Olympia Snowe

[[File:Olympia_Snowe,_official_photo_2.JPG|thumb|upright|165px|Senator Olympia Snowe.]]
{{uspolitics}}
'''Olympia Snowe''' {{lived|1947}} is a former [[Republican]] [[US Senate|Senator]], serving from 1995 to 2013. Representing Maine, Snowe generally holds socially [[liberalism|liberal]] views and is moderately conservative in fiscal matters.<ref>[http://www.snoweforsenate.com/issues/ Snowe's Campaign Website]</ref><ref name="NYT-2">[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/24/opinion/abortion-rights-republican-party-women.html Why We Are Leaving the G.O.P.] ''[[The New York Times]]''. Opinion. June 24, 2018.</ref> Like fellow Senator from Maine Susan Collins, she was very bipartisan and for that reason was known as one of the most moderate of Republicans in the Senate.<ref name="NYT">[https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/11/us/politics/11cong.html?_r=0 Maine Senators Break With Republican Party on Stimulus]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. February 10, 2009.</ref> Centrism and moderation are rather rare at a time of heightened political polarization. In light of what the modern Republican Party has become, Snowe is a [[RINO|Republican in name only]]. She is pragmatic and reformist rather than dogmatic and reactionary. Although she may not be the most progressive of politicians, she welcomes change for the sake of social harmony and stability, lest the masses become so downtrodden they are prone to seduction by radical factions.<ref group="note">In this sense, she may be considered an "enlightened conservative," much like Dwight D. Eisenhower.</ref>

==Political career==
{{cquote|I think it is safe to say that Republicans in the Northeast are not exactly the same as Republicans in the Deep South.|||Senator [[Mitch McConnell]] of Kentucky.<ref name="NYT"/>}}

Snowe was born February 21, 1947 in Augusta, Maine, to two [[Greek]] immigrants. She lost her mother when she was nine, and her father when she was ten, after which she was raised by her aunt and uncle with their five children. She graduated from the University of Maine in 1973.<ref>[http://www.snoweforsenate.com/about/ Snowe's Campaign Website About Page]</ref>

Snowe was elected to the Senate in 1994, becoming the second female senator to represent Maine. Before her election to the Senate, Olympia Snowe represented Maine’s Second Congressional District in the House of Representatives for sixteen years. Senator Snowe was only the fourth woman in American history to be elected to both houses of Congress and the first woman to serve in both houses of a state legislature and both houses of Congress.<ref name="Duke"/> For ten years, she co-chaired the Congressional Caucus for Women’s Issues, which focused on various [[Women's rights|issues important to women]], including family medical leave, child support payments, and inclusion of women in medical trials.<ref name="Duke"/> She obtained bipartisan support on issues such as the Child Tax Credit and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, which has been called the “first civil rights bill of the 21th century.”<ref name="Duke"/>

In 2001, Snowe became the first Republican woman ever to secure a full-term seat on the Senate Finance Committee, and only the third woman in history to join the panel. She was also a member of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, and is the former Chair and Ranking Member of its Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries and the Coast Guard. Prior to her service on the Finance Committee, Senator Snowe had been the fourth woman ever to serve on the Senate Armed Services Committee, where she was the first woman Senator to chair the Subcommittee on Seapower, which oversees the [[United States Navy|Navy]] and [[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]].<ref>[http://snowe.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/aboutolympia?p=biography Snowe's Senate Biography Page]</ref>

In 2003, she voted against a bill by [[Rick Santorum]] restricting [[Abortion|abortions]], which angered the more conservative wing of her party, as did her support for human embryonic [[stem cell research]]. As a matter of fact, she praised President [[Barack Obama]] for lifting the ban on the subject in 2009.<ref name="politico">[https://www.politico.com/story/2012/02/9-snowe-votes-that-angered-the-gop-073449 9 Snowe Votes That Angered the GOP]. Politico. February 9, 2012.</ref>

In 2009, Snowe broke party lines and voted in favor of President Obama's massive economic stimulus package of over 800 billion dollars.<ref name="NYT"/> In the following year, she was one of the few Republicans to voted for the Dodd-Frank financial regulatory reforms and the creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.<ref name="politico"/>

In 2010, she was one of eight Republicans who voted to repeal the "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" policy, effectively lifting the ban on [[LGBT]] individuals in the Armed Forces.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/12/18/senate.dadt/index.html Senate Votes to Repeal Ban on Gays Openly Serving in Military]. [[CNN]]. December 20, 2010.</ref> Although she supported the Defense of Marriage Act in 1996, she voted against proposed constitutional amendments defining a marriage to be between a man and a woman twice.<ref name="politico"/>

==Retirement and return==
On 28 February 2012, the moderate Snowe announced that she would not seek re-election in [[2012 United States presidential election|2012]], citing "[[Tea Party|an atmosphere of polarization and 'my way or the highway' ideologies]]" that had become inherent in Congress, particularly in the Republican Party.<ref>[http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2012/02/28/sen-olympia-snowe-to-retire-cites-my-way-or-the-highway-ideologies/ "Sen. Olympia Snowe to Retire, cites 'my way or the highway' ideologies"], The Raw Story</ref> She was concerned that such an atmosphere was not going away anytime soon (and indeed, it didn't), and Congress was behaving more like a parliamentary system, where one group meticulously seeks to undermine the other side by whatever means possible, even though the willingness to compromise and bipartisan thinking are, in her view, signs of strength. Only by finding common ground can progress be made in such a politically diverse nation, she wrote.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/olympia-snowe-why-im-leaving-the-senate/2012/03/01/gIQApGYZlR_story.html Olympia Snowe: Why I’m Leaving the Senate]. ''Washington Post''. March 1, 2012.</ref> Shortly after retiring, she announced that she no longer favored the [[Defense of Marriage Act]].<ref>[http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2013/04/05/now-out-of-senate-snowe-supports-same-sex-marriage/ Now Out of Senate, Snowe Supports Same-sex Marriage]. CNN. Blogs. April 5, 2013.</ref> This seems to be the natural course of her evolution on the subject of gay rights.

The announcement came as a benefit to [[Democrat]]s in the 2012 senatorial race, as previously they were faced with the prospect of losing four seats to lose the majority in the Senate.{{cn}}

During the [[2016 U.S. Presidential Election]], Snowe was one of the many Republicans who vocally voiced their disapproval of then-candidate [[Donald Trump]].<ref>[http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/list-republicans-who-oppose-donald-trump-endorse-hillary-clinton Republican exodus from Trump grows]. ''The Hill''. Blogs. August 10, 2016.</ref> What makes this particular election noteworthy is the Republican Party's hemorrhaging of popular support, including among (well-educated) women, without whom their political future is bleak,<ref name="NYT-2"/> even though they prevailed and came to dominate all three branches of government in 2016.

In 2018, in her Crown Lecture in Ethics at the Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Snowe pointed out some of the major problems facing the United States Congress today. Besides an unhealthy amount of political division, Congress has failed to tackle the rising [[economic inequality]] that has been taking its toll on the nation, curtailing growth. Members of Congress are spending way too much time campaigning and not enough time running the country. She characteristically urged her audience to compromise and to accept that they will not have "a monopoly on all the good ideas."<ref name="Duke">[https://sanford.duke.edu/articles/bipartisanship-still-possible-says-sen-olympia-snowe Bipartisanship Still Possible Says Sen. Olympia Snowe]. Sanford School of Public Policy. Duke University. March 27, 2018.</ref><ref group="note">Grandma is telling you to be humble.</ref>

==Notes==
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==References==
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[[Category:Former United States Senators]]
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]
[[Category:Liberals]]
[[Category:Moderate Republicans]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Categories: Former United States Senators, Former United States Representatives, Liberals, Moderate Republicans, Living people