Qasem Soleimani

[[File:Sardar_Qasem_Soleimani-01.jpg|thumb|right|163px|Qasem seen here holding Solid Snake for ransom.]]{{islam}}
'''Qasem Soleimani''' also '''Qassem Suleimani''' {{lived|1957|2020}} was the major general and head of the paramilitary [[Iran]]ian Quds Force (Jerusalem Force). Suleimani reported directly to the Iranian [[Dictatorship|Supreme Leader]] and Commander-in-Chief, Ayatollah [[Ali Khamenei]]. Soleimani was camera-shy and only showed up in Iranian media during war speeches and news reports before his death.  Nevertheless, he was the most powerful Iranian in the Middle East, and many people saw him as the ''de facto'' benefactor of {{wpl|Nouri al-Maliki}} and {{wpl|Haider al-Abadi}} in [[Iraq]], along with [[Bashar al-Assad]] in [[Syria]].<ref>https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/commentaryanalysis/560611-abadi-is-an-iranian-victory</ref>

Soleimani was named on U.S. Treasury Department and [[United Nations]] Security Council watch lists for his alleged involvement in [[terrorism]] and the proliferation of [[Nuclear war|nuclear]] and missile technologies.<ref>The AL-QA’IDA - QODS FORCE NEXUS, Michael S. Smith II, Kronos, 29 April 2011, [http://www.kronosadvisory.com/Kronos_AQ_QF_Nexus_REDACTED.pdf p. 9].</ref>

==Early career==
[[File:Young Soleimani.jpg|thumb|right|275px|Young Qasem Soleimani (on the right) as Commander of 41st IRGC Sarollah Division during the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s.]]
Soleimani joined the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corp (IRCG) in 1979. He participated in suppressing the {{wpl|1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran|1979 Iranian Kurdish rebellion}}. During the 1980-1988 [[Iran-Iraq War]] he was sent to the front very early to transport water, however by the end of the war he was commander of 41<sup>st</sup> Sarollah Division. After the war he returned to his home territory in eastern Iran, along the Afghan border, to combat narcotics traffickers.<ref>Sistan va Balouchestan and Soleimani's home Kerman Province.</ref> The areas are impoverished and dominated by minority [[Sunni]], and have always been difficult for the central Tehran government to control.{{fact}} Having earned a reputation for cleaning the place up, he was promoted to head the Iranian Quds Force in 1998.{{fact}}

==War with America in Afghanistan and Iraq==
Suleimani has been the point man for Iran's [[Iraq]]i policy and operations since 2003 with authority second only to the Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.<ref>http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:gDsyohS7nh0J:https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/commentaryanalysis/560611-abadi-is-an-iranian-victory+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us</ref> Soleimani was granted power to employed the full range of diplomatic, security, intelligence, and economic tools to shape a more pro-Iranian regime in Baghdad.

In early 2008, the Iraqi President, Jalal Talabani, handed a cell phone with a text message to {{wpl|CENTCOM}} commander  and later [[CIA]] Director {{wpl|David Petraeus||.}}
{{cquote|Dear General Petraeus, you should know that I, Qassem Suleimani, control the policy for Iran with respect to Iraq, [[Lebanon]], Gaza and [[Afghanistan]]. And indeed, the ambassador in Baghdad is a Quds Force member. The individual who’s going to replace him is a Quds Force member.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nast |first1=Condé |title=The Shadow Commander |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/09/30/the-shadow-commander?currentPage=all |website=The New Yorker |date=23 September 2013}}</ref>}}

Following the Iraqi regime's crackdown on Iranian-supported Sadrist militias in Basra in March 2008, Iran recalibrated its operations in Iraq to encompass more "soft power" (economic, religious, educational) support and investment as part of a broader "hearts and minds" campaign.

==War with Saudi Arabia==
Qasem Soleimani oversaw the Quds Force operatives who plotted the {{wpl|2011_alleged_Iran_assassination_plot#Charges_announced|assassination of the Saudi Arabian Ambassador}} to the United States, Adel Al-Jubeir, in the United States in 2011.

==Syrian War==
Solemeini was designated in May 2011 pursuant to [[Obama]] administration Executive Order 13572, targeting [[human rights]] abuses in [[Syria]], for his role as the Commander of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps-Quds Force, the primary conduit for Iran's support to the Syrian General Intelligence Directorate (GID).<ref>http://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/tg1181.aspx</ref>

==Gaza conflict==
During the {{wpl|2014 Israel–Gaza conflict|Gaza conflict}} Soleimani issued a rare public, almost poetic, statement in support of [[Hamas]], saying
{{Cquote|God damn any oppressor who defended and defends [[Israel|this criminal regime]]. They defended and do defend them, especially the leader of this global tyranny, America.<ref>{{cite news |title=Qasem Soleimani says disarming Gaza resistance is wrong - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East |url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/07/quds-force-commander-none-can-disarm-gaza-resistance.html |work=www.al-monitor.com |language=en}}</ref>}}

==War with DAESH==
{{main|DAESH}}
After the fall of Mosul in June 2014, Iraqi Premier Nouri al-Malaki asked Soleimani to take command of what was left of the Iraqi National Army in addition to the proxy militias Soleimani already was commanding in Iraq.<ref>http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/19/iraq-maliki-us-strikes-air-isis-sunni </ref>

Suleimani was reported injured in December 2014 in combat with DAESH, although official Iranian news outlets denied this. In March 2015 he led the effort to retake the city of Tikrit from DAESH occupation.<ref>http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/03/iranian-general-at-the-forefront-of-the-tikrit-offensive.php?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+LongWarJournalSiteWide+%28The+Long+War+Journal+%28Site-Wide%29%29</ref>

==Death==
Suleimani was assassinated in an airstrike by the United States on January 3, 2020, apparently while he was going to a meeting with the Iraqi PM. This was designed to be a direct potshot against Iran, and was tantamount to a declaration of war on the part of the United States. Ironically enough, this may have ended up pushing Iraq into Tehran's arms as the Iraqi Parliament recently voted to kick American troops out of the country, and the Iraqi PM called this a "breach of Iraqi sovereignty," which, to be fair, it totally was.<ref>"[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/03/world/middleeast/us-iraq.html Iraq reconsiders relationship with US]" - ''[[New York Times]]''</ref> (not that 'MURICA cares about that sort of thing...)

==References==
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{{stub|Islam}}
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[[Category:Authoritarianism]]
[[Category:Iranians]]
[[Category:Military]]
[[Category:Muslims]]
[[Category:Iranian politicians]]

Categories: Authoritarianism, Iranians, Military, Muslims, Iranian politicians