Jimmy Garrison
James Emory Garrison (March 3, 1934 – April 7, 1976) was an American jazz double bassist. He is best remembered for his association with John Coltrane from 1961 to 1967. Career. Garrison was raised in both Miami and Philadelphia where he learned to play bass. Garrison came of age in the 1950s Philadelphia jazz scene, which included fellow bassists Reggie Workman and Henry Grimes, pianist McCoy Tyner and trumpeter Lee Morgan. Between 1957 and 1962, Garrison played and recorded with trumpeter Kenny Dorham; clarinetist Tony Scott; drummer Philly Joe Jones; and saxophonists Bill Barron, Lee Konitz, and Jackie McLean , as well as Curtis Fuller, Benny Golson, Lennie Tristano, and Pharoah Sanders, among others. In 1961, he recorded with Ornette Coleman, appearing on Coleman's albums "Ornette on Tenor" and "The Art of the Improvisers". He also worked with Walter Bishop, Jr. and Cal Massey during the early years of his career. He formally joined Coltrane's quartet in 1962, replacing Workman. The long trio blues "Chasin' the Trane" is one of his first recorded performances with Coltrane and Elvin Jones. Garrison performed on many Coltrane recordings, including "A Love Supreme". After John Coltrane's death, Garrison worked and recorded  with Alice Coltrane, Hampton Hawes, Archie Shepp, Clifford Thornton and groups led by Elvin Jones. Garrison also worked with Ornette Coleman during the 1960s, first recording with him in 1961 on "Ornette on Tenor". He and Elvin Jones recorded with Coleman in 1968, and have been credited with eliciting more forceful playing than usual from Coleman on the albums "New York Is Now!" and "Love Call". In 1971 and 1972, Garrison taught as a Visiting Artist at Wesleyan University and Bennington College. Personal life. Garrison had four daughters and a son. With his first wife Robbie he had three daughters , Robin, Lori and Italy based jazz vocalist Joy Garrison. With his second wife, dancer and choreographer Roberta Escamilla Garrison, he had Maia Claire, and jazz bassist Matt Garrison. Jimmy Garrison died of lung cancer on April 7, 1976. Music and playing style. Garrison was known for his inventive and melodic basslines, often using broken time and avoiding straight quarter notes as in a traditional walking bassline, to suggest the time and pulse rather than to outright play it. He was also known for his frequent use of double stops, and for strumming the strings of the bass with his thumb . Garrison would often play unaccompanied improvised solos, sometimes as song introductions prior to the other musicians joining in, and occasionally used a bow. Garrison had a uniquely heavy and powerful gut string tone. Discography. As sideman. With Lorez Alexandria With Bill Barron With Walter Bishop Jr. With Benny Carter With Ornette Coleman With Alice Coltrane With John Coltrane With Ted Curson With Nathan Davis With Bill Dixon With Kenny Dorham With Curtis Fuller With Beaver Harris With Elvin Jones With Philly Joe Jones With Lee Konitz With Rolf Kühn and Joachim Kühn With Cal Massey With Jackie McLean With J.  R. Monterose With Robert Pozar With Sonny Rollins With Tony Scott With Archie Shepp With Clifford Thornton With McCoy Tyner