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1 Lefu la Alzheimer ke eng? PBO NPO Lefu la Alzheimer ke mofuta o atileng ka ho fetisisa wa tshenyeho ya methapo dementia. Leqephe lena la tlhahisoleseding le teka matshwao a ho kula le sesosa sa lefu la Alzheimer le ho hlalosa dikalafo tse fumanehang hajwale. Lefu la Alzheimer le qadile ho hlaloswa ke ngaka ya setsebi sa methapo ya MoJeremane, e leng Alois Alzheimer, hore ke lefu la mmele le amang boko. Nakong ya lefu lena bokhokho le phasahano di ba teng sebopehong sa boko, e leng se lebisang lefung la disele tsa boko. Re tseba hape hore ka lefu la Alzheimer ho ba le kgaello ya tse ding tsa dikhemikhale tsa bohlokwa tsa boko. Dikhemikhale tsena di ameha tsamaisong ya melaetsa kahara boko. Lefu la Alzheimer ke lefu le tswellang, e leng se bolelang hore ha nako e ntse e tsamaya dikarolo tsa boko di tla senyeha. Ha sena se etsahala matshwao a ho kula a tota le ho feta. Matshwao a ho kula Batho ba mekgahlelong ya pele ya lefu la Alzheimer ba ka ba le tahlehelo ya kgopolo mme hape ba ka ba le bothata ba ho fumana mantswe a nepahetseng.
2 Ref..topnews.in/health/files/alzheimersbrain Ha lefu le ntse le ja setsi ba ka: Ferekana mme kgafetsa ba lebala mabitso a batho, dibaka, di nako tse behilweng le diketsahalo tsa bohlokwa. Ho ba le diphetoho tsa maikutlo. Ba ka ikutlwa ba hloname kapa ba halefile. Ba ka ikutlwa ba tshohile le ho teneha ka lebaka la tahlehelo ya bona ya kgopolo e eketsehang. Ba ka ikgula bathong ka lebaka la hobane ba lahlehelwa ke boit shepo kapa ba ba le bothata ba ho etsa kgokahano le batho ba bang. Ha lefu le ntse le ja setsi batho ba tshwerweng ke lefu la Alzheimer ba tla fumana hore ba hloka tshehetso e ngata ho tswa bathong ba ba hlokometseng. Qetellong ba tla hloka thuso bakeng sa mesebetsi yohle ya bona ya letsatsi le letsatsi. Age continues to be the greatest risk factor for dementia. Ha tsena e le matshwao a ho kula a tlwaelehileng a lefu la Alzheimer, ho bohlokwa ho hopola hore batho bohle ba ikgethile. Ha ho batho ba babedi ba nang le Alzheimer ba ka tshwanang. Batho kamehla ba tla ba le bokudi ka ditsela tsa bona tse ikgethileng. Ke eng se bakang lefu la Alzheimer? Ho fihla hajwale ha ho ntlha e le nngwe e tsebahaditsweng e le sesosa sa lefu la Alzheimer. Ho na le kgonahalo ya hore dintlha tse mmalwa, ho kenyeletswa botsofadi, lefutso, dintlha tse amang tikoloho, phepo le bophelo bo botle ka kakaretso, di jara boikarabello. Botsofadi Botsofadi bo tswela pele ho ba kotsi e ka sehloohong bakeng sa tshenyeho ya methapo. Tshenyeho ya methao e ama motho a le mong ho ba 20 bathong ba dilemong tse ka hodimo ho 65 le a le mong ho ba bahlano bathong ba dilemo di ka hodimo ho 80 empa lefu la Alzheimer ha le tshware maqheku feela (ho na le batho ba ba dilemo di ka tlase ho 65 ba nang le lefu la tshenyeho ya methapo naheng ya UK).
3 Lefutso Batho ba bangata ba tshaba hore ba ka futsa lefu la Alzheimer. Boramahlale hajwale ba fuputsa dintlha tse thehang sebopeho sa dijini (peo ya popeho) bakeng sa lefu la Alzheimer. Re tseba hore ho na le malapa a fokolang ka palo moo ho nang le bopaki bo phethahetseng ba lefutso la lefu lena ho tloha molokong o mong ho ya ho o mong. Ana hangata ke malapa ao ho wona lefu lena le hlahellang e sa le pele haholo bophelong. Bongateng bo boholo ba diketsahalo tsa lefu lena, leha ho le jwalo, seabo sa lefutso lefung lena se bonahala se fokola, jwalo ka hore haeba motswadi kapa setho se seng sa seng se na le Alzheimer menyetla ya hao ya hore o tla ba le lefu lena e eketseha hanyane feela ho feta haeba ho ne ho se diketsahalo tsa Alzheimer lelapeng le o potapotileng. Dintlha tse mabapi le tikoloho Dintlha tse mabapi le tikoloho tse ka tlatsetsang qalehong ya lefu la Alzheimer di sa ntse di tla tsebahatswa. Dilemo tse mmalwa tse fetileng ho bile le dingongoreho tsa hore ho hahlamelwa ke aluminiamo ho ka baka lefu lena. Leha ho le jwalo, matswalo ana a batla a fedisitswe. Dintlha tse ding Ka lebaka la phapang e teng popehong ya dikeromosome tsa bona, batho ba nang le Down s syndrome ba phelang ho fihla dilemong tsa bo-50 le 60 ba tla ba le lefu la Alzheimer. Batho ba bileng le ditemalo tse kgolo tsa ho otlana ka hlooho ba bonahala ba le kotsing e kgolo ya ho ba le tshenyeho ya methapo. Boraditebele ba otlwang hangata hloohong le bona ba kotsing. A diagnosis is usually made by excluding other causes. Diphuputso di supile hore batho ba tsubang le ba nang le lefu la kgatello ya madi e phahameng kapa maemo a kholesterole e phahameng mading ba eketsa monyetla wa hore ba ka ba le lefu la Alzheimer.
4 Ho fumanwa ha lefu mothong Haeba o na le dingongoreho mabapi le bophelo bo botle ba hao, kapa bophelo bo botle ba motho e mong ya haufi le wena, ho bohlokwa hore o batle thuso ho tswa ngakeng. Phumano ya sethathong ya lefu lena e tla: Thusa hore o rerele bokamoso. Bolela hore motho ya nang le dementia a ka fumana molemo ho tswa dikalafong tse fumanehang hajwale. Thusa hore o tsebe mehlodi ya dikeletso le tshehetso. Ha ho teko e totobetseng ka kotloloho bakeng sa lefu la dementia. Phumano ya lefu ka tlwaelo e etswa ka ho behella ka thoko disosa tse ding. Ngaka e akaretsang kapa ngaka e kgethehileng e tla batla ho behella disosa tsa tshwaetso, phokolo ya divithamine, mathata a ditshwelesa, dihlahala tsa boko, ditlamorao tse bakwang ke dithethefatsi le tlhonamo ya maikutlo. Dingaka tse kgethehileng Ngaka ya hao e akaretsang e ka kopa ngaka e kgethehileng ho thusa ho fumana boteng ba lefu lena. Ngaka e kgethehileng e ka ba ngaka ya mafu a kelello, ngaka ya boko kapa ngaka ya maqheku. Hore na o tla bona mang hara bona ho tla ipapisa le dilemo tsa motho ya hlahlojwang, hore o na le bokgoni bo bokae ba ho sebedisa mmele le hore ditshebeletso di ntle hakae sebakeng seo a phelang ho sona. Diteko Motho ya etswang teko hangata o tla etswa teko ya madi le tlhahlobo e akaretsang ya mmele. Kgopolo ya motho eo e tla lekanngwa, qalong o tla botswa dipotso tse mabapi le diketsahalo tsa haufinyane le dikgopolo tsa nakong e fetileng. Hape ba ka fuwa tekanyo e phethahetseng ya kgopolo le boiphihlelo ba monahano ke setsebi sa tsa kelello (psychologist). Sekene sa boko se tla etswa ho fana ka ditshupo tse itseng mabapi le diphetoho tse etsahalang bokong ba motho. Ho na le mefuta e mmalwa ya disekene tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletswa CT (computerized tomography) le MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
5 Kalafo Hajwale ha ho pheko bakeng sa lefu la Alzheimer. Leha ho le jwalo, ho na le dikalafo tsa meriana tse mmalwa tse fumanehang tse ka diehisang qaleho ya matshwao a ho kula bathong ba bang mekgahlelong ya qalong ho fihla ho e bohareng. Batho ba nang le lefu la Alzheimer ba bonwe ba ba le kgaello ya khemikhale e bitswang acetylcholine bokong ba bona. Meriana e metjha Aricept, Exelon and Reminyl e sebetsa ka ho tswelletsa diphepelo tse saletseng tsa acetylcholine. Meriana ena ha se pheko, empa e ka tsitsisa matshwao a mang a ho kula a lefu la Alzheimer bakeng sa nako e itseng. Ditlamorao di ka kenyeletsa letshollo, ho nyekelwa ke pelo, ho hloka boroko, mokgathala o moholo le tahlehelo ya takatso ya dijo. Ho hlokomela motho ya nang le dementia Ho na le tse ngata tse ka etswang ho netefatsa hore batho ba nang le lefu la Alzheimer ba phela maphelo a boikemelo ka hohle ka moo ho ka kgonehang bakeng sa nako e telele ka moo ho kgonehang. Re na le letoto la maqephe a tlhahisoleseding le ditataiso bakeng sa batho ba nang le dementia le bahlokomedi ba bona. Hape re fana ka tshehetso ho bahlokomedi le batho ba nang le dementia.
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