  Mars is the next frontier for the space explorers to demonstrate the extent
of human presence in space beyond low-earth orbit. Both government and private
space industries have been fascinated by Mars quest to attempt a crewed
expedition to the red planet. The journey to Mars is vastly challenging as it
endowed with numerous challenges from the inception of the mission engage to
the mission achievement. Therefore, it is substantial to overcome those
challenges for a reliable mission. Hence we have studied and emphasized the
comprehensive challenges under the categorization of terrestrial, Earth-bound,
interplanetary, Mars-bound, and planetary surface challenges. These challenges
are suspected to encounter by the astronauts and mission planners throughout
the mission timeline. Our research is different from other studies as it
reports complete challenges and their implications on the way to human
exploration of Mars.
