St. Paul (oratorio)
St. Paul (in German Paulus), Op. 36, is an oratorio by Felix Mendelssohn. The composer oversaw versions and performances in both German and English within months of completing the music in early 1836. Background. The libretto "after words of holy scripture" was begun in 1832. The composer with pastor , a childhood friend, pulled together passages from the New Testament, chiefly the Acts of the Apostles, and the Old, as well as the texts of chorales and hymns, in a polyglot manner after Bach's model. Composition of the music started in 1834 and was complete in early  1836. Performances. The work was premiered on 22 May 1836 (having been completed in April of that year) at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival in Düsseldorf. The English premiere was in Liverpool on 3 October 1836 in a translation by Mendelssohn's friend, Karl Klingermann. Contralto Mary Shaw was one of the soloists at the English premiere. The first performance in the United States was in Boston on March 14, 1837. Mendelssohn himself conducted the first performance in Leipzig in the Paulinerkirche on 16 March 1837. Numerous performances followed in Europe and in the United States. During Mendelssohn's lifetime , "St. Paul" was a popular and frequently performed work. Today it is regularly performed in Germany and well disseminated in both of its original languages through an array of complete recordings. Structure. Part One. APPEAL AND DOXOLOGY SCENE ONE — STONING OF STEPHEN SCENE TWO — CONVERSION AND BAPTISM OF SAUL (PAUL) Part Two. SCENE THREE — MISSION OF PAUL AND BARNABAS SCENE FOUR — PERSECUTION OF PAUL BY HIS FORMER FELLOW BELIEVERS SCENE FIVE — FAREWELL OF PAUL FROM EPHESUS SCENE SIX — MARTYRDOM OF PAUL