Toshiko Tamura
Biography. Tamura was born in the plebeian Asakusa district of Tokyo, where her father was a rice broker. At the age of seventeen she entered the literature faculty of "Nihon Joshi Daigaku" Japan Women's University. However, the long commute by foot, from her home affected her health and forced her to withdraw after only a single term. She began her writing career as a disciple of Kōda Rohan, but later turned to Okamoto Kido for advice, and briefly flirted with a career as a stage actress. Her novel "Akirame" ("Resignation", 1911) won the Osaka "Asahi Shimbun" literary  prize. Her experiences in the theatre are illustrated in "Chooroo" (Mockery, 1912). She followed this with "Miira no kuchibeni" ("Lip Rouge on a Mummy", 1913), and "Onna Sakusha" ("Woman Writer", 1913). She became a best-selling writer, and contributed numerous works to such mainstream literary magazines as "Chūō Kōrōn" and "Shincho". In 1918, she left her husband Tamura Shogyo to follow her lover, "Asahi Shimbun" journalist Suzuki Etsu, to Vancouver, in Canada, where she lived until 1936. On her return to Japan, she had an affair with leftist Kubokawa Tsurujiro. In 1942, she moved to Shanghai, China, then under Japanese  occupation, where she edited a Chinese literary magazine "Nu-Sheng". She died of a brain hemorrhage in Shanghai in 1945, and her grave is at the temple of Tokei-ji in Kamakura. After her death, her royalties were used to establish a literary prize for women writers.