Commuter (Iarnród Éireann)
Commuter () is a brand of suburban rail services operated by Iarnród Éireann in the Republic of Ireland, serving the cities of Dublin, Cork, Limerick and Galway. This brand is distinct from the longer distance InterCity brand, and Dublin's higher frequency DART brand. Most Commuter services share a track with InterCity services. During the first decade of the new millennium, Iarnród Éireann put a significant amount of effort into upgrading its network, with new tracks, signalling, station upgrades and trains. Commuter services are operated by diesel multiple unit train sets. History. Arrow. The brand was introduced on  16 May 1994 as 'Arrow', the first specific branding for diesel suburban services, with the launch of the Arrow brand on the newly opened Kildare line. This brand was applied to stations on the line, as well as the 2600 Class railcars. It was also applied to the 2700 Class and 2800 Class railcars upon their introduction (however in the case of the latter, it was removed shortly after their introduction into service and replaced with the National Development Plan logo). Thus the Arrow brand became the first major branding for suburban railway services in Dublin (officially, its use remained  limited to the Kildare line, but Arrow branded or liveried trains were used on most suburban services). Commuter. On 30 June 2003, the Arrow brand was renamed 'Commuter', upon the introduction of the 29000 Class railcars and was also extended to the entire suburban railcar fleet. It was also used in some signage and advertising, giving the diesel commuter networks a consistent look for the first time. The Dublin railway system is now called "DART/Commuter" in line with the new brand, with the former Arrow brand having been completely phased out by 2007. Rolling stock. In March 2007, IÉ  placed an order for five additional 6-car 22000 Class DMU sets, totalling €79 million, to be added to its initial order of 150 cars. These additional trains are currently used on the outer Dublin suburban network to destinations including Portlaoise, Carlow and Athlone. A further order for an additional 51 cars, formed into 17 three-car units and totalling €140 million, was made in March 2009, for use to other suburban destinations, including Dundalk, Portlaoise, Longford and M3 Parkway. In July 2007, IÉ announced that it was in the process of placing orders for a further 400  carriages. The bulk of these (up to 250 cars) was intended as EMUs to expand DART services. This project was cancelled in 2009. The remainder, totaling up to 150 cars, consisted of DMU sets for the expansion of Commuter services in Cork and Limerick, as well as the long-distance Commuter sets for services in Leinster. These sets were introduced into revenue service from 2009 until April 2012, when the final deliveries took place. Rebranding. In 2010, 2600, 2700, and 2750 Classes began to be re-liveried from Commuter to a grey and green colour scheme with no reference to  the Commuter brand. Instead, an Irish Rail logo referencing the then booking website was displayed on the side of the trains. In 2012, the 2800 Class was re-branded leaving only the 29000 Class in the Commuter livery. Then in 2014, the 29000 Class received a new all-over two-tone dark green livery. Since March 2013 the new bilingual logo has been introduced across the company's rolling stock, including the Commuter service. This is designed to eliminate customer confusion between the two names "Iarnród Éireann" and "Irish Rail" and create a more unified image. Services. Dublin. There are  four commuter services serving Dublin along with the DART. Cork. There are three suburban rail lines servicing the Greater Cork area, which comprise the Cork suburban network. Limerick. The Limerick commuter rail network consists of three suburban rail lines which comprise the Limerick suburban network. Galway. The Galway commuter rail network consists of one suburban rail service which comprises the Galway suburban network. Other. Other services operate between Mallow and Tralee, and Manulla Junction and Ballina. In addition, some InterCity services operate using Commuter branded DMUs – these include Dublin–Sligo and Dublin–Rosslare Europort services. Rolling stock. Commuter services are  operated primarily using DMU "railcars,” with four separate classes operating on most routes: Operation. All of the DMU types can operate either independently or can be attached to another set of their own class or of another class to form trains of up to ten cars. In addition to the DMUs, locomotive-hauled coaches supplemented services. The introduction of the 22000 Class units on InterCity services allowed the 2800 Class and 29000 Class units to be cascaded to Commuter services, which allowed the locomotive hauled stock to be fully phased out by 2009. Eventually, since all 63 22000 Class railcars  were delivered in 2012, they operate all InterCity and some Commuter services in Dublin, excluding the Dublin-Cork route and the Dublin-Belfast route. Future. Irish Rail is due to undertake a major expansion of its Commuter services from 2020. Rolling Stock. Over 600 new bi-mode and electric coaches are due to arrive starting from late 2023, as stated in the Invitation to Tender issued in May 2019. Infrastructure. Under this plan, several commuter lines will be refurbished and re-opened - plans include: Feasibility studies have also been made into the possibility of creating airport links to several airports ; a link to Ireland West Airport Knock is a long term aim of the Western Rail Corridor project while a feasibility study into a link to Shannon Airport from Limerick was commissioned by Iarnród Éireann in 2006. Other proposals. There have been calls by outside groups for other railway refurbishments to enhance commuter services: