  The spread of socially-learnt behaviours occurs in many animal species, and
understanding how behaviours spread can provide novel insights into the causes
and consequences of sociality. Within wild populations, behaviour spread is
often assumed to occur as a "simple contagion". Yet, emerging evidence suggests
behaviours may frequently spread as "complex contagions", and this holds
significant ramifications for the modes and extent of transmission. We present
a new framework enabling comprehensive examination of behavioural contagions by
integrating social-learning strategies into network-based diffusion analyses.
We show how our approach allows determination of the relationship between
social bonds and behavioural transmission, identification of individual-level
transmission rules, and examination of population-level social structure
effects. We provide resources that allow general applications across diverse
systems, and demonstrate how further study-specific developments can be made.
Finally, we outline the new opportunities this framework facilitates, the
conceptual contributions to understanding sociality, and its applications
across fields.
