Fairford
Fairford is a town in Gloucestershire, England. The town lies in the Cotswold hills on the River Coln, east of Cirencester, west of Lechlade and north of Swindon. Nearby are RAF Fairford and the Cotswold Water Park. Governance. Fairford has a Parish Council with 13 members. The mayor is James Nicholls. After a boundary review implemented for the 2015 local elections, Fairford was split into two District Council electoral wards called Fairford North Ward (single member) and Lechlade, Kempsford and Fairford South Ward (two member). On Cotswold District Council Fairford North Ward is represented by Liberal Democrat Andrew Doherty  and Lechlade, Kempsford and Fairford South Ward is represented by Conservative Councillors Stephen Andrews and Sue Coakley. The town is represented on Gloucestershire County Council by Conservative Councillor Ray Theodoulou who represents the Fairford and Lechlade on Thames Division. Fairford and Lechlade on Thames Division. The ward population at the 2011 census was 4,031. History. Evidence of settlement in Fairford dates back to the 9th century and it received a royal market grant in the 12th century. In the Domesday book, Fairford was listed as "Fareforde". In 1066 there were three mills one of which was used in the wool  trade in the 13th century. The mill that survives today was built in the 17th century. Education. The town's secondary school is Farmor's School, an 11–18 co-educational academy. The school was judged to be of outstanding standard, having achieved grade 1 in its Ofsted inspection in 2010. There is also a primary school (Fairford Primary), and a playgroup. Coln House School was a 9-16, residential/day, state special school. After being put into special measures following a 2016 Ofsted report, the school closed in March 2017. Built in 1822 by Alexander Ilse as a private asylum  called The Retreat, it became a school in 1949. Events. In March 2003 "Flowers to Fairford" was held as a protest against the use of USAF Fairford as the base for the 14 B-52 bombers aircraft which were used to bomb Iraq. Several thousand people attended and there was a large police presence, but the event passed off peacefully. Other people intending to protest did experience an incident. The Fairford Coach Action group states that, "On 22 March 2003, the police used surprisingly extreme tactics to prevent more than 120 activists from reaching [the] legally sanctioned anti-war demonstration in  Fairford, (Gloucestershire, UK). The demonstration outside a US Airforce Base in Fairford was well attended with estimates of up to 5,000 activists attending. Among the scheduled speakers on the day were writer George Monbiot and Caroline Lucas (MEP). The people who police prevented from attending were a diverse group with a broad range of affiliations. The main thing that they had in common was the desire to travel from London by coach and the intention of joining the legal protest in Fairford. Two of the four main scheduled speakers for the Fairford demonstration were travelling on these coaches from London . After the coaches had travelled two and a half hours from London, the coaches were stopped by police just miles from the demonstration. Using section 60 powers (of the Public Order and Criminal Justice Act 1994) police searched the coaches for weapons for one and a half hours. The passengers cooperated with this search, and they were invited to reboard the coaches when the search concluded. No arrests were made and no items found. After all the passengers boarded, the coaches were escorted immediately back to London under a continuous 9–12 vehicle police escort." The police action resulted in a  court Case In July 2007 Fairford suffered unseasonably high rainfall which led to major flooding of 64 homes on Milton Street and London Street as well as in some other surrounding areas. This meant that many of the annual events had to be cancelled. The Ernest Cook Trust has its headquarters in Fairford Park, which used to host the annual Fairford Steam Rally and Show. The Show closed in 2015 after running for 46 years. For three days every year RAF Fairford hosts the world's largest military air show – the Royal International Air Tattoo. The event brings a boost  to the economy of the town and surrounding areas. Literature. "The Secret Diary of Sarah Thomas, 1860 – 1865", is a published journal by a Victorian diarist living in Fairford. It features local landmarks. Sport and leisure. Fairford has a non-league football team Fairford Town F.C. who play and train at Cinder Lane. Fairford have their own rugby team FRFC, playing in green and black strip. The town also has the Walnut Tree Field: a large playing field and park, a cricket club, and a leisure centre. Fairford also has a youth football club, based at Horcott Road which caters  for children between the ages of 5 and 15 years old. The club, established in 1976, is a FA Chartered Club, run by volunteers for the benefit of local children from Fairford and surrounding villages. Teams from u8 and above play in the North Wiltshire Youth Football Leagues. New players are always welcome. The club has a website - http://fairfordlechladeyfc.co.uk/ Transport. Fairford was formerly linked to Oxford by the Witney Railway and its extension the East Gloucestershire Railway. There have been reports that part of the old track could be cleared of accumulated mountains of detritus and overgrown trees to be  re-opened as a cycle path. There is a bus service to Cirencester and Lechlade, from where travellers can transfer to another bus and travel onwards to Swindon. Churches. St Mary's Church. The Church of England parish church of Saint Mary is renowned for its complete set of medieval stained glass, stone carvings and misericords. Built in the early 1490s by the wool merchant John Tame (d.1500), the church is an example of late Perpendicular Gothic architecture that is characterised by slim stone window mullions and light but strong buttresses. The style enabled larger windows than previously, allowing much  more light into the building. Grade 1 listed by English Heritage, its structure and details remains unaltered since built. Stained glass, St Mary's Church. St. Mary's is of national historical and architectural importance because it houses the most complete set of mediaeval stained glass windows in the country, attributed to Barnard Flower. The glass survived the Reformation when many images in English churches were destroyed. In 1642, during the Civil War, they narrowly avoided destruction when the Roundhead army was marching on the nearby town of Cirencester. Some of the panes were damaged during a storm in November  1703 and those were repaired and modified or replaced. A conservation and restoration programme began in 1988 and finished in 2010. Clear glass now protects the old glass. Churchyard, St Mary's Church. The churchyard includes a stone memorial to Tiddles, the church cat who fell off the church roof. There is also a stone grotesque to commemorate a young boy who climbed up the walls of the church and jumped, falling to his death. The churchyard contains eight Commonwealth war graves; three British Army soldiers, a Royal Navy seaman and a Royal Air Force airman of World War I  and two British soldiers and a Home Guardsman of World War II. St Thomas' of Canterbury. Fairford has a 19th-century Catholic church of St Thomas of Canterbury. Following the closure of the recusant chapel at Hatherop Castle in 1844, a church was built at Horcott (Fairford) the following year at a cost of £700. The first Mass was celebrated in 1845, five years before the Restoration of the Hierarchy in England and before the creation of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Clifton. The stained glass window behind the altar depicts St. Thomas of Canterbury in the centre panel , showing the date 1845. The adjoining Presbytery was built 20 years later to designs by Benjamin Bucknall, the architect of Woodchester Mansion. The church contains an organ by Hill and stained glass by William Wailes, Hardman and Geoffrey Robinson. The two windows in the porch were added to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the first Mass. The left window depicts the crest of the de Mauley family; that on the right depicts the Eucharist. Fairford United Church. In 1981 a group of local Methodists approached the local Congregational Church to use the chapel for their services as there was no  Methodist Church in Fairford. They were officially united into one congregation in 1986 and the present church follows the traditions of both the Methodist Church and the Congregational Federation. The churches in and around Fairford are represented by the organisation Churches Together Around Fairford (CTAF) which has meetings and organises services of unity.