Ishida Hakyō
Ishida Hakyō was born on March 18, 1913 in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture. He attended Matsyama Middle School, where numerous "haiku" poets and other authors had been educated, and was publishing his own "haiku" in local newspapers as early as fourth grade. Ishida was profoundly influenced by "Katsushika" (1930), the "haiku" collection by Shūōshi Mizuhara. He moved to Tokyo and began contributing to Shūōshi's publication, "Ashibi" ("Staggerbush"), eventually becoming an editor at the magazine. He also began studying literature at Meiji University. In 1935, at the age of 22, he published his first "haiku" collection, "Ishida Hakyō kushū . While still contributing to Ashibi", in 1937 he became the founding editor of his own journal, "Tsuru" ("Crane"). Eventually, he broke with the "Ashibi" group and joined the "Nihon Bungaku Hokokukai" ("Patrotic Association for Japanese Literature"). Ishida was drafted in 1943 into the Japanese Army and served in a carrier pigeon unit in northern China. His service only lasted a few months until he contracted pleurisy and was discharged. Ishida suffered serious illness the rest of his life. After the war was no easier for Ishida and his family, as they were forced to live in a shack in the  ruins of Tokyo. He wrote a number of poems describing postwar desolation. Ishida had two major operations and was hospitalized from 1948 to 1950 and published a collection of five hundred "haiku" called "Shakumyō" ("Clinging to Life") about his experience. Ishida is often grouped with fellow "haiku" poets Nakamura Kusatao and Katō Shūson as part of a humanist approach to poetry referred to as "ningen tankyūha" (人間探求派). Ishida eventually published seven volumes of "haiku." He was awarded the Yomiuri Prize in 1954. Ishida Hakyō died on 21 November 1969. References.