Southampton, New York
Southampton, officially the Town of Southampton, is a town in southeastern Suffolk County, New York, United States, partly on the South Fork of Long Island. As of the 2020 United States Census, the town had a population of 69,036. Southampton is included in the stretch of shoreline prominently known as The Hamptons. Stony Brook University's Southampton campus is located in the Town of Southampton. History. The town was founded in 1640, when settlers from Lynn, Massachusetts established residence on lands obtained from local Shinnecock Indian Nation. The first settlers included eight men, one woman, and a  boy who came ashore at Conscience Point. These men were Thomas Halsey, Edward Howell, Edmond Farrington, Allen Bread, Edmund Needham, Abraham Pierson the Elder, Thomas Sayre, Josiah Stanborough, George Welbe, Henry Walton and Job Sayre. By July 7, 1640, they had determined the town boundaries. During the next few years (1640–43), Southampton gained another 43 families. From 1644, the colonists established an organised whale fishery, significant in the history of whaling as the first in New England. They chased pilot whales ("blackfish") onto the shelving beaches for slaughter, a sort of dolphin drive hunting. They also processed drift whales they  found on shore. They observed the Native Americans' hunting techniques, improved on their weapons and boats, and then went out to ocean hunting. The first meeting house was on a hill that is the site of the current Southampton Hospital. The town's oldest existent house is the Halsey House at 249 Main Street, which was built by Thomas Halsey, one of the first Englishmen to trade with the Shinnecocks. Southampton has 47 public and private cemeteries, not including Shinnecock Hills Golf Club, which is claimed as an Indian burial ground that is no longer in active use. Southampton is  named after the port city of Southampton in Hampshire, England. The Town of Southampton operates an official historical web site. The site shows the locations of over 100 points of interest, historic markers, and historic districts as well as over 1500 photos. Native American land claim. In 2005, the Shinnecock Indian Nation filed a lawsuit against the state seeking the return of 3,500 acres (14 km) in Southampton near the tribe's reservation, and billions of dollars in reparations for damages suffered by colonial land grabs. The disputed property includes the Shinnecock Hills Golf Club, which Shinnecock say is the  location of tribe burial grounds. The tribe challenged the state legislatures' approval of an 1859 sale of the 3,500 acres of tribal land. The tribe alleged this broke the terms of a 1,000-year-lease signed by Southampton colonial officials and the tribe in 1703. The suit charged that in 1859, a group of powerful New York investors conspired to break the lease by sending the state Legislature a fraudulent petition from a number of Shinnecock tribal members. Although other tribal members immediately protested that the petition was a forgery, the legislature approved the sale of 3,500 acres (14 km ) of tribal land. In 2006, the court ruled against the tribe finding the lawsuit was barred by laches. Geography. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 295.6 square miles (765.6 km), of which 138.9 square miles (359.7 km) is land and 156.7 square miles (405.9 km is water. The total area is 53.02% water. The Town of Southampton contains seven incorporated villages and 16 unincorporated areas, which are called hamlets in New York state. Villages (incorporated). Source: Hamlets (unincorporated). Source: Demographics. As of the census of 2000, there were 54,712 people, 21,504 households and  13,805 families residing in the town. The population density was 394.0 people per square mile (152.1/km). There were 35,836 housing units at an average density of 258.0 per square mile (99.6/km). The town's racial makeup was 87.98% White, 6.62% Black or African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.89% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 2.28% from other races, and 1.73% from two or more races. There were 21,504 households, of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.8% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were  non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.99. In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.1% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over , there were 97.2 males. The town's median household income was $53,887, and the median family income was $65,144. Males had a median income of $47,167 versus $32,054 for females. The town's per capita income was $31,320. About 5.3% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.2% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over. In 2016, according to "Business Insider", the 11962 zip code encompassing Sagaponack, within Southampton, was listed as the most expensive in the U.S., with a median home sale  price of $8.5 million. Economy. Major employers in Southampton include Government. The town supervisor is Jay Schneiderman, a former Independence Party member, now a registered member of the Democratic Party, who was elected in November 2015 with 56.34% of the vote, and again in November 2017 with 62.3%. Infrastructure. Transportation. Railroad lines. The Long Island Rail Road's sole line in the Town of Southampton is the Montauk Branch, which includes stations in Speonk, Westhampton, Hampton Bays, Southampton and Bridgehampton. Quogue and Southampton Campus also had their own stations until 1998. Bus service. The Town of Southampton is served  primarily by Suffolk County Transit bus routes, although Hampton Jitney buses are available for trips to and from New York City. Airports. The town of Southampton contains the Francis S. Gabreski Airport north of Westhampton, and East Hampton Airport along the Southampton-East Hampton Town Line. The Southampton Heliport can also be found on the east side of the Shinnecock Inlet. Ferries. The sole ferry in the Town of Southampton takes NY 114 drivers across the Shelter Island Sound between North Haven and Shelter Island.