recourse and repurchase obligations as discussed in note 3 loan sale and servicing activities and variable interest entities , pnc has sold commercial mortgage , residential mortgage and home equity loans directly or indirectly through securitization and loan sale transactions in which we have continuing involvement .
one form of continuing involvement includes certain recourse and loan repurchase obligations associated with the transferred assets .
commercial mortgage loan recourse obligations we originate , close and service certain multi-family commercial mortgage loans which are sold to fnma under fnma 2019s delegated underwriting and servicing ( dus ) program .
we participated in a similar program with the fhlmc .
under these programs , we generally assume up to a one-third pari passu risk of loss on unpaid principal balances through a loss share arrangement .
at december 31 , 2013 and december 31 , 2012 , the unpaid principal balance outstanding of loans sold as a participant in these programs was $ 11.7 billion and $ 12.8 billion , respectively .
the potential maximum exposure under the loss share arrangements was $ 3.6 billion at december 31 , 2013 and $ 3.9 billion at december 31 , 2012 .
we maintain a reserve for estimated losses based upon our exposure .
the reserve for losses under these programs totaled $ 33 million and $ 43 million as of december 31 , 2013 and december 31 , 2012 , respectively , and is included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet .
if payment is required under these programs , we would not have a contractual interest in the collateral underlying the mortgage loans on which losses occurred , although the value of the collateral is taken into account in determining our share of such losses .
our exposure and activity associated with these recourse obligations are reported in the corporate & institutional banking segment .
table 152 : analysis of commercial mortgage recourse obligations .

In millions
2013
2012
January 1
$43
$47
Reserve adjustments, net
(9)
4
Losses – loan repurchases and settlements
(1)
(8)
December 31
$33
$43

residential mortgage loan and home equity repurchase obligations while residential mortgage loans are sold on a non-recourse basis , we assume certain loan repurchase obligations associated with mortgage loans we have sold to investors .
these loan repurchase obligations primarily relate to situations where pnc is alleged to have breached certain origination covenants and representations and warranties made to purchasers of the loans in the respective purchase and sale agreements .
for additional information on loan sales see note 3 loan sale and servicing activities and variable interest entities .
our historical exposure and activity associated with agency securitization repurchase obligations has primarily been related to transactions with fnma and fhlmc , as indemnification and repurchase losses associated with fha and va-insured and uninsured loans pooled in gnma securitizations historically have been minimal .
repurchase obligation activity associated with residential mortgages is reported in the residential mortgage banking segment .
in the fourth quarter of 2013 , pnc reached agreements with both fnma and fhlmc to resolve their repurchase claims with respect to loans sold between 2000 and 2008 .
pnc paid a total of $ 191 million related to these settlements .
pnc 2019s repurchase obligations also include certain brokered home equity loans/lines of credit that were sold to a limited number of private investors in the financial services industry by national city prior to our acquisition of national city .
pnc is no longer engaged in the brokered home equity lending business , and our exposure under these loan repurchase obligations is limited to repurchases of loans sold in these transactions .
repurchase activity associated with brokered home equity loans/lines of credit is reported in the non-strategic assets portfolio segment .
indemnification and repurchase liabilities are initially recognized when loans are sold to investors and are subsequently evaluated by management .
initial recognition and subsequent adjustments to the indemnification and repurchase liability for the sold residential mortgage portfolio are recognized in residential mortgage revenue on the consolidated income statement .
since pnc is no longer engaged in the brokered home equity lending business , only subsequent adjustments are recognized to the home equity loans/lines indemnification and repurchase liability .
these adjustments are recognized in other noninterest income on the consolidated income statement .
214 the pnc financial services group , inc .
2013 form 10-k .

Question: Analyse this data from a financial earnings document. in millions for 2013 , what was the net change in commercial mortgage recourse obligations?
Choices:
119
31.3
-10
10.0
53
Correct choice index: 3