Yechiel Eckstein. The Bolsheviks accused the Makhnovists of imposing a formal government over the area they controlled and also said that Makhnovists used forced conscription, committed summary executions and had two military and counter-intelligence forces, namely the Razvedka and the Kommissiya Protivmakhnovskikh Del (patterned after the Cheka and the GRU). However, later historians have dismissed these claims as fraudulent propaganda. Spain (1936). In 1936, the Spanish general Francisco Franco lead coup d'état aimed at overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic to establishing totalitarianism. At that time, the government of the Republic was in no position to stop the falangist coup. However, the 	Anarchy
11813279	first resistance to mobilize were anarchist trade unions which organized a general strike and created militias. Given that power was in the hands of the trade unions, particularly the CNT, they began to establish anarchism in what was the Spanish Revolution of 1936. This was a social revolution as much as a political revolution. Throughout the war and shortly after, many Spanish working-class citizens lived in anarchist communities, many of which thrived during this time. However, the government of the Spanish Republic and the Communist Party of Spain began to regain power through support from the Soviet Union. There 	Anarchy
11813280	was a divide between those that wanted to use the revolution as a force to undermine the Falangists by causing uprisings behind their lines and those that wanted to fight a traditional war using the government-controlled Popular Front. In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin and the Communist International (Comintern) which he led, was in favor of the popular front approach. Desperate to defeat the Falangists, who were getting support from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, the government of the Spanish Republic and the Communist Party of Spain decided to seize back control from the anarchist unions and crush most 	Anarchy
11813281	of the revolution in what became known as the May Days of 1937. Eventually, the popular front approach would not work, as the Nationalists won the war and set up a military dictatorship led by Franco, ending the last of the remaining anarchist communes. Lists of ungoverned communities. Anarchist communities. Anarchists have been involved in a wide variety of communities. While there are only a few instances of mass society anarchies that have come about from explicitly anarchist revolutions, there are also examples of intentional communities founded by anarchists. Anarchy Anarchy is a society being freely constituted without authorities or 	Anarchy
11813282	Yechiel Eckstein Yechiel Eckstein Yechiel Eckstein (; July 11, 1951 – February 6, 2019) was an Israeli American rabbi who founded International Fellowship of Christians and Jews in 1983 and led it for many years. The objectives of the organisation were to support Jews in need of financial help, to promote emigration of Jews to Israel, and to support poor soldiers in the Israel Defense Forces. In 2003, it was listed as the second-largest charitable foundation in Israel by Ha'aretz". In 2010 "Newsweek" listed him in the Top 50 Most Influential Rabbis in America. He was awarded Hadassah's first "Man of Distinction  in 2010, and the Raoul Wallenberg Award in 2014. He was listed in the Jerusalem Post's Top 50 Most Influential Jews" of 2014 and 2015. Early life and education. Born in Winthrop, Massachusetts, Eckstein was the son of the Rabbi and psychologist Dr. Simon "Sy" Eckstein (1919–2016) and his wife Belle Eckstein ("née" Hirschman) of Tampa, Florida. In 1952, when he was just a year old, Eckstein moved with his family to Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, as his father accepted a newly created rabbinic post as the Chief Rabbi of Ottawa, where he was raised, as his father oversaw four  synagogues, two which eventually merged to form Congregation Beth Shalom. He was a graduate of Yeshiva University High School for Boys. Eckstein served as a faculty member at Columbia University, the Chicago Theological Seminary and the Northern Baptist Seminary. The Fellowship. After serving as national co-director of inter-religious affairs for the Anti-Defamation League, Eckstein founded the Holyland Fellowship of Christians and Jews in 1983 to help Christians and Jews work together on projects promoting the safety and security of Jews in Israel and around the world. The organization was renamed the International Fellowship of Christians and Jews  in 1991. Its first goal is to provide material aid to needy Jewish families and the elderly, for example, by helping them buy food and medicine. A secondary mission is promoting Jewish emigration to Israel. The third is supporting the Israeli military by aiding poor Israeli soldiers. When Eckstein started the Fellowship, he had no salary, no medical benefits and a pregnant wife. He worked part-time as a rabbi. In the early years, he received the majority of his donations from fellow Jews. Often these gifts were grudgingly given. "I don't know what you're doing, and I  don't know if I like what you're doing," one Jewish philanthropist from Chicago said to him, but he nonetheless donated. But from the mid-1990s, he became popular with Evangelical Christians, leading to growth of the charity each year. In December 2003, the I.F.C.J. was listed as the second-largest charitable foundation in the country by Israeli newspaper "Ha'aretz". Eckstein was also known for private donations to the Israeli military, through the US-American lobby group "Friends of the IDF". Personal life and death. Eckstein held dual citizenship in the U.S. and Israel, having become an Israeli citizen in  2002. He had three daughters with his first wife, Bonnie Siegman; the couple subsequently divorced. His daughter Yael Eckstein became president and CEO of the International Fellowship of Christians and Jews after Eckstein's death. Eckstein and his second wife, Joelle ("née" Medina), lived in Jerusalem. He recorded six CDs as a Hasidic singer. He was a member of Kol Salonika, The Y'DID Singers and The Rabbis' Sons. In the 1990s Yechiel co-led a band called "Ashira" with Chicago–based band leader Don Cagen. He died on February 6, 2019, after suffering a cardiac arrest. Due to Eckstein's  associations with the Christian right-wing and evangelical movement, he was controversial in the Jewish community., especially among liberal Jews from the United States and among Orthodox Jews. Awards. In June 2010 he was listed by "Newsweek" magazine in the Top 50 Most Influential Rabbis in America. In July 2010, Hadassah awarded him its "Man of Distinction" award. In 2014, he was awarded the Raoul Wallenberg Award by the JDC. He was also listed in the "Jerusalem Post's Top 50 Most Influential Jews" of 2014 and 2015. Yechiel Eckstein Yechiel Eckstein (; July 11, 1951 – February 6, 2019) was an