Princess Deokhye
Princess Deokhye (Korean: 덕혜옹주, "Deokhye-Ongju"; Japanese: 徳恵姫, "Tokue-hime"; 25 May 191221 April 1989) was the last princess of the Korean Empire. She was born on May 25, 1912, at Changdeok Palace, in Seoul, as the youngest daughter of Emperor Gojong from his concubine, then known as Yang Gwi-in. After her birth, Gojong bestowed the royal title "Boknyeong" on Lady Yang. Deokhye was not formally recognized as a princess by Japan until 1917, because she was not the daughter of a Queen. In 1917, her name was formally entered into the Imperial Family's registry. Her  father loved her greatly and established the Deoksugung Kindergarten for her in Junmyungdang (준명당), Hamnyeong Hall. Girls her age from noble families attended the kindergarten. In Korea, she is called "Deokhye Ongju", not "Gongju". Gongju refers to the daughters of the Queen, and Ongju refers to the daughters of concubines. Birth and early life. Yi Deok-hye was born as the daughter of Yang Gwiin (later Lady Boknyeong) and the then-60-year-old Emperor Emeritus Gojong on May 25, 1912, during the reign of her half-brother, Sunjong of Korea. Immediately after birth, she was called Agi (아기, 阿只, meaning  baby) and then named Deok-hye. Her mother was a low-ranking court lady working in the kitchen of Deoksugung. Gojong had 16 children with his 10 wives, but Deok-hye was his first daughter; his four other daughters were not counted as they all died under the age of one. Gojong was delighted with the birth of his first daughter and raised her with meticulous love. In 1916, he established the Deoksugung Kindergarten dedicated to her, where Deok-hye would attend. However, apart from his father, because she didn't have an official title, she was ignored and treated  like she did not exist. Later, she was nicknamed "Boknyeong-dang". In 1917, her father persuaded Terauchi Masatake, the then-ruling Governor-General of Korea, to enter her name into the registry of the Imperial Family, offering her legitimacy and granting her the title of princess. In 1919, Emperor Gojong planned a secret engagement between Princess Deokhye and Kim Jang-han, the nephew of Kim Hwang-jin, a court chamberlain. He had sought to protect his daughter through it, but the engagement failed due to Japan's intervention and Kim Hwang-jin was not permitted to enter Deoksu Palace again . Emperor Gojong died suddenly on January 21, 1919. In 1921, Princess Deokhye started going to Hinodae Elementary School, in Seoul. Life in Japan and arranged marriage. In 1925, the Princess was taken to Japan under the pretense of continuing her studies. Like her brothers, she attended the Gakushuin, where Yukika Sohma was among her schoolmates. In Japan she was known as Princess Tokue (徳恵姫, "Tokue-hime"). According to Yukika, she was untalkative and struggled with exercising. Upon the news of her mother's death in 1929, Deokhye was finally given permission to visit Korea temporarily, in order to attend the  funeral. However, she was not allowed to wear the proper clothing. In the Spring of 1930, upon the onset of a psychological condition (manifested by sleepwalking), she moved to King Yi's Palace, the Tokyo house of her brother, Crown Prince Eun. During this period, she often forgot to eat and drink. Her physician diagnosed her illness as precocious dementia (today called schizophrenia), but by the following year, her condition seemed to have improved. This may be attributed to her upbringing. In May 1931, after "matchmaking" by Empress Teimei, the consort of Emperor Taishō of Japan, Princess Deokhye married Count  Sō Takeyuki (武志; 1908–1985), a Japanese aristocrat. The marriage had in fact been decided in 1930. Her brother had protested against it, and it had been postponed because of her condition, but when she recovered, she was immediately given instructions that the wedding was to take place. She gave birth to a daughter, Masae (), or Jeonghye () in Korea, on August 14, 1932. In 1933, Deokhye was again experienced mental illness, and after this, she spent many years in various mental health clinics. With the defeat of Japan in World War II, Korea once again became independent and her husband lost  his noble title, as the Japanese peerage was abolished. As Deokhye continued to be in a poor health condition, and after having permission from Crown Prince Eun, Sō Takeyuki eventually divorced in 1955; he later remarried to a Japanese woman named Yoshie Katsumura. Having suffered an unhappy marriage, Deokhye's grief was compounded by the loss of her only daughter, who disappeared in 1956, reportedly committing suicide due to the stress of her parents' divorce. As a result, Deokhye's condition deteriorated at a slow yet considerable pace. Return to Korea. She returned to Korea at the invitation of the  South Korean government on January 26, 1962, after 37 years. At first, the Korean government refused to allow the return of the last royal bloodline, because President Rhee Syng-man wanted to avoid political chaos. However, reporter Kim Eul-han found the princess and persuaded the government to allow her return. She cried while approaching her motherland, and despite her mental state, accurately remembered the complex royal court etiquette and protocol. She lived in Nakseon Hall, Changdeok Palace, with Crown Prince and Princess Eun, their son Prince Gu, his wife Julia Mullock, and Mrs. Byeon Bok-dong, her lady-in -waiting. She died on April 21, 1989, at Sugang Hall, Changdeok Palace, and was buried at Hongryureung, in Namyangju, near Seoul.