Environmental Working Group

[[File:Environmental Working Group.svg|thumb|165px|Environmental Working Group logo]]
{{enviro}}
'''Environmental Working Group''', or '''EWG''' for short, is an [[United States|American]] environmental organization, its headquarters in Washington, D.C. The organization focuses on six issues:<ref>http://www.ewg.org/key-issues</ref> consumer products, energy, farming, [[food]], [[water]], and toxics. Their stated mission is "to use the power of public information to protect public health and the environment." When it comes to contamination standards, however, their standards to what is safe does not adhere to any accepted scientific practices.{{efn|One of their methods include taking the strictest standards (even stricter than federal standards), decreasing it even more with no scientific justification whatsoever ("for the children", "the substances will accumulate over time", and "there is no acceptable minimum amount" are ''not'' science-based justifications) and then concluding that the samples they tested are tainted.}} They also constantly demonstrate no understanding of the {{wpl|International Agency for Research on Cancer}}'s substance classifications. Despite this, their findings are frequently shared throughout mainstream media, such as their highly publicized Dirty Dozen.

==Positions==
The EWG has the following positions:
* Opposes [[fracking]] and oil drilling.
* Opposes biofuels, especially corn [[ethanol]], due to biofuel plantations encroaching on wilderness.
* Opposes uranium mining near national parks; does not seem to oppose [[nuclear power]], or such opposition is very low on the priority list.
* Opposes excessive farm subsidies.
* Promotes [[organic food]] while opposing [[genetically modified food]].<ref>http://www.ewg.org/agmag/2013/01/another-environmentalist-apologizes-over-gmos</ref><ref>''Genetic Literacy Project''. [https://geneticliteracyproject.org/glp-facts/environmental-working-group/ Environmental Working Group: Known for scare campaigns, EWG challenges safety of GMOs, food pesticide residues] (July 17, 2018). Retrieved August 20, 2018.</ref>
* Opposes "artificial" [[food dye]]s and relies on the discredited association between food dyes and [[attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder]].<ref>''EWG''. (April 19, 2021) "[https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news-release/calif-health-agency-finds-synthetic-food-dyes-associated-adhd Calif. health agency finds synthetic food dyes associated with ADHD, neurobehavioral problems in kids]". Accessed May 17, 2021.</ref>

==Activities==
===Dirty Dozen list===
Every year, EWG publishes a list of twelve fruits and vegetables with the highest level of pesticide residue, called the "Dirty Dozen". The list is based on data from the Pesticide Program Residue Monitoring of the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA),<ref>[http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Pesticides/UCM2006797.htm U.S. FDA: Residue Monitoring Reports]</ref> which conducts random screening tests of these products every year. The list is always accompanied by recommendations to buy [[organic food]] instead, to avoid the supposed dangers.<ref>http://www.ewg.org/foodnews/</ref>

The methodology by which the Dirty Dozen list is compiled is completely unscientific. For each investigated fruit or vegetable, six indicators of contamination are obtained:
# Percentage of samples with detectable residues.
# Percentage of samples with two or more pesticides detected.
# Average number of pesticides found on a single sample.
# Average amount of all pesticides found.
# Maximum number of pesticides found on a single sample.
# Total number of pesticides found.
None of those indicators reflect possible pesticide intake. There is also no comparison of possible intake with toxicological data on pesticides, such as Acceptable Daily Intake values or the reference dose. Estimates of exposure to pesticides based on the same data are hundreds of times lower than the reference dose, which in turn is a hundred times lower than the dose at which any effects are observable in animal studies.<ref>C. K. Winter, J. M. Katz, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3135239/ Dietary Exposure to Pesticide Residues from Commodities Alleged to Contain the Highest Contamination Levels] ''Journal of Toxicology'' 2011, 589674</ref> In other words, even the "worst" fruits and vegetables on the list are completely safe to eat. Moreover, organic produce is not in fact completely free from pesticides either, and there is less data on it.<ref>Steve Savage: [http://www.science20.com/agricultural_realism/how_wrong_latest_dirty_dozen_list-112342 How Wrong Is The Latest "Dirty Dozen" List?]</ref>

===Superbugs in meat===
In April 2013, EWG issued an alarmist press release which claimed that [[antibiotic resistant bacteria]] are widespread in meat sold in supermarkets.<ref>http://www.ewg.org/release/superbugs-invade-america-s-supermarket-meat</ref> The claim was based on a misinterpretation of data released by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, run by the FDA. In reality, antibiotic resistance did increase in some cases, but all four important pathogenic bacteria remain susceptible to the drugs used to treat them.<ref>[http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/NewsEvents/CVMUpdates/ucm348794.htm FDA Cautions in Interpretation of Antimicrobial Resistance Data]</ref>

===Cell phone radiation scaremongering===
{{main|Microwave}}
EWG disseminates information intended to frighten the users of cell phones.<ref>[http://www.ewg.org/key-issues/consumer-products/cell-phones EWG: Cell Phones]</ref> This is partially based on the World Health Organization's reclassification of cell phone radiation as a "possible human carcinogen". However, this does not mean that evidence of carcinogenicity has been found, only that this risk cannot be ruled out yet.<ref>http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs193/en/index.html</ref> Overall, the evidence indicates that a link between mobile phone use and cancer is unlikely, and the few associations found in studies on humans to data are due to chance.<ref>Cancer Research UK: [http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-info/healthyliving/cancercontroversies/mobilephones/mobile-phones-and-cancer Mobile Phones and Cancer]</ref>

===Glyphosate in cereal===
{{main|Glyphosate}}
On the heels of the California August 2018 lawsuit, where [[Monsanto]]-Bayer had to pay $289 million to a man who claimed that glyphosate gave him cancer{{efn|This is despite the little evidence that it does, as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has no established cause.}}<ref name="Snopes">[https://www.snopes.com/news/2018/08/17/cancer-juries-scientific-certainty-monsanto-roundup-ruling-explained/ Cancer, Juries, and Scientific Certainty: The Monsanto Roundup Ruling Explained: Juries sometimes render verdicts on scientific questions, but that doesn’t mean their verdict is always accepted by the scientific community at large.] by Alex Kasprak (17 August 2018) ''Snopes''.</ref>, the Environmental Working Group has also tried to scare consumers about glyphosate in cereal.<ref>[https://www.ewg.org/childrenshealth/glyphosateincereal/ Breakfast With a Dose of Roundup?] (August 15, 2018). ''Environmental Working Group''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.</ref> The title of the article is ominously titled "Weed Killer in $289 Million Cancer Verdict", citing the court case. This is followed by irresponsible reporting on part by at least the CBS<ref>''CBS News'' (August 15, 2018). [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/glyphosate-roundup-chemical-found-in-childrens-breakfast-foods/ Weed-killing chemical linked to cancer found in some children's breakfast foods]</ref> and TIME<ref>Reisinger, D. (August 16, 2018). [http://time.com/money/5369089/weed-killer-cheerios-quaker-oats/ Roundup Weed Killer Chemical Found in Cheerios and Quaker Oats]. ''TIME''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.</ref> with their scare headlines, repetition of the loaded phrase "weed-killer", citing no scientific authorities, and [[Glyphosate#The_WHO_and_IARC|promoting ignorance of IARC classifications]]. Additionally, court cases are not always accepted by the scientific community as evidence.<ref name="Snopes"/> The EWG is no different in their article, as their report is not published in any credible journal, if any journal.<ref> Fox, M. (August 17, 2018). [https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/weed-killer-your-cereal-maybe-don-t-panic-n901586 Group says weed killer is in your oat-based cereal, but are you really in danger?] ''NBC News''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.</ref> They even go far to promote a conspiracy that "Monsanto knew for decades of the product’s hazards and not only failed to warn customers, but schemed to publicly discredit the evidence." Their own article even links to a thorough explanation of the 2A classification.

Apparently, the EWG found that 43 of 45 of conventional cereal has glyphosate higher than their own standards of what's acceptable for glyphosate concentrations, while every single organically grown has either no glyphosate or glyphosate below their levels. This is again, similar to the above where they conclude that consumers should go organic. Their standards of contamination levels are already problematic (see above), as their own standards are California's standards for contaminants from drinking water (which is stricter than the [[Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]]'s), but "edited" by 10 times the safety factor to accommodate children.<ref>Neal, D. (August 17, 2018). [http://amp.miamiherald.com/living/health-fitness/article216838455.html A pesticide’s active ingredient might be in your kids’ breakfast. Don’t worry about it.] ''Miami Herald''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.</ref><ref>Colemann, R. (August 16, 2018). [https://www.ewg.org/news-and-analysis/2018/08/how-does-ewg-set-health-benchmark-glyphosate-exposure How Does EWG Set a ‘Health Benchmark’ for Glyphosate Exposure?] ''Environmental Working Group''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.</ref> They demonstrate no understanding of [[The dose makes the poison|dose makes the poison]], as one of their justifications for their lower dose is that "it adds up", just like lead, maybe. Their conclusion that a maximum dose can be reached through a single 60-gram serving of food with a glyphosate level of 160 parts per billion, or ppb, which most samples of conventional oat products exceeded, is incorrect and the dose actually falls well below 1/100th the amount of glyphosate California sets for adults and 1/200th for the EPA's standards.

They go on to state that the standards set by the states and federal government aren't reliable. Note that the California state scientists (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment) in the quote ultimately rely on the IARC classification (as per California Proposition 65), so they are not really "cancer findings" by scientists by any stretch.

{{quotebox|But just because something is legal doesn’t mean it’s safe. Federal government standards for pesticides in food are often outdated, not based on the best and most current science. The EPA’s standards for pesticides and other chemicals are also heavily influenced by lobbying from industry.

[[Weasel word|Studies regularly find]] that the legal limits on contaminants in food, air, drinking water and consumer products fall short of fully protecting public health, particularly for children and other people more sensitive to the effects of toxic chemicals. The EPA’s legal limit for glyphosate on oats, 30 parts per million, was set in 2008, well before the cancer findings of the IARC and California state scientists.}}

But their standards, based on the same limits they don't trust and altered for grossly nonscientific reasons, are perfectly fine, apparently.

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{reflist|2|80%}}

[[Category:Environmentalism]]
[[Category:GMO]]
[[Category:Media hysteria]]
[[Category:Pseudoscience promoting organizations]]
[[Category:Food woo promoters]]

Categories: Environmentalism, GMO, Media hysteria, Pseudoscience promoting organizations, Food woo promoters