Hikone Domain
History. Ii Naomasa, one of Tokugawa Ieyasu's closest advisors and most capable generals, was "daimyō" of Takasaki Domain with a "kokudaka" of 120,000 "koku". This was increased to 180,000 "koku" after the Battle of Sekigahara, and he was transferred to Sawayama Castle, on the shores of Lake Biwa, which was the former home domain of Ishida Mitsunari. The domain was thus originally named . Ii Naomasa disliked living at Sawayama as it had been the home of his enemy, and planned the construction of a new castle, Hikone Castle, but died before it could be completed. His successor , Ii Naokatsu, completed the project in 1606. The Ii clan continued to rule from Hikone Castle until the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, serving in many important posts. Under Ii Naotaka, an internal conflict between vassals of the Ii clan, and former "hatamoto" who had been transferred to become vassals of the Ii clan by Tokugawa Ieyasu was resolved, and the "kokudaka" of the domain was increased by 50,000 "koku" on three occasions (1615, 1617 and 1633), increasing its total to 300,000 "koku". In addition, the domain was entrusted with administering an additional 50,000 "koku" of "tenryō" territory in Ōmi  Province, bringing its actual nominal "kokudaka" to 350,000 koku. During the Bakumatsu period, the domain was ruled by Ii Naosuke, who rose to the position of "tairō" within the shogunate administration and was virtual ruler of the country during the succession between Tokugawa Iesada and Tokugawa Iemochi. His purge of political opponents and support of the ending of Japan's national isolation with the signing of the Harris Treaty drew the wrath of the pro-"Sonnō Jōi" factions of "samurai", and he was assassinated in 1860 in the Sakuradamon Incident. One consequence of this assassination was that the domain was reduced  by 100,000 "koku" in 1862. Through the actions of its final "daimyō", Ii Naonori in the Kinmon incident of 1864, the domain was able to recover 30,000 "koku". He also participated in the Chōshū expedition, the suppression of "Tenchūgumi" and the Mito Rebellion. However, he grew increasingly dissatisfied with the hostile treatment still accorded Hikone Domain by the shogunal administration, which was dominated by the Hitotsubashi faction which had been hostile to Ii Naosuke. He also came to the realization that shogunate's military system and equipment was now obsolete compared with the Satchō Alliance. Thus, although Hikone Domain had  been one of the strongest supporters of the Tokugawa shogunate and was regarded as first among the "fudai daimyō", was among the first to change sides and support the imperial cause in the Boshin War. During the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, although Hikone forces were stationed at Osaka Castle, they did not join the shogunal army, but simply marched home. The domain later took part in combat against the pro-shogunate Ogaki Domain, and in other locations, including the capture of Kondō Isami and suppression of the "Shinsengumi". The new Meiji government awarded Hikone an additional 20,000 "koku" shortly before  the abolition of the han system. Hikone Domain became Hikone Prefecture, which was later transferred to Shiga Prefecture via Nagahama and Inukami prefectures. Ii Naonori was ennobled with the "kazoku" title of Count in 1884. Bakumatsu period holdings. As with most domains in the han system, Hikone Domain consisted of a discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned "kokudaka", based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields. List of daimyō. ★ = Served as "tairō"