Thoroughbred racing in New Zealand
The racing of Thoroughbred horses (or gallopers, as they are also known) is a popular gaming and spectator sport and industry in New Zealand. History. Thoroughbred horse racing commenced soon after European settlement. The first totalisator machine in the world was installed at Ellerslie Racecourse in 1913, see Sir George Julius). Thoroughbred racing with the associated aspects such as horse breeding, training and care, race betting, race-day management and entertainment has gradually developed into an industry worth billions of dollars. The governing body is the New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing Incorporated. Race clubs and courses  of New Zealand. Thoroughbred racing is held throughout New Zealand, including courses in some of the smaller centres. Prominent people. For further prominent people in New Zealand thoroughbred racing, see the list of honorees of the New Zealand Racing Hall of Fame. Leading jockeys. According to www.racebase.co.nz the jockeys with over 2000 New Zealand wins are: The top female jockeys are Lisa Allpress (1672) and Trudy Thornton (1146), both are still riding as at July 2021. In April 2014 David Walsh broke Lance O'Sullivan's record for the most New Zealand wins. In July 2020 senior jockey Michael Coleman retired  after suffering injuries. He had won 39 group 1 wins in his career. On 19 December 2020 Chris Johnson took the record for New Zealand winners when he rode Sassenach to win at Awapuni. To this date Chris has won 21 group 1 races. On 17 February 2021 Danielle Johnson rode her 1000th winner, when she brought home Feelin’ Fancy in race 1 at Te Aroha. Her father, Peter Johnson, rode 1370 winners in his career. Women jockeys. In 1977 the New Zealand Racing Conference accepted female jockeys and they became eligible to ride on 15 July 1978 with the  first Kiwi woman to ride in a totaliser race in New Zealand being Joanne Hale (Giles) on that day at Waimate. Previously Linda Jones was the first to apply for an apprentice's licence and be turned down. She had ridden in a number of lady riders events over many years in New Zealand and overseas such as in Brazil, which highlighted that New Zealand and Australia were outliers in not allowing women to compete with male jockeys in professional races. The first win by a woman in New Zealand was visiting Canadian jockey Joan Phipps, at Te Awamutu in  November 1977. Sue Day from Christchurch became the first New Zealand female jockey winner in a totalisator race against males on 22 July 1978 when she won with the Ned Thistoll-trained Jaws in the Waybrook Handicap at Timaru. Other female riders then included Vivienne Kaye (Awapuni), Joanne Lamond (Oamaru) and Cherie Saxon (Hastings). Linda Jones' first win was on Big Bickies at Te Rapa and soon after Royal Petite was the first Open Handicap winner for a female jockey. Subsequent highlight wins for Linda were Lovaro in the Queen Elizabeth Handicap and Holy Toledo in the Wellington Derby on  22 January 1979 (possibly the first female jockey world-wide to win a Derby). Linda Jones was also the first female jockey to win a professional race against males at a registered meeting in Australia, winning aboard Pay The Purple in the Labour Day Cup at Doomben, Brisbane on May 7, 1979. Although there was resistance from some industry participants, the above female jockeys and those that followed competed with great skill and success. It is fair to say most of the gender-related barriers are now long gone. Other female riders of note include: Female riders have subsequently gone  on to win the New Zealand premiership; Lisa Cropp (2005-2007), Lisa Allpress (2012, 2016, 2019 and 2020), Samantha Collett (2018) and Danielle Johnson (2021). In late February 2020 Lisa Allpress was the first female to win a thoroughbred race in Saudi Arabia on the horse Matmon at King Abdullah Aziz racetrack in Riyadh. She was competing in the inaugural International Jockeys Challenge in which she competed with 14 other jockeys including 7 women. She won the very first race in the challenge. The challenge was won by American Hall of Fame jockey Mike Smith, Swiss-born Germany based Sibylle  Vogt was second while Lisa was third equal with French jockey Mickaelle Michel. Prominent New Zealand horses. The following contains details of some of the top New Zealand horses. As well as those winning major races within New Zealand, locally owned and/or trained horses frequently go to Australia for racing campaigns or permanently due to the higher stake money in that country. Between 1882 and New Zealand-bred horses won Australia's Melbourne Cup 43 times. During the 2008-09 racing season 19 New Zealand-bred Thoroughbreds won 22 Group One races around the world. Horses may also go to  Asia (mainly Hong Kong or Singapore) or on occasions to Europe or the United States. Recent winners of major NZ Cups. The following are the recent winners of major cups. Recent winners of major NZ sprint races. The following table contains the recent winners of major races for sprinters (generally distances of 1500m or less). The winners of the Tarzino Trophy over 1400m are shown in the table for New Zealand's Hastings Triple Crown. Enzo's Lad which won the Telegraph Handicap in 2018 and 2019 was 2nd in 2020. El Chico was aged 11 when winning  its second Stewards Stakes in 2011, a race record. Recent winners of other notable Weight for Age or open races. The following are the recent winners of other notable races. Recent winners of major NZ 3-year-old races. The following are the recent winners of major races for 3-year-old horses. Recent winners of the New Zealand Triple Crown races. The New Zealand Triple Crown, also called the Hawke's Bay Triple Crown or Hastings Triple Crown as all three races are run there, consists of: Many of New Zealand's best Thoroughbred horses have raced in the  various Triple Crown events. A number of horses managed to win two of the three races and some were beaten into second in the third leg. Seachange won two of the three legs of the Triple Crown in both 2006 and 2007. On 5 October 2019 Melody Belle was the first horse to win all three of the Hastings Triple Crown races. The Messara Report and the New Zealand Government's racing industry reforms. In April 2018 the New Zealand Government Minister for Racing, Rt Hon Winston Peters appointed an Australian, John Messara, to review the New Zealand racing industry 's governance structures, and provide recommendations on future directions for the industry. On 30 August 2018, the Minister released the report ("the Messara Report). There was considerable media commentary regards the proposed closure of racetracks in smaller centres. During October 2018 feedback on the Messara Review was sought. In November 2018 a summary report of the submissions was compiled. On 13 December 2018 the Minister for Racing announced a five-member Ministerial Advisory Committee to inform next steps on the Messara Review. Mr Peters appointed Dean McKenzie as chair, supported by Committee members Bill Birnie, Liz Dawson, Kristy McDonald and  Sir Peter Vela. New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing's (NZTR) Venue Plan was released in January 2019. The Report recommended: Feedback on the document was sought, with nine regional meetings held and 75 written submissions received. NZTR chief executive Bernard Saundry said the NZTR board considered the feedback and decided the Wairoa, Blenheim and Reefton tracks would receive a reprieve, for the 2019–20 season at least. On 17 April 2019, the Minister for Racing announced that the New Zealand Government's Cabinet had agreed to the overall intent of the Messara Report and plans to implement reforms through two Bills to  amend the Racing Act 2003. The first Bill, planned to be enacted by 1 July 2019, was to begin the process of structural reform and provide financial relief to the industry. On 20 June 2019 the Racing Reform Bill passed its third reading and final reading in Parliament. On 5 December 2019 the Minister for Racing introduced the Racing Industry Bill as the Government's final legislative response to the recommendations of the Messara Report. It was reported in the media that the Bill extinguished the freehold property rights of local racing club owners who would be forced to sell  their courses, money from any sales would not be used in that community but instead transferred to develop clubs in bigger centres elsewhere.