  Physical representations of data offer physical and spatial ways of looking
at, navigating, and interacting with data. While digital fabrication has
facilitated the creation of objects with data-driven geometry, rendering data
as a physically fabricated object is still a daunting leap for many
physicalization designers. Rendering in the scope of this research refers to
the back-and-forth process from digital design to digital fabrication and its
specific challenges. We developed a corpus of example data physicalizations
from research literature and physicalization practice. This survey then unpacks
the "rendering" phase of the extended InfoVis pipeline in greater detail
through these examples, with the aim of identifying ways that researchers,
artists, and industry practitioners "render" physicalizations using digital
design and fabrication tools.
