Royal Anglian Regiment
The Royal Anglian Regiment (R ANGLIAN) is an infantry regiment of the British Army. It consists of two Regular battalions and one Reserve battalion. The modern regiment was formed in 1964, making it the oldest of the Line Regiments now operating in the British Army, and can trace its history back to 1685. The regiment was the first of the large infantry regiments and is one of the three regiments of the Queen's Division. History. Formation. The regiment was formed on 1 September 1964 as the first of the new large infantry regiments, through the amalgamation  of the four regiments of the East Anglian Brigade: The Royal Anglian Regiment was established to serve as the county regiment for the following counties: Initially formed of seven battalions (four regular and three Territorial Army), the regiment was reduced in 1975 with the loss of the 4th (Leicestershire) Battalion to three regular battalions and three TA. The regiment was reduced again in 1992 to two regular and two TA battalions with the loss of the 3rd (16th/44th Foot) and 5th Battalions. Early operational history. Northern Ireland. The regiment carried out tours-of-duty throughout "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland  and was present on 'Bloody Sunday' in Derry in 1972, when 14 unarmed civilians were killed. Yugoslav Wars. During the Yugoslav Wars, the 2nd Battalion was deployed to Bosnia in April 1994 as part of the United Nations peacekeeping force UNPROFOR. During the tour, Corporal Andrew Rainey became one of the first ever non-officers to win the Military Cross, for his actions during a heavy contact between 3 Platoon, A Company and a Bosnian Serb Army unit on the confrontation line in the north of the Maglaj Finger. Croatia. In 1995 the 1st Battalion was sent to Croatia as  part of 24 Airmobile Brigade between July and October of that year. The Vikings returned to the UK having suffered no casualties. Sierra Leone. Shortly after British forces intervened in Sierra Leone during its civil war, the 2nd Battalion briefly joined the IMATT force in June 2000 to help train the Sierra Leonean armed forces. Recent operational history. Afghanistan. In March 2002, 1st Battalion was sent to Afghanistan, where it was based in the capital Kabul as part of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). The following February, 2nd Battalion's A Company was posted to Kabul. They were replaced  by C Company in June. In 2005, 1st Battalion undertook a tour in Iraq as part of Operation Telic 6 where the battle group was responsible for the Basra Rural South area of operations. C (Essex) Company was detached to act as a Brigade Operations Company and was involved in several high-profile arrest operations. The remaining Territorial battalion of the regiment, the East of England Regiment was re-designated on 1 April 2006 as the 3rd Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment as part of the reforms. From March to September 2007, as part of 12th Mechanised Brigade, 1st Battalion was  deployed to Afghanistan as part of Operation Herrick 6. This deployment was the subject of the Sky One documentary "Ross Kemp in Afghanistan", broadcast in January/February 2008. A book has also been written by a former commanding officer about the battalion on this tour, "Attack State Red", published by Penguin. They were stationed in Helmand Province. The fighting attracted much media attention due to the ferocity of the combat, with soldiers often having to resort to using bayonets. The battalion suffered nine casualties during its tour, five from attacks and four accidental. In a reported friendly fire incident, on  23 August 2007, one of a pair United States Air Force F-15E fighter aircraft called in to support a patrol of the 1st Battalion in Afghanistan dropped a bomb on the same patrol, killing three men, and severely injured two others. It was later revealed that the British forward air controller who called in the strike had not been issued a noise-cancelling headset, and in the confusion and stress of the battle incorrectly confirmed one wrong digit of the co-ordinates mistakenly repeated by the pilot, and the bomb landed on the British position 1,000 metres away from the  enemy. The coroner at the soldiers' inquest stated that the incident was due to "flawed application of procedures" rather than individual errors or "recklessness". Elements of 3rd Battalion deployed to Afghanistan as part of 11 Light Brigade in October 2009 as part of Operation Herrick 11. Soldiers from 1st Battalion also saw action guarding checkpoints in the Nad-e-Ali area, in central Helmand province later in the year. 1st Battalion and elements of 3rd Battalion also deployed to Afghanistan as part of 12th Mechanised Brigade in March 2012 as part of Operation Herrick 16 in the closing stages of  the conflict. Iraq. In Spring 2006, 2nd Battalion deployed to Iraq as part of Op Telic 8 and formed Basra City South Battlegroup. C (Northamptonshire) company was detached to operate as part of Force Reserve and was involved in many high-profile arrest and strike operations. During the tour the regiment mourned the loss of two soldiers; on 13 May 2006 Privates Joseva Lewaicei and Adam Morris died as a result of injuries sustained from a roadside bomb attack in Basra. A third soldier was badly injured. In Autumn 2017 the 2nd Battalion Royal Anglian Regiment deployed to Cyprus. It  returned to Kendrew Barracks in August 2019. Recent history. On 9 October 2019, 100 men from C and D companies marched through Haverhill and received the freedom of the town. The battalion was led by their commanding officer Lieutenant Colonel Phillip Moxey MBE. In 2020 during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, members of the regiment helped assist the NHS for testing of COVID-19 patients, and provided checkpoints throughout London in collaboration with the Grenadier Guards. 1 Royal Anglian also helped build NHS Nightingale London, a temporary critical care hospital. Regimental museum. The Royal Anglian Regiment Museum is based at Duxford in  Cambridgeshire. Regimental ethos. The regimental ethos is as follows: Structure. In 1995, each battalion renamed its companies in order to perpetuate its lineage from the old county regiments. The current structure is as follows: 1st Battalion, The Royal Anglian Regiment 'The Vikings' The 1st Battalion operates in the light infantry role under 7th Infantry Brigade and is based at Woolwich. The battalion is due to deploy to Alexander Barracks, Dhekelia in Cyprus in September 2021, where they will swap with the 1st Battalion, Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment. 2nd Battalion, The Royal Anglian Regiment 'The Poachers' The 2nd Battalion  operates in the light infantry role and is currently based at Kendrew Barracks. 3rd Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment "The Steelbacks" The 3rd Battalion operates in the light infantry role under 7th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters East and is based at Bury St Edmunds. Both the 1st Battalion and 2nd Battalion rotate as resident units in British Forces Cyprus. Battalion nicknames. The battalion nicknames are as follows: The Vikings – 1st Battalion The nickname stems from the late 1960s when the Commanding Officer of the 1st Battalion, The 1st East Anglian Regiment Lt Col A F Campbell, MC said it described the  Nordic influence on the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk. The nickname stuck, was adopted by the 1st Battalion on formation, and is still widely used today. The Poachers – 2nd Battalion This stems from the Regimental March, "The Lincolnshire Poacher", of one of their predecessors, the Royal Lincolnshire Regiment. The Steelbacks – 3rd Battalion This was the nickname of the 58th Regiment of Foot, later the 2nd Battalion the Northamptonshire Regiment. It was subsequently the nickname of the former 5th (Volunteer) Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment. It stems from Private Hovenden of the 58th being described as a 'Steelback' after a flogging in  1813. Traditions. Marches. The regimental marches are as follows: Regimental days. The regimental days are as follows: The Regiment The 1st Battalion The 2nd Battalion Celebrated by the individual battalions (in date order) Uniform. Uniforms are as follows: Band. The first trace of a band within the Northamptonshire Regiment was recorded in 1798, during which a "German bandmaster was engaged". Military bands have continued in this regiment over the years after Territorial Army battalions of the former regiments were affiliated were merged. In 1986, the first women were recruited into the band from the Women's Royal Army Corps. In  1996, the 5th Battalion of the Royal Anglian Regiment was reorganized with the regimental Council electing to keep the band, under the name of the Band of the Royal Anglian regiment following the amalgamation of the Regular Royal Anglian bands into the Bands of the Queen's Division. Alliances. The regiment's alliances are as follows: The Royal Bermuda Regiment. The Royal Anglian Regiment has a unique relationship with the Royal Bermuda Regiment (RBR), a Territorial battalion of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda. Although the Royal Bermuda Regiment is usually described as an affiliated regiment, its relationship to the  Regiment is more akin to that of one of Royal Anglian's own TA battalions. The Royal Bermuda Regiment is an amalgamation of the old Bermuda Militia Artillery and Bermuda Volunteer Rifle Corps (BVRC, which had been renamed the "Bermuda Rifles"). The 2nd Battalion of the Lincolnshire Regiment, one of Royal Anglian Regiment's predecessors, was serving in the Bermuda Garrison when the First World War began in 1914 and its Commanding Officer, Lieutenant-Colonel George Bunbury McAndrew, found himself acting Governor and Commander-In-Chief of Bermuda, in the absence of the Governor Lieutenant-General Sir George Bullock, and  oversaw the colony's placement onto a war footing. The battalion left Bermuda for France in October, 1914. The BVRC formed an overseas contingent, composed of Captain Richard Tucker and 88 other ranks, in December, which was intended to join the 2nd Battalion of the Lincolnshire Regiment on the Western Front, but which was instead attached to the 1 Battalion of the Lincolnshire Regiment in June, 1915, as it had greater need for reinforcements. A second BVRC contingent, of one officer and 36 other ranks, arrived from Bermuda the following year and merged with the dozen survivors of the first  contingent. The BVRC contingent served with 1 Lincolns in France, Belgium and Ireland until 1919. The affiliation of the Lincolns and the BVRC was made official after the War, with the Lincolns adopting the same role it fulfilled to its own TA battalions: providing seconded Permanent Staff Instructors and officers. The BVRC sent two more drafts to the Lincolns during the Second World War (in 1940 and 1944). When the BVRC was amalgamated into the Bermuda Regiment in 1965 (the Royal Bermuda Regiment from 2015), the Royal Anglian Regiment, as successor to the Royal Lincolns, continued the paternal relationship. In  addition to providing a PSI to each of the Royal Bermuda Regiment's rifle companies, many other Royal Anglian Regiment personnel have been seconded or loaned to the Royal Bermuda Regiment over the years. The staff officer is normally seconded from the Royal Anglians. The Bermuda Regiment's first nine adjutants (from 1965 to 1984) were all Royal Anglian officers. Three of its past regimental sergeant majors were seconded from the Royal Anglian Regiment. In 1992, the Royal Bermuda Regiment had two serving lieutenant-colonels, as its staff officer, a Royal Anglian major, was promoted to the same rank as  its commanding officer (CO). In 1996, the Royal Bermuda Regiment's second-in-command, staff officer, and adjutant were all on secondment from the Royal Anglians. Additionally, senior NCOs are loaned to the Royal Bermuda Regiment for the duration of its annual recruit camps, with one attached to each platoon of its training company. Popular culture. In 1989, the Band and fifty members of the old 3rd Battalion were featured in the opening and closing sequences of BBC historical sitcom "Blackadder Goes Forth" with the band, men and actors Rowan Atkinson, Hugh Laurie, Stephen Fry, Tony Robinson and Tim McInnerny  dressed in World War I period uniforms marching to "The British Grenadiers" and the "Blackadder" theme song. It was shot on location at the former Colchester Cavalry Barracks.