  In recent years, the prevalence of several pulmonary diseases, especially the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has attracted worldwide
attention. These diseases can be effectively diagnosed and treated with the
help of lung imaging. With the development of deep learning technology and the
emergence of many public medical image datasets, the diagnosis of lung diseases
via medical imaging has been further improved. This article reviews pulmonary
CT and X-ray image detection and classification in the last decade. It also
provides an overview of the detection of lung nodules, pneumonia, and other
common lung lesions based on the imaging characteristics of various lesions.
Furthermore, this review introduces 26 commonly used public medical image
datasets, summarizes the latest technology, and discusses current challenges
and future research directions.
