হিবিস্কাস

হিবিস্কাস () হচ্ছে সপুষ্পক উদ্ভিদের মালভেসি পরিবারের একটি গণের নাম। এই গণে কয়েকশত প্রজাতির গাছ রয়েছে। এদের কয়েকটি পরিচিত বাংলা নাম হচ্ছে রক্তজবা, জবা, ঝুমকা জবা, জবা কুসুম ইত্যাদি উল্লেখযোগ্য। বর্তমানে অনেক ধরনের সংকর প্রজাতির (হাইব্রীড) জবা পাওয়া যায়। এগুলি বিভিন্ন রং ও আকৃতির হয়ে থাকে।

প্রজাতি 

কয়েকশ প্রজাতি খোঁজ পাওয়া গিয়েছে, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে:

 Hibiscus abelmoschus L. synonym of Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.
 Hibiscus abelmoschus var. betulifolius Mast. synonym of Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.
 Hibiscus abelmoschus var. genuinus Hochr. synonym of Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.
 Hibiscus laevis abutiloides Willd. synonym of Talipariti tiliaceum var. pernambucense (Arruda) Fryxell
 Hibiscus abyssinicus Steud. (unresolved)
 Hibiscus acapulcensis Fryxell
 Hibiscus acerifolius Salisb. (unresolved)
 Hibiscus acerifolius DC. (unresolved)
 Hibiscus acetosaefolius DC. (unresolved)
 Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Hiern. false roselle
 Hibiscus acicularis
 Hibiscus aculeatus—comfortroot
 Hibiscus altissimus
 Hibiscus andongensis
 Hibiscus angolensis
 Hibiscus aponeurus
 Hibiscus archeri—Archer's hibiscus
 Hibiscus aridicola
 Hibiscus arnottianus A.Gray—kokiʻo ʻula (Hawaii)
 Hibiscus asper—bush roselle
 Hibiscus austroyunnanensis
 Hibiscus barbosae
 Hibiscus benguellensis
 Hibiscus berberidifolius
 Hibiscus bernieri
 Hibiscus bifurcatus—fork-bracted rosemallow
 Hibiscus biseptus—Arizona rosemallow
 Hibiscus bojerianus
 Hibiscus boryanus—foulsapate marron
 Hibiscus brackenridgei A.Gray—Hawaiian hibiscus maʻo hau hele
 Hibiscus burtt-davyi
 Hibiscus caerulescens
 Hibiscus caesius—dark-eyed hibiscus (South Africa)
 Hibiscus calyphyllus—lemonyellow rosemallow (tropical Africa)
 Hibiscus cameronii—Cameron's hibiscus, pink hibiscus
 Hibiscus cannabinus L.—Kenaf
 Hibiscus castroi
 Hibiscus cisplatinus—rosa del rio
 Hibiscus citrinus
 Hibiscus clayi O.Deg. & I.Deg.— Hawaiian red hibiscus (Hawaii)
 Hibiscus clypeatus—Congo mahoe
 Hibiscus coccineus (Medik.) Walter—scarlet rosemallow
 Hibiscus colimensis
 Hibiscus columnaris—mahot rempart
 Hibiscus comoensis
 Hibiscus congestiflorus
 Hibiscus costatus
 Hibiscus coulteri—desert rosemallow
 Hibiscus cuanzensis
 Hibiscus dasycalyx—Neches River rosemallow
 Hibiscus denudatus Benth.—pale face (Southwestern United States, Northwestern Mexico)
 Hibiscus dimidiatus
 Hibiscus dioscorides  (Yemen)
 Hibiscus diplocrater
 Hibiscus diriffan A.G.Mill. (Yemen)
 Hibiscus diversifolius—swamp hibiscus
 Hibiscus dongolensis
 Hibiscus donianus
 Hibiscus elatus—mahoe
 Hibiscus elegans
 Hibiscus engleri—wild hibiscus
 Hibiscus escobariae
 Hibiscus excellii
 Hibiscus ferrugineus
 Hibiscus ficalhoanus
 Hibiscus flavoroseus
 Hibiscus fragilis DC.—mandrinette (Mascarene Islands)
 Hibiscus fragrans
 Hibiscus fritzscheae
 Hibiscus fugosioides
 Hibiscus furcellatus Desr.—lindenleaf rosemallow (Caribbean, Florida, Central America, South America, Hawaii)
 Hibiscus fuscus
 Hibiscus genevii Bojer (Mauritius)
 Hibiscus gilletii
 Hibiscus gossweileri
 Hibiscus grandidieri
 Hibiscus grandiflorus Michx.—swamp rosemallow (Southeastern United States)
 Hibiscus grandistipulatus
 Hibiscus grewiifolius
 Hibiscus hamabo
 Hibiscus hastatus
 Hibiscus heterophyllus—native rosella
 Hibiscus hirtus—lesser mallow
 Hibiscus hispidissimus
 Hibiscus huellensis
 Hibiscus hybridus
 Hibiscus indicus
 Hibiscus insularis Endl.—Phillip Island hibiscus (Phillip Island)
 Hibiscus integrifolius
 Hibiscus jaliscensis
 Hibiscus kochii
 Hibiscus kokio—red rosemallow
 Hibiscus labordei
 Hibiscus laevis All. (=H. militaris)—halberd-leaved rosemallow (central and eastern North America)
 Hibiscus lasiocarpos—woolly rosemallow
 Hibiscus lasiococcus
 Hibiscus lavaterioides
 Hibiscus laxiflorus
 Hibiscus leptocladus ([Northwest Australia])
 Hibiscus leviseminus
 Hibiscus lilacinus—lilac hibiscus
 Hibiscus liliiflorus—Rodrigues tree hibiscus
 Hibiscus longifolius
 Hibiscus longisepalus
 Hibiscus ludwigii
 Hibiscus lunariifolius
 Hibiscus macilwraithensis - Australia
 Hibiscus macrogonus
 Hibiscus macrophyllus—largeleaf rosemallow
 Hibiscus macropodus
 Hibiscus makinoi—Okinawan hibiscus
 Hibiscus malacophyllus Balf.f. (Yemen)
 Hibiscus malacospermus
 Hibiscus martianus— heartleaf rosemallow
 Hibiscus mesnyi Pierre ex Laness. (Vietnam endemic)
 Hibiscus moscheutos L.—crimsoneyed rosemallow (Central and Eastern North America)
 Hibiscus mutabilis L.—cotton rosemallow, Confederate rose (East Asia)
 Hibiscus paramutabilis
 Hibiscus pedunculatus
 Hibiscus pernambucensis—seaside mahoe
 Hibiscus phoeniceus—Brazilian rosemallow
 Hibiscus platanifolius
 Hibiscus quattenensis
 Hibiscus poeppigii—Poeppig's rosemallow
 Hibiscus radiatus—monarch rosemallow
 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.—Chinese hibiscus (East Asia)
 Hibiscus sabdariffa L.—roselle, omutete, or sorrel
 Hibiscus schizopetalus—fringed rosemallow
 Hibiscus scottii
 Hibiscus socotranus
 Hibiscus sinosyriacus
 Hibiscus splendens
 Hibiscus stenanthus Balf.f. (Yemen)
 Hibiscus striatus—striped rosemallow
 Hibiscus sturtii Australia
 Hibiscus syriacus L. (type species)—rose of Sharon (Asia)
 Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y. Hu Hibiscus tiliaceus L.—sea hibiscus (Australia, Southeast Asia, Oceania)
 Hibiscus tozerensis - Australia
 Hibiscus trilobus—threelobe rosemallow
 Hibiscus trionum L.—flower-of-an-hour
 Hibiscus vitifolius—tropical rose mallow
 Hibiscus waimeae A.Heller—kokiʻo keʻokeʻo (Hawaii)

 পূর্বে বর্গে রাখা হয়েছিল 

 Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (as H. esculentus L.)
 Abelmoschus ficulneus (L.) Wight & Arn. (as H. ficulneus L.)
 Abelmoschus manihot subsp. manihot (as H.  manihot L.)
 Abelmoschus manihot var. pungens (Roxb.) Hochr. (as H. pungens Roxb.)
 Abelmoschus manihot var. tetraphyllus (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Borss. Waalk. (as H. tetraphyllus Roxb. ex Hornem.)
 Abelmoschus moschatus subsp. moschatus (as H. abelmoschus L.)
 Abelmoschus moschatus subsp. tuberosus (Span.) Borss. Waalk. (as H.  sagittifolius Kurz)
 Alyogyne cuneiformis (DC.) Lewton (as H. cuneiformis DC.)
 Alyogyne hakeifolia (Giord.) Alef. (as H. hakeifolius Giord.)
 Alyogyne huegelii (Endl.) Fryxell (as H. wrayae Lindl.)
 Alyogyne pinoniana (Gaudich.) Fryxell (as H. pinonianus Gaudich.)
 Firmiana simplex (L.) W.Wight (as H. simplex L.)
 Lagunaria patersonia subsp. patersonia (as H. patersonius Andrews)
 Kosteletzkya adoensis (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Mast. (as H. adoensis Hochst. ex A.Rich.)
 Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L.) Ledeb. (as H. pentacarpos L.)
 Kosteletzkya tubiflora (DC.) Blanch. & McVaugh (as H. tubiflorus DC.)
 Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) C.Presl ex A.Gray (as H. virginicus L.)
 Pavonia arabica Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss. (as H. flavus Forssk.)
 Pavonia spinifex (L.) Cav. (as H. spinifex L.)
 Radyera farragei (F.Muell.) Fryxell & S.H.Hashmi (as H. farragei F.Muell.)
 Thespesia lampas (Cav.) Dalzell (as H. lampas Cav.)
 Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Corrêa (as H. populneoides Roxb. or H. populneus'' L.)

তথ্যসূত্র

বহিঃসংযোগ 
 American Hibiscus Society (AHS)
 Australian Hibiscus Society
 International Hibiscus Society 
 

ফুল
জবা
ঔষধি উদ্ভিদ
হাইতির জাতীয় প্রতীক
হিবিসকাস
কার্ল লিনিয়াস কর্তৃক নামকরণকৃত ট্যাক্সা