Viktor Litvinov
Viktor Yakovlevich Litvinov (, 17 April 1910 – 4 June 1983) was a Soviet Russian aircraft designer and organizer of the aircraft industry. Early life. Viktor Litvinov was born in the city of Taganrog in 1910. In 1930 he completed his studies in the Taganrog's aviation technical school and was assigned to the "Aviation Factory Number 1" in Moscow as technical engineer in the assembly shop. He graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI) in 1937. In 1938 he was appointed the chief engineer of the "Aviation Factory Number 1". Accomplishments. In 1938, Litvinov introduced the new system of  project development, featuring prefabricated stocks with unified elements. This made a considerable economy of metal and reduced the cycles of stocks production. In 1940, he introduced the "parallelism principle" into the aircraft building industry: the preparations for the start of production were made simultaneously with design works and production of the new machine's plans. After the start of World War II and the evacuation of the factory to Kuybishev, Victor Litvinov organized the mass production of Ilyushin Il-2, introducing the new principle of the conveyor line with both planes and stocks moving on the conveyor band. This innovation was  further introduced into all aircraft factories of the USSR and Litvinov was made director of the factory in 1944. In 1965-1973 - Deputy Minister of the General Engineering of the USSR.