The Passing Show
The Passing Show was a musical revue in three acts, billed as a "topical extravaganza", with a book and lyrics by Sydney Rosenfeld and music by Ludwig Engländer and various other composers. It featured spoofs of theatrical productions of the past season. The show was presented in 1894 by George Lederer at the Casino Theatre. It was one of the first musical revues on Broadway and led the fashion for such productions. The Casino Theatre produced a revue each summer thereafter for several seasons. In 1912, Lee and Jacob J. Shubert began an annual series of elaborate  Broadway revues using the name "The Passing Show of 19XX", designed to compete with the popular Ziegfeld Follies. Original 1894 version. Although a few entertainments that could be called revues had already been presented by such showmen as John Brougham, "The Passing Show" was the first American revue to use the term, spelling it "review". Its now-familiar structure was to use a thin story line to link together songs and sketches. The show was choreographed by Barney Fagan and Augusto Francioli. The revue opened at the Casino Theatre on May 12, 1894 and ran for 145 performances before touring  in the US. The piece burlesqued theatrical productions of the past season. Among many other sketches, Paul Arthur spoofed Henry Miller, Adele Ritchie portrayed the singer Rosamund, Gus Pixley parodied Rummel, Grace Filkins parodied Rose Coghlan, Mrs. Kendal and Ada Rehan, and Mabel Stephenson appeared as Hannele in a parody of the Kilyani films. John E. Henshaw and Queenie Vassar (later replaced by Madge Lessing) played, respectively, the character Laf Quickstep and Chollie Keal. The songs (by Rosenfeld and Englander, except as noted) included: "The New York Times" review of the show noted, "We do not know what a topical  extravaganza is; neither do they." The paper wrote that the show contained "elements of amusement" and "a momentary glance at most of the interesting entertainments" of the winter season. "There was a good deal of really pretty music by Mr. Englander, and some of Mr. Rosenfeld's lines were bright. But there were great wearisome spaces of emptiness..." Section::::"The Passing Show", 1912 to 1924. The title of the show was later used by Lee and Jacob J. Shubert for an annual series of Broadway revues from 1912 to 1924 (except 1920). These were elaborate productions designed to compete with the  popular Ziegfeld Follies, which had begun in 1907. Several of these featured music of Sigmund Romberg, George Gershwin, Al Sherman or Herman Finck and were presented at the Winter Garden Theatre. Willie and Eugene Howard starred in many editions of the series. Other stars included Charlotte Greenwood, Marilyn Miller, Ed Wynn, De Wolf Hopper, Charles Winninger, Fred Astaire and his sister Adele, Marie Dressler and Fred Allen. Among the famous songs first sung in the series were "Pretty Baby" (1916) and "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" (1918). A planned revival of the series in the 1940s did not make it  out of tryouts. Most of the librettos for the series were written by Harold R. Atteridge, the Shuberts' in‐house librettist, who created over forty musicals for them (many starring Al Jolson). Most of the Shubert shows were staged by J. C. Huffman.