  Realizing and characterizing interacting topological phases in synthetic
quantum systems is a formidable challenge. Here, we propose a Floquet protocol
to realize the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with power-law decaying
interactions. Based on analytical and numerical arguments, we show that this
model features a quantum phase transition from a spin liquid to a valence bond
solid that spontaneously breaks lattice translational symmetry and is
reminiscent of the Majumdar-Ghosh state. The different phases can be probed
dynamically by measuring the evolution of a fully dimerized state. We moreover
introduce an interferometric protocol to characterize the topological
excitations and the bulk topological invariants of our interacting many-body
system.
