The Two Foscari (Byron)
The Two Foscari: An Historical Tragedy (1821) is a verse play in five acts by Lord Byron. The plot, set in Venice in the mid-15th century, is loosely based on the true story of the downfall of doge Francesco Foscari and his son Jacopo. Byron's play formed the basis of Verdi's opera "I due Foscari". Synopsis. Jacopo Foscari, son of the Doge of Venice, has twice been exiled, once for corruption and once for complicity in the murder of Donato, a member of the Council of Ten. He has been recalled from his second  exile to answer the capital charge of treason, and as the play opens he is between sessions of interrogation on the rack. The Council decide to sentence him to a third exile, this time perpetual, rather than to death. His father, doge Francesco Foscari, signs the sentence of exile, though his spirit is broken by this new disgrace. Jacopo's patriotic spirit cannot brook such a sentence, he longs to die, and he duly does die of a broken heart. The Council of Ten orders the doge to abdicate, and, as the bells begin to toll to signify the  election of a new doge, the old one falls and dies. Composition and publication. Byron wrote "The Two Foscari" in Ravenna in less than a month, between 12 June and 9 July 1821. It was published by John Murray on 19 December 1821 in the same volume as his "Sardanapalus" and "Cain". Byron originally intended to dedicate "The Two Foscari" to his friend Sir Walter Scott, but in the event he transferred that dedication to "Cain" and left "Foscari" without one. He added an appendix to "The Two Foscari" in which he launched a stinging attack on what he considered  the hypocrisies of the Poet Laureate, Robert Southey. Southey responded in a letter to a London newspaper in which he dared Byron to attack him again. Byron initially wanted to challenge Southey to a duel, but then turned instead to poetry and wrote his stinging satire "The Vision of Judgment". Section::::"The Two Foscari" in other media. Verdi's opera "I due Foscari", with a libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, was based on Byron's play. It also inspired two paintings, "Les deux Foscari" by Delacroix, and "L'ultimo abboccamento di Jacopo Foscari con la propria famiglia prima di partire per l'esilio  cui era stato condannato" by Francesco Hayez.