Kayaç türü listesi

Aşağıda, jeologlar tarafından tanımlanmış kayaç türlerinin bir listesi bulunmaktadır. Kararlaştırılan sayıda belli kayaç türleri yoktur. Kimyasal bileşim, mineraloji, tane boyutu, doku veya diğer ayırt edici özelliklerin herhangi bir benzersiz kombinasyonu, yeni bir kayaç türüne işaret edebilir. Ek olarak, her ana kayaç türü için farklı sınıflandırma sistemleri bulunur. Magmatik kayaç, metamorfik kayaç ve tortul kayaç olmak üzere üç ana kayaç türü vardır.
Magmatik kayaçlar






Aā Basaltic lava with a crumpled appearance
Basaltic lava with a flowing, often ropy appearance





























An ultramafic, ultrapotassic intrusive rock dominated by mafic phenocrysts in a feldspar groundmass
A silica-undersaturated form of andesite
An ultramafic rock, essentially a peridotite
A silica-undersaturated granite with <5% normative quartz
a plutonic rock with <5% normative quartz
A silica-undersaturated plutonic rock of nepheline and alkali feldspar
A silica-undersaturated plutonic rock with >90% nepheline
A hypersthene-bearing gabbro



A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially similar to nepheline syenite
A volcanic rock with a composition between phonolite and tephrite
An olivine-bearing basalt


- a coarse grained plutonic rock composed of >90% pyroxene
A diorite with >5% modal quartz
An intermediate plutonic rock, essentially a monzonite with 510% modal quartz
An intrusive rock composed mostly of quartz
A felsic volcanic rock which is intermediate between a rhyolite and a dacite




a plutonic rock
A coarse-grained carbonatite rock
A plutonic rock dominated by orthoclase feldspar; a type of granitoid
Essentially a basaltic glass
A volcanic rock with a composition between phonotephrite and phonolite
A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock
A plagioclase-dominant granitoid
An alkaline intermediate volcanic rock
- sodic trachyandesite
A volcanic rock with a composition between basalt and trachyte
a sodic type of trachybasalt, typically formed by ocean island (hot spot) volcanism
A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially a feldspathoid-bearing rhyolite
A plutonic ultramafic rock containing olivine, pyroxene and plagioclase
A form of tonalite where plagioclase-group feldspar is oligoclase

A type of pyroxenite, composed of clinoproxene and orthopyroxene
- An ultramafic plutonic or cumulate rock, a type of peridotite, composed of olivine and clinopyroxene
Tortul kayaçlar




























A non-detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of phosphate minerals
Metamorfik kayaçlar



A rock formed by faulting



A mafic metamorphic rock dominated by green amphiboles

A type of hornfels found in the Scottish Highlands
Nepheline syenite gneiss
a metamorphosed limestone

A metamorphic rock formed by shearing
A metamorphic rock with a protolith of clay-rich (siltstone) sedimentary rock
Metapsammite A metamorphic rock with a protolith of quartz-rich (sandstone) sedimentary rock
A low grade metamorphic rock composed mostly of micaceous minerals
A glass formed by melting within a fault via friction
A metamorphosed sandstone typically composed of >95% quartz



- A low grade metamorphic rock formed from shale or silts
A rock formed by partial melting during a meteorite impact
A metamorphosed ultramafic rock with talc as an essential constituent; similar to a serpentinite
Essentially a talc schist
A rock whose fabric reflects the history of its deformation
A high pressure metamorphic rock containing talc and kyanite
Özel kayaç çeşitleri
A variety of quartz monzonite
A group of varieties of lamprophyre, mostly rich in hornblende

A variety of nepheline syenite from Loch Borralan, Scotland









A hematite-silica metasomatite analogous to a skarn
- A variety of phonolite, first found on Mount Kenya
- A rock composed of lazurite and other minerals

A metamorphosed nepheline syenite occurrence near Litchfield, Maine
A hypabyssal rhyolite with microcline and blue quartz phenocrysts from the Llano Uplift in Texas


Minette A variety of lamprophyre
A type of chert found in Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas

A chemical analogue considered to theoretically represent the earth's upper mantle

A type of latite with euhedral rhombic phenocrysts of feldspar
A mafic rock metasomatized by serpentinization fluids
melitilic and kalsititic rocks


A silica undersaturated, analcime bearing gabbro
A nepheline gabbro
An altered granite

A variety of lamprophyre
A rock rich in manganese oxide or manganese hydroxide