Psalm 75
Psalm 75 is the 75th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "Unto thee, O God, do we give thanks". The Book of Psalms forms part of the "Ketuvim" section of the Hebrew Bible and part of the Christian Old Testament. In the slightly different numbering system of the Greek Septuagint version of the bible, and in its Latin translation, the Vulgate, this psalm is Psalm 74. In Latin, it is known as "Confitebimur tibi Deus". It is one of the psalms of Asaph. This psalm forms a regular part of  Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. The thought of giving thanks has often been set to music, including in works by Heinrich Schütz and Johann Sebastian Bach. Background and themes. Attributed to Asaph, Psalm 75 continues the theme of Psalms 57, 58, and 59, which also begin with the words "al tashcheth", "Do not destroy". The New King James Version refers to "al tashcheth" or "Do not destroy" as a musical setting. Like the previous psalms, Psalm 75 speaks of the Jews in exile, and praises God for preserving them. The psalm references the word "horn" several times . According to Charles Spurgeon, the horn is a symbol of honor or strength, but when possessed by the arrogant, the horn is said to be "cut down" or humbled. While God rejects the horns of the haughty, he exalts the horns of the righteous. The Midrash Tehillim cites ten scriptural verses that mention horns to identify ten horns that God gave to the Israelites: the horns of Abraham, Isaac (the shofar or ram's horn), Moses, Samuel, Aaron, the Sanhedrin, Heman the Ezrahite, Jerusalem, the Jewish Messiah, and David in the future. When the Israelites sinned, these ten horns were  removed from them and transferred to the wicked, as it is written, "Behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and it had ten horns" (). The Midrash teaches that as long as the horns of the wicked prevail, the horns of Israel will be cut off; but in future, when God elevates the horns of the righteous, the horns of the wicked will be cut off. Text. Hebrew Bible version. Following is the Hebrew text of Psalm 75: Verse 2. Amended to "the proper time" or "the appointed time" in the New International Version and New King James Version. The "appointed  time" is "the proper moment foreordained in the Divine counsels and known to God". Uses. Judaism. Psalm 75 is recited during the Motza'ei Shabbat prayers in the Sephardic tradition. In the "Siddur Avodas Yisrael", Psalm 75 is said as the Song of the Day for Shabbat Torah reading Ki Tissa and Eikev. This psalm is also recited on the third through sixth days of Passover in some traditions. Psalm 75 is recited as a "prayer for forgiveness". Musical settings. Baroque composer Heinrich Schütz set Psalm 75 in German, "Aus unsers Herzen Grunde", for choir as part of his composition of  the Becker Psalter, SWV 172. Johann Sebastian Bach used the beginning of Psalm 75 for the opening movement of "Wir danken dir, Gott, wir danken dir", BWV 29, a cantata for the inauguration of a town council in Leipzig. He used the music again for the movement "Gratias agimus tibi" of the Mass in B minor, expressing the same thought of thanks. Hymns based on Psalm 75 or specific verses include the popular "Now Thank We All Our God", Catherine Winkworth's translation of Rinkart's "Nun danket alle Gott". The German hymn and its English version inspired several settings , including some by Bach.