Flora Lewis. Pizza consumption has exploded in the U.S with the introduction of pizza chains such as Domino's, Pizza Hut, and Papa John's. Two entrepreneurs, Ike Sewell and Ric Riccardo, invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza, in 1943. They opened their own restaurant on the corner of Wabash and Ohio, Pizzeria Uno. Pizza chains sprang up with pizza's popularity rising. Leading early pizza chains were Shakey's Pizza, founded in 1954 in Sacramento, California; Pizza Hut, founded in 1958 in Wichita, Kansas; and Little Caesars, founded in 1959 in Garden City, Michigan. Later restaurant chains in the dine-in 	History of pizza
548576	pizza market were Bertucci's, Happy Joe's, Monical's Pizza, California Pizza Kitchen, Godfather's Pizza, and Round Table Pizza, as well as Domino's, Pizza Hut, Little Caesars and Papa John's. Pizzas from take and bake pizzerias, and chilled or frozen pizzas from supermarkets make pizza readily available nationwide. 13% of the US population consumes pizza on any given day. History of pizza The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced basic flatbreads with several toppings. A precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flatbread known to the Romans as , to which 	History of pizza
548577	Flora Lewis Flora Lewis Flora Lewis (25 July 1922—June 2, 2002) was an American journalist. Background. Lewis was born into a Jewish family in Los Angeles. Her father Benjamin Lewis was a lawyer and mother Pauline Kallin a pianist. She graduated high school at the age of 15 and earned a BA from the University of California at Los Angeles graduating summa cum laude" three years later. She was also elected to Phi Beta Kappa and received her master's degree from Columbia University's School of Journalism in 1942 just before turning 20. Career. In 1942, Lewis joined The Associated  Press (AP) in New York and Washington. In 1945, the AP sent her to London, where she married Sydney Gruson, a "New York Times" correspondent. For the next 20 years, she was based in London, Jerusalem, Prague, Warsaw, Geneva, Bonn, Paris and Mexico City. European publishers included "The Observer", "The Economist", the "International Herald Tribune" in Paris, "The Financial Times" in London and "France-Soir" in Paris. From 1956 to 1966, Lewis was a reporter for "The Washington Post", where her work landed her on the master list of Nixon political opponents. In 1966, "Newsday" published and syndicated her first  column. In 1972, "The New York Times" appointed her foreign and diplomatic correspondent. "The Times" then had a rule against hiring wives of its correspondents, Lewis, however, contributed frequently to "The New York Times Magazine" and wrote for other publications. She has the distinction of being the first woman to be given her own column on the "New York Times" op-ed page. Personal and death. From 1945 to 1972, Lewis was married to "New York Times" correspondent, editor, and publishing executive Sydney Gruson. She and Gruson had three children: Kerry (born in Ireland), Sheila (born in Israel), and Lindsey  (born in Mexico). Writing for the Jewish Women's Archive, Ari Goldman described her thus: It was a kosher home where Jewish holidays were observed, one family member recalled, but Lewis retained little attachment to traditional Jewish life in her adulthood. In her dispatches she often showed sympathy for Israel, but also felt free to criticize the Jewish state when she thought its policies were wrongheaded. She titled a 1990 column on Israel "Lament for Jerusalem." It expressed a sense of disappointment but also of love, especially for the city’s longtime mayor, Teddy Kollek (b. 1911). She wrote: "If  there’s a living soul who embodies the city of Jerusalem, it’s Teddy Kollek. This is a lament for the city, and for him, because he has made his life's work trying to revive it, beautify it and bring it harmony." She died of cancer in Paris in 2002. Recognition and awards. Lewis received many awards for her journalism including for distinguished diplomatic reporting from Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. She received honorary doctorates from the University of California at Los Angeles, Columbia, Princeton, Mount Holyoke, Bucknell, Muhlenberg and Manhattan Marymount. She received four awards from  the Overseas Press Club: for foreign-affairs reporting (1957), daily newspaper or wire interpretation of foreign affairs (1963, 1977), and analysis of foreign affairs in Western Europe (1979). She also received the Edward Weintal Award (1978); the Cross of the Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, France's highest peacetime award (1981); the Matrix Award for Newspapers from New York Women in Communication (1985), and the Elmer Holmes Bobst Award in Arts and Letters from New York University (1987). Impact. For her obituary, the "New York Times" wrote: Heads of government and ordinary readers in the United States and Europe , where she lived for much of her career, looked to Flora Lewis's columns not only for her access to people in high places, but also for the dogged reporting and the sophisticated analysis that resulted. Seymour Brody likens Lewis's life to "that of a juggler in trying to balance her role as a journalist, wife, and mother," concluding that her achievements in the male-dominated profession "opened the way for other women to enter and to succeed in the newspaper industry." Rupert Cornwell stated that "Lewis had formidable assets, starting with an access to those in power that  often made her colleagues green with envy. More important, she possessed a mind that could cut to the essential of an issue with astonishing speed. To her writing she brought a clarity and analytical power that enabled her to explain complicated issues without ignoring all-important nuances." By contrast, columnist Eric Alterman wrote that at the "Times", Lewis "filed from Paris what was quite possibly the most boring regular column in the history of journalism," which "certainly contained no hint that the writer was a woman." "The New Republic"′s "World's Most Boring" headline competition was inspired by a Lewis  column titled "Worthwhile Canadian Initiative." Writings. Flora Lewis wrote four books and contributed to a fifth, according to the Library of Congress catalog. Flora Lewis Flora Lewis (25 July 1922—June 2, 2002) was an American journalist. Background. Lewis was born into a Jewish family in Los Angeles. Her father Benjamin Lewis was a lawyer and mother Pauline Kallin a pianist. She graduated high school at the age of 15 and earned a BA from the University of California at Los Angeles graduating "summa cum laude" three years later. She was also elected to Phi Beta Kappa and received her