Cremorne, New South Wales
Cremorne is a suburb on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, located 6 kilometres north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of North Sydney Council. Cremorne Junction is a locality within the suburb. Immediately adjacent to the suburb, to the south, is the small residential suburb of Cremorne Point. Cremorne is situated between Mosman and Neutral Bay. History. Aboriginal culture. Prior to the arrival of the First Fleet, the area in which Cremorne is situated was inhabited by the Cam-mer-ray-gal group of the  Ku-ring-gai Aboriginal nation. The group, which inhabited the north shore of Port Jackson, was one of the largest in the Sydney area. European settlement. Cremorne was named after the Cremorne Gardens in London, a popular pleasure ground in England, which derived its name from the Old Irish words "Crích Mugdornd" (modern Irish: "Críoch Mhúrn"), meaning 'boundary' or 'chieftain' of Mugdornd. Cremorne, the Anglicisation of the Gaelic name "Críoch Mhúrn", roughly meaning the 'Bounds of Mourne', was a barony in County Monaghan from which an Irish peer, The 1st Viscount Cremorne, took his title. Lord Cremorne gave his name  to his London residence in what became the Cremorne Gardens. Other sources claim that rather than referring to a Chieftain, it refers to the territorial area of an ancient tribal group in County Monaghan. The Cremorne Gardens, Sydney, were established on the peninsula leading to Robertson Point in 1856, following the Cremorne Gardens, Melbourne, in 1853, just two of many such developments throughout Australia from the mid-nineteenth to early twentieth century. Although the Gardens closed in 1862, they gave their name both to the suburb at their location at Cremorne Point and to the suburb of Cremorne itself to  the north. Heritage listings. Cremorne has a number of heritage-listed sites on the New South Wales State Heritage Register (SHR) and the North Sydney Local Environmental Plan 2013 (LEP), including: Commercial area. Cremorne is a mainly residential area with its commercial area centred along Military Road, around Cremorne Junction. Cremorne has a supermarket, a high-rise hotel known as Park Regis Concierge Apartments and a number of restaurants and shops. The Cremorne Town Centre includes the Cremorne Hotel. The commercial zone is smaller than neighbouring Neutral Bay. Small companies lease office space in this area. Cremorne features a historic  cinema, the Hayden Orpheum Picture Palace. In an Art Deco style, it features a Wurlitzer pipe-organ that is played at selected film screenings. The cinema was designed by G. N. Kenworthy and constructed in 1935 by Angelo Virgona. Its restoration was undertaken in 1987 by its new owner, television personality Mike Walsh. Demographics. At the 2016 census, there were 11,227 residents in Cremorne. Of these: Schools. A co-educational private school, SCECGS Redlands, has its senior campus in Military Road and its junior and middle campus in Murdoch Street. Housing. Cremorne is predominantly a residential area, with a wide  variety of architectural styles. Federation styles are common. The California Bungalow style is also represented. The most outstanding example is "Belvedere", in Cranbrook Avenue. An example of the larger California style, "Belvedere" was designed by Alexander Stewart Jolly and built in 1919. It has heritage listings at both state and federal levels. Transport. All transport to and from Cremorne is by road or water. Military Road connects Cremorne to Neutral Bay and the Sydney Harbour Bridge to the west, and to Mosman to the east. Transport between Military Road and Sydney CBD is available via Keolis Downer Northern Beaches routes  such as 100, 151, 169, 178, 243, 244, 245, 247 and E69. Other bus routes on Military Road provide regular services to the business districts in North Sydney, Chatswood and the Northern Beaches. The Sydney Ferries Mosman route runs between Cremorne's two wharves, Cremorne Point and Old Cremorne, and Circular Quay.