Joseph Mercola

{{cquote|Joseph Mercola is among the top misinformation vectors of our time when it comes to health, medicine, food, parenting, and more. He promotes chemophobia and spreads fear of chemicals, GMOs, and vaccines, all while peddling alternatives to line his pockets.|||Kavin Senapathy<ref name="Ringer">https://www.theringer.com/2017/1/5/16041098/dr-joseph-mercola-natural-health-website-bc1ac5e6ebc</ref>}}
[[File:Dr. Mercola - International Vaccine Conference 2009 Speech.jpg|thumb|right|165px|Mercola 
[[Anti-vaccination_movement|injecting himself into]]
 interjecting at the 2009 International [anti-]Vaccine Conference.]]
{{altmed}}
'''Joseph Mercola''' {{lived|1954}} is an [[American]] [[anti-vaxxer]], [[conspiracy theorist]], [[pseudoscience]] promoter and absolute [[quack]], best known for making false and misleading health claims.<ref name="Ringer"/><ref>[https://www.quackwatch.org/11Ind/mercola.html Dr. Joseph Mercola Ordered to Stop Illegal Claims]</ref><ref>[https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/9-reasons-to-completely-ignore-joseph-mercola-and-natural-news/ 9 Reasons to Completely Ignore Joseph Mercola]</ref> Mercola, an [[Osteopathy|osteopathic]] physician, is a popular [[guru]] of [[alternative medicine]] and [[naturopathy]].<ref>[http://www.mercola.com/forms/background.htm About Dr. Mercola]</ref> He is a member of the [[right-wing]] quack outfit [[Association of American Physicians and Surgeons]].

Mercola advocates and provides a forum for many classic [[crank]] medical ideas, such as [[vaccine hysteria]] and the belief that modern (sorry, "[[allopathic]]") medicine kills more people than it helps. His [[webshite|website]] is a veritable spring of [[pseudoscience]], [[quack]]ery, and [[logical fallacy|logical fallacies]]. He is also a promoter of the idea of an AMA/[[Big Pharma]]/[[FDA]] [[conspiracy]].

Despite his claim that unlike other doctors, he is not interested in profit,<ref>[http://www.mercola.com/forms/background.htm Dr. Joseph Mercola's Qualifications] "But clinical trials conducted by heavily biased "researchers," advertisements, and news stories carefully scripted to scare you into belief, highly polished corporate offices and corporate websites, and an extreme focus on whatever has the most profit potential – not lifesaving or life-enhancing potential – are not qualifications. They are scams."</ref> he advertises all manner of unproven products, and has a health center that dispenses alternative medicine for a steep price.

Mercola funds 40% of the budget of the anti-vaccination National Vaccine Information Center's budget.<ref name=satija>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/2019/10/15/fdc01078-c29c-11e9-b5e4-54aa56d5b7ce_story.html A major funder of the anti-vaccine movement has made millions selling natural health products] by Neena Satija & Lena H. Sun (Dec. 20, 2019 at 8:15 a.m. PST) ''The Washington Post''.</ref> He had previously promoted the false idea that [[Vitamin C]] and [[Vitamin D]] could prevent measles, and not coincidentally his top sales products are supplements.<ref name=satija/> Despite claiming to follow a [[ketogenic diet]] for four decades, Mercola announced in 2023 that it has ruined his health and he needs to add more carbs to his diet. He is currently a supporter of [[Ray Peat]]'s fad diet and is promoting the pseudoscientific idea that linoleic acid in vegetable oils is the cause of all chronic disease.

==Diet==

Mercola has promoted many different [[low-carb]] fad diets. Mercola and [[James DiNicolantonio]] advocate the pseudoscientific oxidized linoleic acid hypothesis of coronary heart disease. In 2018, Mercola co-authored a book with DiNicolantonio ''Superfuel: Ketogenic Keys to Unlock the Secrets of Good Fats, Bad Fats, and Great Health'', published by [[Hay House]].<ref>[https://www.hayhouse.co.uk/superfuel-audiodownload Superfuel: Ketogenic Keys to Unlock the Secrets of Good Fats, Bad Fats, and Great Health]</ref>

In 2022, Mercola was supportive of the [[carnivore diet]] and interviewed his friend [[Shawn Baker]].<ref>[https://player.fm/series/dr-joseph-mercola-take-control-of-your-health-1582679/the-carnivore-diet-discussion-between-dr-shawn-baker-dr-mercola The Carnivore Diet - Discussion Between Dr. Shawn Baker & Dr. Mercola]</ref> Mercola supports the carnivore diet as he claims it is "really low in omega-6 fats, which is a primary driver of chronic disease."<ref>https://www.instagram.com/reel/CoDUyBTAM0h/</ref>

In 2023, Mercola announced that he is quitting the [[ketogenic diet]] as it had ruined his health. However, he later removed his public announcement and his articles and videos about this from the internet.<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/ketoduped/comments/147rj2o/why_i_quit_the_keto_diet_dr_mercola/ Why I Quit the Keto Diet]</ref> Despite claiming to have quit the diet, Mercola has authored several books on the ketogenic diet which he has not denounced and he continues to sell ketogenic supplements.

In June 2023, he appeared in a video "Why You May Need More Carbs in Your Diet" with [[Ray Peat]] follower Georgi Dinkov.<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/SaturatedFat/comments/1488kl6/mercola_is_now_a_ray_peat_follower/ Mercola is now a Ray Peat follower]</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyE7kP8NrBI Why You May Need More Carbs in Your Diet - Interview with Georgi Dinkov (Dr Ray Peat) by Dr Mercola]</ref> Mercola is now a supporter of Ray Peat's diet.<ref>[https://app.podscribe.ai/episode/87381801 Crucial Facts About Your Metabolism - Discussion Between Georgi Dinkov & Dr. Mercola]</ref> It is clear that Mercola goes from fad to fad.

===Oxidized linoleic acid hypothesis===

Mercola supports the pseudoscientific [[oxidized linoleic acid hypothesis]] of [[James DiNicolantonio]]. In a 2023 paper Mercola stated that linoleic acid from vegetable oil intake increases risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity and dementia.<ref name="Mercola 2023">[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10386285/ Linoleic Acid: A Narrative Review of the Effects of Increased Intake in the Standard American Diet and Associations with Chronic Disease]. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.</ref> He supported this claim with no clinical trial or long-term epidemiological data. In reality, linoleic acid decreases all of the chronic diseases he listed. For example, higher linoleic acid intake is associated with a decreased risk of major cardiovascular events, type 2-diabetes and a lower risk of mortality from all causes, CVD, and cancer. <ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Li |first1=Jun|last2=Guasch-Ferré |first2=Marta|last3=Li |first3=Yanping|last4=Hu |first4=Frank B.|year=2020|title=Dietary intake and biomarkers of linoleic acid and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies|journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition|volume=112|issue=1|pages=150–167|pmid= 32020162|doi=10.1093/ajcn/nqz349|pmc=7326588}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Marangoni |first1=Franca|last2=Agostoni|first2=Carlo|last3=Borghi |first3=Claudio|last4=Catapano |first4=Alberico L.|last5=Cena |first5=Hellas|last6=Ghiselli |first6=Andrea|last7=La Vecchia |first7=Carlo|last8=Lercker |first8=Giovanni|last9=Manzato |first9=Enzo|last10=Pirillo |first10=Angela|last11=Riccardi |first11=Gabriele|last12=Risé |first12=Patrizia|last13=Visioli |first13=Francesco|last14=Poli |first14=Andrea|year=2020|title=Dietary linoleic acid and human health: Focus on cardiovascular and cardiometabolic effects|journal=Atherosclerosis|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021915019315758|volume=292|issue=|pages=90 98|doi=10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.11.018|pmid=31785494|s2cid=208516015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Mousavi |first1=Seyed Mohammad|last2=Jalilpiran |first2=Yahya|last3=Karimi |first3=Elmira|last4=Aune |first4=Dagfinn|last5=Larijani |first5=Bagher|last6=Mozaffarian |first6=Dariush|last7=Willett |first7=Walter C.|last8=Esmaillzadeh |first8=Ahmad|year=2021|title=Dietary Intake of Linoleic Acid, Its Concentrations, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies|journal=Diabetes Care|volume=44|issue=9|pages=2173–2181|doi=10.2337/dc21-0438|pmid=34417277|s2cid=237255109
|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Marklund M, Wu JHY, Imamura F, Del Gobbo LC, Fretts A, de Goede J, Shi P, Tintle N, Wennberg M, Aslibekyan S, Chen TA, de Oliveira Otto MC, Hirakawa Y, Eriksen HH, Kröger J, Laguzzi F, Lankinen M, Murphy RA, Prem K, Samieri C, Virtanen J, Wood AC, Wong K, Yang WS, Zhou X, Baylin A, Boer JMA, Brouwer IA, Campos H, Chaves PHM, Chien KL, de Faire U, Djoussé L, Eiriksdottir G, El-Abbadi N, Forouhi NG, Michael Gaziano J, Geleijnse JM, Gigante B, Giles G, Guallar E, Gudnason V, Harris T, Harris WS, Helmer C, Hellenius ML, Hodge A, Hu FB, Jacques PF, Jansson JH, Kalsbeek A, Khaw KT, Koh WP, Laakso M, Leander K, Lin HJ, Lind L, Luben R, Luo J, McKnight B, Mursu J, Ninomiya T, Overvad K, Psaty BM, Rimm E, Schulze MB, Siscovick D, Skjelbo Nielsen M, Smith AV, Steffen BT, Steffen L, Sun Q, Sundström J, Tsai MY, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Uusitupa MIJ, van Dam RM, Veenstra J, Monique Verschuren WM, Wareham N, Willett W, Woodward M, Yuan JM, Micha R, Lemaitre RN, Mozaffarian D, Risérus U|year=2019|title=Biomarkers of Dietary Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 30 Cohort Studies|journal=Circulation|url=https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038908|volume=139|issue=21|pages=2422-2436|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038908|pmid=30971107}}</ref> Mercola doesn't refer to any of this evidence.

Mercola ignores the {{wpl|Bradford Hill criteria}} and how evidence-based medicine works. Instead of citing meta-analyses of clinical trials or consistent results from long-term epidemiological studies, he cites animal model and mechanistic studies which are not considered high-quality evidence. For example, ''in vitro'' and animal model findings do not translate consistently into clinical effects in humans and should not be used to make statements about causation. Mercola states that "Canola oil, in particular, has been linked to Alzheimer’s".<ref name="Mercola 2023"/> His evidence for this claim is a single mouse study.<ref>[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5719422/ Effect of canola oil consumption on memory, synapse and neuropathology in the triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease]. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.</ref>

==Issues==
In addition to the aforementioned issues, Mercola promotes various disproved crank health ideas such as:
*[http://v.mercola.com/blogs/public_blog/Toxic-Metals--The-Reason-You-Still-Feel-Sick-65341.aspx Toxic metals] in vaccines and [[dental woo|dental fillings]]. The idea of heavy metal poisoning as being responsible for many common health problems is a popular one, and completely wrong.  The studies of [[mercury]] in dental amalgams and vaccines are conclusive – there is no danger (which is more than can be said for the unnecessary [[chelation therapy]] that [[quack]]s prescribe to fix the "problem").<ref>Somewhat ironic that he got on the anti-mercury bandwagon, considering that his last name kind of sounds like mercury.</ref>
*[[Statin denialism]], Mercola claims that statins are harmful and that 99% of people do not need them. He says they cause birth defects if taken during pregnancy and increase the risk of diseases.<ref>[https://www.csicop.org/si/show/statin_denialism Statin Denialism]</ref><ref>https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2020/01/29/statin-devastating-effects-on-brain.aspx</ref> This one is particularly horrible, as few medications or interventions have been found to be as safe and effective as statins. Failing to prescribe a statin to someone with coronary artery disease is very much against the standard of care (meaning that it could be construed as malpractice).
*[http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2010/05/18/microwave-hazards.aspx Microwaves "kill nutrients in food."] No more than ovens do.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/17/health/17real.html The Claim: Microwave Ovens Kill Nutrients in Food], ''[[New York Times]]''</ref>
*Modern medicine kills you dead, but [[homeopathy]] works! ([[Fractal wrongness]]).
*[[HIV denial|HIV doesn't cause AIDS]] and death from HIV is due to the "psychological stress" of having the condition. But he has a cure!
* [[GMO]]s are every bit as harmful as excessive sugar and processed food.<ref>http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2014/01/28/gma-evil-corporation.aspx</ref>
* [[Eyeglasses denial]]<ref>http://www.mercola.com/Downloads/bonus/2020vision/report.htm</ref>, which is as pointless and harmful as it sounds.
*Seriously, just pick a scientifically unsupported concern out of a hat, anything from [[aspartame]] to [[water fluoridation]].
* Magnesium woo, he is supportive of the crackpot ideas of [[Carolyn Dean]].<ref>[https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2013/12/08/magnesium-health-benefits.aspx Magnesium—The Missing Link to Better Health].</ref>
*Promoting misinformation about linoleic acid from vegetable oils which he claims is driving chronic disease.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37513547/ Linoleic Acid: A Narrative Review of the Effects of Increased Intake in the Standard American Diet and Associations with Chronic Disease]</ref> There is no evidence to support this as shown above.

==COVID-19==
{{main|COVID-19 pandemic}}
In March 2021, the {{wpl|Center for Countering Digital Hate}} published a list of twelve individuals entitled the "disinformation dozen", e.g. the individuals most responsible for spreading anti-vaccination misinformation online. <ref>[https://www.counterhate.com/disinformationdozen "The Disinformation Dozen: Why platforms must act on twelve leading online anti-vaxxers"], Center for Countering Digital Hate, 24 March 2021</ref> Topping the list was Joseph Mercola, who by July 2021 had published more than 600 articles on [[Facebook]] that cast doubt on COVID-19 vaccines since the start of the pandemic. <ref>[https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/the-most-influential-spreader-of-coronavirus-misinformation-online/ "The most influential spreader of coronavirus misinformation online"] by Sheera Frenkel, New York Times, 2021 July 24, mirrored at the Seattle Times</ref> 

On April 29, 2021, Mercola published a book entitled ''The Truth About COVID-19'', in collaboration with noted medical woo pusher [[Organic Consumers Association|Ronnie Cummings]], and with a forward from notable anti-vaccination pusher [[Robert F. Kennedy Jr.]] Depressingly, on July 24 2021, this book was listed as the #1 best seller in the Kindle "Preventive Medicine" category on {{wpl|Amazon (company)|Amazon}}, <ref>[https://archive.ph/3OIiU "Amazon Best Sellers: Best Sellers in Preventitive Medicine"], archived on 25 Jul 2021 02:14:49 UTC</ref> in spite of the book being a massive pile of [[bullshit]] [[conspiracy theories]] mixed in with unproven and disproven "treatments" (that happen to coincide with some of the [[supplements]] that Mercola sells). <ref name="mcgillpandemic">[https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/covid-19-health-pseudoscience/upside-down-doctor "The Upside-Down Doctor Joe Mercola is a doctor at war with medicine. His take on the pandemic is a lucrative, conspiratorial fever dream"] by Jonathan Jarry, McGill Office for Science and Society, 2021 June 4</ref> Mercola also endorsed (via an Amazon editorial review) a "behind-the-scenes" novelized account of the bullshit non-documentary ''[[Plandemic]]''. <ref>[https://www.vice.com/en/article/jg8vdp/amazon-is-selling-a-bogus-plandemic-covid-conspiracy-book-in-its-science-section "Amazon Is Selling a Bogus ‘Plandemic’ COVID Conspiracy Book in Its ‘Science’ Section"] by David Gilbert, Vice, 2021 July 6</ref>.

In a win for science, On September 29, 2021, Mercola (along with Kennedy) was booted off [[YouTube]] for being a prominent spreader of anti-vaccination [[bullshit]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/29/technology/youtube-anti-vaxx-ban.html "YouTube bans all anti-vaccine misinformation"] by Davey Alba, New York Times, September 29 2021</ref>

==Trouble with regulatory committees==
Mercola has received two warnings from the [[FDA]] for hyping [[coconut oil]], [[chlorella]], and the Living Fuel Rx<sup>TM</sup> diet.<ref> [https://web.archive.org/web/20050316193713/http://www.casewatch.org/fdawarning/prod/2005/mercola.shtml FDA warning, Feb. 16, 2005]</ref><ref>[https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112201744/http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/EnforcementActions/WarningLetters/2006/ucm076069.htm FDA warning, Sep. 21, 2006]</ref> He received a third warning for selling infrared cameras that he claimed could be used to diagnose a number of illnesses.<ref>[https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112094004/http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/EnforcementActions/WarningLetters/2011/ucm250701.htm FDA warning, Mar. 22, 2011]</ref>

On February 18, 2021, Mercola received yet ''another'' warning from the FDA. This time, the warning was for Mercola promoting [[Vitamin_and_mineral_supplements#Vitamin_C|vitamin C]] and [[vitamin D]] as a COVID-19 cure on his supplements website, as well as promoting {{wpl|quercetin}} (a {{wpl|flavonoid}} that, like the aforementioned vitamins, is present in many fruits and vegetables) as a cure for [[COVID-19]].<ref>[https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/mercolacom-llc-607133-02182021 Warning Letter: Mercola.com, LLC, MARCS-CMS 607133, issued by the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2021 February 18]</ref> (The quercetin-cures-COVID [[bullshit]] claim, uncoincidentally, happens to also be promoted in Mercola's depressingly best-selling ''Truth About COVID-19'' book). <ref name="mcgillpandemic"/>

In addition, in April 2016, Mercola was forced to settle with the {{wpl|Federal Trade Commission}} for false advertising, due to Mercola selling tanning beds that he claimed not only didn't cause cancer, but somehow actively reduced the chances of getting it. Because this claim was 100% [[bullshit]], Mercola was forced to pay refunds to his customers and leave the tanning bed business. <ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-sunbed-doc-settles-0415-biz-20160414-story.html "Accused by feds, sun bed-selling doctor settles for up to $5.3 million"] by Kim Janssen, Chicago Tribune, 2016 April 14</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180123161319/https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/blog/2016/04/burning-truth-about-indoor-tanning "The burning truth about indoor tanning"] by Seena Gressin, Attorney, Division of Consumer and Business Education, FTC, 2016 April 14</ref>

This all came to a head in August 2021, when Mercola announced that he'd be wiping much of his old article archives and deleting new articles after a 48-hour period, claiming that President Biden had "targeted [him] as his primary obstacle that must be removed."<ref>[https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/a-top-spreader-of-coronavirus-misinformation-says-he-will-delete-his-posts-after-48-hours/ A top spreader of coronavirus misinformation says he will delete his posts after 48 hours,] by Davey Alba (04 August 2021) ''The New York Times'' via ''The Seattle Times''.</ref>

==Birds of a feather…==
In what can only be termed a alternative medicine practitioner group hug, Mercola has recently come to the defense of [[Burzynski Clinic|the Burzynski Clinic]] despite the obvious pitfalls of doing so.<ref>[http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2013/01/21/quoth-joe-mercola-i-love-me-some-burzynski-antineoplastons/ Quoth Joe Mercola: I love me some Burzynski antineoplastons,] Respectful Insolence</ref>

==See also==
*[[Megavitamin therapy]] &mdash; for some of Mercola's products that exceed the maximum recommended daily dose

==External links==
*[http://mercola.com mercola.com]
*[http://www.quackwatch.com/11Ind/mercola.html FDA Orders Mercola to Stop Illegal Claims], [[Quackwatch]]
*[http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/index.php/9-reasons-to-completely-ignore-joseph-mercola-and-natural-news/ 9 Reasons to Completely Ignore Joseph Mercola], Science-Based Medicine
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100923140636/http://www.merseysideskeptics.org.uk/2010/08/joseph-mercola-and-the-town-of-allopath/ Joseph Mercola and the Town of Allopath], Merseyside Skeptics
*[https://vimeo.com/112418535#t=37s Joseph Mercola and winged-monkeys], A pet-care video from Mercola.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090223100932/http://scienceblogs.com/denialism/2008/08/mercola_still_lying.php Mercola – Still Lying After All These Years], Denialism blog
*''Respectful Insolence'' has an entire catalog of Mercola's adventures in Woo generation:
**[https://web.archive.org/web/20091226042855/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2009/12/mercola_sells_the_delusion_of_homeopathy.php Mercola Sells the Delusion of Homeopathy]
**[https://web.archive.org/web/20100605170953/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2010/06/mercola_and_raw_milk_faddism_invade_huff.php Joe Mercola and Raw Milk Faddism Invade HuffPo]
**[https://web.archive.org/web/20100725202337/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2010/07/joe_mercolas_shampoo_woo.php Joe Mercola's Shampoo Woo]
**[https://web.archive.org/web/20110714055618/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2011/07/joe_mercola_plays_the_religion_card_agai.php Joe Mercola Plays the Religion Card Against Vaccines]
**[http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/02/01/joe-mercola-proof-positive-that-quackery/ Joe Mercola: Proof positive that quackery sells]
**[http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/07/31/mercola-attacks-vaccinations-again/ Joe Mercola attacks vaccinations again. Film at 11.]
**[http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/08/03/15-years-of-promoting-quackery/ Joe Mercola: 15 years of promoting quackery.]

==References==
{{reflist|2|80%}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mercola, Joseph}}
[[Category:ADHD denialists]]
[[Category:Anti-vaccination movement]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine promoters]]
[[Category:Cholesterol and statin denialists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Low-carb fanatics]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Megavitamin therapy promoters]]
[[Category:Physicians]]
[[Category:Pseudoscience promoters]]

Categories: ADHD denialists, Anti-vaccination movement, Alternative medicine, Alternative medicine promoters, Cholesterol and statin denialists, Living people, Low-carb fanatics, Medicine, Megavitamin therapy promoters, Physicians, Pseudoscience promoters