Omar Sharif
Omar Sharif ( ; born Michel Yusef Dimitri Chalhoub , 10 April 193210 July 2015) was an Egyptian actor, generally regarded as his country's greatest male film star. He began his career in his native country in the 1950s, but is best known for his appearances in British, American, French, and Italian productions. His career encompassed over 100 films spanning 50 years, and brought him many accolades including three Golden Globe Awards and a César Award for Best Actor. Sharif played opposite Peter O'Toole as Sherif Ali in the David Lean epic "Lawrence of Arabia" (1962), which earned him an  Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor, and portrayed the title role in Lean's "Doctor Zhivago" (1965), earning him the Golden Globe for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama. He continued to play romantic leads, in films like "Funny Girl" (1968) and "The Tamarind Seed" (1974), and historical figures like the eponymous characters in "Genghis Khan" (1965) and "Che!" (1969). His acting career continued well into old age, with a well-received turn as a Muslim Turkish immigrant in the French film "Monsieur Ibrahim" (2003). He made his final film appearance in 2015, the year of his death. Sharif spoke  five languages: Arabic, English, French, Italian and Spanish. He bridled at travel restrictions imposed by the government of Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser, leading to self-exile in Europe. He was a lifelong horse racing enthusiast, and at one time ranked among the world's top contract bridge players. He was the recipient of high civil honors from multiple countries, including the Egyptian Order of Merit and the French Legion of Honour. He was one of only 25 grantees of UNESCO's Sergei Eisenstein Medal, in recognition of his significant contributions to world film and cultural diversity. Early life. Sharif , whose adopted surname means "noble" or "nobleman", was born Michael Yusef Dimitri Chalhoub ( ) in Alexandria, Kingdom of Egypt (now Arab Republic of Egypt), to a Melkite Catholic family of Lebanese descent, making him and his family members of the Antiochian Greek Christian minority (also known as "Rûm"). His father, Yusef Chalhoub, a precious-woods merchant, moved to the port city of Alexandria with his mother in the early 20th century from Zahle in Lebanon. Sharif was later born in Alexandria. His family moved to Cairo when he was four. His mother, Claire Saada, was a noted society hostess, and Egypt 's King Farouk was a regular visitor prior to his deposition in 1952. In his youth, Sharif studied at Victoria College, Alexandria, where he showed a talent for languages. He later graduated from Cairo University with a degree in mathematics and physics. He worked for a while in his father's precious wood business before beginning his acting career in Egypt. In 1955, he named himself in films Omar Sharif. He married fellow Egyptian actress Faten Hamama. It has been widely reported that Sharif studied acting at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, but the academy confirmed to  Al Jazeera that this is not true. Acting career. Egyptian movie star. In 1954, Sharif began his acting career in Egypt with a role in "Sira' Fi al-Wadi" (1954) ("Struggle in the Valley"). He was also in "Shaytan Al-Sahra" ("Devil of the Desert"). He quickly rose to stardom, appearing in "Our Beautiful Days" (1955), "The Lebanese Mission" (1956) (a French film), "Struggle in the Pier" (1956), "Sleepless" (1957) ("[La Anam]"), "Land of Peace" (1957), "Goha" (1958) (a Tunisian film that marked the debut of Claudia Cardinale), "Struggle on the Nile" (1958), "A Beginning and an End" (1960), "A  Rumor of Love" (1960), "Sayyidat al-Qasr" (1960), the "Anna Karenina" adaptation "The River of Love" ("Nahr El-Hob") of Ezz El-Dine Zulficar (1961). He and his wife co-starred in several movies as romantic leads. Sharif achieved success through other movies like "Struggle on the Nile" (1959), "A Rumor of Love" (1960), and "There is a man in our House" (1961), which made him a huge competitor to Salah Zulfikar, Shoukry Sarhan and Rushdy Abaza, the Egyptian cinema giants at the time. Section::::"Lawrence of Arabia". Sharif's first English-language role was that of (the fictitious) Sherif Ali  in David Lean's historical epic "Lawrence of Arabia" in 1962. Sharif was given the role when Dilip Kumar turned it down, Horst Buchholz proved unavailable and Maurice Ronet could not use the contact lenses necessary to hide his eyes. Casting Sharif in what is now considered one of the "most demanding supporting roles in Hollywood history" was both complex and risky as he was virtually unknown at the time outside Egypt. However, as historian Steven Charles Caton notes, Lean insisted on using ethnic actors when possible to make the film authentic. Sharif would later use his ambiguous ethnicity in  other films: "I spoke French, Greek, Italian, Spanish and even Arabic", he said. As Sharif noted, his accent enabled him to "play the role of a foreigner without anyone knowing exactly where I came from", which he stated proved highly successful throughout his career. To secure the role, Sharif had to sign a seven-film contract with Columbia at $50,000 a film. "Lawrence" was a box office and critical sensation. Sharif's performance earned him an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor nomination and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture, as well as a shared  Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor. Sharif went on to star in another Hollywood film, Anthony Mann's "The Fall of the Roman Empire" (1964) where he played the support role of Sohaemus of Armenia. Sharif was third-billed in Columbia's "Behold a Pale Horse" (1964), playing a priest in the Spanish Civil War alongside Gregory Peck and Anthony Quinn. Director Fred Zinnemann said he chose Sharif partly on the suggestion of David Lean. "He said he was an absolutely marvellous actor, 'If you possibly can, take a look at him.'" Film historian Richard Schickel  wrote that Sharif gave a "truly wonderful performance", especially noteworthy because of his totally different roles in "Lawrence of Arabia": "It is hard to believe that the priest and the sheik are played by the same man". The film, like "Fall of the Roman Empire", was a commercial disappointment. Sharif was one of many stars in MGM's "The Yellow Rolls-Royce" (1964), playing a Yugoslav wartime patriot; the movie was a hit. Sharif had his first lead role in a Hollywood movie when he was cast in the title part of "Genghis Khan" (1965). Produced by Irving Allen and  directed by Henry Levin for Columbia, the $4.5 million epic was a box office disappointment. He had a supporting role in a French Marco Polo biopic, "Marco the Magnificent" (1965), starring Buchholz and Quinn. Section::::"Doctor Zhivago". While making "Genghis Khan" Sharif heard that Lean was making an epic love story "Doctor Zhivago" (1965), an adaptation of Boris Pasternak's 1957 novel. Sharif was a fan of the novel and pitched himself for one of the supporting roles; Lean decided to cast him in the lead, as Yuri Zhivago, a poet and physician. Film historian Constantine Santas explained that Lean  intended the film to be a poetic portrayal of the period, with large vistas of landscapes combined with a powerful score by Maurice Jarre. He noted that Sharif's role is "passive", his eyes reflecting "reality" which then become "the mirror of reality we ourselves see". In a commentary on the DVD (2001 edition), Sharif described Lean's style of directing as similar to a general commanding an army. The film was a huge hit. For his performance, Sharif won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama. "Doctor Zhivago" remains one of the top ten highest-grossing  films of all time after adjusting for inflation. Sharif followed it with a cameo in "The Poppy Is Also a Flower" (1966). He, O'Toole and "Lawrence" producer Sam Spiegel were reunited in "The Night of the Generals" (1967), playing a German officer in World War II, his fourth movie for Columbia. The film was not a success. Neither was the Italian-French fairytale "More Than a Miracle" (1967), despite its co-starring Sophia Loren. Section::::"Funny Girl". Sharif was also praised for his portrayal of Nicky Arnstein in "Funny Girl" (1968), at Columbia. He portrayed the husband of Fanny Brice, played  by Barbra Streisand in her first film role. His decision to work alongside Streisand angered Egypt's government because she was a vocal supporter of the State of Israel, and the country condemned the film. It was also "immediately banned" in numerous Arab nations. Streisand herself jokingly responded, "You think Cairo was upset? You should've seen the letter I got from my Aunt Rose!" Sharif and Streisand became romantically involved during the filming. He admitted later that he did not find Streisand attractive at first, but her appeal soon overwhelmed him: "About a week from the moment I met  her", he recalled, "I was madly in love with her. I thought she was the most gorgeous girl I'd ever seen in my life...I found her physically beautiful, and I started "lusting" after this woman." Other films. Sharif co-starred with Catherine Deneuve in "Mayerling" (1968). He was reunited with Peck in a Western at Columbia, "Mackenna's Gold" (1969), an unsuccessful attempt to repeat the success of "The Guns of Navarone" (1961). At 20th Century Fox he played Che Guevara in "Che!" which flopped. "The Appointment" (1969) teamed Sharif with Anouk Aimée and director Sidney Lumet but  was not a hit. James Clavell's "The Last Valley" (1971) was a huge flop, despite co-starring Michael Caine. "The Horsemen" (1971), directed by John Frankenheimer and the last movie under his Columbia contract, also performed poorly at the box office. Sharif later said, "What killed my career was appearing in a succession of films you wouldn't turn down. They were by good directors, but they were bad films." He specifically referenced "Behold a Pale Horse", "The Appointment" and "The Horsemen". "The Burglars" (1971), a French crime film with Jean-Paul Belmondo and Dyan Cannon was a huge  hit in France but little seen in the English speaking world. 1970s. Sharif played Captain Nemo for European TV in an adaptation of "Mysterious Island" (1973). Sharif appeared in a romantic thriller alongside Julie Andrews for Blake Edwards, "The Tamarind Seed" (1974); it did well at the box office and the critics gave good reviews. He supported Richard Harris and David Hemmings in a thriller, "Juggernaut" (1974). Sharif reprised the role of Nick Arnstein in the sequel to "Funny Girl", "Funny Lady" in 1975. He starred in a West German thriller "Crime and Passion" (1976) and had a cameo in  Edwards' "The Pink Panther Strikes Again" (1976). Sharif had a small role in "Ashanti" (1979), starring Caine and a bigger one in "Bloodline" (1979). "I lost money on gambling, buying horses, things like that", he later said. "So I made those movies which I knew were rubbish... I'd call my agent and tell him to accept any part, just to bail myself out." 1980s. Sharif had a lead part in a spy spoof, "S*H*E" (1980) and was second-billed (after James Coburn) in "The Baltimore Bullet" (1980). He had supporting parts in a Chevy Chase comedy "Oh! Heavenly Dog  (1981) and a Ryan O'Neal thriller Green Ice" (1981) (which was made in the 1970s), and a small role in the comedy "Top Secret!" (1984). He appeared on stage in a production of "The Sleeping Prince" in 1983, saying he "appeared in the bad films of great directors". Sharif worked steadily in television, appearing in "Pleasure Palace" (1981), "Peter the Great" (1986), and "" (1986) (as Nicholas II of Russia). He had supporting parts in "Grand Larceny" (1987) and "The Possessed" (1988). His first notable credit in a while was "Mountains of the Moon" (1990) but Sharif's part was only  small. He was the subject of "This Is Your Life" in 1989, when he was surprised by Michael Aspel outside his Paris apartment. 1990s. Sharif was reunited with O'Toole a third time in "The Rainbow Thief" (1990). He went to Egypt for "War in the Land of Egypt" (1991) and France for "Mayrig" (1991) with Claudia Cardinale, an autobiographical tale for Henri Verneuil. The latter was popular enough for a sequel, "588 rue paradis" (1992). Sharif could also be seen in "Memories of Midnight" (1991), "Beyond Justice" (1992), "Catherine the Great" (as Alexei Razumovsky), "Gulliver's Travels" (1996), "Heaven Before  I Die" (1997), and "Mysteries of Egypt" (1998). In 1996, Sharif starred in the documentary "Lebanon...Imprisoned Splendour". The documentary was written and directed by Lebanese-Australian director Daizy Gedeon, who approached Sharif for the project because she wanted someone 'remarkable' to help her tell the true story of Lebanon: a country which, at the time, was still shrouded in the fog of its Civil War. In the film, Sharif shares personal stories of his upbringing in a Lebanese family, and recites the poetry of famous Lebanese poet Khalil Gibran. He had his first decent role in a big Hollywood  film in a long time with "The 13th Warrior" (1999). The outcome of the film's production disappointed Sharif so much that he temporarily retired from film acting, not taking a role in another major film until 2003's "Monsieur Ibrahim": Section::::"Monsieur Ibrahim" and later films. Sharif did have a small role in "The Parole Officer" (2001). In 2003 he said, "I went 25 years without making a good film." In 2003, Sharif received acclaim for his leading role in "Monsieur Ibrahim", a French-language film adaptation of the novel "Monsieur Ibrahim et les fleurs du Coran", as a Muslim  Turkish merchant who becomes a father figure for a Jewish boy. For this performance, Sharif received the César Award for Best Actor. Sharif said of the film: It has nice big chunks of dialogue, which is what I like to do, rather than riding horses or camels. I'd turned down everything and stopped working for four years. I said, 'I'm going to stop doing that rubbish and keep some dignity.' But when I read the script for 'Monsieur Ibrahim,' I phoned the producers immediately. I said, 'Hang on, I'm coming, wait for me.' My problem is finding  parts. When you're young and successful, they write or adapt parts for you. But when you're an old chap, let's be frank, you don't sell tickets anymore. If they need an old Englishman, American or Italian, there are plenty of actors around. So what's open for me? Old Arabs. And that's what I play in this film. Sharif's later film roles included performances in "Hidalgo" (2004), "" (2005) playing the title role for Italian television, "One Night with the King" (2005) (again with O'Toole), and 10,000 BC (2008) as the narrator. Sharif was seen  in "The Ten Commandments" (2006). Also in 2006, Sharif played the artist Hans Canon in "The Crown Prince", a film about Rudolf, the 19th century crown prince of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In Egypt he starred in "Hassan and Marcus" (2008) with Adel Emam' and was in "The Traveller" (2009). He had support roles in "The Last Templar" (2009) and "Rock the Casbah" (2013). Sharif's final role was as lead actor in the short science education film "1001 Inventions and the World of Ibn Al-Haytham", which was directed by Ahmed Salim and was released as part of the  United Nations' International Year of Light campaign, operated by UNESCO. Contract bridge career. Sharif said bridge was his personal passion and at one time was ranked among the world's top 50 contract bridge players. At the 1964 World Bridge Olympiad he represented the United Arab Republic bridge squad and in 1968 he was playing captain of the Egyptian team in the Olympiad. In 1967 he formed the "Omar Sharif Bridge Circus" to showcase bridge to the world and invited professional players including members of the Italian Blue team, which won 16 World championship titles, to tour and promote the  game via exhibition matches including one watched by the Shah of Iran. Touring through Europe, the Circus attracted thousands of spectators who watched the matches via Bridge-O-Rama, a new technology (and predecessor to the modern-day VuGraph) that displayed bidding and cardplay on television monitors. Players included Benito Garozzo, (considered by many as the greatest bridge player of all time) plus his Italian compatriots Pietro Forquet and Giorgio Belladonna and Frenchman Claude Delmouly. In 1970, Sharif and the circus went to London's famous Piccadilly Hotel for an 80-rubber match against British experts Jeremy Flint and Jonathan  Cansino. The stakes were £1 per point, huge stakes even by today's standards. The event was to present bridge as a rich, exciting spectacle and to break through into television to bring the game within the reach of millions. The Circus ultimately won the match by 5,470 points, but Sharif still incurred a net loss after paying all related expenses. The Circus, under the management of Mike Ledeen, toured Canada and the U.S. in 1970–71. Sharif's team joined with the Dallas Aces for a seven-city tour of Chicago, Winnipeg, Los Angeles, Minneapolis–St. Paul, Dallas, Detroit  and Philadelphia. In each city, a team of local experts participated in the exhibition. In 1975, sponsored by the Lancia division of Fiat, Sharif and members of the Italian Blue Team faced off in four challenge matches against American teams. Sharif's team won in Chicago, but was defeated in New York, Los Angeles and Miami. The Omar Sharif World Individual Championship held in 1990 offered the largest total purse ($200,000) in the history of bridge. In 1997, he was a member of the Committee of Honour for the Bermuda Bowl on the first time it was held in  an Arab Country, Tunisia. He competed in a transnational team (with French, German and Lebanese players) and finished 11th. In 1999 he played in a French senior team at the European Championships in Malta, finishing second. In 2000 at Maastricht, he joined Egypt's senior team, finishing in ninth place. With Charles Goren and later Tannah Hirsch, Sharif contributed to a syndicated newspaper bridge column for the "Chicago Tribune". He was also both author and co-author of several books on bridge and licensed his name to a bridge video game, "Omar Sharif Bridge", initially released in an MS-DOS  version and Amiga version in 1992 and is still sold in Windows and mobile platform versions. He was also the hand analyst commentator for the Epson worldwide bridge contests. Sharif was a regular in casinos in France. By 2000 Sharif had stopped playing bridge entirely. Having once proudly declared the game his passion, he now considered it an addiction: "I didn't want to be a slave to any passion anymore. I gave up card playing altogether, even bridge and gambling." Sharif, however, continued to license his name to bridge software games, and co-authored a book with bridge writer  David Bird, "Omar Sharif Talks Bridge". Written in 2004, it includes some of his most famous deals and bridge stories. Personal life. Family and personal relationships. Sharif lived in Egypt from his birth until he moved to Europe in 1965. He recounted that in 1932, his father "wasn't a wealthy man", but "earned quite a bit of money". Before the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, King Farouk frequented Sharif's family home, and became a friend and card-game partner of Sharif's mother. His mother was an elegant and charming hostess who was all too delighted with the association  because it gave her the privilege of "consorting only with the elite" of Egyptian society. Sharif also recounted that his father's timber business was very successful during that time in ways that Sharif describes as dishonest or immoral. By contrast, after 1952, Sharif stated that wealth changed hands in Egypt under Nasser's nationalisation policies and his father's business "took a beating". In 1954, Sharif starred in the film "Struggle in the Valley" with Faten Hamama, who shared a kiss with him although she had previously refused to kiss on screen. The two fell in love; Sharif converted  to Islam, changed his name, and married her. They had one son, Tarek Sharif, born in 1957 in Egypt, who appeared in "Doctor Zhivago" as Yuri at the age of eight. The couple separated in 1966 and their marriage ended in divorce in 1974. Sharif never remarried; he stated that after his divorce he never fell in love with another woman again. Before their divorce, Sharif dated actresses Pat Sheehan and Dodie Marshall. Sharif was also one of the ambassadors of Egypt's bid for the 2010 FIFA World Cup which lost out to South Africa. The Nasser government imposed  travel restrictions in the form of "exit visas", so Sharif's travel to take part in international films was sometimes impeded, something he found to be intolerable. These restrictions influenced Sharif's decision to remain in Europe between his film shoots, a decision that cost him his marriage, though the couple remained friends. It was a major crossroad in Sharif's life and changed him from an established family man to a committed bachelor living in European hotels. When commenting about his fame and life in Hollywood, Sharif said, "It gave me glory, but it gave me loneliness also. And  a lot of missing my own land, my own people and my own country". When Sharif's affair with Streisand was made public in the Egyptian press, his Egyptian citizenship was almost withdrawn by the Egyptian government because of Streisand being Jewish and a vocal supporter of Israel, which was then in a state of war with Egypt. Sharif became friends with Peter O'Toole during the making of "Lawrence of Arabia". They appeared in several other films together and remained close friends. He was also good friends with Egyptologist Zahi Hawass. Actor and friend Tom Courtenay revealed in an interview  for the 19 July 2008 edition of BBC Radio's Test Match Special that Sharif supported Hull City Association Football Club and in the 1970s he would telephone their automated scoreline from his home in Paris for score updates. Sharif was given an honorary degree by the University of Hull in 2010 and he used the occasion to meet Hull City football player Ken Wagstaff. Sharif also had an interest in horse racing spanning more than 50 years. He was often seen at French racecourses, with Deauville-La Touques Racecourse being his favourite. Sharif's horses won a number of  important races and he had his best successes with Don Bosco, who won the Prix Gontaut-Biron, Prix Perth and Prix du Muguet. He also wrote for a French horse racing magazine. In later life, Sharif lived mostly in Cairo with his family. In addition to his son, he had two grandsons, Omar (born 1983 in Montreal) and Karim. The younger Omar Sharif is also an actor. The French actress Andréa Ferréol was his last partner. His position on the 2011 Egyptian revolution. Sharif was very supportive of the 2011 Youth revolution in his home country and asked for the  resignation of Hosni Mubarak, stating: "Given that the entire Egyptian people don't want him and he's been in power for 30 years, that's enough." Health problems and death. Sharif had a triple heart bypass operation in 1992 and suffered a mild heart attack in 1994. Until his bypass, Sharif smoked 25 cigarettes a day. He quit smoking after the operation. In May 2015, it was reported that Sharif was suffering from Alzheimer's disease. His son Tarek Sharif (who portrayed his father's character as a child in Doctor Zhivago) said that his father was becoming confused  when remembering some of the biggest films of his career; he would mix up the names of his best-known films, "Doctor Zhivago" and "Lawrence of Arabia", often forgetting where they were filmed. On 10 July 2015, less than six months after his former wife's death at the same age, Sharif died after suffering a heart attack at a hospital in Cairo. On 12 July 2015, Sharif's funeral was held at the Grand Mosque of Mushir Tantawi in eastern Cairo. The funeral was attended by a group of Sharif's relatives, friends and Egyptian actors, his coffin draped  in the Egyptian flag and a black shroud. His coffin was later taken to the El-Sayeda Nafisa cemetery in southern Cairo, where he was buried. Awards. At the 35th Academy Awards, Sharif was nominated for Best Supporting Actor for his role as Sherif Ali in "Lawrence of Arabia" but lost to Ed Begley. He won two Golden Globe awards in the same year for his role. In 1966, he won a third Golden Globe award for the titular role in the film "Doctor Zhivago". In November 2005, Sharif was awarded the inaugural Sergei Eisenstein Medal by the United Nations  Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in recognition of his significant contributions to world film and cultural diversity. The medal, which is awarded very infrequently, is named after Russian director Sergei Eisenstein. Only 25 have been struck, as determined by the agreement between UNESCO, Russia's Mosfilm and the Vivat Foundation.