1st United States Congress
The 1st United States Congress, comprising the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives, met from March 4, 1789, to March 4, 1791, during the first two years of George Washington's presidency, first at Federal Hall in New York City and later at Congress Hall in Philadelphia. With the initial meeting of the First Congress, the United States federal government officially began operations under the new (and current) frame of government established by the 1787 Constitution. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the provisions of of  the Constitution. Both chambers had a Pro-Administration majority. Twelve articles of amendment to the Constitution were passed by this Congress and sent to the states for ratification; the ten ratified as additions to the Constitution on December 15, 1791, are collectively known as the Bill of Rights, with an additional amendment ratified more than two centuries later to become the Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution. Major legislation. Session 1. Held March 4, 1789, through September 29, 1789, at Federal Hall in New York City Session 2. Held January 4, 1790, through August 12, 1790, at Federal  Hall in New York City Session 3. Held December 6, 1790, through March 3, 1791, at Congress Hall in Philadelphia Party summary. There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record. Details on changes are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section. Senate. During this congress, two Senate seats were added for North Carolina and Rhode Island when each ratified the Constitution. House of Representatives. During this congress, five House seats were added for North Carolina and one House seat was added for  Rhode Island when they ratified the Constitution. Members. This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district. Senate. Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, all Senators were newly elected, and Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1790; Class 2 meant their term ended with the next  Congress, requiring re-election in 1792; and Class 3 meant their term lasted through the next two Congresses, requiring re-election in 1794. House of Representatives. The names of members of the House of Representatives are listed by their districts. Connecticut. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. New Hampshire. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. New Jersey. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Pennsylvania. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Changes in membership. There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of  similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record. New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island, were the last states to ratify the U.S. Constitution, and because of their late ratification, were unable to send full representation at the beginning of this Congress. Six Senators and nine Representatives were subsequently seated from these states during the sessions as noted. Senate. There was 1 resignation, 1 death, 1 replacement of a temporary appointee, and 6 new seats. The Anti-Administration Senators picked up 1 new seat and the Pro-Administration Senators picked up 5 new seats. House of Representatives. There  was 2 resignations, 1 death, and 6 new seats. Anti-Administration members picked up 3 seats and Pro-Administration members picked up 2 seats. Committees. Lists of committees and their party leaders.