A comparative analysis of urban growth and development in traditional authority and non-traditional areas : the case of Rustenburg and Mahikeng municipalities in the North West Province, South Africa
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Urban areas in South Africa have been growing rapidly over the last twenty years. The focus of the study is comparing the growth and development of those parts of cities located in traditional authority (TA) areas in relation to areas that do not fall within the traditional authorities. This study draws comparisons of the urban development and growth of the intermediate cities of Rustenburg and Mahikeng in the North West province The study uses ward level census data for 1996, 2001 and 2011 aligned to census 2011 boundaries. The three dimensions of growth and development evaluated in the study include a range of socio-demographic, housing and basic services, and density indicators. The study deploys descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis in comparing the variation between tribal and non-tribal areas. Statistically significant differences in the levels of development were only identified in 7 of the 17 indicators considered, and significant differences in the rate of change in only 4 of the 17 indicators. Development dimensions where TA wards had statistically significant higher values than non TA wards are the proportion of households living in formal housing (1996 & 2001), percentage female headed households (1996) and unemployment rate (1996). Non-TA wards had statistically significant higher values compared to TA wards for the percentage households with access to piped water (1996), percentage households with access to sanitation (1996, 2001 & 2011), the percentage households living in informal housing (2001 and 2011) and informal housing density (2001 and 2011). Statistically significant differences in the growth rates were only identified in the percentage households living in formal housing, population density, formal housing density, and informal housing density indicators (where the rates of increase of non-tribal areas were statistically significantly higher than in tribal areas. The results of the study thus revealed only limited statistically significant differences in the level and rate of growth for TA and none TA areas based on the indicators considered.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Stedelike gebiede in Suid-Afrika het hoë groeikoerse ondervind oor die afgelope twintig jaar. Die fokus van hierdie studie is om die tempo van groei en ontwikkeling van daardie dele van stede geleë in tradisionele owerhede te vergelyk met die van areas in die stede wat nie binne tradisionele owerhede val nie. Hierdie studie vergelyk die stedelike ontwikkeling en groei van die intermediêre stede van Rustenburg en Mahikeng in die Noordwes-provinsie. Die studie maak gebruik van wykvlak sensus data vir 1996, 2001 en 2011 belyn met die sensus 2011 grense. Indikators van drie dimensies van ontwikkeling word gebruik; sosio-ekonomies, behuising en basiese dienste, en digtheid. Die studie maak gebruik van beskrywende analise en meerveranderlike statistiese metodes om die variasie tussen tradisionele owerheidsgebiede en nie-tradisionele gebiede met mekaar te vergelyk. Statistiese beduidende verskille tussen die vlakke van ontwikkeling in tradisionele en nie-tradisionele wyke is slegs in 7 van die 17 indikatore geïdentifiseer, en beduidende verskille in die tempo van groei in 4 van die 17 indikatore. Aspekte van ontwikkeling waar tradisionele areas statistiese beduidende hoër waardes het as nie-tradisionele gebiede is die persentasie huishoudings in formele behuising (1996 &2001), persentasie huishoudings met vroulike huishoudingshoofde (1996) en werkloosheidskoers (1996). Nie-tradisionele wyke het beduidende hoer waardes vir persentasie huishoudings met toegang tot gepypte water (1996), persentasie huishoudings met toegang tot sanitasie (1996, 2001 & 2011), persentasie huishoudings in informele behuising (2001 and 2011), en informele behuisingsdightheid (2001 and 2011). Statisties beduidende verskille tussen die groeikoerse is slegs geïdentifiseer in die persentasie huishoudings in formele behuising, bevolkingsdigtheid, formele behuisingsdigtheid, en informele behuisingsdigtheid (waar die groeikoerse van nie-tradisionele areas statisties beduidend hoër isDie resultate van die studie toon dus dat dat daar slegs beperkte statisties beduidende verskille is in die vlak en tempo van groei tussen tradisionele en nie-tradisionele gebiede.
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n Antropometriese ondersoek gedoen op skooldogters van 6-16 jaar op Rustenburg ﻿
Nel, Leonora(Leonora Elizabeth) (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1946)