Paketleri yonetmek icin bircok arac var apt-get dpkg yum ya da rpm. yum kullanan baya bi dagitim var. fedora onlardan biri. Aklımda olan kullanıslı birkacini vereyim. Neyse Yum Yellowdog Updater Modified demekmis sadece bakmıstım gecmisine falan bakmadim isteyen varsa baksin. 1)Uygulama Yukleme ve Update :Oncelikle bu islemleri yapmak icin sudo ya da root yetkileri olmasi lazim. yani once su ile root olup direk yazabilir ya da sudo yum... seklinde yazabilirsiniz. Uygulama yuklemek icin 'install' kullanıyoruz. install in ardindan direk program adini veriyoruz. ayrica ekstra -y gibi secenekler de verebilirsiniz. -y direk gelen sorulara yes cevabini verecektir. dependency ler otomatik bulunup onlar da kurulacaktır. Eger zaten yuklu ise bunu da belirtiyor sonunda.'update' komutu ise package update islemini gerceklestirir. yum install packagename yum install -y packagename yum update packagename $ sudo yum install -y ocaml password for mstf: Dependencies Resolved Package Arch Version Repository Size Installing: ocaml x86_64 3.12.0-5. fc16 fedora 4.7 MInstalling for dependencies: gdbm-devel x86_64 1.8.3-9. fc15 fedora 26 k ncurses-devel x86_64 5.9-2.20110716. fc16 fedora 700 k ocaml-runtime x86_64 3.12.0-5. fc16 fedora 1.4 M rpm-build x86_64 4.9.1.2-6. fc16 updates 127 k Transaction Summary Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages) Total download size: 6.9 MInstalled size: 7.1 MDownloading Packages:(1/5): gdbm-devel-1.8.3-9. fc15. x86_64. rpm | 26 kB 00:00 (2/5): ncurses-devel-5.9-2.20110716. fc16. x86_64. rpm | 700 kB 00:00 (3/5): ocaml-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64. rpm | 4.7 MB 00:09 (4/5): ocaml-runtime-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64. rpm | 1.4 MB 00:02 (5/5): rpm-build-4.9.1.2-6. fc16. x86_64. rpm | 127 kB 00:00 Total 486 kB/s | 6.9 MB 00:14 Running Transaction CheckRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Installing : rpm-build-4.9.1.2-6. fc16. x86_64 1/5 Installing : ocaml-runtime-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64 2/5 Installing : gdbm-devel-1.8.3-9. fc15. x86_64 3/5 Installing : ncurses-devel-5.9-2.20110716. fc16. x86_64 4/5 Installing : ocaml-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64 5/5 Verifying : ncurses-devel-5.9-2.20110716. fc16. x86_64 1/5 Verifying : ocaml-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64 2/5 Verifying : gdbm-devel-1.8.3-9. fc15. x86_64 3/5 Verifying : ocaml-runtime-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64 4/5 Verifying : rpm-build-4.9.1.2-6. fc16. x86_64 5/5 Installed: ocaml. x86_64 0:3.12.0-5. fc16 Dependency Installed: gdbm-devel. x86_64 0:1.8.3-9. fc15 ncurses-devel. x86_64 0:5.9-2.20110716. fc16 ocaml-runtime. x86_64 0:3.12.0-5. fc16 rpm-build. x86_64 0:4.9.1.2-6. fc16 Complete! $ sudo yum install -y firefox password for mstf: Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit, remove- : with-leavesLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile fedora: ftp. cc. uoc. gr rpmfusion-free: ftp. cc. uoc. gr rpmfusion-free-updates: ftp. cc. uoc. gr rpmfusion-nonfree: ftp. cc. uoc. gr rpmfusion-nonfree-updates: ftp. cc. uoc. gr updates: ftp. cc. uoc. grPackage firefox-11.0-1. fc16. x86_64 already installed and latest versionNothing to do 2. Paket Kaldırmak:'remove' ile aynen install da oldugu gibi basitce istedigimiz paketi kaldırabiliriz.-y kullanırken dikkatli olmak gerekir. yum remove packagename $ sudo yum remove ocaml Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit, remove- : with-leavesResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check > Package ocaml. x86_64 0:3.12.0-5. fc16 will be erased--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved Package Arch Version Repository Size Removing: ocaml x86_64 3.12.0-5. fc16 @fedora 23 M Transaction Summary Remove 1 Package Installed size: 23 MIs this ok : yDownloading Packages:Running Transaction CheckRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Erasing : ocaml-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64 1/1 Verifying : ocaml-3.12.0-5. fc16. x86_64 1/1 Removed: ocaml. x86_64 0:3.12.0-5. fc16 Complete! 3)Paket Aramak:Genellikle kuracaginiz programi bilmenize ragmen tam olarak ismini bilmeniz mumkundur. Bunun icin 'search' ve 'seach all' konutunu kullanıyoruz.'search' baslıklarda ve program isimlerinde arama yaparken 'seach all' tum icerigi tarayacaktir. yum search firefox $ sudo yum search djvu password for mstf: N/S Matched: djvu ImageMagick-djvu. x86_64 : DjVu plugin for ImageMagickdjvulibre. x86_64 : DjVu viewers, encoders, and utilitiesdjvulibre-devel. i686 : Development files for DjVuLibredjvulibre-devel. x86_64 : Development files for DjVuLibredjvulibre-libs. i686 : Library files for DjVuLibredjvulibre-libs. x86_64 : Library files for DjVuLibreevince-djvu. x86_64 : Evince backend for djvu filespdf2djvu. x86_64 : PDF to DjVu converterdjview4. x86_64 : DjVu viewerdjview4-plugin. x86_64 : Browser plugin for DjVu viewer Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything. 4)Paket Hakkında Bilgi Almak:'yum info' komutu bunun icin kullanıyoruz. Kurulu olması onemli degil tum programların bilgilerini gosterir. yum info packagename $ sudo yum info netbeans Available PackagesName : netbeansArch : noarchVersion : 6.9Release : 5. fc16Size : 1.2 MRepo : fedoraSummary : Integrated Development Environment URL : http://www.netbeans.orgLicense : GPLv2 with exceptions or CDDLDescription : NetBeans IDE is an Integrated Development Environment for : Java/JavaFX, C/C++, Ruby, PHP, etc. The NetBeans IDE is oriented : on wide audience of developers from beginners up to experts. A : developer can find useful set of the development tools that are : embedded in the IDE or can be integrated with. The NetBeans IDE is : the modular system and it can be configured according to user : needs. Please, visit http://www.netbeans.org/ for more information : about this open-source project. 5)Kullanılan Repolistleri Grmek:'yum repolist' aktif edilmiş repoları gosterir. $ yum repolist repo id repo name statusadobe-linux-x86_64 Adobe Systems Incorporated 2fedora Fedora 16 - x86_64 25,098google-chrome google-chrome 3rpmfusion-free RPM Fusion for Fedora 16 - Free 428rpmfusion-free-updates RPM Fusion for Fedora 16 - Free - Updates 447rpmfusion-nonfree RPM Fusion for Fedora 16 - Nonfree 171rpmfusion-nonfree-updates RPM Fusion for Fedora 16 - Nonfree - Updates 212updates Fedora 16 - x86_64 - Updates 8,186repolist: 34,547 6)Kurulmuş Package'lari gormek:'yum list' komutu repo da bulunan tum programların listesini 'yum list installed' ise bilgisayarda kurulu olan package listesini verir. NOT:direk yazmayın cunku cok fazla sey gececek okuyamacaksınız 'less' komutunu kullanın. 'yum list l less' 'yum list installed | ess' 7)Programları Grup Halinde Listelemek:Oldukca onemli ve kullanıslı bir ozellik.'yum grouplist' grupları kurulu olanları veya kurulmaya uygun olanları gsterir. Kurmak icin 'yum groupinstall' kaldırmak icin 'yum groupremove' kulanın. $ yum grouplist Installed Groups: Administration Tools Authoring and Publishing Design Suite Dial-up Networking Support Editors Electronic Lab Fonts GNOME Desktop Environment Games and Entertainment Graphical Internet Graphics Hardware Support Input Methods Java LXDE Legacy Fonts Legacy Software Development Mail Server Milkymist Network Servers Office/Productivity Printing Support Robotics Server Configuration Tools Sound and Video System Tools Text-based Internet Window Managers X Window SystemInstalled Language Groups:Language Support Available Groups: Base Books and Guides Clustering DNS Name Server Development Libraries Development Tools Directory Server Dogtag Certificate System Educational Software Engineering and Scientific FTP Server Fedora Eclipse Fedora Packager Font design and packaging GNOME Software Development Haskell Java Development KDE Software Compilation KDE Software Development Legacy Network Server LibreOffice Development MeeGo NetBook UX Environment MinGW cross-compiler MySQL Database News Server OCaml Perl Development PostgreSQL Database Ruby Somali Support Sugar Desktop Environment Virtualization Web Development Web Server Windows File Server X Software Development XFCE Software Development XfceAvailable Language Groups:Done Grdügünüz gibi bircok grup oldukca kullanıslı tek tek kurmak yerine direk bunu yazarak kurabiliriz. Eger sisteminizi GNOME 3 ile kurdunuz ama su anki haliyle direk LXDE ye gecmek istiyorsunuz. Bunu grouplist i kullanarak yapabiliriz. yum groupinstall 'LXDE' yes cevabını verdikten sonra kendisi kuracak ve ardından komutla su dosyayı olusturun sudo touch /etc/sysconfig/desktop ve dosyanın icine bunları yazıp yeniden baslatın. bunlar XFCE icin de gecerlidir. Artık lxde masaustune sahipsiniz. DISPLAYMANAGER=/usr/sbin/lxdmPREFERRED=/usr/bin/startlxde