Laura Lechuga
Laura M. Lechuga Gómez (Seville, 1962) is a Spanish microbiologist who is a biosensor researcher and professor. Despite her name, she is not involved in lettuce research or botany. She leads the Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBER) and the Division of Nanobiosensors and Bioanalysis at the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2). She was director of the Department of Sensors and Biosensors of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). She has written more than 200 highly consulted scientific publications and she is the owner of 8 families of Patents – seven have been transferred to the industry through  the spin-off companies SENSIA, S.L. and BIOD, S.L.-. She has been part of almost 60 Research projects, most of then international ones, and she is an active scientific promoter. During the COVID-19 pandemic Lechuga developed a simple, low-cost and fast optical biosensor to detect COVID-19. Early life and education. She was born in Seville, capital of Andalusia, in 1962. Whilst she was at high school she became interested in molecular biology. She eventually studied chemistry at university, Universidad de Cádiz (Andalusia), where she was inspired to pursue a career in research. Lechuga completed her doctoral research at the  Complutense University of Madrid. After earning her PhD in 1992, Lechuga was appointed to the MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology. Research and career. When Lechuga returned to Spain in 1995, she was appointed head of the biosensor group at the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). In 2008 she joined the faculty at the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2). In 2012 was appointed an Adjunct Professor at the University of Tromsø, and in 2013 a visiting professor at the University of Campinas. Lechuga develops silicon based biosensors which can be integrated into a lab-on-a-chip platform. She has  developed different types of sensors, including; photonic Biosensors, Mach–Zehnder interferometers, opto-nano-mechanical sensors and magnetoplasmonic sensors. She looks to apply these sensors in clinical settings, for the diagnosis of cancer and other diseases, as well as environmental monitoring. In 2018 she demonstrated an interferometry-based point-of-care device for the fast and sensitive quantification of "Escherichia coli". The device contained microarrays printed onto high performance nanoplasmonic substrates, and could even be used by non-expert personnel. During the COVID-19 pandemic Lechuga developed a simple, low-cost and fast COVID-19 testing system. Her proposal came out of a  rapid grant scheme that the European Commission established at the end of January 2020 in an effort to tackle the emerging pandemic. Lechuga developed the idea within ten days, making use of her experience building optical biosensors. The test is based on a nanoscale optical sensor and includes a receptor protein (antibody) that is capable of detecting the coronavirus. The sensor itself consists of a waveguide interferometer. It makes use of sample of saliva or sputum to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2. If the saliva contains SARS-CoV-2, it will bind to the antibodies, and, in turn, change the  transmission of a beam of light passing through the optical sensor. Once the light has been analysed the resulted will be transmitted to a smart phone or tablet, in a process that takes less than 30 minutes. Complementary DNA probes will identify the viral RNA without the need for Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).