Least poorwill
The least poorwill or least pauraque ("Siphonorhis brewsteri") is a species of nightjar in the family Caprimulgidae, and the only confirmed extant species of its genus. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola, which is shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti. Taxonomy and systematics. The least poorwill was previously considered conspecific with the Jamaican poorwill ("Siphonorhis americana"), which is now believed to be extinct. It has two subspecies, the nominate "S. b. brewsteri" (found on mainland Hispaniola) and "S. b. gonavensis" (found on Gonâve Island). Description. The least poorwill is long. The nominate subspecies' upperparts are  grayish brown with blackish streaks and the folded wing shows bold white spots. It has a wide buff collar on the hindneck. The breast is dark brown with white spots and the belly white with brown bars and vermiculation. All but the central tail feathers have narrow pale tips, white in the male and buff in the female. "S. b. gonavensis" is thought to be smaller and paler overall. Distribution and habitat. The nominate subspecies of least poorwill is found in the central and western parts of the Dominican Republic, especially Pedernales, Independencia, and Barahona Provinces, and adjoining Ouest Department  in Haiti. "S. b. gonavensis" is found only on Haiti's Ile de la Gonâve. The species is thought to be generally rare, although it can be locally common, and is possibly under-reported. Recorded sightings are most common in the Dominican Republic, with very few in Haiti. The least poorwill inhabits arid to semi-arid landscapes such as limestone woodland and areas of cactus and thorn scrub. It also occurs in deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forest. In elevation it ranges from sea level to . Behavior. Feeding. Little is known about the least poorwill's feeding behavior and diet, though  the latter is believed to be insects. Breeding. The least poorwill is believed to breed between April and June. One clutch of two eggs was laid directly on the ground with no nest. Vocalization. The male least poorwill's song is "a whistled 'toorrrrri' rising in pitch, or a warbled 'tworrri'." The species also makes "short, whistled 'toorric' or 'to-ic'" calls and "dove-like scratchy sounds". Status. The IUCN originally assessed the least poorwill in 1988 as Near Threatened and changed the rating to Data Deficient in 2000. Since 2007 it has again been assessed as Near Threatened. Its  population is estimated at fewer than 15,000 mature individuals and is decreasing. The primary threats are habitat destruction and predation by introduced mongooses and rats.