Izipho zeZikolo ezizimeleyo: Kutheni Zifuna?
Iminikelo Yesikolo Ebucala
Kutheni izikolo ezizimeleyo zifuna ukuxhaswa?
Uninzi umntu uyazi ukuba ukuya esikolweni sabucala ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuhlawula isifundo, esingaba ngama-dollar ambalwa ukuya kumawaka angama-60,000 ngonyaka. Yikholwa okanye akunjalo, ezinye izikolo ziye zaziwa ukuba zineemali zokufundiswa zonyaka ezithintela uphawu lwama-six. Kwaye nangona le mijelo enkulu yemali efundiswayo, ininzi yezi zikolo ziyaqhubeka zixhaswa ngeenkqubo ze-Annual Fund, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye neeprojekthi ezinkulu. Ngoko kutheni ezi zikolo ezizityebi-mali zifuna ukunyusa imali engaphezulu nangaphezulu kwimivuzo? Funda kabanzi malunga nenxaxheba yokuxhaswa ngemali kwizikolo ezizimeleyo kunye nokwahlukana phakathi komzamo ngamnye wokuqokelela imali.
Kutheni Izikolo Ezizimeleyo Zicela Iminikelo?
Ukuxhaswa kwemali. Heather Foley
Ngaba wayesazi ukuba kwizikolo ezininzi ezizimeleyo, ukufundiswa kweso sifundo akunakubhalela iindleko ezipheleleyo zokufundisa umfundi? Liyinyaniso, kwaye le ngxabano idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "gap," emele ulwahlulo phakathi kweendleko zangempela zemfundo yesikolo ngasese ngamnye umfundi kunye neendleko zemfundo ngamnye umfundi. Enyanisweni, kumaziko amaninzi, ikhefu likhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi liza kubakhupha ngaphandle kwangoko ukuba kwakungekho ngeminikelo evela kumalungu athembekile esikolweni. Izikolo ezizimeleyo zikwahlula njengemibutho engekho inzuzo kwaye zibambe amaxwebhu afanelekileyo angama-501C3 ukuze asebenze njenjalo. Unokwenza uphinde uhlole impilo yemali yemibutho engekho inzuzo, kubandakanywa izikolo ezizimeleyo, kwiindawo ezinjenge-Guidestar, apho unokwenjenjalo ubuyekeze iifomu ze-990 ezingenakuncedo ezifunekayo ukuba zizalise ngonyaka. Iingxelo ze-Guidestar zifunwa, kodwa zikhululekile ukufumana ulwazi oluyisiseko.
Ok, yonke into ebalulekileyo, kodwa usenokuba uzibuza ukuba, imali iya kuphi ... inyaniso kukuba, ukuqhuba isikolo kukukhulu kakhulu. Ukususela kumvuzo wezakhono kunye nabasebenzi, ngokuqhelekileyo kubangele ininzi yeendleko zesikolo, ukugcinwa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nokusebenza, iintsuku zemihla ngemihla, kunye neendleko zokutya, ngokukodwa kwizikolo zokuhamba, ukuphuma kwemali kukhulu kakhulu. Izikolo nazo ziyacima izifundo zabo kwiintsapho ezingenakukwazi ukufumana iindleko ezipheleleyo kunye noko kubizwayo, uncedo lwezemali. Le mali yesibonelelo ihlala ixhaswa ngemali ngebhajethi yokusebenza, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yayiza kuvela kwisabelo (ngaphezulu kweso sinye), esiyimiphumo yeminikelo.
Makhe sijonge iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokupha kwaye sifunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela eninzi ngayo inzame yokuxhaswa ngemali.
Umgudu weNgxowa-mali: iNgxowa-mali yonyaka
UAlex Belomlinsky / Getty Izithombe
Phantse zonke izikolo ezizimeleyo zineengxowa-mali zonyaka, nto leyo ebizwa ngokuba yinto egama layo: imali yeminyaka eyinikelwa yona kwisikolo ngamalungu (abazali, i-faculty, i-trustees, i-alumni kunye nabahlobo). Iidola zeNgxowa-mali zonyaka zisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa iindleko zokusebenza esikolweni. Le mivuzo idla izipho abantu abazinikela kunyaka emva konyaka, kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuncedisa "i-gap" apho izikolo ezininzi zinamava. Yikholwa okanye ayikho, izifundo kwizikolo ezininzi ezizimeleyo- kunye nesininzi sezikolo ezizimeleyo (Ukukhathazeka ngokumahluko phakathi kwezikolo ezizimeleyo nezizimeleyo? Funda oku .) - ayifuni iindleko ezipheleleyo zemfundo. Akuqhelekanga ukuba kufundiswe ukufundela kuphela i-60-80% yento ebiza ngayo ukufundisa umfundi, kunye ne-fund yangonyaka kwizikolo ezizimeleyo kunceda ukwenza lo mmahluko.
Umzamo wokuxhaswa kwemali: Iiprojekthi zeNkunzi
Inceba Yeliso / i-Getty Izithombe
Iphulo eliyinkunzi lixesha elithile lexeshana elijoliswe kuyo. Inokuhlala iinyanga okanye iminyaka, kodwa inomhla wokugqibela kunye neenjongo zokuphakamisa imali eninzi. Ezi mali zijongwa ngokubanzi kwiiprojekthi ezithile, njengokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esitsha kwi-campus, ukulungiswa kweendawo ezikhoyo ze-campus, okanye ukunyusa kakhulu uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwemali ukuvumela iintsapho ezininzi ukuba ziye esikolweni.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iiprojekthi ezinkulu zenzelwe ukujikeleza iimfuno zoluntu, njengamabhokithi ezongezelelweyo esikolweni esikhulayo, okanye i-auditorium enkulu evumela ukuba isikolo sonke sihlangane kunye ngokukhawuleza. Mhlawumbi isikolo sibheke ukufaka i-rink entsha ye-hockey okanye ukuthenga umhlaba owongezelelweyo ukwenzela ukuba banokwandisa inani leendawo zokudlala kwikampus. Yonke le migudu ingenelwa kwiphulo elikhulu. Kaninzi "
Umzamo wokuxhaswa kwemali: Iintlawulo
PM Izithombe / Getty Izithombe
Ingxowa yenkxaso yesikhwama sokutshala imali esiya kuthi izikolo zizinze ukwenzela ukuba zikwazi ukuqhuba rhoqo kwiinkunzi ezinkulu. Injongo kukukhuphula imali ngexesha elide ngokutyalombela kwaye lingathinti ubuninzi balo. Ngokufanelekileyo, isikolo siya kuhamba malunga ne-5% yesibonelelo sonyaka, ngoko ke siyaqhubeka nokukhula ngaphezu kwexesha.
Isibonelelo esinamandla sisisigininiso esiqinisekileyo sokuthi ixesha elide le sikolo liqinisekisiwe. Izikolo ezininzi ezizimeleyo ziye zijikeleze enye enye okanye amabini amabini, ukuba ayinakude. Abaxhamli babo abathembekileyo abancedisa uxanduva bancede baqinisekise ukuba ikusasa lemali likolo liqinile. Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba isikolo sibe neengxaki zemali kwixesha elizayo, kodwa libonelela ngoncedo ngokukhawuleza kumbulelo omncinci oza kuthatha ngonyaka.
Le mali isetyenziselwa ukunceda izikolo zifezekise iiprojekthi ezithile ezingenakufezwa yikhwama yonyaka okanye iibhajethi zokusebenza ngokubanzi. Iimali zenkxaso zihlala zineemigaqo eqingqiweyo nemigaqo malunga nokuba imali ingasetyenziselwa njani, kwaye ingaba ingakanani inokusetyenziswa rhoqo ngonyaka.
Imali yokunika imali ingancinci kwimisebenzi ethile, njenge-scholarships okanye i-faculty enrichment, kanti iifom zeNgxowa-mali zonyaka ziqhelekileyo ngokwemvelo, kwaye zingabelwe kwiiprojekthi ezithile. Ukuphakamisa imali yokunikezelwa kwempahla kungaba ngumngeni kwizikolo, njengoko abaninzi banikeli bafuna ukubona imali yabo basebenzise ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa izipho zenkxaso zijoliswe ukuba zifakwe kwi-pot yokutyalomali olude.
Umzamo wokuxhaswa kwemali: Izipho eziMnandi
Izikolo ezininzi zinikela into eyaziwayo njengeSipho esiMnene, esiyisipho senzuzo okanye inkonzo enokoqobo, kunokuba isinike isikolo imali yokuthenga izinto okanye inkonzo. Umzekelo uza kuba yintsapho enomntwana obandakanyekayo kwiprogram yemidlalo kwisikolo sabucala kwaye bafuna ukunceda isikolo ukuphucula inkqubo yokukhanyisa. Ukuba intsapho iyithenga ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yokukhanyisa kwaye iyinika isikolo, esithathwa njengesipho ngohlobo. Izikolo ezahlukeneyo zingaba nemimiselo malunga noko kubaluleke njengesipho ngesimo, kwaye ukuba kwaye xa baya kwamkela, ngoko qi niqiniseke ukuba ubuze malunga neenkcukacha kwi-Ofisi yoPhuhliso.
Ngokomzekelo, kwelinye isikolo endisebenza kuyo, ukuba sithatha iingcebiso zethu ekudleni sakusasa kwi-campus kwaye sihlawulela esikhwameni sethu, sakwazi ukubala ukuba sisipho ngesisa kwi-fund yonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izikolo endizisebenzisayo azicingi ukuba iminikelo yesikhwama yonyaka.
Usenokumangaliswa oko kubaluleke njengesipho ngesisa, naye. Nangona izinto ezinjengeikhomputha, impahla yezemidlalo, izambatho, izixhobo zesikolo kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa, njengokuba ndatsho ngaphambili ngaphambili ngokumalunga nomsebenzi wezobugcisa, kubonakala kubonakala, abanye banokulindela. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba uyazi ukuba ezikolweni ezineenkqubo ezilinganayo ukuba unako ukunikela ngehashe? Ewe kunene, ihashe inokucingwa njengesipho ngobubele.
Kuhlala kuluvo oluhle ukulungiselela isipho ngobubele kwisikolo kwangaphambili, nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isikolo sinemfuno kwaye sinokukwazi ukufumana isipho ocingayo. Into yokugqibela wena (okanye isikolo) ufuna ukubonisa ngesipho esiyinhloko (njengehoshe!) Ezingenakuzisebenzisa okanye zamkela.
Umzamo wokuxhaswa kwemali: Ukunikezelwa okucwangcisiweyo
UWilliam Whitehurst / i-Getty Images
Izipho ezicwangcisiweyo yindlela indlela izikolo ezisebenza ngayo nabanikeli ukwenza izipho ezinkulu kunokuba imali yabo yonyaka ingenayo. Lindani, yintoni? Njani loo nto isebenza ngayo? Ngokubanzi, ukunikezelwa okucwangcisiweyo kuthathwa njengesipho esibalulekileyo esingenziwa ngelixa umniki-mpilo ephila okanye emva kokugqithisa njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sakhe semali kunye / okanye i-estate planning. Kungabonakala kunzima, kodwa uyazi ukuba iofisi yakho yokuphuhlisa isikolo iya kuba yolonwabo ukukuchazela yona kwaye ikuncede ukhethe okulungileyo kukucwangcise ithuba lokunika ithuba. Izipho ezicwangcisiweyo zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa imali, izibambiso kunye nezitokethi, i-real estate, ubugcisa, izicwangciso zomshuwalense, kunye nekhredithi yomhlala-phantsi. Ezinye izipho ezicwangcisiweyo zize zinikeze umnikeli nomthombo wembuyekezo. Funda kabanzi malunga nokunikezelwa okucwangcisiweyo apha.
Isimo sesipho esicwangcisiweyo esifanelekileyo kukuba xa i-alumnus okanye i-alumna ikhetha ukushiya isahlulo sesakhiwo sayo kwisikolo ngokuthanda. Oku kungaba isipho semali, amasheya, nokuba kwipropati. Ukuba uceba ukwenza i-alma mater yakho ngentando yakho, kuseloko kuluvo olufanelekileyo ukulungelelanisa iinkcukacha kunye neofisi yophuhliso esikolweni. Ngale ndlela, banokukunceda ngamalungiselelo kwaye ulungele ukwamukela isipho sakho kwixesha elizayo. Isikolo samantombazana amancinane aseVirginia, iChatham Hall, saba ngumzuzi wesipho eso. Xa u-Elizabeth u-Elizabeth Beckwith Nilsen, udidi lwe-1931, wafa, washiya isipho esiyizigidi ezingama-31 ezivela kwisakhiwo sakhe kwisikolo. Esi sisona sipho esisona sikhulu kunazo zonke esiye senziwa kwisikolo-sikolo esizimeleyo.
Ngokutsho kukaDkt. Gary Fountain, uMlawuli kunye neNtloko yeSikolo kwiChatham Hall ngelo xesha (isipho saziswe esidlangalaleni ngo-2009), "Isipho sikaNksen uNilsen singuqulelo lweSikolo. abafazi abaxhasa imfundo yabantombazana . "
UNksen uNilsen walela ukuba isipho sakhe sibekwe kwingxowa-mali engapheliyo, oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mingeni malunga nendlela isipho esifanele sisetyenziswe ngayo. Ezinye iimali zenkxaso zithintela; umzekelo, umniki-mali unokuchaza ukuba imali isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa inxalenye enye yemisebenzi yesikolo, njengoncedo lwezezimali, i-athletics, ubugcisa, okanye ubuchule bobuchule.
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