Thurgoland
Thurgoland (, ) is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England, on the A629 road. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,801, increasing to 1,969 at the 2011 Census. Buildings. The village has one primary school, and Holy Trinity Church, Thurgoland (Church of England), built in 1870. There are four public houses: The Monkey, The Horse & Jockey, The Green Dragon and The Bridge Inn. There are several listed buildings on Huthwaite Lane, including Huthwaite Hall (1748) designed by John Carr. There is a recreational ground at the centre  of the village, by the village hall and the youth centre. Thurgoland Junior School is ranked second in the local league table. History. The earliest known written record of Thurgoland is in the Domesday Book of 1086, in which it is referred to as "Turgesland". The name is of Old Norse origin and may mean 'Cultivated land of a man called Thorgeirr'. Other sources claim derivation from the Saxon ‘The fee farm in the Ga of Thor’ – meaning the rented farm on the land named in honour of the god Thor. In the 1840s the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and  Manchester Railway was built running past the village. A station was opened at Thurgoland in December 1845, but closed 11 months later. The two-mile-long Thurgoland Coal Branch opened on 24 November 1847 to serve the nearby Stanhope Silkstone Main Colliery. Thurgoland was a centre for wire drawing mills. There were three wire mills in the parish: Old Wire Mill is thought to date from 1624, New Wire Mill was built around 1717, and Thurgoland Tilt Mill was operating in the 19th century. Governance. Thurgoland is a civil parish and local issues are governed by a parish council, one  of 17 such councils in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley. It is in the Penistone East Ward of the Borough, which is represented on the Borough Council by John Wilson, Robert Barnard, and Paul Hand-Davis, all members of the Conservative Party. This ward became part of the new Penistone and Stocksbridge parliamentary constituency in the House of Commons in 2010. Geography. Thurgoland is located on the north side of the River Don, about south west of the town of Barnsley and north west of Sheffield City Centre. The village sits on a hill overlooking a bend in the river  at about above mean sea level. Demography. At the time of the 2011 Census the population of Thurgoland civil parish was 1,969 people. The ethnic mix was 98.2% white (White British, White Irish, or White Other), 0.4% Asian, 0.2% Black, Caribbean and 0.2% other. Below is a table outlining population change of the parish since 1911. Transport. The main road transport route through Thurgoland is the A629. The closest motorway route is the M1 motorway, which passes to the east of the village. Stagecoach Yorkshire operates bus routes through the village, linking it to Barnsley, Penistone, and Sheffield, as well  as the surrounding villages. The closest mainline railway stations are at Penistone and Silkstone Common.