Laksamana-class corvette
The Laksamana class is a class of small missile corvettes comprising four ships currently in service with the Royal Malaysian Navy. All four ships of the Laksamana class are currently serving in the 24th Corvette Squadron of the Royal Malaysian Navy. Development. The Laksamana-class corvettes were originally purchased by the Iraqi Navy as the s, their delivery was delayed and later cancelled because of international sanctions against Iraq following the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq. It is based on the Fincantieri Type 550 corvette design. In October 1995, the Malaysian Ministry of Finance signed a contract  with Italian company Fincantieri for the supply of two 675-ton missile corvettes for the Royal Malaysian Navy. Two more missile corvettes were ordered in February 1997. Some specific aspects of the ships' design were modified and the ships were refitted to meet the requirements of the Royal Malaysian Navy. The first two ships, named KD "Laksamana Hang Nadim" and KD "Laksamana Tun Abdul Jamil", were commissioned in July 1997. The second two, named KD "Laksamana Muhammad Amin" and KD "Laksamana Tan Pusmah", were delivered in July 1999. The ships are all named after famous Malay warriors who have earned  the title Laksamana during their lifetimes. ("Laksamana" would translate as an admiral in modern usage, but in the Malay Sultanates, the title would be more a minister of the realm (a warrior) who is responsible for defense of the realm. The Laksamana is the second most senior position the Malay court, lower only than the Bendahara). Characteristics. Sensors. The ship's radar suite consists of a RAN 12L/X air and surface search radar, operating in D and I bands and a Kelvin Hughes 1007 navigation radar operating at I band. The ship is also fitted with a Global Positioning  System (GPS). The ship's electronic warfare suite comprises the INS-3 radar interceptor and the TQN-2 radar jammer. Underwater sensors provided is the ASO 94-41 hull mounted active search and attack sonar supplied by Atlas Elektronik. Armament. The Laksamana class is armed with the MBDA Otomat Mark 2/Teseo long-range sea-skimming missile with six missile launchers installed on the stern deck, three pointing to port and three pointing starboard. The missiles are armed with a high-explosive warhead, fitted with impact and proximity fuses. The speed of the missile is Mach 0.9 and the range is . A  medium-range air defence is provided with the semi-active radar homing MBDA Albatros SAM system, providing defence against aircraft and incoming anti-ship missiles. The Albatros system fires the Mach 2.5 Aspide missile over a range to deliver a warhead. The Laksamanas are also armed with two triple Whitehead Alenia ILAS-3 torpedo launchers installed one each side on the main deck, firing the A244/S anti-submarine torpedoes that use the active, passive and mixed mode homing to a target range of . The class is armed with a 62 calibre Oto Melara Super Rapid gun is installed on the  bow deck in front of the citadel. The firing rate is 120 rounds per minute and range is up to . The ships are also armed with the Oto Melara L70 twin gun in the multi-role mode over a range of and firing rate of 300 rounds/minute. A decoy launcher is installed on both the port and starboard side of the ship. Each launcher has six launch tubes and is capable of firing illuminating rounds or chaff rounds to counter hostile radars and radar guided missiles. Propulsion system. The ships are powered by four MTU 20V 956 TB 92  diesel engines developing sustained power driving four shafts. Three diesel generators each yield 280 KVA. The engines provide a dash speed of , a maximum sustained speed of and an economical speed of . The range at is . Upgrade. The Royal Malaysian Navy has confirmed that all four ships will be upgrade/SLEP to extend their service. The upgrade includes missile launchers, sensors, combat management system, fire control radar, IFF and chaff. Similar class. The four s built for Libya are a similar design to the Laksamana class.