Jawshan Kabir
Jawshan Kabeer () is a long Shia Islamic prayer that contains 1001 names and attributes of God, and is also widely used in many Sunni Muslim traditions, especially in Turkey. "Jawshan" means "steel plate" or "mail" and thus the name of the prayer refers to Muhammad’s heavy armor in battle. According to Muslims, God taught the prayer to him as a protection from injuries in war, instead of hard armor. The prayer was codified by Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin and mentioned in "Balad al-Amin". History. The Islamic prophet Mohammed used hard and heavy armor during  fighting in the war. Because of the tightness of his armor, his body was injured. According to Muslims, during the war, the angel Jibra'il (Gabriel) came and brought him a message from God, teaching prayer to Muhammad to protect him from bad events. Jibra'il said: "O’ Muhammad! Your God conveys his salutations to you and has said to take this coat of armor and to recite it as this is a protection for you and your Ummah." The prayer became his armor to protect him against injuries. The name of the prayer was taken from Muhammad’s heavy armor, called  Jawshan, in the battle. Text. The context of the prayer was written by Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin and came to him from his great grandfather Muhammad by word of mouth. Afterwards, a narrator and "faqih" of Shia Islam, Ibrahim ibn Ali A’meli Kafa’mi, mentioned the Jawshan Kabir context in book Balad al-Amin. The Jawshan Kabir prayer contains 100 parts. 25 of these parts start with "I entreat You by Your Name". Names of God are recited after the phrase. In all, the supplication comprises 250 names of Allah and 750 attributes of Allah and request from Allah . For this reason, the Jawshan Kabir prayer is known as "Ism-e-A’ẓam", i.e., the greatest name (of God). A same phrase is repeated at the end of each part. The meaning of this sentence is "Praise be to Thee, there is no God but Thee, The Granter of all Succor (Mercy!, Mercy!), Protect us from the Fire, O Lord." Part of the Jawshan Kabir Prayer. اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّی أَسْأَلُکَ بِاسْمِکَ یَا حَنَّانُ یَا مَنَّانُ یَا دَیَّانُ یَا بُرْهَانُ یَا سُلْطَانُ یَا رِضْوَانُ یَا غُفْرَانُ یَا سُبْحَانُ یَا مُسْتَعَانُ یَا ذَا الْمَنِّ وَ الْبَیَانِ سُبْحانَكَ يا لا اِلهَ اِلاّ اَنْتَ الْغَوْثَ  الْغَوْثَ خَلِّصْنا مِنَ النّارِ يا رَبِّ English translation of the part is: I entreat You by Your Names: All-Glorified are You; there is no deity but You! Mercy! Mercy! Save us from the Fire! Descriptions. Shiite scholars have written commentaries on the prayer of Jowshan Kabir. The most famous commentary is the commentary of Mullah Hadi Sabzevari. This description is partly mystical and philosophical . Sabzevari has testified to Persian and Arabic poems based on prayer verses and has referred to Firoozabadi's dictionary of lexicon for lexical issues. He has also raised philosophical, mystical, and theological issues on a  variety of occasions Recitation. Muslims often read the Jawshan kabir in Laylat al-Qadr in Ramadan but some Hadiths recommend reading it at the beginning of Ramadan. Imam Ali said to his son, Husayn ibn Ali, to memorize and write this supplication on his "kafan" (burial shroud). Also, there are several hadiths from the prophet Muhammad that state that whoever recites this prayer will receive rewards in the world and Akhirah. Abbas Qumi wrote the prayer in his book "Mafatih al-Janan". Writing. According to the book of Urwath al-Wutha of Mohammed Kazem Yazdi, writing Dua Jawshan Kabir (as  well as writing the whole of Quran and Du'a Jawshan Sagheer) on the shroud is deemed as a Mustahab practice; it has also been mentioned through Husayn ibn Ali that it is permissible to write Jawshan Kabir and Jawshan Saqeer on the shroud, but, in order not to be Najis, it is better not to write on the parallel or lower of Awrah.