Ferrari F2002
The Ferrari F2002 was a racing car used by Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro as its entry for competition in the 2002 Formula One season. It is widely regarded as one of the most successful Formula One car designs of all time, and guided Michael Schumacher to a then record-equaling fifth world drivers' title. The chassis was designed by Rory Byrne, Ignazio Lunetta, Aldo Costa, Marco Fainello, Nikolas Tombazis and James Allison and Paolo Martinelli, assisted by Giles Simon leading the engine design and operations, under the overall leadership of Ross Brawn who was the team's Technical Director  and Jean Todt the team Manager. It won fifteen Grands Prix, from a total of nineteen races in 2002 and 2003. Overview. The car was much lighter than its predecessor, the F2001. It was powered by the 3.0-litre "Tipo 051" V10 engine which initially produced @ 17,800 rpm. In qualifying mode, however, the engine developed up to at 19,000 rpm. To ensure durability and reliability, the engine performance was reduced during the race where it still produced at a maximum 18,600 rpm. The engine had a very low centre of gravity, which ensured excellent handling. The new "051" engine was  not the strongest engine of 2002, only being beaten out by the BMW "P81" engine used by the Williams team (which produced ); but the "051" was lighter, more compact, very fuel-efficient, and very driveable. An innovative and very small clutchless gearbox allowing ultra-quick changes had been designed, and because the unit was so small, the rear end aerodynamics were extremely tightly packaged into the honeycomb structure.. Bridgestone developed special tyres, suited specifically for the car. Aerodynamically, the Ferrari was well ahead of the contemporary Williams-BMW but perhaps a little down on power, and on a par with , or slightly ahead of the 2002 season's McLaren car. Williams in trying to solve their 2001 car's reliability problems were forced to "play it safe" for 2002, while McLaren's deficiency was due to the decision to stick with Michelin tyres as well as Mercedes struggling to design a beryllium-less engine for 2002. Using the Pomeroy Index system, Motor Sport magazine recently determined that the F2002 is the fastest Formula One car of all time. However, the Ferrari F2004 achieved better qualifying lap times at 12 of the courses which were raced by both cars (only the  2002 French Grand Prix, 2002 Belgian Grand Prix and 2002 Japanese Grand Prix was faster than the 2004 races, with two of these being due to rain). In terms of single lap performance while not as dominant as the McLaren MP4/4 in 1988 nor the Williams FW14B in 1992, both cars which each scored 15 poles in their respective season, the Ferrari F2002 scored 10 poles but was more reliable as well as relatively faster on Sundays than the MP4/4 and FW14B. Team personnel behind the F2002. The majority of the conceptual design work for the Ferrari F2002 was by  Ferrari's legendary South African chassis designer Rory Byrne and the engine design by Ferrari's Paolo Martinelli. The project was overseen by the team's technical director Ross Brawn. A vast army of other team personnel oversaw the running of the team and the project. Concept and design. Prior to the introduction of the F2002, Ferrari had used a revised version of their championship-winning Ferrari F2001 for the first few races of 2002. The F2002 was not only a development of the championship-winning Ferrari F2001, but a completely revolutionary model involving many technologies not seen previously. Since  the late 1990s, Ferrari had been using the same basic concept and design of gearbox and although this had been used to win drivers and constructors titles from 1999 onwards the technical team pushed ahead with a new version instead. The new replacement gearbox casing was made of ultra-lightweight and higher strength titanium, thus reducing its weight by as much as 15% and lowering the car's centre of gravity. The new compact design allowed for great advancement in the bodywork and increasing the car's aerodynamic efficiency at the rear. However such was the extent of the gearbox  casing redesign that the aerodynamic work was left behind schedule and initially did not represent the same performance gains as the mechanical engineering. Thus Ferrari continued its design for another two months and only started used the F2002 from the third round of the 2002 season onwards, in the interim using the previous year's F2001 chassis, albeit with many alterations and the inclusion of the Ferrari 051 2002 engine. Other advancements on the car include the clutchless "direct-shift" technology within the gearbox, a new fluid traction control system to replace the previous 2001 traction control system and upright  aerodynamically shaped periscopic exhaust outlets at the rear. The latter technology was incorporated both to use the hot exhaust gases for aerodynamic effect and to raise these gases higher and out the way of the rear suspension. On the previous occasions, Ferrari's non-chimneyed top exiting exhaust outlets had caused the rear suspension and other elements at the rear of the car to overheat or even melt when minor cracks occurred. Race history. At its first race in Brazil, the F2002 was victorious, being driven by Michael Schumacher and continuing Ferrari's trend since 1999 for its cars to  win on their debut. Michael Schumacher clinched second on the grid and after a first lap altercation with Juan Pablo Montoya, took a somewhat easy win from his brother Ralf's Williams. There was some controversy surrounding tyre allocation because the team only had one F2002 chassis at the race. Therefore, Schumacher's spare car was an F2001 chassis, and because the two chassis used different wheel rim designs each required separate wheels and tyres. It was thus argued that Schumacher had in-effect twice the allocation of tyres as any other driver. The controversy was managed by Ferrari agreeing  to aggregate their tyre usage between the two cars, ensuring that Schumacher used the same total number of tyres as all the other drivers. What followed was a season of domination, the likes of which had not been seen since McLaren's 1988 season. Between the two drivers, the F2002 brought the team nine 1-2 finishes, including five in a row. With the F2002, Schumacher scored 10 more victories, bringing his total for the season to 11 wins, setting a then-record for most in a season, while Rubens Barrichello scored four. The only race that the car failed  to win was at Monaco, while the F2001 did not take the Malaysian GP. Furthermore, Schumacher finished every race on the podium, never finishing lower than second with the F2002. The German won the world championship in record time, clinching the title at the 11th race of the season in France. The two Ferrari drivers were comfortably first and second in the Drivers' Championship, and Ferrari scored as many points (221) as the rest of the teams put together. Such was Ferrari's dominance that Ferrari did not evolve the car further after the Belgian Grand Prix and was still  significantly ahead for the rest of the season. Schumacher and Barrichello were criticized for swapping finishes at Austria and the United States - an event that would provoke a ban on 'team orders' for the following seasons, and would be raised again in 2010 when Ferrari was fined after appearing to instruct Felipe Massa to allow Fernando Alonso to win the German Grand Prix. The F2002 (renamed the F2002B) was still competitive at the beginning of 2003, and Schumacher took the car's last win in the San Marino Grand Prix before it was replaced by the F2003-GA for the  next race. The F2003-GA was not quite as successful as the F2002, and Schumacher only won the title by two points over McLaren's Kimi Räikkönen. Ferrari used 'Marlboro' logos, except at the British, French and United States Grands Prix. Complete Formula One results. <nowiki>*</nowiki> 207 points with the F2002 <nowiki>**</nowiki> 32 points scored with the F2002B