Charlotte (TV series)
Charlotte is a 2015 Japanese anime television series produced by P.A.Works and Aniplex and directed by Yoshiyuki Asai. The anime aired 13 episodes in Japan between July 5 and September 27, 2015. An original video animation episode was released in March 2016. Two manga series were serialized in ASCII Media Works' "Dengeki G's Comic". The story takes place in an alternate reality where a small percentage of children manifest superhuman abilities upon reaching puberty. A focus is placed on Yuu Otosaka, a high school boy who awakens the ability to temporarily possess others, which brings him  to the attention of Nao Tomori, the student council president of a school founded as a haven for children with such abilities. The story was originally conceived by Jun Maeda, who also wrote the screenplay and composed some of the music, with original character design by Na-Ga. Both Maeda and Na-Ga are from the visual novel brand Key, and "Charlotte" is the second original anime series created by Key following "Angel Beats!" in 2010. Maeda had thought up the concept for "Charlotte" long before he was approached in early 2012 to work on another anime series after "Angel  Beats!". Maeda narrowed down the number of main characters compared to "Angel Beats!" and attempted to put more of a focus on their behavior. Instead of employing the same staff that had worked on "Angel Beats!", the aim for "Charlotte" was to bring together a staff that would add a new variety to the creative process to prevent being influenced by the work done on "Angel Beats!". "Charlotte" was praised for its unpredictability and evocative moments, but its pacing and structure have been criticized as inefficient. It has been described as approachable for a wide audience and for defying the  moe" anime" stereotype. Although the comedic elements have been called dumb and corny, they have overall been lauded for offering some relief from the serious moments, which one reviewer likened to a palate cleanser. P.A.Works' production was praised for its beautiful animation sequences and expressive cinematography. Plot. "Charlotte" takes place in an alternate reality where a short-period comet called Charlotte passes near Earth once every 75 years. As this happens, it spreads dust onto the Earth, which causes a small percentage of preadolescent children who inhale the dust to manifest superhuman abilities upon reaching puberty. In Japan the story  follows the protagonist Yuu Otosaka, a boy who awakens the ability to temporarily possess another person for five seconds. Although hoping to use his ability to fraudulently live a carefree high school life, he is unexpectedly exposed by Nao Tomori, a girl who can make herself invisible to a specific target. She forces him to transfer to and join its student council, of which she is the president. Also on the student council is Jōjirō Takajō, a boy who can move at uncontrollably high speeds. The student council's main objective is to ensure the safety of ability users from  organizations who seek to exploit their powers. In doing so, the student council warns ability users of the potential danger of using their abilities openly. This leads the student council to Yusa Nishimori, a pop singer who has the ability to channel the spirits of the dead as a medium. Yusa's dead older sister Misa frequently makes use of this ability to freely possess her at any time, which allows Misa to use her own ability, pyrokinesis. Nao soon arranges for Yusa to transfer to Hoshinoumi Academy and join the student council. Yuu's younger sister Ayumi unexpectedly awakens  an ability to cause anything around her to suddenly collapse, which results in her death. Yuu falls into a deep depression as a result and isolates himself, but Nao successfully manages to pull him out of his depression and gets him to return to the student council. While attending a concert of the post-rock band Zhiend with Nao, Yuu recollects previously suppressed memories of his older brother Shunsuke, who has the ability to time travel. Shunsuke had used this ability to establish Hoshinoumi Academy and an affiliated organization attempting to develop a vaccine to prevent children from developing abilities  before they manifest, but his repeated use has left him blind. Yuu learns that the true nature of his ability enables him to steal another person's ability by possessing them. Yuu takes Shunsuke's ability to go back in time and ultimately prevent Ayumi's death by stealing her collapse ability before she can use it. A terrorist group manages to abduct Nao and Kumagami, one of Shunsuke's closest friends and aides, and holds them hostage in exchange for Yuu, who attempts to rescue them. However, the operation does not go as planned, which results in Kumagami's  death and Yuu being gravely injured. After Yuu recovers, he resolves to protect all of the ability users around the world by stealing their abilities as per Nao's suggestion. As Yuu travels the world stealing abilities, the more powers he takes on soon takes its toll on him as he starts losing his memories and sense of self. However, he still manages to steal everyone's abilities throughout the world before collapsing. Shunsuke rescues Yuu, bringing him back to Japan among friends and family. Yuu is left with no memories, but Nao tells him she is his girlfriend. Yuu  and his friends look forward to the memories they will make from now on as Yuu continues to recover from his ordeal. Production. Creation and conception. The original creators of "Charlotte" are Jun Maeda and Na-Ga of Key, and "Charlotte" is the second original anime series created by Key following "Angel Beats!" (2010). Yōsuke Toba of Aniplex approached Maeda in early 2012 with an offer from P.A.Works president Kenji Horikawa to do another anime series with the studio. Maeda was surprised by this, as he never expected to work with P.A.Works again. Horikawa explained that the production staff could  now handle things that were not able to be fully materialized during the production of "Angel Beats!". Maeda did not think he would ever be involved in the planning of another anime series, but he said that he had no choice but to accept Horikawa's offer after discussing it with him. Toba asked Maeda to write a "Key-like story", and Maeda started out by applying his prior experience of working on "Angel Beats!". He went through a trial-and-error process to work out what kind of setting and story would work well for an anime series. Long  before working on "Charlotte", Maeda had thought up a concept for a story with characters who have imperfect superpowers that must cooperate with each other to resolve any incidents that arise. Maeda originally submitted three separate ideas for a story to Toba, and he asked him which one he liked best. However, after Toba pointed out one of the other two, Maeda made it clear that he wanted to do the story that would become "Charlotte". When writing the story, Maeda also reconsidered how he had done certain things with "Angel Beats!". In particular, he attempted to put more of  a focus on the behavior of the characters. Maeda also narrowed down the number of main characters in "Charlotte" compared to "Angel Beats!", which could not put a focus on each and every character. Toba felt that Maeda was influenced by his work on "Angel Beats!", which changed his thought process and what he wanted to depict in "Charlotte". Maeda thought issues had arisen with the large cast of characters in "Angel Beats!", such as overlapping personality traits and not being able to remember everyone, and he used those considerations when writing "Charlotte". Similarly, when designing the characters in "Angel  Beats!", Na-Ga had been concerned about designs being too similar among the characters, and went on to make use of that experience with "Charlotte". When developing Jōjirō Takajō, he originally had a different appearance and personality, but over the course of the development process, he eventually became similar to Takamatsu from "Angel Beats!". Maeda decided fairly early on to make Yuu Otosaka a low-life cheater at the start of "Charlotte" because he had never created a character like that before. When trying to choose a title for "Charlotte", Maeda's friend Taisei Nakagawa proposed a title which could  be abbreviated as "AA" based on its similarity to "Angel Beats!" abbreviation of "AB". However, Maeda did not like the title, and devised the title "Charlotte" as one that would surpass the original "AA" title. The title "Charlotte" came from the song by the Japanese band Art-School. Development. When deciding on "Charlotte" staff, Toba thought it would be better not to have exactly the same team that produced "Angel Beats!". Having already decided to stick with Maeda, Na-Ga and P.A.Works, Toba aimed to bring together a staff that would add a new variety to the creative process, and  in doing so would prevent being influenced by the work done on "Angel Beats!". With that in mind, Toba wanted a director who had a good understanding of "Angel Beats!" and who would also be suitable as "Charlotte" director, leading him to seek out Yoshiyuki Asai. Toba took into consideration the storyboarding Asai had done for two episodes of "Angel Beats!", and he thought that "Charlotte" would be a good opportunity to have a first-time series director. Asai was also chosen as someone who could handle both comedic and serious moments. When Horikawa first looked at "Charlotte" incomplete script , he told Maeda that it did not feel like it had the same kind of zeal that "Angel Beats!" had. However, once he saw the whole script, his concerns with it were dispelled, much to Maeda's relief. While the entire script was still in the draft phase, Maeda revised lines that felt unnatural after asking others for their opinions on it, including Na-Ga. When writing the script, Maeda made a conscious effort to write "Charlotte" in the framework of an anime series, as opposed to when he wrote the script for "Angel Beats!", which he admits he wrote  more akin to the framework of a video game. In this way, Toba felt that "Charlotte" was Maeda's effort to write a story in its purest form that could not be made into a video game, unlike "Angel Beats!". Toba also noted that the characters in "Charlotte" are not written for a video game scenario, especially the protagonist, and went on to echo Horikawa's sentiment that "Charlotte" is akin to an I novel for Maeda. Toba explained that this is a result of Maeda's effort to remove the restrictions that come from writing the scenario for a  video game. Kanami Sekiguchi was chosen as the character designer after Horikawa took notice of her work as the animation director of episode nine of "Angel Beats!", and Toba was eager to see how she would render Na-Ga's original designs. When it came time to choose an art director, Kazuki Higashiji was chosen for his zeal in the workplace and Horikawa's confidence in his artistic talent; Higashiji had also been the art director for "Angel Beats!". Similarly, Satoki Iida was brought back to work on "Charlotte" again as the sound and music director, and he also helped  with the proofreading of the script as he had done for "Angel Beats!". Iida was largely chosen for his good communication with Maeda, and so that he could make the best use of his experience working on "Angel Beats!". When writing the music for How-Low-Hello, Maeda reused some older songs he had composed as a student in the 1990s that he felt were selective of his best songs from that period. At the time, his concept when composing the songs was "early B'z", but Maeda notes that this is no longer the case with the completed songs. Media . Manga. A four-panel comic strip manga, illustrated by Haruka Komowata and titled , was serialized from the May 2015 issue of ASCII Media Works' "Dengeki G's Comic" sold on March 30, 2015 to the May 2017 issue sold on March 30, 2017. Three "tankōbon" volumes for "Charlotte The 4-koma" were released between September 26, 2015, and May 27, 2017. A second manga, illustrated by Makoto Ikezawa and Yū Tsurusaki, is titled "Charlotte" and was serialized from the September 2015 issue of "Dengeki G's Comic" sold on July 30, 2015, and the February 2019 issue sold on December  27, 2018. "Charlotte" is also available on Kadokawa Corporation's ComicWalker website. Six "tankōbon" volumes for "Charlotte" were released between August 27, 2015, and January 26, 2019. Anime. The 13-episode "Charlotte" anime television series is directed by Yoshiyuki Asai and produced by P.A.Works and Aniplex. The series aired in Japan between July 5 and September 27, 2015. The screenplay is written by Jun Maeda, who originally conceived the series. The chief animators are Noboru Sugimitsu and Kanami Sekiguchi, and Sekiguchi based the character design used in the anime on Na-Ga's original designs. Sound and music direction is  headed by Satoki Iida. The series is being released on seven Blu-ray/DVD compilation volumes between September 23, 2015, and March 30, 2016, in limited and regular editions. The seventh volume featured an original video animation episode. Three drama CDs, written by Maeda and performed by the anime's cast, were released with the first, third and fifth volumes. In North America, the series is licensed by Aniplex of America, who simulcasted the series on Aniplex Channel, Crunchyroll, Hulu, Daisuki, Viewster, and Animax Asia. The series was obtained by Madman Entertainment for digital distribution in Australia and New Zealand  who simulcasted the series on AnimeLab. Anime Limited licensed the anime series in the United Kingdom and released it on Blu-ray on May 29, 2017. The anime's music is composed by Maeda, Hikarishuyo, and the group Anant-Garde Eyes, who also provided the musical arrangement. The music is released on Key's record label Key Sounds Label. The single "Bravely You / was released on August 26, 2015 in limited (CD+DVD) and regular (CD) editions; the limited edition's DVD contains the opening and ending videos without the credits. There are two in-story bands: How-Low-Hello featuring  vocals by Maaya Uchida, and Zhiend featuring vocals by Marina. One single and one album was released for both bands in 2015. How-Low-Hello's single was released on September 2, and the band's album "Smells Like Tea, Espresso" was released on September 30. Zhiend's single "Trigger" was released on September 9, and the band's album "Echo" was released on October 14 as a two-CD set for both English and Japanese lyrics. The anime's original soundtrack was released on November 4, 2015, as a two-CD set. An Internet radio show to promote the  series titled streamed 13 weekly broadcasts between July 6 and September 28, 2015, on Niconico. The show was also available via Hibiki Radio Station and Onsen, and was hosted by Ayane Sakura (the voice of Nao). Two CD compilation volumes for the show were released between September 30, 2015, and January 27, 2016. Reception. In a review by Anime News Network, reviewer Gabriella Ekens praised the series for "sculpting singular, evocative moments", but went on to say that a "problem arises when you try to tie them into a bigger picture." Ekens criticized the pacing and structure of the show , calling it an "inefficient...collection of sprawling narrative ideas" and comparing it to """ suddenly turn[ing] into "Darker than Black"." Ekens also notes that its thematic purpose "seems to be Jun Maeda's opportunity for melodramatic elaboration on the emotional dilemmas posed by "Madoka Magica"." Overall, "Charlotte" was lauded for its entertainment value and unpredictability, but "disappoints as a work of art." Early on, Ekens described the series as having "sharp comedic timing," and by episode four, she praised the comedic elements as "already much funnier than "Plastic Memories"." She went on to say that "it's dumb, but I like  it for the same reasons I liked the comedy in "Seraph of the End: Vampire Reign"." Chris Beveridge of The Fandom Post found "Charlotte" unpredictability "engaging" and its animation "beautiful". Ekens praised P.A. Works for their dynamic direction and "expressive cinematography" which offers "a distinct, pleasant aesthetic." In a column on "Mainichi Shimbun" Mantanweb portal, "Charlotte" was praised for the balance it strikes to reach a wide audience, from "core fans" of anime to casual viewers, in regards to its creative use of peculiar characters coupled with a scenario focused on resolving problems. Columnist Ryō Koarai commended "Charlotte" for pulling  in the viewer from the first episode due to Yuu's surprising, unorthodox personality in contrast with how he uses his superhuman ability in his everyday life. Writer Seiji Nakazawa lauded "Charlotte" for defying the ""moe" anime" stereotype at first glance and for instead being what he describes as a "human drama". He notes that "Charlotte" is written in much the same way as Maeda's previous works by inserting jokes between serious moments to offer some relief to the viewer. While Nakazawa admits that some may find the jokes in "Charlotte" corny, he finds them acceptable and likens them  to a palate cleanser. In a review for "Neo", David West praised "Charlotte" for the interesting premise, the cinematography and the animation, but criticized the series for being unable to maintain a consistent tone, noting that the series had an abundance of slapstick and physical comedy, but would unexpectedly take a dark turn, although he praised the dark side of the series for being well realized. The seven Blu-ray compilation volumes ranked in the top 15 on Japan's Oricon weekly Blu-ray sales chart for animation: Volume one ranked at No. 1, volume two ranked at No. 6 , volume three ranked at No. 9, volume four ranked at No. 4, volume five ranked at No. 10, volume six ranked at No. 13, and volume seven ranked at No. 3. The opening and ending theme song single "Bravely You / Yakeochinai Tsubasa" debuted at No. 4 on Japan's Oricon weekly singles chart, selling over 23,000 copies in its first week of sales. How-Low-Hello's single "Rakuen Made / Hatsunetsu Days" debuted at No. 9 on the Oricon singles chart, selling about 9,300 copies in its first week of sales. How-Low-Hello's album "Smells Like Tea, Espresso  debuted at No. 12 on the Oricon albums chart, selling about 9,500 copies in its first week of sales. Zhiend's single Trigger" debuted at No. 11 on the Oricon singles chart, selling about 14,000 copies in its first week of sales. Zhiend's album "Echo" debuted at No. 4 on the Oricon albums chart, selling about 10,300 copies in its first week of sales. The "Charlotte Original Soundtrack" debuted at No. 9 on the Oricon albums chart, selling about 6,600 copies in its first week of sales.