Scotland Yard (board game)
Scotland Yard is a board game in which a team of players controlling different detectives cooperate to track down a player controlling a criminal as they move around a board representing the streets of London. It was first published in 1983. It is named after Scotland Yard - the headquarters of London's Metropolitan Police Service in real-life. "Scotland Yard" is an asymmetric board game, during which the detective players cooperatively solve a variant of the pursuit–evasion problem. The game is published by Ravensburger in most of Europe and Canada and by Milton Bradley in  the United States. It received the "Spiel des Jahres" (Game of the Year) award in 1983 - the same year that it was published. Gameplay. One player controls 'Mr. X': a criminal whose location is only revealed periodically throughout gameplay. The other players each control a detective, all of which are always present on the board. All players start with a number of tokens ("tickets") which each allow them to use one of the following methods of transport: All players draw one of 29 possible cards, each with a starting location on the back, which the player must move their token  to. Mr. X always draws first and doesn't share where he is starting with the detectives. The locations on the cards are spaced far enough apart to ensure that Mr. X cannot be caught in the first round of play. There are a total of 199 spaces ("stations") on the board. Each detective begins with a total of 23 transport tickets: 11 taxi tickets, 8 bus tickets and 4 Underground tickets. Once each transport token is used by a detective, it is turned over to Mr. X, effectively giving him an unlimited amount of transport tokens. For each  move that Mr. X makes, he writes down his destination. The game comes with a "travel log" and paper inserts to be used with it, on which Mr. X can write this. After making a note of his location, Mr. X covers it with the ticket that he has used to move there, giving the detectives a clue as to his whereabouts. Mr. X also has a supply of black tokens (one per detective in play or always five in the Milton Bradley version) that can be used in place of any other kind of transport ticket but prevents the  type of transport from being visible, and three tokens that allow him to make two moves in a single round. The water routes require a black ticket to use and so when one of these is played the detectives must consider whether or not it is being used to hide a river trip. Mr. X moves first each turn, after which the detectives must move, but they can do so in any order. At five specific times during the game, Mr. X has to reveal his current position. Detectives will take this opportunity to refine their search and, if possible , plan ways to encircle him. After Mr. X has revealed himself, the types of transport that he uses on the next few turns limit the number of possible spaces that Mr. X could be on, providing useful information to the detectives (as well as preventing some types of cheating from the person playing Mr. X). The game is won by the detectives if any of them land on Mr. X's current location or if they block all of Mr. X's possible moves. Mr. X wins by avoiding capture until all detectives can no longer move, due to them  either exhausting their token supplies or finding themselves at a station which they can't move from as they have no more usable tokens. Although the game is designed for 3-6 players, many play this game with only 2. The detectives, when controlled by 1 person, are far more coordinated. When 3-5 people are playing as the detectives, they must work as a team which can be much more difficult, although they can share ideas and plans, allowing them to combine their brainpower. The game contains: There are two mainboard editions, one typically associated with Milton Bradley, and  another typically associated with Ravensburger. The primary difference between these is in the numbering of the stations: five stations are numbered differently, with 108 missing from the Milton Bradley boards and 200 missing from the Ravensburger boards. There are also minor differences in the routes, such as a bus line between stations 198 and 199 that is changed to a taxi line in later editions, and the removal of a taxi line between stations 13 and 14 sometime after the renumbering. Alternative versions. The game has been adapted to take place on maps of different cities. "Scotland Yard Tokyo", also  distributed by Ravensburger, takes place on the streets of Tokyo, with the major difference being game aesthetics. "Scotland Yard: Swiss Edition" uses the same gameplay and is set in Switzerland, with the addition of more boat routes and ski areas available only to Mr. X. "NY Chase" is a version based on New York City. In this version, detectives do not hand their used tokens over, and they have access to roadblocks and a helicopter, tilting the game more in favour of those playing as detectives. A faster travel version called "Die Jagd Nach Mister X" exists that functions quite  differently. In this version, Mr. X's location is only hidden when a black travel token is used, and the game is essentially an open chase around London. Evasion is accomplished with black tokens and using the fastest travel to distant locations. In this version, each player takes turns as Mr. X, and points collected (in the form of the detectives' used travel tokens) determine the overall winner. Alternative rules. Three years after the game's publication, Alain Munoz and Serge Laget posted an article in the French magazine "Jeux & Stratégie" suggesting alternative rules to balance and expand the game . Spanish company Cefa published Alerta Roja (Red Alert) in 1986, which was basically a remake of Scotland Yard with minor variations to the rules and a different theme (secret agents chase a nuclear terrorist though the sewers of a futuristic city). Adaptations. The game was first adapted for the Nintendo Game Boy in 1990, and then as "Scotland Yard Interactive" for the Philips CD-I in 1993. It was subsequently adapted for Windows by Cryo Interactive in 1998, for the Nintendo DS by Sproing Interactive in 2008, and for iPhone (2012) and Android (2015) by Ravensburger Digital. Scotland Yard (board