  The recent advent of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) is expected to
transform the transportation system. CAV technologies are being developed
rapidly and they are foreseen to penetrate the market at a rapid pace. On the
other hand, work zones (WZs) have become common areas on highway systems as a
result of the increasing construction and maintenance activities. The near
future will therefore bring the coexistence of CAVs and WZs which makes their
interaction inevitable. WZs expose all vehicles to a sudden and complex
geometric change in the roadway environment, something that may challenge many
of CAV navigation capabilities. WZs however also impose a space contraction
resulting in adverse traffic operational and safety impacts, something that
legitimately calls for benefiting from the highly efficient CAV mobility and
safety functions. CAVs should be able to reliably traverse WZ geometry and WZs
should benefit from CAV intelligent functions. This paper explores the key
concepts of deploying CAV systems at WZs with a focus on mobility, safety, and
infrastructure considerations. CAV concepts were distributed over the WZ area
which was subdivided into five segments: further upstream, approach area,
queuing area, WZ activity, and termination area. The paper also provides a
review on the recent literature and summarizes a research agenda. The paper
aims to provide a bird`s eye view, but with necessary details that can benefit
practitioners, planners, and transportation agencies. Existing findings show
that CAVs can credibly solve many WZ mobility and safety challenges, CAV
benefits however are very sensitive to market penetration rate, traffic volume,
communication technologies, and the assumed driver behaviour. A plenty of
research work has yet to be organized and conducted in order to better
harmonize the forthcoming coexistence between CAVs and WZs.
