  Introductory electricity and magnetism lab manual was designed to use with
virtual Physics II class. The lab manual consists of experiments on
electrostatics, electric potential and energy, current and resistance, DC
circuits, electromagnetism, and AC circuits. Virtual experiments were based on
simulations. Open educational resources (OER) were used for all experiments.
Virtual experiments were designed to simulate in-person physical lab
experiments. Special emphasis was given to computational data analysis with
excel. Formatted excel sheets per each lab were given to students and step by
step calculation in excel were explained during the synchronous class. Learning
management system (LMS) was used to fully web enhance the lab class. Virtual
labs were delivered by using live video conference technology and recorded lab
sessions were added to LMS. Lab class were tested with both virtual delivery
methods (synchronous and asynchronous). Student learning outcomes (understand,
apply, analyze and evaluate) were studied with detailed lab reports and end of
the semester lab-based written exam which confirmed the virtual lab class was
as effective as the in-person physical lab class.
