X1011591267-00030-08014</DOCNO> Lecture 36: Jupiter Astronomy 161: Introduction to Solar System Astronomy [ Hubble Space Telescope image ] Lecture 36: Jupiter Key Ideas: Jupiter is the largest of the Planets: Giant Gas Planet Cloud Features: Colored belts &amp; zones Great Red Spot Atmosphere &amp; Internal Structure: Mostly Hydrogen &amp; Helium Radiates more energy than it gets from the Sun Rocky core &amp; gaseous atmosphere Jupiter at a Glance Orbital Data a = 5.2 AU Period = 11.9 years e = 0.048 tilted by 1.3 Planetary Data Radius: 71,492 km (11.21 R Earth ) Mass: 317.7 M Earth Rotation: 9 h 50 m Axis Tilt: 3.1 28 Moons Faint ring system Spacecraft to Jupiter Fly-bys : Pioneer 10 &amp; 11 (1973 &amp; 1974) Voyager 1 &amp; 2 (1979) Ulysses (1992) Cassini (2001), enroute to Saturn Orbiters : Galileo (currently in orbit, arrived Dec 1995) Dropped an atmospheric probe in Dec 1995 Jupiter is a Giant Gas Planet Jupiter has no solid surface: Deep, heavy hydrogen/helium atmosphere Rock &amp; ice core Jupiter rotates rapidly Rotates once every 9h 50m This makes it slightly flattened at the poles: Equatorial Radius: 71,492 km Polar Radius: 66,854 km (6.5% flattening) Atmosphere of Jupiter Composition : 86.4% H 2 (Molecular Hydrogen) 13.6% He (Helium) &lt;0.1% H 2 O 0.21% CH 4 (Methane) 0.07% NH 3 (Ammonia) 0.008% H 2 S (Hydrogen Sulfide) This is an example of a Reducing Atmosphere (hydrogen compounds) Terrestrial planets by comparison have Oxidizing Atmospheres .
(3.1 28 Moons; Faint; to Jupiter Fly-bys) (Jupiter; rotates rapidly; Rotates once) (Galileo; arrived; ) (This; is; an example of a Reducing Atmosphere) (it; gets; from the Sun Rocky core &amp; gaseous atmosphere Jupiter) (Dec 1995; Dropped; an atmospheric probe; L:in Dec 1995 Jupiter) Context(Dec 1995 Dropped,List([843, 860))):(Helium; Radiates; more energy) Context(Helium Radiates Dec 1995 Dropped,List([342, 860))):(Jupiter; is; the largest of the Planets) (This; makes; it slightly flattened at the poles: Equatorial Radius: 71,492 km Polar Radius: 66,854 km (6.5% flattening) Atmosphere of Jupiter Composition : 86.4% H 2 (Molecular Hydrogen) 13.6% He (Helium) &lt;0.1% H 2 O 0.21% CH 4 (Methane) 0.07% NH 3 (Ammonia) 0.008% H 2 S (Hydrogen Sulfide) This is an example of a Reducing Atmosphere) Context(This makes,List([1063, 1073))):(it; slightly flattened; L:at the poles; Equatorial Radius: 71,492 km Polar Radius: 66,854 km (6.5% flattening) Atmosphere of Jupiter Composition : 86.4% H 2 (Molecular Hydrogen) 13.6% He (Helium) &lt;0.1% H 2 O 0.21% CH 4 (Methane) 0.07% NH 3 (Ammonia) 0.008% H 2 S (Hydrogen Sulfide) This is an example of a Reducing Atmosphere) (Cassini (2001), enroute to Saturn Orbiters; is; a Giant Gas Planet Jupiter; L:at a Glance Orbital Data) (0.048; tilted; by 1.3 Planetary Data Radius) (Terrestrial planets by comparison; have; Oxidizing Atmospheres)
Dec 1995 Dropped,List([843, 860)) Helium Radiates Dec 1995 Dropped,List([342, 860)) This makes,List([1063, 1073))
3.1 28 Moons Jupiter Galileo This it Dec 1995 Helium Jupiter This it Cassini (2001), enroute to Saturn Orbiters 0.048 Terrestrial planets by comparison
Faint rotates rapidly arrived is gets Dropped Radiates is makes slightly flattened is tilted have
to Jupiter Fly-bys
Rotates once
an example of a Reducing Atmosphere
from the Sun Rocky core &amp gaseous atmosphere Jupiter
an atmospheric probe L:in Dec 1995 Jupiter
more energy
the largest of the Planets
it slightly flattened at the poles: Equatorial Radius: 71,492 km Polar Radius: 66,854 km (6.5% flattening) Atmosphere of Jupiter Composition : 86.4% H 2 (Molecular Hydrogen) 13.6% He (Helium) &lt;0.1% H 2 O 0.21% CH 4 (Methane) 0.07% NH 3 (Ammonia) 0.008% H 2 S (Hydrogen Sulfide) This is an example of a Reducing Atmosphere
L:at the poles Equatorial Radius: 71,492 km Polar Radius: 66,854 km (6.5% flattening) Atmosphere of Jupiter Composition : 86.4% H 2 (Molecular Hydrogen) 13.6% He (Helium) &lt;0.1% H 2 O 0.21% CH 4 (Methane) 0.07% NH 3 (Ammonia) 0.008% H 2 S (Hydrogen Sulfide) This is an example of a Reducing Atmosphere
a Giant Gas Planet Jupiter L:at a Glance Orbital Data
by 1.3 Planetary Data Radius
Oxidizing Atmospheres