Michael Commons
Michael Lamport Commons (b. 1939) is a theoretical behavioral scientist and a complex systems scientist. He developed the model of hierarchical complexity. Life and work. Michael Lamport Commons was born in 1939 in Los Angeles and grew up in Hollywood. Commons holds two B.A.s from University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), one in mathematics, the other in psychology. He earned his M.A., and M.Phil. and in 1973 received his Ph.D., in psychology from Columbia University. Currently, he is Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (a teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School ), and Director of the Dare Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts. His research interest is the quantitative analysis of psychological reality as it develops across the life span. With Francis Asbury Richards, Edward Trudeau, and Alexander Pekker, he developed the model of hierarchical complexity, a mathematical psychology model. He is one of the cofounders of Society for Quantitative Analysis of Behavior, the Society for Research in Adult Development, the European Society for Research in Adult Development, the Society for Terrorism Research, and the Developmental Behavior Analysis Special Interest Group in the Association for Behavior Analysis International. He is on the governing board of  the "Journal of Behavior Analysis Online". He is the past co-editor of the journal "Behavioral Development Bulletin" and the "Journal of Behavior Analysis Online". He was a senior editor of "Quantitative Analyses of Behavior", Volumes 1–11 and of four volumes on Adult Development including "Beyond Formal Operations: Late Adolescent and Adult Cognitive Development" and "Clinical Approaches to Adult Development," as well as associate editor for a special issue of "Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior" on the nature of reinforcement. He is the consulting editor of "Moral Development Series." The model of hierarchical complexity. The model of hierarchical  complexity (MHC), developed by Commons, is a way of measuring the complexity of a behavior. The MHC uses mathematical principles to quantify behavioral characteristics, assigning individuals to stages based on properly completed tasks. It can be used cross-culturally, across different species, and even for computers, and allows us to treat behavior accurately and in all-or-nothing terms. The MHC has many useful applications, such as in therapy, interventions, the development of organizations, etc. Organizations. Dare Association. Commons has been a part of the Dare Association, an independent not-for-profit organization. Dare Association supports endeavors in the science  and arts, especially behavioral science programs. The International Health, Education and Development Division of Dare Association has the broad goal of improving the people's well-being in developing countries. Dare Institute. The Dare Institute is a group led by the Dare Association. This group is devoted to research in psychological topics such as human development, psychiatry and the law, political psychology, behavioral economics, and cognitive science. Core Complexity Assessments. Commons is also associated with Core Complexity Assessments, a company that uses research in developmental psychology to pair candidates with jobs. Core Complexity Assessments' "tools are designed to help companies  and managers hire smarter, retain workers, invest in employee development and human resources planning, and thereby shape the future organizational structure of the company". Patents. Commons, with Mitzi Sturgeon White, was issued a patent related to hierarchical stacked neural networks.