  We apply an equal-velocity quark combination model to study the production of
light-flavor hadrons and single-charmed hadrons at midrapidity in $pp$
collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV. We find experimental data for $p_{T}$
spectra of $\Omega$ and $\phi$ exhibit a quark number scaling property, which
is a clear signal for quark combination mechanism at hadronization.
Experimental data of $p$ , $\Lambda$, $\Xi$, $\Omega$, $\phi$ and $K^{*0}$ are
systematically described by the model. The non-monotonic $p_{T}$ dependence of
$\Omega/\phi$ ratio can be naturally explained using only combination mechanism
and we find it is closely related to the concave/convex shape of the logarithm
of strange quark $p_{T}$ spectrum. Using $p_{T}$ spectra of light-flavor quarks
extracted from light-flavor hadrons and a charm quark distribution which is
consistent with perturbative QCD calculations, the differential cross-sections
of $D^{0,+}$, $D_{s}^{+}$ and $\Lambda_{c}^{+}$ as the function of $p_{T}$ are
systematically described. We predict the differential cross-sections of
$\Xi_{c}^{0,+}$ and $\Omega_{c}^{0}$. The ratio $\Xi_{c}^{0,+}/D^{0}$ in our
model is about 0.16 and $\Omega_{c}^{0}/D^{0}$ is about 0.012 due to the
cascade suppression of strangeness. In addition, ratios $\Xi_{c}^{0,+}/D^{0}$
and $\Omega_{c}^{0}/D^{0}$ exhibit the non-monotonic dependence on $p_{T}$ in
the low and intermediate $p_{T}$ range.
