Clorinda Matto de Turner) and was called the 'spark'. However, on consultation with its alumnae, the college decided to continue to use its arms in official materials. Buildings. Like many of the other Cambridge colleges, Murray Edwards College was not built all at one time but expanded as the need arose, over several time periods. The college therefore has several accommodation blocks of differing styles. In order of construction: The first buildings of the college on Huntingdon Road were designed by the architects, Chamberlin, Powell and Bon, and are listed Grade II* (particularly important buildings of more than special interest). This includes: Gardens. The 	Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
27879867	college gardens have an informal style, initially planned and planted by the first president, Dame Rosemary Murray. The gardens include a greenhouse originally belonging to the estate of the Darwin family, where banana plants are now grown during the winter months. In 2007, Murray Edwards College (then New Hall) became the first Cambridge College to participate in the RHS Chelsea Flower Show. The theme of the presented garden was the Transit of Venus, and was awarded a Bronze Flora medal in the Chic Garden Category. After the show, this garden was recreated in a slightly larger form and is now 	Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
27879868	displayed beside the library. As part of the Cambridge tradition of May Week, the college hosts an annual garden party that is popular with students from across the university. The garden party features a new theme each year and is well received by those in attendance. In Michaelmas (the Autumn/ Winter term), the college celebrates 'Apple Day' in the gardens, a day of autumnal activities such as apple picking, cooking, crafting and bonfires. The students at Murray Edwards are encouraged to enjoy the gardens and walk on the lawns, meaning it is common to spot students sunbathing, studying, taking picnics 	Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
27879869	or even relaxing on the small beach that is erected in the Summer. The gardens are maintained by professional staff, and recently also by fellows and students. Since 2012, gardening allotments have been provided for fellows, undergraduates and postgraduates for growing herbs and vegetables, in addition to the flowers and herbs already planted by the gardeners. Studentships. The college maintains a fund for graduate research, including the Stephan Körner graduate studentship for studies in philosophy, classics or law. Women's Art Collection. Murray Edwards is home to the Women's Art Collection (known until 2022 as the New Hall Art 	Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
27879870	Collection), the largest collection of women's art in Europe, and the second largest in the world (the largest being the National Museum of Women in the Arts in Washington, D.C.). The artwork can be seen throughout College, and students are encouraged to request pieces to be brought into their bedrooms as decoration. The New Hall Art Collection was started in the early 1990s, when New Hall had few pieces of art and most of them were portraits of old gentleman. The college president wrote to 100 women artists and asked each to donate one piece of art, and more 	Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
27879871	than 75% of the artists approached agreed to give a piece of work. Donations have continued since, and the Art Collection now contains work by many famous women artists, including: Murray Edwards College, Cambridge Murray Edwards College is a women-only constituent college of the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1954 as New Hall. In 2008, following a donation of £30 million by alumna Ros Edwards and her husband Steve, it was renamed Murray Edwards College, honouring its first President, Rosemary Murray and the donors. History. New Hall was founded in 1954, housing sixteen students in Silver 	Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
27879872	Clorinda Matto de Turner Clorinda Matto de Turner Clorinda Matto de Turner (11 September 1852 in Cusco – 25 October 1909) was a Peruvian writer who lived during the early years of Latin American independence. Her own independence inspired women throughout the region as her writings sparked controversy in her own culture. Early life and education. She was born and raised in Cuzco, Peru. Matto de Turner's father was Ramón Mato Torres and her mother was Grimanesa Concepción Usandivares. When her mother died, she became known as Azucena de los Andes" ("Lily of the Andes") throughout the region. Matto de Turner was baptized Grimanesa  Martina Mato, but was called Clorinda among her friends and family. She originally had one "T" in her last name, but after studying the Inca culture she added the extra "T" to give the name an Inca flavor. Growing up in Cuzco, the former Inca capital, Matto spent most of her days on her family's estate, Paullo Chico, which is near the village of Coya. As a teenager, Matto attended the school that is now known as the Escuela Nacional de Educandas (National Women’s Secondary School). There she took some very unconventional courses that were viewed as unfeminine  in the culture. She majored in independent studies, which included Philosophy, Natural History, and Physics. Matto left school at the age of sixteen to spend more time taking care of her brother and father. Career. In 1871, at the age of 19, Matto married an Englishman, Dr. Turner, a wealthy landowner. Shortly after their marriage they moved to Tinta, where they lived for 10 years. In Tinta, Matto de Turner became more aware of Peru’s two histories: the colonial and the Inca. She became very familiar with indigenous culture, and the more she learned, the more she embraced it . Much of her writing is inspired by what she learned from her acquaintance with this culture. She found work as a journalist, with local and foreign papers. In 1878, Matto de Turner founded "El Recreo de Casco", a magazine offering literature, science, art and education. She became known for literary works that portrayed indigenous people in a positive light, in contrast to the mainstream views of her society. Even though she was of white ancestry, she did not agree with the oppressive treatment of Peru's indigenous peoples, and she used her writings to speak out on their behalf. Matto  de Turner also used her writings to campaign for better education for women. In 1881, her husband died, leaving the estate bankrupt. Unable to improve her financial situation in Tinta, Matto de Turner moved to Arequipa where she worked as editor in chief at the newspaper "La Bolsa Americana". While there she published two volumes of "tradiciones cuzqueñas," one in 1884 and another in 1886. She also wrote the drama "Himacc-Suacc" (1884) and translated the four Gospels into Quechua, a language spoken by the indigenous people in Peru. Besides her literary works she also got involved in politics, and  raised money for the development of the battleship "Almirante Grau". Matto de Turner eventually moved from Tinta to live in Lima, although with her political and controversial writings she often thought it would be safer to live outside of Peru. In Lima she joined many different literary organizations and publications. In 1887, Matto de Turner became director of "El Peru Ilustrado", where she published many of her novels. She published three novels between 1889 and 1895: "Aves Sin Nido" (Birds Without a Nest), "Indole" (Character), and "Herencia" (Heredity). These novels talk about the indigenous people getting stripped of all their  civil rights as well as getting persecuted by the community and the self-indulgent priests. Matto de Turner's most famous novel was "Aves Sin Nido" (1889). This novel was controversial because it was about a love affair between a white man and an indigenous woman, which was considered a disgrace among Latin American society during this time, and because it spoke of the immorality of the priests during that period. The reason the characters in the novel couldn’t marry was because they eventually learned that they were both fathered by the same philandering priest. "Aves Sin Nido" was  not Matto de Turner's only controversial work. She also published a controversial story written by a Brazilian writer by the name of Henrique Coelho Neto in her newspaper, "El Perú Illustrado". Her controversial writings led to her excommunication by the Archbishop. In 1895, she moved to Buenos Aires, Argentina, where she continued her literary activities. In 1900, she wrote "Boreales, Miniaturas y Porcelanas" (Northerners, Miniatures, and Porcelain) a collection of essays which includes "Narraciones históricas," an important historiographical contribution that shows her deep sorrow at being exiled from Peru and her longing to return. In Buenos Aires Matto de  Turner founded "Búcaro Americano"; she also gave numerous public lectures and wrote many articles for the press. Matto de Turner spent most of her time teaching at a local university as a Professor. In 1908, when she visited Europe for the first time in her life, she made sure to carefully document this in the book "Viaje de Recreo" (Trip of Amusement). The book was released in newspapers upon her death in 1909. Clorinda Matto de Turner Clorinda Matto de Turner (11 September 1852 in Cusco – 25 October 1909) was a Peruvian writer who lived during the early years of