Lyman Kipp
Lyman Emmet Kipp, Jr. (December 24, 1929 - March 30, 2014) was a sculptor and painter who created pieces that are composed of strong vertical and horizontal objects and were often painted in bold primary colors recalling arrangements by De Stijl Constructivists. Kipp is an important figure in the development of the Primary Structure style which came to prominence in the mid-1960s. Kipp's early work in the 1950s focused on geometric, plaster reliefs and cast bronzes (see "No. 1 - 1959" or "Directional I"). He moved on to large, geometric, welded pieces composed of post and beam elements emphasizing  the vertical during the 1960s (see "Andy's Cart Blanche", "Muscoot" or "Hudson Bay"). Finding it difficult to transport large, heavy, welded pieces, he turned to angled sections and sheets of steel and aluminum that could be bolted together on site. Typically the pieces were painted with bright colors and the thin edges were often defined with bright, complementary colors (see "Long Distance", "Chicksaw" or "Kobi"). In the late 1970s, Kipp's steel sheets began to move into the air on thin legs (see "Lockport 1977", "Salute to Knowledge" or "Yoakum Jack"). Kipp was a founding member of ConStruct, the  artist-owned gallery that promoted and organized large-scale sculpture exhibitions throughout the United States. Other founding members include Mark di Suvero, Kenneth Snelson, John Raymond Henry and Charles Ginnever. Kipp's health deteriorated and he died peacefully on March 30, 2014. His last known works were in 2011. Education/Teaching/Grants. 1950 - 1952 Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, NY 1952 - 1954 Cranbrook Academy of Art, Michigan 1960 - 1963 Bennington College, Vermont 1962 - 1963 Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, NY 1963 - 1968 Hunter College, NYC 1966 Dartmouth College, NH (Visiting Artist) 1968 - 1975 Lehman College, NYC (Chairman - 1968 - 1974) 1975 - 1978 Hunter College, NYC  (Chairman) 1978 - 1985 Hunter College, NYC 1985 Hunter College, NYC (Professor Emeritus) 1966 Guggenheim Fellowship 1966 Fulbright Grant 1967 Summer Research Grant, City University of New York 1970 City University Faculty Research Grant 1975 City University Faculty Research Grant 1977 Art Park, Lewiston, NY 1980 Hand Hollow Foundation, New York 1982 Schuster Grant Monumental sculptures and public works. United States. Alabama Arizona California Colorado District of Columbia Florida Indiana Massachusetts Michigan Nebraska New Hampshire New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Tennessee Wisconsin