Itabuna
Itabuna is a municipality in Bahia, Brazil. It is the 6th largest city in Bahia by population after Salvador, Feira de Santana, Camaçari, Vitória da Conquista, and Juazeiro. It had an estimated 213,685 residents in 2020. Itabuna covers a total area of and has a population density of 550 residents per square kilometer. Etymology. The name "Itabuna" derives from Tupiniquim "itáabuna", meaning "father of stone" ("itá", stone + "abuna", father). This name refers to a rock the Tupiniquim thought reminded them of a father and was bigger than the other stones around. History. The Portuguese arrived in the 16th  century. The region was inhabited by the Tupiniquim, an indigenous group of the larger Tupi people. The Portuguese established the Captaincy of Ilhéus in the region, but it failed due to attacks by the nomadic Aimoré people, who emerged from the interior of Brazil in the 1550s. The region was populated by non-native Brazilians from 1867, mainly by migrants from Sergipe. Felix Severino de Oliveira, later known as Félix Severino do Amor Divino, and José Firmino Alves, his cousin, founded Fazenda Marimbeta, a farm, in the municipality. A street remains with the name in the Conceição of Itabuna. Itabuna  was emancipated from Ilhéus in 1910. In 1978, the city became the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Itabuna. In December 2021, the town was flooded after two dams burst. Economy. Itabuna is a regional center of commerce, industry and services, along with its neighbour Ilhéus. Its economic importance grew during the "golden era" of cocoa cultivation. Thanks to its fertile soil, the city became the second biggest producer of cocoa in Brazil, exporting to the United States and Europe. After the devastation of crops caused by the fungus "Crinipellis perniciosa" (which causes a disease known as witch's  broom), which led to a profound crisis in its economy, the city began to search a diversification of its economical activities. Nowadays, Itabuna is one of the most important trade points located along BR-101 Highway in Bahia. Sport. Itabuna EC is the local association football team.