Kororoit Creek
The Kororoit Creek is a watercourse of the Port Phillip catchment, rising in the outer north western suburbs of Melbourne, in the Australian state of Victoria. Location and features. The Kororoit Creek rises below Mount Kororoit, northeast of in the north western outer suburbs of Melbourne. The creek's headwaters are north of at approximately above sea level in ordovician geology. The creek flows generally south by east and passes over the volcanic lava plain of western Melbourne to its mouth at sea level, north of and emptying into Altona Bay within Port Phillip. The creek is joined  by one minor tributary as it descends approximately over its course. At the outlet in Altona Bay, the creek winds its way through the Altona Coastal Park and then the Jawbone Marine Sanctuary Park, where it enters Port Phillip. From east of Sunbury, the Kororoit Creek makes its way down through many suburbs towards its mouth, including the towns and suburbs of Rockbank, Caroline Springs, , , , , Cairnlea, , , , and Altona North. The creek is traversed by the Melton Highway, east of Melton; the Western Highway and the Western Ring Road, at Ardeer; and the West Gate Freeway and Federation Trail at Brooklyn . The Kororoit Creek Trail runs along the banks in the lower reaches of the creek. History. The traditional custodians of the land surrounding the creek are the Wurundjeri people who had hunted, fished and camped along the creek for thousands of years. Aboriginal occupation is evident in the form of many scattered artefacts along the creek. Scar trees, where canoes were carved from the bark of the red gums, are dotted along the creek. European explorers, James Flemming and Charles Grimes identified the Kororoit Creek in 1803, along with the Maribyrnong River and Yarra River. The Brooklyn Bluestone Bridge was  built over the Kororoit Creek at in the 1870s. The bridge was built using bluestone from the local area and still stands. The bridge was one of the first crossings built for gold diggers heading to the gold fields of Ballarat. Etymology. "Kororoit" is an Aboriginal word of the Woiwurrung language that has been used to describe the "creek on (the) western plain"; with an alternate theory that claims the word to mean a "male kangaroo". Fauna. The creek is home to significant animal species such as the growling grass frog and the striped legless lizard, as well as migratory  birds. Remnant native vegetation also survives in some places, including red river gum and white mangroves. Small parks are located on the east and west borders along the creek. Native reptiles, including tiger snake, eastern blue-tongued lizard, common snakeneck turtle and eastern brown snake were often seen along the creek. Unfortunately due to overdevelopment these species are now rarely seen in some areas. Reptiles found along the creek help to maintain the balance of the populations of small mammals such as water rats and mice that thrive along the banks of the creek. Native species of frogs have taken  advantage and reclaimed residences in the new (man-made) wetlands and lakes. The eastern banjo frog, common eastern froglet and even the now endangered growling grass frog have been seen and heard in the new wetlands and around Kororoit Creek, particularly in Cairnlea. Aquatic species found in the creek include the common galaxias, short-finned eel, Australian smelt, tupong, common carp, eastern bluespot goby, and flathead gudgeon. Bird species found adjacent to the creek include the Australasian darter, little pied cormorant, brown falcon, peregrine falcon, square-tailed kite, dusky moorhen, royal spoonbill, black swan, Pacific black duck, mallard, Australian wood  duck, galah, rainbow lorikeet, white-faced heron, Australian white ibis, and wattlebird. Both the river blackfish and the platypus are native species that are now believed to be extinct along creek's course. Common introduced species that can be found adjacent to the creek include the red fox and the European rabbit.