  Most modern operating systems have adopted the one-to-one thread model to
support fast execution of threads in both multi-core and single-core systems.
This thread model, which maps the kernel-space and user-space threads in a
one-to-one manner, supports quick thread creation and termination in
high-performance server environments. However, the performance of time-critical
threads is degraded when multiple threads are being run in low-end CE devices
with limited system resources. When a CE device runs many threads to support
diverse application functionalities, low-level hardware specifications often
lead to significant resource contention among the threads trying to obtain
system resources. As a result, the operating system encounters challenges, such
as excessive thread context switching overhead, execution delay of
time-critical threads, and a lack of virtual memory for thread stacks. This
paper proposes a state-of-the-art Thread Evolution Kit (TEK) that consists of
three primary components: a CPU Mediator, Stack Tuner, and Enhanced Thread
Identifier. From the experiment, we can see that the proposed scheme
significantly improves user responsiveness (7x faster) under high CPU
contention compared to the traditional thread model. Also, TEK solves the
segmentation fault problem that frequently occurs when a CE application
increases the number of threads during its execution.
