Marie Bernays
Marie Bernays (13 May 188322 April 1939) was a German politician, educator, writer and women's rights activist. She co-founded the Mannheim Women's Social School and served in the Landtag of the Republic of Baden from 1921 until 1925 as a member of the "Deutsche Volkspartei". Biography. Bernays was born in Munich in 1883 and moved with her family to Karlsruhe in 1890. The family moved again in 1905 to Heidelberg, where Bernays sat her Abitur at the humanities-oriented Humanistisches Gymnasium in 1906. From 1906 to 1912, she studied economics at Heidelberg University. Bernays' family  was Jewish but converted to Protestantism; her father, Michael Bernays, was a professor of literary history at the University of Munich, and her mother was Louise née Rübke. She had two brothers, Hermann Uhde-Bernays (1873–1965), an art historian, and (1881–1948), an academic. Together with Elisabeth Altmann-Gottheiner, Julie Bassermann and Alice Bensheimer, in 1916 she founded the Mannheim Soziale Frauenschule (Women's Social School), and from 1919 to 1932 Bernays served as the school's director. She collaborated with the communist revolutionary Eugen Leviné in 1919 to host discussion evenings in Heidelberg. In 1920, she stood as a candidate  for the "Deutsche Volkspartei" (DVP; German People's Party) in the Weimar Reichstag elections; she appeared at fourteenth on the party's national list. She was elected to the Baden Landtag – the parliament of the Republic of Baden – in 1921 and held her seat until 1925. She wrote many articles and pamphlets on topics including women's role in a democratic society, child-rearing, and social welfare. In 1933, distressed by the rise of Nazism and the DVP's shift towards right-wing politics, she entered a convent and converted to Roman Catholicism. She died of natural causes in 1939  in Beuron.