Neues Geistliches Lied
Neues Geistliches Lied (, "new spiritual song"), abbreviated NGL, is a music genre of songs in German intended for church usage, and based on contemporary lyrics and with music by contemporary composers. History. The idea to reach young people by new songs for church services began in the 1950s. The first song in the genre was in 1955 "Seigneur, mon ami" by Père Duval who performed his religious chansons at the Protestant church assembly "Kirchentag" in 1962. Christians looked for an expression for reformation of thoughts and liturgy in the churches. The Protestant Evangelische Akademie Tutzing organised competitions , initiated by the minister for students ("Studentenpfarrer") in Munich, Günther Hegele. The first competition in 1962 received 996 entries, the first prize went to "Danke" with text and music by Martin Gotthard Schneider. "Stern über Bethlehem" was written by Alfred Hans Zoller for the third competition in 1964, and became a common song of the star singers. Musicals by Andrew Lloyd Webber, in 1968 "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat" and in 1970 "Jesus Christ Superstar", nourished tendencies to write more new music for young people. In 1972, Peter Janssens introduced the term "Sacropop" to Germany, for a fusion of  sacred texts and musical styles derived from Pop and Rock. A 2001 study, presented at the "Überdiözesane Fachtagung Neues Geistliches Lied" reported more than 1895 choirs and bands active in the field of NGL. The songs became an established medium in services. Christoph Kießig of a Berlin band noted: "Das NGL ist eine der wenigen Stellen, an denen Jugendliche und Erwachsene nicht nur konsumieren." (The NGL is one of the few fields where adults and young people don't only consume.) wrote in 2003 that only songs that congregations like to sing in services are truly NGL ("Denn nur was  sich bewährt, bleibt in den Gemeinden lebenden und wird als Neues Geistliches Lied praktiziert."). New elements compared to traditional hymns are rhythms with syncopes and stresses on the offbeat, contemporary lyrics, and melodies that can be easily learned. Songbooks. Collections of NGL were for example in 1970 "Jericho", edited by Karl Natiesta and Tom Runggaldier, and a year later in "Schalom – Ökumenisches Liederbuch" (Schalom – Ecumenical songbook). Josef Mittermair published in 1979 the collection "Das Lob" (Praise), which tried to represent the bandwidth of spirituals with German texts, chansons by Maurice Cocagnac, Duval, Alfred Flury and Sœur Sourire, the mass, the  Tiroler Jugend- und Kindermessen by Raimund Kreidl, and the mass for children "Pfälzer Kindermesse" by . A 14th edition of this song book appeared in 2013. Other song books have included Several NGL were included in the Protestant hymnal "Evangelisches Gesangbuch" in 1996, including songs by Clemens Bittlinger, Oskar Gottlieb Blarr, Siegfried Fietz, Kurt Rommel, Martin Gotthard Schneider, Manfred Siebald, , Dieter Trautwein, and . The second version of the Catholic hymnal "Gotteslob" has included NGL in its main section from 2013. Initiative in Limburg. The Catholic Diocese of Limburg established in 1971 a work group for church music and youth ("Arbeitskreis Kirchenmusik  und Jugendseelsorge im Bistum Limburg". It established means of publication to familiarise congregations and musicians with new songs. Members have included , Patrick Dehm, Eugen Eckert, Dietmar Fischenich, Winfried Heurich, Joachim Raabe and Peter Reulein. A new group has been dedicated especially to NGL. The group initiated more than books for choir books and song books, including: