  Smart Cities and Communities (SCC) constitute a new paradigm in urban
development. SCC ideates on a data-centered society aiming at improving
efficiency by automating and optimizing activities and utilities. Information
and communication technology along with the internet of things enables data
collection and with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) situation
awareness can be obtained to feed the SCC actors with enriched knowledge. This
paper describes AI perspectives in SCC and gives an overview of AI-based
technologies used in traffic to enable road vehicle automation and smart
traffic control. Perception, Smart Traffic Control and Driver Modelling are
described along with open research challenges and standardization to help
introduce advanced driver assistance systems in traffic. AI technologies
provide accurate prediction and classifcation; however, the models do not
provide any evidence on their output making them hard to trust for a human
operator. In addition, there are currently no methods that can be used to
describe requirements of how the data should be annotated in order to train an
accurate model.
