  The BraTS dataset contains a mixture of high-grade and low-grade gliomas,
which have a rather different appearance: previous studies have shown that
performance can be improved by separated training on low-grade gliomas (LGGs)
and high-grade gliomas (HGGs), but in practice this information is not
available at test time to decide which model to use. By contrast with HGGs,
LGGs often present no sharp boundary between the tumor core and the surrounding
edema, but rather a gradual reduction of tumor-cell density.
  Utilizing our 3D-to-2D fully convolutional architecture, DeepSCAN, which
ranked highly in the 2019 BraTS challenge and was trained using an
uncertainty-aware loss, we separate cases into those with a confidently
segmented core, and those with a vaguely segmented or missing core. Since by
assumption every tumor has a core, we reduce the threshold for classification
of core tissue in those cases where the core, as segmented by the classifier,
is vaguely defined or missing.
  We then predict survival of high-grade glioma patients using a fusion of
linear regression and random forest classification, based on age, number of
distinct tumor components, and number of distinct tumor cores.
  We present results on the validation dataset of the Multimodal Brain Tumor
Segmentation Challenge 2020 (segmentation and uncertainty challenge), and on
the testing set, where the method achieved 4th place in Segmentation, 1st place
in uncertainty estimation, and 1st place in Survival prediction.
