Schindlerjuden
The , literally translated from German as "Schindler Jews", were a group of roughly 1,200 Jews who were saved by Oskar Schindler during the Holocaust. They survived the years of the Nazi regime primarily through the intervention of Schindler, who found them protected status as industrial workers at his enamelware factory in Kraków and, after 1944, in an armaments factory in occupied Czechoslovakia. There, they avoided being sent to death camps and survived the war. Schindler expended his personal fortune as an industrialist to save the "Schindlerjuden". Their story has been depicted in the book "Schindler's Ark", by Thomas  Keneally, and Steven Spielberg's film adaptation of the novel, "Schindler's List". Poldek Pfefferberg, one of the survivors, persuaded Thomas Keneally to write the novel and Steven Spielberg to produce the film. In 2012, there were estimated to be over 8,500 descendants of " living across the United States, Israel, and other countries. List. The original list of " who were transported to Schindler's Brünnlitz factory in Brněnec, occupied Czechoslovakia, was prepared by Mietek Pemper, Itzhak Stern and Oskar Schindler in September and October 1944. That list likely no longer exists. Another list with 1,000 names, compiled by Pemper upon  the prisoners' arrival 21 October 1944 at Schindler's Brünnlitz factory, was presented by him to the International Tracing Service in 1958. Two lists of 1,098 prisoners made by camp administration in Brünnlitz on 18 April 1945 are extant, and are preserved in Yad Vashem Memorial, where Oskar and Emilie Schindler are recognized among the Righteous. The first list contains 297 female prisoners while the second list contains 801 male prisoners. There are several preserved copies and carbon copies of the list from April 1945, with some in museums while others are in private hands, mostly of families of former  prisoners. In April 2009, a carbon copy of the original list, documenting 801 names, was discovered among the documentation "Schindler's Ark" author Thomas Keneally had donated to the State Library of New South Wales in Sydney.