Ukudla kweZinyosi Ezikhiqiza uju
Izinyosi zezinyosi zidinga ukudla ukuze ziphile futhi zikhiqize. Badinga ama-carbohydrate, ushukela eklaleni noma uju, ama-amino acids, amaprotheni avela empova, lipids - amafutha acids, ama-sterols, amavithamini, amaminerali usawoti, namanzi.
Izinyosi zezinyosi zidinga ukudla okucebile ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zempova ukuze ukwazi ukukhiqiza ama-enzyme ahlukahlukene. Lezi zinkimbinkimbi ziyadingeka ukuze zixoshe imizimba yazo ezibulala izibulala-zinambuzane nezifo bese zakha amasosha omzimba aqinile futhi anomelana nawo. Ngokuvamile amasosha omzimba ompofu, okuholela ekungondleni kanye nendlala yimbangela enkulu yokufa kwezinyosi.
Izinyosi eziqinile ezinomsoco zinomsoco wokuhlala unomsoco nobusika futhi ulandele izinyosi ezincane kakhulu kunezo ezingazange zithole ukondla izinyosi ezengeziwe.
Isikhathi Esifanele Sokufunza Inyosi
Ukondla izinyosi kudingekile uma ikoloni yezinyosi iphansi ekudleni kokugcinwa kokudla futhi uma kunomanyolo omncane wemvelo. ENingizimu Afrika, kuphela i-12% yomhlaba ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ezifana nezihlahla zezithelo, kanti izinyosi zemvelo ezifana ne-fynbos eNtshonalanga Koloni nazo zilinganiselwe. Umanyolo wezemvelo uyancipha nakakhulu ngenxa yesomiso nemifucumfucu.
Uju emthonjeni luwumthombo wokudla izinyosi phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika kanti ngezikhathi zokuntuleka kwezitshalo ezinezimbali ezicebile. Ngesikhathi sesomiso noma lapho ingatholakali ncoma, izinyosi zisebenzisa lezi zitolo ezisezinyosi esidlekeni ukuze zisinde. Ngokuvamile ukondla ngokwengeziwe izinyosi kuyadingeka emva kokuvuna uju.
Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi umfuyi wezinyosi ahlale eqaphela inani lomuncu esidlekeni ukukala uma kudingekile ukudla kwezinyosi noma uma imifuba idinga ukuthunyelwa endaweni enezinyosi eziningi zemvelo.
Ukudla okungeziweko kuvame ukunikezwa ngaphambi nje komcimbi okhungathekileko njengokuvuna uju, ukuhambisa isidleke somsebenzi wepilini begodu ngaphambi kokuhlukanisa ikoloni.
Ukudla okungeziweko nakho kungathuthukisa impilo yekoloni nenkosikazi.
Yikuphi Ukudla Okufanele Izinyosi Ezikhiqhiza uju
Izinyosi zidinga ama-carbohydrate, ushukela kanye namaphrotheni, impova.
Ama-carbohydrate asetshenziselwa ukugcina izinga lokushisa komzimba wezinyosi nokushisa ngaphakathi kwangaphakathi.
Izinyosi nazo zidinga impova njengomthombo wamaprotheni, amavithamini, amaminerali kanye nama-carbohydrate. I-pollen isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-jelly yasebukhosini okumele ukondle indlovukazi kanye nengane.
Ukufunza Izinyosi - Ushukela
Ungondli uju izinyosi ngaphandle uma kuvela emathunjini akho. Izifo zezinyosi ezifana ne-American foulbrood zingasakazwa ngunyosi futhi zingabangela ukutheleleka emcimbini wakho. Futhi, iphunga lezinyosi lingadonsela ukuphanga izinyosi ukuze ungene esidlekeni.
Esikhundleni sokudla ushukela ovamile wamatafula amhlophe noma isiraphu eyenziwe ngoshukela omhlophe namanzi. Ungalokothi usebenzise ushukela oluhlaza, ushukela omnyama noma ama-molasses njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukuhuda kwezinyosi.
Osi bakhetha ukulinganisa kwesilinganiso esisodwa soshukela kwenye ingxenye yamanzi, 1:1 dilution, kanti abanye bakhetha isiraphu esithambile sez. Abanye abafuyi bezinyingxenye ezimbili zeshukela kwenye ingxenye yamanzi 2:1. Amanzi afudumele asiza ukuqothula ushukela, kodwa ukuxuba ushukela akufanele kushiswe noma kubiliswe njengoba lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ushukela.
Ngokuvamile, isiraphu e-1:1 izokwengeza ama-honey stores futhi ivuse ama-coloni ukukhiqiza izinsizi ezintsha zezinyosi. Isiraphu esithambile isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ukudla uma uju egcina emcimbini uphansi. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ukondla cishe 1 ilitha isiraphu. Lokhu kufanele kube okwanele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Faka isiraphu esitayini esingajulile ngaphansi kwesembozo somhlathi bese ubeka ezinye utshani utshani, amahlumela noma amatshe ezinyosi ukuze ufinyelele isiraphu ngaphandle kokuwela ngaphakathi nokugwinya.
Ukufunza Izinyosi - Impova
Impova ingcono kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zokuvundisa impova eduze komuthi kodwa ukuntuleka kungenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ama-honeybees akhetha impova enokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni angaphezulu kwama-25%. Imithombo yamapulazi ihlanganisa i-sunflower 14%, i-eucalyptus 20% ne-Aloe davyana 28%.
Ngezikhathi zokuntuleka, impova ingase isetshenziswe ngokusebenzisa ama-pollen substitutes, ukuthenga abahlinzeki bemishini yezinyosi, noma impova yemvelo. I-pollen nayo ingathatha futhi isakaze izifo zezinyosi ngakho uma iseza impova yemvelo, iqoqa impova kuphela eqenjini eliqinile nelingenalo izifo.
UDkt. Eric C. Mussen, weNyuvesi yaseCalifornia Davis, eUSA futhi uncoma imvubelo ye-brewer, into ephansi ebiza njenge-pollen ekuqukethwe kwayo okunomsoco.
Kungaba ukondla izinyosi, kodwa bayifaka kangcono uma kunokuvumelana okufana nebhotela le-peanut. Abafuyi bezinyosi ezincane, abanezingxube ezimbalwa kuphela, bangaxuba imvubelo nge-50% isiraphu ishukela. Gcoba iphepha le-wax noma izikhwama zeplastiki ukuze ugcine unomanzi.
Umlimi wezinyosi wasePaarl uNico Langenhoven uthole ukuthi ukudla ingxube yempova nge-5 kuya kwezingu-10% uju, okondliwe amafreyimu aseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kuya ku-brood, isebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi sebenzisa uju lomcuba hhayi uju kusuka emngceleni wangaphandle njengoba kungase kuvele izifo.