  As we make tremendous advances in machine learning and artificial
intelligence technosciences, there is a renewed understanding in the AI
community that we must ensure that humans being are at the center of our
deliberations so that we don't end in technology-induced dystopias. As strongly
argued by Green in his book Smart Enough City, the incorporation of technology
in city environs does not automatically translate into prosperity, wellbeing,
urban livability, or social justice. There is a great need to deliberate on the
future of the cities worth living and designing. There are philosophical and
ethical questions involved along with various challenges that relate to the
security, safety, and interpretability of AI algorithms that will form the
technological bedrock of future cities. Several research institutes on human
centered AI have been established at top international universities. Globally
there are calls for technology to be made more humane and human-compatible. For
example, Stuart Russell has a book called Human Compatible AI. The Center for
Humane Technology advocates for regulators and technology companies to avoid
business models and product features that contribute to social problems such as
extremism, polarization, misinformation, and Internet addiction. In this paper,
we analyze and explore key challenges including security, robustness,
interpretability, and ethical challenges to a successful deployment of AI or ML
in human-centric applications, with a particular emphasis on the convergence of
these challenges. We provide a detailed review of existing literature on these
key challenges and analyze how one of these challenges may lead to others or
help in solving other challenges. The paper also advises on the current
limitations, pitfalls, and future directions of research in these domains, and
how it can fill the current gaps and lead to better solutions.
