Grant-Hadley Enterprises
Grant-Hadley Enterprises was the first of three names used by an American small press publishing house specializing in science fiction titles. The company was founded in 1945 by Donald M. Grant and Thomas G. Hadley and published one title as Grant-Hadley Enterprises. Kenneth J. Krueger joined the company in 1946 and the name was changed to The Buffalo Book Company. Later in 1946, Hadley continued the company on his own as The Hadley Publishing Co. Grant-Hadley Enterprises. Donald M. Grant first met Thomas G. Hadley at Dana's Old Corner Bookstore in Providence, Rhode  Island in 1945. The bookstore had recently acquired the library of fellow Providence native, H. P. Lovecraft, from his estate. Grant and Hadley wanted to see if there was anything of interest. In the course of the chance meeting, they struck up a conversation about Lovecraft and decided that there should be a volume of memoirs by Providence natives who had known Lovecraft. They ended up publishing "Rhode Island on Lovecraft" which was successful enough to warrant a second edition. The Buffalo Book Company. Kenneth J. Krueger, a science fiction fan and book seller from Buffalo, New York, was drafted  in 1945 and eventually stationed near Providence. Krueger joined the venture bringing with him a mailing list from his book selling business. At this point, Donald Grant had also entered the military and was stationed in Texas. Krueger talked Tom Hadley into changing the name of the publisher to The Buffalo Book Company. The first book published by The Buffalo Book Company was "The Time Stream", by John Taine. According to Jack Chalker, the book did not sell well which delayed their second publication of "The Skylark of Space" by E. E. Smith. On the other hand, Robert Weinberg states  that: "While neither book was particularly well put together or packaged, they sold well, especially the Smith title. The Hadley Publishing Co.. Lloyd Arthur Eshbach ordered a copy of "Skylark of Space" from The Buffalo Book Company, in 1945 or 1946. Frustrated by the publishing delays, Eshbach wrote to the Buffalo Book Company offering suggestions as to how they could better market their books. Thus started a correspondence between Eshbach and Tom Hadley with Eshbach continuing to offer advice. At this point Ken Krueger had moved back to Buffalo and Don Grant was attending college, though he continued to offer  recommendations on what to publish. Hadley decided to continue the company on his own, renaming it The Hadley Publishing Co. According to Robert Weinberg, "making things even more complicated, Hadley and Grant later published a third edition of The Skylark of Space under the banner of FFF: Publishers. All of the Hadley volumes used ugly typefaces and were illustrated by barely competent fan artists. They reflected an enthusiasm for publishing but a lack of knowledge about the basics of the publishing business."