  Currently, soil structure interaction in energy piles has not been understood
thoroughly. One of the important underlying features is the effect of tip and
head restraints on displacement, strain and stress in energy piles. This study
has investigated thermo-mechanical response of energy piles subjected to
different end restraints by using recently found analytical solutions, thus
providing a fundamental, rational, mechanics-based understanding. End
restraints are found to have a substantial effect on thermo-mechanical response
of energy piles, especially on thermal axial displacement and axial stress in
the pile. Head restraint imposed by interaction of an energy pile with the
superstructure led to a decrease in the magnitude of head displacement and
increase in axial stress, while decreasing the axial strain. The impact of head
restraint was more pronounced in end bearing than in fully floating energy
piles.
