Katherine Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield
Katherine Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield (1609–1667) was an English courtier who was the governess and confidante of Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, and the first woman to hold the office of Postmaster General of England. Origins. She was the elder daughter of Thomas Wotton, 2nd Baron Wotton by his wife Mary Throckmorton, a daughter of Sir Arthur Throckmorton of Paulerspury, Northamptonshire. Career. After the marriage of William and Mary in May 1641, she followed her husband to Holland as the governess to the Princess Royal. As the princess came to age, Lady Stanhope  grew to become her confidante and adviser. During the English Civil War, Lady Stanhope sided with Charles I and his heir, King Charles II; she is said to have supplied them both politically and financially, and to have been involved in much of the royalist plots of that decade. After the death of Heenvliet in 1660, Charles II created her Countess of Chesterfield in recognition of both her service and her friendship. She remained in princess Mary's service until the latter's death from illness on 24 December 1660. She then passed into the service of Anne Hyde, Duchess  of York, and in 1662 to Queen Catherine of Braganza, wife of Charles II. In 1662 Lady Catherine married her friend Daniel O'Neill (d.1664), Postmaster General, another one of the King's men during the civil war. Upon his death in 1664, she increased her by then already considerable wealth by inheriting O'Neill's office of Postmaster General. Marriages and progeny. She married three times: Death. She died of an edema in 1667, and was buried on her father's estate.