- competition - predation - disease or parasitism - mutualism, symbiosis c. Antagonistic species interactions can keep population sizes in check - generally increase in severity with density - have a density-dependent effect on age-specific survival and fecundity, and thus affect the rate of population increase 2.
(symbiosis c. Antagonistic species interactions; can keep; population sizes; in check - generally increase in severity with density)
symbiosis c. Antagonistic species interactions
can keep
population sizes in check - generally increase in severity with density