Tupper Lake (village), New York
Tupper Lake is a village in Franklin County, New York, United States. The population was 3,667 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the boundaries of the Adirondack Park, west of Lake Placid. Along with nearby Saranac Lake, these three villages make up what is known as the Tri-Lakes region. The village of Tupper Lake is in the town of Tupper Lake. The town and the village are in the southwestern part of the county. The Wild Center, a natural history center, is on a campus. The Adirondack Sky Center & Observatory is  on the north side of town. History. Settlement began "circa" 1844. The village was settled during the town's lumber production period and grew after it gained railroad service (see below). The early village was composed of two parts, Tupper Lake proper and Faust. The town, for a time, held the distinction as the top lumber producer in the state. The great fire of 1899 burned more than 169 structures in the village, two-thirds of them homes. The modern village grew out of this destruction and added all the amenities of a modern community earlier than many other villages  in the state. Tupper had its own department store and synagogue, and its sprawling railway yards, driven by the lumber trade, made it a hub for the surrounding Adirondack communities. Railroad service from Herkimer, NY through Tupper Lake (to Malone, Montreal and Lake Placid) began in 1892 with the opening of the Mohawk and Malone Railway. (For the complete subsequent railroad history to 2021, see Wikipedia articles on this early railroad and on the Adirondack Railroad). After a total lapse of service from 1981 through 2021, the Adirondack Railroad plans to return tourist passenger service from Utica to Tupper Lake  (108 miles), its new northern terminus, in 2022. Geography. The village of Tupper Lake is located near the center of the town of Tupper Lake at , on the east shore of Raquette Pond, the northern end of the Tupper Lake water body. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , of which is land and , or 2.06%, is water. New York State Route 3 and New York State Route 30 intersect at the village. NY 3 leads west to Watertown, and NY 30 leads south to Amsterdam on the Mohawk River. The two highways  lead east out of Tupper Lake together, with NY 30 eventually turning north towards Malone, from Tupper Lake, and NY 3 continuing east to Saranac Lake. The Raquette River flows past the south side of the village, entering Tupper Lake/Raquette Pond. The river continues northwest out of the Adirondacks through Potsdam, eventually joining the St. Lawrence River northeast of Massena. Demographics. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,935 people, 1,684 households, and 988 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,212.7 people per square mile (853.5/km). There were 1,839 housing units at an average  density of 1,034.1 per square mile (398.9/km). The racial makeup of the village was 97.89% White, 0.76% African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.05% Asian, 0.10% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.51% of the population. There were 1,684 households, out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.1% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.3% were non-families. 34.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.9% had someone living alone  who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.97. In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males. The median income for a household in the village was $31,654, and  the median income for a family was $40,152. Males had a median income of $30,169 versus $24,273 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,567. About 7.7% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.0% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over. Tupper Lake High School is the home of the Lumberjacks and Ladyjacks. Their mascot is a bearded Lumberjack wearing a red and black flannel shirt and black pants with suspenders holding an axe. The school colors are red and  black. Climate. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Tupper Lake has a warm summer, Humid continental climate ("Dfb"). "Dfb" climates are characterized by a least one month having an average mean temperature ≤ , at least four months with an average mean temperature ≥ , all months with an average mean temperature < and no significant precipitation difference between seasons. Although most summer days are comfortably humid in Tupper Lake, episodes of heat and high humidity can occur with heat index values > . Since 1981, the highest air temperature was on August 3, 1988, and the highest daily average mean dew  point was on August 1, 2006. Since 1981, the wettest calendar day was on November 8, 1996. During the winter months, the average annual extreme minimum air temperature is . Since 1981, the coldest air temperature was on January 4, 1981. Episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur, with wind chill values falling below . The average annual snowfall total between September and May is between and . Ecology. According to the A. W. Kuchler U.S. potential natural vegetation types, Tupper Lake would have a dominant vegetation type of Northern Hardwoods/Spruce, ("108") with a dominant vegetation form of Northern Hardwoods ("23