  Neural networks are computing models that have been leading progress in
Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. In
parallel, the first small scale quantum computing devices have become available
in recent years, paving the way for the development of a new paradigm in
information processing. Here we give an overview of the most recent proposals
aimed at bringing together these ongoing revolutions, and particularly at
implementing the key functionalities of artificial neural networks on quantum
architectures. We highlight the exciting perspectives in this context and
discuss the potential role of near term quantum hardware in the quest for
quantum machine learning advantage.
