Rosenbaum House
The Rosenbaum House is a single-family house designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright and built for Stanley and Mildred Rosenbaum in Florence, Alabama. A noted example of his Usonian house concept, it is the only Wright building in Alabama, and is one of only 26 pre-World War II Usonian houses. Wright scholar John Sergeant called it "the purest example of the Usonian." History. In 1938 Stanley Rosenbaum (a professor at Florence State Teachers' College) and his new wife Mildred were given a building lot in Florence, Alabama and funds to build a house on it by  Rosenbaum's parents. Both newlyweds had read Frank Lloyd Wright's autobiography and a cover story on Wright in "Time" magazine. Though Wright intended his "Usonian" style homes to be low-cost housing for middle class American families, building of the home's first phase ultimately cost $14,000, nearly double the wealthy couple's original $7,500 budget; the flat roof leaked almost immediately, the heating system failed, and the custom furniture built on-site for the home was rarely used by the Rosenbaum family. The Rosenbaums took up residence in September 1940 and the first photographs of the  house were exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City the following month. This house was also the childhood home of notable American film critic Jonathan Rosenbaum. Restoration. The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. It remained in the Rosenbaum family until 1999 (when Mildred Rosenbaum moved into a nursing home), longer than any of Wright's other Usonian clients. By this time the house was in poor repair, with extensive water penetration and termite damage. The Rosenbaum family donated the house to the City of Florence and at the same  time sold the furniture and contents of the house to the city for $75,000. The city spent a further $600,000 on repairs, using original plans sent by the archives of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation at Taliesin West. The Wright Archive is currently the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation Archives at the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library of Columbia University in New York City. The city opened the house as a public museum, the Frank Lloyd Wright Rosenbaum House, in 2002. The museum displays some of the original Wright designed furniture, and won the 2004 Wright Spirit Award  in the Public Domain from the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy. Mildred Rosenbaum was the first recipient of the Wright Spirit Award for her tireless efforts through the Frank Lloyd Wright Rosenbaum House Foundation. In her last five years in residence, which ended in 1998, nearly 5,000 visitors received personal tours conducted by Mrs. Rosenbaum, who died in 2006. Architecture. The Rosenbaum House was the first of dozens of Wright's Usonian houses based on the 1936 Usonian prototype Jacobs House in Madison, Wisconsin. The house was built on a plot at 117 Riverview Drive (now 601 Riverview, after renumbering ), on the north bank of the Tennessee River. Built in an L-shape, the house is made from natural materials, largely cypress wood and brick, and features multilevel low-rising steel-cantilevered roofs covering both the living spaces and an adjoining carport. A distinctive feature of the house is its glass; "USA Today" described it as "blurring the distinction between indoors and outdoors." Most of the rooms have their own door to the outside. The center of the house is the "service core", built around a large stone hearth and adjacent to a 100 square foot (9.3 m) study. The  original Usonian floorplan provided 1,540 square feet (143 m) of living space, but when the Rosenbaums had their fourth child they asked Wright to design an extension to the now cramped house. His modifications, completed in 1948, added a further 1,084 square feet (100 m) in a second L-shape. Recognition. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places individually, and also as a contributing building in the McFarland Heights historic district.