Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Badisi
Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Badisi (died 1922) was a Moroccan astronomer, poet and writer. Biography. Muhammad was born in Fez to the al-Badisi family that was originally from the village of A'rras in the Badis town. He under studied famous scholars of Fez such as Muhammad al-Qadiri, Muhammad Guennoun, Abd al-Salam al-Hawwari, and the Qadi of Fez . Besides his studies in "fiqh", he was also interested in astronomy, language, "ʻilm al-mīqāt" and literature. He went to El Jadida to work as "adel" with "qadi" al-Abid ibn Suda , at this city he started teaching principles of language and religion. One of his students was Abd al-Salam ibn Suda who wrote a "tarjama" (biographical notice) about him in his work "Sall an-nisal li 'n-nidal, bi 'l-ashyakh wa-ahl al-kamāl". Returning to Fez, he worked in lithography, and chose to illustrate works of literature and "'ilm al-miqat" (science of timekeeping). One of the most known books that he printed was Abd al-Rahman al-Jadiri's "Rawdat al-azhar fl 'ilm waqt al-layl wa an-nahar". Finally, he went to Ksar el-Kebir , where he was liked by the general population and the caid of the city, Bousselam Rmiki. He first worked as a teacher, but he started criticising sufi orders, "ziyārat" and "tawassul" (Intercession of saints). His zealous support for wahhabism was showing, people started turning away from him and some "fuqaha'" issued a fatwa against him for his ""ibtida'"" (to initiate illegitimate innovations) and ""muruq"" (deviation). This ultimately forced him to become a recluse in the shrine of Abu 'Asriya al-Fasi in the al-Qattanin quarter. He was sick for a while until his death in 1922 and was buried  in the mausoleum of Abu Yahya al-Mallah in the Bab el-Oued quarter.