# addr2line

## NAME



           addr2line - convert addresses or symbol+offset into file names and
           line numbers
    


## SYNOPSIS



           addr2line [**-a** |**--addresses**]
                     [**-b** _bfdname_ |**--target=**_bfdname_]
                     [**-C** |**--demangle**[=_style_]]
                     [**-r** |**--no-recurse-limit**]
                     [**-R** |**--recurse-limit**]
                     [**-e** _filename_ |**--exe=**_filename_]
                     [**-f** |**--functions**] [**-s** |**--basename**]
                     [**-i** |**--inlines**]
                     [**-p** |**--pretty-print**]
                     [**-j** |**--section=**_name_]
                     [**-H** |**--help**] [**-V** |**--version**]
                     [addr addr ...]
    


## DESCRIPTION



           **addr2line** translates addresses or symbol+offset into file names
           and line numbers.  Given an address or symbol+offset in an
           executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable object, it
           uses the debugging information to figure out which file name and
           line number are associated with it.
    
           The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the
           **-e** option.  The default is the file _a.out_.  The section in the
           relocatable object to use is specified with the **-j** option.
    
           **addr2line** has two modes of operation.
    
           In the first, hexadecimal addresses or symbol+offset are specified
           on the command line, and **addr2line** displays the file name and line
           number for each address.
    
           In the second, **addr2line** reads hexadecimal addresses or
           symbol+offset from standard input, and prints the file name and
           line number for each address on standard output.  In this mode,
           **addr2line** may be used in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen
           addresses.
    
           The format of the output is **FILENAME:LINENO**.  By default each
           input address generates one line of output.
    
           Two options can generate additional lines before each
           **FILENAME:LINENO** line (in that order).
    
           If the **-a** option is used then a line with the input address is
           displayed.
    
           If the **-f** option is used, then a line with the **FUNCTIONNAME** is
           displayed.  This is the name of the function containing the
           address.
    
           One option can generate additional lines after the **FILENAME:LINENO**
           line.
    
           If the **-i** option is used and the code at the given address is
           present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional
           lines are displayed afterwards.  One or two extra lines (if the **-f**
           option is used) are displayed for each inlined function.
    
           Alternatively if the **-p** option is used then each input address
           generates a single, long, output line containing the address, the
           function name, the file name and the line number.  If the **-i**
           option has also been used then any inlined functions will be
           displayed in the same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed
           by the text **(inlined by)**.
    
           If the file name or function name can not be determined, **addr2line**
           will print two question marks in their place.  If the line number
           can not be determined, **addr2line** will print 0.
    
           When symbol+offset is used, +offset is optional, except when the
           symbol is ambigious with a hex number. The resolved symbols can be
           mangled or unmangled, except unmangled symbols with + are not
           allowed.
    


## OPTIONS



           The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives,
           are equivalent.
    
           **-a**
           **--addresses**
               Display the address before the function name, file and line
               number information.  The address is printed with a **0x** prefix
               to easily identify it.
    
           **-b** _bfdname_
           **--target=**_bfdname_
               Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
               _bfdname_.
    
           **-C**
           **--demangle[=**_style_**]**
               Decode (_demangle_) low-level symbol names into user-level
               names.  Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by
               the system, this makes C++ function names readable.  Different
               compilers have different mangling styles. The optional
               demangling style argument can be used to choose an appropriate
               demangling style for your compiler.
    
           **-e** _filename_
           **--exe=**_filename_
               Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should
               be translated.  The default file is _a.out_.
    
           **-f**
           **--functions**
               Display function names as well as file and line number
               information.
    
           **-s**
           **--basenames**
               Display only the base of each file name.
    
           **-i**
           **--inlines**
               If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the
               source information for all enclosing scopes back to the first
               non-inlined function will also be printed.  For example, if
               "main" inlines "callee1" which inlines "callee2", and address
               is from "callee2", the source information for "callee1" and
               "main" will also be printed.
    
           **-j**
           **--section**
               Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of
               absolute addresses.
    
           **-p**
           **--pretty-print**
               Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed
               on one line.  If option **-i** is specified, lines for all
               enclosing scopes are prefixed with **(inlined by)**.
    
           **-r**
           **-R**
           **--recurse-limit**
           **--no-recurse-limit**
           **--recursion-limit**
           **--no-recursion-limit**
               Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion
               performed whilst demangling strings.  Since the name mangling
               formats allow for an infinite level of recursion it is
               possible to create strings whose decoding will exhaust the
               amount of stack space available on the host machine,
               triggering a memory fault.  The limit tries to prevent this
               from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of
               nesting.
    
               The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it
               may be necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names.
               Note however that if the recursion limit is disabled then
               stack exhaustion is possible and any bug reports about such an
               event will be rejected.
    
               The **-r** option is a synonym for the **--no-recurse-limit** option.
               The **-R** option is a synonym for the **--recurse-limit** option.
    
               Note this option is only effective if the **-C** or **--demangle**
               option has been enabled.
    
           **@**_file_
               Read command-line options from _file_.  The options read are
               inserted in place of the original @_file_ option.  If _file_ does
               not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
               literally, and not removed.
    
               Options in _file_ are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace
               character may be included in an option by surrounding the
               entire option in either single or double quotes.  Any
               character (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing
               the character to be included with a backslash.  The _file_ may
               itself contain additional @_file_ options; any such options will
               be processed recursively.
    


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