Joseph Walker (cinematographer)
Joseph Walker, A.S.C. (August 22, 1892 – August 1, 1985) was an American cinematographer who worked on 145 films during a career that spanned 33 years. Life and work. Born Joseph Bailey Walker in Denver, Colorado, Walker worked as a wireless telephone engineer, inventor, and photographer of documentaries for the Red Cross during World War I before starting his feature film career in 1919 with the Canadian film "Back to God's Country", which was filmed near the Arctic Circle. For the next seven years, he freelanced at various studios, working for noted directors W.S. Van Dyke, Francis  Ford, George B. Seitz, and others. He joined Columbia Pictures in 1927 and worked almost exclusively at the studio until he retired in 1952. Walker collaborated with director Frank Capra on 20 films, including "Ladies of Leisure" (1930), "Lady for a Day" (1933), "The Bitter Tea of General Yen" (1933), "It Happened One Night" (1934), "Lost Horizon" (1937), "Mr. Deeds Goes to Town" (1936), "You Can't Take It with You" (1938), "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" (1939), and "It's a Wonderful Life" (1946). In addition to his film work, Walker held 20 patents on various camera-related inventions  he devised, including the Double Exposure System, several zoom lenses, the Duomar Lens for both motion picture and television cameras, the Variable Diffusion Device, the Facial Make-Up Meter, lightweight camera blimps, and optical diffusion techniques. In 1994 many of Walker's inventions, lenses, devices and patents were purchased by ASC Museum Curator Steve Gainer, ASC ASK and are on display at the ASC clubhouse in Hollywood. Walker was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography four times. He was the first recipient of the Gordon E. Sawyer Award, presented to him in recognition of his technological contributions to  the film industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 1982. Walker collaborated on his 1984 autobiography "The Light on Her Face", with his second wife Juanita Walker. He died in Las Vegas, Nevada.