Aromanian question. On 16 June at Chantilly Racecourse Siyarafina was made the 6/4 favourite in a sixteen-runner field for the 2100 metre Prix de Diane. After being restrained in the early stages she stayed on well in the straight but was unable to reel in the leaders and finished sixth, beaten just over a length by the winner Channel in a blanket finish. A month later it was announced that Siyarafina had been retired to become a broodmare for her owner's stud. Siyarafina Siyarafina (foaled 24 April 2016) is a French Thoroughbred racehorse. In a brief racing career that lasted 	Siyarafina
10372988	Alison R. Fout Alison R. Fout Alison R. Fout is an American inorganic chemist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign where she holds the rank of associate professor. She has contributed to the discovery of new catalysts with NHC ligands. She discovered a family of catalysts that reduce oxyanions such as nitrate, perchlorate to nitric oxide and chloride, respectively. Recognition. As an independent investigator, she received the following recognition: She also was recognized from scientific journals. In 2016, she received recognition as New Talent Americas from Dalton Transactions. That same year, the American Chemical Society awarded her as an Emerging Investigator 	Alison R. Fout
10372989	in Bioinorganic Chemistry. In 2019 she received the Thieme Chemistry Journals Award. In 2017 she presented the Dalton Lectures at the University of California, Berkeley. At the 2018 Metals in Biology Gordon Conference, she received the Ed Stiefel Young Investigator Award. Alison R. Fout Alison R. Fout is an American inorganic chemist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign where she holds the rank of associate professor. She has contributed to the discovery of new catalysts with NHC ligands. She discovered a family of catalysts that reduce oxyanions such as nitrate, perchlorate to nitric oxide and chloride, respectively. Recognition	Alison R. Fout
10372990	Aromanian question Aromanian question The Aromanian question (; ), also sometimes known as the Vlach question", refers to the current division of the ethnic identity of the Aromanians, mostly with ones being pro-Greek, pro-Romanian or self-identified purely as Aromanian. History. Greek influence is deeply rooted in the Aromanians. They have always been linked to the Greek Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, which has bounded their cultural and economic activities with the Greek church. Therefore, wealthy urbanized Aromanians had been active promoters of the Greek language for a long time. In the 17th and 18th centuries, this language was used as a "lingua  franca" in various parts of southeastern Europe, and it was necessary to speak it in order to achieve a higher social status or to receive education. Due to the influential position of Greek, not only several Aromanians but also Albanians, Bulgarians and Macedonian Slavs began to declare themselves as ethnic Greeks. Such was the strength of this influence that the first texts in Aromanian, written in the Greek alphabet, promoted the spread of Greek culture. Many settlements in central Greece were easily Hellenized without the need of political or religious movements. However, the development of an Aromanian identity began to  appear in the diaspora. Early Aromanian grammars and language booklets show an awareness of a more "Latin" or "Romance" identity. In 1815, the Aromanians of Buda and Pest asked to use their language as the liturgical one. This national renaissance had similar characteristics with the many other renaissances that occurred during the 19th century. This was strengthened by the emergence and independence of Romania, which began to influence lands still belonging to the Ottoman Empire with propaganda and to initiate educational policies with the Aromanians of Macedonia, Thessaly and Epirus. The first Romanian school in the Balkans was established in  Trnovo (now in North Macedonia) in 1864 by Dimitri Atanasescu, and by the early 20th century, there were about 100 Romanian churches and 106 Romanian schools in Macedonia and Epirus. Many Aromanians eventually joined the Romanian movement, which had as its goal the recognition of the Ullah Millet ("Vlach Millet", a semi-autonomous "community" for the Aromanians), which happened on 22 May 1905. The various emerging identities of the Aromanians and the appearance of their national question was due to the strength of the different Balkanic national movements, especially the Greek and Romanian ones, and the continued intervention of external  powers in the region. A Greek–Romanian conflict finally erupted during the Macedonian Struggle that led to battles and fights between distinctly oriented Aromanians and the break-up of Greek–Romanian diplomatic relations in 1906. During this time, there were also pro-Bulgarian and pro-Italian Aromanians, but in more reduced numbers. Romanian influence over the Aromanians weakened shortly before World War II. During the European communist regimes, the Aromanian question lost relevance, but after its fall and the minority policies of the European Union, the question has been "reopened". The Aromanian identity has managed to prevail in modern Slavic  states (Bulgaria, North Macedonia and Serbia), as well as in Albania recently and in the Aromanians descended from those who migrated to Romania since 1940, as those who migrated earlier are mostly assimilated. In Greece, there are also areas where the Aromanians have maintained their culture, especially in the regions of Grevena, Veria and near Athens. Those modern pro-Greek Aromanians often identify with Greek culture and show rejection of the Romanian one, while modern pro-Romanian Aromanians see themselves as part of the Romanian ethnic group with a different dialect of the same language, disassociating themselves with Greek culture