torre126/tornado-structure-data huggingface dataset:
Episode narrative: Long duration severe weather event across the northeast plains, and most of the Denver metropolitan area beginning during the early afternoon hours.   Scores of  tornadoes occurred across Washington and Logan counties.  Several rounds of hail across the Denver metro, with ping pong ball sized hail in downtown, larger hail up to 2 inches in diameter at concert in Red Rocks Amphitheatre.  In all, seven patrons were hospitalized,  with 83 treated on scene.   A substantial number of attendees suffered welts, bruises and broken fingers trying to protect themselves.  Several suffered concussions as well.  A total of 33 tornadoes touched down in Washington County, with 3 reported in Logan County.  There were reports of at least one home damaged west of Sterling and one commercial building collapse in Sterling. The home was damaged by one of the tornadoes.

Significant flooding and flash flooding also occurred in portions of the plains, including Elbert, Arapahoe, Adams, Logan, Washington and Morgan counties. There were likely several rural roads that flooded due to the heavy rainfall.  There was a flood fatality just south of I-70 along Watkins Rd.  First responders found two stranded cars swept into a field, but its occupants had either gotten out or had been rescued. The third vehicle ended up west of Watkins and 6th Ave. in what is normally a dry creek bed. South Metroï¿½ï¿½ï¿½s water rescue team was then called out to do a water rescue but that operation turned into a recovery by the following morning.  Due to flooding, Watkins Road was closed between Interstate 70 and Jewell Ave.  Interstate 70 was also closed for several hours until water could recede from flooded underpasses. Minor flooding also occurred in portions of the Denver and the surrounding metro area.  Baseball size hail was observed in Washington County.  In Clear Creek County, a thunderstorm wind gusts to 68 mph was recorded.

Tornado event in WASHINGTON County, COLORADO
Start: 21-JUN-23 15:50:00
End: 21-JUN-23 15:51:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down briefly in open country. No damage was observed.
Episode narrative: A cold front moving across Oklahoma toward Arkansas interacted with a stalled front across southern Arkansas. Strong to severe storms were triggered along the boundary and the setup along the cold front prompted the development of clusters of thunderstorms which produced damaging winds and multiple tornadoes.

Tornado event in PERRY County, ARKANSAS
Start: 18-JUN-23 01:12:00
End: 18-JUN-23 01:13:00
Direct deaths: 0
Event narrative: This tornado started north of Highway 60 near the Perry/Faulkner County line. Visible damage started between Fox Lane and Elm Lane ending near Ferry Boat Road. Damage was observed to the roof of small outbuildings and homes. A chicken coop was blown apart with a portion of the chicken coop being blown into the window of a manufactured home. A carport was blown sideways, but remained attached. Additionally observed was damage to several trees. This tornado dissipated shortly before crossing the Arkansas River between Perry County and Faulkner County; however, the tornado never crossed into Faulkner County. This tornado had estimated winds of 85 mph and was rated EF-0.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023. This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and into eastern Texas. Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening. Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region. Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in TIPTON County, TENNESSEE
Start: 31-MAR-23 16:26:00
End: 31-MAR-23 16:28:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 10.00K
Event narrative: The tornado that tracked through Wynne, Arkansas eventually moved from through the oxbows of the Mississippi River crossing between Tennessee and Arkansas a couple of times. Significant tree damage along the Mississippi River occurred.

Tornado event in DE SOTO County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 31-MAR-23 18:40:00
End: 31-MAR-23 19:02:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 2.00M
Event narrative: This tornado moved from Tunica County into DeSoto County. Near Cub Lake and Koko Reef Lake communities, there was widespread tree damage, where numerous homes were damaged or destroyed by falling trees. Tree damage in the area was extensive. Near West Oak Grove and Highway 301 South, there was significant tree damage, with a concentrated section of snapped trees. A small area of EF2 damage was found north of West Commerce Street between Baldwin and Fogg Roads. Shingles were removed from several houses and mobile homes. The tornado path continued northeast before dissipating in a wooded area southwest of Nesbit. A total of 47 homes suffered damage in DeSoto County with about 10 homes destroyed. Peak winds in DeSoto County were estimated at 130 mph.
Episode narrative: Surface low pressure system tracked across the North Dakota/South Dakota border creating an environment supporting the threat for low top supercells in Southeastern North Dakota into adjacent West Central Minnesota. Several low-top supercells developed and tracked along portions of the Minnesota Red River Valley. Portions of Norman, Polk, Becker, and Mahnomen counties saw multiple tornadoes. Large hail and damaging winds accompanied some of these storms, and flash flooding in some locations as well.

Tornado event in NORMAN County, MINNESOTA
Start: 24-JUN-23 14:30:00
End: 24-JUN-23 14:35:00
Direct deaths: 0
Event narrative: Spotter sent us a photo of a tornado on the ground via Twitter. It occurred in open fields, which mitigated any damage. Therefore, the rating of EF-U has been assigned with estimated path width and length.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023. This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and into eastern Texas. Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening. Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region. Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in HARDEMAN County, TENNESSEE
Start: 31-MAR-23 22:04:00
End: 31-MAR-23 22:06:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 25.00K
Event narrative: The tornado formed in far eastern Hardeman County just to the east of Muddy Creek, causing damage to trees and minor structural damage along Powell Chapel and Skipper Creek Roads. The tornado then moved into McNairy County. Peak winds in Hardeman County from this tornado were estimated at 105 mph.
Episode narrative: Long duration severe weather event across the northeast plains, and most of the Denver metropolitan area beginning during the early afternoon hours.   Scores of  tornadoes occurred across Washington and Logan counties.  Several rounds of hail across the Denver metro, with ping pong ball sized hail in downtown, larger hail up to 2 inches in diameter at concert in Red Rocks Amphitheatre.  In all, seven patrons were hospitalized,  with 83 treated on scene.   A substantial number of attendees suffered welts, bruises and broken fingers trying to protect themselves.  Several suffered concussions as well.  A total of 33 tornadoes touched down in Washington County, with 3 reported in Logan County.  There were reports of at least one home damaged west of Sterling and one commercial building collapse in Sterling. The home was damaged by one of the tornadoes.

Significant flooding and flash flooding also occurred in portions of the plains, including Elbert, Arapahoe, Adams, Logan, Washington and Morgan counties. There were likely several rural roads that flooded due to the heavy rainfall.  There was a flood fatality just south of I-70 along Watkins Rd.  First responders found two stranded cars swept into a field, but its occupants had either gotten out or had been rescued. The third vehicle ended up west of Watkins and 6th Ave. in what is normally a dry creek bed. South Metroï¿½ï¿½ï¿½s water rescue team was then called out to do a water rescue but that operation turned into a recovery by the following morning.  Due to flooding, Watkins Road was closed between Interstate 70 and Jewell Ave.  Interstate 70 was also closed for several hours until water could recede from flooded underpasses. Minor flooding also occurred in portions of the Denver and the surrounding metro area.  Baseball size hail was observed in Washington County.  In Clear Creek County, a thunderstorm wind gusts to 68 mph was recorded.

Tornado event in WASHINGTON County, COLORADO
Start: 21-JUN-23 15:29:00
End: 21-JUN-23 15:30:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A second weaker satellite tornado, formed in close proximity to the EF2 tornado, briefly touched down in open country.  No damage was observed.
Episode narrative: The first significant event to produce widespread severe weather across the Mid-South for 2023 occurred on March 24, during the afternoon and evening hours.  This severe weather episode occurred mainly over portions of the Lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys. Surface analysis for this day depicted a quasi-stationary boundary from the Mid-Atlantic States and Ohio Valley through northern portions of West Tennessee and Arkansas and stretching back through Central Texas. Low pressure tracked along the stalled front into southeast Missouri during the evening. Meanwhile, a potent mid-level trough ejected out of the southwest U.S. Upper air analysis indicated the Lower Mississippi Valley was in the right entrance region of a strong 300 mb upper-level jet streak. This produced sufficient upper-level divergence and lift needed for severe thunderstorm development. 

Moderate instability combined with strong wind shear resulted in a QLCS (Quasi-Linear Convective System) convective mode. This northern part of the QLCS initially started over Western Arkansas Friday afternoon and moved east into Eastern Arkansas by early evening and then across West Tennessee. The northern part of QLCS produced scattered wind damage, flash flooding, and a weak tornado.  The southern end of this QLCS scraped across north Mississippi with numerous reports of flash flooding, damaging winds, and several weak tornadoes. 

The most significant storm of the night occurred during the late evening hours of March 24, as thunderstorms developing in advance of the QLCS streamed northeast Calhoun and Chickasaw Counties. A tight and small circulation developed in Chickasaw County (MS) about 5 miles east-northeast of Trebloc and quickly grew in strength as it moved into Monroe County (MS), producing significant damage from New Wren to Amory and Smithville, with the most significant damage occurring in Amory.

Tornado event in UNION County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 24-MAR-23 20:38:00
End: 24-MAR-23 20:39:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 55.00K
Event narrative: The short-lived tornado initially touched down just southwest of County Road 222. Numerous trees were snapped and uprooted at the beginning of the path. The tornado traveled northeast and damaged an outbuilding and patio at a residence. Numerous trees were uprooted on the same property. This tornado traveled up County Road 180 causing minor roof damage to several homes. The tornado lifted just north of the intersection of County Roads 180 and 222. A lone injury occurred in the same area as a tree fell on a moving vehicle with a male passenger inside. Peak winds were estimated at 90 mph.
Episode narrative: Areas of deep convection began to develop late in the afternoon through the evening of June 17th and into the early morning hours of June 18th from Southeast Oklahoma to the Ark-La-Tex region. A stationary front was draped from west-northwest to east-southeast through the region, with temperatures generally in the mid to upper 90s and dew points around 80 degrees. These conditions contributed to extreme instability with around 5500-6000 J/kg. As a result, very vigorous updraft development occurred over the next several hours, eventually maturing into some supercell structures given the 45-55 knots of bulk shear. The threat for damaging wind gusts quickly materialized with numerous reports of damaging wind gusts across Southwest Arkansas along with an isolated tornado in Union County later that evening.

Tornado event in UNION County, ARKANSAS
Start: 18-JUN-23 19:15:00
End: 18-JUN-23 19:42:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 2.00M
Event narrative: During the evening hours on Sunday, June 18th, a strong thunderstorm developed about 12 miles to the northeast of El Dorado, Arkansas in Union County. Shortly after forming, the storm became severe and started to rotate. The storm went on to produce an EF-2 tornado, touching down near the Cypress Creek Oil Field to the north of Moro Bay Highway near Stowe Ditch Road. At this location, there were numerous trees either snapped or uprooted from winds around 80 to 85 mph. As the tornado tracked to the southeast towards Moro Bay Highway, it strengthened some which was evident from the more widespread tree damage. As it crossed Moro Bay Highway, it did not cause any major damage to structures despite there being some along the path. From there, the road network became sparse, but some additional tree damage was observed along Feldmann Road to the southeast of Moro Bay Highway. 

From there, the tornado continued to track southeast, causing significant damage along Pigeon Hill Road. The tornado continued to strengthen as it moved toward New London Road. This is where the greatest destruction was observed as the tornado moved over a chicken farm and five chicken coops. Three of the five chicken coops were completely destroyed with additional damage to a few other barns and outbuildings. With the amount of tree damage surrounding the chicken coops, along with the total destruction of three of them, the tornado was rated EF-2 with maximum winds at 115 mph. This damage was short-lived and confined to this farm on the west and east side of New London Road. Additionally, there was a tree that fell on a manufactured home just to the north of the farm. The owners of the farm who lived in a brick home were able to call the family in the manufactured home after getting the tornado warning and had them rush to their house. So no one was in the the manufactured home when it took on damage. From there, the tornado continued to track to the southeast with more significant tree damage off Christian Road and North Road to the north of Phelps Road before lifting.
Episode narrative: The first significant event to produce widespread severe weather across the Mid-South for 2023 occurred on March 24, during the afternoon and evening hours.  This severe weather episode occurred mainly over portions of the Lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys. Surface analysis for this day depicted a quasi-stationary boundary from the Mid-Atlantic States and Ohio Valley through northern portions of West Tennessee and Arkansas and stretching back through Central Texas. Low pressure tracked along the stalled front into southeast Missouri during the evening. Meanwhile, a potent mid-level trough ejected out of the southwest U.S. Upper air analysis indicated the Lower Mississippi Valley was in the right entrance region of a strong 300 mb upper-level jet streak. This produced sufficient upper-level divergence and lift needed for severe thunderstorm development. 

Moderate instability combined with strong wind shear resulted in a QLCS (Quasi-Linear Convective System) convective mode. This northern part of the QLCS initially started over Western Arkansas Friday afternoon and moved east into Eastern Arkansas by early evening and then across West Tennessee. The northern part of QLCS produced scattered wind damage, flash flooding, and a weak tornado.  The southern end of this QLCS scraped across north Mississippi with numerous reports of flash flooding, damaging winds, and several weak tornadoes. 

The most significant storm of the night occurred during the late evening hours of March 24, as thunderstorms developing in advance of the QLCS streamed northeast Calhoun and Chickasaw Counties. A tight and small circulation developed in Chickasaw County (MS) about 5 miles east-northeast of Trebloc and quickly grew in strength as it moved into Monroe County (MS), producing significant damage from New Wren to Amory and Smithville, with the most significant damage occurring in Amory.

Tornado event in PANOLA County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 24-MAR-23 19:47:00
End: 24-MAR-23 19:48:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 10.00K
Event narrative: The tornado produced minor damage near the intersection of Shady Grove Road and Perkins Road in extreme eastern Panola County. It then moved east-northeast into Lafayette County. Peak winds in Panola County were estimated at 85 mph.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023. This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and into eastern Texas. Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening. Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region. Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in TIPTON County, TENNESSEE
Start: 31-MAR-23 16:38:00
End: 31-MAR-23 16:54:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 250.00K
Event narrative: The tornado that heavily damaged Wynne, Arkansas crossed the Mississippi River into Tipton County, Tennessee where it produced EF-2 damage across Wilder Farms. As the tornado climbed the Bluff, the tornado circulation began to weaken. From the top of the Bluff at the intersection of Pryor and Leach Roads to south of Burlison where the tornado appears to have lifted, EF-1 and EF-0 damage was observed. Peak winds from this tornado in Tipton County were estimated at 130 mph. It is important to note that as the long-tracked Wynne, Arkansas tornado was dissipating, the Covington, Tennessee tornado was on the ground approximately 3.5 miles away to the south.