core identify sources of heat that drive dynamic changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and interior of the earth describe methods of obtaining, visualizing, and analysing local and regional information about the earth evaluate the practicalities and implications of controlling weathering and erosion Geological Science (Earth Materials) It is expected that students will: differentiate between rocks and minerals use physical and chemical properties to identify and classify selected rocks and minerals describe the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and relate them to the rock cycle classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic using texture and composition describe the relationship between crystal size and cooling rate in igneous rocks classify igneous rocks as volcanic (extrusive) or plutonic (intrusive) on the basis of texture recognize ways in which the study of rocks relates to local geology and industries Geological Science (Weathering and Erosion) It is expected that students will: distinguish between weathering and erosion use examples to distinguish between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering identify the origin and structure of soils describe the processes by which glaciers, running water, wind, and wave action erode rock and sediment distinguish between erosional and depositional features formed by glaciers, running water, wind, and wave action identify local features that are evidence of past glaciation describe and model the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion correlate common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins, methods of transport, and environments of deposition Geological Science (Tectonics and Volcanism) It is expected that students will: outline evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory describe the world distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes give examples of diverging, sliding, and converging plate margins (boundaries) relate folding and faulting to mountain building relate convection theory to plate movement compare magma to lava compare rift, hotspot, and subduction boundary eruptions, and the types of volcanoes produced (e.g., cinder cone, composite, shield, basalt plateau, rift) identify intrusive and extrusive igneous features examine local and global effects of volcanic activity describe the occurrence and nature of geysers, fumaroles, and hot springs outline limitations and assumptions in the prediction of volcanic activity Geological Science (Tectonics and Earthquakes) It is expected that students will: demonstrate or illustrate the elastic rebound theory compare the properties of P, S, and L waves locate the epicentre of an earthquake given appropriate seismographic data model and explain how a seismograph works distinguish between earthquake magnitude and earthquake damage (intensity) describe earthquake effects and methods of preparedness outline limitations and assumptions in the prediction of earthquake activity Geological Science (Resources and Environment) It is expected that students will: distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources identify the uses of ore minerals, rock and sediment materials, and fossil fuels identify and describe some tools used to gain information about the location and extent of earth resources describe the methods of extraction employed in the development of ore minerals, rock and sediment materials, and fossil fuels, including local examples describe the methods of concentrating and refining ore minerals and fossil fuels identify environmental problems related to development of a natural resource such as coal, oil and gas, or any metallic or non-metallic mineral of economic value describe the value of resource conservation suggest strategies to conserve both material and energy resources evaluate two non-conventional forms of energy Oceanographic Science (Oceans) It is expected that students will: describe techniques used to study the ocean floor diagram a typical ocean floor including continental margins, mid-ocean rise (ridge), rift, trench, abyssal plain, and seamounts relate the formation of turbidity currents to submarine canyons describe the physical and chemical properties of sea water describe and diagram the general pattern of major currents in oceans demonstrate the production of ocean currents and give examples correlate oceanic currents with world climates assess the interrelationships between human activities and oceans describe how space technologies are used to study oceans Astronomical Science (Observing the Universe) It is expected that students will: compare the different kinds of tools and instruments used in astronomy to gather information demonstrate a variety of methods for estimating the distance to stellar objects distinguish between an astronomical unit and a light-year compare the apparent magnitude, absolute magnitude, and luminosity of a star demonstrate how spectra are used to determine the temperature, composition, and motion of a star describe the Doppler effect and how it can be used to determine the speed and velocity of stellar bodies Astronomical Science (Stars and Galaxies ) It is expected that students will: classify stars using a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram describe the life cycles of stars describe the historical role of constellations in mythology and navigation describe the characteristics of components of the universe, including galaxies and quasars choose and critique a theory that explains the origin of the universe Astronomical Science (The Sun and the Solar System) It is expected that students will: determine the diameter of the sun describe major characteristics of the sun predict the motion of orbiting bodies using Kepler's laws outline the general features of each of the following components of the solar system: inner planets outer planets comets meteoroids asteroids planetary satellites (moons) relate features of the solar system to the protoplanet hypothesis for the origin of the solar system and planet types, and their distribution Astronomical Science (The Earth and Moon) It is expected that students will: demonstrate ways to determine the volume, density, shape, and circumference of the earth describe and explain the variation in day length over a year for several widely separated positions on the globe describe evidence that shows the earth rotates about its axis and revolves around the sun describe the motion of stars and planets caused by rotation and revolution of the earth use models to explain phases of the moon relate the motions of the moon to low and high tides Astronomical Science (Space Technologies) It is expected that students will: describe uses of space technologies describe some recent advances in space technology assess the 
(students; describe; the methods of extraction) (students; use; physical and chemical properties; to identify and classify selected rocks and minerals describe the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and relate them to the rock cycle classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic using texture and composition describe the relationship between crystal size and cooling rate in igneous rocks) (students; illustrate; the elastic rebound theory) (Astronomical Science; describe; some recent advances in space technology) (space technologies; to study; oceans) (methods of transport, and environments of deposition Geological Science; give; examples; correlate oceanic currents with world climates) (evidence; shows; the earth rotates about its axis and revolves around the sun) (a theory; explains; the origin of the universe) Context(a theory explains,List([5529, 5551))):(It; is expected; ) Context(a theory explains It is expected,List([5529, 5645))):(students; will determine; the diameter of the sun) (sources of heat; drive; dynamic changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and interior of the earth) (the processes; erode; ) (extraction; employed; L:in the development of ore minerals, rock and sediment materials) (plutonic (intrusive) on the basis of texture; recognize; ways in which the study of rocks relates to local geology and industries Geological Science (Weathering and Erosion) It is expected that students will: distinguish between weathering and erosion use examples to distinguish between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering identify the origin and structure of soils) (stars and planets; caused; by rotation and revolution of the earth use models) (local features; are; evidence of past glaciation describe) (fossil fuels; identify; ) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([5223, 5237))):(students; will classify; stars using a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram) (outer planets comets meteoroids asteroids; planetary; satellites) (spectra; to determine; the temperature, composition, and motion of a star) (wave action; identify; local features that are evidence of past glaciation describe and model the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion correlate common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins) (local features; model; the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion correlate common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins) Context(local features model,List([1451, 1521))):(the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion; correlate; common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins) (the study of rocks; relates; to local geology and industries) (fossil fuels, including local examples; describe; the methods of concentrating and refining ore minerals and fossil fuels) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([2584, 2598))):(students; will demonstrate; ) (volcanoes; produced; ) (environmental problems related to development of a natural resource such as coal, oil and gas, or any metallic or non-metallic mineral of economic value; describe; the value of resource conservation) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([6706, 6720))):(students; will describe; uses of space technologies) (the interrelationships between human activities and oceans; describe; how space technologies are used to study oceans Astronomical Science (Observing the Universe)) Context(the interrelationships between human activities and oceans describe,List([4473, 4540))):(space technologies; are used; to study oceans) (fossil fuels; describe; some tools used to gain information about the location and extent of earth resources) (it; to determine; the speed and velocity of stellar bodies Astronomical Science (Stars and Galaxies ) It is expected that students will: classify stars) (the earth; revolves; around the sun) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([3951, 3965))):(students; will describe; techniques used to study the ocean floor diagram) (It; is expected; L:in oceans) Context(It is expected,List([4635, 4649))):(students; will compare; the different kinds of tools and instruments) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments assess; the) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe; major characteristics of the sun) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments compare; the apparent magnitude, absolute magnitude, and luminosity of a star demonstrate) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments predict; the motion of orbiting bodies using Kepler's laws) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe; the life cycles of stars) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe; the characteristics of components of the universe, including galaxies and quasars) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe; the historical role of constellations in mythology and navigation) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe; the Doppler effect and how it can be used to determine the speed and velocity of stellar bodies) Context(It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677))):(students; will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments demonstrate; a variety of methods for estimating the distance) (some tools; used; to gain information about the location and extent of earth resources) (students; diagram; the general pattern of major currents) (Geological Science; identify; the origin and structure of soils) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([999, 1013))):(students; will distinguish; between weathering and erosion use examples; to distinguish between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering) Context(It is expected students will distinguish,List([999, 1045))):(students; will distinguish between weathering and erosion use examples to distinguish; between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([340, 354))):(students; will differentiate; between rocks and minerals) (environmental problems; related; to development of a natural resource such as coal, oil and gas, or any metallic or non-metallic mineral of economic value) (techniques; used; to study the ocean floor diagram) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([1775, 1789))):(core; identify; sources of heat that drive dynamic changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and interior of the earth) Context(It is expected,List([1775, 1789))):(students; will outline; evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory) Context(It is expected students will outline,List([1775, 1817))):(students; will outline evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory describe; the world distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes) Context(It is expected students will outline,List([1775, 1817))):(students; will outline evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory explain; how a seismograph works) Context(It is expected students will outline explain,List([1775, 2808))):(a seismograph; works; ) (erosional and depositional features; formed; by glaciers) (their distribution; describe; the motion of stars and planets caused by rotation and revolution of the earth use models to explain phases of the moon relate the motions of the moon to low and high tides Astronomical Science (Space Technologies) It is expected that students will: describe uses of space technologies) (Astronomical Science; Observing; the Universe) (It; is expected; ) Context(It is expected,List([3088, 3102))):(students; will distinguish; between renewable and non-renewable resources) (stars; using; a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram)
a theory explains,List([5529, 5551)) a theory explains It is expected,List([5529, 5645)) It is expected,List([5223, 5237)) local features model,List([1451, 1521)) It is expected,List([2584, 2598)) It is expected,List([6706, 6720)) the interrelationships between human activities and oceans describe,List([4473, 4540)) It is expected,List([3951, 3965)) It is expected,List([4635, 4649)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected students will compare,List([4635, 4677)) It is expected,List([999, 1013)) It is expected students will distinguish,List([999, 1045)) It is expected,List([340, 354)) It is expected,List([1775, 1789)) It is expected,List([1775, 1789)) It is expected students will outline,List([1775, 1817)) It is expected students will outline,List([1775, 1817)) It is expected students will outline explain,List([1775, 2808)) It is expected,List([3088, 3102))
students students students Astronomical Science space technologies methods of transport, and environments of deposition Geological Science evidence a theory It students sources of heat the processes extraction plutonic (intrusive) on the basis of texture stars and planets local features fossil fuels It students outer planets comets meteoroids asteroids spectra wave action local features the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion the study of rocks fossil fuels, including local examples It students volcanoes environmental problems related to development of a natural resource such as coal, oil and gas, or any metallic or non-metallic mineral of economic value It students the interrelationships between human activities and oceans space technologies fossil fuels it the earth It students It students students students students students students students students students students some tools students Geological Science It students students It students environmental problems techniques It core students students students a seismograph erosional and depositional features their distribution Astronomical Science It students stars
describe use illustrate describe to study give shows explains is expected will determine drive erode employed recognize caused are identify is expected will classify planetary to determine identify model correlate relates describe is expected will demonstrate produced describe is expected will describe describe are used describe to determine revolves is expected will describe is expected will compare will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments assess will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments compare will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments predict will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments describe will compare the different kinds of tools and instruments demonstrate used diagram identify is expected will distinguish will distinguish between weathering and erosion use examples to distinguish is expected will differentiate related used is expected identify will outline will outline evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory describe will outline evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory explain works formed describe Observing is expected will distinguish using
the methods of extraction
physical and chemical properties to identify and classify selected rocks and minerals describe the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and relate them to the rock cycle classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic using texture and composition describe the relationship between crystal size and cooling rate in igneous rocks
the elastic rebound theory
some recent advances in space technology
oceans
examples correlate oceanic currents with world climates
the earth rotates about its axis and revolves around the sun
the origin of the universe
the diameter of the sun
dynamic changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and interior of the earth
L:in the development of ore minerals, rock and sediment materials
ways in which the study of rocks relates to local geology and industries Geological Science (Weathering and Erosion) It is expected that students will: distinguish between weathering and erosion use examples to distinguish between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering identify the origin and structure of soils
by rotation and revolution of the earth use models
evidence of past glaciation describe
stars using a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
satellites
the temperature, composition, and motion of a star
local features that are evidence of past glaciation describe and model the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion correlate common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins
the effects of stream slope, water volume, and sediment particle size in stream erosion correlate common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins
common local sedimentary deposits with possible origins
to local geology and industries
the methods of concentrating and refining ore minerals and fossil fuels
the value of resource conservation
uses of space technologies
how space technologies are used to study oceans Astronomical Science (Observing the Universe)
to study oceans
some tools used to gain information about the location and extent of earth resources
the speed and velocity of stellar bodies Astronomical Science (Stars and Galaxies ) It is expected that students will: classify stars
around the sun
techniques used to study the ocean floor diagram
L:in oceans
the different kinds of tools and instruments
the
major characteristics of the sun
the apparent magnitude, absolute magnitude, and luminosity of a star demonstrate
the motion of orbiting bodies using Kepler's laws
the life cycles of stars
the characteristics of components of the universe, including galaxies and quasars
the historical role of constellations in mythology and navigation
the Doppler effect and how it can be used to determine the speed and velocity of stellar bodies
a variety of methods for estimating the distance
to gain information about the location and extent of earth resources
the general pattern of major currents
the origin and structure of soils
between weathering and erosion use examples to distinguish between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering
between mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering
between rocks and minerals
to development of a natural resource such as coal, oil and gas, or any metallic or non-metallic mineral of economic value
to study the ocean floor diagram
sources of heat that drive dynamic changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and interior of the earth
evidence for continental drift and plate tectonic theory
the world distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes
how a seismograph works
by glaciers
the motion of stars and planets caused by rotation and revolution of the earth use models to explain phases of the moon relate the motions of the moon to low and high tides Astronomical Science (Space Technologies) It is expected that students will: describe uses of space technologies
the Universe
between renewable and non-renewable resources
a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram