Arcadia Fund
The Arcadia Fund is a UK charity organisation founded by Lisbet Rausing and Professor Peter Baldwin. Established in 2001, the organisation provides grants on a worldwide basis focusing on numerous projects outside the UK. The primary focus of the organisation involves preserving endangered culture, preserving endangered nature and providing open access. Its Mission statement outlines the organisation's philosophical view to: "serve humanity (and) to preserve cultural heritage and ecosystem's". The organisation believes that "once memories, knowledge, skills, variety, and intricacy disappear – once the old complexities are lost – they are hard to replicate or replace" and consequently  want to, "build a vibrant, resilient, green future". Since 2002, the fund has provided in excess of $910 million in projects around the world. According to the OECD, Arcadia Fund’s financing for 2019 development increased by 6% to US$55 million. The foundation is controlled by its three trustees (Lisbet Rausing, Peter Baldwin and Johannes Burger) and its team of nine members. The fund also has an advisory board of seven members. History. The fund has since 2002 provided in excess of $910 million globally in grants. Since its inception it has averaged yearly grant awards of  $35,625,000. Its grants are divided into five categories: Cultural, Environmental, Open Access, Discretionary and Discontinued Themes. As seen by the Table 41% of grant funding is cultural, 37% Environmental, 6% Open Access, 8% Discretionary and 7% Legacy. Its supported causes since inception in 2002 have been preserving endangered culture, preserving endangered nature and open access. The fund has a selected issues criterion in which the organisation use's to choose grants. The methodology of grant choices has not changed since 2002 however, supported causes has altered slightly. It aims to provide cultural grants to universities, archives or museums that  preserve cultural heritage and digitise near-extinct cultural heritage. Additionally, it provides environmental grants to organisations that preserve endangered habitats, at risk land as well as trains staff, enable research and policy development. It also aims to provide open access grants to increase access of free material such online as research papers and publications. Previously, the fund also supported causes such as human rights, philanthropy and education; however since 2009 the support for the causes have been discontinued. The fund supported organisations around these discontinued themes that helped refugee scholars, educated disadvantaged children in Africa, and conducted women's right  advocacy. Activities. The fund awards grants to organisations preserving endangered culture, preserving nature, and promoting open access. Culture. Arcadia's largest grant was in 2002, to the School of Oriental and African Studies— totalling £20 million (US$33,851,813) to start the Endangered Language Documentation Program (ELDP). The program enables scholars to undertake documentation of disappearing languages. By 2015, the program has documented over 350 languages. The grant also funds training scholars in modern language documentation techniques. The fund donated another US$11 million in April 2015 . In 2004 the fund founded the Endangered Archives Program at the British Library  with a $25 million grant supporting the digitisation of at risk collections around the world. By Sept 2018, the program has supported more than 350 documentation programs in 90 countries, with over 6.5 million images and 25,000 sound tracks being preserved. The material is available freely online as part of the Endangered Archives Programme. In 2018 the fund gave an additional £9 million to fund the program for a further 7 years. In 2013 and 2015 provide $1 million to the Smithsonian Institution's collaboration with the Natural History Museum's "Recovering Voices Initiative," a long-term  project to digitise audio recordings, manuscripts and photographs. It aims to digitise the entire collection of ethnographic sound recordings, estimated at 3,000 hours, and 35,000 pages of manuscript materials. In 2015 it provided a $511,200 to the Smithsonian Campaign, 'The Field Book Project', to preserve field books, the original records of scientific expeditions. The grant aimed to support the digitising of 2600 field books, all which will be open access. Currently, the project has catalogued over 9,500 field books and digitised over 4,000. Environment. The fund in 2018 donated £23 million (US$31,441,100) to the Cambridge Conservative Initiative  (CCI) for its Endangered Landscapes Programme (ELP). Arcadia in collaboration with CCI and 9 other conservation organisations aim to restore priority landscape across Europe in an attempt to support viable populations of native species, provide room for natural ecological processes, resilience of ecosystems to short or long term changes. The fund in 2018 awarded Fauna & Flora International $USD 27,000,000 for Halcyon Land & Sea Fund. The partnership started in 1998 where Peter Baldwin and Lisbet Rausing developed the idea in conjunction with FFI to develop the Halcyon Fund in which secures highly threatened sites to protect them under local management . As of 2018, the Fund has supported 46 projects in 25 countries, protecting 55.8 million hectares of habitat. Since 2011, Arcadia has provided support in which has supported 34 initiatives across 18 countries. Currently, Arcadia's total funding to FFI is $USD 51,550,000 million. In 2015, Arcadia ordered an independent expert review of the work it had funded through FFI. The results provided positive conclusions where it was stated that, "The report clearly recognises the invaluable role that Arcadia has played in helping FFI evolve into the organisation it is today, by providing long-term and flexible funding for  a considerable and effective body of work.". Arcadia's impact on FFI can be seen through their first grant in 2011 developing the Halcyon Marine Programme. The programme operates across 72 sites in 17 countries engaging 88 partners and 35 community-based institutions and has already resulted in threat reduction of biodiversity recovery at 10 sites. Open access. Arcadia has provided multiple grants to Harvard University to improve open access at the university. In 2009 it awarded $5 million over a 5-year period. The grant will support the processing of 17th and 18th century collections in archives and  underwrite conservation treatments to fragile or damaged 17th or 18th century collections. It will also help to catalogue and digitise documents on Harvard's history, and to run the Library Lab programme to improve digital services . The fund provided further support to the university in 2011 with an additional $11 million grant. In September 2015, the fund provided $450,000 over three years to Creative Commons to develop tools that complement current CC licence suite. In September 2017, Arcadia donated $5 million to the Wikimedia Foundation, the largest contribution to the foundation at the time. It gave another  $3.5 million in 2019 Discretionary. The Arcadia Fund in 2015 provided $25 million to Yale University to renovate the Yale Hall of Graduates Studies enabling the university to co-locate the dispersed humanities departments to under one roof. offering a setting for cross-disciplinary collaboration and advance research. Baldwin and Rausing have asked in tribute to the service of David Swensen (who built Yale's endowment from $1.3 billion to $23.9 billion) that the building should be named after him. Arcadia gave £5 million to the illuminated River Foundation in 2017 for a commissioned art  installation of light to 15 of Central London's bridges along the River Thames. When the project is completed it would be the longest art commission in the world at 2.5 miles long. Discontinued themes. Arcadia before 2009 were involved in supporting human rights. It supported organisations that helped refugee scholars, educate disadvantaged children in Africa, and conduct women's rights advocacy. In 2005, Arcadia provided a $5 million grant to the Mvule Trust, to provide bursaries to young women in Uganda so they can go to secondary school. The grant and trust gave 75% of scholarships to girls  and by 2007 and the trust had supported the education of 1,868 children. Arcadia has provided a total of $6 million in 2005–06 to the Human Rights Watch (US) to help their empirical research into persecution of women, and its fact gathering, press releases, advocacy and lobbying. Grant statistics and graphs. The Table Breakdowns Arcadia largest grants and a description of the purpose of the grant