I Walk the Line
"I Walk the Line" is a song written and recorded in 1956 by Johnny Cash. After three attempts with moderate chart ratings, it became Cash's first #1 hit on the "Billboard" charts, eventually reaching #17 on the US pop charts. The song remained on the record charts for over 43 weeks, and sold over two million copies. It has also been used on many LPs released from Sun Records, such as "With His Hot and Blue Guitar", "Sings the Songs That Made Him Famous", and "Sings Hank Williams". It was the title song for a  1970 film starring Gregory Peck and a 2005 biopic of Cash starring Joaquin Phoenix. Background of the song. The unique chord progression for "I Walk the Line" was inspired by the backwards playback of guitar runs on Cash's tape recorder while he was stationed in Germany as a member of the United States Air Force. Later in a telephone interview, Cash stated, "I wrote the song backstage one night in 1956 in Gladewater, Texas. I was newly married at the time, and I suppose I was laying out my pledge of devotion." After writing the song, Cash had a  discussion with fellow performer Carl Perkins, who encouraged him to adopt "I Walk the Line" as the song title. Cash originally intended the song to be a slow ballad, but producer Sam Phillips preferred a faster arrangement; in the end, Cash agreed to the change, and the uptempo recording met with success. On one occasion, while performing "I Walk the Line" on his TV show, Cash explained to the audience the reason for his humming during the song: "People ask me why I always hum whenever I sing this song. It's to get my pitch." The humming was necessary  since the song required Cash to change keys several times while singing it. The song's lyrics refer to marital fidelity, personal responsibility, and avoiding temptation in his first marriage to Vivian Liberto. "I Walk the Line" was originally recorded at Sun Studio on April 2, 1956, and was released on May 1. It spent six weeks at the top spot on the U.S. country Juke Box charts that summer, one week on the C&W Jockey charts and number two on the C&W Best Seller charts. "I Walk the Line" crossed over and reached #19 on the pop music charts . The song was performed with the help of Marshall Grant and Luther Perkins, two mechanics who were introduced to Cash by his older brother Roy after Cash was discharged from the Air Force. Cash and his wife, Vivian, were living in Memphis, Tennessee, at the time. Cash became the front man for the group and precipitated their introduction to Sam Phillips of Sun Records. In 1955, they began recording under the Sun label. It was re-recorded four times during Cash's career: in 1964 for the "I Walk the Line" album, again in 1969 for the "At San Quentin  album (a live performance), in 1970 for the I Walk the Line" soundtrack, and finally in 1988 for the "" album. Additional live performances have been released since Cash's death, along with a demo version recorded prior to the formal 1956 recording session that was released on "Bootleg Vol. II: From Memphis to Hollywood" (Columbia/Legacy) in 2011. Writing and composition. The song is very simple and like most Cash songs, the lyrics tell more of a story than the music conveys. ("You've got a way to keep me on your side/You give me cause for love that  I can't hide/For you I know I'd even try to turn the tide"). It is based upon the "boom-chicka-boom" or "freight train" rhythm common in many of Cash's songs. In the original recording of the song, there is a key change between each of the five verses, and Cash hums the new root note before singing each verse. The final verse, a reprise of the first, is sung a full octave lower than the first verse, the root note lowered from E5 down to E4. When performing this song in recording, and in later  live and television appearances, Cash would place a piece of paper under the strings of his guitar towards the tuning end. As he explained during a 1990s appearance on The Nashville Network, he did this in order to simulate the sound of a snare drum, an instrument to which he did not have access during the original Sun session. Legacy. The song is included in "The 500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll", a permanent exhibit at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2004, "Rolling Stone magazine" ranked the song at  30 on its list of the 500  Greatest Songs of All Time. and also ranked it #1 on its list of the 100 greatest country songs of all time in June 2014. Laurent Wolf version. The song was covered by French house music DJ and producer Laurent Wolf and released in August 2009 as Walk the Line Remix.