The Dreams of Tipu Sultan
Tipu Sultan Kanda Kanasu (English: The Dreams of Tipu Sultan) is a 1997 Kannada play written by Girish Karnad. The play has been performed many times by different groups around the world but mostly in India and Pakistan. The story follows the last days as well as the historic moments in the life of the Ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan, (1750–1799) through the eyes of an Indian court historian and a British Oriental scholar. Girish Karnad's play is based on a Farsi manuscript written by Tipu Sultan in his own handwriting preserved in the  India Office Library. It was later translated and published as "The Dreams of Tipu Sultan". In this text, Tipu Sultan recorded some of his dreams from 1785 to 1798. Several of the dreams are about defeating the unbelievers, the Marathas and the Nazarenes (i.e, the English), and visions of the Prophet, the companions of the Prophet and Islamic sages. Girish Karnad's play uses four of the 37 dreams for his play: Dream 9, Dream 10, Dream 13 and fourth one as having victory over the British. Mir Hussain Ali Khan Kirmani (active 1781-1802), who wrote "History of Tipu  Sultan: Being a Continuation of The Neshani Hyduri" (an English Translation appeared in 1864), is also a character in Girish Karnad's play. The Jordanian scholars Khawaldeh and Neimneh conclude in an article that "what Karnad wishes to achieve, through this counter-historical theatrical project, is to dismantle the image of the ruthless and unprincipled 'Other' propagated by British historians, dramatists, and performers by creating or even recreating an alternative humane and noble character of Tipu Sultan."