Journalism

{{media}}{{cquote|A journalist’s job is to accumulate sources, friends, and potential ex-lovers.|||Anonymous intern<ref>[https://twitter.com/OHnewsroom/status/238099454404734976 Overheard in the Newsroom]</ref>}}
'''Journalism''' is an aspect of writing or type of [[media]] presentation that attempts to focus on bringing reported [[fact]]s to the audience. 

Traditionally, unlike "editorials" or "[[Pundit|commentary]]," bias in journalism is not generally overt, though it is still present.  However, especially with the variety of [[information]] sources available, journalists have become an open part of entertainment, [[propaganda]], [[opinion]] formations, and change — for "good" and for "bad."

==Journalists and sources==
For [[Democracy|important reasons]], journalists generally hold a unique status in courtrooms. Unlike [[Medicine|doctors]] and [[lawyer]]s, they are protected from discussing sources by legal privileges ({{wpl|Journalism source protection}}). Journalists traditionally have been given slightly more leeway to keep a source anonymous than the average witness at a trial, based on the argument that they would otherwise never be able to get sources to talk. There is also a long [[tradition]] of journalists willing to be in contempt of court to protect sources (this does happen and isn't restricted to legal dramas on TV).

==Yellow journalism==
[[File:YellowKid.jpeg|thumb|right|165px|The "Yellow Kid", who appeared in a comic for the ''New York World'' and later the ''New York Journal'' and gave yellow journalism its name]]
So-called ''
urine
 yellow journalism'' is the tendency for journalists to sensationalize an event for the sake of either sale of the individual article to a [[news]] source, or for the news source to sell to the populace.  The term 'yellow journalism' applies equally to those overly glorified or gorified individual stories within a particular media outlet (newspaper, television show, or magazine) as well as to particular [[Tabloid|media outlets]] whose entire presentation consists of yellow journalism, such as the ''[[National Enquirer]]''.

Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of the ''New York World'', and William Randolph Hearst, editor of the ''New York Journal'', founded the grand tradition of modern yellow journalism. 

==="Infotainment"===
{{cquote|Some people think the media business is tough, but think of it like teaching preschool. There's a whole range of strategies, but one of them, guaranteed to work, is walking into class every morning and handing out giant tubs of ice cream. The [[Fox]] lineup is the media equivalent of this: a giant pile of [[tits]], explosions and football.|||[[Matt Taibbi]]<ref>Taibbi, [http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/rupert-murdoch-is-deviant-scum-20151013 "Rupert Murdoch is Deviant Scum"], ''Rolling Stone''.</ref>}}

In the 1980s, a new breed of journalism started creeping into the [[United States]] media, with the trend quickly spreading to other countries and to their own journalists. ''USA Today'' was perhaps one of the first/best newspapers for creating this "happy news". The intent was ratings, at all costs. Stories were stripped down to the smallest bits of necessary information, bold energetic colors and headlines won the reader over, and editorials started to be [[Anti-intellectualism| far less "intellectually" bent]], and far more "show me the [[money]]" writing.

Over the next 20 years in the United States, infotainment channels began to pop up, blurring the distinction between 'true journalism' that has at its core the idea of presenting "[[truth]]," and the new aspects of infotainment, [[advertising|marketing]].  Gimmicky shows, hosts that aggressively called people out to embarrass them, so-called "[[Rush Limbaugh|loudmouths without college degrees]]" who used their pulpit just to be heard became common forms of infotainment.

At its height, Fox News became the first TV network to ignore its purpose of being news at all, and became an admitted loudspeaker for [[Republican Party|one political party]] and for the [[White House]] (well… whenever ''their'' man is in the White House). Truth no longer mattered at all, and the entertainment value was used to "sell" only one side.

==See also==
*The [[:Category:Newspapers|newspapers]] and [[:Category:Broadcasting|broadcasters]] we have articles on
*[[Betteridge's law of headlines]]
*[[Fake news]]
*[[Penultimate paragraph syndrome]]

==External link==
*[http://www.emp.ca/media-law-for-canadian-journalists-2nd-edition.html ''Media Law for Canadian Journalists''], Dean Jobb (Obviously from a [[Canada|Canuck]] perspective, but a good read for anyone who wants to understand the intricacies of modern-day journalism.)
*[https://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp Society of Professional Journalists: Code of Ethics]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090626122000/http://assembly.coe.int//Main.asp?link=http%3A%2F%2Fassembly.coe.int%2FDocuments%2FAdoptedText%2Fta93%2Feres1003.htm Resolution 2066 (2015): Media responsibility and ethics in a changing media environment] — Parliamentary Assembly, Council of Europe
*{{wpa|Journalism ethics and standards}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Culture]]
[[Category:Journalism| ]]

Categories: Culture, Journalism