Carex hirta
Carex hirta, the hairy sedge or hammer sedge, is a species of sedge native across Europe. It has characteristic hairy leaves and inflorescences, and is the type species of the genus "Carex". Description. "Carex hirta" grows tall, with leaves long and (occasionally up to ) wide. The stems are trigonous (roughly triangular in cross-section), but with convex, rounded faces. The leaves, leaf sheaths and ligules are all hairy, although plants growing in wetter positions may be less hairy; these have sometimes been separated as "C. hirta" var. "sublaevis" by Jens Wilken Hornemann, but this may not be a  worthwhile taxon. The culms bear 2–3 lateral female spikes, each long, and on half-ensheathed peduncles up to twice the length of the spike. There are 2–3 male spikes at the end of the culm, each long. The hairy utricles, male glumes and leaves make it hard to confuse "Carex hirta" with any other "Carex" species. Distribution. "Carex hirta" is native to Europe, and is found across the British Isles, albeit with records becoming very scarce in the far north. It has been introduced to North America. It was first recorded in Amherst, Massachusetts in 1877, and has since been  found across much of the eastern United States and Canada. Nomenclature. "Carex hirta" is the type species of the genus "Carex", and therefore also of the subgenus "Carex" and the section "Carex". It was described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 "Species Plantarum", and the lectotype, from the herbarium of Adriaan van Royen, was designated by Ilkka Kukkonen in 1992.