Samuel L. Jackson
Samuel Leroy Jackson (born December 21, 1948) is an American actor. One of the most widely recognized actors of his generation, the films in which he has appeared have collectively grossed over $27 billion worldwide, making him the highest-grossing actor of all time (excluding cameo appearances and voice roles). He rose to fame with films such as "Coming to America" (1988), "Goodfellas" (1990), "Patriot Games" (1992), "Juice" (1992), "Menace II Society" (1993), "True Romance" (1993), "Jurassic Park" (1993), and "Fresh" (1994). Jackson continued gaining greater prominence for his collaborations with director Spike Lee in the  films "School Daze" (1988), "Do the Right Thing" (1989), "Mo' Better Blues" (1990), "Jungle Fever" (1991), "Oldboy" (2013) and "Chi-Raq" (2015) and in the Quentin Tarantino films "Pulp Fiction" (1994), "Jackie Brown" (1997), "Django Unchained" (2012), and "The Hateful Eight" (2015). For his role in "Pulp Fiction", he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Jackson is a highly prolific actor, having appeared in over 150 films. His other roles include "Die Hard with a Vengeance" (1995), "A Time to Kill" (1996), "Hard Eight" (1996), "Eve's Bayou" (1997), "The Red Violin" (1998), "The Negotiator" (1998 ), "Unbreakable" (2000), "Shaft" (2000) and its 2019 sequel/reboot, "Coach Carter" (2005), "Snakes on a Plane" (2006), "The Other Guys" (2010), "" (2014), "" (2017), and "Glass" (2019). Jackson also won widespread recognition as the Jedi Mace Windu in the "Star Wars" prequel trilogy (1999–2005), later voicing the role in the animated film "" (2008) and alongside in the video game . With his permission, his likeness was used for the Ultimate version of the Marvel Comics character Nick Fury; he subsequently played Fury in 11 Marvel Cinematic Universe films, beginning with a cameo appearance in "Iron Man" (2008), as well as guest-starring  in the television series "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D." He will reprise this role in the upcoming Disney+ series "Secret Invasion", which is set to premiere in 2022. Jackson has provided his voice for several animated films, documentaries, television series, and video games, including Lucius Best/Frozone in the Pixar films "The Incredibles" (2004) and "Incredibles 2" (2018), Whiplash in "Turbo" (2013), the title character of the anime television series "Afro Samurai" (2007), and in the video game "" (2004). In 2016, Jackson served as the narrator of the acclaimed documentary "I Am Not Your Negro" based on James Baldwin's writings. In  March 2022, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences honored Jackson by awarding him an Honorary Governors Award, which is intended "to honor extraordinary distinction in lifetime achievement, exceptional contributions to the state of motion picture arts and sciences, or for outstanding service to the Academy". Early life. Samuel Leroy Jackson was born in Washington, D.C., on December 21, 1948, the only child of Elizabeth Harriett ("" Montgomery) and Roy Henry Jackson. He grew up in Chattanooga, Tennessee. His father lived away from the family in Kansas City, Missouri, and later died of alcoholism. Jackson met him only twice during  his life. He was raised by his mother, a factory worker and later a supplies buyer for a mental institution; he was also raised by his maternal grandparents, Edgar and Pearl Montgomery, as well as extended family. According to DNA tests, Jackson partially descends from the Benga people of Gabon, and he became a naturalized citizen of Gabon in 2019. He attended several segregated schools and graduated from Riverside High School in Chattanooga. He played the French horn, piccolo, trumpet, and flute in the school orchestra. He developed a stutter during childhood and learned to "pretend to be other people  who didn't stutter". He still uses the word "motherfucker" to get through a speech block. He still has days where he stutters. Initially intent on pursuing a degree in marine biology, he attended Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia. After joining a local acting group to earn extra points in a class, he found an interest in acting and switched his major. Before graduating in 1972, he co-founded the Just Us Theatre. After Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination in 1968, Jackson attended King's funeral in Atlanta as one of the ushers. He then travelled to Memphis, Tennessee , to join an equal rights protest march. In a 2005 "Parade" interview, he revealed, "I was angry about the assassination, but I wasn't shocked by it. I knew that change was going to take something different – not sit-ins, not peaceful coexistence." In 1969, Jackson and several other students held members of the Morehouse College board of trustees (including Martin Luther King Sr.) hostage on the campus, demanding reform in the school's curriculum and governance. The college eventually agreed to change its policy, but Jackson was charged with and eventually convicted of unlawful confinement, a second-degree felony . He was then suspended for two years for his criminal record and his actions. He would later return to the college to earn a BA in drama in 1972. While he was suspended, he took a job as a social worker in Los Angeles. He decided to return to Atlanta, where he met with Stokely Carmichael, H. Rap Brown, and others active in the Black Power movement. He began to feel empowered with his involvement in the movement, especially when the group began buying guns. However, before he could become involved with any significant armed confrontations, his mother sent him  to Los Angeles after the FBI warned her that he would die within a year if he remained with the group. In a 2018 interview with "Vogue", he denied having been a member of the Black Panther Party. Career. 1970s. Jackson initially majored in marine biology at Morehouse College before switching to architecture. He later settled on drama after taking a public speaking class and appearing in a version of "The Threepenny Opera". Jackson began acting on the stage, including "Home" and "A Soldier's Play". He appeared in several television films, and made his feature film debut in the  blaxploitation independent film "Together for Days" (1972). After these initial roles, Jackson moved from Atlanta to New York City in 1976 and spent the next decade appearing in stage plays, including the premiers of "The Piano Lesson" and "Two Trains Running" at the Yale Repertory Theater. Jackson developed addictions to alcohol and cocaine, which prevented him from proceeding with the two plays to Broadway (actors Charles S. Dutton and Anthony Chisholm took his place). Throughout his early film career, mainly in minimal roles in films such as "Coming to America" and various television films, Jackson was mentored by Morgan Freeman . 1980s. After a 1981 performance in the play "A Soldier's Play", Jackson was introduced to director Spike Lee, who cast him for small roles in "School Daze" (1988) and "Do the Right Thing" (1989). He also worked for three years as a stand-in for Bill Cosby on "The Cosby Show". 1990s. Jackson played a minor role in the 1990 Martin Scorsese film "Goodfellas", as real-life Mafia associate Stacks Edwards. Having overdosed on heroin several times, he gave up the drug in favor of cocaine. His family entered him into a New York rehabilitation clinic. After he successfully  completed rehabilitation, he appeared in "Jungle Fever" as a crack cocaine addict. Jackson said that the role was cathartic, commenting, "It was a funny kind of thing. By the time I was out of rehab, about a week or so later I was on set and we were ready to start shooting." His performance was so acclaimed that the jury of 1991 Cannes Film Festival added a special "Supporting Actor" award just for him. Following this role, Jackson became involved with the comedy "Strictly Business" and dramas "Juice" and "Patriot Games". He then moved on to two other comedies: "National  Lampoon's Loaded Weapon 1" (his first starring role) and "Amos & Andrew". Jackson worked with director Steven Spielberg in 1993's "Jurassic Park". After a turn as the criminal Big Don in 1993's "True Romance"—written by Quentin Tarantino and directed by Tony Scott—Tarantino asked Jackson to play Jules Winnfield in "Pulp Fiction". Jackson was surprised to learn that the part had been specifically written for him: "To know that somebody had written something like Jules for me. I was overwhelmed, thankful, arrogant—this whole combination of things that you could be, knowing that somebody's going to give  you an opportunity like that." Although "Pulp Fiction" was Jackson's thirtieth film, the role made him internationally recognized and he received praise from critics. In a review by "Entertainment Weekly", his role was commended: "As superb as Travolta, Willis, and Keitel are, the actor who reigns over "Pulp Fiction" is Samuel L. Jackson. He just about lights fires with his gremlin eyes and he transforms his speeches into hypnotic bebop soliloquies." For the Academy Awards, Miramax Films pushed for, and received, the Best Supporting Actor nomination for Jackson. He also received a Golden Globe nomination and won the BAFTA  Award for Best Supporting Role. After "Pulp Fiction", Jackson received multiple scripts to review: "I could easily have made a career out of playing Jules over the years. Everybody's always sending me the script they think is the new "Pulp Fiction"." With a succession of poor-performing films such as "Kiss of Death", "The Great White Hype", and "Losing Isaiah", Jackson began to receive poor reviews from critics who had praised his performance in "Pulp Fiction". This ended with his involvement in the two box-office successes, "Die Hard with a Vengeance", starring alongside Bruce Willis in the third  installment of the "Die Hard" series; and "A Time to Kill", where he played a father put on trial for killing two men who raped his daughter. For "A Time to Kill", Jackson earned an NAACP Image for Best Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture and a Golden Globe nomination for a Best Supporting Actor. Quickly becoming a box office star, Jackson continued with three starring roles in 1997. In "187" he played a dedicated teacher striving to leave an impact on his students. He received an Independent Spirit award for Best First Feature alongside first-time writer/director Kasi  Lemmons in the drama "Eve's Bayou", for which he also served as executive producer. He joined up again with Tarantino for "Jackie Brown" and received the Silver Bear for Best Actor at the Berlin Film Festival and a fourth Golden Globe nomination for his portrayal of arms merchant Ordell Robbie In 1998, he worked with established actors: Sharon Stone and Dustin Hoffman in "Sphere;" and Kevin Spacey in "The Negotiator", playing a hostage negotiator who resorts to taking hostages himself when he is falsely accused of murder and embezzlement. In 1999, Jackson starred in the horror film "Deep Blue  Sea", and as Jedi Master Mace Windu in George Lucas' "". In an interview, Jackson claimed that he did not have a chance to read the script for the film and did not learn he was playing the character Mace Windu until he was fitted for his costume (though he later said that he was eager to accept any role, just for the chance to be a part of the "Star Wars" saga). 2000s. On June 13, 2000, Jackson was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7018 Hollywood Blvd. He began the next decade of his  film career playing a Marine colonel put on trial in "Rules of Engagement", co-starred with Bruce Willis for a third time in the supernatural thriller "Unbreakable", and starred in the 2000 remake of the 1971 film "Shaft". He reprised both of the latter roles in 2019, his "Unbreakable" character Mr. Glass in "Glass" and Shaft in another film titled "Shaft". Jackson's sole film in 2001 was "The Caveman's Valentine", a murder thriller directed by Lemmons in which he played a homeless musician. In 2002, he played a recovering alcoholic, attempting to keep custody of his kids while  fighting a battle of wits (in "Changing Lanes") with Ben Affleck's character. He returned for "", seeing his minor supporting role develop into a major character. Mace Windu's purple lightsaber in the film was the result of Jackson's suggestion; he wanted to be sure that his character would stand out in a crowded battle scene. Jackson then acted as an NSA agent, alongside Vin Diesel in "XXX", and as a kilt-wearing drug dealer in "The 51st State". In 2003, Jackson again worked with John Travolta in "Basic" and then as a police sergeant alongside Colin Farrell in  the television show remake "SWAT" A song within the soundtrack was named after him, entitled "Sammy L. Jackson" by Hot Action Cop. Jackson also appeared in HBO's documentary "Unchained Memories", as a narrator along many other stars like Angela Bassett and Whoopi Goldberg. Based on reviews gathered by Rotten Tomatoes, in 2004 Jackson starred in both his lowest and highest ranked films in his career. In the thriller "Twisted", Jackson played a mentor to Ashley Judd. The film garnered a 2% approval rating on the website, with reviewers calling his performance "lackluster" and "wasted". He then lent his voice  to the computer-animated film "The Incredibles" as the superhero Frozone. The film received a 97% approval rating, and Jackson's performance earned him an Annie Award nomination for Best Voice Acting. He then went on to do a cameo in another Quentin Tarantino film, "". In 2005, he starred in the sports drama "Coach Carter", where he played a coach (based on the actual coach Ken Carter) dedicated to teaching his players that education is more important than basketball. Although the film received mixed reviews, Jackson's performance was praised despite the film's storyline. Bob Townsend of the "Atlanta  Journal-Constitution" commended Jackson's performance, "He takes what could have been a cardboard cliché role and puts flesh on it with his flamboyant intelligence." Jackson also returned for two sequels: "", this time commanding Ice Cube, and the final "Star Wars" prequel film, "". His last film for 2005 was "The Man" alongside comedian Eugene Levy. On November 4, 2005, he was presented with the Hawaii International Film Festival Achievement in Acting Award. On January 30, 2006, Jackson was honored with a hand and footprint ceremony at Grauman's Chinese Theatre; he is the seventh African American and 191st actor to  be recognized in this manner. In an interview that year, he said that he chooses roles that are "exciting to watch" and have an "interesting character inside of a story", and that in his roles he wanted to "do things [he hasn't] done, things [he] saw as a kid and wanted to do and now [has] an opportunity to do". He next starred opposite actress Julianne Moore in the box office bomb "Freedomland", where he depicted a police detective attempting to help a mother find her abducted child while quelling a citywide race riot. Jackson's second film of  the year, "Snakes on a Plane", gained cult film status months before it was released based on its title and cast. Jackson's decision to star in the film was solely based on the title. To build anticipation for the film, he also cameoed in the 2006 music video "Snakes on a Plane (Bring It)" by Cobra Starship. On December 2, 2006, Jackson won the German Bambi Award for International Film, based on his many film contributions. In December 2006, Jackson starred in "Home of the Brave", as a doctor returning home from the Iraq War. On January 30, 2007 , Jackson was featured as narrator in Bob Saget's direct-to-DVD "Farce of the Penguins". The film was a spoof of the box office success "March of the Penguins" (which was narrated by Morgan Freeman). Also in 2007, he portrayed a blues player who imprisons a young woman (Christina Ricci) addicted to sex in "Black Snake Moan", and the horror film "1408", an adaptation of the Stephen King short story. Later the same year, Jackson portrayed an athlete who impersonates former boxing heavyweight Bob Satterfield in director Rod Lurie's drama, "Resurrecting the Champ". In 2008, Jackson reprised his  role of Mace Windu in the CGI film, "", followed by "Lakeview Terrace" where he played a racist cop who terrorizes an interracial couple. In November of the same year, he starred along with Bernie Mac and Isaac Hayes (who both died before the film's release) in "Soul Men". In 2008, he portrayed the villain in "The Spirit", which was poorly received by critics and the box office. In 2009, he again worked with Quentin Tarantino when he narrated several scenes in the World War II film "Inglourious Basterds". 2010s. In 2010, he starred in the drama "Mother and Child  and portrayed an interrogator who attempts to locate several nuclear weapons in the direct-to-video film Unthinkable". Alongside Dwayne Johnson, Jackson again portrayed a police officer in the opening scenes of the comedy "The Other Guys". He also co-starred with Tommy Lee Jones for a film adaptation of "The Sunset Limited". Throughout Jackson's career, he has appeared in many films alongside mainstream rappers. These include Tupac Shakur ("Juice"), Queen Latifah ("Juice"/"Sphere"/"Jungle Fever"), Method Man ("One Eight Seven"), LL Cool J ("Deep Blue Sea"/"S.W.A.T."), Busta Rhymes ("Shaft"), Eve ("xXx"), Ice Cube ("xXx: State of the Union"), Xzibit ("xXx : State of the Union"), David Banner ("Black Snake Moan"), and 50 Cent ("Home of the Brave"). Additionally, Jackson has appeared in five films with actor Bruce Willis (National Lampoon's "Loaded Weapon 1", "Pulp Fiction", "Die Hard with a Vengeance", "Unbreakable", and "Glass") and the actors were slated to work together in "Black Water Transit" before both dropped out. In 2002, Jackson gave his consent for Marvel Comics to design their "Ultimate" version of the character Nick Fury after his likeness. In the 2008 film "Iron Man", he made a cameo as the character in a post-credit scene. In  February 2009, Jackson signed on to a nine-picture deal with Marvel which would see him appear as the character in "Iron Man 2", "Thor", "", and "The Avengers" as well as any other sequels they would produce. He reprised the role in "" (2014) and "" (2015). In February 2015, Jackson stated that he only has two movies left on his Marvel contract following "Ultron". In 2018 and 2019, Jackson made cameo appearances as Fury in the Avengers sequels "" and "", and starred as a younger, de-aged Fury in "Captain Marvel" alongside Brie Larson. Among his more recent film roles, Jackson appeared  in Quentin Tarantino's "Django Unchained", which was released December 25, 2012, Tarantino's "The Hateful Eight", which was released in 70mm on December 25, 2015, and Jordan Vogt-Roberts' "", which was released on March 10, 2017. In 2019, Jackson reprised his "Unbreakable" role as Mr. Glass in the film "Glass", and his Shaft role in "Shaft", both sequels to his 2000 films. Also in 2019, he appeared in the Brie Larson film "Unicorn Store", and had a prominent role as Nick Fury in the Marvel film "". Upcoming films. He is set to produce a live-action film adaptation  of "Afro Samurai", and is assuming the role of Sho'nuff in a remake of "The Last Dragon". He will also be appearing in The Marvels, the second Captain Marvel film and teased he would appear in , the third Ant-Man film in an interview but has not confirmed it. Television and other roles. In addition to films, Jackson also appeared in several television shows, a video game, music videos, as well as audiobooks. Jackson had a small part in the Public Enemy music video for "911 Is a Joke". Jackson voiced several television show characters, including the lead role in  the anime series, "Afro Samurai", in addition to a recurring part as the voice of Gin Rummy in several episodes of the animated series "The Boondocks". He was in the Pilot for Ghostwriter. He guest-starred as himself in an episode of the BBC/HBO sitcom "Extras". He voiced the main antagonist, , in the video game "". Jackson also hosted a variety of awards shows. He has hosted the MTV Movie Awards (1998), the ESPYs (1999, 2001, 2002, and 2009), and the Spike TV Video Game Awards (2005, 2006, 2007, and 2012). In November 2006, he provided the voice of God  for "The Bible Experience", the New Testament audiobook version of the Bible. He was given the lead role because producers believed his deep, authoritative voice would best fit the role. He also recorded the Audible.com audiobook of "Go the Fuck to Sleep". For the Atlanta Falcons' 2010 season, Jackson portrayed Rev. Sultan in the Falcons "Rise Up" commercial. He reprised his role as Nick Fury in a cameo appearance on "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D." in 2013 and the season finale in 2014. He also appeared in the Capital One cash-back credit card commercials. Jackson too appeared in a Sky Broadband  Shield commercial, Sky UK’s broadband service as Nick Fury to promote Captain America: The Winter Soldier. Jackson released a song about social justice with KRS-One, Sticky Fingaz, Mad Lion & Talib Kweli about violence in America called "I Can't Breathe" which were the last words said by Eric Garner. In 2020 he appeared in the television documentary series "Enslaved". He is set to reprise his role as Nick Fury in an upcoming Disney+ streaming series "Secret Invasion". Box office performance. Throughout the 1990s, A.C. Neilson E.C.I., a box office tracking company, determined that Jackson appeared in more films  than any other actor who grossed $1.7 billion domestically. By 2011, the films that featured Jackson as a leading actor or supporting co-star have grossed a total of $2.81 to $4.91 billion at the North American box office. This placed him as the seventh highest-grossing lead actor and the second highest-grossing actor, behind only voice actor Frank Welker. The 2009 edition of "The Guinness World Records", which uses a different calculation to determine film grosses, stated that Jackson is the world's highest grossing actor with $7.42 billion generated across 68 films. Personal  life. In 1980, Jackson married actress and producer LaTanya Richardson, whom he met while attending Morehouse College. The couple have a daughter named Zoe (born 1982). In 2009, they started their own charity to help support education. Jackson has said that he watches his own films in cinemas: "Even during my theater years, I wished I could watch the plays I was inwhile I was in them! I dig watching myself work." He also enjoys collecting the action figures of the characters he portrays in his films, including Jules Winnfield, Shaft, Mace Windu, and Frozone. Jackson is bald but enjoys  wearing wigs in his films. He said about his decision to shave his head, "I keep ending up on those 'bald is beautiful' lists. It's cool. You know, when I started losing my hair, it was during the era when everybody had lots of hair. All of a sudden, I felt this big hole in the middle of my afro. I couldn't face having a comb over so I had to quickly figure what the haircut for me was." His first bald role was in "The Great White Hype". He usually gets to pick his own hairstyles for  each character he portrays. He poked fun at his baldness the first time he appeared bald on "The Tonight Show", explaining that he had to shave his head for one role, but then kept receiving more and more bald roles and had to keep shaving his head so that wigs could be made for him. He joked that "the only way [he's] gonna have time to grow [his] hair back is if [he's] not working". He is noted for often wearing a Kangol hat in public. Jackson has a clause in his contracts that allows him to  play golf during film shoots. He has played in the Gary Player Invitational charity golf tournament to assist Gary Player in raising funds for children in South Africa. Jackson is a keen basketball fan, supporting the Toronto Raptors and the Harlem Globetrotters. He has supported English soccer team Liverpool FC since appearing in "The 51st State", which was shot in Liverpool. He also supports Irish soccer team Bohemian FC. Jackson campaigned during the 2008 Democratic Primary for Barack Obama in Texarkana, Texas. He said, "Barack Obama represents everything I was told I could be growing up. I am a child  of segregation. When I grew up and people told me I could be president, I knew it was a lie. But now we have a representative... the American Dream is a reality. Anyone can grow up to be a president." He also said, "I voted for Barack because he was black. That's why other folks vote for other peoplebecause they look like them". He compared his "Django Unchained" character, a villainous house slave, to black conservative Justice Clarence Thomas, saying that the character has "the same moral compass as Clarence Thomas does". In June 2013, Jackson launched a joint  campaign with Prizeo in an effort to raise money to fight Alzheimer's disease. As part of the campaign, he recited various fan-written monologues and a popular scene from the AMC series "Breaking Bad". In August 2013, he started a vegan diet for health reasons, explaining that he is "just trying to live forever", and attributed a weight loss to his new diet. He had largely abandoned the diet by March 2017, but still praised it. He launched a campaign called "One for the Boys", which teaches men about testicular cancer and urges them to "get themselves checked out . In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Samuel L. Jackson encouraged people to wear masks during pandemic as part of the State of California's Your Actions Save Lives campaign. Jackson along with Dwayne Johnson also encouraged coronavirus patients to donate blood plasma to help others fighting the virus. Jackson also read a satirical book, Stay the F*ck at Home", spreading awareness to social distance on "Jimmy Kimmel Live".