Bishnu S. Atal
Bishnu S. Atal (born 1933) is an Indian physicist and engineer. He is a noted researcher in acoustics, and is best known for developments in speech coding. He advanced linear predictive coding (LPC) during the late 1960s to 1970s, and developed code-excited linear prediction (CELP) with Manfred R. Schroeder in 1985. In 1987, Atal was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering for innovative research in the area of linear predictive coding of speech. Biography. Atal was born in India, and received his BS degree in physics (1952) from the University of Lucknow , a diploma in electrical communication engineering (1955) from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and a PhD in electrical engineering (1968) from Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. From 1957 to 1960, he was a lecturer in acoustics at the Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. In 1961 Atal joined Bell Laboratories, where his subsequent research focused on acoustics and speech, making major contributions in the field of speech analysis, synthesis, and coding, including low bit-rate speech coding and automatic speech recognition. He advanced and promoted linear predictive coding (1967), and developed code-excited linear prediction (1985) with  Manfred R. Schroeder. He retired in 2002 to become affiliate professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Washington. Atal holds more than 16 U.S. patents, and is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and National Academy of Sciences, and a fellow of the Acoustical Society of America and of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. He received the 1986 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award "for pioneering contributions to linear predictive coding for speech processing", and the 1993 IEEE ASSP Society Award for contributions to linear prediction of speech, multipulse, and code-excited source coding. He  is the Franklin Institute's 2003 Benjamin Franklin Medal Laureate in Engineering.