Sergeant Madden
Sergeant Madden is a 1939 film noir forerunner directed by Josef von Sternberg and starring Wallace Beery. The supporting cast in this dark police crime drama, noted for its imaginative and evocative cinematography, includes Tom Brown, Laraine Day, Alan Curtis, and Marc Lawrence. Background. In the winter of 1937, Josef von Sternberg was in Vienna assembling the cast for the film version of Émile Zola’s Germinal, with Hilde Krahl tapped to play Catherine and Jean-Louis Barrault as Etienne. The Austrian financed project collapsed when Germany invaded the nation in March 1938. Sternberg, ill in London at  the time, returned to his California residence to convalesce for several months. In October 1938, Sternberg returned to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer under a single-movie contract to direct actress Hedy Lamarr in "New York Cinderella" (later entitled "I Take This Woman"). The filming required so many revisions that it was known on set as "I Re-take this Woman". Unhappy with his lack of control over the direction, Sternberg quit the production after a week: the film was completed by director Willard Van Dyke and released in February 1940. Production. Sternberg would fulfill his movie contract for Metro with a  crime drama, "Sergeant Madden", with character actor Wallace Berry, a box-office favorite, in the lead role of New York City Patrolman Shawn Madden. The film was already in production when Sternberg arrived on the set. The "Sergeant Madden" screenplay, based on a story by William A. Ullman entitled “A Gun in His Hand” was an “over-plotted potboiler paying sentimental tribute to ‘the cop on the beat’...” Wallace Berry, a “Metro institution”, provided a reliable source of revenue for the corporation, despite his “tiresome screen performance.” When Sternberg attempted to elicit a more disciplined approach from Berry, the studio  hierarchy instructed the director to cease his overly “demanding rehearsals.” Despite the Metro's interference “Berry’s performance in "Sergeant Madden" is one of the least maudlin in his gallery of indistinguishable character roles” and “unusually controlled and believable” is attributable to Sternberg's influence. The film was released on March 24, 1939 and “did quite well.” Critical response. Film critic Tom Supten writing for Bright Lights Film Journal argues that as a Wallace Berry vehicle, guided by the market-driven contingencies of MGM - compounded by the director's “sheer indifference” – produced “the worst film [that Sternberg] would ever put  his name to.” Elements of the film - most prominently the theme of the “troubled cop” - foreshadowed the Film Noir of the post-WWI era. Film Historian Andrew Sarris points to “Sternberg’s distinctive framing and filters which give the movie a UFA look... one can almost see the ghost of Jannings in Berry’s unusually restrained performance.” Theme. Andrew Sarris writes that “"Sergeant Madden" is of more sociological than aesthetic interest despite Sternberg’s visually striking direction.” The story concerns "a natural [biological] son" who goes bad, and ultimately atones for his sins: "the notion of a blood son being  morally inferior to an adopted son is another movie cliché.” The moral of the tale is simply that "society transcends family" in the larger public interest.