Edward Black (producer)
Edward Black (18 August 1900, Birmingham - 30 November 1948, London) was a British film producer, best known for being head of production at Gainsborough Studios in the late 1930s and early 1940s, during which time he oversaw production of the Gainsborough melodramas. He also produced such classic films as "The Lady Vanishes" (1938). Black has been called "one of the unsung heroes of the British film industry." In 1946 Mason called Black "the one good production executive" that J. Arthur Rank had. Frank Launder called Black "a great showman and yet he had a great feeling for  scripts and spent more time on them than anyone I have ever known. His experimental films used to come off as successful as his others." Black specialized in making comedies, thrillers and low-budget musicals. He had a lot of success making comedy vehicles for stars such as Will Hay and Arthur Askey. He also produced early films from Carol Reed and Alfred Hitchcock and was an early supporter of writer directors Sidney Gilliat and Frank Launder. Early life. Black was the third son of George Black, a property master at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, who became a cinema owner . George Black became a manager of a touring waxworks show then travelling cinema; in 1905 he set up the Monkwearmouth Picture Hall in Sounderland - this was one of the first permanent cinemas in Britain. He bought two more before he died in 1910. His and his sons Ted, George and Alfred built up the cinema to a circuit of thirteen cinemas in the Tyneside area. In 1919 they sold them and set about establishing another circuit. In 1928 they told this to the General Theatre Corporation. When that was taken over by Gaumont-British, Ted became a cinema circuit manager . In 1930 he went into production. Gaumont British. In 1930 Black became an assistant production manager at Shepherd’s Bush and then studio manager at Islington. In 1935 he and Sidney Gilliat were associate producers on "Tudor Rose". Black then took over the running of Islington studios. Gainsborough. In December 1936, Michael Balcon left Gaumont-British for MGM. In March 1937 Shepherd’s Bush studios and Gaumont-British Distributors were closed. However Gainsborough continued as a production center thanks to a deal with C.M. Woolf and J. Arthur Rank’s General Film Distributors. Black was in charge along with Maurice  Ostrer. They made movies for Gainsborough and 20th Century Fox. According to RObert Murphy, "Black concentrated on making films for British audiences. Like his brother George at the London Palladium, Ted had an almost superstitious faith in his ability to divine popular taste and was wary about involving himself with anything that might dilute it." Alfred Roome, an editor at Gainsborough, said "We often wondered why Ted Black didn’t mix with the elite of his profession. I don’t think he ever went to a premiere, star parties and the like. One day he explained his apparent aloofness. He  said he didn’twant to get contaminated by people outside his band of entertainment. ‘If I mix with the intellectual lot, it’ll impair my judgement’, he said." Black helped promote new stars like Margaret Lockwood, Michael Redgrave and Phyllis Calbert. He also used music hall performers like Will Hay, Will Fyffe and the Crazy Gang, and the radio comedian Arthur Askey. Black was very strong in promoting writers. Frank Launder said "Ted believed in writers. To him the screenplay was the be-all and end- all. He enjoyed script conferences and went in for them wholesale, which made it pretty  arduous going for the script editor as well as the writers and directors." In January 1939 Gaumont signed a deal with 20th Century Fox. World War Two. With the advent of World War Two, Black arranged for Gainsborough to move from Islington to Shepher's Bush. He had Gaumont make more comedies such as "The Bang Waggon". In the words of one writer, Black "held the studio together during its most difficult period, backed Laundner and Gilliat in establishing a strong script department, retained the services of some of the best cameramen in the business, and put under contract a  number of promising actors." He worked with George Arliss on "Dr Syn". In 1940 Arlis wrote about Black: Launder and Gilliat. Black was a supporter of Launder and Gilliat as writers, working with them on "The Lady Vanishes" and "Night Train to Munich". He gave them their first opportunity as directors. Gainsborough melodramas. Black produced the first Gainsborough melodrama, "The Man in Grey" (1943) directed by Leslie Arliss. The movie was a huge success, making stars out of its four leads, Margaret Lockwood, James Mason, Stewart Granger and Phyllis Calvert. Black followed it with "Fanny By Gaslight", with Calvert, Mason , Granger and Jean Kent, directed by Anthony Asquith. Black's relationship with Maurice Ostrer was not always easy and he also clashed with the Rank Organisation when they took over Gainsborough. In 1944 Black left Gainsborough to join Alexander Korda. Alex Korda. Black made two films for Korda, "Man About the House" and "Bonnie Prince Charlie". He was going to make a film about the police force, "To Watch and to Ward". Death. Black died of lung cancer on 30 November 1948 at the age of 48, shortly after the premiere of his final film, "Bonnie Prince Charlie" (1948), which  was a commercial failure.