Rosendals Trädgård
Rosendals Trädgård is a garden open to the public situated on Djurgården, west of Rosendal Palace, in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden. Today, Rosendals Trädgård is open to public visitors in order to let visitors experience nature and to demonstrate different cultural effects on gardening through history. The purpose is to practise biodynamic agriculture and pedagogical education. The garden is owned and operated by the trust fund "Rosendals Trädgårds Stiftelse". In the area known as Rosendals Trädgård there are also, except from the garden: "Plantboden", a gardening shop where the customers can find everything that's useful  in a garden, "Trädgårdsbutik", a shop where the customers can buy fresh vegetables cultivated in the garden at Rosendal. The maybe most visited shop is the famous bakery, which carries the same name as the garden, "Rosendal Trädgårds bakery". Visiting Rosendals Trädgård, one has a great opportunity to experience locally cultivated and produced phenomena and items. History. The area today known as Rosendals Trädgård was in 1817 sold to the Swedish king Karl XIV Johan (Charles XIV John of Sweden), also known as Jean Baptiste Bernadotte. Bernadotte transformed the area into an English park. In 1819, the architect Fredrik Blom  constructed a royal castle linked to the area known as "Rosendals Trädgård". At the same time a winter garden was also built, creating an opportunity to cultivate tropical plants even during wintertime. In 1848 the Swedish king Oscar I built an orangery, where exotic plants such as palms could be explored. The one person that has been most influential in the development of Rosendals Trädgård is probably Queen Josefina. Queen Josefina had a great interest in gardening and made it possible for the development to take place by establishing a number of plantations and greenhouses. In 1861, Queen Josefina also  collaborated with the Swedish Gardening Society, something that made it possible to start a gardening-academy in the area. Together they reformed and structured the garden and its administration after their ideal, the Royal Horticultural Society in London. All the work that was implemented during Queen Josefina's lifetime led to a development that made Rosendals Trädgård flourish. During the fifty years that the garden academy was up running, the garden begun its transformation towards its current structure. Though, when the Garden academy was closed and the Swedish Garden Society ended their activity in the area, Rosendal went into a  period of less activity. The Royal administration of Djurgården, who now owned the garden, demised the area for private practise and the garden transformed to several horticultural business garden. But in the late 1960s the Royal Administration of Djurgården acceded Rosendals Trädgård and restored it into its former glory of Queen Josefina. The Garden and its flora. The Fruit Garden. The fruit garden has, during the development of Rosendals Trädgård, been one of the most famous parts of the garden. Every autumn, the many different kind of apple-sorts that are represented in the almost hundred trees, becomes mature. During  the Swedish Garden Society's days of glory, there were nearly 400 apple-trees in the fruit garden. During this time, Rosendals fruit garden had a big importance on the spread of fruit-trees in Sweden, since the Garden academy portioned out free plants to farmers etc. Over 24 500 fruit trees, 30 000 currant bushes, as well as 22 000 park trees was portioned out all over Sweden, something that made a greater spread of the many different apple-sorts that exist in Scandinavia possible. Other fruits, such as cherries, prunes, pears etc. are also cultivated in the fruit -garden. In Lars Krantz's book, "Rosendals Trädgård", the author (a former gardener in Rosendals Trädgård) describes the yearly-reappearing apple exhibition in Rosendals Trädgård, where almost 250-300 different apple-sorts is represented: all of them cultivated in Sweden. The Rose Garden. The rose garden was found in 1988 and today over 100 different species are cultivated there. The rose garden is situated on a slope just beside the old orangery and is perfect for cultivating roses. Due to the harsh rose climate in Sweden Rosendals Trädgård mostly cultivate bush roses which have favourable properties, such as hardiness. Roses  cultivated in the garden. Rosa alba Mme Legras de St Germain Madame Plantier Princesse de Lamballe Maxima Felicité Parmentier Rosa 'Great Maiden's Blush' Céleste Minette Amelia Königin von Dänemark Suaveolens Gudhem Rosa bourbonica Honorine de Brabant Souvenir de la Malmaison Wrams Gunnarstorp Coupe d' Hébé Mme Isaac de Pereire Champion of the World Bourbon Queen Louise Odier Gruss an Teplitz Ferdinand Pichard Adam Messerich Gros chou d'Hollande Rosa centifolia Cristata Variegata Fantin Latour Major Parvifolia Tour de Malakoff Rosa centifolia muscosa Comtesse de Murinais Salet Jeanne de Montfort Henri Martin Communis Baron de Wassenaer William Lobb Captaine John Ingram  Blue Boy Nuits de Young Rubra Rosa gallica Complicata Duchesse de Montebello Comtesse de Lacépède Rosa Mundi Duchesse de Verneuil Officinalis Duc de Guiche Cardinal de Richelieu Rose du Maite d'Ecole Charles de Mills Belle de Crécy Tuscany Scharlachglut Alain Blanchard Camaieux Violacea Aimable Amie Jenny Duval Agathe Incarnata Duchesse d'Angoulême Rosa × damascena Trigintipetala York and Lancaster Celsiana St Nicholas Ispahan La ville de Bruxelles Mme Hardy Blush Damask Hebe's Lip Rosa damascea bifera Duchesse de Rohan Rose des Quatre Saisons Rose de Provins Rose de Rescht Rosa moschata Felicia Francesca Rosa portlandica The Portland Rose Arthur de  Sansa Jacques Cartier Comte de Chambord Mme Boll Rosa pimpinellifolia Stanwell Perpetual Poppius Flore plena Karl Förster Aicha Frühlingsduft Rosa chinensis Old Blush Vres Roses Schneezwerg Thérèse Bugnet Jens Munk Martin Frobisher Souvenir de Philémon Cochet Fracofurtana Roses Frankfurt Remontant Roses (hybrida bifera) Souvenir de Alphonse Lavallée Archiduchesse Elizabeth d´Autriche Various Origin Forsby Herrgård Clair Martin Prairie Dawn Geschwinds Nordlandrose Rosa sancta Climbing Roses Seagull Tausendschön Mme Gregoire Stachelin Rosa Longicuspis White Dorothy Dorothy Perkins Ilse Krohn Superior "Rosa multiflora" - Japanese climbing rose "Rosa arvensis" – Splenden The Wine Garden. Due to Rosendals far stretching biodynamic ideals, the wine production does  of course also follows the same system of biodynamic cultivation, and the wine that is produced is called biodynamic wine. The production does not include any chemical additives, only the heat from the sun and nourishment from the earth. Today 7 different grapes are cultivated. All of them are planted around the orangery and most of the vines come from Baltic. The Trust Fund of Rosendals Trädgård. Since 1982 the Rosendals Trädgård has been operated and administrated by the trust fund of Rosendals Trädgård. The trust fund has no private economic stakeholders or interest of making profit. The only economic  interest of the trust fund is to make sure that the economic return from the shops, bakery and plant house cover wages as well as house and machine maintenance. The trust fund is completely self-supporting and receives no economic contribution from the municipality.