Gerardo Chiaromonte
Gerardo Chiaromonte (November 29, 1924 – April 7, 1993) was an Italian communist politician, engineer, journalist, and writer. Biography. He was born in Naples on November 29, 1924 into a poor family from Roccanova, a small village in the province of Potenza. After obtaining a degree in engineering he moved to Milan in 1943 and became involved in the Italian resistance movement, a partisan force against the German occupation and remaining Italian Fascist forces of the Italian Social Republic (RSI) during World War II. In 1943 he became a member of the Italian Communist Party ("Partito Comunista Italiano", PCI ). Chiaromonte’s political ideas were somewhat moderate in the context of the PCI. He belonged to the wing of the party called "Migliorismo", whose members notably included Giorgio Napolitano, Giorgio Amendola, Nilde Iotti and Emanuele Macaluso. The term "migliorista" (from "migliore", Italian for "better") was coined with a slightly mocking intent. In 1991 he supported the transformation of the PCI in the Democratic Party of the Left ("Partito democratico della Sinistra", PDS). In 1963 he was elected in the Italian Chamber of Deputies and in 1968 for the Italian Senate. He remained a senator until his death in 1993, heading  the Communist group in the Senate from 1983-1986. From 1986-1988 he was the director of the party's newspaper "l'Unità". In March 1988, Chiaromonte became the president of the Antimafia Commission. The Commission studied the connections between the four Mafia-type organizations and the links between the Mafia and secret Masonic lodges. It lobbied for the introduction of new legislation such as the reform of the Rognoni-La Torre law whereby asset seizure and confiscation provisions were applicable to other forms of criminal association including drug trafficking, extortion and usury among others. During his time on the Commission  he would break with his party's position on Giovanni Falcone, siding with the magistrate. He died at Vico Equense on April 7, 1993.