Davor Džalto
Davor Džalto (; born 17 May 1980) is an artist, art historian, theologian and philosopher of Bosnian-Herzegovinian origin. Biography. Džalto was born in Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina. He graduated from the School of Art in Niš, Serbia. As an 18-year-old student he published his first book – "On Writing as an Artistic, Historical, Social and Cultural Phenomenon". His academic career started in Belgrade where he received an MA in art history from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy. He graduated with a thesis in art history, as the best student of the Faculty. Since 2007, he  has been a university professor of history and theory of art and of Orthodox Christian theology and religious studies. He has taught at various universities in Europe and the United States, including University of Prague, Indiana University, Fordham University in New York, and the University of Stockholm. Work. His academic work focuses on the exploration of human freedom and creativity, as metaphysical, political, and aesthetic concepts. He has been publishing in the fields of political philosophy, cultural studies, history and theory of art and theology, in English, Serbo-Croatian and German. He was a founding member and the art director  of the "Flexible Art Network", which explored relations between artworks, artists and the public; the president of the "Institute for the Study of Culture and Christianity"; and the vice president of the "Christian Cultural Center", promoting inter-religious and ecumenical dialogue. He has been vice president of the Christian Cultural Centre, whose activities he coordinated with Fr. Radovan Bigovic; and president of the Institute for the Study of Culture and Christianity. He has been commentator and contributor to regional and international liberal and left-wing media. on politics, religion, civic and academic freedoms and culture. He works in the media  of painting, printmaking, installations and interventions in space and performances. His artworks have been presented at numerous exhibitions. Impact. In the media and in the academic community he has been described as “the most important Orthodox thinker today”, "one of the most important thinkers today in the Orthodox world," and "one of the most important Orthodox thinkers in the world today." He contributed to the theory of creativity by exploring human creative capacities (most notably on the example of art) as an expression of the personal identity of the human being, having an existential importance. He was the first one  to formulate a theological argument (from an Orthodox Christian perspective) based on his analysis of modern and contemporary art (in particular the work of Marcel Duchamp, Richard Long, Joseph Kosuth and Andy Warhol). That way he contributed to the revision of the postmodernism, actualizing the question of the possibility and meaning of (human) ontological freedom and creation. He continued to further develop theological concepts of John Zizioulas and philosophical statements given by Nikolai Berdyaev, implementing them in the analysis of contemporary society. He also examines the concept of "simulacrum" in relation to the human person and its ability to create . Based on the "Aesthetik der Absenz", formulated in German-speaking art circles, he recognized and explained the phenomenon of "absence of body" in twentieth-century art. He contributed to Christian and, specifically, Orthodox Christian political theology with his understanding of anarchism as a political philosophy which focuses on the affirmation of human freedom against any institution or exercise of power. This shapes his approach to "Orthodox Christian anarchism," which he proposes as the only political philosophy which is consistent with Orthodox Christian anthropology and ontology. His approach to political theology is best exemplified in his book "Anarchy and the Kingdom  of God: From Eschatology to Orthodox Political Theology and Back", which has been described as "perhaps the best book on Christian anarchism since Jacques Ellul" and "a rich contribution to the burgeoning literature on political theology, and a particularly welcome perspective in the field of Orthodox political theology." He was involved in ecumenical and peace-building initiatives during his affiliation with the Pax Christi office in Belgrade and as part of the Christian Cultural Center. He has participated in a number of regional and international conferences and peace building initiatives that contributed to the promotion of peace, reconciliation, and ecumenical  dialogue. In 2007, his name appeared on a list of 100 most influential people of Serbian origin in the world, compiled by the daily "Blic". Response. Džalto’s positions on contemporary and recent political questions in the Balkans have been criticized in the media and in popular literature. Al-Jazeera commentators characterized him as providing “ideological guidance” to Noam Chomsky, for Chomsky’s position on a variety of political questions related to the Balkans, criticizing him for allegedly minimizing the negative role of the Serbs in the war conflicts of the 1990s. He has also been criticized by conservative and  pro-national circles in Serbia for having, allegedly, anti-Serbian and anti-(Orthodox) Church positions and activities. His alleged connections with anti-Orthodox and anti-Serbian circles in the West have been elaborated upon by Slobodan Stojicevic in his books and media appearances. He has also been under attack by conservative intellectuals and the media for his work on contributing to gender equality in the Balkans, dismissed as the attempt to "change the consciousness of the entire population of Serbia."