Mitsuteru Yokoyama
Early life. Yokoyama spent his boyhood during World War II and was evacuated to Tottori with his family. He graduated from Kobe municipal Ota junior high school and went on to the Kobe municipal Suma high school. Osamu Tezuka's "Metropolis" made a deep impression on Yokoyama who wished to become a manga artist in earnest and so he contributed his works to a comic book in his high school days. He entered the Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation after graduation from high school, but quit his job before five months passed because there was no time to draw  a manga. He found a new job as a publicity department member for a movie company based in Kobe and pursued his manga artist career on his free time. Career. Yokoyama came out with the book "" for his manga artist début, which caught Osamu Tezuka's attention. In 1955, Yokoyama had a title serialized in the magazine "Shōjo" for the first time, "". In 1956, "Tetsujin 28-go" appeared serially in the "shōnen" magazine after he resigned from the movie company. "Tetsujin 28-go" became a popular work equal to Tezuka's "Astro Boy" and its animated adaptation also made a  smashing success. This prompted Yokoyama to become a full-time manga artist and to move to Tokyo the same year. In 1964, he established "Hikari Production", an incorporated company. Making good use of his vast exposure to movies during his previous job, he produced consecutive popular hits in various genres, both in comics and anime, such as , "Akakage", "Sally the Witch", "Giant Robo", "Babel II" and so on. With the writing of "" (1967–1971) and "Yokoyama Mitsuteru Sangokushi" ("Records of Three Kingdoms") (1971–1986), he began a new chapter in his career as he drew mostly comics based on original stories with  material from China's and Japan's History. In 1991, "Yokoyama Mitsuteru Sangokushi" won the prize for excellence from the Japan Cartoonist Association and an animated version was broadcast on TV Tokyo. In July 1997, Yokoyama was hospitalized with myocardial infarction and had an operation. He returned to work in next year March. In 2004, while under medical treatment, Yokoyama won the MEXT Prize of the Japan Cartoonist Association. On the morning of April 15, 2004, Yokoyama suffered burns all over his body due to a fire breaking out in his house. His condition deteriorated and he fell in a  coma. Yokoyama died in the hospital near his home at 10:00 P.M. on the same day, aged 69. Style. The attractions of Yokoyama's works are calculated story deployment and an elaborate setting. On the other hand, Yokoyama liked light characterizations and didn't let characters show their feelings too much. He was better at a serious story manga rather than with comedy, though he nonetheless drew comics in the latter genre. While Tezuka established the technique to draw Japanese comics, it was Yokoyama who established the format of various genres of current Japanese comics and anime. Whereas many comic  artists prefer their original stories not to be changed when adapted, Yokoyama was realistic and tolerant, so many of his works were made into animation or Tokusatsu. Influence. Katsuhiro Otomo has cited Yokoyama as an influence and said his own series "Akira" has the "same overall plot" as "Tetsujin 28-go". Additionally, some of its characters are also known as numbers 25, 26, 27 and 28 in homage to "Tetsujin 28-go". Hirohiko Araki said that he was conscious of Yokoyama's hard-boiled style in that he sticks to suspense and describes hero characters drily. Araki also said that  Jotaro Kujo wearing his school uniform in the desert has its roots in Yokoyama's "Babel II", and that if he were to draw "Stardust Crusaders" over again, he would base the Stands on "Tetsujin 28-go".