Majiabang culture
The Majiabang culture was a Chinese Neolithic culture that existed at the mouth of the Yangtze River, primarily around Lake Tai near Shanghai and north of Hangzhou Bay. The culture spread throughout southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang from around 5000 BC to 3300 BC. The later part of the period is now considered a separate cultural phase, referred to as the Songze culture. Initially, archaeologists had considered the Majiabang sites and sites in northern Jiangsu to be part of the same culture, naming it the . Archaeologists later realized that the northern Jiangsu sites were of the Dawenkou culture  and renamed the southern Jiangsu sites Majiabang culture. Some scholars state that the Hemudu culture co-existed with the Majiabang culture as two separate and distinct cultures, with cultural transmissions between the two. Other scholars group Hemudu in with Majiabang subtraditions. Majiabang people cultivated rice. At Caoxieshan and Chuodun, sites of the Majiabang culture, archaeologists excavated paddy fields, indicating the centrality of rice to the economy. In addition faunal remains excavated from Majiabang archaeological sites indicated that people had domesticated pigs. However, the remains of sika and roe deer have been found, showing that people were not totally reliant on  agricultural production. Archaeological sites also bear evidence that Majiabang people produced jade ornaments. In the lower stratum of the Songze excavation site in Shanghai's modern day Qingpu District, archaeologists found the prone skeleton of one of the area's earliest inhabitantsa 25–30-year-old male with an almost complete skull dated to the Majiabang era. Environment. The condition of climate in the period was different from nowadays, it has more anal rainfall with higher temperature. In the period of 7000 to 6500 BP., the annual humid was 1500 to 2000 mm with the average temperature 15 to 18° C. After that, the average temperature was dropped in 6000 BP, and it was slightly increased in 5500 BP. Since 5300 BP, the temperature has gradually become cooler with the climate change in Northern Europe, Recent Epoch, the Atlantic/ Great Lakes period, and the North Asian period.