Samuel Robinson (sea captain)
Commander Samuel Robinson, CBE, RD (1870–1958), born in Hull, England, was an early 20th-century British-Canadian mariner, a Commander in the Royal Naval Reserve established under the Naval Reserve Act of 1859, and a captain of luxury liners in the fleet of Canadian Pacific Steamship Ocean Service Ltd. during the period spanning the first three decades of the 20th century. In addition, Samuel was the recipient of the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum, Japan's highest order. He was one of three civilians to ever have received this honour while still living  (the only others being members of the Japanese Imperial family). Royal Naval Reserve. The Pacific fleet of the Canadian Pacific Railway tended to hire its officers from the Royal Naval Reserves, and much was made of their long and faithful service to the company. Although Robinson's job description was "Captain," his title was "Commander" because he had earned that rank during his service in the Royal Naval Reserve. During World War I, Robinson captained the "Empress of Asia" which transported American troops from New York to Southampton, England. Canadian Pacific. In his 48 years at sea, 37 with Canadian  Pacific steamships, Robinson served on a number of vessels. He was captain of two ships with the same name—the 1891 "Empress of Japan" and the 1930 "Empress of Japan"—and he was captain of the first of three ships to be named "Empress of Canada". His career at sea included sailing on the following: Robinson was a junior officer on the "Empress of Japan" in 1895. He became the chief officer on the "Empress of China" in 1899, and then captain of the "Empress of Japan". He was transferred in 1913 to become the captain of the "Empress of Asia . In May 1914, he pushed the Empress of Asia" and her crew in setting a new world's record for both a single day's steaming (473 nautical miles) and for crossing the Pacific (nine days, two hours, and fifteen minutes). In 1917, he took command of the "Empress of Russia". When the "Empress of Australia" was added to the Canadian Pacific fleet, he was made her first captain. When the "Empress of Japan" was added to the fleet in 1930, Robinson was given command. Great Kanto earthquake. When the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake struck Yokohama at a little after  noon on 1 September 1923, Captain Robinson was aboard the "Empress of Australia". He was finalising routine preparations for a scheduled departure later in the day; but the greatest natural disaster in modern times was about to reorder those priorities. He would be credited with saving the ship, his crew and passengers, and more than 3,000 others during the unfolding catastrophe. The "Empress of Australia" earned international acclaim and recognition for her captain because it was the ship which was able to offer the most help in evacuating the devastated metropolis of Tokyo. In the chaos which developed after the  ground stopped shaking, Robinson kept his ship near the quay at Yokohama in Tokyo Bay for the next twelve days, providing such help as he and his crew were able to offer. The ship remained anchored off Yokohama for several days, and then she sailed for the port of Kobe laden with refugees. Robinson's own contributions were minimized in the report he prepared for the Canadian Pacific home office. He displayed a seemly modesty in this summary: A group of passengers and refugees who were aboard during the disaster commissioned a bronze tablet and presented it to the ship  in recognition of the relief efforts. When the "Empress of Australia" was scrapped in 1952, the bronze tablet was rescued. It was formally presented to Captain Robinson, then aged 82, in a special ceremony in Vancouver.