Chimpanzee

[[File:Chimpanzees.jpg|thumb|right|165px|Is it teatime yet?]]{{evolution}}
{{hatnote|Not to be confused with [[bonobo]]s (Pan paniscus), their closest extant sister taxon, historically known as 'pygmy chimpanzee'.}}
'''Chimpanzees''' (''Pan troglodytes''), sometimes colloquially known as '''chimps''', are [[hominid]]s native to [[Africa]]. Chimps share 96% of their DNA with humans,<ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/chimps-humans-96-percent-the-same-gene-study-finds Chimps, Humans 96 Percent the Same, Gene Study Finds], Stefan Lovgren, ''National Geographic'' 31 August 2005</ref> meaning that genetically speaking chimpanzees are more similar to humans than African elephants are to Indian elephants.<ref>[https://www.economictimes.com/news/science/after-genome-sequencing-scientists-find-95-similarity-in-asian-african-elephants/articleshow/50231250.cms After genome sequencing, scientists find 95% similarity in Asian, African elephants], ET Bureau, ''Economic Times'' 18 December 2015</ref>

Chimpanzees have 48 [[chromosome]]s; [[human]]s have 46 chromosomes. Scientists have found evidence of two ancestral chromosomes of the great apes which seem to have fused - making Chromosome 2 in humans. The analogous chromosomes (2p and 2q) in the non-human great apes can be shown, when laid end to end, to create an identical banding structure to the human chromosome 2, which explains why humans have one less pair than the rest of the great apes. Plenty of evidence backs up this hypothesis, even evidence from the telomere (the ending sequence of the chromosome), and the centromere.

Many claim that chimps are humans' closest relatives in an attempt to defend [[misogyny]],<ref group=note>And by extension [[Transmisogyny#Transmisogyny and white supremacy|transmisogynoir]], for no reason other than it supports their views.</ref> while ironically, [[bonobo]]s, our other closest relatives, are [[Female supremacy|female supremacists]].<ref>[https://youtube.com/watch?v=YTyQgwVvYyc Alpha Males Do Not Exist], ''Adam Ruins Everything''</ref> Secondly, in the west African chimpanzee subspecies, females appear to have more power than in other chimpanzee subspecies. In western chimpanzees, females use tools more often than males do, are able to monopolize their food without males taking it from them<ref name=femalechimps>https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/female-chimps-more-likely-males-hunt-tools-180955004/</ref> and can even select which males to mate with on their own terms.<ref name=femalechimps />

A chimpanzee in [[Austria]] is the first to have the opportunity to receive the same rights as a human being.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/apr/01/austria.animalwelfare</ref> Rumor has it that a negative issue from the court concerned will result in a thousand-chimp march down the streets of Vienna.{{cn | joke}}

Chimpanzees in Fongoli, Senegal, have used spears to hunt and kill prey.<ref>http://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/2/4/140507</ref> Chimpanzees might also have, er, a "proto-religion", observers having seen some worshipping a tree, and also  dancing in strange rituals around, above all things, ''fire'', possibly indicating they have an actual ''understanding'' of fire, though that may be going a bit too far.<ref>
[https://www.newscientist.com/article/2079630-what-do-chimp-temples-tell-us-about-the-evolution-of-religion/ What do Chimp Temples tell us about the origin of religions.] ''New Scientist'', by Rowan Hooper.
</ref><ref>[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/chimps-may-be-performing-rituals-shrine-trees-180958301/ Chimps may be performing rituals at "shrine trees"] - ''Smithsonian Magazine''</ref> However, it pays to be careful not to anthropomorphize animals ''too much'', because assuming animal minds work exactly like human minds is philosophically problematic.<ref>"[https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cognition-animal/ Animal cognition]" - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</ref>

==Phylogeny==
Phylogenetic tree showing only extant (living) taxa:<ref>http://tolweb.org/Hominidae/16299</ref>

{{clade
	|label1=<small>&nbsp;Family&nbsp;[[Hominidae]]&nbsp;</small>
	|1={{clade
		|1={{clade
			|1={{clade
				|label1=<small>&nbsp;Genus&nbsp;''Pan''&nbsp;</small>
				|1={{clade
					|1=&nbsp;Chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes'')&nbsp;
					|2=&nbsp;[[Bonobo]]s (''Pan paniscus'')&nbsp;
				}}
			|label2=<small>&nbsp;Genus&nbsp;''Homo''&nbsp;</small>
			|2={{clade
				|1=&nbsp;[[Human]]s (''Homo sapiens'')&nbsp;
			}}
			}}
		|2={{clade
			|label1=<small>&nbsp;Genus&nbsp;''Gorilla''&nbsp;</small>
			|1={{clade
				|1=&nbsp;{{wpl|Gorilla|Gorillas}}&nbsp;
			}}
		}}
		}}
	|2={{clade
		|1={{clade
			|label1=<small>&nbsp;Genus&nbsp;''Pongo''&nbsp;</small>
			|1={{clade
				|1=&nbsp;[[Orangutan]]s&nbsp;
			}}
		}}
	}}
	}}
}}

==See also==
* [[Ape]]
* [[Humanzee]]
* [[Hominid]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{stub|biology}}
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[[Category:African animals]]
[[Category:Evolution]]
[[Category:Hominids]]

Categories: African animals, Evolution, Hominids