UThixo Ufile: Inkcazelo Ehlobene NeNietzsche
Ingcaciso yale nkcazelo edumile yegraffiti yefilosofi
"UThixo ufile!" KwisiJamani, Gott ist tot! Eli li binzana elingaphezulu kunoma yiyiphi enye inxulumene neNietzsche . Nangona kunjalo kukho ingqungquthela apha ukuba u-Nietzsche wayengowokuqala ukuza nale binzana. Umbhali waseJamani uHeinrich Heine (owathi uNietzsche wayemthanda) wathi kuqala. Kodwa nguNietzsche owenza umsebenzi wakhe njengengcali yefilosofi ukuphendula ekutshintshiseni kweenkcubeko ukuba inkulumo ethi "uThixo ufile" ichaza.
Ibinzana kuqala libonakala ekuqaleni kweNcwadi yesiThathu yeSayensi yeGay (1882). Kancinane kamva ingcamango ephambili kwi-aphorism eyaziwayo (125) ebizwa ngokuba yi -Madman , eqala:
"Awuzange uyivale loo madman obeka ilitye kwiiyure ezikhanyayo zokusa, wagijima waya kwindawo yemarike, wakhala ngokukhawuleza:" Ndifuna uThixo! Ndifuna uThixo! " - Abaninzi abo babengakholelwa kuThixo babemi ngeenxa zonke ngoko, wavusa kakhulu ukuhleka. Ngaba ulahlekile? wabuza omnye. Ngaba ulahlekelwe yindlela yakhe njengomntwana? wabuza omnye. Okanye uyazifihla? Ngaba uyasethusa? Ngaba uye wahamba? bafuduka? - Ngaloo ndlela bamemeza bahleka.
Umdemani wagijima phakathi kwabo waza wawabetha ngamehlo akhe. "Uphi na uThixo?" wakhala; "Ndiya kukuxelela ukuba siyibulale - wena kunye nathi." Sonke thina ngababulali bakhe, kodwa senze njani le nto? Singawasela njani ulwandle? Ngubani osinike isiponji ukuba sisuse yonke indawo? Yintoni esayenzayo xa singayichasanga le mhlaba ukusuka elangeni layo? Kuphi na ukuhamba ngoku? Siya kuphi na ukuphuma kuyo yonke ilanga? Ngaba asiyi kugxininisa rhoqo? Emuva, ngasemuva, phambili, kuzo zonke iinkalo? okanye ngaphantsi? Ngaba asiyi kuhlahlela, njengokuba kungenanto engapheliyo? Ngaba asiyiva ukuphefumlelwa kwesithuba esingenanto? Ngaba akuyi kuba nzima? Ngaba ubusuku abuvali ukuvala kuthi? Ngaba asiyiva nto yomsindo wabangcwabayo uThixo? Ngaba asiyivayo into ekhoyo njengento yokuqhekeka kukaThixo? UThixo ufile, uThixo ufile.
UMadman Uhamba Uya Kuthetha
"Akuzange kubekho umsebenzi omkhulu; kwaye nabani na ozelwe emva kwethu - ngenxa yale nto uya kuba yimbali ephezulu kunezo zonke iimbali kuze kube ngoku. "Udibanise ngokungaqondakali, uphetha ngokuthi:
"Ndiza kakhulu kusasa ... .Lo mcimbi omkhulu kakhulu usesendleleni, usalugxotha; akukafiki kwiindlebe zabantu. Umbane neendudumo zidinga ixesha; Ukukhanya kweenkwenkwezi kufuna ixesha; Izenzo, nangona kunjalo, zifuna ixesha lokuba libonwe kwaye live. Le ntshukumo isekude ngakumbi kubo kunenkwenkwezi ezininzi ezikude - kodwa zenzele zona ngokwabo . "
Kuthetha ntoni Lonke Oku?
Inqaku lokuqala elicacileyo lokwenza ukuba i-intetho ethi "uThixo ufile" yinto engathandekiyo. UThixo, ngcaciso, unaphakade kwaye unamandla onke. Akayena uhlobo lohlobo olunokufa. Ngoko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba uThixo "ufile"? Le ngcamango isebenza kumanqanaba athile.
Indlela Inkolo Ilahlekelwe Ngayo Indawo Yenkcubeko Yethu
Intsingiselo ebonakalayo kwaye ibalulekileyo yile nto: Kuphuhliso lweNtshona, inkolo ngokubanzi, kunye nobuKrestu, ngokukodwa, kukuhla kwehla. Kulahlekelwa okanye sele sele ilahlekelwe yindawo ephakathi kuyo iphela iminyaka eyiwaka elinesibini. Oku kuyinyaniso kuzo zonke iinkalo: kwezopolitiko, ifilosofi, inzululwazi, uncwadi, ubugcisa, umculo, imfundo, ubomi bemihla ngemihla, kunye nokuphila kwangaphakathi kwabantu.
Omnye unokuphikisa: kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, kusekho izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke, kubandakanywa neWest, abasenokholo olunzulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo akuyiyo inyaniso, kodwa uNietzsche akayiphiki. Ukhokelela kwisimo esiqhubekayo, njengoko ubonisa, uninzi lwabantu alukaqondi ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa umkhonto awunakuphikiswa.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, inkolo yayiyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwiinkcubeko zethu. Umculo omkhulu kakhulu, njengoBas's Mass in B Minor, wayekholelwa ekukhuthazeni.
Imisebenzi emikhulu yoBuvuselelo, njengoLaston da Vinci weSidlo sokugqibela, ngokuqhelekileyo yayithatha imfundiso yonqulo. Izazinzulu ezifana neCopernicus , Descartes kunye neNewton , zazingamadoda enqulo kakhulu. Iingcamango zikaThixo zadlala indima ephambili kwiingcinga zefilosofi njengeAkhamas , Descartes, Berkeley, neLeibniz. Iinkqubo zonke zemfundo zilawulwa yicawa. Ubuninzi babantu babengumKristu, betshatiwe baza bangcwatyelwa yicawa, kwaye beya kwicawa rhoqo ebomini babo.
Akukho nanye kweli nyaniso. Ukuya kweCawa kumazwe amaninzi aseNtshona kunamanani alinganayo. Abaninzi ngoku bakhetha imikhosi yomhlaba ngokuzalwa, umtshato kunye nokufa. Kwaye phakathi kweengqondo-izazinzulu, izazifilosofi, abalobi kunye nabaculi-inkolelo yenkolo idlala akukho nxalenye emsebenzini wabo.
Yintoni Ebangele Ukufa KukaThixo?
Ngoko ke ngowokuqala kunye nengqiqo ebalulekileyo apho uNietzsche acinga ukuba uThixo ufile.
Inkcubeko yethu iya kuba yindima. Isizathu asinzima ukuyiqonda. Inguqu yenzululwazi eyaqala ngekhulu le-16 ngokukhawuleza yanikela indlela yokuqonda imvelo yemvelo eyabonakala ngokugqamile kwimizamo yokuqonda imvelo ngokubhekiselele kwimigaqo yonqulo okanye kwisibhalo. Lo mkhanyo waqokelela ukukhanya kwiXesha le-18 eyayihlanganisa ingcamango yokuba isizathu kunye nobungqina kunokuba isibhalo okanye isithethe sibe sisiseko seenkolelo zethu. Ukudibaniswa ne-intuthuko ekhulwini le-19, amandla okhulayo kwezobuchwepheshe aphakanyiswe yisayensi nawo anike abantu ithuba lokulawula ngaphezulu kwendalo. Ukuvakalelwa ngaphantsi kwenceba yezinto ezinokungaqondakali nazo zadlala indima ekukhutsheni ukholo lwenkolo.
Ukuthetha Okuthethileyo "UThixo Ufile!"
Njengoko i-Nietzsche icacisa kwezinye iinqununu zeSayensi ye -Gay , ibango lakhe lokuba uThixo ufile akusona nje ibango malunga nenkolelo yenkolo. Ngokombono wakhe, ezininzi iindlela zethu zokucinga ziphethe izinto zonqulo esingazi. Ngokomzekelo, kulula kakhulu ukuthetha ngendalo njengoko iqulethe iinjongo. Okanye ukuba sithetha ngendalo yonke injengomshishini omkhulu, lesi siqulatho sineengcinga ezifihlakeleyo ezenziwe ngumshini. Mhlawumbi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo yonke into yinto yethu yokucinga ukuba kukho into enjalo inyaniso enenjongo. Into esithetha ngayo ngolu hlobo lufana nendlela umhlaba oza kuchazwa ngayo "kwimbono yamehlo yesoxo" -iindawo ezibonakalayo ezingekho nje kweembono ezininzi, kodwa yiyona Eyona Yona Ingqiqo.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Nietzsche, lonke ulwazi lufanele luvela kumbono olinganiselwe.
Impembelelo yokufa kukaThixo
Amawaka eminyaka, imbono kaThixo (okanye oothixo) iye yasiqinisa ukucinga kwethu ngehlabathi. Kuye kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo njengesiseko sokuziphatha. Imigaqo yokuziphatha esiyilandelayo (Musa ukubulala, musa ukuba.nceda abanesidingo njl.) Babe negunya lenkolo emva kwabo. Kwaye inkolo inika isisiseko sokuthobela le mithetho kuba isitshilo ukuba ubuhle buya kuvuzwa kwaye ihlazo lihlawulwe. Kwenzeka ntoni xa lo mbhoxo ususwe?
U-Nietzsche ubonakala ecinga ukuba impendulo yokuqala iya kuba yintloni kunye nexhala. Iphela le candelo leMadman elikhankanywe ngasentla lizele imibuzo eyoyikisayo. Inzala ibe yintlanzi ibonakala inokwenzeka. Kodwa uNietzsche ubona ukufa kukaThixo njengobungozi obukhulu kunye nethuba elihle. Isinika ithuba lokukwakha "ithafile yezinto ezixabisekileyo," enye iya kubonisa uthando olutsha oluluncedo lweli hlabathi kunye nobomi. Esinye sezichasiso eziyinqobo ku-Nietzsche zobuKristu kukuba ekucingeni lo bomi nje ukulungiselela nje emva kokufa, kubaluleke kakhulu ubomi. Ngaloo ndlela, emva kokuxhalabisa okukhulu kwiNcwadi ye-III, iNcwadi IV yeSayensi yeGay yintetho ezukileyo yombono oqinisekisa.
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