Mad scientist

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{{cquote|''They '''LAUGHED''' at my theories at the institute! Fools! I'll destroy them all!''|||Origin unknown}}
{{cquote|They say madness runs in our family. Some even call me mad. And why? Because I ''dared'' to dream of my own race of atomic monsters! Atomic supermen with octagonal shaped bodies that suck blood out of yo- *leaves room*|||Professor Farnsworth, ''[[Futurama]]''}}

A '''mad scientist''' is a [[scientist]] who is [[insane]], or at the least very eccentric.  The mad scientist is a stock character who usually appears as a villain; some have claimed this character is increasingly portrayed as a hero.  He is usually working with some utterly fictional technology, either to do his science or to create new technology.  His story is one of several [[anti-science]] narratives, and he is often the butt of a [[cautionary tale]].  

==History==
[[Image:Mad_scientist_caricature.png|thumb|right|A stereotypical Mad Scientist caricature.]]
The [[stereotype]] originated in literary works in the nineteenth century to depict the supposed "[[Scientism|dangers of science]]". The perceived conflict between science and [[religion]] during this period informed the earliest depictions of the [[stereotype]].  The prototypical mad scientist was Victor [[Frankenstein]], creator of Frankenstein's monster, who made his first appearance in 1818, in the novel ''Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus'' by Mary Shelley.  Though Frankenstein is a character of some sympathy in his first appearance, the critical elements of conducting forbidden [[experiment]]s that cross "[[appeal to nature|boundaries that ought not to be crossed]]," heedless of the consequences, are present in Shelley's novel. 

Mad scientists had their heyday in popular culture in the period after [[World War II]].  The [[Nazi experimentation|sadistic medical experiments]] of the [[Nazi]]s and the [[atomic bomb]] gave rise in this period to genuine fears that science and technology had become forces out of control.  Mad scientists frequently figure in [[science fiction]] and [[Films|motion picture]]s from the period (e.g. ''[[Dr. Strangelove]]'').

In more recent years, the mad scientist as a lone searcher of the forbidden unknown has tended to be replaced by mad [[corporate]] executives who plan to profit from defying the laws of nature and humanity; these people hire a salaried scientific staff to pursue their twisted dreams.  The current version of Superman's arch-enemy, Lex Luthor, as originally the head of a mega corporation who plays a leading role in the R&D Department typifies this shift.  Still, the pose has been used whimsically by [[popular science]] writers to attract readers (things are more interesting if they are somehow dangerous).

Mad scientists are typically characterized by obsessive behaviour and the employment of extremely dangerous methods.  Their laboratories often hum with [[Tesla]] coils, Van de Graaff generators, and other electrical oddments that make lots of sparks and pops.  The general rule to follow when you encounter mad scientist experiments is "[[MythBusters|do not attempt this at home]]!"

There is a good deal of overlap between the idea of the mad scientist and that of the evil genius.  Often a mad scientist is also an evil genius (such as Dr. Strangelove), but frequently the mad scientist is simply eccentric or even crazy but without evil intent, such as Dr. Frederick Frankenstein in ''Young Doctor Frankenstein''.

==Common defining characteristics==
*Pursuit of science without regard to its [[ethics|ethical]] implications, such as violating the Nuremberg Code
*Self-experimentation
*Playing [[God]]
*You will almost never see a [http://www.girlgeniusonline.com/comic.php?date=20090506#.VpswkRdCGF8 mad ''social'' scientist], and [http://www.smbc-comics.com/?id=3543 mad sociology] is not real mad science.
*Technically, most Mad Scientists in media [http://www.neatorama.com/2009/01/01/mad-scientists-are-actually-just-mad-engineers/ are actually Mad Engineers]. 

[[Category:Literature]]
[[Category:Science fiction]]
[[Category:Stereotypes]]
[[Category:Horror]]

Categories: Literature, Science fiction, Stereotypes, Horror