Kobudō
Definition and features. "Kobudō" (古武道) can be translated as (old) (martial) (way) "old martial art"; the term appeared in the first half of the seventeenth century. "Kobudō" marks the beginning of the Tokugawa period (1603–1868) also called the Edo period, when total power was consolidated by the ruling Tokugawa clan. The term often refers to martial arts established before the Meiji Restoration of the 19th century. Since the Muromachi period, swordsmanship, "jiu-jitsu", martial arts, archery, artillery, etc. have been technicalized and systematized as various schools. The term "Kobudō" (古武道, ancient martial arts) contrasts with "Gendai budō" ("modern martial  arts") or "shinbudō" ("new martial arts") which refer to schools developed since the Meiji era. Whereas modern martial arts are designed to develop human skills and physical and mental training from the physical point of view, focusing on sports-related competitions and constructing technical systems (e.g., "judō" and "kendō"), old martial arts are fundamentally not intended with an outcome of a winning match. Training was for the sake of it. Dangerous techniques that are excluded from modern martial arts include various hidden weapons, medicinal methods, and magic. Old martial arts are linked to Zen and Buddhism. It may also include  irrational movements whose original meaning have been lost even to those who are masters of the school, or movements added for aesthetic reasons during the peaceful Edo period. The system of "kobudō" is considered in following priorities order: 1) morals, 2) discipline 3) aesthetic form. Okinawan "kobudō". "Kobudō" can also be used to refer to Okinawan kobudō where it describes collectively all Okinawan combative systems. These are entirely different and basically unrelated systems. The use of the term "kobudō" should not be limited, as it popularly is, to the describing of the ancient weapons systems of Okinawa.