The Record of Singing
The Record of Singing is a compilation of classical-music singing from the first half of the 20th century, the era of the 78-rpm record. It was issued on LP (with accompanying books) by EMI, successor to the British company His Master's Voice (better known as HMV) — perhaps the leading organization in the early history of audio recording. The project was accompanied initially by two illustrated books, containing singers' biographies and appraisals, which were published in London, by Duckworth, in the late 1970s. It covers the period running from circa 1900, when the earliest  recordings were made, through until the early 1950s, when the last 78-rpm records were produced. Singers are divided into groups arranged according to national 'schools' and "fach" or voice type. In practice, this means that there are separate Italian, German, French, Anglo-American and East European classifications. Rather than concentrating on famous singers whose recordings are widely available elsewhere, "The Record of Singing" includes a large number of lesser-known artists in order to give a broad picture of the contemporary operatic world. Vocal artists of such lasting renown as Enrico Caruso, Nellie Melba, Titta Ruffo, Feodor Chaliapin, Kirsten  Flagstad, Rosa Ponselle and Maria Callas are thus represented but by only a few recordings in each case. Nonetheless, no such compilation can ever be exhaustive in scope, and the project has been criticised from time to time since its initial release for overlooking a few important singers who, while largely forgotten today, were highly talented performers who once enjoyed substantial careers and made records of enduring artistic merit. Origins. The original idea for the series came from the collector Vivian Liff, who chose the recordings used in the first two volumes, almost all of which came from the Stuart -Liff Collection, as well as the photographs of the singers which were published in the books that accompanied volumes 1 and 2 of the project. Michael Scott was asked to write these two books. They contained brief singers' biographies, too and featured a critical (sometimes controversial) commentary (see below) about their accomplishments, are gleaned from certain discs they had made. Bryan Crimp of EMI was responsible for the transfers of the original recorded material to LP. Keith Hardwick, however, was responsible for the transfers, etc., on the final two volumes of the survey (which were not accompanied by books). Publication  on LPs. EMI first released the collection on vinyl LP (long-playing) records. Volume 1 first appeared in 1977, with a second edition in 1982 including corrections to the pitch of many of the recordings. The supplement also appeared around 1982. Volume 2 was published in 1979. Volume 3 and Volume 4 were released around 1984 and 1989 respectively. The complete set was on 47 discs. Volumes 1, 2 and 3 each occupied 13, with Volume 4 having 8 discs. The original intention was apparently to produce 12 LPs per volume; but the selection of singers included in Volume 1  proved controversial, and an extra record (entitled a 'Supplement') was added to partly correct oversights. Volumes 2 and 3 were then assigned 13 records each. Compact discs. Volume 4 was republished on seven compact discs (CD) by EMI Classics under the title "The Record of Singing Volume Four" in 1991. This was not apparently a commercial success and the firm did not proceed to reissue the first three volumes in the same format. Volume 3, however, was subsequently republished in 1999 on 10 CDs by Testament under the title "The EMI Record of Singing Volume Three: 1926–1939". This was still  available through retail outlets (as of 2010). Two related sets, each containing 10 CDs, were issued by EMI Classics in 2009. "The Record of Singing, 1899–1952: The Very Best of Vols. 1–4" consists of selections previously released in the original four volumes of LPs. "The Record of Singing, Vol. 5: 1953–2007 – From the LP to the Digital Era" is a new compilation which brings the series up to the present day. It has been criticised, however, for not being properly representative of non-EMI artists. MP3 download. Volume 2 is available as MP3 download on several internet platforms. The original  LPs are now spread over 13 parts. Each part comes with an individual cover, resembling the original cover picture, but varying in color. Documentation. The collection was published with extensive documentation, including the numbers of the original recordings and full biographies of the singers. The first two volumes were accompanied by books by Michael Scott: They were republished in paperback by Northeastern University Press in 1993,