Nigerian literature
Nigerian literature may be roughly defined as the literary writing by citizens of the nation of Nigeria for Nigerian readers, addressing Nigerian issues. This encompasses writers in a number of languages, including not only English but Igbo, Urhobo, Yoruba, and in the northern part of the county Hausa and Nupe. More broadly, it includes British Nigerians, Nigerian Americans and other members of the African diaspora. "Things Fall Apart" (1958) by Chinua Achebe is one of the milestones in African literature. Other post-colonial authors have won numerous accolades, including the Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded to Wole Soyinka  in 1986, and the Booker Prize, awarded to Ben Okri in 1991 for "The Famished Road". Nigerians are also well represented among recipients of the Caine Prize and Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa. Northern Nigerian Literature. Northern Nigerian written literature can be divided into 4 main periods. The first is the 14 Kingdoms Period (10th-19th century), the second is the Sokoto period (19th-20th century), the third is the Colonial Period (20th century), and the fourth is the Post-Independence period (20th century to present). The Fourteen Kingdoms. This period had many authors who produced books that dealt with  theology, history, biography, mathematics, language, writing, documentaries, geography, astronomy, diplomacy and poetry. Post-Colonial Nigerian Writers. A number of writers, members of the Mbari Club of Prof. Ulli Beier, became popular in the immediate aftermath of Independence. Chinua Achebe achieved fame with his first book, "Things Fall Apart" (1958), and was awarded the Man Booker International prize in recognition of his entire career as a novelist and author in 2007. Other finalists for the prize included Ian McEwan and Salman Rushdie. In awarding the prize, Nadine Gordimer referred to Achebe as "the father of modern African literature". Nigeria has produced  a number of important writers, who have won accolades for their work, including Daniel O. Fagunwa, Femi Osofisan, Ken Saro-Wiwa, Cyprian Ekwensi, Buchi Emecheta, Elechi Amadi, and Tanure Ojaide. Wole Soyinka, a Yoruba native speaker writing mainly in English, received the 1986 Nobel Prize in literature, becoming the first black African to win the Nobel Prize for literature. Ben Okri won the 1991 Booker Prize for "The Famished Road". Also among writers of a younger generation are Chris Abani, Ayobami Adebayo, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Nuzo Onoh, Yemisi Aribisala, Sefi Atta, A. Igoni Barrett, Helon Habila, B.M. Dzukogi, Chigozie Obioma , Helen Oyeyemi, Nnedi Okorafor, Uju Obuekwe, Chinelo Okparanta, Sarah Ladipo Manyika, Chika Unigwe, Ogaga Ifowodo, Melekwe Anthony, Gift Foraine Amukoyo, Teju Cole, Niyi Osundare and Oyinkan Braithwaite. Some, including Ifowodo, Cole and Adichie, are based in the West. This is in part because of an established publishing industry, and in part from political repression at home: Soyinka was once sentenced to death in absentia, and Saro-Wiwa was hanged in 1995 for his environmental activism. A list of "100 Most Influential Nigerian Writers Under 40 (Year 2016)" was published on 28 December 2016 on the Nigerian Writers Awards website. Nigerian