  High penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) can potentially put the
utility assets such as transformer under overload stress causing decrease in
their lifetime. The decrease in PV and battery energy storage system (BESS)
prices has made them viable solutions to mitigate this situation. In this
paper, the economic aspect of their optimal coordination is studied to assess
transformer hottest spot temperature (HST) and loss of life. Monte Carlo
simulation is employed to provide synthetic data of PEVs load in a residential
complex and model their stochastic behavior. For load, temperature, energy
price and PV generation, real data for City of College Station, Texas, USA in
2018 is acquired and a case study is developed for one year. The results
illustrate using BESS and PV is economically effective and mitigates
distribution transformer loss of life.
