Ollin Yoliztli Prize
The Ollin Yoliztli Prize (Spanish: "Premio Ollin Yoliztli)" was a prestigious but short-lived international prize that was bestowed by the President of Mexico for three consecutive years — 1980, 1981, and 1982 — to living Spanish literature poets, novelists, essayists, and playwrights. History. Eligibility and criteria. The Ollin Yoliztli Prize was open to all Spanish language writers of literature. The recognition was for collective works rather than any single work and was structured to be presented in any of the four literary genres: poetry, novels, essays, and drama. "Ollín yoliztli," means "life movement" or "life force" in Náhuatl . The prize each year was presented by the President of Mexico, José López Portillo. His sister, Margarita López Portillo (2014–2006), was a prolific novelist and his wife, Carmen Romano, was an exponent of fine arts and humanities. Founding sponsor. The President's wife established the prize to promote Spanish literature and its important authors — and to strengthen cultural links among Spanish speaking countries. She was instrumental in launching several large-scale cultural programs, which led to the founding of The National Fund for Social Activities (Spanish: "Fondo Nacional para Actividades Sociales)", commonly known by its acronym, FONAPAS. She prevailed in  initiatives to make fine arts more accessible, particularly for low-income and young people. Her initiatives included erecting new fine arts venues and establishing professional orchestras. One such venue in Mexico City, which opened in 1979, bears the named and is home to several cultural organizations, including the Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra, founded in 1978. While many cultural initiatives of Portillo and his wife endure today, the economic, diplomatic, and cultural wisdom of their efforts was not without criticism. In particular, critics viewed their cultural initiatives as wasteful and part of a larger scheme of building personal projects with public  money. Control of a wide range of projects was assigned to family members and close associates. Portillo's presidency ended in November 1982. But criticism was amplified toward the end of his term, starting in February 1982, after a sharp devaluation of the peso and ensuing economic crisis. The succession-continuity of the Ollin Yolilztli Prize ended when Portillo's presidential term ended. Juries and award ceremonies. The juries for the Ollin Yoliztli Prize were formed under the auspices of the Festival Internacional Cervantino in Guanajuato, Mexico. When establishment of the prize was announced on November 10, 1979, by Hector  Vasconcelos , Director of the Cervantes Festival, the jury had been selected. Their appointments were for life. The jury was composed of six major critics and writers. The festival dates back years, to 1953, but was formalized years ago, in 1972. The festival is one of the most important artistic and cultural events in Mexico and Latin America. Its host city, Guanajuato, is west of Mexico City.