Eddie Butcher
Eddie Butcher (8 May 1900 – 8 September 1980) was an Irish traditional singer, folk-song collector and songwriter from Magilligan, County Londonderry. He had an extensive repertoire of songs that he performed in a sturdy, earthy style. In 1953, Dr. Hugh Shields began to notate and record Butcher's songs, published later in two books: "Shamrock, Rose & Thistle" (1981) and "All the Days of his Life" (2011), the latter accompanied by a set of three CDs. Starting in 1966, Butcher performed in frequent radio broadcasts from Dublin and Belfast, and recorded four albums of his songs, on one  EP and three LPs. He inspired other singers such as Joe Holmes, Len Graham, and Frank Harte, as well as a younger generation of musicians, notably Andy Irvine and Paul Brady who added musical accompaniment to some of his songs. Early life and employment. Eddie Butcher was born on 8 May 1900, in a house that stood on the dividing line between the small townlands of Duncrun and Tamlaght, and lived all his life in Magilligan, County Londonderry, in the far north-west corner of modern Ulster. He was the fifth of John Butcher and Elizabeth Clyde's ten children  brought up from the 1890s to the 1920s, and whose names are, in order of seniority: Robert, Katey, Rose, Patrick, Eddie, John, Willy, Maggie, Lily, and Jimmy. All except Lily were singers and those who were old enough learned the core of their repertory from their father, who died in 1920 and had been a "daysman", or day labourer for local farmers. Butcher started work by lifting potatoes at the age of 12, and later went for hiring at "the Rabble" and "the Gallop", the hiring fairs in Coleraine and Limavady respectively, in May and November. By the time he  was 20, he was a "daysman" himself. In his late twenties, he turned from farm work to a variety of other jobs, such a working as a gardener and handyman, peat-cutting, building, road-making, thatching and working in a quarry, often cycling long distances to and from work each day. Before he retired, he spent 18 years with the Ministry of Agriculture on the River Roe drainage project. Singing career. Both Butcher and his wife Gracie (), whom he married in 1933, came from noted local singing families, and whenever there was a dance or another occasion in the vicinity , Butcher's father would be asked to come along to sing, and the brothers and sisters of both families were also well-known performers, locally. During Butcher's childhood, their house was always one of the most popular "cèilidh" houses in Magilligan, with neighbours dropping in regularly for a night of "craic", until the practice died out in the area. Before he left home, Butcher learned the greater part of his repertoire from his father and, later, from his brothers and from Gracie's sisters. He also had a gift for writing his own songs, set to traditional airs and  often about local events or his own experience as a farm labourer or road worker in later life. From 1953 onwards, he was regularly interviewed by Hugh Shields, who recorded about sixty songs from him within a couple of years, either in manuscript form or, later, through tape recording equipment, and published some of these songs in the 1981 book "Shamrock, Rose & Thistle". In 1966, Butcher began to sing frequently on radio from Dublin or Belfast and some of his songs were released on discs, first in 1969 on the EP "Adam in Paradise", followed in 1976 by an LP , also titled "Shamrock, Rose & Thistle". These radio broadcasts brought him some renown, and attracted the attention of local tradition bearers like Joe Holmes (1906-1978) and Len Graham (b. 1944), with whom he sang and performed. They joined him at his home for the 1975 sessions that yielded two albums of rare Ulster songs: Butcher's "I Once Was a Daysman", and "Chaste Muses, Bards and Sages" by Holmes & Graham. Other frequent visitors to his house included Jackie Devenney (Coleraine), Brian Mullen (Derry), and occasionally Andy Irvine (b. 1942) who, along with Paul Brady (b. 1947), has re-interpreted several  of Butcher's songs since the 1970s, often by adding instrumental accompaniment. In 1978, Butcher released his final album: "Sings the Titanic and Other Traditional Folk Songs". Two cassettes, featuring eight previously unreleased songs and entitled "Shamrock, Rose & Thistle 2" and "Shamrock, Rose & Thistle 3", were released posthumously in 1983 by Shields on behalf of the Folk Music Society of Ireland. Some of the songs in Butcher's repertoire had also been collected from other sources by Sam Henry for inclusion in his column, "Songs of the People", published weekly in Coleraine's "Northern Constitution" from 1923 until 1939. This  treasury of nearly 700 songs fostered many recordings from the 1950s onwards, and several of these songs are therefore listed as having been recorded by Butcher, and other singers, in the book "Sam Henry's Songs of the People", published in 1990. In 2011, the Irish Traditional Music Archive published the book "All the Days of His Life", releasing Shields' extensive work, edited by his wife Lisa Shields and Nicholas Carolan, and telling Butcher's story in his own words. The book is accompanied by three CDs containing a further 67 songs of Butcher's previously unreleased recordings. Death. Eddie  Butcher died on 8 September 1980. An article entitled "An old friend: Eddie Butcher" was published in issue 18 (November 1980) of the Folk Music Society of Ireland's newsletter, "Ceol Tíre", in which Shields stated: Song collection. The following two tables show the songs from Butcher's collection that were recorded and published in print.