Battle of Helgeå
The Battle of Helgeå (Norwegian: "Slaget ved Helgeå", Swedish: "Slaget vid Helgeå"), or Battle of the Holy River, was a naval engagement which took place in 1026 between joint Danish and English forces and a combined Norwegian and Swedish force, at the estuary of a river called "Helge" (Holy River) in Sweden. King Olaf II of Norway and King Anund Jacob of Sweden took advantage of the commitment of Danish King Cnut in England and began to launch attacks on the Danish in the Baltic Sea. The Swedish and Norwegian navies led by kings Anund Jacob and  Olaf II lay in wait up the river for the navy of King Cnut, which was commanded by Danish earl Ulf Jarl. Cnut's navy was massive; his own ship is said to have been 80 metres long. The Swedish and the Norwegian kings ordered a large dam be made of peat and lumber on the river. When the Danish navy sailed in, the water was released and a great many Danes and Englishmen drowned in the deluge. However, the main strength of Cnut's fleet lay outside the river harbour. After the ships in the harbour were destroyed, the  rest of the fleet gathered together from all quarters. The kings Olaf and Anund Jacob, seeing they had got all the victory that "fate permitted them to gain" for the moment, let their ships retreat. If the battle had been renewed, they would have suffered a great loss of men, because Cnut had more ships. King Cnut did not pursue them. This left Cnut as the dominant leader in Scandinavia. At some time after the battle, Cnut subjugated the core provinces of Sweden around Lake Mälaren where he had his own coins minted in Sigtuna. Primary sources. The battle is  retold in skaldic poetry and in sources such as the Danish "Gesta Danorum" by Saxo Grammaticus and the Icelandic "Saga of Olaf the Holy" by Snorri Sturluson. Opinions are divided as to whether the location was at Helgeå in Uppland or the Helge River of eastern Scania. In the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle", the battle is dated to 1025 and the Swedes won the battle.