  Obtaining a complete picture of local processes still poses a significant
challenge in battery research. Here we demonstrate an in-situ combination of
multimodal neutron imaging with neutron diffraction for spatially resolved
operando observations of the lithiation-delithiation of a graphite electrode in
a Li-ion battery cell. Throughout the lithiation-delithiation process we image
the Li distribution based on the local beam attenuation. Simultaneously, we
observe the development of the lithiated graphite phases as a function of
cycling time and electrode thickness and integral throughout its volume by
diffraction contrast imaging and diffraction, respectively. While the
conventional imaging data allows to observe the Li uptake in graphite already
during the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase, diffraction indicates
the onset and development of the Li insertion/extraction globally, which
supports the local structural transformation observations by diffraction
contrast imaging.
