Ibn Athir
Ibn Athīr is the family name of three brothers, all famous in Arabic literature, born at Jazīrat ibn Umar (today's "Cizre" nowadays in south-eastern Turkey) in upper Mesopotamia. The ibn al-Athir brothers belonged to the Shayban lineage of the large and influential Arab tribe Banu Bakr, who lived across upper Mesopotamia, and gave their name to the city of Diyar Bakr. Brothers. Majd ad-Dīn. The eldest brother, known as Majd ad-Dīn (1149–1210), was long in the service of the amir of Mosul, and was an earnest student of tradition and language. His dictionary  of traditions (Kitāb an-Ni/zdya) was published at Cairo (1893), and his dictionary of family names ("Kitāb ul-Murassa") has been edited by Ferdinand Seybold (Weimar, 1896). Diyā' ad-Dīn. The youngest brother ، ضياء الدين ، Diyā' ad-Dīn (1163–1239), served under Saladin from 1191 and his son al-Malik al-Afdal who succeeded him, served in Egypt, Samosata, Aleppo, Mosul and Baghdad. He was one of the most famous aesthetic and stylistic critics of Arabian literature. His works include: Ali ibn al-Athir. The most famous brother was Ali ibn al-Athir (May 13, 1160 – 1233), who devoted himself  to the study of history and Islamic tradition. At the age of twenty-one he settled with his father in Mosul and continued his studies there. In the service of the amir for many years, he visited Baghdad and Jerusalem and later Aleppo and Damascus. He died in Mosul. His world history, the al-Kāmil fi t-tarīkh ("The Complete History"), extends to the year 1231. It has been edited by , "Ibn al-Athīr Chronicon quod perfectissinum inscribitur" (14 vols., Leiden, 1851–1876). The first part of this work up to A.H. 310 (A.D. 923) is an abbreviation of the work  of Tabari with minor additions. Ibn Athīr also wrote a history of the Atabegs of Mosul "at-Tarīkh al-atabakīya", published in the "Recueil des historiens des croisades" (vol. ii., Paris); a work ("Usd al-Ghdba") giving an account of 7,500 companions of the Muslim prophet Muhammad (5 vols., Cairo, 1863), and a compendium (the "Lubāb") of Samani's Kitāb ui-A n.~db (cf. Ferdinand Wüstenfeld's "Specimen el-Lobabi", Göttingen, 1835).