Claus Kühnl
Claus Kühnl (born in Arnstein, Lower Franconia, 17 November 1957) is a German composer and teacher. Life. Kühnl is the eldest child of Gudrun Kühnl ("née" Schmitt) from Lower Franconia and Wilhelm Kühnl who comes from the Sudetenland. His musical training began in 1973, first as an external student during his last years of high school and later, as a student at the Hochschule für Musik in Würzburg, studying with Bertold Hummel (composition), Julian von Károlyi (piano), Hanns Reinartz (conducting) and Zsolt Gárdonyi (theory). Important for him at this time were analysis courses in New Music with Klaus  Hinrich Stahmer and, from 1978 to 1980, the Student Chamber Orchestra "Musici Allegri", which he himself conducted. In 1980 he successfully finished his state exam in piano and then moved to Frankfurt am Main, where he continued his studies in composition with Hans Ulrich Engelmann at the Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts. There he met the German composer Gerhard Müller-Hornbach, with whom he founded the "Mutare Ensemble" in 1981. This Frankfurt-based ensemble specialises in the performance of contemporary music and rarely performed classical music. His first publications appeared at this time and it also marks the  beginning of his teaching at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt. At first he taught theory but in 1984 was able to start courses in composition and contemporary chamber music. He also taught theory in the musicology department of the Goethe University Frankfurt and at the Music Academy in Darmstadt. In 1983, he received a grant from the Cité internationale des arts in Paris where he met Tristan Murail and Henri Dutilleux, whose works he studied intensively. As more commissions for compositions came in, he stood down as director of the "Mutare Ensemble" in 1986. In 1987 he met Wilhelm Killmayer  at a course for young composers directed by Killmayer in Hilchenbach. His opera "La petite Mort" appeared in 1988 – a commission by the "Frankfurt Feste" (première 1991), and one year later the ensemble piece "Duplum. Musik des Lichtes und der Finsternis", a commission by the "Philharmonia Ensemble" of the Hessischer Rundfunk. Through a grant in 1990 from the German Academy Villa Massimo ("Accademia Tedesca Roma Villa Massimo"), Kühnl lived in Rome for one year. There the first thoughts germinated for a new aesthetic, which the composer described as "panharmony". He found the first signs of globalisation positive and worked to  achieve a blending of various styles and influences from which a new "alloy" could be created. A good example from this period is the piece "Lausche den Winden," a commission by the "Quartett avance". After his return from Rome in 1992 he became composition teacher at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory in Mainz, a position which he gave up after one year. In the following years Kühnl, aside from his usual occupations, devoted himself to various other cultural projects, including directing "Response" (students compose) and for four years acting as an advisor to the Department of Culture of the city of  Hanau. From 1993 until 1997 he worked, with several long pauses, on the opera "Die Geschichte von der Schüssel und vom Löffel" (première 1998 in Bielefeld), after a children's book by Michael Ende, who Kühnl had met three times in Munich. Since 1993 Kühnl has been an honorary member of the committee of the "Mozart-Stiftung of 1838" in Frankfurt am Main. In the years 1999 and 2000 Kühnl held a stipendium from the "Internationales Künstlerhaus Villa Concordia" in Bamberg. There he became friends with the author Jochen Missfeldt. The works of the following period show, in contrast to  those of the 90s, the use of panharmony through the economy of method and conscious use of simplicity. The major work of this period is the Concerto for Mandolin and 13 Instruments "Voller Sonnen," which had its première in 2006 at the "World New Music Festival" in Stuttgart. From the mid 80s he explored working with micro intervals as well as spectral music (a result of French influences) and towards the turn of the century this increasingly played an important role in his works. Whereas at first micro intervals had played solely a melodic function in the framework of various  rhetorical figures, later they played a vertical role as well, producing beat frequencies or spectral fields, which create subtle sounds of expression. In 2016 Kühnl was appointed honorary professor at the Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts. Kühnl is married to the musician Yumi Yokoyama. He has two sons from his first marriage.