Kohima district
Kohima District (pron:/ˈkəʊhɪˌmɑː or kəʊˈhiːmə/) is a district of Nagaland state in India. It is the home of the Angami Nagas. As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Nagaland (out of 12), after Dimapur with a population of 267,988, 45% of which is urban. It is home to 13.55% of Nagaland's entire population. The district headquarters is at Kohima City. Kohima District is also the seventh-largest district in Nagaland with an area of . History. Prior to India's independence, the area was part of Naga Hills District, with Kohima as the district  headquarters. Kohima District was created as one of the three districts of the newly inaugurated of Nagaland state on 1 December 1961. In 1973 the new districts of Phek and Wokha were created out of Kohima District, as in 1997 Dimapur District was similarly carved out. Peren District was carved out in 2003. The 2021 creation of Tseminyü District left Kohima District in its current form. Geography. Kohima District has a hilly landscape - Kohima Urban Area, typical of the area, is stretched along the top of a mountain. The district is bounded by Tseminyü District to the north, Zünheboto District  to the northeast, Phek District to the east, Senapati District of Manipur to the south, Peren to southwest and Chümoukedima District to the west. It is headquartered at Kohima, which is at an altitude of above sea level. Mount Japfü at elevation of , the highest peak in the district is located in the Southern Angami Region of the district. Flora and fauna. In 1980, Kohima District became home to the Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of . It is a natural habitat for Blyth’s Tragopan. Administration. Kohima District is administered by a deputy commissioner, who has a  number of additional deputy commissioners and sub-division officers (SDOs) with responsibilities for each of the administrative circles. There exists also a District Urban Development Agency for Kohima. The current Deputy Commissioner of Kohima district is Gregory Thejawelie. Kohima District is subdivided into the five administrative circles of Chiephobozou, Botsa, Kezocha, Jakhama, Kohima Sadar and Sechü–Zubza. These administrative circles are grouped into three Rural Development Blocks, which are Kohima (for Kohima Sadar and Sechü–Zubza), Chiephobozou (for Chiephobozou, Botsa and some of Kezocha) and Jakhama (for Jakhama and the rest of Kezocha). Demographics. According to the 2011 census of  India Kohima District has a population of 267,988, of which 121,088 or 45% lived in urban areas. This gives it a ranking of 576th in India (out of a total of 640). Kohima district has a sex ratio of 928 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 85%. The main indigenous inhabitants of Kohima District are the Angami Nagas. Religion. Christianity is the largest religion in the district, followed by 87% of the people. Hinduism is the second-largest religion with 9.51% adherents. Islam and Buddhism form 1.64% and 0.57% of the population respectively. Languages. The following  languages are spoken in Kohima District: Towns and villages. Kohima Sadar circle comprises two towns: Jakhama circle comprises ten towns and villages : Chiephobozou circle comprises eighteen villages : Sechü–Zubza circle comprises sixteen villages : Kezocha circle comprises ten villages : Botsa circle comprises ten villages : Government and Politics. The district has seven vidhan sabha constituences, namely, Western Angami, Northern Angami-I, Northern Angami II, Kohima Town, Southern Angami-I and Southern Angami-II. The last elections were held in 2018. The next legislative assembly election will be held in 2023. As part of the Lok Sabha, Kohima District is part of the  Nagaland Lok Sabha constituency. In the 2019 Indian general election, Tokheho Yepthomi of the NDPP won by 16,000 votes over his rival K.L. Chishi of the Indian National Congress. The next general election is in 2024. Economy. Agriculture. Agriculture forms the major economic activity in the district. Most of the agriculturists in the district practice Shifting cultivation or "Jhum" cultivation. The main crop in the district is Paddy. Maize is another cereal produced in the district. Other major crops grown in the district are Potatoes, Ginger, Soybean and Ricebean. Among vegetables and fruits, Pineapples, Oranges, Cabbages, Tomatoes, Papayas, etc. are  grown throughout the district. Animal husbandry. Animal husbandry acts as a supplementary income for the people in Kohima district. The sector also provides employment to small and marginal farmers. As per the Livestock Census in 2007, the most prevalent type of livestock in the district are Fowls, Cattles and Pigs. Industry. There are no large industries in the district. However, there are numerous Small and medium-sized enterprises. The number of MSMEs registered in the district till 2009-10 numbered to 52 which employed around 571 persons. The Angami Nagas in the district are skilled artisans and craftsmen. Education. As  per the 2011 Census of India, Kohima District as a literacy rate of 85.23%. Literacy among the Scheduled Tribes stands at 83.86% with male literacy at 79.6% and female literacy at 88.45%. There are numerous colleges in the district. Sports. Football. Kohima District is home to Kohima Komets, a professional football club that plays in the Nagaland Premier League. The Indira Gandhi Stadium, Kohima is a multipurpose stadium mainly used for football. It has an artificial turf. Wrestling. Kene or Naga Wrestling is the most popular traditional sport in the region. The Naga Wrestling Championship held biennially at the Khuochiezhie  Local Ground in Kohima. Tourism. Kohima District has various tourist places to visit. Below are few of the tourist attractions in the district: Transportation. Air. The nearest airport is Dimapur Airport, located 65 kilometres from the district headquarters Kohima. There are several helipads in Kohima District. Kohima Chiethu Airport is a planned airport to be built in Kohima. The Ministry of Defence gave the No-Objection Certificate (NOC) to construct the civil airport. It will be the second airport in Nagaland after Dimapur Airport. Rail. The nearest railway stations are the Chümoukedima Shokhuvi Railway Station and Dimapur Railway Station. The  Dhansiri–Zubza line is an under-construction railway line which will connect Kohima with Dimapur via railways. The Kohima Zubza railway station in Zubza, 17 kilometres from Kohima City is currently under-construction. The Government of India has set 2023 as the deadline to connect all Northeastern state capitals with railways. Road. The district is well-connected with roads and highways. The NH 2 and NH 29 pass through the district alongside other intra-district roads. Nagaland State Transport buses are available from Dimapur for Kohima. Private taxis can be availed as well.