  The tunable bandgap from 0.3 eV to 2 eV of black phosphorus (BP) makes it to
fill the gap in graphene. When studying the properties of BP more
comprehensive, scientists have discovered that many two-dimensional materials,
such as tellurene, antimonene, bismuthene, indium selenide and tin sulfide,
have similar structures and properties to black phosphorus thus called black
phosphorus analogs. In this review, we briefly introduce preparation methods of
black phosphorus and its analogs, with emphasis on the method of mechanical
exfoliation (ME), liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) and chemical vapor deposition
(CVD). And their characterization and properties according to their
classification of single-element materials and multi-element materials are
described. We focus on the performance of passively mode-locked fiber lasers
using BP and its analogs as saturable absorbers (SA) and demonstrated this part
through classification of working wavelength. Finally, we introduce the
application of BP and its analogs, and discuss their future research prospects.
