Alessandro Rossi (textile industrialist). Schools. In 1826, Muhammad Ali sent a scholarly mission from Egypt to France, including Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, who later proposed the establishment of in 1836. Dar al-Ulum, established in 1872, educated Azhari scholars in modern sciences. The works of translation produced by institutions like these introduced some of the earliest modern problems for the Arabic language. Presses. Muhammad Ali established the Amiri Press or Bulaq Press, the first printing press in Egypt, in 1821. It was followed by others, such as al-Matba'a al-Ahliya al-Qabtiya () in 1860, Wadi an-Nil () in 1866, Gam'iyat al-Ma'arif () in 1868	Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
5768088	, al-Ahram () in 1875, Sharikat Tab' al-Kutub al-'Arabiya () 1898. History. Establishing a language academy was proposed in Egyptian Parliament in the parliamentary year 1928-1929. On December 31, 1932 (14 Sha'ban of 1351 of the Hijra), the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo was established by royal decree issued from the Abdeen Palace, residence of Fuad I of Egypt. Also involved were President of the Council of Ministers Ismail Sidky, Minister of Education Muhammad Hilmi Isa, and likely also the previous minister of education Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed and . Its constitution was inspired by the constitution of the 	Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
5768089	Académie Française. The Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo was established for the purposes of addressing urgent issues facing the Arabic language and of adapting it to suit the needs of the 20th century. One of the early tasks of the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo was to publish a historical dictionary of Arabic, tracing the changes of meanings and uses of Arabic words over time, though this was not achieved. Selecting the founding members. King Fuad I of Egypt—who wanted an institute in the image of his regime, in its regard toward modern science and 	Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
5768090	its domestic and foreign interests—played a major role in the selection of the academy's members. The ulama, scholars, and intellectuals he chose were modernists and politically loyalists, moderates, or neutral. These included: Political figures Academics Azharis Eastern members Orientalists Headquarters. At its inception, the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo was housed in the palace of Hussayn Riad at 1 Ibn Arhab Street in Giza, in front of the Egyptian University (now Cairo University). It later moved to 110 , a building that was then demolished to build a bank. It finally moved to a villa at 26 	Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
5768091	Murad St in Giza. Inauguration. The Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo was inaugurated by Muhammad Hilmi Isa Pasha on January 30, 1934 (14 Shawwal 1352 of the Hijra), with all of the academy's members in attendance with the exception of . Arabic script reform. In 1936, the academy, prompted by issues arising in the transliteration of names in European scripts into Arabic, discussed the possibility of reforming Arabic script. This discussion was further expanded in 1938 with regard to the technical difficulty of printing vowels in Arabic at the time. The discussions were published to engage a wider 	Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
5768092	audience, and in 1945 a competition with a 1,000-pound prize was announced calling for proposals. The discussions continued for a number of years but no plan for reform of Arabic script was endorsed. These discussions did, however, lead to the definition of پ pe and ڤ ve to represent p and v. , Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed, and Taha Hussein served as presidents. Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo The Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo () is a language academy for Arabic created in Cairo, Egypt in 1932 by Fuad I of Egypt. It publishes Al-Mu'jam al	Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
5768093	Alessandro Rossi (textile industrialist) Alessandro Rossi (textile industrialist) Alessandro Rossi (Schio, 21 November 1819 – Santorso, 28 February 1898) was an Italian textile industrialist and politician. He introduced technological innovation for manufacturing wool in Schio, Veneto. He inherited the wool mill Lanificio Rossi from his father Francesco Rossi, and converted the company into one of the main industries of Italy. He was deputy and senator of the Kingdom of Italy. Biography. Alessandro Rossi was the son of the Italian wool manufacturer Francesco Rossi, who founded Lanificio Rossi in 1817. Between 1845 and 1898, Alessandro Rossi developed and grew the company; by the 1880s the company 	Alessandro Rossi (textile industrialist)
5768094	was the largest in Italy, with 5,000 employees. Before taking over Lanificio Rossi, Alessandro Rossi visited advanced factories in England and France. When he became the chief of the family firm in 1845, he renewed the machinery of the wool mill, increasing its production capacity. Alessandro Rossi inherited the mill Francesco Rossi and built other factories, such as the six-storey building La Fabbrica Alta", designed by Belgian architect Auguste Vivroux and built between 1861 and 1862. He was inspired by the ideas of Robert Owen and Sir Titus Salt and built a worker's colony called New Schio. For  Rossi, it was important to give workers a sense of personalization. He created aid associations, houses, schools, kindergartens, and shares in the company profits. Rossi overcame the depression of the 1870s establishing a system of autonomous managements, dividing his company into four divisions forbidden to compete internally and with a board of directors concentrated in Milan. In 1873, Rossi founded the "Consorzio della Fabbrica della Carta" (Paper Factory Consortium) in Arsiero. In 1878, he established a technical school in Vicenza. He also promoted the first hydroelectric plants in Italy, as they were a cheaper source than imported coal. He stimulated  the creation of the Mechanical and Metallurgical Workers Assembly. In 1892, Rossi resigned as President of his company and he dedicated to politic activities. Support to protectionism in Parliament. In 1866, Alessandro Rossi was elected to Parliament. Four years later, he was elected as Senator.  In 1876, he passed from a free trader to a representative of industrial protectionism. In 1870, Rossi was commissioned by the Council of Industry Trade for an official inquiry into Italian competitiveness. In 1874, he concluded that manufacturers needed state protection, recommending tax relief and custom duties. Such as Souther agricultures, silk manufacturers, and Tuscan  banks opposed to Rossi's propositions, he supported the creation of the Italian Cotton Association and the Mechanical and Metallurgical Workers Assembly. In this way, he was available to create the first bloc of business interests with brewers, leather workers, and silk and paper manufacturers. Rossi won public support through newspapers that he owned. However, he was outnumbered in Parliament. From five hundred deputies, just fifteen defended business interests and just three were manufacturers. In 1876, Rossi fought Prime Minister Agostino Depretis' attempts of reducing tariffs and protectionism. Rossi hound Depretis' government through the media until he accepted to help  the industry. Depretis firmed a treaty with France, but the treaty didn't reach the protectionism that Rossi sought. By the late 1880s, Rossi supported a broader protectionist initiative, promoting protection for agriculture of Russia and American grains. In 1887, he defended a new general tariff arguing that France needed Italy exports. He achieved broad support and Parliament passed a protectionist general tariff. Ideas. Rossi was opposed to state intervention in economic life. He was a leader in the industrialization of Italy after the unification and proposed a model for other industrialists. However, he defended protectionist measures, such as the  establishment of high duties, between the 1870s and 1880s. In 1882, he promoted a political project that called for an alliance between industrialists, workers, and radical intellectuals to support stronger custom protections. Buildings in Schio. Rossi commissioned or founded some of the most iconic places and monuments in Schio, such as "Asilo Infanzia Alessandro Rossi" for the worker's children, "Monumeto al Tessitore", and "Quartiere Operaio La Nuova Schio". Alessandro Rossi (textile industrialist) Alessandro Rossi (Schio, 21 November 1819 – Santorso, 28 February 1898) was an Italian textile industrialist and politician. He introduced technological innovation for manufacturing wool in Schio, Veneto