Gauntlet (body piercing studio)
The Gauntlet, also known as Gauntlet Enterprises, was a body piercing business founded by Jim Ward that is considered the first business of its type in the United States and was the beginning of the body piercing industry. It was inspired by Ward's friend and mentor, Doug Malloy. The Gauntlet began in November 1975, with its original location was in Ward's West Hollywood home, but on the evening of Friday, November 17, 1978 it celebrated the grand opening of its first commercial location at 8720 Santa Monica Blvd. (also in West Hollywood). Eventually, Gauntlet  opened stores in San Francisco, New York City, and Seattle, as well as a franchise in Paris. The Gauntlet's clientele originated from the gay S&M communities of Southern California and Northern California and during the years that Ward ran his business from his home, many Gauntlet customers came from a group of gay Los Angeles men known as the "T&P Group" (for "Tattooing & Piercing"). The Gauntlet became known as a fashionable location for body piercing and its customer base grew beyond its original roots. At its heyday, The Gauntlet operated a strong mail order business for piercing jewelry and  manufactured its own jewelry. Eventually, manufacturing operations were contracted out to other companies. Not only did The Gauntlet manufacture jewelry, Ward and his team developed a number of the types of body jewelry in use today. This included coining the terms "barbell", "circular barbell", and "captive bead ring". The work done by Ward and others at this studio set the standard for the body piercings most commonly practiced in modern commercial settings. In addition to selling body jewelry and related equipment, The Gauntlet published a periodical called "PFIQ", or "Piercing Fans International Quarterly". Originally a mostly black and white newsletter , "PFIQ" evolved into a full-color glossy with photos, artwork, stories and tips related to body piercing. During its years of publication, "PFIQ" was the principal source for information on body piercing. A related publication, "Pin Pals", was a newsletter in which pierced people could place classified personal advertisements. In 1996, The Gauntlet received the Business of the Year award as part of the Pantheon of Leather Awards. Eventually, The Gauntlet experienced financial difficulties and the illness of Jim Ward further contributed to its woes. After a run of over twenty years, The Gauntlet closed its doors in late 1998 . Gauntlet Master Piercers. Beginning in 1992, several of the Gauntlet body piercers were awarded the certification of Senior and Master Piercer. Many of these individuals went on to become highly influential in the body piercing community, training later generations of body piercers, owning their own stores and evolving the craft to suit the needs of their clients, keeping up with sterility standards as well as jewelry trends.