Allium cernuum
Allium cernuum, known as nodding onion or lady's leek, is a perennial plant in the genus "Allium". It grows in dry woods, rock outcroppings, and prairies. It has been reported from much of the United States, Canada and Mexico including in the Appalachian Mountains from Alabama to New York State, the Great Lakes Region, the Ohio and Tennessee River Valleys, the Ozarks of Arkansas and Missouri, and the Rocky and Cascade Mountains of the West, from Mexico to Washington. It has not been reported from California, Nevada, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, Delaware, New England, or much  of the Great Plains. In Canada, it grows from Ontario to British Columbia. Description. "Allium cernuum" is a herbaceous perennial growing from an unsheathed elongated conical bulb which gradually tapers directly into several keeled (thin and flat) grass-like leaves ( wide). Each mature bulb bears a single flowering stem, which terminates in a downward nodding umbel of white or rose, campanulate (bell-shaped) flowers that bloom in July and August. The flowers are arranged into downward facing umbels and each flower is about across, pink or white with yellow pollen and yellow anthers. "A. cernuum" does not have bulblets in  the inflorescence. The flowers mature into spherical crested fruits which later split open to reveal the dark shiny seeds. Habitat. "Allium cernuum" can be found growing in deciduous woodlands, to open grasslands. The species has a wide geographical distribution but is absent from much of its range. In the southern part of its range in North America it is limited to mountainous habitats, and in other parts of its North American range it is limited to local and disjunct population. It is absent from North Dakota and most of the great plains states and intermountain region of the US. In  Minnesota it is listed as a threatened species. Uses. "Allium cernuum" is edible and has a strong onion flavor, and has often been used in cooking. It is grown in gardens for its distinctive nodding flowers that are white, pink, or maroon; it is winter hardy in USDA zones 3–9. Similar species. In addition to other species of "Allium", wild garlic, field garlic, and wild leek look similar. Any onion-like plant which lacks the expected odor should be suspect of being a similar-looking poisonous species, namely deathcamas.