  Black holes in general relativity are commonly believed to evolve towards a
Schwarzschild state as they gradually lose angular momentum and electrical
charge under Hawking evaporation. However, when Kim and Wen applied quantum
information theory to Hawking evaporation and argued that Hawking particles
with maximum mutual information could dominate the emission process, they found
that charged black holes tend towards extremality. In view of some evidence
pointing towards extremal black holes being effectively singular, this would
violate the cosmic censorship conjecture. In this work, we clarified the
difference between the two models -- they pertain to two different regimes. By
taking into account the discreteness of the charge-to-mass ratio of finite
species of charged particles, we also obtained a clearer picture of the end
state of Hawking evaporation. We found that in agreement with the weak gravity
conjecture, if there is no particle with charge-to-mass ratio q/m>1, stable
remnant states are formed, though they are non-extremal. Furthermore, and more
surprisingly, we show that extremality can be reached if there exists a
particle with q/m<1, even in the presence of other particles with q/m>1. This
may explain why there is no charged particle with q/m<1 in the Standard Model
of particle physics. Cosmic censorship could thus play a bigger role in
fundamental physics than previously thought.
