Natalism
Natalism (also called pronatalism or the pro-birth position) is a belief that promotes the reproduction of human life. The term comes from the Latin adjective for "birth", "nātālis". Natalism promotes child-bearing and parenthood as desirable for social reasons and to ensure the continuance of humanity. Natalism in public policy typically seeks to create financial and social incentives for populations to reproduce, such as providing tax incentives that reward having and supporting children. Those who adhere to more strict interpretations of natalism may seek to limit access to abortion and contraception, as well. The opposite of natalism is  antinatalism. Motives. Religion. Many religions encourage procreation and religiousness in members is tied to higher fertility rates. Judaism, Islam, and major branches of Christianity, including The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the Catholic Church encourage procreation. The Amish are among the fastest-growing populations in the world, with an average of 6.8 children per family. A movement among conservative Protestants known as the Quiverfull movement, advocates for large families and views children as blessings from God. Other populations. The !Kung San people in southern Africa do not practice birth control. Intention to have children. An intention  to have children is a substantial fertility factor in actually ending up doing so, but childless individuals who intend to have children immediately or within 2 or 3 years are generally more likely to succeed than those who intend to have children in the long term. There are many determinants of the intention to have children, including: Natalistic politics. Some countries with population decline offer incentives to the people to have large families as a means of national efforts to reverse declining populations. Incentives may include a one-time baby bonus, or ongoing child benefit payments or tax reductions. Some  impose penalties or taxes on those with fewer children. Some nations, such as Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan, have implemented, or tried to implement, interventionist natalist policies, creating incentives for larger families among native stock. Immigrants are generally not part of natalist policies. Paid maternity and paternity leave policies can also be used as an incentive. For example, Sweden has generous parental leave wherein parents are entitled to share 16 months' paid leave per child, the cost divided between both employer and State. Books advocating natalist policies include "What to Expect When No One's Expecting" by Jonathan V.  Last. Russia. Vladimir Putin's government is also using natalist policies by giving rewards and promoting more children in families. Hungary. The Hungarian government of Viktor Orbán in 2019, announced pecuniary incentives (including eliminating taxes for mothers with more than three children, and reducing credit payments and easier access to loans), and expanding day care and kindergarten access.