Industri Kereta Api
PT Industri Kereta Api (Persero), abbreviated as INKA, is a state owned rolling stock manufacturer. Profile. INKA Ltd was established in 1981 to serve as the national rail locomotive and rolling stock manufacturer for the Indonesian Railway Company (PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero)) in its revenue lines in the islands of Java and Sumatra. Its first Madiun Locomotive Plant was converted from a former PJKA steam locomotive overhaul facility. Under Suharto's presidency INKA was initiated as part of the national strategic industry, as the basis of a national rail production industry. As such, INKA focused on  dominating the domestic market and to win competition in the ASEAN region and developing countries. INKA has produced or refurbished every batch of KAI's passenger cars, excluding multiple units, since 1985. Its production of multiple units began in 1987 when it assembles Rheostatik EMUs from Japan. Since then, INKA utilises lightweight stainless steel car bodies and modern AC traction control with VVVF inverters (formerly GTO, now IGBT) for EMU production. INKA started producing diesel multiple units in 2007 with orders from Ministry of Transportation for regional and commuter trains. INKA has supplied various freight wagons to KAI, most notably  the coal transport wagons supporting coal mining industry in Ombilin (West Sumatra) and South Sumatra. In 2019 PT INKA (Persero) cooperated with PT Len Industri (Persero), PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) and PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) to collaborate on business development by forming a consortium of Indonesian Railways Development Incorporated for Africa (IRDIA), targeting African countries. In addition, INKA Ltd has, together with KAI, established cooperation with Swiss rolling stock manufacture, Stadler Rail established a joint venture to build a rolling stock factory in Banyuwangi, East Java. This cooperation was intended to assist Indonesian government in developing Indonesian transportation system . Products. Railway rolling stocks. INKA has been producing locomotives, trainsets, railcars and multiple units, some of which are made in cooperation with other companies. Some products have been exported to foreign countries. Some INKA rolling stock projects: Automotive industry. In 2008, INKA proposed GEA (short for "Gulirkan Energi Alternatif") as a national car. A prototype was created in 2008. In 2009, GEA began using the machinery developed by BPPT, "Rusnas", after previously using Chinese machinery. Carburetors are the only imported component in the 2009 prototype. PT Inka also supplied compressed natural gas-powered (CNG) buses for TransJakarta, mainly known as  the name brand Inobus (abbreviated as Innovation Bus). Currently, there are three known product variants: 39 units were operated in total, with 21 units operated by Perum DAMRI from 2011 to 2018 and 18 units operated by PT. Bianglala Metropolitan from 2013 to 2016. The main difference between the two is DAMRI operated units used Songz Air Conditioning whilst Bianglala operated units used Denso Air Conditioning. In 2011, INKA produced Kancil, a 404 cc vehicle planned to replace auto rickshaws. However, he could not develop in his market, because of the existing regulations at that time. That is, it can  only replace the existing auto rickshaws.