Okinawa as the "irabu". It is found in most of the warm waters of the western Pacific Ocean. This sea snake frequents coral reef areas. It has a short head, thick trunk, and no easily discernible neck. The tail is simply extended skin, spread wide like a fin, and unsupported by any bony projections from the  vertebral column. The stomach is comparatively wide. Massing together near the shore, it breeds between narrow cracks in the reef and in caves. It is a nocturnal snake, rarely seen during the day. It breathes air; so it breaks the surface at least once every six hours. It is too slow to catch fish in a straight chase, so it hunts for fish hiding in the coral. Alternately, gathering in the hundreds, the black-banded sea krait forms hunting alliances with bluefin trevally, flushing potential prey from narrow crannies in a reef the same way some moray eels do. The  bite is highly venomous and paralyzes the prey. Females lay their eggs on land. Generally, the species is found in Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Its venom is ten times stronger than that of a cobra, making it extremely dangerous. The snake does not attack humans unless it feels threatened or provoked. The erabu snake is a winter staple in southern Japan, where it is believed to replenish a female's womanhood. Irabu soup "irabu-jiru" () is said to taste like miso and a bit like tuna. This soup was a part of the royal court cuisine of  Ryukyu Kingdom; it is thought to have analeptic properties. Development. Males and females of the black-banded sea krait reach sexual maturity at snout-vent lengths (SVL) of , respectively. Females lay 3–7 eggs that hatch after 4–5 months. "L. semifasciata" can reach a total length (including tail) of . Location. As stated before, the black-banded sea krait can be found in the warm waters of the western Pacific Ocean. That being said, researchers have recently found "L. semifasciata" in the waters surrounding southern South Korea. This area is located outside its "typical distribution range (Japan, China including Taiwan, Philippines and  Indonesia)." The same researchers state that the black-banded sea krait has been dispersing northward from its typical distribution range due to climate change which has caused deterioration of its habitat.