Salvador Bermúdez de Castro, Marquis of Lema
Salvador Bermúdez de Castro y O'Lawlor, 2nd Duke of Ripalda, Marquis of Lema (Madrid; 1 November 1863 – 20 January 1945) was a Spanish noble, politician and lawyer who served as Minister of State during the reign of Alfonso XIII. Biography. He was born in Madrid, the son of Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez (1811–1870) a senator and Minister for the Interior and Foreign Affairs, and María de la Encarnación O’Lawlor y Caballero (1830-1908), youngest daughter of Joseph O'Lawlor (1768–1850), an Irish-born Spanish general and governor of Granada. His cousin Richard  Lalor was an Irish nationalist member of the British House of Commons. He married María, a daughter of Joaquín Sánchez de Toca y Calvo and María Ballester y Bueno. The Duke was a prominent Spanish author, conservative politician and nobleman. He inherited the Dukedom of Ripalda and the Marquessate of Lema from his paternal uncle. A deputy for Oviedo (1891–1923), he served as Minister for Foreign Affairs 1919–21, 1917, 1913–15; Mayor of Madrid 1903–4 and Governor of the Bank of Spain (1922–3). He was the author of numerous works including "De la Revolución a la Restauración", "Spain since 1815" and  the autobiographical "Mis Recuerdos 1801-1901". Late in life, he was one of the 22 jurists who signed the , a report drafted in 1938 and commissioned by the Francoist faction during the Civil War that served as "ad-hoc" legitimation for the 1936 coup d'etat.