Niran
Niran ( or ) is an Israeli settlement organized as a kibbutz in the West Bank. Located in Area C of the Jordan Valley near Jericho, it falls under the jurisdiction of Bik'at HaYarden Regional Council. In it had a population of . The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this. History. According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated 497 dunams of land from the Palestinian village of Al-Auja in order to construct Niran. Niran was established on 18 June 1971 as a Nahal settlement by the Nahal Command in collaboration  with the Agricultural Settlement Department of the Jewish Agency on land prepared by the Jewish National Fund. Niran began its existence as "a tented outpost of a few dozen persons." The barren conditions required that soil be carried up from surrounding valleys to make agriculture viable. During its time as a military outpost, it was used to prevent armed infiltration from Jordan and as a disciplinary assignment for delinquent Israeli soldiers. It was demilitarized and converted to a civilian kibbutz in 1977. It is named after the biblical city of Naaran. Culture. The kibbutz organizes workshops on Zionism, Judaism and  Israeli society. Some members of the kibbutz work in the date groves or at the local plastics factory, P.V.Ran, which manufactures packaging and wrappings for food products in compliance with international standards. Archaeological findings. The ruins of a 6th-century synagogue were discovered in Naaran, a short distance from the kibbutz. The site contains an ancient mosaic and archeological treasures and attracts both worshippers and pilgrims. In May 2012, the ancient synagogue was vandalized with graffiti that included swastikas and Palestinian flags.