Quercus calliprinos
Quercus calliprinos, the Palestine oak, is an oak classified as part of the "Cerris" section of the genus. It is native to eastern Mediterranean region and southwest Asia, and grows all across the Middle East from northern Algeria to Turkey and further eastwards. In Israel it is called the common oak (, ). It grows in the Mediterranean climate zone, mainly on limestone, in mid-elevations, often dominating the flora, alongside terebinths ("Pistacia terebinthus"). Description. "Quercus calliprinos" is a small to medium-sized tree or large shrub reaching tall (often only 1–3 m tall where heavily browsed by goats) and  1 m in trunk diameter. It is evergreen, with spiny-serrated leaves long and 1.5–3 cm broad. The acorns are 3–4 cm long and 2–3 cm diameter when mature (about 18 months after pollination), held in a cup covered in dense, elongated, reflexed scales. "Quercus calliprinos" is closely related to the Kermes oak ("Q. coccifera") of the western Mediterranean, and is treated as a subspecies or variety of it by some botanists. The Kermes oak is distinguished from it by its smaller size (usually shrubby, not over ) and smaller acorns less than 2 cm diameter.