Ron Galella
Ronald Edward Galella (born January 10, 1931) is an American photographer, known as a pioneer paparazzo. Dubbed "Paparazzo Extraordinaire" by "Newsweek" and "the Godfather of the U.S. paparazzi culture" by "Time" magazine and "Vanity Fair", he is regarded by "Harper's Bazaar" as "arguably the most controversial paparazzo of all time". He immortalized many celebrities out of the public eye and gained notice for his feuds with some of them, including Jacqueline Onassis and Marlon Brando. Despite the numerous controversies and claims of stalking, Galella's work has been praised and exhibited in art galleries worldwide and he  was cited by Andy Warhol as his favorite photographer. During his career, Galella has taken more than three million photographs of public figures. Biography. A Bronx native of Italian heritage, Galella is son of an immigrant from Muro Lucano, Basilicata, and his mother, born in New Jersey, was the daughter of immigrants from Benevento, Campania. After graduating high school, he won a two-year scholarship at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn but turned it down due to his deficiencies in mathematics. Galella served as a United States Air Force photographer (1951-1955) during the Korean War and later attended the  Art Center College of Design in Los Angeles, California, graduating with a degree in photojournalism in 1958. In his free time Galella took pictures of the stars arriving at film premieres, selling them to magazines like "National Enquirer" and "Photoplay". He soon became known for his photographic approach, portraying famous people out of the spotlight. Galella's photographs can be seen in hundreds of publications including "Time", "Harper's Bazaar", "Vogue", "Vanity Fair", "People", "Rolling Stone", "The New Yorker", "The New York Times" and "Life". In his in-home darkroom, Galella makes his own prints which have been exhibited at  museums and galleries throughout the world, including the Museum of Modern Art in both New York City and San Francisco, the Tate Modern in London, and the Helmut Newton Foundation Museum of Photography in Berlin. In 2009, his father's hometown Muro Lucano made him an honorary citizen. Galella is the subject of a 2010 documentary film by Leon Gast entitled "Smash His Camera". The film's title is a quote from Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis directed to her security agent after Galella pursued her and her children through Central Park, New York. The documentary premiered at the 2010 Sundance Film  Festival, receiving the Grand Jury Award for Directing in the U.S. Documentary category, and was also well received at the 54th BFI London Film Festival prior to airing on the BBC throughout the United Kingdom and Europe. After retiring as a paparazzo, Galella is still active as a photographer at prominent culture events. He lives in Montville, New Jersey. Galella's wife and business partner, Betty Burke Galella, died in her sleep on January 9, 2017, at her home in Montville at the age of 68. Speaking of his wife, Galella said, "When Betty first purchased my photos for publication  and granted me assignment credentials over the phone, I fell in love with her warm soft, loving voice. I met her in person for the first time, two years later, on Dec. 10, 1978, at the Kennedy Center for the premiere of "Superman". With one look at that beautiful girl, I said, 'I'm gonna marry you.' And five months later, we were. Once married, we became a team." Betty was born in Somerset, Kentucky, raised in Arlington, and lived in Yonkers before moving to Montville in 1992. Controversies. Galella was known for his obsessive treatment of Jacqueline Onassis  and the subsequent legal battles associated with it. "The New York Post" called it "the most co-dependent celeb-pap[arazzo] relationship ever". The 1972 free-speech trial "Galella v. Onassis" resulted in a restraining order to keep Galella 50 yards (later changed to 25 feet) away from Onassis. He was found guilty of breaking this order four times and faced seven years in jail and a $120,000 fine; later settling for a $10,000 fine and surrendering his rights to photograph Jackie and her children. On June 12, 1973, actor Marlon Brando punched Galella in the face outside a  restaurant in Chinatown in New York City, breaking the photographer's jaw and knocking out five of his teeth on the left side of his mouth. Galella had been following Brando, who was accompanied by Dick Cavett, to the restaurant after a taping of "The Dick Cavett Show" earlier that day. Galella hired lawyer Stuart Schlesinger to sue Brando and ultimately settled for US$40,000. Schlesinger reported in the 2010 documentary "Smash His Camera" that Galella received two-thirds, but only cared about getting the message out, "I don't want anyone to think they can go around punching me  if I am taking their picture. Get that story out, not the money." The next time Galella chased Brando, he wore a football helmet. Galella once lost a tooth when he was beaten by Richard Burton's security guards. He unsuccessfully sued the actor. Elizabeth Taylor, who tended to be tolerant towards photographers, was often heard to mutter, "I'm going to kill Ron Galella!", although the actress would later use his photographs in her biography. Other targets included Elvis Presley, whose bodyguards slashed his tires, Brigitte Bardot, whose security staff hosed him down, and Sean Penn, who spat at  him and reportedly punched him while being photographed with his then-wife Madonna. In spite of these controversies, art galleries across the world have valued his work for its artistic and socio-historical value. He was praised by Andy Warhol, who said: "My idea of a good picture is one that's in focus and of a famous person doing something unfamous. It's being in the right place at the wrong time. That's why my favorite photographer is Ron Galella". Art writer Glenn O'Brien defined him a "brilliant realist able to represent the world faithfully". Exhibits. Galella's  photographs have been exhibited in galleries across North America and Europe: