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Land Claims Grondeise
Five types of unconventional rights to land has been introduced into South Africa since 1994:
a) Restitution of Land Rights
b) Labour Tenants
c) Security of Housing
e) Land Reform
Vyf tipes van onkonvensionele grondregte is sedert 1994 van toepassing in Suid-Afrika:
a) Herstel van Grondregte
c) Sekerheid van Verblyf
Only farmland expropriated under racially discriminarory legislation after 1913 can be subject to a restitution claim. If the person expropriated then received proper compensation, no valid claim can be lodged. The cut-off date for registering a claim was 31 December 1998. The heir of a deceaced person who lost such land may also claim. If a claimant dies before his / her claim has been finalised his claim is "inherited" by a heir or executor in his / her estate. The Land Claims Register is not complete yet. Highly unconventional is that the Land Claims Court accepts hearsay evidence (by both claimant & defendant). However, if a farmer properly investigate the history of his farm, including the the history of the farm's title deed, chancers may well be exposed. If your farm is subject to a land claim you have to inform the the Land Claims Commissioner 1 month in advance before selling, letting, making improvements or structural changes etch.
Compensation (to the farmer) is in principle the market value of the property but with some exceptions: improvements are taken into account but not luxuries like huge houses, tennis courts, swimming pools etch. The the advantage derived from "soft loans" & subsidies to buy & improve the farm is deducted from the market value. Farmers feel this is discriminating against them because other industries & individuals (like students) also received subsidies & "soft" loans.
Herstel van Grondregte
Alleen landbougrond onteien sedert 1913 in terme van rassewetgewing is onderhewig aan 'n grondeis. Indien die grondeienaar egter destyds behoorlik vergoed is kan hy nie nou 'n grondeis instel nie. Die sperdatum vir indiening van 'n grondeis was 31 Desember 1998. Die erfgenaam van 'n oorledene wat kon eis mag ook die grondeis uitoefen. Indien 'n eiser te sterwe kom voor die eis afgehandel is "erf" sy / haar erfgename die eis. Die Register van Grondeise is nog nie volledig nie. Hoogs buitengewoon is dat hoorsêgetuienis (deur beide eiser & verweerder) aanvaarbaar is in die Grondeisehof. Indien 'n boer sy navorsing behoorlik doen, insluitend die geskiedenis van die titelakte, behoort kansvatters maklik uitgevang te word. Indien u plaas aan 'n grondeis onderhewig is moet u die Grondeisekommissaris 1 maand kennis gee van voornemende verkoop, verhuur, verbetering, strukturele verandering ens.
Vergoeding (aan die boer) is in beginsel die markwaarde van die plaas met die volgende uitsonderings: verbeterings word in ag geneem maar nie luukses nie bv buitengewone groot huise, tennisbane, swembaddens ens. Die voordeel verkry uit "sagte" lenings & subsidies word ook afgetrek van die markwaarde. Boere voel dis diskriminerend aangesien ander instansies & individue (bv studente) ook deur die staat gesubsideer is.
The cut-off date for registering labour tenant's claims was 31 March 2001. A Labour Tenant is a person who renders (labour) services to a farmer in exchange for the right to farm a portion of the farm for his own benefit. The value of this right must be worth more than any monetary compensation paid for the services. The claimant must've been living on the farm on 2 June 1995 and must've been living there at least since 1990. His parents must also have been labour tenants (anywhere) in South Africa.
Die sperdatum vir registrasie van eise van huurarbeiders was 31 Maart 2001. 'n Huurarbeider is 'n persoon wat aan 'n boer arbeid verskaf in ruil vir die reg om 'n deel van die plaas te bewerk vir sy eie voordeel. Die waarde van hierdie reg moet hoër wees as enige kontantlone betaal vir die arbeid. Die eiser moes op die plaas gewoon het op 2 Junie 1995 en moes daar gewoon het ten minste sedert 1990. Sy ouers moes ook huurarbeiders gewees het (enige plek) in Suid-Afrika.
Security of Housing
If a person has been living on a farm for longer than 10 years + he's older than 60 òr became disabled he cannot arbitrarily be expelled from the farm. The farmer is not obliged to employ him & has no obligation towards him but may not summerally expell him from his house. Clash of interests is obvious especially if the farmer needs the house for somebody else like a (new) worker but the tenant's security of housing gets preference. Sekerheid van Verblyf
Indien 'n persoon langer as 10 jaar op 'n plaas gewoon het + hy is ouer as 60 jaar òf het ongeskik geraak vir diens kan sy verblyf op die plaas nie summier beeïndig word nie. Die boer hoef hom nie in diens te hê nie en het geen verpligting teenoor hom nie maar mag hom nie summier uit sy huis gooi nie. Botsing van belange kan plaasvind waar die boer die huis vir iemand anders benodig bv 'n ander werker maar die inwoner se sekerheid van verblyf geniet voorkeur.
If a farmer in the past allowed workers to bury their families on the farm he connot now forbid them to do it again. The Agricultural Union is testing this law in the Constitutional Court. Begrafnisse
Indien 'n boer in die verlede begrafnisse van werkers op sy plaas toegelaat het kan hy dit nie nou verbied nie. Die Landbou Unie toets nou hierdie wet in die Grondwethof.
The government buys farms in the open market for settlement of black farmers. Grondhervorming
Die regering koop plase in die opemark vir vestiging van swart boere.
Acknowledgement: the opinions above under "Restitution of Land Rights" & "Labour Tenants" has been derived from an article in Farmer's Weekly of 29 June 2001 p 26 by Julia Kupka although I condenced the article & made minor changes.
Erkenning: die gedeeltes oor "Herstel van Grondregte" & "Huurarbeiders" het ek grootliks geneem uit 'n artikel in Farmer's Weekly van 29 Junie 2001 bl 26 deur Julia Kupka alhoewel ek dit verkort het & klein veranderinkies aangebring het.
Land Grab (Expropriation Without Compensation)
2018-08-13: The EFF (6% in parliament but determining the national agenda) wants to nationalize all land in South Africa communist-style and divide it amongst new owners. The ANC (ruling party but extremely scared of the EFF) wants to steal only certain specific farms and hand it out to beneficiaries, in addition to existing land reform projects. The youngest development is that the Constitution doesn't have to be changed to allow Land Grab in certain specific situations after a long administrative process and approved by the courts. A list of 139 farms was published by Afriforum which, they say, is the list of farms targeted by the government. The government disputes the validity of the list. We publish the list here for what it's worth.
Land Grab List Grondroof (Onteiening Sonder Vergoeding)
2018-08-13: Die EFF (6% in parlement maar bepaal die nasionale agenda) wil alle plase Kommunisties nasionaliseer en uitdeel aan nuwe eienaars. Die ANC (regerende party maar doodbang vir die EFF) wil net enkele spesifieke plase steel en hertoeken, bykomens tot bestaande grondhervormingsprojekte. Die jongste hieroor is dat die Grondwet nie hoef te verander nie en dat Grondroof wel moontlik is in sekere uitsonderlike omstandighede na 'n lang administratiewe proses en goedkeuring deur die howe. 'n Lys met 139 plase is deur Afriforum gepubliseer wat hulle beweer die eerste plase is wat die regering beoog om te steel maar die regering betwis die geldigheid van die lys. Ons publiseer Afriforum se lys vir wat dit werd is.
Which farms have land claims?
Watter plase het grondeise?
How to contact the Land Claims Commissioner to establish if a farm has a land claim - if your Afrikaans is not good enough to understand (on the right) please phone or mail me and I'll do the translation quickly. Indien u wil weet of daar 'n grondeis oor 'n eiendom is, doen navraag per faks aan die relevante grondeise-kommissaris vir die streek waar die plaas is. In die faks moet u sê: 1) Wie u is ingesluit u kontakdetail en spesifiek moet daar 'n faksnommer wees; 2) Volledige beskrywing van die plaas soos op die titelakte; 3) Vra dan of daar 'n grondeis oor die eiendom geregistreer is en verduidelik waarom u toegang mag kry tot die inligting (byvoorbeeld u is die eienaar of u wil die plaas koop of wat ookal). As daar nie 'n faksnommer op die webwerf is nie, bel en vra. Herversend die faks na 'n week. Na twee weke, stuur die faks elke dag tot hulle reageer. Let wel: Hulle reageer nie op vonkpos nie. PS: Ek het onlangs gevind dat hulle wel op vonkpos reageer!
Vir die kontakbesonderhede van die onderskeie Grondeisekommissarisse se kantore, gaan na http://www.ruraldevelopment.gov.za , meer spesifiek http://www.ruraldevelopment.gov.za/about-us/commission-on-restitution-of-land-rights?id=770:contact-us=339:land-claim ("About us" > "Commission on Restitution of Land Rights" > "Contact Us"). Onthou: die kommissarisse se gebiede stem nie 100% ooreen met die grense van die provinsies nie. Byvoorbeeld, 'n plaas in Limpopo Provinsie naby die grens met Noordwes Provinsie kan dalk onder Noordwes se kommissaris val - jy moet maar bel en uitvind.
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