relationship of ecosystems to biomes ecosystem ecology -&gt; the fate of matter and energy in the envrionment why interest - harvests (agriculture, forestry, fisheries, etc), air and water pollution, climate change trophic structure of ecosystems - the biological component of ecosystems who eats whom feeding relationships transfer energy and nutrients through ecosystems food chains and food webs ( hypothetical , actual ) trophic specializations : autotroph, herbivore, predator, omnivore, parasite, detritivore, decomposer, etc. trophic levels producers , primary consumers , secondary consumers, etc (simplifications) limited number of trophic levels pyramids of numbers, biomass - less at higher trophic levels &quot;why big fierce animals are rare&quot; energy flow through ecosystems loss of energy between each trophic level: thermodynamics, ecology ecosystems as open systems with respect to energy primary productivity basis for ecosystem function factors limiting primary productivity in terrestrial systems factors limiting primary productivity in aquatic systems global distribution of primary productivity global production relationship between energy flow and trophic pyramids secondary productivity - loss of energy at each trophic level detritus food chain factors influencing secondary productivity patterns of productivity among habitats biological magnification nutrient cycling within ecosystems transfer of nutrients by trophic relationships decomposers and internal cycling of nutrients ecosystems as &quot;closed&quot; systems with respect to nutrients reservoir - atmosphere vs earth's crust imports and exports of nutrients between ecosystems nitrogen cycle atmosphereic reservoir - role of nitrogen fixation in making nitrogen available to biotic component of ecosystems uptake by producers, transfers to consumers denitrification and return to atmosphere internal cycling vs flows to and from reservoir Hubbard Brook study - setup, basic cycle , effect of deforestation on loss - LTER sites phosphorus cycle sedimentary cycle weathering of rocks flows through terrestrial and aquatic systems ( impacts on aquatic productivity ) marine sedimentation recycling of crust Study questions Define: ecosystem, food chain, food web, trophic level, autotroph, heterotroph, producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, decomposer.
(the biological component of ecosystems; eats; trophic specializations) Context(the biological component of ecosystems eats,List([249, 296))):(feeding relationships; transfer; energy and nutrients; through ecosystems food chains and food webs ( hypothetical , actual) (terrestrial systems factors; limiting; primary productivity in aquatic systems) (ecosystems; uptake; by producers) (each trophic level detritus food chain factors; influencing; secondary productivity patterns of productivity) (ecosystem function factors; limiting; primary productivity; in terrestrial systems factors)
the biological component of ecosystems eats,List([249, 296))
the biological component of ecosystems feeding relationships terrestrial systems factors ecosystems each trophic level detritus food chain factors ecosystem function factors
eats transfer limiting uptake influencing limiting
trophic specializations
energy and nutrients through ecosystems food chains and food webs ( hypothetical , actual
primary productivity in aquatic systems
by producers
secondary productivity patterns of productivity
primary productivity in terrestrial systems factors