Belarusian Scout Association
The Belarusian Scout Association (ABS, , transliterated "Ab'yadnannye Belaruskikh Skaǔtaǔ") is one of the nationwide Scouting organizations in Belarus. The association was founded in 1991 and liquidated in 2005 by the Supreme Court of Belarus, but still continues to operate. In 1995, the association served about 1,500 members. History and program. The Belarusian Scout Association is an independent non-profit organization of children, youth and adults, descended from traditions of the World Scout Movement and from the Belarusian Scout troops and Belarusian Scout Association Abroad (BSAA; "Аб`яднання Беларускiх Скаўтаў за мяжой", АБСМ), which existed from 1945 to 1951  in Germany. The Belarusian Scout Association was founded in 1991 by a small group of people from various cities, based in Minsk, officially registered in April, 1992, and had approximately 1,500 members as of 1995. Groups existed in the capital, as well as Baranavichy, Buiki, Homyel, Hrodna, Rahačoŭ, Ruba, and Vileika. The chairperson in 1998 was Nikolai Grakov. Critics of the pro-Russian Belarusian Republican Scout Association saw it as a government mouthpiece and direct descendant of the communist Pioneers, whitewashed for western consumption. Hence, the dissident, Belarusian and democratically oriented Belarusian Scout Association had stayed separate, and largely underground  due to political constraints. The ABS bought a country house to use as a camping center and organized regional camps there in the summer of 2003. One of the ABS regional newsletters became a citywide school paper with around 1000 circulation, as of 2004. The association was liquidated in 2005 by the Supreme Court of Belarus, but still continues to operate. The Scout Motto of ABS is "Напагатове!" ("Napahatove!"), "Be Prepared" in the Belarusian language. The Belarusian noun for a single Scout is "Скаўт". The official language of ABS is Belarusian. The Scout emblem incorporates the Cross of Lorraine, due  to its appearance in the former national coat of arms of Belarus, the Pahonia.