trentmkelly/rationalwiki huggingface dataset:
American Petroleum Institute

{{DenialismSide||2}}
The '''American Petroleum Institute''' is a [[lobbying]] and public relations firm for the [[oil]] and gas industry, and an ardent [[global warming]] [[denialism]] group. They had supported [[Rick Perry]] in the 2012 Republican primary<ref>[http://thinkprogress.org/green/2011/08/15/295811/rick-perrys-first-stop-in-new-hampshire-is-funded-by-big-oil/?mobile=nc Think Progress: Rick Perry’s First Stop In New Hampshire Is Funded By Big Oil]</ref>, and more recently announced a strong "voter education campaign" in the face of the 2016 election.<ref>[http://www.climatechangenews.com/2016/01/06/oil-lobby-prepares-to-sway-us-presidential-race/ Climate Change News: Oil lobby prepares to sway US presidential race]</ref>

As a sideline they also grade engine oil and set technical standards for the oil industry<ref>http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/en/Terms.aspx?LookIn=term%20name&filter=api</ref>.

== Evidence for API's global warming denialism ==

In a 1998 memo, the API stated that:
{{cquote|Victory Will Be Achieved When:
* [[uncertainty tactic|Average citizens "understand" (recognize) uncertainties in climate science; recognition of uncertainties becomes part of the "conventional wisdom"]]
* Media "understands" (recognizes) uncertainties in climate science
* Media coverage reflects balance on climate science and recognition of the validity of viewpoints that challenge the current "conventional wisdom"
*Industry senior leadership understands uncertainties in climate science, making them stronger ambassadors to those who shape climate policy
*Those promoting the Kyoto treaty on the basis of extent {{sic}} science appears to be out of touch with reality.<Ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170603170257/http://www.euronet.nl/users/e_wesker/ew@shell/API-prop.html</ref>}}

==Educational films== 

In 1958, the animated short subject ''Destination Earth'', made by John Sutherland Productions, was financed by the API. The film was intended to show school kids about the wonders of crude oil and its many by-products. In recent years, clips from this short (which has lapsed into the [[public domain]]) have been used in [[peak oil]] documentaries such as ''The End of Suburbia: Oil Depletion and the Collapse of the American Dream'' (2004)<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0446320/?ref_=fn_al_tt_2 IMDb listing for "The End of Suburbia"</ref>,''Collapse'' (2009)<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1503769/ IMDb listing for "Collapse"</ref> , and ''Anima Mundi'' (2011)<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2275517/?ref_=nm_flmg_slf_1 IMDb listing for "Anima Mundi"</ref>

==External links==
*[http://www.api.org/ Official website]
*[https://archive.org/details/4050_Destination_Earth_01_47_33_28 The animated short ''Destination Earth''] on the Internet Archive (via Prelinger Archive)

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Global warming]]

Categories: Global warming
American Scientific Affiliation

{{crenav}}
The '''American Scientific Affiliation''' is an [[Intelligent design|ID]]/[[Creationism|Creationist]] organisation whose main reference seems to be the [[Bible]].

From their [http://www.asa3.org/ website ''(Fair Use)'']:

{{Cquote|The '''American Scientific Affiliation'''  (ASA) is a fellowship of men and women in [[science]] and disciplines that relate to science who share a common fidelity to the Word of [[God]] and a commitment to integrity in the practice of science. In matters of science and [[Christianity|Christian faith]], we offer Christian scholarship, education, fellowship and service to ASA members, churches, educational institutions, the scientific community, and society.}} 

and:

{{Cquote|What does the ASA believe?

As an organization, the ASA does not take a position when there is honest disagreement between Christians on an issue. We are committed to providing an open forum where controversies can be discussed without fear of unjust condemnation. Legitimate differences of opinion among Christians who have studied both the Bible and science are freely expressed within the Affiliation in a context of Christian love and concern for truth.

Our platform of faith has four important planks:

::1. We accept the divine inspiration, trustworthiness and authority of the Bible in matters of faith and conduct.
::2. We confess the Triune God affirmed in the [[Nicene Creed|Nicene]] and Apostles' creeds which we accept as brief, faithful statements of Christian doctrine based upon Scripture.
::3. We believe that in creating and preserving the universe God has endowed it with contingent order and intelligibility, the basis of scientific investigation.
::4. We recognize our responsibility, as stewards of God's creation, to use science and technology for the good of humanity and the whole world. 

These four statements of faith spell out the distinctive character of the ASA, and we uphold them in every activity and publication of the Affiliation.}}
{{crebox}}
{{stub|Creationism}}
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Misnomers]]
[[Category:Organizations]]

Categories: Creationism, Misnomers, Organizations
American University of Complementary Medicine

{{Altmed}}
'''American University of Complementary Medicine''' is an unaccredited school in Beverly Hills, [[California]] that teaches [[homeopathy]], [[Ayurvedic medicine]], Asian body work and [[traditional Chinese medicine]].

==Legal status== 
AUCM is a legal degree giving-body, and students may be able to practice alternative medicine under strict guidelines within the state of California.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100729155054/https://app.dca.ca.gov/bppe/view-school.asp?schlcode=1926331 American University of Complementary Medicine school detail.] Bureau for Private Post-secondary Education. Archived from the original.</ref> However, because of the lack of accreditation, an employer may not accept their credentials. Most health insurance plans do not cover alternative medicine. In almost every state, in order to even practice the programs mentioned, someone must hold an M.D/D.O. or D.C. degree, as well as being licensed and bonded by the state.

==Degree programs==
===Associates===
*Associates of Arts in Asian Body Work

===Bachelors===
*Bachelors of Arts in [[Holistic health|Holistic Health]]

===Masters===
*Masters of Science in Nutritional Medicine

===Doctoral=== 
*Doctor of [[Ayurvedic medicine|Ayurvedic Medicine]]
*Doctor of [[Homeopathic]] Medicine
*Ph.D. in Ayurvedic Medicine
*Ph.D. in [[TCM|Classical Chinese Medicine]]
*Ph.D. in Homeopathy

==Campus==
There is an actual campus and an actual teaching staff, however most of the staff got their medical degrees outside of the [[United States]] and are not allowed to practice medicine in the United States.

==External links==
*[http://www.aucm.org Official website]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Alternative medicine promoters]]
[[Category:California]]
[[Category:Crank schools]]
[[Category:Pseudoscience promoting organizations]]

Categories: Alternative medicine promoters, California, Crank schools, Pseudoscience promoting organizations
Americans for Prosperity

{{uspolitics}}
'''Americans for Prosperity (AFP)''' is a [[Koch Industries|Koch-funded]] (un)think tank and [[Tea Party movement|Tea Party]]-associated [[Astroturf|astroturf]] group that broke off from the group 
Lobbyists
 Citizens for a Sound Economy (CSE) along with [[FreedomWorks|FreedomWorks]]. They support the typical [[Supply side economics|trickle-down]], no regulations bullshit and dress it up in the language of "limited government," "the Constitution," "liberty," and "prosperity", as every other right-wing (un)think tank does. However, besides their anti-stimulus package campaign, they probably push [[Global warming conspiracy theory|global warming denial]], "smoker's rights," neutering the EPA, and other anti-environmental policies the hardest. On top of this, they oppose network neutrality. They threw large sums of cash at 
Lord
 
3rd Viscount
 Arch-Crank [[Christopher Monckton|Monckton]] to headline their "Hot Air Tour" and led Teabaggers in chants of "[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmN8k1wqg4k Global warming is... bullshit!]" Their favorite activities include blaming Obama for high gas prices and rising cost of food [[hypocrisy|despite being completely silent about those issues in 2007-08 when a Republican was president]]. Recently, they have dedicated themselves to kvetching about anything done to slow the spread of [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19]].<ref> https://theintercept.com/2020/03/26/americans-for-prosperity-cdc-coronavirus/</ref><ref> https://www.cbsnews.com/video/why-the-koch-backed-americans-for-prosperity-opposes-more-coronavirus-aid/ </ref> (Anything for the economy, you see.)

Politifact has never found a statement made by these guys to be more accurate than "Half-True." 

==External links==
*[http://www.americansforprosperity.org/national-site AFP Homepage]<br />
*[http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Americans_for_Prosperity Sourcewatch's Page on AFP]
*[http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/04/us/politics/koch-group-has-ambitions-in-small-races.html?_r=0&pagewanted=all Koch Group Has Ambitions in Small Races] -- ''[[New York Times]]'' story on AFP's efforts to effect the outcomes of small-town political races (November 3, 2013)

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{stub|United States politics}}

[[Category:Denialist organizations]]
[[Category:Kochsphere]]
[[Category:Misnomers]]
[[Category:Right-wing activists]]
[[Category:Tea Party]]
[[Category:Think tanks]]

Categories: Denialist organizations, Kochsphere, Misnomers, Right-wing activists, Tea Party, Think tanks
Amicus curiae

{{title-italics}}
{{law}}
{{cquote|An ''amicus curiae'' brief that brings to the attention of the Court relevant matter not already brought to its attention by the parties may be of considerable help to the Court. An ''amicus curiae'' brief that does not serve this purpose burdens the Court, and its filing is not favored.|||United States Supreme Court Rule 37(1).}}

'''''Amicus curiae''''' is [[Latin]] for "friend of the court."<ref>{{cite book|title=American Government and Politics: Deliberation, Democracy, and Citizenship - No Separate Policy Chapters|publisher=Cengage Learning|author=Joseph Bessette, John Pitney|year = 2013|page=446}}</ref> The term is used for a brief submitted by someone who is not a party to a legal case, but who believes its outcome may affect their interests. There may be a positive correlation between the number of ''amicus curiae'' briefs filed in support of the [[United States Supreme Court]] agreeing to hear an appeal and it actually agreeing to hear such appeals.

The United States Supreme Court and the various Circuit Courts of Appeals permit the filing of ''amicus curiae'' briefs upon the consent of all parties to the case or by leave of court.

The [[American Civil Liberties Union|ACLU]] often submits ''amicus curiae'' briefs in [[civil liberties]] cases.

==''Qui tam''==
A more aggressive version of ''amicus curiae'', a writ of '''qui tam''' (English: "so that") is a suit brought by a private person on behalf of the [[government]]. The person bringing suit, known as the relator, may be awarded a substantial fraction of any damages that are adjudged in the case.

A famous example is the suit filed by materials [[scientist]] and [[engineer]] [[Judy Wood]] in the aftermath of the [[9/11]] tragedy. Wood sued 23 respondents for failing to inform the government that the World Trade Center towers were actually destroyed by a monster [[Scalar wave|directed energy]] weapon, not by the impact of fully loaded and fueled jetliners. The case was dismissed, and Dr. Wood was awarded precisely nothing.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Law]]
[[Category:Latin phrases]]{{stub|law}}

Categories: Law, Latin phrases
Amphibian

{{sources needed}}
[[Image:Pseudotriton_ruber 2.jpg|thumb|right|Frogs generally come to mind when amphibians are mentioned, leaving salamanders like this little guy feeling under-appreciated.]]
'''Amphibians''' (class '''Amphibia''') are cold-blooded vertebrate animals, including frogs, toads, newts, salamanders, and caecilians.  They typically have a semi-aquatic life cycle, laying their eggs in water, which grow from water-breathing young (e.g., tadpoles) to air-breathing adults, though the {{wpl|axolotl|axolotl}} does not undergo this metamorphosis in the wild, with that species resembling the larval stage of a salamander even into adulthood. There is also an entire dimension full of anthropromorphic Amphibians that can be accessed by a magic musicbox{{fact|joke}}<ref group=note>That's an {{wpl|Amphibia (TV series)|Amphibia}} reference mind you.</ref>

==Evolution==
Amphibians [[evolution|evolved]] from lobe-finned fish during the [[Devonian]] period.  See ''[[Tiktaalik]]'' for a probable [[transitional form]] in this evolutionary process.

As the first tetrapods (four-limbed creatures), amphibians are the evolutionary ancestors of [[reptile]]s, which developed from the [[Carboniferous]] period onwards, and hence of [[mammal]]s and [[bird]]s, which evolved from reptiles. [[Creationists]] sometimes claim that there are no transitional forms between reptiles and amphibians, ignoring {{wpl|Diadectidae||.}}

[[File:Amphibious.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|Another well-known amphibian in its natural habitat]]

==See also==
*[[Insect]]
*[[Crustacean]]
*[[Mollusc]]
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

[[category:zoology]][[category:evolution]][[category:animals]]{{stub|evolution}}

Categories: zoology, evolution, animals
Amulet

{{sources needed}}
[[File:Benediktusmedaille.jpg|thumb|right|165px|A talisman of St. Benedict, believed to ward off evil. The mysterious inscription represents ''Vade retro, Satanas'': "[[Sodomy|get thee behind me]], Satan".]]
{{magic}}
{{cquote|Marshmallow power, double me luck!|||Lucky the [[Leprechaun]]}}
'''Amulets''' and '''talismans''' are objects believed to hold [[magic]]al properties, such as bringing good [[luck]], repelling [[evil]], curing illnesses, or attracting the opposite [[sex]]. These amulets were used by keeping near the person or object they were supposed to influence.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/amulet</ref>


==Non-exhaustive list of amulets==
*[[Rabbit's foot|Rabbit's feet]]
*{{wpl|Four-leaf clover|Four-leaf clovers}}
*[[Crystal]]s
*{{wpl|Gemstone|Gemstones|,}} such as {{wpl|amethyst}}<ref group=note>Fun fact: the word "amethyst" literally means "not drunk". Yes, people seriously believed that carrying an amethyst around would let you drink infinite amounts of [[booze]] without getting shitfaced or succumbing to alcohol poisoning.</ref>
*[[Relic]]s
*[[Garlic]]
*{{wpl|Horseshoes}}
*{{wpl|Charmstone|Charmstones}} and holey stones
*Various [[fossil]]s, especially {{wpl|Ammonoidea|ammonites}} and {{wpl|Crinoid|crinoids|.}}

==Non-exhaustive list of talismans==
*[[Crucifix]]
*[[Holy water]]
*{{wpl|Mezuzah||,}} {{wpl|tefillin}}
*[[Rosary]]
*[[Saint Christopher]] medal
*[[Transubstantiation|Consecrated hosts]]
*{{wpl|Penny#Idioms|Lucky penny}}
*[[Turkish]] [[evil eye]] ward, called "{{wpl|Nazar (amulet)|nazar boncuğu}}" in Turkish
*{{wpl|Ofuda}}

==Further reading==
*Gonzalez-Wippler, Migene. ''Complete Book Of Amulets & Talismans''. (Llewellyn, 2001; ISBN 0-87542-287-X).

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

__NOTOC__
[[Category:Magic]]
[[Category:Folklore]]
[[category:Paranormal]]
 {{stub|Paranormal}}

Categories: Magic, Folklore, Paranormal
Ancient Code

{{ufology}}
'''Ancient Code''' is a website containing a host of articles which are mostly [[Pseudoarchaeology|pseudoarchaeological]] and [[Pseudohistory|pseudohistorical]] [[hoax]]es. The site seems to be registered in [[Croatia]].<ref>[http://www.whois.com/whois/ancient-code.com Whois for ancient-code.com]</ref>
One <i>Ivan Petricevic</i> is presented as editor-in-chief<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141015032044/http://www.ancient-code.com/author/ivanpetricevic/ Ivan Petricevic] bio on ancient-code.com</ref>, where he says he also writes for EWAO, Share Knowledge, Svemir Online and Ancient Origins. It is unclear whether he actually believes in the stuff he writes, or if the site is purely an advertising revenue generator.
Some favourite subjects and claims are: 
* [[Ancient astronauts|Ancient astronaut]] theory, where [[alien]]s tampered with [[DNA]] to create [[human]]s
* Ancient electrical equipment<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150502174658/http://www.ancient-code.com/the-enigmalith-a-100000-year-old-electrical-component-found-embedded-in-stone The Enigmalith]</ref>, [[Erich von Däniken|Däniken]]-style, including ''proof'' of a 250 million year old microchip<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150409044530/http://www.ancient-code.com/researchers-find-a-250-million-year-old-microchip-in-russia/ Researchers find a 250 million year old microchip]</ref>
* The Nazca lines of [[Jordan]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151206024302/http://www.ancient-code.com/the-nazca-lines-of-jordan-mysterious-geoglyphs-created-by-an-ancient-civilization-8500-years-ago/ Nazca Lines of Jordan]</ref>, 6500 years older than the [[Peru]]vian [[Nazca lines]].
==External links==
*[http://ancient-code.com/ Ancient Code] website
==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Pseudoarchaeology]]
[[Category:Pseudohistory]]
<!-- probably also:  Pseudoscience -->
[[Category:Websites]]

Categories: Pseudoarchaeology, Pseudohistory, Websites
Andrea Minichiello Williams

{{christianity|1}}
'''Andrea Minichiello Williams''' {{lived|1965}} is a barrister, co-founder of Christian Concern For Our Nation, and, through her role in the Lawyer's Christian Fellowship and Christian Legal Centre, the public face of [[Britain]]'s more fundamentalist religious elements and their quixotic attempts to use the legal system to provide religious exemptions to laws on equality.<ref>[http://www.christianlegalcentre.com/view.php?id=199 Christian Legal Centre] website.</ref> Despite having enough education to be allowed into Britain's ancient legal professions, she is firmly in the [[young earth creationist]] camp, even though she's clever enough to know that admitting as much on camera makes you sound like a complete loon.

She was featured in a ''Dispatches'' documentary which showed the close links she has with various members of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]], especially [[Nadine Dorries]].<ref>[http://www.mediawatchwatch.org.uk/2008/05/20/a-new-dispatches-affair/ A new Dispatches affair?], MediaWatchWatch blog</ref><ref>[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2008/05/20/the-almost-final-indignity/ The (almost) Final Indignity], Ministry of Truth blog</ref> In the programme, Williams is seen to make a number of controversial statements, including claims that the Human Fertilisation bill was 'the work of the devil', that abortion should be illegal, homosexuality is sinful and the world is just 4,000 years old.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/dispatches-making-a-giant-leap-of-faith-830550.html The Independent 'Dispatches: Making a giant leap of faith']</ref><ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1975933/Christian-fundamentalists-fighting-spiritual-battle-in-Parliament.html?pageNum=2 www.telegraph.co.uk - David Modell article published 18 May 2008]</ref>

Williams' Christian Concern group has also organised events under the name "Wilberforce Academy", which has courted controversy as it has used the premises of Oxford University to preach against the "militant homosexual lobby".<ref>[http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/03/30/comment-why-andrea-minichiello-williams-needs-to-be-sent-down-at-oxford/ Comment: Why Christian Concern should be ejected from the University of Oxford], Pink News</ref>

Williams' actions, along with those of [[Stephen Green]], prompted Joel Edwards of the {{wpl|Evangelical Alliance}} to criticise the "eccentric fringe" of British evangelical Christianity when he left the organisation in 2008.<ref>[http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/node/7188 Evangelical leader unhappy with focus on 'eccentric fringe'], Ekklesia</ref>

In 2010, she was elected to the General Synod of the [[Church of England]] for five years.<ref>[http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2010/10/17/andrea-minichiello-williams-elected-to-general-synod/ Anglican Mainstream blog]</ref> The elevation from 'eccentric fringe' to mainstream Anglicanism is complete.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Andra Minichiello}}
[[Category:British people]]
[[Category:Creationists]]
[[Category:Lawyers]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Categories: British people, Creationists, Lawyers, Living people
Andrej Janco (slovensky)

{{hatnote|This article is written in Slovakian.}}

Košický diabetológ, prezident Slovenskej lekárskej únie špecialistov, popletený antivaxer a konšpirátor. Podľa pána doktora sú cukrovka a rakovina vymyslené choroby, život zachraňujúce vakcíny sú preňho holokaust (teda masové vraždenie), zdieľa články z [[Bádateľ|Bádateľa]], InfoWars, S4 illumináti, verí na [[chemtrails]], či konšpirácie o úmyselnom potopení Titanicu.<ref>[https://dennikn.sk/blog/713698/agenti-plateni-trollovia-a-uzitocni-idioti-bojujuci-na-bojiskach-hybridnej-vojny/ Agenti, platení trollovia a užitoční idioti bojujúci na bojiskách hybridnej vojny], Ján Benčík, Blog Denníka N, 26.3.2017</ref>
<ref>[https://domov.sme.sk/c/20484271/chemtrails-su-hoax-aj-ked-ich-siri-lekar.html Chemtrails sú hoax. Aj keď ich šíri lekár], Daniel Hoťka, SME, 15.3.2017</ref>

<gallery caption="''Odborné'' názory pána doktora">

File:Janco-27.5.15.jpg|Podľa doktora Janca sú cukrovka či rakovina vymyslené.
File:Antivax-sp-1000x444.jpg|Zdieľa antivaxera [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr. Kennedyho], stiahnutú, miliónkrát vyvrátenú a podvodnú Wakefieldovu štúdiu a za dobrý zdroj považuje Bádateľa, kde sa dozviete mimo iné, ako vyliečiť (vymyslenú?) rakovinu pomocou mrazených citrónov, (nemrazených) broskýň, pozitívnymi myšlienkami a ďalšími mocnými zbraňami modernej medicíny.
File:Kotl-a-Gates-sp-1000x460.jpg|Byť proti nestačí - treba používať slová ako genocída, holokaust. Samozrejme, hoax o Billovi Gatesovi nesmie chýbať. Mimochodom, tie statusy sú z roku 2017. Netýkajú sa nových protikovidových, ale starých, vekom overených vakcín.
File:2431508625x.png|Testovacie lietadlá s nádržami s vodou namiesto pasažierov. Pre Janca je to dôkaz, že nás niekto práškuje.
File:Screenshot 20210904 141041.png|Všetko je inak, ako si myslíte... Napríklad Titanic sa nepotopil kvôli tomu, že by narazil do ľadovca - všetko bolo naplánované!
</gallery>


Počas [[COVID-19_pandemic|pandémie COVID-19]] tohto šarlatána pozvali do TA3, kde šíril klamstvá o vakcínach ako génovej terapii, zmene DNA, či o neplodnosti. [https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=374218707590392&id=111884570490475] Maduar a iniciatíva Hovorme spolu by ho rada videla aj v RTVS [https://www.hovormespolu.eu/otvoreny-list-vedeniu-rtvs.html].<ref>[https://dennikn.sk/2523185/o-ockovani-proti-covidu-opakovane-siria-nepravdy-fact-check-vyjadreni-lekarov-lakotu-a-janca-v-spravach-rtvs/?ref=tit O očkovaní proti covidu opakovane šíria nepravdy. Fact-check vyjadrení lekárov Lakotu a Janca v Správach RTVS], Otakar Horák, Denník N, 3.9.2021</ref>

==Referencie==
{{reflist|1|80%}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Janco, Andrej}}
[[Category:Anti-vaccination movement]]
[[Category:Conspiracy theorists]]

[[Category:Pseudoscience]]
[[Category:Slovensky]]

Categories: Anti-vaccination movement, Conspiracy theorists, Pseudoscience, Slovensky