Mami (hip hop)
In hip hop, the term mami refers to an attractive Latina woman, typically of Puerto Rican or Dominican descent. There is also the emergence of the "mami" video vixen, who is the glamorized, hyper-sexualized version of an attractive Latina woman that is seen in rap videos. The image of "mami" that is the most popular in rap culture is the "butta pecan mami", a term coined by Raquel Z. Rivera, which refers to a Latina woman who has light golden colored skin and "good" (European-type) hair. The "mami" shares qualities with the hyper-sexualized black  woman, but her skin color and hair type put her in a higher position in the Eurocentric desired hierarchy. The "mami" that appears in mainstream rappers videos are specifically referred to by origin, which was generally Puerto Rican (but now also refers to women of Dominican descent), when the "mami" fetish of the 1990s took off. The term is not only used in hip hop but in general conversation by the general population. The dictionary maintained by the Academy of Puerto Rican Spanish () states that the term is used to refer to one's mother, one's girlfriend or concubine , a beautiful woman, or even to a young girl. Emergence of the "mami" figure in rap music. In the late 1990s, there was an emergence of a romanticization of Latino stereotypes (gangster and drug dealers) and usage of Spanish language in American rap music. From this trend came the view of Latinos, in particular women, as exotic version of the black counterparts, with a much more sexualized way of being. The use of the term "mami" in songs such as Diddy's song "Senorita" brought attention to the term as well as who it would represent in the media. There  was also an awareness made to different types of "mamis". The two distinct "mami" identities that emerged from these applications of stereotypes and Spanish language are the tropicalized "mami" and the "butta pecan mami". The tropicalized "mami" is one that is an exotic, lighter-skinned version of black womanhood. The "butta pecan mami" is more in reference to a specific skin color (e.g. the color of butter pecan-flavored desserts). Critique of "mami" figure in hip hop. Within hip hop, women who are involved are portrayed as objects or only as good as how they work the sexual aspect of  their identity, both of which lead to hyper-sexualization. There has been a history of, in the last 15 years, women who have been elevated to a higher status within hip hop, through the usage of sexuality and sexualization of themselves. In regards to Latinas in the hip hop community, the objectification of body parts through song lyrics, such as referring to a woman's "chocha", or vagina or vulva or pussy in "It's All About The Benjamins" by Puff Daddy, as well as the focus on the butt of Latinas, as referenced in "The Motto" by Drake has  been a part of exposing mainstream media to the "mami" figure in hip hop. The women that are representing this image, such as Jennifer Lopez, also represent successes in the Latin community. The identities of the "successful" Latina and the "mami" Latina are ones that have been presented together, and have been critiqued for having been shown that way. This representation of Latina women as the "mami" figure is not broad enough and does not show the full spectrum of Latina women. Thus, it confines Latina women to one stereotypical and unachievable beauty standard. Recently, there has been a call  to take a critical look at how the Latin community, in particular Latinas, are represented in mainstream media via their communities and public figures. Popular "mami" figures in mainstream media. In mainstream media, some of the women who fall under the category of "mami" are Jennifer Lopez and Angie Martinez. While Martinez transgresses different categories across Latina and Black representations of women in rap, she is credited to be the original butta pecan mami. Jennifer Lopez also falls into the mami category due to her light golden skin and European-type hair. Twin singing duo Nina Sky also fits under  the category of "mami", in their appearance and in how they are represented through music collaborations, such as with artist N.O.R.E. in the music video for "Oye Mi Canto". Angie Martinez. Angie Martinez is called the "Butta Pecan Rican". or the original "butta pecan mami" She was a female MC that received a large amount of media attention through her music, but primarily through her position as a radio host on New York City's Hot 97 radio station. Jennifer Lopez. Jennifer Lopez, when she came to the height of her career in the late 1990s, was the highest paid  Latina actress in Hollywood, as well as an icon of Latina womanhood. As her career progressed and she entered the music industry, there was a focus on her figure that was notable in her songs (Ex: "On The Floor", "Booty", "Dance Again"). One specific aspect of the "mami" identity that gets focused on in mainstream media are the bodies of "mamis", in particular the "booty". Jennifer Lopez is well known in the hip hop community for her exceptional figure. Due to her "black" body, "good" hair and lighter skin, her Latina identity and figure is desired by many. Male rap  artists, such as Diddy, have referred to Lopez's butt in part of their lyrics. For example, in the song "Big Ole Butt", Diddy (at the time, Puff Daddy) raps She had the kind of booty that I'd like to get in ... I scooped this beauty, like a big game hunter ... I put her big booty on the zebra skin rug Recently, this is most visible in the music video for her song "Booty". The conversation and fixation on the "booty" is one that is very much associated with the "mami" identity in contemporary times, which further dehumanizes women  associated with the "mami" identity. For example, when Lopez appears in public, the fixation on her butt becomes the sole focus of attention, due to its difference from white-identified bodies, as it is a "stereotypical Latina butt" that is eroticized and fetishized.