Oppana
Oppana () is a popular form of social entertainment among the Mappila (Kerala Muslims) community of Kerala, South India, prevalent throughout Kerala, especially in Malabar. The Term Oppana is believed to be originated from the Arabic word "Affna" Oppana was originated on the occasion of make of Muslim brides.. But in Kerala, this art form has been revived with much popularity on the performing stages of the Youth Festivals of the student community. Oppana is generally presented by females, numbering about fifteen, including musicians, on a wedding day. The bride dressed in all finery, covered with gold ornaments and her  palms and feet adorned with an intricately woven pattern of "mylanchi" (henna), sits amidst the circle of dancers. She is the chief spectator sitting on a peetam (chair), around which the singing and dancing take place. While they sing, they clap their hands rhythmically and move around, the bride using simple steps. Two or three girls begin the songs and the rest join in chorus. Sometime Oppana is also presented by males to entertain the bridegroom. It usually takes place just before the bridegroom leaves for the bride's residence where the Nikah (marriage) takes place or at the time  he enters the "Maniyara". Harmonium, tabla, ganjira and elathaalam are the musical instruments employed for this performance. Only the Mappilapaattu will be sung on the occasion. The word Oppana may have been derived from an Arabic form, "Afna". There are two types of Oppana, one is Oppana "chayal" and another is Oppana "murukkam". When Oppana "chayal" is performed, they do not clap their hands. If it begins with "Chayal" it would also end with "Chayal" only.