Bourg-en-Bresse
Bourg-en-Bresse (; ) is the prefecture of the Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Located northeast of Lyon, it is the capital of the ancient province of Bresse (). In 2018, the commune had a population of 41,248. Geography. Bourg-en-Bresse is located at the western base of the Jura Mountains, on the left bank of the Reyssouze, a tributary of the Saône. It lies northeast of Lyon and south-southwest of Lons-le-Saunier. History. Roman remains have been discovered at Bourg, but little is known of its early history. It  was probably pillaged by Goths in Late Antiquity. Raised to the rank of a free town in 1250, it was at the beginning of the 15th century the capital of the dukes of Savoy in the province of Bresse. In February 1535 it was conquered by France during a full-scale invasion of Savoy, but was restored to Duke Philibert Emmanuel in 1559, when he married Henri II's sister Marguerite. The duke later built a strong citadel, which afterwards withstood a six-months' siege by the soldiers of Henry IV during the Franco-Savoyard War of 1600–1601. The town  was finally ceded to France in 1601. In 1814, the inhabitants, in spite of the defenseless condition of their town, offered resistance to the Austrians, who put the place to pillage. Politics. Since 2008, Jean-François Debat of the Socialist Party (PS) has been Mayor of Bourg-en-Bresse. He was reelected following the 2020 municipal election. In the four last presidential elections, Bourg-en-Bresse voted as following: Sights. Bourg-en-Bresse Cathedral, also known as the church of Notre-Dame ("Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Annonciation de Bourg-en-Bresse"), which dates back to the 16th century, has a  façade built in the Renaissance; other parts of the church are Gothic. In the interior there are stalls of the 16th century. The other public buildings, including a handsome prefecture, are modern. The town hall contains a library and the Lorin Museum with a collection of pictures, while another museum has a collection of old costumes and ornaments characteristic of Bresse. Among the statues in the town there is one of historian Edgar Quinet, a native of Bourg-en-Bresse. The Royal Monastery of Brou, named after the suburb settlement of Bourg-en-Bresse in which it lies, is of  great artistic interest. Margaret of Bourbon, wife of Philip II of Savoy, had intended to found a monastery on the spot, but died before her intention could be carried into effect. The church was actually built early in the 16th century by her daughter-in-law Margaret of Austria, wife of Philibert le Beau of Savoy, in memory of her husband. The exterior, especially the "façade", is richly ornamented, but the chief interest lies in the works of art in the interior, which date from 1532. The most important are the three mausoleums with the marble effigies of Marguerite of  Bourbon, Philibert le Beau and Margaret of Austria. All three are remarkable for perfection of sculpture and richness of ornamentation. The rood loft, the oak stalls and the reredos in the chapel of the Virgin are masterpieces in a similar style. The monastery has three cloisters from the early 16th century. The church and the cloisters are listed monuments. Economy. In the early 20th century, the city manufactured iron goods, mineral waters, tallow, soap and earthenware. There were flour mills and breweries; there is considerable trade in grain, cattle and poultry. Transport. Bourg-en-Bresse station offers rail connections to  Paris, Strasbourg, Lyon and Geneva by high-speed rail, as well as several regional destinations with TER Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes services. The A39 motorway connects Bourg with Dole and Dijon, the A40 with Mâcon and Geneva. Sport. Football Bourg-en-Bresse Péronnas 01 is based in the town. On 3 May 1953 a motorcycle racing meeting was held on a circuit going past the Residence Emile Pélicand and the Jardin d'Enfants Emile Pélicand. Miscellaneous. Bourg is the prefecture of the department and the location of a court of assizes; it has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal and a  chamber of commerce, as well as a local branch of the Bank of France. Bourg-en-Bresse was the finish of Stage 6 and the departure of Stage 7 in the 2007 Tour de France. Personalities. Bourg-en-Bresse is the birthplace of: Twin towns – sister cities. Bourg-en-Bresse is twinned with: