NlaIII
"Nla"III is a type II restriction enzyme isolated from Neisseria lactamica. As part of the restriction modification system, "Nla"III is able to prevent foreign DNA from integrating into the host genome by cutting double stranded DNA into fragments at specific sequences. This results in further degradation of the fragmented foreign DNA and prevents it from infecting the host genome. "Nla"III recognizes the palindromic and complementary DNA sequence of CATG/GTAC and cuts outside of the G-C base pairs. This cutting pattern results in sticky ends with GTAC overhangs at the 3' end. Characteristics. "Nla"III from N. lactamica contains  two key components: a methylase and an endonuclease. The methylase is critical to recognition, while the endonuclease is used for cutting. The gene ("Nla"IIIR) is 693 bp long and creates the specific 5’-CATG-3’ endonuclease. A homolog of "Nla"IIIR is "iceA1" from Helicobacter pylori. In "H. pylori", there exists a similar methylase gene called "hpyIM" which is downstream of "iceA1". "ICEA1" is an endonuclease that also recognizes the 5’-CATG-3’ sequence. "IceA1" in "H. pylori" is similar to that of "NlaIII" in "N. lactamica". "Nla"III contains an "ICEA" protein that encompasses the 4 to 225 amino acid region. "H. pylori" also contains  the same protein. "H. pylori" infection often leads to gastrointestinal issues such as peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. Researchers speculate that "ICEA" proteins serve as potential markers for gastric cancer Isoschizomers. "Nla"III isoschizomers recognize and cut the same recognition sequence 5’-CATG-3’. Endonucleases that cut at this sequence include: Applications. "NlaIII" can be used in many different experimental procedures such as: