Islay LIMPET
Islay LIMPET was the world's first commercial wave power device and was connected to the United Kingdom's National Grid. History. Islay LIMPET (Land Installed Marine Power Energy Transmitter) was developed and operated by Wavegen in cooperation with Queen's University Belfast. Following the construction of a 75 kW prototype in 1991, a 500 kW unit was built in 2000 at Claddach Farm on the Rhinns of Islay on the Scottish island of Islay. The capacity was later downgraded to 250 kW. Technology. Islay LIMPET is a shoreline device using an Oscillating Water Column to drive air  in and out of a pressure chamber through a Wells turbine. The chamber of the LIMPET is an inclined concrete tube with its opening below the water level. External wave action causes the water level in the chamber to oscillate. This variation in water level alternately compresses and decompresses trapped air above, which causes air to flow backwards and forwards through a pair of contra-rotating turbines. Decommissioning. The plant has been decommissioned, and as of 2018 all installations except the concrete construction making up the wave chamber have been removed. Related installations. Based on this design, a 16-turbine  plant was built in the Bay of Biscay in Spain, the Mutriku Breakwater Wave Plant, which was fully operational and handed over to the company in 2011.