  The end of Moore's law for CMOS technology has prompted the search for
low-power computing alternatives, resulting in several promising proposals
based on magnetic logic[1-8]. One approach aims at tailoring arrays of
nanomagnetic islands in which the magnetostatic interactions constrain the
equilibrium orientation of the magnetization to embed logical
functionalities[9-12]. Despite the realization of several proofs of concepts of
such nanomagnetic logic[13-15], it is still unclear what the advantages are
compared to the widespread CMOS designs, due to their need for clocking[16, 17]
and/or thermal annealing [18,19] for which fast convergence to the ground state
is not guaranteed. In fact, it seems increasingly evident that "beyond CMOS"
technology will require a fundamental rethinking of our computing paradigm[20].
In this respect, a type of terminal-agnostic logic was suggested[21], where a
given gate is able to "self-organize" into its correct logical states,
regardless of whether the signal is applied to the traditional input terminals,
or the output terminals. Here, we introduce nanomagnetic self-organizing
balanced logic gates, that employ stray-field coupled nanomagnetic islands to
perform terminal-agnostic logic. We illustrate their capabilities by
implementing reversible Boolean circuitry to solve a two-bit factorization
problem via numerical modelling. In view of their design and mode of operation,
we expect these systems to improve significantly over those suggested in
Ref.[21], thus offering an alternative path to explore memcomputing, whose
usefulness has already been demonstrated by solving a variety of hard
combinatorial optimization problems[22].
