Hine-no-shō
The , also known as Hine-no-shō, was a vast "shōen", or landed estate which existed in Izumi Province (present-day city of Izumisano, Osaka Prefecture) from the Kamakura period into the Sengoku period. In the year 1988, 14 sites connected with the Hine-no-shō forming a historical landscape were collectively designated a National Historic Site of Japan.This designation was expanded in 2005 with the addition of the ruins of Chōfuku-ji temple and again in 2013 with the addition of Tsuchimaru and Ameyama Castles It is also a site designated under Japan Heritage. Overview . The area of Hine-no-shō was undeveloped land upon which Mount Kōya twice (in 1205 and again in 1222) applied for permission to develop into an autonomous tax-free "shōen", but even after permission was granted, the temple was unable to fulfill plans to develop the land. In 1234, the aristocrat Kujō Michiie applied to take over the territory, which extended from the coastal area near Osaka Bay to the foothills of the Izumi Mountains. The Kujō family already controlled many "shōen" which were existing estates which had been received through donation in order to attain tex-free status ; however, this was a unique case where the Kujō family developed a new "shōen". Initially, the estate extended over the four villages of Iriyamada, Hineno, Ihara, and Tsuruhara, but in the Muromachi period. the "shugo" of Izumi Province, the Hosokawa clan seized Ihara and Tsuruhara. The remaining two villages correspond to the modern Oki, Tsuchimaru, and Hineno neighborhoods of Izumisano and extend into the neighboring town of Kumatori. Kujō Masamoto, who was "kampaku" from 1476 to 1479 lived on the "shōen" from March 1501 to December 1504, leaving behind a detailed record of shrines, temples, irrigation ponds and the Hügelland  landscape which form the basis of the National Historic Site Designation. During the Nanboku-chō period, control of the Kujō family was weakened due to constant wars and the depredations of the "samurai", and by the middle of the 16th century, the estate came under the control of Negoro-ji temple.