Marquette (automobile)
Marquette was a brand used on several different automobiles, most recently on Buick's companion make for the 1929, 1930 and 1931 model years. History. Early history. The name Marquette was first used for an automobile when the Berwick Auto Car Company of Grand Rapids, Michigan, frequently took it as a model designation for their electric car in 1904. For General Motors, William Durant bought the Rainier Motor Car Company in May 1909, which was in severe financial trouble. A new company, the Marquette Motor Company was established in Saginaw, Michigan, to continue production of the luxurious Rainier  motor car until 1911. Further, they manufactured parts for another luxury make belonging to General Motors, the Welch Motor Car Company (1903–1911), and its cheaper sister car, the Welch-Detroit (1910–1911). Management was controlled by Buick officers. After Durant left GM for the first time in September 1910, it was tried to make both the Rainier and the Welch profitable with the Marquette, a new make was introduced. It produced two car lines, both with huge 4-cylinder engines. The 40 hp line, essentially an improved and elongated Rainier (122 instead of 120 in. wheelbase), was available in four open  body styles: The chassis had a wheelbase of 122 inches. Each sold for US$3,000. ($ in dollars ) The 45 hp line consisted of one model only, the Model 28 7-passenger touring. It had a wheelbase of 119 inches, and sold for $4,000. ($ in dollars ) It seems that this reorganization was not successful, as GM announced the end of the Marquette still in 1912. Probably, some of the last Marquettes were labeled as Peninsular. The factory was repurposed as Saginaw Metal Casting Operations which is still in operation. As a companion make. The Marquette nameplate was revived  when the Buick Division of General Motors launched their junior brand for model year 1930. Along with Viking, LaSalle, and Pontiac, the Marquette was conceived to span a price gap in General Motors' market segmentation plan, and shared the GM B platform with the Buick Standard Six and Buick Master Six. Marquette was placed below Buick, but above Viking which was to be sold in Oldsmobile dealerships. The Marquette "arrived" in dealer showrooms on June 1, 1929. The Marquette line rode on an wheelbase and was powered by an L-head straight six producing which was uncharacteristic of Buick products  using overhead valves. Marquette was built to sell in the $1,000 range, and was available in a single car range. This Series 30 consisted of six body styles: The Marquette's most distinctive styling feature was its herringbone grille. Reviewers at the time described it either looking like a small Oldsmobile or small Cadillac. Compared to Oldsmobile's Viking, which enjoyed a total production run of only 7,224 over three model years (1929, 1930, 1931) Marquette produced 35,007 vehicles in the U.S. during its brief one year life span; additionally, GM Canada turned out another 6,535 Marquettes. Despite its  promising first year sales, two factors worked against the Marquette. The first involved Oldsmobile, which lost sales to Marquette; the second was that Buick executives did not feel that enough Marquettes were sold to warrant the extra burden on the bottom line given the state of the economy. Buick gave no advance warning of the termination of the Marquette; just four months before the shutdown, 4,000 Marquette signs were shipped to dealers in the hope of better days ahead. The entry-level position held by Marquette was replaced by the new entry-level Buick Special. After the shutdown of Marquette , the engine production tools were shipped to Germany where it was used to power the original Opel Blitz. This was the first link between Opel and Buick, a sporadic tie-up which was to last until General Motors finally severed ties with Opel in the 21st century.