Yintoni iNzululwazi Yezobupolitika? - Intshayelelo
Ucwaningo lwezesayensi lulwazi ngoorhulumente kuzo zonke iifom kunye nemiba yazo, zombini. Kwakuba yisebe yefilosofi, isayensi yezopolitiko namhlanje ibizwa ngokuba yintsimi yesayensi. Iimanyunivesithi ezininzi eziqinisekisiweyo zinezikolo ezihlukeneyo, amasebe, kunye nophando olwenzelwe ukufundisisa iingongoma eziphambili kwisayensi yezopolitiko. Imbali yolwalathiso isondele ngokukhawuleza ukuba yinto yoluntu.
Iingcambu zaso kwisiko laseNtshona ziqheleke ngabanye kwimisebenzi yePlato kunye no- Aristotle , ebaluleke kakhulu kwiRiphabliki kunye nezopolitiko ngokulandelana.
Amasebe eNzululwazi yezopolitiko
Inzululwazi yezombusazwe inamalungu amaninzi. Ezinye ziyingcali, kubandakanya i-Political Philosophy, Economics Politics, okanye iMbali kaRhulumente; Abanye banomxholo odibeneyo, njengamaLungelo oluntu, iiPolitiki zeNtlukwano, uLawulo loLuntu, uLonxibelelwano kwezoPolitiko, kunye neNkqubo zoLwaphulo; Ekugqibeleni, amanye amasebe asebenzisana nentshukumo yesayensi yezopolitiko, njenge-Learning Based Based Learning, uMgaqo-nkqubo weeDolophu, kunye nabaPhathiswa kunye nezoPolitiko. Naliphi na umgangatho kwisayensi yezopolitiko kuya kufuneka ukuba i-balance balance courses zihambelana nezi zifundo; kodwa impumelelo yenzululwazi yezopolitiko kwimbali yakutshanje yenkalo ephakamileyo ibuye ngenxa yokuziphatha kwayo.
Yiyiphi ilungiselelo lezopolitiko elifanelekileyo kuluntu olunikeziweyo? Ngaba kukho indlela ebalulekileyo yoorhulumente apho uluntu wonke uluntu lufanele luthande kwaye, ukuba kukho, yintoni na? Yiyiphi imigaqo ekufuneka ikhuthaze inkokeli yezopolitiko? Le mibuzo kunye nemiba enxulumene nayo iye yahlala kwindawo yokubonakalisa ifilosofi yezopolitiko.
Ngokubhekiselele kwimbono yasendulo yesiGrike , ukufuna isakhiwo esifanelekileyo se-State yinjongo yokugqibela yefilosofi.
Kuzo zombini uPlato no-Aristotle, kuphela kwimeko yoluntu ehlelwe kakuhle kwezopolitiko ukuba umntu angayifumana inenelo. I-Plato, ukusebenza kwe-State kufana nomnye womphefumlo womntu. Umphefumlo unamalungu amathathu: ingqiqo, ngokomoya, kwaye inqwenela; ngoko uMbuso unamalungu amathathu: igumbi elilawulayo, elihambelana nenxalenye yengqiqo yomphefumlo; abancedisayo, ngokuhambelana nxalenye yokomoya; kunye neklasi evelisayo, ehambelana nenxalenye yesondlo. IPhabhliki yasePlato ixoxa ngeendlela apho u-Rhulumente angakwazi ukuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngokwenza oko uPlato ufuna ukufundisa isifundo ngokubhekiselele kumntu ofanelekileyo ukuqhuba ubomi bakhe. U-Aristotle wagxininisa ngaphezu kwePlato ukuxhomekeka phakathi komntu kunye noRhulumente: kumgaqo-siseko wezinto eziphilayo ukubandakanya ukuhlala kwintlalo kwaye kuphela kwintlalo eqhuba kakuhle esinokuziqonda ngokupheleleyo njengabantu. Abantu "yizilwanyana zezopolitiko."
Ininzi zefilosofi zaseNtshona kunye neenkokheli zezopolitiko zathatha uPlato kunye no-Aristotle imibhalo njengemizekelo yokuqulunqa izimvo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo.
Phakathi kwemizekelo edumileyo yi-British Hobpie uThomas Hobbes (1588-1679) kunye nomntu we-Florentine wesintu uNiccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527). Uludwe lwabantu bezopolitiko bexesha langoku abathi bafunyanwa nguPlato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, okanye iHobbes.
Politics, Economics, kunye noMthetho
Izopolitiko zihlala zixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwizoqoqosho: xa uorhulumente omtsha kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo imisiwe, amalungiselelo amatsha amashishini athatyathwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye athathwe ngokukhawuleza emva koko. Ukufunda isayensi yezopolitiko, ngoko, kufuna ukuqonda imigaqo-siseko yezoqoqosho. Iingcamango zengxoxo zingenziwa ngokumalunga nolwalamano phakathi kwezopolitiko kunye nomthetho. Ukuba songeza ukuba siphila kwihlabathi elihlabathini, kubonakala ukuba inzululwazi yezopolitiko idinga ukujonga umhlaba jikelele kunye nokukwazi ukuthelekisa iinkqubo zezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho nezomthetho kwihlabathi jikelele.
Mhlawumbi umgaqo oshukumisayo kunokuba yiyiphi imidemokhrasi yanamhlanje ihlelwe ngumgaqo wokwahlula kwamagunya: umthetho, isigqeba, kunye nezobugwebi. Le ntlangano ilandela ukuphuhliswa kwepolitiki ngexesha lokukhanya, ininzi idumileyo yombuso welizwe ophuhliswe ngumfilosofi waseFransi uMontesquieu (1689-1755).
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