Yongfeng-class gunboat
The "Yongfeng"-class was a class of four Chinese gunboats built by Japan and China respectively, each building a pair. Due to their small size, these ships are also frequently referred as gunboats. Ordered by the government of the Qing dynasty in 1910 under the deal signed between the Qing navy minister Zaixun, his deputy admiral Sa Zhenbing and the Japanese, the first two ships "Yongfeng" (永丰) and "Yongxiang" (永翔) were built by Japan, and the second pair "Yongjian" (永健) and "Yongji" (永绩) were built by Jiangnan Shipyard in China with technical help from Japan. All four ships  differed slightly from one another. Ships. Section::::"Yongfeng". "Yongfeng" is the first ship of this class and one of the most famous Chinese warships, not only because it was a participant of many historical events in China, but also the name it was subsequently changed to: "Zhongshan". Originally stationed in Yuezhou (in modern Hunan) after it was commissioned, the ship was one of the ships led by Admiral Cheng Biguang that sailed to Guangzhou on July 22, 1917 to Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s side in the Constitutional Protection Movement. The ship was ordered to be renamed as "Zhongshan" after Dr.  Sun Yat-sen’s death on March 30, 1925, with formal renaming ceremony held on April 13 of the same year. A year later, the ship became the center of the "Zhongshan" Warship Incident. After being sunk by a Japanese aerial attack on October 24, 1938 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the ship was finally salvaged nearly six decades later in 1997, and restoration of the ship formally began on November 12, 1999. After the completion of restoration, the ship became a museum ship at Jiangxia District, approximately 25 km southwest of downtown Wuchang. Specification: Section::::"Yongxiang". "Yongxiang", the sister  ship of "Yongfeng", has a much less glamorous history than the first ship "Yongfeng". After being commissioned on the same day as its sister ship, "Yongxiang" was stationed at Nanjing. Originally manned by crew loyal to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the crew defected to the Beiyang government in December 1923 with the ship, along with other defected ships. All defected ships including "Yongxiang" participated in the Second Zhili–Fengtian War in October of the following year, and subsequently defected to the Fengtian clique. On December 12, 1937, six ships including "Yongxiang" were sunk by ROCN to block passage of harbors  when Chinese retreated from advancing Japanese invasion forces during the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. Japanese occupation force in China subsequently raised "Yongxiang" and turned it over to the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China in 1942 as a training ship, and renamed it as "Haixiang" (海祥). After the end of the war, the ship was returned to ROCN and its name was changed back to the original name. "Yongxiang" was finally retired from ROCN in 1959. Specification: Section::::"Yongjian". "Yongjian" is the first "Yongfeng"-class gunboat built by China itself. Construction began in 1911, the same year as its sister  ship "Yongji". Owing to the Xinhai Revolution, construction was delayed and "Yongjian" was completed in 1917. The most distinct visual difference between the Chinese-built and Japanese-built ships is that the former has an additional stern deck house, and consequently the stern gun of the former is one level higher than that of the latter. In the Warlord Era, both "Yongjian" and its sister ship "Yongji" were originally part of the fleet of the Zhili clique, but subsequently defected to the Kuomintang government in Nanjing. On August 25, 1937, "Yongjian" was sunk by a Japanese aerial attack in Jiangnan  Shipyard, but the Japanese occupation force raised the ship and rearmed it with Japanese guns to enter Japanese service on October 15, 1938, renamed "Asuka" (飛鳥). "Asuka" first served as a torpedo-boat mothership but eventually, in 1940, served as a liaison ship until it was sunk by American aerial attack on May 7, 1945 in the Huangpu River. Specification: Section::::"Yongji". "Yongji" is the second ship of "Yongfeng"-class gunboats built by China itself. Construction begun in 1911, the same year as its sister ship "Yongjian", but due to the Xinhai Revolution, construction was delayed and not until seven years later  in 1918 was "Yongji" finally completed. In the Warlord Era, both "Yongjian" and its sister ship "Yongji" were originally part of the fleet of the Zhili clique, but subsequently defected to the Kuomintang government in Nanjing. During the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, Yongji was severely damaged by Japanese aerial attack on October 11, 1938 and was beached in Hubei. Japanese invasion force captured the beached "Yongji" and repaired it at Jiangnan Shipyard, and on May 22, 1940, turned it over to the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China as a training ship, and renamed it as "Haixing" (海兴 ). After the end of the war, the ship was returned to ROCN and the name was changed back to the original name. The ship was damaged by the Chinese communist force at the end of the Chinese Civil War on April 23, 1949. The communists repaired the ship and renamed it as "Yan'an", and it served in the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) until its final retirement in 1970. Specification: