Spatula
A spatula is a broad, flat, flexible blade used to mix, spread and lift material including foods, drugs, plaster and paints. In medical applications, "spatula" may also be used synonymously with tongue depressor. The word "spatula" derives from the Latin word for a flat piece of wood or splint, a diminutive form of the Latin , meaning 'broadsword', and hence can also refer to a tongue depressor. The words "spade" (digging tool) and "spathe" are similarly derived. The word "spatula" has been used in English since 1525. Use. Spatulas are usually used to scrape within the contours of a mixing  bowl or to level off the top of a dry mixing cup. In the kitchen. American English usage. In American English, "spatula" refers broadly to a number of broad, flat utensils. The word commonly refers to a turner or flipper (known in British English as a "fish slice"), used to lift and flip food items during cooking, such as pancakes and fillets. The blades on these are usually made of metal or plastic, with a wooden or plastic handle to insulate them from heat. A "cookie shovel" is a turner with a larger blade, made for lifting cookies off a  pan or baking sheet. A frosting spatula is also known as palette knife and is usually made of metal or plastic. Bowl and plate scrapers are sometimes called spatulas. British English usage. In British English a spatula is similar in shape to a palette knife, without holes, in a flexible or detachable blade. It is used in medical examinations, for holding down the tongue or taking cell samples. The term is also commonly used in cookery to refer to a scraper, as in American English. Laboratory use. In laboratories, "spatulas" and "microspatulas" are small stainless steel utensils, used for scraping , transferring, or applying powders and paste-like chemicals or treatments. Many spatula brands are also resistant to acids, bases, heat, and solvents, which make them ideal for use with a wide range of compounds. A common type would be stainless steel spatulas, which are widely used because they are sturdy and affordable. They are resistant to deterioration from contact with boiling water, acids, bases, and most solvents. Some of them come with a polyvinyl chloride plastic handle or riveted hardwood for better handling. Polystyrene spatulas are made for researchers because they are disposable, preventing any potential contaminations which occurs often  with reusable spatulas. They are also ideal for handling lyophilized products or performing lyophilization.