I-bird nice tattoo design ngemuva emuva kwabesifazane. Le tattoo yenyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehamba ngezinkanyezi phakathi kwezimbali ezimibalabala impela ngempela. Izinyoni ziyimiphefumulo yamahhala ehlala ngokuzimela futhi ihamba ngokukhululekile kuyo yonke indawo. Longest isitimela amade emhlabeni made kakhulu! Lezi kulolu hambo kungathatha izinsuku eziningana bayigubungele izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. pala”. (This translates to “we are digging and we are seizing municipal land. The slogan was later adopted as a war song by Orlando Pirates, a soccer team formed in the township in 1937). Mpanza’s action was directed at the JMC. He had hoped that the forcible occupation of land would force the JMC to undertake a housing programme and provide his supporters with accommodation. The JMC remained steadfast in its refusal to expand the township’s housing programme. However, it was the CPSA and the ANC that condemned Mpanza as an opportunist using his supporters for his own nefarious ends. Mpanza became a tyrannical administrator of the camp, collecting rent and presiding over cases to prosecute those accused of criminal offenses. The ANC and CPSA continued their condemnation of Mpanza in successive Advisory Board meetings. Mpanza responded to this criticism by threatening ANC and CPSA members with violence and at one stage locked them out of the Orlando Communal Hall, the venue for Advisory Board meetings. Masakeng was condemned as a health hazard. During winter and rainy seasons the hessian sacks used to erect the structures exposed residents to the elements. Considering that many of the families had children and infants, the mortality rate at Masakeng became unbearable. This and Mpanza’s excesses in administering justice and possible embezzlement of funds flowing from exorbitant rentals he charged residents became the hub of ANC and CPSA criticism of Soweto’s messiah. The JMC responded more creatively to Mpan8 Page 14