Heraldry of Columbia University
Columbia University represents itself using several symbols, including a university seal and a coat of arms. The seal was first adopted in 1755, shortly after the university's founding, and with few variations continues to be used today. The Columbia shield was adopted in 1949. Additionally, the individual schools of Columbia possess their own logos, most of which contain some variant on the King's Crown symbol. Exceptions to this rule include the College of Physicians and Surgeons, which in addition to a logo adopted a variant of the university seal, and the School of General  Studies, which inaugurated its own coat of arms based on the Columbia shield in 1950. University Seal. Description. The seal was described in its adoption as follows: The College is represented by a Lady sitting in a Throne or Chair of State, with Severall Children at her Knees to represent the Pupils, with I Peter II., 1, 2, &c., under them to express the Temper with which they should apply Themselves to seek for True Wisdom... One of the [New-born Babes] She takes by the hand with her left hand expressing her benevolent design of Conducting them to true  Wisdom and Virtue. To which purpose She holds open to the a Book in her right hand in which is [in] Greek letters "", the living or lively Oracles, which is the Epithet that St. Stephen gives to the Holy scriptures—Acts. 7:38. Out of her Mouth over her left Shoulder goes a Label with these words in Hebrew Letters [אוּרִיאֵל‎], God is my light; alluding to Ps. 27:1. expressing her Acknowledgment of God the Father of Lights, as the Fountain of all that Light, both Natural and Revealed with which She proposes to enlighten or instruct her Children or Pupils ; whereof the Sun rising under the Label is the Emblem or Hieroglyphic, alluding to that expression Mal. IV, 2., The Sun of Righteousness arising with healing in his Wings. Over her head is Jehovah [יהוה] in a Glory, the Beams coming triangularly to a Point near her head, with these words around her for her motto, In Lumine Tuo Videbimus Lumen—In thy light shall we see light Ps. 36:9. On the Edge around are engraved in Capitals, Sigillum Collegii Reg. Nov. Ebor. in America—The Seal of King's College at New York in America. The text around the  seal has changed multiple times to reflect changes in the university's status. Following American independence, the name of the university was changed from King's College to Columbia College. Under the Regents from 1784 to 1787, when Columbia served as the state university of New York, the text read , meaning "State University of New York". When Columbia reverted to being a private institution, the text was changed again to say , meaning "The Seal of Columbia College of New York". When Columbia was renamed again to Columbia University in 1896, however, the text around the seal was not changed. The  seal of the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons is identical to the one of the university, but contains an extra outer ring of text which reads . History. The seal was adopted by the Columbia University Board of Trustees on June 3, 1755, one year after the university's founding, making it Columbia's oldest symbol. It was designed by Columbia's first president, Samuel Johnson. The use of the seal is restricted to the trustees, and is used to authenticate its official acts. The seal appears in several places on Columbia's campus, notably on the floor  at the entrance of Low Memorial Library, on the back of the statue "Alma Mater", and in several locations in Butler Library. The depiction of the seal on the back of "Alma Mater" is supported by two infants holding torches, and has a King's Crown as a crest. Additionally, the seal is used as a decorative motif at the New York City Subway's 116th Street–Columbia University station. The Columbia seal is noted for its intricacy, and was the first instance in which both Latin and Greek (as well as Hebrew) were used on a college or university  seal. It may have served as an inspiration for the seal of Northwestern University, in its use of an open book with Greek text on it to signify the spread of knowledge. Coat of arms. The Columbia University coat of arms is the assumed heraldic achievement of Columbia University. Blazon. "Azure a chevron Argent between three king's crowns Or." History. The Columbia shield is one of the newer symbols of the university, having been adopted in 1949. It was designed by three men: Milton Halsey Thomas, the then curator of the university's archives; Phillip M. Hayden, the secretary  of the university; and Harold H. Booth, a specialist in heraldry, in order to create a symbol for the university that could be more freely used for decorative purposes than the seal. The blue and white of the official design are drawn from the traditional school colors, which were in turn taken from the Philolexian Society and Peithologian Society, respectively. The chevron was taken from the personal coat of arms of Samuel Johnson, while the crowns in the shield are the King's Crown, one of the oldest symbols of the university, which dates back to the school's pre -revolutionary royal origins as King's College. While the blazon describes the shield as "azure" (blue) with a "chevron Argent" (silver), more recent designs, also sanctioned by the university, depict the shield as blue with a Columbia blue chevron, and with white crowns instead of gold. Older depictions of the shield may also include as a crest a "lion's head erased or", a reference to the Columbia Lion. General Studies. The Columbia University School of General Studies possesses its own coat of arms, which was designed and adopted in 1950. It is described as"Azure a chevron Argent between a  king's crown, and owl, and a lion's head erased crowned Or."The motto underneath, "Lux in Tenebris Lucet", meaning "The light that shines in the darkness", signified that General Studies students attended classes during the night at the time of its adoption.