Menstruation

[[File:Amra Padatik India.jpg|thumb|right|165px|Amra Padatik India, celebration of Menstrual Hygiene Day]]
{{Biology}}
'''Menstruation''' is the shedding of the inner membrane of the uterus. Most females of certain mammal species, including [[human]]s, undergo the process. Human females experience it roughly (so to speak) once a month from puberty until menopause, except when they are [[pregnant]] or lactating.

==Religion and menstruation ==
Throughout history, most of the world's [[religions]] have been male-centric. Guys write it, generally about guy [[gods]], doing guy things like shooting lightning, [[War|beating each other up]], and generally either running amok or controlling everyone and everything. Women's issues — nay, women themselves — were and are generally ignored, feared, treated like property and rewards, or in the case of the latter, demonized. Or, as for instance with the Greek goddesses, they're made out to be just as bad as the male gods, and often involved in the same manly pursuits of raping, seducing, and smiting.

Prehistoric man is thought to have viewed menstruating women as true power and [[magic]], direct from whatever sense of "god" these people had. A woman bleeds, each month, timed with the [[moon]], and does not get sick or die. She can also create life, seemingly all by herself.{{efn|There is much debate about how soon the role of sex was understood for the creation of babies. Nine months is a long time to associate one act with its outcome, and plenty of time for the link between cause and effect to be blurred. The other side to the argument is that while for us it's nine months, for rabbits, horses, and dogs, it's far sooner. The one accepted fact is that by the time we started the basics of agrarian societies (7000 [[BCE]], give or take), the role of male and female were well understood.}} It was magical and she was honored.{{fact}} Burials from as far back as 70,000 years ago suggest that red ocher was already being associated with blood, and blood with [[life]]. Neolithic people carved and drew goddesses who bled and gave birth. What a wonder Woman was.{{fact}} Until men figured out how unimportant women were (or conversely decided they were too important) and took over religion. In most organized religions, women's menstruation was and is impure, dirty, and best to be avoided.

===Abrahamic religions===
If ever there was evidence that the [[Abrahamic]] [[Holy book]]s were written by men, it's this. As far as the writers of the [[Torah]] and the [[Qur'an]] are concerned, menstruation is a bit… er… yucky. When [[Eve]] was tricked and ate the 
apple
 
pomegranate
 mystery fruit, she and her future generations were cursed by [[God]] and forced to bleed once a month. This blood, then, is the man's reminder not of how dumb he was for simply taking the fruit Eve offered nor how God was ultimately responsible for allowing a talking snake to trick the two and even making the tree in the first place, but how evil and tempting and sinful all women are. The Torah emphasizes this long-ago sin by treating menstruation as something ritually impure and unclean even though it is a natural human process that reasonable people understand is simply part of the reproductive cycle and a sign that the woman is still capable of bearing children. Yet Eve's sin remains. A man cannot have [[sex]] with a menstruating woman without making him unclean; in fact, simply touching one will make a ritually clean man unclean (so if you're both in the mood and you've already touched her, you might as well go ahead with sexytimes). Even sitting where a menstruating woman has sat can make him unclean.<ref>{{Bible|Leviticus|15|19|24}}</ref> And when you are ritually unclean, you cannot approach [[God]], in mind or person.

So strong is the prohibition against touching a menstruating woman that [[Judaism#Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] men try to avoid touching any adult woman, though in crowded places, that may become impossible. As far as [[RationalWiki]] knows, nobody goes so far as to refuse to sit on public seats just in case a menstruating woman has sat on them before.

Menstruation is considered an impurity somehow; after menstruation, a woman must sacrifice two turtle doves or pigeons to God to make amends for her 
fertility
 uncleanness, which isn't fair for either her or the birds. And there is no suggestion of helping the woman out, just stay away because "eww, lady blood icky!"<ref>http://skepticsannotatedbible.com/says_about/menstruation.html</ref><ref>{{bible|Leviticus|15|19|33}}</ref> If she becomes pregnant, giving birth is worse: there must be the same sacrifice but the new mother is unclean for forty days if the child is male, or eighty days if she failed in her primary duty of producing a son, 'cause that's how the Abrahamic religions roll. Women with normal reproductive systems inevitably menstruate or become pregnant so a woman cannot avoid that and it is hard to see how she could be guilty on account of it. Still, the Bronze Age herders and Iron Age farmers who wrote the [[Old Testament]] had no sophisticated ideas of [[moral]] accountability and ensuring that whatever people do, they cannot avoid being at fault over something is a good way of breaking self-confidence and controlling them.

The Qur'an takes a very similar line. Apparently, "It is an illness, so let women alone at such times".<ref>{{quran|2|222}}</ref> Possibly [[Muhammad]]'s wives suffered from PMS/PMT. At least, it is treated a sickness rather than an impurity. It is worth noting that Sura 2, unlike the Torah, reminds men that it is a painful time for women, and they should be left alone and a man should not seek sexual favors at that time. Of course, they are still unclean, in pain or not.

[[Christian fundamentalists]] who say they take every word of the [[Biblical literalism|Bible literally]] find following all that about menstruation far too inconvenient so they just ignore it or assume it doesn't apply to them. Or they didn't actually read all the [[Bible]] or remember those parts, as it is a long and boring piece of work.

===Hindu Yoga===
Oh, what a curse being healthy with The Curse can be. Traditionally, women who are on their periods may not do any "upside down" position during [[yoga]] sessions. Some yogis insist that women not risk such positions (well, they never say what you might risk — but it's a law, and you are to follow it!). Those yogis are most often male, of course, and the rules go back to times when women and men were often isolated in yoga practice. Today, any given website that focuses on yoga will address this issue; some say "do what you want', some stay traditional.

On the other hand, the very last thing most menstruating women want to do is wear a big yellow flag that says "on the rag" to the other participants by saying "Oh gosh, a hand stand, I think I'll sit this out. Downward dog, too? Oh, I need water".

===Shinto===
Menstruation is one of the main bodily functions associated with {{wpl|kegare}} (literally "impurity", generally taken to mean "filth" or "[[Cleanse|uncleanliness]]") in the [[Shinto]] religion, presumably because dumping blood out of one's body for no readily-apparent reason every month is pretty gross. Considering that kegare is ''also'' roughly analogous to the Abrahamic concept of [[sin]], this reeks of unfairness to women.

==Male "menstruation"==
Actually believed to be a thing in many cultures, for rather horrific reasons. {{wpl|Schistosomiasis||,}} also known as bilharzia, is a disease caused by [[Parasite|parasitic]] flatworms that burrow through your skin and migrate to the veins near your urinary tract, where they release their eggs; these eggs normally migrate through the bladder mucosa and are excreted in urine, but they are prone to getting stuck in the bladder and triggering chronic inflammation and bleeding (which, if left untreated, can lead to bladder cancer). It is acquired from wading through any water source inhabited by the snails that act as the parasite's intermediate host, from activities such as fishing, bathing, swimming, farming, and so forth. In many places, this urine-blood was viewed as a rite of passage similar to female menstruation.<ref>[http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her91/91kloosdavid.pdf Human ecology review]</ref> There are even anecdotal cases of families sending their kids to work in sweatshops instead of subsistence agriculture/fishing, and being extremely concerned that their sons didn't "menstruate".

For reference, a quarter '''billion''' people have this disease, and in tropical countries, it is second only to [[malaria]] in impact.

On the small island of Wogeo in [[Papua New Guinea]], there was a ritualized form of male menstruation in which men periodically cut their own glans penis.<ref>''The Island of Menstruating Men: Religion in Wogeo, New Guinea 1st Edition'' by Ian Hogbin (1996) Waveland Press. ISBN 0881338842. Pages 88-89</ref>

==The more modern "myths"==
If you attended high school anytime before the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, you were likely to hear any number of [[myth]]s about "The Curse" and what you should do during it.
*Do not wash your hair while on menses; it will make you go bald.
*Do not bathe until the last day of your menses; you will get dry skin.
*Do not swim; your body cannot handle the pressure.
*Dental fillings will fall out (yes, dentists would routinely ask women if it was "those days").
*Do not have sex during your period. You can get any number of horrors, from diseases to muscle weakness.
*Do not exercise during your period. 1) you are too weak, and 2) it will make you BUTCH.{{efn|I guess this is the flip side to [[gay]] boys not having a strong father figure…}}

There's also a popular [[folklore]] belief that women who live together will eventually find their periods synching up.<ref>[http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2429/does-menstrual-synchrony-really-exist Does menstrual synchrony really exist?], from the Straight Dope in 2002</ref>

==In the real world==
Menstruation is a natural part of a healthy woman's life. She is not dirty. She is not prone to losing her hair. She is able to swim just fine. She doesn't appreciate the ridiculous religious attitudes toward her normal body function nor does she appreciate jokes built on [[stereotypes]] of menstruation.

Being upside down in "downward facing dog" does not harm her, or help her any more than being right side up in "moon salute" does.

She may get a bit grumpy and cranky, and hormonal causes aside, you try cleaning your bloody underwear (which can stain your clothes if you accidentally clean with hot water) and wearing a diaper for 5 days and see how happy you are.

There are no [[medical]] or [[rational]] reasons that sex during menstruation should be avoided. It does get a bit messy, but a towel or two works just fine.

And no matter how good your [[marketing]] scheme is, there is simply no such thing as a "happy period".

==External links==
*[http://skepticsannotatedbible.com/says_about/menstruation.html What the Bible says about Menstruation]
*[http://dwindlinginunbelief.blogspot.com/2007/01/bible-and-quran-agree-stay-away-from.html The Bible and the Quran agree: Stay away from menstruating women]
*[http://www.openbible.info/topics/menstruation Bible Verses about Menstruation]
*On the other hand, [http://pms.about.com/od/myths/a/menstrual_myths.htm a pretty good list debunking many of the myths surrounding this subject]
*[http://iheartguts.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/menstrual-cycle-iheartguts2.jpg A colourful flow diagram]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
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[[Category:Biology]]
[[Category:Religion]]

Categories: Biology, Religion