Holly blue
The holly blue ("Celastrina argiolus") is a butterfly that belongs to the lycaenids or blues family and is native to the Palearctic. The holly blue has pale silver-blue wings spotted with pale ivory dots. Seitz describes it "Male above shining violet blue, only the apical portion of the costal margin being minutely edged with white. The female has both wings broadly bordered with dark, the margin of the hindwing bearing vestiges of ocelli. Underside silver-white, in the disc a row of black dots, some of which are elongate, and before the margin blackish shadowy dots. Egg  very flat, whitish. Larva green or brown, marked with yellowish white, bearing catenulate stripes on the back, on segment 7 a gland to attract ants; head brown. On Ivy, "Ilex", "Evonymus", "Rhamnus", "Robinia", "Genista", "Spartium", "Astragalus", "Rubus", "Erica", "Pyrus" and many other plants; in Europe visited usually by ants of the genus "Lasius"; in June and the autumn. Pupa mostly fastened to the underside of a leaf, ochreous with brown spots and markings. The butterflies in the spring and again in July, occasionally a third time at the end of August and in September, everywhere common, particularly at the flowers  of ivy and brambles." In Europe, the first generation feeds mainly on the holly species "Ilex aquifolium" but the second generation uses a range of food plants. The holly blue is the national butterfly of Finland. Taxonomy. This species was originally described as "Papilio argiolus" by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, and refers to the examples flying in Europe. In their monograph on the "Lycaenopsis" group of polyommatine genera, Eliot & Kawazoe, 1983, list 14 taxa as valid subspecies names, plus many further synonyms to which they accord lesser status. According to Eliot & Kawazoe, 1983, these 14 subspecies are divided into four  groups as follows: Palaearctic & North African South and South-East Asian Far Eastern Common names. In India, "C. argiolus" is known as the hill hedge blue. Range. Found in Eurasia. and South Asia, it occurs from Chitral in Pakistan to Kumaon in India.