# fputs

## PROLOG



           This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The
           Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
           corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
           the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
    


## NAME



           fputs — put a string on a stream
    


## SYNOPSIS



           #include <stdio.h>
    
           int fputs(const char *restrict _s_ , FILE *restrict _stream_);
    


## DESCRIPTION



           The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with
           the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the requirements
           described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional. This
           volume of POSIX.1‐2017 defers to the ISO C standard.
    
           The _fputs_() function shall write the null-terminated string
           pointed to by _s_ to the stream pointed to by _stream_.  The
           terminating null byte shall not be written.
    
           The last data modification and last file status change timestamps
           of the file shall be marked for update between the successful
           execution of _fputs_() and the next successful completion of a call
           to _fflush_() or _fclose_() on the same stream or a call to _exit_() or
           _abort_().
    


## RETURN VALUE



           Upon successful completion, _fputs_() shall return a non-negative
           number. Otherwise, it shall return EOF, set an error indicator for
           the stream, and set _errno_ to indicate the error.
    


## ERRORS



           Refer to fputc(3p).
    
           _The following sections are informative._
    


## EXAMPLES



       **Printing to Standard Output**
           The following example gets the current time, converts it to a
           string using _localtime_() and _asctime_(), and prints it to standard
           output using _fputs_().  It then prints the number of minutes to an
           event for which it is waiting.
    
               #include <time.h>
               #include <stdio.h>
               ...
               time_t now;
               int minutes_to_event;
               ...
               time(&now);
               printf("The time is ");
               fputs(asctime(localtime(&now)), stdout);
               printf("There are still %d minutes to the event.\n",
                   minutes_to_event);
               ...
    


## APPLICATION USAGE



           The _puts_() function appends a <newline> while _fputs_() does not.
    
           This volume of POSIX.1‐2017 requires that successful completion
           simply return a non-negative integer. There are at least three
           known different implementation conventions for this requirement:
    
            *  Return a constant value.
    
            *  Return the last character written.
    
            *  Return the number of bytes written. Note that this
               implementation convention cannot be adhered to for strings
               longer than {INT_MAX} bytes as the value would not be
               representable in the return type of the function. For
               backwards-compatibility, implementations can return the number
               of bytes for strings of up to {INT_MAX} bytes, and return
               {INT_MAX} for all longer strings.
    


## RATIONALE



           The _fputs_() function is one whose source code was specified in the
           referenced _The C Programming Language_. In the original edition,
           the function had no defined return value, yet many practical
           implementations would, as a side-effect, return the value of the
           last character written as that was the value remaining in the
           accumulator used as a return value. In the second edition of the
           book, either the fixed value 0 or EOF would be returned depending
           upon the return value of _ferror_(); however, for compatibility with
           extant implementations, several implementations would, upon
           success, return a positive value representing the last byte
           written.
    


## FUTURE DIRECTIONS



           None.
    


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