International Short Film Festival Oberhausen
The International Short Film Festival Oberhausen, founded in 1954, is one of the oldest short film festivals in the world. Held in Oberhausen, it is one of the major international platforms for the short form. The festival holds an International Competition, German Competition, and International Children's and Youth Film Competition, as well as the MuVi Award for best German music video and, since 2009, the NRW Competition for productions from the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Oberhausen is known today for its extensive thematic programmes such as "Memories Can't Wait. Film without  Film" (2014), "The Third Image. 3D Cinema as Experiment" (2015), or "The Language of Attraction. Trailers between Advertising and the Avant-garde" (2019). The festival in addition offers visitors a well-equipped Video Library, operates a non-commercial short-film distribution service and owns an archive of short films from over 60 years of cinema history. History. The International Short Film Festival Oberhausen was founded in 1954 by the director of the Oberhausen Volkshochschule (adult education centre), Hilmar Hoffmann, in association with the Filmclub Oberhausen under the name "1st West German Educational Film Festival". The event was initially geared to  fulfilling an educational policy mandate and the motto chosen for the first festival was hence "Cultural Film – Route to Education". Featured were 45 films from the Federal Republic of Germany, France and the USA. At the 4th West German Educational Film Festival in 1958, the motto "Way to the Neighbour" was introduced, under which the festival took place until 1997. In 1959, the festival was rechristened "West German Short Film Festival". Oberhausen soon made a political name for itself, chiefly because many films produced in the Eastern Bloc could only be viewed in Oberhausen, a situation that led to the  festival's rapid ascent and its reputation as "short film mecca". As early as the 1950s, however, visitors were also treated to works by young filmmakers from the West such as François Truffaut, Norman McLaren, Alain Resnais, Bert Haanstra, and Lindsay Anderson. At the fourth festival in 1958, 190 films from 29 countries were already included in the programme. At the eighth festival in 1962, a group of young German filmmakers, among them Alexander Kluge, Peter Schamoni and Edgar Reitz, issued the Oberhausen Manifesto, pronouncing the "old" film dead and declaring their aspiration to create a new kind of German  film. The 1960s then culminated in a 1968 scandal surrounding Hellmuth Costard's film "Besonders wertvoll", in which a talking penis criticized the new Film Funding Act of 1967. Responding to an objection issued by the public prosecutor's office, the festival removed the film from the official programme, whereupon many German filmmakers withdrew their works from the festival. Oberhausen emerged from the crisis with an amended set of regulations, including a public selection procedure for German films. In the 1970s, the women's movement was a touchstone at the festival, with young filmmakers such as Chantal Akerman and Helma  Sanders-Brahms showing their first films in Oberhausen. With its Children's and Youth Cinema, the festival inaugurated a new competition category in 1978. The 1970s also witnessed a wave of new festivals: ousted from the cinema, the short form found new screening options in the festival arena. In the late 1980s, video and new media began to gradually come onto the scene at Oberhausen. With the subsidence of the East/West conflict that had shaped the festival's early years, its role as "window to the East" slowly faded. Now, the festival's profile as mediator and trailblazer between  the worlds of short film and advertising clip, music video, industrial film, and video art – often subsumed under the generic term avant-garde – came to the fore. In 1991, the festival was renamed the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen, the name it still bears today. That same year, Oberhausen introduced the nation's first competition for German short film. Since 1993, the festival has given film and video equal standing in its competitions. In 1999, Oberhausen introduced the first film-festival award for music videos anywhere in the world, known as the "MuVi", which is still today awarded exclusively to  directors for the visual quality of their clips. With the rise of video art, more and more films made by artists have found their way into the festival programmes. Today, Oberhausen presents short films and videos originating from a wide range of formal, cultural and social backgrounds. Large-scale special programmes take up a different theme each year, most recently "Memories Can't Wait. Film without Film" (2014), "The Third Image. 3D Cinema as Experiment (2015), or "The Language of Attraction. Trailers between Advertising and the Avant-garde" (2019). The festival also maintains a Video Library featuring a large selection  of recent international short films, regularly mounts profile programmes dedicated to individual artists, Market Screenings for international distributors of avant-garde film and the Archive series presenting short film archives, and each year, hosts a discussion series called "Podium". Due to the Corona pandemic in 2020, the Festival organised its 66th edition completely online, making it the first exclusively digital film festival in Germany. With over 2,500 festival passes sold and users in nearly 100 countries, the new format proved far more successful than expected. This was followed in 2021, too, by another all-digital festival edition. The 67th International  Short Film Festival Oberhausen took place online from 1 to 10 May. At ten days, the Festival was almost double its usual length and presented for the first time three new online competitions (International Online Competition, German Online Competition and Muvi International Award). Besides organizing the festival, Oberhausen operates a non-commercial short film distribution service and its own archive holding short films from over 60 years of film history. Careers. During the long history of the Oberhausen festival, many careers got off to a successful start. A few of the filmmakers and artists who showed their early works in  Oberhausen: