Volcano (1997 film)
Volcano is a 1997 American disaster film directed by Mick Jackson and produced by Neal H. Moritz and Andrew Z. Davis. The film stars Tommy Lee Jones, Anne Heche, Don Cheadle, and Keith David, and tells the story of an effort to divert the path of a dangerous lava flow through the streets of Los Angeles following the formation of a volcano at the La Brea Tar Pits. The storyline was conceived from a screenplay written by Jerome Armstrong and Billy Ray, and was inspired by the 1943 formation of the Parícutin volcano in Paricutin, Mexico. "Volcano  was released by 20th Century Fox in the United States on April 25, 1997. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $122 million worldwide on a $90 million budget. A Region 1 code widescreen edition of the film was released on DVD in the United States on March 9, 1999. Plot. In downtown Los Angeles, an earthquake strikes. Mike Roark, the director of the city's Office of Emergency Management, insists on coming to work to help out with the crisis even though he has been on vacation with his daughter Kelly. His associate Emmit Reese notes 	Volcano (1997 film)
27843800	that the quake caused no major damage, but seven utility workers are later burned to death in a storm drain at MacArthur Park. As a precaution, Mike tries to halt the subway lines near the location of the earthquake. Los Angeles MTA Chairman Stan Olber opposes this move, believing that there is no threat to the trains. Seismologist Amy Barnes believes that a volcano may be forming beneath the city; however, she has insufficient evidence to make Mike take action. The next morning, Amy and her assistant Rachel venture in the storm sewage to investigate. While they take samples, another 	Volcano (1997 film)
27843801	earthquake strikes. Rachel is killed when she falls into a crack that is later engulfed by a rush of hot gases. A subway train derails underground, and power is outed across the city. In the La Brea Tar Pits, volcanic smoke and ash billow out, followed by lava meteorites that strike several buildings and cause a fire truck to flip onto its side. Mike helps injured firefighters out of the area. Moments later, a newly-formed underground volcano erupts from the tar pits and lava begins to flow down Wilshire Boulevard. The lava incinerates everything in its path and kills 	Volcano (1997 film)
27843802	two firefighters in the downed fire truck. Kelly suffers a burn to her right leg from a lava meteorite and is entrusted to Dr. Jaye Calder. In the Red Line metro tunnel, the passengers in the derailed subway train are rendered unconscious by severe heat and toxic gases. Meanwhile, Stan leads his team through the tunnel to the derailed train, searching for survivors. They manage to save the subway passengers. Stan reaches the unconscious train driver just as lava reaches the train and begins to flow underneath it. Stan sacrifices himself by jumping from the train and throws the driver 	Volcano (1997 film)
27843803	to safety before sinking into the lava to his death. Mike, Amy, and LAPD lieutenant Ed Fox devise a plan to use concrete barriers to create a cul-de-sac, blocking the lava as a fleet of helicopters dump water on it. As a result, a crust is formed in the lava, making the operation a success. However, Amy later theorizes that the magma is still flowing underground through the Red Line subway extension and calculates that the main eruption will occur at the end of the Red Line at Cedars-Sinai Hospital. After calculating the speed of the flowing 	Volcano (1997 film)
27843804	lava, Amy and Mike realize that the lava will reach the end of the Red Line in thirty minutes. Mike devises another plan to demolish a 22-story condominium building to block the lava's path from flowing towards the hospital and the rest of the West Side. The lava reaches the dead end of the subway tunnel extension and bursts out of the ground in a massive geyser. Two men sacrifice their lives to detonate the final explosive charge by giving the all-clear to ignite the charges. Mike then spots Kelly nearby, trying to retrieve Tommy, a little 	Volcano (1997 film)
27843805	boy who wandered off; the two are in the direct path of the collapsing building. Mike barely manages to save them from being crushed as the building collapses. The plan succeeds, and the lava flows directly into the ocean. The Roarks and Tommy escape from the wreckage alive. The death toll is nearly a hundred people, with thousands injured. It starts to rain, the survivors heave a sigh of relief and the Roarks catch a ride with Amy. The film ends with a view of the volcano and a graphic that reads Name: Mount Wilshire. Location: Los Angeles, California. Status : Active.", accompanied by the opening of the Randy Newman song "I Love L.A." Production. Filming. Filming was shot primarily on location in Los Angeles, California. Various filming sites included MacArthur Park, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and the La Brea Tar Pits. Extensive special effects surrounding certain aspects of the film such as the lava flow, were created by ten separate digital effects companies including VIFX, Digital Magic Company, Light Matters Inc., Pixel Envy and Anatomorphex. An 80% full-size replica of Wilshire Boulevard, which was one of the largest sets ever constructed in the United States, was assembled in Torrance , California. The computer-generated imagery was coordinated and supervised by Dale Ettema and Mat Beck. Between visuals, miniatures, and animation, over 300 technicians were involved in the production aspects of the special effects. Music. The score for the film was originally composed and orchestrated by musical conductor Alan Silvestri. Recording artists James Newton Howard and Dillinger among others, contributed songs to the music listing. The audio soundtrack in Compact Disc format featuring 8 tracks, was officially released by the American recording label Varèse Sarabande on April 22, 1997. The sound effects in the film were supervised by Christopher Boyes. The  mixing of the sound elements were orchestrated by Jim Tanenbaum and Dennis Sands. Reception. Among mainstream critics in the US, "Volcano" received mixed reviews. Rotten Tomatoes reports that 50% of 46 sampled critics gave the film a positive review, with an average score of 5.10/10. The website's critical consensus reads, ""Volcano"s prodigious pyrotechnics and Tommy Lee Jones crotchety sneers at lava aren't quite enough to save this routine disaster film." At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average using critical reviews, the film received a score of 55 out of 100 based on 22 reviews, indicating "mixed or average  reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale. In 1997, the film was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award in the category of "Worst Reckless Disregard for Human Life and Public Property", but lost to "Con Air". Janet Maslin wrote in "The New York Times", ""Volcano" begins so excitably and hurtles so quickly into fiery pandemonium," but noted that "in the disaster realm, it's not easy to have it all. A film this technically clever can't get away with patronizing and familiar genre cliches." Roger Ebert in  the "Chicago Sun-Times" called the film a "surprisingly cheesy disaster epic" while musing, "The lava keeps flowing for much of the movie, never looking convincing. I loved it when the firemen aimed their hoses way offscreen into the middle of the lava flow, instead of maybe aiming them at the leading edge of the lava—which they couldn't do, because the lava was a visual effect, and not really there." In the "San Francisco Chronicle", Mick LaSalle wrote that "Things go bad after "Volcano" plays its last card — the lava — and from there it has nothing to show  but more of the same." Owen Gleiberman of "Entertainment Weekly" said, ""Volcano" is cheese, all right, but it's tangy cheese. I'm not sure I've ever seen a disaster movie in which special effects this realistic and accomplished were put to the service of a premise this outlandish." Walter Addiego of the "San Francisco Examiner" opined that ""Volcano" offers a bit of humor, a minimum of plot distraction and the joys of watching molten rock ooze down Wilshire Boulevard." Left equally impressed was James Berardinelli of "ReelViews". He described the character of Mike Roark as "a wonderfully heroic  figure — a man of action who never has time to rest. The fate of the city rests on his shoulders, and he knows it." He added: ""Volcano" has opened the "summer" movie season at an astoundingly early late-April date... This isn't the kind of film where it's worth waiting for the video tape — it's too big and brash, and demands the speakers and atmosphere of a state-of-the-art theater." Kenneth Turan of the "Los Angeles Times" asserted that the film "glows with heat. Lava heat. The coast may be toast, but it's the  lava, covering everything like a malevolent tide of melted butter, that makes this a disaster picture that's tastier than usual." Writing for "Time Out", author TCh said, "The most striking aspect of this fun, old-fashioned disaster movie is the novelty of seeing the most familiar of backdrops used as a creative resource in its own right." Not entirely impressed was Margaret McGurk writing for "The Cincinnati Enquirer". She stated that the high-caliber special effects were "still fun, but all this lock-step storytelling is wearing thin." In a hint of commendation, McGurk added, "On its own escapist  terms, "Volcano" dishes up a textbook serving of low-I.Q., high-energy entertainment." Marc Savlov of "The Austin Chronicle" called "Volcano" was a "laughably ridiculous take on what we all secretly dream of: Los Angeles, washed away in a huge, molten tide of cheese — uh, lava, I mean." Savlov added, "Screenwriters Jerome Armstrong and Billy Ray have crammed the script with...reams of very, very bad dialogue. So bad, in fact, that the screening audience I viewed "Volcano" with seemed to enjoy it immensely, hooting and hollering and laughing as though it were an old episode of "Mystery Science Theater  3000"." Rita Kempley of "The Washington Post" wondered why "there's no volcano in ""Volcano""?...The hokey disaster drama features towering plumes of smoke, a splendid display of fireworks and brimstone, and rivers of molten magma, but I'll be darned if there's a burning mountain." Todd McCarthy of "Variety" was more positive, writing that "first-time screenwriters Jerome Armstrong and Billy Ray waste no time with exposition or scene-setting, starting the fireworks with a nerve-jangling morning earthquake that puts city workers on alert for possible damage." Box office. "Volcano" premiered in cinemas on April 25, 1997 . At its widest distribution in the United States, the film was screened at 2,777 theaters. The film grossed $14,581,740 in box office business in Canada and the United States on its opening weekend, averaging $5,256 in revenue per theater. During that first weekend in release, the film opened in first place beating out the films "Romy & Michelle's High School Reunion" and "Anaconda". The film's revenue dropped by 37% in its second week of release, earning $9,099,743. In the month of June during its final weekend showing in theaters, the film came out in 12th place  grossing $602,076. The film went on to top out in the United States and Canada at $49,323,468 in total ticket sales through a 7-week theatrical run. In other markets, the film took in an additional $73,500,000 in box office business for an international total of $122,800,000. For 1997 as a whole, the film would cumulatively rank at a box office performance position of 39. Home media. Following its cinematic release in theaters, the film was released in VHS video format on May 26, 1998. The Region 1 Code widescreen edition of the film was released  on DVD in the United States on March 9, 1999. Special features for the DVD include interactive menus, scene selection and the original theatrical trailer. It is not enhanced for widescreen televisions. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc on October 1, 2013 by Starz/Anchor Bay.