National Service Training Program
The National Service Training Program (NSTP) is a civic education and defense preparedness program students instituted by the Government of the Philippines on 23 July 2001 by virtue of Republic Act 9163, otherwise known as the "National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001." Coverage. Under the NSTP Program, both male and female college students of any baccalaureate degree course or technical vocational course in public or private educational institutions are obliged to undergo one of three program components for an academic period of two semesters. The students, however, are free to choose which particular program  component to take. The three NSTP Program components are: Graduates of the ROTC program component are organized into the Citizen Armed Force, while graduates of the LTS and CWTS program components are organized into the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC) administered by the Department of National Defense, the Commission on Higher Education and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority. Precedents. There have been several legal precedents to the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001. These include: Commonwealth Act No. 1. Commonwealth Act No. 1, otherwise known as the "National Defense Act", was enacted by the National Assembly of  the Philippines on 21 December 1935. It provided for obligatory military service for all male citizens of ages between 18 and 30. Presidential Decree No. 1706. Presidential Decree No. 1706, otherwise known as the "National Service Law", was signed into law on 8 August 1980. It made national service obligatory for all Filipino citizens and specified three categories of national service: civic welfare service, law enforcement service and military service. Republic Act 7077. Republic Act 7077, otherwise known as the "Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act", was enacted by the 8th Congress of the Philippines on 27 June  1991. The Reservist Act provided for organization, training and utilization of reservists, referred to in the Act as "Citizen Soldiers". The primary pool of manpower for the reservist organization are graduates of the Reserve Officers' Training Corps basic and advance courses. Statistics. According to the Commission on Higher Education, over a ten-year period from 2002-2012 the CWTS component has produced 10,614,000 graduates, the highest among the three NSTP components. This is followed by the ROTC component, with 1,435,000 AFP reservists and the LTS component with 538,700 graduates.