Exodus (Bob Marley and the Wailers album)
Exodus is a 1977 album by Jamaican reggae band Bob Marley and the Wailers, first released in June 1977 through Island Records, following "Rastaman Vibration" (1976). The album's production has been characterized as laid-back with pulsating bass beats and an emphasis on piano, trumpet and guitar. Unlike previous albums from the band, "Exodus" thematically moves away from cryptic story-telling; instead it revolves around themes of change, religious politics, and sexuality. The album is split into two halves: the first half revolves around religious politics, while the second half is focused  on themes of making love and keeping faith. On 3 December 1976, an assassination attempt was made on Bob Marley's life in which his chest was grazed and his arm was struck with a bullet, but he survived. Following the assassination attempt, Marley left Jamaica and was exiled to London, where "Exodus" was recorded. The album was a success both critically and commercially; it received gold certifications in the US, UK and Canada, and was the album that propelled Marley to international stardom. In 2017, "Exodus" was remastered and re-released for its 40th anniversary. "Exodus" has more tracks  on Marley’s greatest hits compilation "Legend" than any of his other records. "Exodus" was his tenth album since the debut album "The Wailing Wailers" in 1965, including the live album "Live!" (1975). Background. In 1974 two of the original Wailers left the band. The band continued releasing material as "Bob Marley & The Wailers," as had sometimes been the case in the Lee Perry era (as with the Soul Rebels and Soul Revolution LPs). His current backing band included brothers Carlton and Aston "Family Man" Barrett on drums and bass respectively, Al Anderson and Junior Marvin on lead guitar, Tyrone  Downie and Earl "Wya" Lindo on keyboards, and Alvin "Seeco" Patterson on percussion. The I Threes, consisting of Judy Mowatt, Marcia Griffiths, and Marley's wife, Rita, provided backing vocals. In 1975, Marley had his international breakthrough with his first hit outside Jamaica, "No Woman, No Cry", from the "Natty Dread" album. This was followed by his breakthrough album in the United States, "Rastaman Vibration" (1976), which became the 48th best-selling album on the Billboard Soul Charts in 1978. Conception. Marley had conceived "Exodus" as the album title before even writing the song. In December 1976, Jamaica was going  through elections, generating substantial political discourse. In his campaign, Prime Minister Michael Manley used the campaign slogan "We know where we're going." In response Marley wrote "Exodus", which is the title track of the album. The song became a No. 1 hit in Jamaica as well as the United Kingdom and Germany. On 3 December 1976, while he was in his house in Jamaica, an assassination attempt on Marley's life drove him out of his native country: two days after the assassination attempt, Marley performed in the previously scheduled Smile Jamaica concert, then subsequently fled to England where  he later recorded the song "Exodus". In addition to Marley's assassination attempt, "his wife Rita — one of the I Threes, whose singing on "Exodus" is first-rate" was also shot and survived. No. 1 hit single. The song "Exodus" became a No. 1 hit in Jamaica as well as a top 20 hit in the United Kingdom where it reached number 14, and Germany. Music. "Exodus" is a reggae album that features a "laid-back" production and a "stoned atmosphere that's simultaneously funky and political" according to Cam, an Emeritus from Sputnikmusic. Cam described the album's musical  style as being "different", noting that Marley's style of reggae was not what was prominent in Jamaica during the time, and that the album's music sounds unlike any reggae that came before its release. Emeritus continued to describe the album's sound as being rooted in the blues and soul, with elements of British Rock with a reggae "façade thrown on top" however Emeritus praised this saying "if Exodus was straight reggae, it probably wouldn't be as good as it is." "Exodus" contains elements of pulsating bass beats, pianos and funk along with a "liquid-y bass , drumming and guitars with the inclusion of trumpets in the title track. Unlike previous albums Exodus lyrical content moves away from cryptic story-telling and instead is clearer and more straight forward, the lyrics touch upon themes of change, religious politics and sex. Vocally, Marley provides a minimalist approach, trying not to reach his falsettos. The album's track listing is split over two halves; the first half features songs of religious politics and opens with Natural Mystic", which is a slow tempo "fade up" song, followed by "So Much Things to Say", which was described by the BBC as  being "exuberant" and features a reggae scat. The following two songs "Guiltiness" and "The Heathen" explore darker territory, before ending on the album's title track. The second half of the album features songs revolving around sex and keeping faith. Critical reception. Cam from Sputnikmusic gave the album five out of five stars, calling it a "classic". Emeritus praised the album's "laid-back tones" and commended Marley's vocals and lyrical content. As described by "Rolling Stone" magazine, "Exodus" is an album with "the magnificent rhythm section of Aston Barrett, bass, and Carlton Barrett, drums, and the spidery lead  guitar of Julian "Junior" Marvin – and the flatness of the material Bob Marley has given them to work with" "Jamming", "Waiting in Vain", "One Love/People Get Ready", and "Three Little Birds" were all major international hits. "Exodus" peaked at number 20 on the "Billboard" 200 and at number 15 on the Black Albums chart, as well as remaining in the UK charts for 56 consecutive weeks, where it peaked at number 8. In 1999, "Time" magazine named "Exodus" the best album of the 20th century. In 2001, the TV network VH1 named it the 26th greatest album of all  time. In 2003, the album was ranked number 169 on "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, maintaining the rating in a 2012 revised list, re-ranking at number 71 in a 2020 revised list. Track listing. All tracks written by Bob Marley, except where noted. 2001 Deluxe edition. Tracks 12 and 14 are previously unreleased. Tracks 1–5 and tracks 8, 9, and 10 are previously unreleased. 2017 Exodus – 40th anniversary edition: "Exodus – The Movement Continues". On 3 June 2017, The Marley Family, Island Records and UMe marked the 40th anniversary of the "Exodus  original album with a series of four separate reissues, three of which – titled Exodus – The Movement Continues" – featuring the special release "Exodus 40", son Ziggy Marley's newly curated "restatement" of the original album: Section::::"CD editions". Disc one "Exodus" (1977 original release) (37:24) Disc two Disc three Section::::"Super Deluxe Vinyl limited edition box set". The Super Deluxe, four-LP, two-7" single vinyl version includes the original LP, Ziggy Marley's "Exodus 40" restatement, the "Exodus Live" set (minus the track "Burnin And Lootin"), the "Punky Reggae Party" LP (which includes a previously unreleased extended mix of "Keep On Moving"), and  a pair of vinyl 7" singles, including "Waiting in Vain" b/w "Roots" and "Smile Jamaica (Part One)" b/w "Smile Jamaica (Part Two)." Vinyl LP 1 "Exodus" (1977 original release) (37:24) Vinyl LP 2 "Exodus 40" (36:55) Vinyl LP 3 "Exodus Live" (Live at the Rainbow Theatre, London, June 1, 3 & 4, 1977) (47:15) Vinyl LP 4 – "Punky Reggae Party" (31:25) Vinyl single 1 – "Waiting in Vain" (8:31) Vinyl single 2 – "Smile Jamaica" (8:15)