Islip, New York
Islip ( ) is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. Located on the south shore of Long Island, the town population was 335,543 at the 2010 census, it is the fourth most populous City or Town in the state. The Town of Islip also contains a smaller, unincorporated hamlet and census-designated place named Islip. History. Matthias Nicoll relocated to New York from Islip, Northamptonshire, England, in 1664. His son, William Nicoll, became a royal patentee of the east end of what is now the Town of Islip, and his domain reached from East  Islip to Bayport and included Sayville, West Sayville, Oakdale, Great River, Islip Terrace, Central Islip, Hauppauge, Holbrook, Bohemia, Brentwood, Holtsville and a portion of Ronkonkoma. All of this land was bought from Winne-quaheagh, Sachem (chief) of Connetquot in 1683. The yearly fee paid to Governor Thomas Dongan of New York was five bushels of quality winter wheat or 25 shillings. Other early land patentees were Andrew Gibb (Islip Hamlet), John Mowbray (Bay Shore, originally Awixa), Stephan Van Cortlandt (Sagtikos Manor), and Thomas Willets (West Islip). By 1710, the colonial government passed an act to enable the precinct of Islip  in the County of Suffolk to elect two assessors, a collector, a constable and a supervisor. The people had a voice. Growth, however, remained at a standstill until the Revolutionary War ended when, in the 17 years that followed, there was more progress than in the 50 years preceding. This activity was partly due to the impact of American shipping. By 1825, it was necessary to install a Fire Island light across the Great South Bay and regular ferry service between Bay Shore and Fire Island began in 1862. In 1867[?] the Long Island Rail Road came to Islip and  the first depot was built. People were discovering Islip and the tourist trade soon took hold. Tourism brought much wealth into the area and business sprung up to service the hotels that began to dot the landscape. Some of those tourists stayed on and built summer homes, thus the vacationers and the town seemed to enjoy a mutual prosperity. But the old guard was changing. Early in the 20th century, diesel-powered ferries replaced the whale boats while housing developments and small manufacturing firms sprang up on the sites of old farms. Like the rest of the country, Islip and  all of Long Island suffered during the Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression. When the veterans returned home from World War II, there was a housing shortage in New York City, but a rebirth on Long Island. Within a decade following the end of the war, Islip began to turn from a bucolic farming community into a bustling suburb, becoming what was once described as a "bedroom" of New York City. The influx of people was tremendous - from 71,000 in 1950 to 280,000 in 1970. Then, as growth continued eastward on Long Island, the pace in Islip slowed. In  1987, the 430 tons of ash that resulted from incineration of the cargo of the "Mobro 4000" "Garbage Barge" was added to the landfill in Islip. In response to the garbage barge incident, the Town of Islip developed Keep Islip Clean, WRAP, and other environmentally friendly initiatives to help bolster its image. These acts resulted in one of the first comprehensive recycling programs in the United States. Demographics. At the 2000 census, there were 322,612 people, 98,936 households and 78,555 families residing in the town. The population density was 3,064.5 per square mile (1,183.1/km). There were 104,278 housing units  at an average density of 990.5 per square mile (382.4/km). The racial makeup of the town was 77.25% White, 9.02% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 2.17% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 8.32% from other races, and 2.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.16% of the population. There were 98,936 households, of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.6% were non-families. 16.2% of all households were made up of  individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.22 and the average family size was 3.55. 27.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.1 males. According to a 2006 estimate, the median household income was $ 78,991, and the median family income was $86,190. Males had a median income of $49,069 versus $33,660 for females. The per capita income for the town was $29,699. About 4.1% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over. Geography and climate. Geography. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 163.1 square miles (422.5 km), of which 105.3 square miles (272.7 km) is land and 57.8 square miles (149.8 km) (35.46 %) is water. The Town of Islip has the following boundaries: to the west, the Town of Babylon (at approximately route 231); to the east, the Town of Brookhaven (at approximately Nicoll's Road); to the north, the Town of Smithtown (at approximately the Long Island Expressway); and to the south, the Atlantic Ocean. The town includes part of Fire Island and the Great South Bay. Climate. Under the Köppen climate classification, Islip has a humid continental climate ("Dfa"), with some maritime influence, or under the threshold a humid subtropical climate ("Cfa"); it is part of USDA hardiness zone 7a. The  normal average monthly temperature ranges from in January to in July; on average, there are 16.3 afternoons where the temperature remains at or below freezing and 8.3 afternoons with a high at or above annually; the last year to not reach the latter mark was 2014. Temperatures below or above are rare, and were last seen respectively on January 7, 2018 at and July 22, 2011 at . The record low is , set on February 13, 1967, while the record high is , set on July 3, 1966. Precipitation averages annually, and is somewhat evenly distributed throughout the year, though March and  April are the wettest months in terms of total precipitation. Snowfall averages per year, falling almost entirely from November to April. On August 12 and 13, 2014, a new 24-hour precipitation record for the state of New York was set at , including in 9 minutes during the morning of August 12. This caused flooding on the Southern State Parkway, Sunrise Highway and other area thoroughfares. Government and politics. Islip is governed by a Town Supervisor, a position which is similar to that of a Mayor, and four council members. The council is elected on an at-large basis. Additionally , a Town Clerk and Receiver of Taxes are both duly elected. All of the elected officials serve staggered four year terms. Elections are held on odd years, except when special elections are held pursuant to state law. The current supervisor is Angie Carpenter, a Republican, who was formerly the Suffolk County Treasurer. Carpenter succeeded Tom Croci after he was elected to the New York State Senate in 2015. The town board has jurisdiction over governmental affairs within the town's boundaries, excluding incorporated villages which have their own local governments. Such things include passing a budget and enacting new laws . The town had a long history of control by the Republican Party; punctuated by two years in 1967. In 1969, the Republicans returned to local power for another 38 years until the 2007 elections gave the Democrats control of the town board. In 2006, Republican Supervisor Peter McGowan resigned due to charges of misuse of campaign funds. In the ensuing special election Phil Nolan, a Democrat, won the supervisor seat. The next year in 2007 Supervisor Nolan ran for his first full term in office with running mates John Edwards and Gene Parrington. All three were elected town-wide and  the three Democrats took control of the Town Board for the first time since 1967. In 2009, new voter registration skewed slightly towards the Democratic Party for the first time in the history of the Town of Islip. In the 2009 elections, Islip Republicans gained one seat with the election of former News 12 personality Trish Bergin, and the re-election of Councilman Steven Flotteron; leaving the Democrats with a one-seat majority. The 2011 election witnessed the continued comeback of the Republican Party in Islip. Tom Croci, a veteran running in his first election, led an energized campaign that  upset incumbent Supervisor Nolan. In addition, the rest of the Republican ticket was swept into office. Anthony Senft Jr. and John Cochrane Jr. became councilmen, replacing Gene Parrington and John Edwards. Olga Murray became Town Clerk, and Alexis Weik became Receiver of Taxes. In 2018, four residents sued the town for violating the Voting Rights Act of 1965 by maintaining a discriminatory at-large council system. One-third of Islip's population is Hispanic, but only one person of color has ever been elected to a town seat. As part of the settlement reached in 2020, the at-large system  will be abolished and replaced by four council districts by 2023. Economy. CA Technologies is based in Islandia. NBTY is based in Ronkonkoma. Sigma Corporation is based in Ronkonkoma. Communities and locations. "Note: ✝ Denotes area is on Fire Island" Transportation. Airports. Long Island MacArthur Airport and the New York Air Route Traffic Control Center, located in the Town of Islip, are both in the hamlet of Ronkonkoma. A smaller rural airport known as Bayport Aerodrome also exists within the town used for antique aircraft. Railroad lines. The Long Island Rail Road's Montauk Branch is one of two lines  running through the town spanning between the Village of Babylon and the Hamlet of Blue Point in the Town of Brookhaven, with stations from Bay Shore through Sayville. The other line is the Main Line which runs through the northern part of the town with stations in Brentwood, Central Islip and Ronkonkoma, which not only serves as a major transportation hub, but is also located on the Islip-Brookhaven Town Line. Bus service. The Town of Islip is served entirely by Suffolk County Transit bus routes. Ferries. Passenger ferries depart to Fire Island from Bay Shore and Sayville, which lead  to communities both in the Towns of Islip and Brookhaven. Bay Shore has terminals for Fire Island ferries, serving Atlantique, Dunewood, Fair Harbor, Kismet, Ocean Bay Park, Ocean Beach, Saltaire, and Seaview, and smaller hamlets. They are located at the southernmost end of Maple Avenue. Some daily ferries to Atlantique also make a stop at the Bay Shore Marina, which is across the canal from the Maple Avenue ferries. Sayville's ferry terminals lead to the communities of Cherry Grove and Fire Island Pines, both popular vacation communities for LGBT New Yorkers, as well as to Sailors Haven, which is  located within the Sunken Forest Visitor's Center.