Humanzee

{{pseudosciencenav}}
'''Humanzee''' is the hypothetical [[hybrid]] between a [[human]] and a [[chimpanzee]]. Under conventional rules for naming, it would be a hybrid between a [[male]] human and a [[female]] chimp; the hybrid between a female human and a male chimp would be a '''Chuman'''. Due to huge similarity in the [[DNA]] of humans and chimpanzees, it has been speculated that such a hybrid is theoretically possible, even though no hybrids have been confirmed.

[[Bonobo]] have about the same genetic similarity to humans as chimpanzee, and as such a hybrid between a human and a bonobo is as likely to be created as a hybrid between a chimp and human.<ref group=note>The odds may even be higher, since bonobos are likely far more open to the idea of the required interspecies banging then chimps, considering they happily practice every other possible type of banging known to man in abundance.</ref> Despite this fact, the topic of a possible bonobo-human hybrid rarely gets brought up when talking about a humanzee, likely because most forget about the existence of the far rarer bonobos. It's likely those aware of the possibility use the term Humanzee as a catch-all for all possible chimp-human or bonobo-human hybrids, despite not technically being accurate.

==Alleged cases and attempts==
===Count Gulielmus===
Though not specifically identified as involving a chimpanzee, historically the first allegation of a human-ape hybrid would seem to be the legend of Count Gulielmus, whose pet ape became his wife's lover after becoming infuriated with jealousy watching them have [[sex]]. The story was first publicized by Doctor of the Church Petrus Damiani<ref>{{wpa|Peter Damian}}</ref> in his 11<sup>th</sup>-century work ''De bono religiosi status et variorum animatium tropologia'' (or "Illustrated Book of Sexual Records"), allegedly told to him by Pope Alexander II<ref>[http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/02m/1007-1072,_Petrus_Damianus,_Opusculum_52._De_Bono_Religiosi_Status,_MLT.pdf ''De bono religiosi status et variorum animatium tropologia'']</ref> (in office 1061-1073).

===Vichy, France===
In 1897, an anencephalic birth was reported in Vichy, [[France]] ("''L'anencéphale de Vichy''"). It was alleged by the author, Dr. Louis Bounoure, that the birth was due to a female human mating with a male chimpanzee.<ref>[http://www.macroevolution.net/support-files/anencephale-de-vichy.pdf ''L’Anencéphale à type simiesque de la Maternité de l'hôpital civil de Vichy''] by A. Therre & Louis Bounoure (1943) Protat Frère.</ref><ref>[http://www.macroevolution.net/ape-human-hybrids.html Ape-human Hybrids: Hybrids out of History] by Eugene M. McCarthy. ''Macroevolution.net''</ref>

===Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov===
[[File:Ilya ivanov.jpg|thumb|right|165px|Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov in 1927]]
A scientist named Dr. Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov tried to create hybrids of humans and other great apes in the late 1920s, but did not succeed in the few experiments he conducted: artificially inseminating<ref group=note>We know what you were thinking.</ref> three female chimpanzees. However, the death of his last male ape, followed by the usual political maneuvering in the early [[Soviet Union]] that saw him exiled to [[Kazakhstan]], meant his attempt to artificially inseminate five human females (probably) never went ahead.<ref group=note>Though, just to give you goosebumps, it's worth mentioning his son and other assistants were in a perfect position to proceed, had a shipment of new apes on the way to the lab, and the lab's records of the next few years are oddly inaccessible to the public. Not saying it happened… but it at least ''could'' have happened. Maybe.</ref> There is a false rumor that he did it for [[Stalin]], who is alleged to have told Ivanov, "I want a new invincible human being, insensitive to pain, resistant and indifferent about the quality of food they eat."<ref>''At the Edge of Uncertainty: 11 Discoveries Taking Science by Surprise'' by Michael Brooks (2015) Overlook Press. ISBN 1468310593. Page 65.</ref><ref name=sciam>[https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/primate-diaries/stalins-ape-man-superwarriors/ Scientific Ethics and Stalin's Ape-Man Superwarriors] by Eric Michael Johnson (November 10, 2011) ''Scientific American''.</ref><ref>[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/science-in-context/article/beyond-species-ilya-ivanov-and-his-experiments-on-crossbreeding-humans-with-anthropoid-apes/D3E0E117E953A0038D63984AD92F4B80 Beyond Species: Il'ya Ivanov and His Experiments on Cross-Breeding Humans with Anthropoid Apes] by Kirill Rossiianov (2003) ''Science in Context'', Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 277-316.</ref> The quote is popular among [[creationists]].<ref>[http://creation.com/stalins-ape-man-superwarriors Stalin’s ape-man Superwarriors] by Russell Grigg (20 August 2007) ''Creation.com''; Some creationist bullshit.</ref><ref name=sciam/> The true motivations of Ivanov (or at least of his financial supporters) was the demonstration of "positive" [[eugenics]], based on [[Lysenkoism]].<ref name=sciam/>

===Ji Yongxiang===
Ji Yongxiang, the head of a hospital in Shengyang, [[China]], claimed that he was part of a 1967 human-chimpanzee crossbreeding experiment, but that the experiment was stopped by the [[Cultural Revolution]].<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=950&dat=19810212&id=sbdaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=rFgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6991,3347287&hl=en Chinese Aim To Implant Human Sperm In Chimps] by Timothy McNulty (12 February 1981). ''St. Petersburg Independent'', p. 19.</ref>

===Oliver===
In the 1970s, a chimpanzee named {{wpl|Oliver (chimpanzee)|Oliver}} was thought to be a humanzee due to his unusual appearance and habit walking upright, but genetic testing found him to have the 48 chromosomes of chimpanzees.<ref>[http://science.sciencemag.org/content/274/5288/727.1 "Mutant" Chimp Gets Gene Check] (1 Nov 1996) ''Science'', Vol. 274, Issue 5288, pp. 727. DOI: 10.1126/science.274.5288.727e.</ref> Oliver's morphology fell within the normal range of chimpanzees.<ref>W. C. O. Hill In: ''Anatomy, Behavior, and Diseases of Chimpanzees'', edited by Geoffrey H. Bourne (1969).</ref>

==Actual evidence==
Since humans have 46 [[chromosome]]s and chimpanzees 48 (what are two separate chromosomes in chimps and other great apes have been fused together in humans to form the human chromosome 2), any offspring would have 47 chromosomes, rendering them almost certainly infertile.

There is some evidence that the chimpanzee genus (''Pan'') and early non-''Homo'' hominid species (''Ardipithecus'' or ''Orrorin'') may have hybridized.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v441/n7097/full/nature04789.html Genetic evidence for complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees] by Nick Patterson et al. (2006) ''Nature'' 441, 1103-1108. doi:10.1038/nature04789.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Bestiality]]
*[[Eugene M. McCarthy]]
*''[[Planet of the Apes]]''

==Bibliography==
*[https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19926701-000-blasts-from-the-past-the-soviet-ape-man-scandal/ Blasts from the past: The Soviet ape-man scandal] by Stephanie Pain (20 August 2008) ''New Scientist''
*[http://www.scotsman.com/news/world/stalin-s-half-man-half-ape-super-warriors-1-686693 Stalin's half-man, half-ape super-warriors] (20 December 2005) ''The Scotsman''
*[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369848608000174?via%3Dihub Beyond eugenics: the forgotten scandal of hybridizing humans and apes] by Alexander Etkind (2008). ''Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences'', Volume 39, Issue 2, Pages 205-210.

==Notes==
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==References==
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[[Category:Protoscience]]

Categories: Protoscience