Tarzan

Tarzan Edgar Rice Burroughs tarafından yaratılmış bir öykü karakteridir. İlk olarak 1912'de Maymunların Tarzanı adlı romanla ortaya çıkmış ve daha sonra 23 devamı daha yazılmıştır. Tarzan gemideki isyancılar tarafından Afrika sahillerinde ıssız bir bölgeye bırakılmış İngiliz bir Lord ve Lady'nin oğullarıdır. O henüz bebek iken anne ve babası ölmüş ve onu bilimsel olarak tanımlanmamış bir maymun türünün üyeleri yetiştirmiştir. Kala onun maymun annesidir. Tarzan (beyaz adam) onun maymun alemi ismidir; İngilizce ismi ise Clayton, Lord Greystoke'dur. Genç bir adam olduğunda, Jane ile tanışır, ve Jane Baltimore'ye döndüğünde gerçek aşkını bulmak için ormanı terkeder. Tarzan ve Jane evlenirler, ve bir süre İngilterede yaşarlar. Bir oğulları, Jack, olur ve bir maymun ismi olan Korak adını alır. Tarzan uygarlığın ikiyüzlülüğü karşısında dayanamaz ve Jane'le birlikte Afrikaya dönerler ve orada ölümsüzlüğe erişerek halen yaşarlar.
Edebiyat
Tarzan dünyadaki en çok bilinen edebi karakterlerden birisidir. Burrough'a ait iki düzineden fazla kitap haricinde Tarzan karakteri filmler, radyo, televizyon programları, çizgi diziler, ve çizgi romanlarda boy gösterdi. Birçok parodiye konu oldu ve de korsan yayınları da görüldü.
Bilimkurgu yazarı Philip José Farmer Tarzan Alive!'''ı yazmış ve bu eserde onun gerçek bir kişi olduğunu kısa öykülerle onun biyografisi şeklinde anlatmıştır. Tarzan of the Apes'in telif hakları birleşik devletlerde sona ermiş ve kamu malı olmuş olsa da, TARZAN adı halen Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc.'in bir markası olarak hakları saklıdır.
Aldığı eleştiriler Tarzan of the Apes başarılı eleştiriler almış olsa da, serinin bazı kitapları olumsuz eleştiriler de almıştır. Eleştirilerin ana noktası bunların türemiş olması ve basmakalıp ifadelerden oluşmasıdır.
Eleştirilere rağmen, Tarzan hikayeleri çok popüler olmuştur. Hayranları anlatılan melodramatik durumlardan ve özellikle maymunlara konuşmak için ortaya koyduğu dil'den çok etkilenmişlerdir.
1970'lerin başlarından itibaren, Tarzan kitap ve filmleri ırkçılıkla da suçlanmaya başladı. Bu durum siyah ve afrikalıların daha kaba ve gelişmemiş olarak tanıtılması sonucu ortaya çıkmıştı. Pozitif siyah karakterler olsa da genellikle beyaz adamın hizmetçisi olarak gösteriliyorlardı.
Tarzan karakteri
Film
Sessiz film
Televizyon
Anime ve manga
Comics
Biyografi
by Edgar Rice Burroughs
Tarzan of the Apes (1912) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
The Return of Tarzan (1913) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
The Beasts of Tarzan (1914) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
The Son of Tarzan (1914) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar (1916) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
Jungle Tales of Tarzan (1916, 1917) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
Tarzan the Untamed (1919, 1921) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
Tarzan the Terrible (1921) (Project Gutenberg Entry:)
Tarzan and the Golden Lion (1922, 1923)
Tarzan and the Ant Men (1924)
Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle (1927, 1928)
Tarzan and the Lost Empire (1928)
Tarzan at the Earth's Core (1929)
Tarzan the Invincible (1930, 1931)
Tarzan Triumphant (1931)
Tarzan and the City of Gold (1932)
Tarzan and the Lion Man (1933, 1934)
Tarzan and the Leopard Men (1935)
Tarzan's Quest (1935, 1936)
Tarzan and the Forbidden City (1938)
Tarzan the Magnificent (1936, 1937)
Tarzan and the Foreign Legion (1947)
Tarzan and the Madman (1964)
Tarzan and the Castaways (1940, 1941, 1965)
with Joe R. Lansdale
Tarzan: the Lost Adventure (1995)
for younger readers
Tarzan and the Tarzan Twins (1927, 1936, 1963)
Öbür yapıtları
Barton Werper
Tarzan and the Silver Globe (1964)
Tarzan and the Cave City (1964)
Tarzan and the Snake People (1964)
Tarzan and the Abominable Snowmen (1965)
Tarzan and the Winged Invaders (1965)
note: the Werper novels were never authorized by ERB, Inc.; they were taken off the market and remaining copies destroyed.
Fritz Leiber
Tarzan and the Valley of Gold (1966)
Philip José Farmer
A character based on Tarzan (Lord Grandrith) appears in the Nine trilogy:
A Feast Unknown (circa 1966)
Lord of the Trees (circa 1966)
The Mad Goblin Tarzan Alive (1972)--A fictional biography of Tarzan (here Lord Greystoke), which is one of the two foundational books (along with Doc Savage: His Apocalyptic Life) of the Wold Newton family.
The Adventure of the Peerless Peer (1974)
Time's Last Gift (1985)
The Dark Heart of Time (1999)
Hadon of Ancient Opar (1974)
Flight to Opar (1976)
Note: A secondary character of these novels is not referred to as "Tarzan", but was intended to be Tarzan by Farmer, and is included as such by most Wold Newton family scholars.
Farmer also wrote a novel based on his own fascination with Tarzan, entitled Lord Tyger, and translated the novel Tarzan of the Apes into Esperanto.
R. A. Salvatore
Tarzan: the Epic Adventures (1996)
Nigel Cox
Tarzan Presley (2004). This novel combines aspects of Tarzan and Elvis Presley into a single character named Ted Nugent, within Yeni Zelanda ve American settings. Upon its release, it was subject to legal action in the Birleşik Devletler, and has not been reprinted since its initial publication.
Film hayatı
Silents
Tarzan of the Apes (1918) (Elmo Lincoln) based on the first part of the novel Tarzan of the Apes The Romance of Tarzan (1918) (Elmo Lincoln) based on the second part of the novel Tarzan of the Apes The Revenge of Tarzan (1920) (Gene Pollar) based on the first part of the novel The Return of Tarzan Son of Tarzan (1920) (P. Demsey Tabler) serial based on the novel The Son of Tarzan The Adventures of Tarzan (1921) (Elmo Lincoln) based on the second part of the novel The Return of Tarzan Tarzan and the Golden Lion (1927) (James Pierce) based on the novel Tarzan and the Golden Lion Tarzan the Mighty (1928) (Frank Merrill) an original story; the working title was Jungle Tales of Tarzan but it is not based on the Burroughs novel of that name
Tarzan the Tiger (1929) (Frank Merrill) based on the novel Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar; filmed as a silent but partially dubbed to become the first Tarzan sound film
Franchise films
With Johnny Weissmuller
Tarzan the Ape Man (1932)
Tarzan and His Mate (1934)
Tarzan Escapes (1936)
Tarzan Finds a Son! (1939)
Tarzan's Secret Treasure (1941)
Tarzan's New York Adventure (1942)
Tarzan Triumphs (1943)
Tarzans Desert Mystery (1943)
Tarzan and the Amazons (1945)
Tarzan and the Leopard Woman (1946)
Tarzan and the Huntress (1947)
Tarzan and the Mermaids (1948)
With Lex Barker
Tarzan's Magic Fountain (1949)
Tarzan and the Slave Girl (1950)
Tarzan's Peril (1951)
Tarzan's Savage Fury (1952)
Tarzan and the She-Devil (1953)
With Gordon Scott
Tarzan's Hidden Jungle (1955)
Tarzan and the Lost Safari (1957)
Tarzan and the Trappers (1958)
Tarzan's Fight for Life (1958)
Tarzan's Greatest Adventure (1959)
Tarzan the Magnificent (1960) not based on the Burroughs novel of that title
With other actors
Tarzan Goes to India (1962) (Jock Mahoney)
Tarzan's Three Challenges (1963) (Jock Mahoney)
Tarzan and the Valley of Gold (1966) (Mike Henry) novelization by Fritz Lieber
Tarzan and the Great River (1967) (Mike Henry)
Tarzan and the Jungle Boy (1968) (Mike Henry)
Tarzan's Deadly Silence (a compilation of television episodes released to theaters) (1970) (Ron Ely)
Competing films
Tarzan the Fearless (1933) (Buster Crabbe) - released as a serial and as an edited feature film
The New Adventures of Tarzan (1935) (Herman Brix) released as a serial and as a feature film
Tarzan and the Green Goddess (1938) (Herman Brix) - second feature film version of the serial The New Adventures of Tarzan
Tarzans Revenge (1938) (Glen Morris)
Tarzan, the Ape Man (1959) (Denny Miller)
Later films
Tarzan, the Ape Man (1981) (Miles OKeeffe)
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes (1984) (Christopher Lambert)
Tarzan and the Lost City (1998) (Casper Van Dien)
Tarzan (1999) animated feature
Tarzan & Jane (2002) direct to video animated feature
Tarzan II (2005) direct to video animated feature
Televizyon Programları
Tarzan and The Trappers (filmed 1958, aired 1966) - three episodes filmed as pilots for a series that never materialized, edited into a television feature, starring Gordon Scott
Tarzan (19661968) NBC series starring Ron Ely
Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle (19761977) Filmation animated series (season one)
Batman/Tarzan Adventure Hour (19771978) (season two)
Tarzan and the Super 7 (19781980) (seasons three and four)
The Tarzan/Lone Ranger Adventure Hour (19801981) (season five, repeats only)
The Tarzan/Lone Ranger/Zorro Adventure Hour (19811982) (season six, repeats only)
Tarzan in Manhattan (1989) CBS TV movie starring Joe Lara
Tarzán (19911994) syndicated series starring Wolf Larson
Tarzan: The Epic Adventures (1996) syndicated series starring Joe Lara
The Legend of Tarzan (20012003) Disney animated series
Tarzan (2003) WB series
Belgeseller
Tarzan: The Legacy of Edgar Rice Burroughs (1996)
Tarzan at the Movies, Part 1: Johnny Weissmuller (1996)
Tarzan at the Movies, Part 2: The Many Faces of Tarzan (1996)
Investigating Tarzan (1997)
The One, the Only, the Real Tarzan (2004)
Tarzan: Silver Screen King of the Jungle (2004)
I, Tarzan (1996)
Dipnot