Leslie F. Stone
Leslie Frances Silberberg (June 8, 1905 – March 21, 1991), known by the pen name Leslie F. Stone, was an American writer and one of the first women science fiction pulp writers, contributing over 20 stories to science fiction magazines between 1929 and 1940. Personal life. Stone was born Leslie Frances Rubenstein in 1905 in Philadelphia to George S. Rubenstein and Lillian A. (Spellman) Rubenstein (a well known poet and author from the turn of the century), Stone married William Silberberg, a labor reporter, in 1927 with whom she had two sons they raised in the Washington, D.C.  area where later in life she won prizes as a gardener and ceramist. Career. By the time she was in high school in Norfolk, Virginia, Stone was publishing fantasy stories in the local newspaper. She went on to be one of the first women to publish in the science fiction pulp magazines of the era. She often worked with Hugo Gernsback in "Amazing Stories" and "Wonder Stories". Stone wrote space operas and thought experiments as well as stories featuring both women protagonists as well as black protagonists. After writing more than 20 short fiction pieces, Stone stopped writing fiction which  she suggested was a combination of seeing the horrors of war making it hard to write about the future and increasing conflicts with male editors who refused to publish her work because she was a woman. She worked at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland after the death of her husband in 1957. She returned to writing by editing and republishing "Out of the Void" as a stand alone novel, in 1971. In 1974 Stone published "Day of the Pulps", about her time publishing in the 1920s and 1930s. Work. Stone's work is similar to much of  the pulp fiction written in the time period with stock characters and simple plots, but Stone also included some of the first women and black protagonists as well as the first planet dominated by women in the science fiction pulps. Asking if Stone's writing is feminist is complicated by her use of contemporary aspects of the pulp science fiction genre, specifically male narrators and viewpoints. While her work is not explicitly feminist, her writing often critiques masculinity and its role in science and often frames her stories with positive images of strong female characters and societies. Additionally, while her  writing was similar in style to the other works of the time, Stone used her work to critique racism, raise questions about war, and raise questions about science and what outcomes it might bring about. Stone is cited (by figures such as Isaac Asimov and Frederik Pohl) as an early science fiction writer who used an ambiguously gendered name to hide their gender. Others claim Stone was identified as a woman writer at the time. Stone, herself, wrote in her unpublished "Reminiscences" that she chose to deliberately take advantage of her androgynous name, using only her middle initial to avoid  the give-away gendered spelling of Frances. Indeed, she encountered several instances of sexism while trying to publish science fiction in the pulps and recalls hostile reactions from both editors (including Campbell and Conklin) and fans who learned she was a woman.