Zhonghua Da Zidian
The Zhonghua Da Zidian () is an unabridged Chinese dictionary of characters, originally published in 1915 by the Zhonghua Book Company in Shanghai. The chief editors were Xu Yuan'gao (徐元誥), Lufei Kui (陆费逵), and Ouyang Pucun (歐陽溥存/欧阳溥存). It was based upon the 1716 "Kangxi Zidian", and is internally organized using the 214 Kangxi radicals. The 1915 publication contains more than 48,000 entries for individual characters, including many invented in the two centuries since the "Kangxi Dictionary", making it the largest character dictionary of its time. Each character entry includes the fanqie spelling from the Jiyun, the modern  pronunciation given with a common homophone, different meanings, classical quotations, and two-character compounds using the character. One strength of the "Zhonghua" dictionary is its clear presentation of definitions. Separate definitions are numbered, instead of being run together in a column as was the case with earlier Chinese dictionaries, which is helpful to users because some characters have as many as 40 separate definitions. Although Teng and Biggerstaff acknowledged that the "Zhonghua Da Zidian" "is very comprehensive and is very carefully compiled," they noted three defects. The index, which is arranged by number of strokes, can be inconvenient (e.g., 2189  characters are listed under 9 strokes). The margins do not have characters to help locate entries under a radical. The two-character phrases may be listed under either component.