UShakespeare wathi, "Neither a borrower not a lender be, for loan of't loses both itself and friends". Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela. Kodwa, uma ungumlimi ngokwamanje, uzocindezelwa ukuboleka imali ukungena emsebenzini wokukhiqiza ukudla.
Kungani abalimi badinga ukuboleka imali?
Noma ungumnini womhlaba noma ukwazi ukulima ngenye indlela, khumbula ukuthi ukulima kuyibhizinisi futhi uzodinga imali ukusebenzisa ibhizinisi lakho. Akunandaba ukuthi ulithola kanjani ipulazi. Mhlawumbe uthole ipulazi maqondana nomthetho wokuguqukisa ubunini bomhlaba, mhlawumbe ulithenge ngemali yakho oyithole kwenye indawo - kodwa uma ufuna ukulima, uzodinga imali.
Umhlaba uyadula, ngakho-ke abantu bacabanga njalo ngezindlela zokuthola imali ukuthenga ipulazi. Kodwa ipulazi liyingxenye nje yezinto zebhizinisi lokulima. Uma ulima ngezimfuyo, uzodinga ukuthenga izimfuyo (izinkomo noma izimvu, izimbuzi, izingulube noma izinkukhu). Uma ufuna ukukhiqiza ukudla okuzinhlamvu noma amaveji, uzodinga ukuthenga ugandaganda nemishini ukulima umhlabathi. Akugcini lapho, uzodinga ukuthenga okunye futhi ngaphambi uqala ukutshala (izimbewu, umanyolo, amakhemikheli, idizili, njll.). Kungenzeka ukuthi inani lalezi zindleko libe ngaphezu kwenani lokuthenga ipulazi.
Sithini isivumelwano sokuboleka?
Ukubolekisa imali kuyibhizinisi - kukhona umuntu onayo imali ofuna ukwandisa leyo mali. Kodwa yena ufuna ukuthola iqiniso ukuthi angeke alahlekelwe leyo mali futhi emva kwesikhathi ufuna ukuthola imali engaphezu kwaleyo ebolekisiwe. Akafuni ukuzifaka engozini. Lapho kungaba khona ingozi, uzokhuphula intelo bese wena uzokhokha imali ephezulu ukuboleka leyo mali ekuqaleni.
Kaningi, uma uboleka imali uzodingeka ukunikeza isibopho njengezimpahla. Lokhu kuvikela umuntu obolekisayo angalahlekelwa imali yakhe, uzothengisa lezo zimpahla uma wena uhluleka okukhokhela isikwenetu sakho.
Ngesikhathi esidlule abantu bebavama ukuboleka imali endaweni ethile, bese uma behluIeka ukukhokhela leso sikwenetu, bese baya kwenye indawo baboleke imali lapho sokukhokhela isikwenetu sakuqala. Abantu bebangacindezelwa ukunikeza imininingwane maqondana nazo zonke izikwenetu zabo. Umthetho weNCA usukushintshile lokhu. Abantu ababolekisa umuntu imali, kodwa bayazi ukuthi angeke akwazi ukuyibuyisela leyo, kuzobekwa icala kubo. Sekukhona imininingwane yazo zonke izikwenetu zabantu, uma inhlangano ebolekisa imali ingatholi konke kumlimi, ingaya khona ibone zingaki izikwenetu zalo mlimi bese ingala ukumnikeza leso sikwenetu esisha.
Kaningi abalimi bayacasuka uma bengatholi isikwenetu, kodwa lapho wena ungakwazi ukubuyisela leyo mali kuzobhalwa emthethweni ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho lishone phansi - bese kuzolandela izinto ezimbili ezimbi. Inhlangano ebolekise imali izolahlekelwa leyo mali, wena awungeke uphinde ukwazi ukuboleka imali. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi imali ebolekiwe ifanele ibuyiselwe - uyibolekile imali, akusiso isipho nje noma igranti.
Kungani kubenzima kubalimi abasha ukuboleka imali?
Ikhono lakho lokukhokhela isikwenetu maqondana nokuhamba kwesimo sezimali sakho nakusasa. Umuntu obelekise imali kuwe kufanele abe neqiniso ukuthi uzokwazi ukuyikhokha leyo mali ekugcineni kwesikhathi esibekiwe. Uma sibheka ukutshala ukolo sibona ukuthi uzodinga R5 000 ehektheleni elilodwa. Ngentengiso yamanje (ngonyaka odlule intengiso beyingaphansi kwa-R2 000 ngethani), kuzofuneka ukuthi uvune amathani angu-2,5 ehektheleni ukukhokhela izindleko kuphela. Khumbula ngokuvamekile ezindaweni eziningi kuvunwa amathani angaphansi kwamabili ehektheleni. Lapho umlimi efuna ukuboleka imali ukutshala ukolo, umbolekisi uzobheka umvuno ovamekile ngeminyaka neminyaka, intengiso ezotholakala nenani lezindleko zokutshala ukolo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwamanje abasekho abantu abazobolekisa imali yokutshala ukolo. Ukukhiqiza ukolo akunanzuzo.
Inzuzo encane evela emalini oyifakayo. Ukukhiqiza ukolo kusenkingeni, kodwa sibokhumbula ukuthi ngokuvamekile wonke umsebenzi wokukhiqiza ukudla okuzinhlamvana icindizekile. Sekukhiqizwa ukudla okuningi kakhulu, manje intengiso iyehla kodwa inani lezindleko zokukhiqiza liyakhuphuka njalo. Kanjalo-ke izinhlangano ezibolekisa imali azisathandi ukubolekisa ngoba umboleki akakwazi ukubuyisela umbolekisi inzuzo ekwanele.
Ubungcweti bomlimi. Lapho uqala umsebenzi omusha noma ibhizinisi elisha awunalo ulwazi oluningi, ngakho-ke uzowenza amaphutha. Kunjalo nakubalimi abasakhulayo - abazange bakhombise ukuthi bayakwazi ukulima iminyaka neminyaka. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kubenzima ukuboleka imali.
Isibopho sesikwenetu. Sesishilo ukuthi umbolekisi ufuna ukwazi ukuthi lapho uhluleka ukubuyisela isikwenetu yena uzokwazi ukuthengisa izimpahla zakho ukuze athole imali yakhe. Kaningi umlimi akakwazi ukunikeza ipulazi libe isibopho (okuvamekile ekulimeni). Abaningi abalimi abasibo abanini bamapulazi (njengomhlaba womuzi wonke noma ipulazi liyaqashwa), noma ipulazi linebondi lokuqala elisize umlimi ukuthenga lelo pulazi. Lapho umlimi engakwazi ukunikeza isibopho, umbolekisi uzokwala ukubolekisa imali ngoba uyesaba uzolahlekelwa imali yakhe.
Abalimi bangazama kanjani ukuthola isikwenetu sokutshala ngaphandle kwesibopho?
Imali edingekayo yokutshala ivama kufika ku-R4 500 ehektheleni (sikuthatha lokhu lapha njengesibonelo). Uma umlimi ufuna ukutshala amahektheli angu-100, kudingeka aboleke R450 000. Imali eningi leyo.
Masithi umlimi unamasimu amahle anonile, indawo lapho elima khona ithola imvula ekwanele, umvuno uvama kuba muhle nentengiso yenza ukuthi kungatholakala inzuzo, bese umlimi engaya eLand Bank, emabhange, noma i-agribhizinisi noma i-cooperative ukuthola isikwenetu sokutshala.
Masithi futhi ukuthi umlimi akakwazi ukunikeza ipulazi libe isibopho, manje kufanele umlimi athole esinye isibopho. Lapha sekungangena inshuwalense yokuqala (input insurance). Le nshuwalense ivikela "izenzo zikaNkulunkulu", hhayi ukulima ngendlela engafaneleki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umlimi kufanele alime ngendlela efanelekile, akhombise ukuthi uvama ukuthola umvuno omuhle njalo ngeminyaka neminyaka, bese angazama uthola leyo inshuwalense. Inkampani yenshuwalense izohlola ukuqhubeka komsebenzi sonke isikhathi futhi bangala ukuqhubeka ngenshuwalense noma nini - bahlola uhlobo nokujula komhlabathi, bahlola amasampula omhlabathi, bahlola indlela yokutshala, uhlobo lwezimbewu, umanyolo othelwayo, ukuphatha kwezifo nokhula - uma konke lokhu kungahambi maqondana nomlayezo wayo, inkampani izokwala ukunikeza inshuwalense.
"Izenzo zikaNkulunkulu" ezivikelwa inshuwalense kungaba ukoma, isithwathwa, amanzi amaningi, isichotho nomlilo. Khumbula inshuwalense ayivikeli izindlela zokulima ezimbi. Uma umvuno wakho uphansi ngoba awuzange ulime kahle, awungeke uthole inshuwalense.
Uma uvunyelwa ukuthola inshuwalense yokuqala, inkampani izogarantiya amathani athile (kukhona izindlela ezahlukene zokwenza lokhu). Kodwa inkampani ivikela 60 -65% kuphela yenani lomvuno. Isibonelo: masithi umvuno wakho wommbila ngeminyaka neminyaka wayefika kumathani amane (4) ehektheleni, futhi intengiso ingu-R1 500 ngethani (bese inani lenshuwalense lizoba R6 000 ehektheleni), inshuwalense izovikela 60% yalelo nani, kusho kuzoba R3 600 ehektheleni. Khumbula ukuthi sithe izindleko zizoba R4 500 ehektheleni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inshuwalense yakho izoba ngaphansi kwenani lezindleko.ehektheleni. Uma wena ungumbolekisi wemali yokuqala ukutshala, awungeke ubolekise umlimi imali, ngoba uyazi ukuthi uma kukhona "isenzo sikaNkulunkulu", umlimi angeke akwazi ukubuyisela leyo mali - nokho uma kukhona inshuwalense. Kufanele sikhumbule futhi inshuwalense iyadula - ngonyaka odlule abalimi abatshale ukolo eFreyistata Mpumalanga bakhokhe ngaphezu kwa-R850 ehektheleni ukuthola inshuwalense yokuqala.
Kukhona ziphi izinhlangano ezibolekisa abalimi abasakhulayo imali?
Ngengxoxo yangaphezulu sibonile ukuthi ukubolekisa imali kungaba into enezingozi futhi kukhona eziningi izinto ofanele ucabange ngazo uma ufuna ukuboleka. Zikhona izinhlangano ezizobolekisa imali uma baneqiniso ukuthi bazophinda bayithole futhi leyo mali. Abalimi bangaya kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo: Land Bank, ama-agribhizinisi (Senwes, OVK, NWK, MGK, GWK), amakoporasi (VKB), amabhange, izinhlangano ezithuthukisayo (Mpumalanga Agricultural Development Corporation -MADC, Uvimba Bank eEastern Cape), njll. Lezi zinhlangano azinaso isibopho sokubolekisa imali - zonke zinezimiso zabo. Ungaya kuzo ubuze ukuthi ziyini izidingo zazo.
Kwenzeka ini uma umlimi enesikwenetu esisele?
Ngeminyaka edlule kwenzeke kaningi ukuthi abalimi basebenza unyaka wonke, bayavuna bathengisa umvuno, kodwa ekugcineni konyaka, abayitholanga inzuzo ekwanele yokukhokhela izikwenetu zabo zokuqala ukukhiqiza. Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu, ngoba umlimi usebenze sonke lesi sikhathi kodwa akatholi lutho, futhi manje akanayo imali yokutshalela unyaka ozayo. Ukuphinda ukutshala futhi kungaba indlela eyodwa yokuzama ukuthola imali yokukhokhela isikwenetu esisele, kodwa nababolekisi abakwazi ukuqhubeka nje ukubolekisa imali.
Singathini ngale nkinga abalimi babhekene nayo?
Qinisa ukuthi wenze umsebenzi kusenesikhathi - ungalindi bese usebenza ngokujaha.
Wena ongumlimi uyigugu laseNingizimu Afrika - uboziqhenya ngoba usiza abantu bomhlaba ukuthola ukudla nezingubo zokugqoka!