Charles W. Gilmore
Charles Whitney Gilmore (March 11, 1874 – September 27, 1945) was an American paleontologist who gained renown in the early 20th century for his work on vertebrate fossils during his career at the United States National Museum (now the National Museum of Natural History). Gilmore named many dinosaurs in North America and Mongolia, including the Cretaceous sauropod "Alamosaurus", "Alectrosaurus", "Archaeornithomimus", "Bactrosaurus", "Brachyceratops", "Chirostenotes", "Mongolosaurus", "Parrosaurus", "Pinacosaurus", "Styracosaurus ovatus" (now "Rubeosaurus") and "Thescelosaurus". Career. Gilmore was working as a paleontologist for the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in 1901 when he found the skeleton of a young sauropod, which  was classified the following year as an "Apatosaurus". In 1903 Gilmore was hired by the United States National Museum (now the National Museum of Natural History), part of the Smithsonian Institution. His first assignment there was to work on the vast O. C. Marsh collection amassed during the Bone Wars; the fossils had been transferred from Yale University's new Peabody Museum of Natural History after the collection outgrew the smaller museum's storage capacity. Gilmore and assistant preparator Norman H. Boss, who later became Chief Preparator at the museum, mounted a complete "Edmontosaurus" in 1903. Together they built the  world's first mounted "Triceratops" skeleton, which went on display in 1905. In May 1907, Gilmore headed an expedition to Alaska to search for fossils of Pleistocene vertebrates. Gilmore was named Custodian of Fossil Reptiles in 1908, and settled in the Park View neighborhood at 451 Park Road, NW. In 1923 Gilmore and Boss collected a "Diplodocus longus" in Dinosaur National Monument, Utah. Under Gilmore's direction, the specimen was mounted and displayed at the National Museum of Natural History in 1931, where the specimen proved the museum's most popular exhibit for the next 20 years. The museum promoted  Gilmore to Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology in 1924. Gilmore led sixteen expeditions to collect vertebrate fossils during his tenure as Curator. While much of his work was concentrated in Utah and Wyoming, he led an excavation of Montana's Two Medicine Formation in 1913, returning for further work in 1928 and again in 1935. As Curator, Gilmore was often asked to identify fossils brought to the museum by the public. In 1938, he examined fossilized teeth discovered by a limestone quarrying operation and identified them as rare Pleistocene fossils of tapir, bear, and an extinct North American lion. A prolific  writer, Gilmore published 170 scientific papers during his career, including monographic studies on the osteology of "Apatosaurus" and "Camptosaurus" and the osteology of carnivorous and armored dinosaurs. As well as describing new dinosaurs, Gilmore wrote several monographs, including a 1914 monograph on "Stegosaurus", a 1920 monograph on carnivorous dinosaurs, a 1936 review of "Apatosaurus", as well as a more focused 1925 study of the Carnegie juvenile "Camarasaurus". Gilmore retired from the Smithsonian in 1945, and died on September 27 that year. He was buried on September 29, 1945 at Arlington National Cemetery. The scientific names of "Gilmoremys" (an extinct soft -shelled turtle named in 2011), "Shuangmiaosaurus gilmorei" (an herbivorous dinosaur named in 2003), "Richardoestesia gilmorei" (a bipedal dinosaur named in 1990), and "Gilmoreosaurus" (a disputed dinosaur genus named in 1979) honor Gilmore's contributions to vertebrate paleontology.