Promephitis
Promephitis is an extinct genus of mephitid, of which several species have been described from the Miocene and early Pliocene of Europe and Asia. Characteristics. The fossil remains of the "Promephitis" species, like all members of the skunk family (Mephitidae), have a significant extension of epitympanic recess, a chamber of the middle ear, into the region of mastoid and squamous parts of the temporal bones. This extension is recognizable as an inflated bulge on the lateral wall of the skull over the mastoid. In addition, skunks have specific characteristics of the teeth, especially the molars, which distinguish them from  other carnivora. The genus "Promephitis" also shows a distinctive structure of the premolar tooth P4 as well as a very small P2, through which they are distinguishable from other genera. Distribution and temporal classification. Species of "Promephitis" ranged widely in Eurasia, and fossils have been found both in Europe and in Asia. They are classified in the late Tertiary, occurring in the middle to late Miocene and early Pliocene epochs less than 10 million years ago. Taxonomy. The genus and the type species "Promephitis larteti" were described in 1861 by Jean Albert Gaudry from a fossil found at Pikermi in  Greece. Since the initial description up to 10 species have been named, but some have since been discarded. Early finds consisted mainly of teeth or fragments of jaw bones. In 2004 Wang & Qiu reported numerous well-preserved skull and skeleton finds from China and described two new species. Currently the following eleven species are recognised: Within the skunks, the species of the genus "Promephitis" have been likened to the two extant species of stink badger ("Mydaus") from Southeast Asia. Taken together, "Promephitis" and the stink badgers are probably the sister group of the fossil species "Palaeomephitis steinheimensis", the name applied  to the oldest known species of skunks. Within the recent genera, the stink badgers represent the earliest genus; the clade comprising them with "Promephitis" and "Palaeomephitis" is considered to be a sister group to all other skunks living today and other fossil forms.