  Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a key technology for
improving the spectral and energy efficiency in 5G-and-beyond wireless
networks. For a tractable analysis, most of the previous works on Massive MIMO
have been focused on the system performance with complex Gaussian channel
impulse responses under rich-scattering environments. In contrast, this paper
investigates the uplink ergodic spectral efficiency (SE) of each user under the
double scattering channel model. We derive a closed-form expression of the
uplink ergodic SE by exploiting the maximum ratio (MR) combining technique
based on imperfect channel state information. We further study the asymptotic
SE behaviors as a function of the number of antennas at each base station (BS)
and the number of scatterers available at each radio channel. We then formulate
and solve a total energy optimization problem for the uplink data transmission
that aims at simultaneously satisfying the required SEs from all the users with
limited data power resource. Notably, our proposed algorithms can cope with the
congestion issue appearing when at least one user is served by lower SE than
requested. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the closed-form
ergodic SE over Monte-Carlo simulations. Besides, the system can still provide
the required SEs to many users even under congestion.
