Pytine
Pytine is an extinct genus of asaphid trilobites. Species lived during the later part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, approximately 478 to 471 million years ago. Various species are found in the Svalbard, Valhallfonna Formation, Olenidsletta, Member, of Spitzbergen, Norway, the "Megistaspis (Paramegistaspis) planilimbata" Zone of the <nowiki>'</nowiki>"Shumardia" Shale<nowiki>'</nowiki> of Sweden, Jujuy Province, Argentina, early Arenig-aged strata of Jiangxi province, China, and Darriwilian-aged strata in Western Hunan province, China. The type species, "P. graia", has seven thorax segments, and lacks the rapier-like glabellar spine, that occurs in many other  raphiophorids. The Chinese species, by contrast, have only six thoracic segments. So far, only the type species, and one of the Chinese species, "P. laevigata" (synonym= "Jiuxiella laevigata"), are known from complete specimens. Species and synonymy. Richard Fortey erected the genus in 1975 upon describing "P. graia" from Spitzbergen. In 1999, Hoel subjectively synonymized a Swedish species of "Ampyx", "A. brevicauda", into "Pytine". The Chinese raphiophorid genera "Jiuxiella" and "Miboshania" were noted to be anatomically similar to "P. graia", and were merged into "Pytine", as well. In 2006, N. E. Vaccari described "P. wirayasqa" from several fragments from the early  Arenig-aged Acoite Formation, of La Ciénaga, Jujuy province, Argentina, together with specimens of another related raphiophorid genus, "Lehnertia". Etymology. "Pytine" is derived from an Ancient Greek word for a wineflask with wattles, referring to the shape and wrinkled texture of the glabellum.