Tattoo You
Tattoo You is the 16th British and 18th American studio album by the English rock band the Rolling Stones, released on 24 August 1981 by Rolling Stones Records. The album is mostly composed of studio outtakes recorded during the 1970s, and contains one of the band's most well-known songs, "Start Me Up", which hit number two on the US "Billboard" singles charts. A combination of touring obligations and personal feuding between band members made it difficult to arrange dedicated recording sessions for the band's follow-up to 1980's "Emotional Rescue". As a result, the  band's production team combed through unused recordings from prior sessions, some dating back almost a decade. While a few of the songs were used essentially as-is in their original form, most of these earlier recordings were not complete, consisting of song fragments requiring much work. Studio time was booked throughout 1980 and 1981 and band members came in when available to finish off the tracks. The credited members of the Rolling Stones for the album were vocalist Mick Jagger, guitarists Keith Richards and Ronnie Wood, bassist Bill Wyman and drummer Charlie Watts, though two tracks feature former Stones  guitarist Mick Taylor. Keyboardists Nicky Hopkins, Billy Preston and Ian Stewart also appear on the album. The album proved to be both a critical and commercial success upon release, reaching the top of the US "Billboard" 200. To date, it is the final Rolling Stones album to reach the top position of the US charts, thus concluding the band's string of eight consecutive number-one albums there, dating back to 1971's "Sticky Fingers". In 1989, it was ranked No. 34 on "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of the 100 greatest albums of the 1980s. In 2003, the album  was ranked number 211 on "Rolling Stone"'s list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, then re-ranked number 213 in the 2012 revised list. Peter Corriston, who was responsible for the album cover's concept origination, art direction and design, won a Grammy Award in the category of Best Album Package. A remastered 40th-anniversary edition of the album was released on 22 October 2021. It features nine previously unreleased tracks and a 1982 concert at Wembley Stadium. Background. "Tattoo You" is an album primarily composed of outtakes from previous recording sessions, some dating back a decade , with new vocals and overdubs. Along with two new songs, the Rolling Stones put together this collection to have a new album to promote for their worldwide American Tour 1981/European Tour 1982 beginning that September. Keith Richards commented in 1993: "The thing with "Tattoo You" wasn't that we'd stopped writing new stuff, it was a question of time. We'd agreed we were going to go out on the road and we wanted to tour behind a record. There was no time to make a whole new album and make the start of the tour." Recording. The  album's associate producer, Chris Kimsey, who had been associated with The Stones dating back to "Sticky Fingers" (1971) said, ""Tattoo You" really came about because Mick [Jagger] and Keith were going through a period of not getting on. There was a need to have an album out, and I told everyone I could make an album from what I knew was still there." He began sifting through the band's vaults: "I spent three months going through (the recording tapes from) like the last four, five albums finding stuff that had been either forgotten about or at the time  rejected. And then I presented it to the band and I said, 'Hey, look guys, you've got all this great stuff sitting in the can and it's great material, do something with it." Many of the songs consisted at this point of instrumental backing tracks for which vocals had not been recorded. Jagger said in a 1995 interview, "It wasn't all outtakes; some of it was old songs... I had to write lyrics and melodies. A lot of them didn't have anything, which is why they weren't used at the time – because they weren't  complete. They were just bits, or they were from early takes". Despite the eclectic nature of the album, the Rolling Stones were able to divide "Tattoo You" into two distinct halves: a rock and roll side backed with one focusing on ballads. The earliest songs used for "Tattoo You" are "Tops" and "Waiting on a Friend". The backing tracks for both songs were cut in late 1972 during the "Goats Head Soup" (1973) sessions with Mick Taylor and not Ronnie Wood. Taylor, who was not credited, later demanded and received a share of the album's royalties. Dating from the  Black and Blue sessions are the backing tracks for "Slave" and "Worried About You". They feature Billy Preston on keyboards and Ollie E. Brown on percussion. Wayne Perkins plays the lead guitar on "Worried About You". The album opens with "Start Me Up", originally rehearsed under the working title "Never Stop" and as a reggae-influenced number in 1978 during the "Some Girls" sessions, and the balance of it was recorded during these particular sessions in Paris (at Pathé Marconi studios) sessions where the more rock-infused track was recorded. "Black Limousine" was also worked on during these sessions . The  basic tracks for "No Use in Crying", "Neighbours", "Heaven" and "Little T&A" came from the "Emotional Rescue" sessions. "Hang Fire" was worked on in both the "Some Girls" and "Emotional Rescue" sessions. The vocal parts for the songs on "Tattoo You" were overdubbed during sessions in October–November 1980 and April–June 1981. Jagger was the only member of the band present at some of these sessions. Other overdubs, such as Sonny Rollins' saxophone parts on "Slave" and "Waiting on a Friend", were also added at these sessions. The album was mixed at Atlantic Studios, Electric Lady Studios, Hit Factory  and Power Station in New York City. Release and aftermath. "Start Me Up" was released in August 1981, just a week before "Tattoo You", to a very strong response, reaching the top 10 in both the United States and UK, and number 1 in Australia. Widely considered one of the Stones' most infectious songs, it was enough to carry "Tattoo You" to No. 1 for nine weeks in the United States, while reaching No. 2 in the UK with solid sales. It has been certified 4× platinum in the United States alone. The critical reaction was positive, many feeling that  Tattoo You was an improvement over "Emotional Rescue" and a high-quality release. "Waiting on a Friend" and "Hang Fire" became Top 20 US hits as well. "Start Me Up" would prove to be The Rolling Stones' last single to reach as high as No. 2 in the US, while "Tattoo You" is their last American No. 1 album to date. The album title was originally planned to be simply "Tattoo". Jagger claims to this day that even he has no clue how the "You" became attached to the title. The title caused friction between Jagger and Richards, with Richards  suspecting that Jagger had changed the title without seeking his input. The album cover for "Tattoo You" had concept origination, art direction and design by Peter Corriston and illustration by Christian Piper. The album cover won the Grammy Award in 1982 in the Best Album Package category. It was the first Grammy Award for the Rolling Stones. There were several videos directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg for this album including: Critical reception and legacy. Reviews for "Tattoo You" were largely positive, proclaiming the album a return to form and ranking among the Rolling Stones' finest works. Debra Rae Cohen commented  in "Rolling Stone": "Just when we might finally have lost patience, the new record dances (not prances), rocks (not jives) onto the scene, and the Rolling Stones are back again, with a matter-of-fact acceptance of their continued existence – and eventual mortality …" Robert Palmer of "The New York Times" wrote that "remarkably, "Tattoo You" is something special...None of [the tracks] are Chuck Berry retreads, none of them are disco, and none of them are reggae - they are all rock-and-roll, with more than a hint of the soul and blues influences that were so important in the  band's early work...The new album's lyrics are also a surprise. The Stones seem to have dropped the studied decadence that was their most characteristic pose throughout the 70's. The songs on "Tattoo You" seem to be by and about real people rather than larger-than-life caricatures." Robert Christgau gave the album a good review but criticised "Start Me Up" in his Pazz and Jop essay in 1981, saying, "Its central conceit – Mick as sex machine, complete with pushbutton – explains why the album it starts up never transcends hand-tooled excellence except when Sonny Rollins, uncredited , invades the Stones' space. Though it's as good in its way as 'Street Fighting Man', how much you care about it depends entirely on how much you care about the Stones' technical difficulties." Patty Rose, in "Musician", said, "The feel of the album … is more one of rediscovered youth, of axes to play, not grind, of the latest cope, not dope. … The Stones have shed yet another layer of self-consciousness and their shiny vinyl new skin tingles with an open, early-decade kind of excitement." Writing in "Creem", Nick Tosches expressed contempt for what he felt was the  Stones' gratuitous sexism and general negativity in their lyrics. After pointing out examples of what he considered misogyny in "Slave", "Little T+A", "Hang Fire" and even "Waiting on a Friend", he added: "Let it never be said that the Stones have a one-track mean streak. They are capable of singing for minutes on end without spewing venom at the target sex. 'Neighbours', for example, is quite catholic in its grimacing, directed as it is towards the whole family of man, with nary a mention of race, color or creed. 'No Use In Crying' contains the imperative phrase "Stay away  from me," addressed to no one in particular, more times than I could count..." In a 2018 retrospective for "The Guardian", music critic Alexis Petridis ranked "Tattoo You" as the band's thirteenth best album out of 23, stating that it "has no right to be as good as it is." Accolades. In 1989, it was ranked No. 34 on "Rolling Stone"'s list of the 100 greatest albums of the 1980s. In 2003, the album was ranked number 211 on "Rolling Stone"'s list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, then re-ranked number 213 in the  2012 revised list. In 2000 it was voted number 759 in Colin Larkin's "All Time Top 1000 Albums". Peter Corriston, who was responsible for the album cover's concept origination, art direction and design, won a Grammy Award for "Tattoo You" in the category of best album package. Band appraisal. In the 1995 "Rolling Stone" interview during which editor Jann Wenner called "Tattoo You" the Stones' "most underrated album", Jagger said, "I think it's excellent. But all the things I usually like, it doesn’t have. It doesn’t have any unity of purpose or place or time ." Reissues. "Tattoo You" was remastered and reissued in 1994 by Virgin Records, and again in 2009 by Universal Music. It was released on SHM-SACD in 2011 by Universal Music Japan. The 1994 remaster was initially released in a Collector's Edition CD, which replicated in miniature elements of the original vinyl album packaging. The 40th anniversary reissue of "Tattoo You" was released on 22 October 2021, with 9 unreleased tracks and a live album recorded at Wembley Stadium, London in 1982. The track "Living in the Heart of Love" was released on 19 August 2021. Personnel. The Rolling Stones  Additional personnel Technical