Mandi Bahauddin
The name of the town Mandi Bahauddin (Urdu and ) known as (Chak No. 51) during ancient times, originates from two sources, Mandi was a prefix because it was a grain market and Bahauddin was a Soofi (Saint) whose mausoleum is in or near-by ancient Village named Pindi Bahauddin. It is a city in northern Punjab, Pakistan. It is also the capital of Mandi Bahauddin District. Mandi Bahauddin is the 41st largest city of Pakistan by population according to the 2017 census. The city is some 220 metres above sea level and is located in central Punjab, between  the rivers Jhelum (north 12 km) and Chenab (south 39 km). History. Foundation of Mandi Bhauddin. In 1506 A.D. a tribal Chief named Bahauddin established a settlement namely Pindi Bahauddin, after his migration from Pindi Shahjahanian to this area. The town started growing in early 20th century near the ancient village named as Chak No.51, where Sikh, Hindu and Muslim businessmen and land owners came to settle. John Alam made the map of this chak, which became the center of this new town Pindi Bahauddin. later in 1920 because of famous grain market setup in this Chak No. 51, it  was given name of Mandi-Bahauddin, in 1923 all the streets and roads were laid straight and wide. In 1924 Pindi-Bahauddin Railway station was given the name of Mandi Bahauddin railway station. In 1937 when Mandi-Bahauddin was town, it was given the status of a town committee and in 1941 it got the status of a Municipal Committee. In the master plan of reconstructing this town. In 1946, nine gates and the walls were retied around this town. Early history. The recorded history of Mandi Bahauddin goes back to the era of Alexander the Great. Some 8 km  northwest of the modern-day Mandi Bahauddin town, at the village Mong on the southern bank of the Jhelum River (Greek "Hydaspes"), the battle Battle of the Hydaspes River was fought between Raja Porus (Sanskrit "Paurava") and Alexander. This historic battle of Jhelum River took place in 326 BCE. The kingdom of Raja Porus was situated in the northern Punjab of modern Pakistan. This was the last major fight of Alexander's career; the Macedonians, after finding a fierce resistance by Porus, and having heard of a massive 4,000 elephant force mustered by eastern kingdoms, refused to march further toward  the Ganges Plains. The Sadar Gate built during the British era in 1933 is present here. Administration. Mandi Bahauddin, the capital of the district, is also the Tehsil headquarters. Mandi Bahauddin was raised to the level of Municipal Committee in 1941. It was given the status of Municipal Committee after the implementation of Punjab Local Government Ordinance 2001. Municipal Committee of Mandi Bahauddin Tehsil is subdivided into Three tehsils and 80 Union Councils: Demographics. As per the 1998 Census of Pakistan, the population of city was recorded as 1,160,552 while according to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the population of  city was risen to 198,609 with an increase of over 99.62% in 19 years. The population of Mandi Bahauddin District was recorded as 1,593,292 according to the Census of 2017. Geography. The district forms a central portion of the Chaj Doab lying between the Jhelum and Chenab rivers. It lies from 30° 8' to 32° 40' N and 73° 36' to 73° 37' E. The tehsil headquarters towns of Phalia and Malikwal are from Mandi Bahauddin, respectively. It is bounded on the north by the Jhelum river, which separates it from Jehlam district; on the west  by Sargodha district; on the south by the river Chenab (which separates it from the Gujranwala and Hafizabad districts); and on the east by Gujrat district. The total area of the district is . The district comprises the Mandi Bahauddin, Phalia Tehsil, and Malikwal Tehsils. Climate. This district has a moderate climate, hot in summer and cold in winter. During the peak of summer the temperature may rise to during the day, but in the winter months the minimum temperature may fall below . The average rainfall in the district is and mainly resonates with the weather in Islamabad. Languages. The main  languages of the district are: Punjabi, the first language of % of the population; Urdu – 2.5%, Pashto 0.5% and Saraiki 0.5% Economy. Shahtaj Sugar Mills is one of the largest sugar plants in Pakistan. It is located about 2 km west of the city. Its sub-offices are in Lahore and Karachi. The company was given top company award by Pakistan Stock Exchange three times in 1982, 1984 & 1988. Educational institutions. Following are the some of notable educational institutes in the city including government schools, partial-government schools, charity schools and private schools: