  This paper describes an approach to economics that is inspired by quantum
computing, and is motivated by the need to develop a consistent quantum
mathematical framework for economics. The traditional neoclassical approach
assumes that rational utility-optimisers drive market prices to a stable
equilibrium, subject to external perturbations. While this approach has been
highly influential, it has come under increasing criticism following the
financial crisis of 2007/8. The quantum approach, in contrast, is inherently
probabilistic and dynamic. Decision-makers are described, not by a utility
function, but by a propensity function which specifies the probability of
transacting. We show how a number of cognitive phenomena such as preference
reversal and the disjunction effect can be modelled by using a simple quantum
circuit to generate an appropriate propensity function. Conversely, a general
propensity function can be quantized to incorporate effects such as
interference and entanglement that characterise human decision-making.
Applications to some common problems in economics and finance are discussed.
