Isehlukaniso nezingane | Umthetho nokuningi BV
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Lapho uhlukana, kunezinguquko eziningi emndenini wakho. Uma unezingane, umthelela wedivosi uzoba mkhulu kakhulu kuwona. Izingane ezincane ikakhulukazi zingakuthola kunzima lapho abazali bazo behlukanisa. Kuzo zonke izimo, kubalulekile ukuthi isimo sezingane esizinzile silinyazwe kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Kubalulekile futhi kuyisibopho esingokomthetho sokwenza izivumelwano nezingane ngempilo yomndeni ngemuva kwesehlukaniso. Izinga lokhu okungenziwa ngalo ndawonye nezingane ngokusobala kuya ngeminyaka yezingane. Isehlukaniso futhi inqubo yenhliziyo ezinganeni. Izingane zivame ukuthembeka kubo bobabili abazali futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngeke ziveze imizwa yazo yangempela ngesikhathi sesehlukaniso. Ngakho-ke, nabo kufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Ezinganeni ezincane, ngeke kucace ngokuphelele ekuqaleni ukuthi isehlukaniso sizosho ukuthini kubo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi izingane zazi ukuthi zimi kuphi nokuthi zinganikeza imibono yazo ngesimo sayo sokuphila ngemuva kwesehlukaniso. Vele, ngabazali ekugcineni okufanele benze isinqumo.
Uhlelo lokukhulisa izingane
Ngokuvamile abazali abahlukanisa umshado bavame ukufunwa ngumthetho ukwenza uhlelo lobuzali. Kungayiphi indlela ukuphoqeleka kubazali abashadayo noma ababambisene ngokubambisana (abanesibambiso esihlanganisiwe) noma sokugcina abazali ngokugcinwa okuhlanganyelwe. Uhlelo lokukhulisa izingane wumbhalo lapho abazali beqopha izivumelwano zokusebenzisa kwabo ukuba ngabazali.
Kunoma ikuphi, uhlelo lokuba ngumzali kumele lube nezivumelwano mayelana:
ukuthi uhlanganyele kanjani izingane ekwakheni uhlelo lokuba ngumzali;
ukuthi uhlukanisa kanjani ukunakekelwa nokukhuliswa (umgomo wokunakekela) noma ukuthi usebenzelana kanjani nezingane (umthetho wokufinyelela);
uvunyelwe ukunikezana ulwazi kangaki ngomntwana wakho futhi uvame kangakanani
indlela yokwenza izinqumo ndawonye ngezihloko ezibalulekile, njengokukhetha kwesikole;
izindleko zokunakekelwa nokukhuliswa (ukusekelwa kwengane).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, nabazali bangaphinde bakhethe ukufaka okunye ukuqokwa ehlelweni lokuba ngumzali. Isibonelo, lokho nina njengabazali enikubona kubalulekile ekukhuliseni, imithetho ethile (isikhathi sokulala, umsebenzi wesikole) noma ukubukwa kwesijeziso. Izivumelwano zokuxhumana nemindeni yomabili nazo zingafakwa ezinhlelweni zokuba ngumzali.
Ukulawulwa komthetho noma ilungiselelo lokuxhumana
Ingxenye yecebo lokuba ngumzali umthetho wokunakekelwa noma umthetho wokuxhumana. Bazali abanegunya elihlanganyelwe labazali bangavumelana ngelungiselelo lokunakekelwa. Le mithetho iqukethe izivumelwano mayelana nokuthi abazali bahlukanisa kanjani imisebenzi yokunakekela nokukhulisa izingane. Uma kungumzali oyedwa kuphela onegunya lokuba ngumzali, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ilungiselelo lokuxhumana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzali ongenagunya labazali angaqhubeka nokubona ingane, kepha lowo mzali akanasibopho sokunakekelwa nokukhuliswa kwengane.
Ukwakha uhlelo lokuba ngumzali
Empeleni, kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi abazali abakwazi ukwenza izivumelwano mayelana nezingane bese beqopha ezinhlelweni zokuba ngumzali. Uma ungakwazi ukwenza izivumelwano nomlingani wakho wangaphambili ngokuba ngumzali ngemuva kwesehlukaniso, ungacela usizo lwabameli bethu noma abablamuli abanolwazi. Sizokujabulela ukukusiza ukweluleke futhi wakhe icebo lokuba ngumzali.
Kulungiswa uhlelo lwabazali
Kuyisiko ukuthi uhlelo lokukhulisa izingane kudingeka lushintshe ngemuva kweminyaka ethile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izingane ziya ngokuthuthuka njalo nezimo ezihambisana nazo zingashintsha. Cabanga ngesibonelo sesimo lapho omunye wabazali engasebenzi, ahambise indlu, njll. Ngakho-ke kungakuhlakanipha ukuvuma kusengaphambili ukuthi uhlelo lokuba ngumzali, ngokwesibonelo, luzobuyekezwa njalo eminyakeni emibili bese lungiswa uma kunesidingo.
Ingabe unezingane nomlingani wakho futhi niyehlukana? Lapho-ke isibopho sakho sesondlo sokunakekela izingane zakho siyasala. Akukhathalekile ukuthi ubushade noma uhlala kuphela nomuntu obethandana naye. Wonke umzali unesibopho sokunakekela izingane zakhe ngokwezezimali. Uma izingane zihlala kakhulu nalowo obethandana naye, kuzofanela ufake isandla ekunakekelweni kwezingane. Unesibopho sokunakekela. Isibopho sokuxhasa izingane sibizwa ngokuthi ukwesekwa kwengane. Ukunakekelwa kwezingane kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho izingane zineminyaka engama-21.
Inani elincane lokusekelwa kwengane
Inani elincane lokuxhaswa kwengane ngama-euro angama-25 ngengane ngayinye ngenyanga. Leli nani lingasetshenziswa kuphela uma okweletayo enemali engenayo ephansi.
Inani eliphezulu lokusekelwa kwengane
Asikho isamba esikhulu sokuxhaswa kwengane. Lokhu kuya emalini etholwa yibo bobabili abazali nezidingo zengane. I-alimony ngeke iphinde ibe ngaphezu kwalesi sidingo.
Inkomba yesondlo sezingane
Inani lokusekelwa kwengane lenyuka njalo ngonyaka. UNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa unquma unyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti amangaki okuxhaswa kwengane ekhuphuka. Ekusebenzeni, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-indexation ye-alimony. Inkomba iyiphoqelekile. Umuntu okhokha i-alimony kufanele afake lesi sikhombi minyaka yonke ngoJanuwari. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, umzali onelungelo lesondlo angafuna umehluko. Ingabe ungumzali uthola i-alimony futhi umlingani wakho wangaphambili wenqaba ukukhomba inani le-alimony? Sicela uxhumane nabameli bethu bomthetho bomndeni abanolwazi. Bangakusiza ekufuneni inkomba yokudlulela kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungenziwa kuze kube eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.
Uma ungeyena umzali onakekelayo, kepha onamalungiselelo wokuvakasha okusho ukuthi izingane zinawe njalo, lapho-ke usifanelekile isaphulelo sokunakekelwa. Lesiaphulelo sizodonswa ekusekelweni kwengane okufanele kukhokhwe. Inani lalesiaphulelo lincike elungiselelweni lokuvakasha futhi liphakathi kwamaphesenti ayi-15 namaphesenti angama-35. Lapho uthintana kakhulu nengane yakho, yehlisa inani le-alimony okumele likhokhwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uthola izindleko eziningi uma izingane zinawe kaningi.
Izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-18
Isibopho sokunakekela izingane zakho sihlala size sifinyelele eminyakeni engama-21. Kusukela eminyakeni eyi-18 ingane isencane. Kusukela kulowomzuzu kuqhubeke, awusenalutho oluhlangene nomlingani wakho wangaphambili mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezingane. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho ineminyaka engu-18 futhi iyeka isikole, lokho kuyisizathu sokumisa ukusekelwa kwengane. Uma engayanga esikoleni, angaya emsebenzini wesikhathi esigcwele ukuze azondle ngokwakhe.
Empeleni, izivumelwano ezenziwe maqondana nokunakekelwa kwengane ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza kuze kube yilapho izingane zineminyaka engama-21. Uma kwenzeka okuthile kuguquka okwamanje okuthinta amandla akho okukhokha, ukusekelwa kwengane nakho kungalungiswa ngokufanele. Ungacabanga ngokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho, uhola okuningi, ilungiselelo elihlukile lokuxhumana noma ukushada futhi. Zonke lezi zizathu zokubukeza i-alimony. Abameli bethu abanolwazi bangakwenza ukuphinda kuzimele ezimeni ezinjalo. Elinye ikhambi ukubiza kumlamuleli ukuthi eze ezivumelwaneni ezintsha ndawonye. Abalamuli abanolwazi kule nkampani yethu bangakusiza ngalokhu.
Ukukhulisa abazali ngokubambisana
Ngokuvamile izingane ziyahamba zihlala nabazali bazo ngemuva kwesehlukaniso. Kepha kungahluka futhi. Uma bobabili abazali bekhetha ukukhulisa izingane ngokubambisana, izingane ziphila ngokuhlukile nabazali bobabili. Ukukhulisa abazali kungaba yilapho abazali behlukanisa imisebenzi yokunakekela nokukhulisa izingane ngokulingana. Izingane-ke zihlala njengoba zinjalo noyise wazo kanye nonina.
Ukubonisana okuhle kubalulekile
Abazali ababheka uhlelo lokufundisa izingane ngokubambisana kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi badinga ukuxhumana njalo njalo. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi bakwazi ukubonisana noma ngabe sekwedlule isehlukaniso, ukuze ukuxhumana kuhambe kahle.
Izingane zichitha cishe isikhathi esiningi nomzali oyedwa njengoba zinomunye ngale ndlela yokuba ngumzali. Lokhu kuvame ukujabulisa izingane. Ngale ndlela yokuba ngumzali, bobabili abazali bathola okuningi empilweni yansuku zonke yengane. Lokho futhi kuyinzuzo enkulu.
Ngaphambi kokuthi abazali baqale ukukhulisa izingane ngokubambisana, kudingeka bavumelane ngezinto ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo nezingokwezezimali. Izivumelwano mayelana nalokhu zingafakwa ohlelweni lokuba ngumzali.
Ukusatshalaliswa kokunakekelwa akudingeki kube yi-50/50 ncamashi
Ekusebenziseni, ukukhulisa abazali ngokubambisana kuvame ukusatshalaliswa cishe ngokulinganayo kokunakekelwa. Isibonelo, izingane izinsuku ezintathu zinomzali oyedwa futhi izinsuku ezine nomunye umzali. Akudingeki-ke ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kokunakekelwa kube yi-50/50 impela. Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali babheke okungokoqobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukwahlukanisa okungu-30/70 kungabhekwa njengelungiselelo lokuba ngumzali ngokubambisana.
Uhlelo lokufundisa ngokubambisana alulawulwa ngumthetho. Ngokuyinhloko, abazali benza izivumelwano zabo ngokuthi yiziphi izindleko ababelana ngazo nabangazenzi. Umehluko ungenziwa phakathi siqu izindleko nezindleko izokwabiwa. Izindleko Zakho zichazwa njengezindleko umuntu ngamunye azithobela zona. Izibonelo eziqashiswayo, izingcingo kanye nokudla. Izindleko ezizokwabiwa zingafaka izindleko ezitholwe ngumzali oyedwa egameni lezingane. Isibonelo: imishwalense, ukubhaliswa, iminikelo noma imali yesikole.
Ukukhulisa abazali ngokubambisana kanye ne-alimony
Kuvame ukucatshangelwa ukuthi akukho -onyony okumele ikhokhwe uma kwenzeka ubeletha ngabazali. Lokhu kucabanga akulungile. Ekukhuliseni abazali bobabili nabazali banezindleko ezifanayo zezingane. Uma omunye wabazali engenayo imali ephakeme kunenye, angakwazi ukuthwala izindleko zezingane kalula. Umuntu ohola imali ephezulu kakhulu kulindeleke ukuba akhokhe enye imali yokuxhaswa kwengane komunye umzali. Ngale njongo, ukubalwa kwe-alimony kungenziwa ngomunye wabameli bethu bomthetho womndeni abanolwazi. Ababelethi nabo bangavumelana ngalokhu ndawonye. Okunye okungenzeka ukuvula i-akhawunti yezingane. Kule akhawunti, abazali bangenza imali ekhokhwa njalo ngenyanga futhi, ngokwesibonelo, inzuzo yengane. Ngemuva kwalokho, izindleko zezingane zale akhawunti zingenziwa.
Ngabe uhlela ukuthola isehlukaniso futhi ufuna ukuhlela yonke into kahle ngangokunokwenzeka ezinganeni zakho? Noma ingabe usunezinkinga ngokusekelwa kwengane noma ukukhulisa abazali ngokubambisana nawe ngemuva kokwehlukanisa Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nabameli beMithetho nokuningi. Sizokujabulela ukululeka futhi sikuqondise.
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