Grand admiral
Grand admiral is a historic naval rank, the highest rank in the several European navies that used it. It is best known for its use in Germany as . A comparable rank in modern navies is that of Admiral of the fleet. Grand admirals in individual navies. France. In Bourbon Restoration France, the rank was an honorific one equivalent to that of marshal in the French Army. Germany. In the Imperial German Navy, and later in the , the rank was the equivalent of a British admiral of the fleet or a United States fleet admiral; as a five-star  rank (OF-10). Like field marshals its holders were authorised to carry a baton. The rank was created in 1901 and discontinued in 1945, after eight men were promoted to it. The next most junior rank was (admiral-general). Imperial Germany. Before and during World War I, the following were made grand admirals of the Imperial German Navy (): Nazi Germany. "Großadmiral" was the most senior rank of the , immediately senior to "". There were no more grand admirals until 1939. The following men were made grand admirals during the Nazi regime: Austria-Hungary. The Austrian grand admirals were all members of the  Imperial family, except for , the commander of the Austro-Hungarian navy for part of World War I: Italy. The rank of grand admiral () was created by in 1924. It was established primarily to honour , who had been head of the Italian during World War I — he was the only person to be awarded the rank. It was equivalent to marshal of Italy in the army and also marshal of the Air Force. Peru. In 1967 the rank of Grand Admiral of Peru () was awarded posthumously to Miguel Grau Seminario and is equivalent to the army rank of Grand Marshal of  Peru. In fiction. Among the several grand admirals appearing in fiction and science fiction, one notable figure is Grand Admiral Thrawn of the "Star Wars" science fiction franchise.