  Floating photovoltaics (FPV) is an emerging technology that is gaining
attention worldwide. However, little information is still available on its
possible impacts in the aquatic ecosystems, as well as on the durability of its
components. Therefore, this work intends to provide a contribution to this
field, analysing possible obstacles that can compromise the performance of this
technology, adding to an increase of its reliability and assessing possible
impacts. The problem under study is related to the potential submersion of
photovoltaic cables, that can lead to a degradation of its electrical
insulation capabilities and, consequently, higher energy production losses and
water contamination. In the present study, the submersion of photovoltaic
cables (with two different insulation materials) in freshwater and artificial
seawater was tested, in order to replicate real life conditions, when FPV
systems are located in reservoirs or in the marine environment. Electrical
insulation tests were carried out weekly to assess possible cable degradation,
the physical-chemical characteristics of the water were also periodically
monitored, complemented by analysis to detect traces of copper and
microplastics in the water. The results showed that the submersion of
photovoltaic cables with rubber sheath in saltwater can lead to a cable
accelerated degradation, with reduction of its electrical insulation and,
consequently, copper release into the aquatic environment.
