  The space challenges do exist at every stride on a human expedition to Mars
that arise due to galactic natural phenomena and artificial technologies. This
paper emphasizes on Mars orbital and planetary challenges encountered from
orbit to the surface exploration. The Mars orbital challenges embrace hazards
of cosmic radiation and asteroid impact in orbit, disrupted communication relay
from the ground, the intelligence of planetary weather clearance, and execution
of successful entry, descent, and landing. Comparably planetary challenge
encompasses identifying scientific landing site, an intrusion of erratic
environment and weather, complexity in in-situ resource extraction and
exploitation, navigation and surface mobilization, and retarded communication
from relay orbiters. The prime intent of this study is to present every
prospective challenge and its recommendations impending human settlement on
Mars.
