Élie Reclus
Élie Reclus (; 1827–1904) was a French ethnographer and anarchist. Élie Reclus was the oldest of five brothers, born to a Protestant minister and his wife. His middle three brothers, including the well known anarchist Élisée Reclus, all became geographers. In 1866 a feminist group called the "Société pour la Revendication du Droit des Femmes" began to meet at the house of André Léo. Members included Paule Minck, Louise Michel, Eliska Vincent, Élie Reclus and his wife Noémie, Mme Jules Simon and Caroline de Barrau. Maria Deraismes also participated. Because of the broad range of opinions, the group decided  to focus on the subject of improving girls' education. Élie Reclus served as director of the Bibliotheque National in Paris during the Commune de Paris. Condemned "par contumace", he went to the United States, then to England, until the French government amnesty in March 1879. While exiled in London, he presented to the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland his first article against circumcision, "Circumcision, signification, origins and other similar rituals", in January 1879. Reclus also taught Charles Fairfield, who was the father of Rebecca West.