James A. Herne
James A. Herne (born James Ahearn; February 1, 1839 – June 2, 1901) was an American playwright and actor. He is considered by some critics to be the "American Ibsen", and his controversial play "Margaret Fleming" is often credited with having begun modern drama in America. Herne was a Georgist and wrote Shore Acres to promote the political economy of Henry George. Biography. Stage actor. James A. Herne was born February 1, 1839, in Cohoes, New York. His parents were poor Irish immigrants who removed him from school at age thirteen to work in a brush factory. Herne  decided to become an actor the next year but was twenty before he could join a traveling troupe. He made his debut in 1859 as George in a production of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in Troy, New York. He enjoyed modest success as a young actor, appearing in Baltimore and Washington, D.C. with the John Thompson Ford company in the early 1860s. He was the leading man for the Lucille Western Touring Company from 1865 to 1867. He was briefly married, in the early 1860s, to Lucille's sister Helen Western, an actress who later became romantically involved with John  Wilkes Booth. Herne managed the Grand Opera House at 23rd and 8th Avenue in New York City for a season. He then moved to San Francisco in 1870 to manage several other theaters. In San Francisco, he met David Belasco, with whom he collaborated on at least three of his plays. He also met and married his second wife, actress Katherine Corcoran. The couple had five children, one son, John, and four daughters, Alma, Dorothy, Julie and Katherine Chrystal who usually went by the name Chrystal Herne. Dorothy and Julie were also actresses. Playwright. Herne was the first American playwright  to incorporate dramatic realism. He ventured away from nineteenth century dramatic romance and melodrama. Much of Herne's work faded into obscurity in the twentieth century. However, he exerted a profound influence, directing American dramatic literature toward the depiction of complex socially realities. This was illustrated in his controversial play "Margaret Fleming" (1890). The work singled him out as an influential figure in 19th-century drama. Herne's first successful play, "Hearts of Oak", was written and produced with Belasco in 1879. After this, Herne focused mostly on writing. Of his later plays, only a handful saw financial success in  his lifetime. He continued to act, often in his own works, but also in the plays of others. In 1897 Herne played "Nathaniel Berry" in "Shore Acres" at the Harlem Opera House. It was the sixth consecutive season that he portrayed this character. Death. James A. Herne died at his home, 79 Convent Avenue, in Manhattan, New York City on June 2, 1901, at 5:00 pm of pneumonia. He initially fell ill two months earlier in Chicago, where he was appearing in his production "Sag Harbor".