Episcopal Diocese of West Tennessee
The Episcopal Diocese of West Tennessee is the diocese of the Episcopal Church that geographically coincides with the political region known as the Grand Division of West Tennessee. The geographic range of the Diocese of West Tennessee was originally part of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee, which was partitioned into three separate dioceses during 1982–1985. Phoebe A. Roaf is the current bishop of West Tennessee. It is headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee on the close of St. Mary's Cathedral. History and development. Despite being located in the extreme southwestern corner of Tennessee, Memphis served as  the see city for most of the history of the old statewide diocese prior to the first territorial separation in 1983. The oldest Episcopal congregation in the present West Tennessee diocese is Immanuel Church in La Grange (Fayette County) which, like many 19th century churches in that part of the state, primarily served plantations, both owners and slaves. After the American Civil War, missionary emphasis in West Tennessee shifted to the city of Memphis, although the church gradually began appearing in larger towns outside the Mississippi River region as well. After World War II, three large parishes, Calvary Church, St.  Mary's Cathedral (founded in 1858 and a cathedral since 1871), and Grace-St. Luke's Church, began planting missions throughout the Memphis area. The success of these congregations, along with growth elsewhere in the state, prompted then-diocesan bishop John Vander Horst to establish additional offices in Nashville and Knoxville to more effectively serve the other two grand divisions of the state. Vander Horst took up residence and opened an office in Nashville (while maintaining his "cathedra" in Memphis), while his bishop coadjutor, William E. Sanders, had his office in Knoxville. A suffragan bishop, W. Fred Gates, Jr., worked  out of Memphis from 1966 to 1982; he was elected and consecrated partly for that purpose. It was not until Vander Horst retired in 1977 that talks began to separate the statewide diocese into three territories. Upon the General Convention giving consent to plans at its 1982 meeting, the statewide diocese excised its westernmost counties first, with the new West Tennessee diocese beginning operations on January 1, 1983. Two years later, the easternmost counties of the remaining Tennessee diocesan territory became the Episcopal Diocese of East Tennessee. Alex Dickson, the first bishop of the diocese, was closely aligned with "orthodox  forces within Anglicanism opposed to the trends away from teaching Jesus Christ as the one source of salvation and the normative authority of scripture." (In 2000, then-retired Bishop Dickson, still living as of 2020, was involved in the consecration of the first two bishop of the Anglican Mission in the Americas.) During the controversies that racked the denomination nationally in the early 2000s (after Dickson's retirement) over the consecration of a non-celibate gay man, Gene Robinson, to the episcopacy, some clergy and laypeople in the diocese, mostly in suburban Memphis, departed their parishes in favor of continuing  Anglican groups. Not a large number did so, however, and the diocese has not been as involved as some other conservative Southern dioceses have in the Anglican realignment movement; an example was the continuing Diocese of Tennessee in the middle part of the state. The diocesan motto, "Ubique Inter Flumina", means "everywhere between the rivers", referring to the Tennessee and Mississippi rivers, which bracket West Tennessee on two sides. This echoes the original motto of the old state-wide Diocese, which was "Usque ad Flumen," meaning "even unto the river," referring to the Mississippi River. Most communicants of this diocese  reside in either the city of Memphis or its surrounding suburbs in Shelby County. Elsewhere, only about half or so of the region's counties have congregations, most of which were founded before 1945.