Seeds are dispersed primarily by songbirds, although other animals including bears, mice, grouse, quail, partridges, and even ducks and cutthroat trout may eat the fruit and disperse seeds [ 34 , 126 , 143 ].
(Seeds; are dispersed; primarily by songbirds) (other animals including bears, mice, grouse, quail, partridges, and even ducks and cutthroat trout; may eat; the fruit) (other animals including bears, mice, grouse, quail, partridges, and even ducks and cutthroat trout; disperse; seeds)
Seeds other animals including bears, mice, grouse, quail, partridges, and even ducks and cutthroat trout other animals including bears, mice, grouse, quail, partridges, and even ducks and cutthroat trout
are dispersed may eat disperse
primarily by songbirds
the fruit
seeds