ZeroRanger
ZeroRanger is a scrolling shooter developed by Finnish studio System Erasure and released for Microsoft Windows in September 2018. "ZeroRanger" is primarily a vertically scrolling shoot 'em up, with side scrolling in some levels. The player operates one of two spaceflight-capable fighter aircraft. Players unlock new weapons and abilities after defeating bosses, including the ability to transform into mechas. Gameplay. "ZeroRanger" takes place on an Earth-like planet called Daikon, where aliens known as Green Orange have invaded with the intent of destroying all life. The aliens take control of Daikon's planetary defense force with the exception  of two fighters. These two remaining fighters must combat their planet's possessed defense force before they can reach and destroy the main Green Orange vessel. The game has a central theme of enlightenment that is communicated to the player through riddle-like interludes. Development. Development of the game started with a piece of concept art in February 2008. The game was named "FINAL BOSS" and revealed in November 2009. The game was later given more unique names so that the game would be easier to search for on Google; the game was first renamed to "FINALBOSS", and in April  2018 it was again renamed, to "ZeroRanger". The first idea during development was to create a vertical scrolling shoot 'em up like "Guxt" by Studio Pixel. The idea later evolved to become a mash-up of elements from many different shoot 'em up games. Taking inspiration from the limited blue and white color scheme of "Guxt", "ZeroRanger" has a limited green and orange color scheme. The weapon collection system was at first taken from "Guxt", where players can collect weapons during stages, and through trial and error evolved to the current system where two weapons are dropped by defeated bosses  and players choose one of them. In 2011, the developers were particularly inspired by the "pure energy and spirit of adventure" from "Eschatos". Other influences cited by the developer include "Cho Ren Sha 68K", "Ikaruga", and "Flame Zapper Kotsujin". From "Cho Ren Sha 68K", the developers tried to incorporate its "feeling of intimidation before you're actually facing the danger". In "Ikaruga", "every enemy pattern is distinct from one another"; feeling the impact of this, the "ZeroRanger" developers aimed to minimize repetition. The release of the role-playing video game "Undertale" reinforced the developer's desire to make  a game with a good soundtrack. Accessibility was a big goal during the last few years of development. The developers became concerned about how beginners would think about the basic concepts of shoot 'em ups. Concepts such as "continues" were tailored for players new to shoot 'em ups; continues must be earned, and players using a continue must start at a checkpoint within the stage, ensuring that they are learning how to play that part of the game. The developers believed this system caused players to feel more invested in the game and more serious about completing it. The aim  was for "ZeroRanger" to be a very approachable "pick up and play" game, where players would not need to read guides to understand how to play the game. Scoring was a secondary goal during development. The developers did not want players to feel that they had to plan everything perfectly in order to maintain the game's combo-based score multiplier, or that there is only one correct weapon to use in each situation. The developers intended to release patches if players were to discover any issues that "break" the scoring. ZeroRanger was developed using GameMaker Studio as the game  engine. Development started with GameMaker 6, then moved to GameMaker 8, and later to GameMaker Studio. Switching between these versions caused thousands of compilation errors that were time-consuming to fix. Justifying the effort, the developer cited GameMaker Studio's performance improvements and its introduction of shaders that allowed colors to be easily changed during post-processing, letting the developer make color palettes for the game without having to create new sprites for each palette. Sprites were created using Microsoft Paint. With the exception of two commissioned tracks, all of the game's music was composed by Eero Lahtinen. Sound  effects were created using Sfxr, Bfxr and Audacity, as well as free sound libraries. Several music tracks and two game modes were not finished before the release of the game. The soundtrack to an earlier version of the game was released in February 2017. Reception. Both of the reviews aggregated by Metacritic gave "ZeroRanger" a score of 90/100, indicating that the game was received positively, though this is inconclusive due to a low quantity of aggregated scores. Reviewers noted that "ZeroRanger" was densely packed with references to other shoot 'em ups while still having its own identity. Dominic Tarason of  Rock, Paper, Shotgun called "ZeroRanger" a "lovingly assembled mix-tape featuring the best bits across all of shmup history". Marc Golding of "HonestGamers" called the game's green and orange color scheme a strange design choice that helped it stand out from other games in the genre; Golding also recognized the game's references to shoot 'em ups developed by Qute. ZeroRanger was praised for being relatively friendly to casual players, while still having the difficulty expected of arcade-style shoot 'em ups. According to Gabriel Jones of "Cubed3", players are "sufficiently challenged, but never frustrated". Players may die often  but are awarded extra lives often as well. Players can earn continues, and can start the game on any stage they have previously reached. Gabriel Jones observed that the game has a dynamic difficulty "rank" system, ensuring that players are treated to gameplay appropriate for their skill level. Flawless controls and a lack of undeserved deaths further contribute to making the game frustration-free. The response towards the game's difficulty was not universally favorable, as Miia Lyyra of "" criticized "ZeroRanger" for not including selectable difficulty in the initial release. She warned that the difficulty is not attractive to beginner  shoot 'em up players, and will leave experienced players thirsting for a greater challenge. Lyyra noted that the developers promised two more difficulty modes in a future update to the game, and suggested that beginners wait for that update. Lyyra felt that the game was otherwise perfect, and awarded it a high rating. Steven Wright of "Variety" placed "ZeroRanger" fourth on a list of the best indie games for 2018. Reviewers found themselves surprised by the deceptive length of the game.