torre126/tornado-structure-data huggingface dataset:
Episode narrative: There were two rounds of severe thunderstorms on April 4th. The first round in Illinois occurred during the morning hours.  These storms developed in eastern Iowa and moved into northwest Illinois by mid morning.  Despite the elevated nature of the storms and a very stable low level, a very strong downdraft surge occurred south of the hail core over the Illinois side of the Quad Cities metro, with the Quad City Airport ASOS measuring a wind gust near 90 MPH. Extensive damage occurred from Rock Island to Colona IL to buildings, trees and power poles, with some structures seeing ripped-off roofs. A survey team determined a brief tornadoes touched down in Moline, Colona, and near Geneseo Illinois.

Tornado event in HENRY County, ILLINOIS
Start: 04-APR-23 09:15:00
End: 04-APR-23 09:19:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A localized rear flank downdraft (RFD) surge on the south side of a broader high precipitation(HP)  supercell RFD caused a tornado to form. The EF2 tornado with 115 MPH winds began just east of Geneseo. The path had sporadic damage and based on eye-witness reports it was a multiple vortex tornado. Different suction vortices caused damage to farm buildings, trees, silos and houses along its 2.8 mile long path. Many trees were uprooted or snapped in different directions. Most houses had uplift of shingles. Towards the end of the path, the tornado strengthened just before it occluded. EF2 damage was found here as a power pole was snapped, 4 farm outbuildings were destroyed and the roof on the house was lifted then put back down on the house. Many thanks to Henry County OEM for helping with the survey.

Tornado event in ROCK ISLAND County, ILLINOIS
Start: 04-APR-23 08:47:00
End: 04-APR-23 08:49:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A brief EF1 tornado caused damage to trees and roofs across its 1.6 mile long path. Eyewitness reports of the tornado and debris aided in the identification of this tornado.
Episode narrative: During the afternoon and evening of the 31st, a wave of severe thunderstorms produced numerous tornadoes, severe hail, and extensive wind damage across northwestern Indiana. A total of 23 tornadoes were confirmed across the state. The NWS Chicago office tied a record for the most tornadoes to occur in a single calendar day within the office's county warning area with 22, 5 of which occurred in Indiana. Two EF-2 tornadoes occurred in Benton County and one other in Lee County, Illinois. Some of the more notable damage includes a few homes with walls and portions of roofing blown away, a wind turbine that had been snapped in half, and wind turbine blades thrown as far as 600 yards, all a result of the two EF-2 tornadoes in Benton County.

Tornado event in BENTON County, INDIANA
Start: 31-MAR-23 20:33:00
End: 31-MAR-23 20:42:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: This tornado touched down near the intersection of E County Road 200 S and S Adeway Rd south of Fowler. The tornado tracked to the northeast for nearly 12 miles. Along the way, it damaged a few homes and multiple wind turbines. The tornado reached its maximum intensity just east of Fowler where it snapped the base of a wind turbine about halfway up and threw the blades of wind turbines as far as 600 yards to the northeast. Wind speeds during this time are estimated to be around 120 mph. The storm also downed trees and power poles. It lifted near N County Road 800 E and E County Road 600 N in northeast Benton County.
Episode narrative: Strong low pressure over the eastern Gulf of Mexico resulted in a slow-moving pre-frontal trough focusing heavy convective rainfall over portions of the middle and upper Florida Keys.  One EF0 tornado was observed on Big Pine Key in association with a small supercell which evolved in advance of the passing squall line. In additional, strong winds associated with a convectively-induced mesoscale low pressure system over the middle and upper Florida Keys resulted in moderate to major coastal flooding near the shores of Barnes and Card Sounds.

Tornado event in MONROE County, FLORIDA
Start: 15-NOV-23 06:27:00
End: 15-NOV-23 06:28:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 1.50K
Event narrative: A brief tornado initially developed over the  southeast edge of the Eden Pines subdivision, located over the central portion of (the island of) Big Pine Key around 6:27 AM EST. The relatively narrow tornado moved quickly north-northwest in  the general area framed by Lantana Lane, Buttonwood and Oleander Drives. EF-0 damage was observed via the survey included vinyl siding torn off a portion of a home, a couple downed and snapped buttonwood trees, and a twisted fence.  Maximum winds of 75 mph were estimated in this portion of the Eden Pines subdivision.  The directional deposition despite relatively low volume of debris strongly suggested a  tornadic circulation at the surface along a short and narrow path.   A resident heard a distinct audible rushing sound almost  immediately before tornado passage, notable due to the lack of any observed wind damage off the path within the residential  subdivision. The timing of the original observation of wind  damage corresponded with the passage of a supercell on a northwest  path across central Big Pine Key and into Pine Channel.
Episode narrative: During the afternoon and evening of the 31st, a wave of severe thunderstorms produced numerous tornadoes, severe hail, extensive wind damage, and localized flooding across northern and northeastern Illinois. A total of 37 tornadoes were confirmed across the state. The NWS Chicago office tied a record for the most tornadoes to occur in a single calendar day within the office's county warning area with 22, 17 of which occurred in Illinois. One EF-2 tornado occurred in south-central Lee County and two others in northwest Indiana. Some of the more notable damage includes multiple semi trucks blown over, a garage that had been completely destroyed southeast of Amboy, and the partial roof collapse of the Apollo Theatre in Belvidere which unfortunately resulted in one fatality and 40 injuries.

Tornado event in WINNEBAGO County, ILLINOIS
Start: 31-MAR-23 18:31:00
End: 31-MAR-23 18:38:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: This tornado touched down about 1 mile southeast of downtown Rockford southwest of the intersection of Railroad Ave and 8th St. It then tracked northeastward through the city of Rockford for about 7 minutes and just under 6 miles before lifting as it approached the intersection of Riverside Blvd and Mulford Rd. The tornado caused widespread tree damage, which was most concentrated at and near the Sinnissippi Golf Course, where the tornado reached its peak width of about 300 yards. Most structural damage was caused by trees that were uprooted and fell onto houses, but the tornado itself did also cause mostly minor roof damage to multiple homes.
Episode narrative: During the afternoon and evening of the 31st, a wave of severe thunderstorms produced numerous tornadoes, severe hail, and extensive wind damage across northwestern Indiana. A total of 23 tornadoes were confirmed across the state. The NWS Chicago office tied a record for the most tornadoes to occur in a single calendar day within the office's county warning area with 22, 5 of which occurred in Indiana. Two EF-2 tornadoes occurred in Benton County and one other in Lee County, Illinois. Some of the more notable damage includes a few homes with walls and portions of roofing blown away, a wind turbine that had been snapped in half, and wind turbine blades thrown as far as 600 yards, all a result of the two EF-2 tornadoes in Benton County.

Tornado event in BENTON County, INDIANA
Start: 31-MAR-23 20:41:00
End: 31-MAR-23 20:46:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: The tornado dropped south of Goodland in rural Benton County south of E County Road 800 N east of N County Road 200 E. The storm tracked northeast and crossed into Jasper County at E County Road 900 N southwest of Remington. It lifted east of town north of W US Hwy 24 just west of N County Road 1200 W. Damage mostly consisted of snapped power poles, downed trees, and damage to small farm outbuildings.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023. This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and into eastern Texas. Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening. Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region. Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in HARDIN County, TENNESSEE
Start: 31-MAR-23 22:31:00
End: 31-MAR-23 22:56:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 4.00M
Event narrative: This tornado weakened as it moved from McNairy into Hardin County, with damage to homes and trees along Highway 69, Old Union Road, Harris Road, and Glendale Road near Hookers Bend. One area of more intense damage was surveyed near Chalk Bluff along Glendale Road where a manufactured home was completely destroyed and an area of trees was slightly debarked. The tornado then approached New Harmony, crossing the bends in the Tennessee River three times. Numerous homes were damaged along Emerald Lane and in the area of Flat Bluff near Becky Road and Lion Lane. Additional damage was noted in the Crossroads area along Clifton and Hardin Creek Roads as the tornado moved into Wayne County.  In total, nearly 150 structures were damaged in Hardin County between this tornado and the EF-2 that occurred a couple of hours earlier, 42 of which were total losses.  Peak winds in Hardin County from this tornado were estimated at 145 mph.
Episode narrative: An isolated supercell initially moved south through the panhandle during the mid and late afternoon hours of July 18, which was responsible for very large hail and some damaging winds. Additional storms developed ahead of that cell toward the Colorado border. A second round of storms, including clusters and a supercell, moved through north central Nebraska shortly after and produced very large hail.

Tornado event in SHERIDAN County, NEBRASKA
Start: 18-JUL-23 15:37:00
End: 18-JUL-23 15:42:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: Tornado touched down over open country just south of Ostrander Road in rural Sheridan County.  The tornado then traveled approximately one and a half miles southeast, lifting just north of 365th trail.  Multiple videos and photos were received of the tornado and no damage was observed.
Episode narrative: During the afternoon and evening of the 31st, a wave of severe thunderstorms produced numerous tornadoes, severe hail, and extensive wind damage across northwestern Indiana. A total of 23 tornadoes were confirmed across the state. The NWS Chicago office tied a record for the most tornadoes to occur in a single calendar day within the office's county warning area with 22, 5 of which occurred in Indiana. Two EF-2 tornadoes occurred in Benton County and one other in Lee County, Illinois. Some of the more notable damage includes a few homes with walls and portions of roofing blown away, a wind turbine that had been snapped in half, and wind turbine blades thrown as far as 600 yards, all a result of the two EF-2 tornadoes in Benton County.

Tornado event in JASPER County, INDIANA
Start: 31-MAR-23 19:46:00
End: 31-MAR-23 19:50:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: The tornado dropped south of Goodland in rural Benton County south of E County Road 800 N east of N County Road 200 E. The storm tracked northeast and crossed into Jasper County at E County Road 900 N southwest of Remington. It lifted east of town north of W US Hwy 24 just west of N County Road 1200 W. Six semi trucks were reported flipped over on I-65 near the junction at US Hwy 24. Additionally, a trailer with a tractor in it had rolled over several times in a field off of US Hwy 24 just west of I-65. Damage otherwise mostly consisted of snapped power poles, downed trees, and damage to small farm outbuildings.
Episode narrative: A low pressure system slowly dropping SE form the eastern Dakotas and SW Minnesota dragged a cold front across the state during the evening and overnight hours of the 24th of June. Within the warm sector, MUCAPE values peaked in excess of 3000 J/kg during peak heating and scaled back a bit overnight but remained around or in excess of 2000 J/kg. Effective shear values were supportive for organized convection, residing in the 35 to around 50 kt range. Morning and lingering convective activity likely played a role in initiating some storms with remnant outflow boundaries around. As a result, a number of isolated or clustered organized storms were seen during the evening and overnight hours and produced a number of reports of large hail and damaging winds. The largest hail reported was 3 inches in both Palo Alto and Black Hawk counties. A couple of funnel clouds were reported as well.

Tornado event in POCAHONTAS County, IOWA
Start: 24-JUN-23 22:02:00
End: 24-JUN-23 22:07:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 10.00K
Event narrative: Tornado developed north of Pocahontas and moved east northeast through many open cropland. The tornado did move a grain bin off its foundation and rolled it into a field across the road. The tornado continued for another half mile before lifting.
Episode narrative: A couple of lines of thunderstorms moved northeast across far western Kentucky during the late afternoon and evening hours. The first line consisted of semi-discrete cells, one of which was associated with a weak tornado that tracked across the Kentucky Lake area. The second line was associated with a few isolated marginally severe wind gusts to 60 mph. The storms developed in response to a rather amplified 500 mb shortwave trough that progressed east into Iowa and Missouri by nightfall. With daytime heating, the atmosphere became very unstable in the afternoon. Mixed-layer capes were around 3000 j/kg late in the day. A belt of 35 to 45 knot mid-level west-southwesterly winds resulted in sufficient deep-layer wind shear for organized storm structures. An embedded tornado occurred in the vicinity of a residual outflow boundary arcing west from storms over central Kentucky.

Tornado event in MARSHALL County, KENTUCKY
Start: 01-JUL-23 17:44:00
End: 01-JUL-23 17:59:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 25.00K
Event narrative: The weak tornado crossed into Marshall County from Graves County near the small community of Oak Level. There were numerous trees and power lines down east of Highway 641 to the Kentucky Lake shore. Damage in western Marshall County consisted of spotty broken tree branches and a few downed trees. Peak winds were estimated near 80 mph in Marshall County. The tornado exited into Lyon County after it moved over Kentucky Lake east of the Moors Camp area.

Tornado event in LYON County, KENTUCKY
Start: 01-JUL-23 17:59:00
End: 01-JUL-23 18:01:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 200.00K
Event narrative: The weak tornado crossed Kentucky Lake from Marshall County and entered Lyon County in the Land-Between-The-Lakes National Recreation Area. The apparent damage path ended at the Twin Lakes campground, which is along the Kentucky Lake shore about two miles south of the canal between Lake Barkley and Kentucky Lake. Numerous campers were destroyed, and trees were downed. Peak winds in Lyon County were estimated near 80 mph. Witnesses in the area reported seeing funnel clouds.
Episode narrative: A frontal system brought a period of heavy rain, flash flooding, and embedded thunderstorms to southern New England from the morning to mid evening. In addition to much tree damage from straight line winds, there was one tornado in Connecticut, 2 in Rhode Island, and 1 in Massachusetts. These all occurred in the afternoon.

Tornado event in BRISTOL County, MASSACHUSETTS
Start: 13-SEP-23 16:22:00
End: 13-SEP-23 16:25:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 5.00K
Event narrative: An EF-0 with maximum winds of 75 mph briefly touched down in a rural area of North Attleborough on Ellis Road which caused tree damage south of High Street. The tree damage was limited to the tops of three trees having been twisted off and lofted into nearby pasture. After speaking with the homeowners they described seeing the sheets of rain change direction before seeking shelter in their basement. The tree damage along the path was consistent with wind speeds between 65 and 75 mph, resulting an EF-0 rating on  the Enhanced Fujita Scale.
Episode narrative: Long duration severe weather event across the northeast plains, and most of the Denver metropolitan area beginning during the early afternoon hours.   Scores of  tornadoes occurred across Washington and Logan counties.  Several rounds of hail across the Denver metro, with ping pong ball sized hail in downtown, larger hail up to 2 inches in diameter at concert in Red Rocks Amphitheatre.  In all, seven patrons were hospitalized,  with 83 treated on scene.   A substantial number of attendees suffered welts, bruises and broken fingers trying to protect themselves.  Several suffered concussions as well.  A total of 33 tornadoes touched down in Washington County, with 3 reported in Logan County.  There were reports of at least one home damaged west of Sterling and one commercial building collapse in Sterling. The home was damaged by one of the tornadoes.

Significant flooding and flash flooding also occurred in portions of the plains, including Elbert, Arapahoe, Adams, Logan, Washington and Morgan counties. There were likely several rural roads that flooded due to the heavy rainfall.  There was a flood fatality just south of I-70 along Watkins Rd.  First responders found two stranded cars swept into a field, but its occupants had either gotten out or had been rescued. The third vehicle ended up west of Watkins and 6th Ave. in what is normally a dry creek bed. South Metroï¿½ï¿½ï¿½s water rescue team was then called out to do a water rescue but that operation turned into a recovery by the following morning.  Due to flooding, Watkins Road was closed between Interstate 70 and Jewell Ave.  Interstate 70 was also closed for several hours until water could recede from flooded underpasses. Minor flooding also occurred in portions of the Denver and the surrounding metro area.  Baseball size hail was observed in Washington County.  In Clear Creek County, a thunderstorm wind gusts to 68 mph was recorded.

Tornado event in WASHINGTON County, COLORADO
Start: 21-JUN-23 15:40:00
End: 21-JUN-23 15:41:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down briefly in open country. No damage was observed.
Episode narrative: Numerous strong to severe thunderstorms impacted Central Alabama during the morning and afternoon hours of Thursday, January 12th, 2023. Several supercell thunderstorms spawned multiple tornadoes which caused significant damage in many areas. The severe thunderstorms also produced damaging straight-line winds and hail up to golf ball size.

Tornado event in TALLAPOOSA County, ALABAMA
Start: 12-JAN-23 13:33:00
End: 12-JAN-23 14:00:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: National Weather Service meteorologists surveyed damage in central Tallapoosa County and determined that it was consistent with an EF2 tornado, with maximum winds near 130 mph. This long track tornado began in Autauga County and tracked across northwest Elmore County, southern Coosa County and into Tallapoosa about one mile south of Newman Road.  Tornado damage continued into Tallapoosa County with a corridor of timber damaged observed along Cedar Creek and Elkahatchee Roads. Timber was snapped and uprooted and consistent with EF1 damage here. The tornado continued northeast crossing Highway 63 and approaching the Wind Creek State Park area.  The tornado then moved toward Coven Abbett Highway and then Elbert Road. Several homes sustained damage here, some significant with roofs blown off, boat houses destroyed, and adjacent significant timber damage as dozens of large hardwood trees were snapped and uprooted. Areas impacted near here were Elbert Drive, Loblolly Lane, and Elbert Road. The tornado then crossed the northern section of Lake Martin before impacting additional lakefront homes. Numerous homes were damaged on River Run Road and the adjacent side streets. Some homes sustained significant damage with entire roofs blown away and exterior walls collapsed or removed. At least two homes were shifted from their foundation. The high-end EF-2 damage here could be partly due to the interaction of the tornado with the lake surface, as well as the exposed nature of these homes since most structures inland seemed to be sheltered from adjacent heavily wooded areas. The tornado also damaged homes along Lake Ridge Drive. The tornado continued northeast causing pockets of EF1 timber damage as it crossed Highway 280. The tornado then moved across the rest of Tallapoosa County causing mainly varying degrees of timber damage in the EF0 to EF1 range, including the Sessions area. The weakening tornado then crossed into Chambers County just north of Highway 118.
Episode narrative: A surface low and frontal boundary stalled over northeast Texas on the afternoon of February 7th. An upper level low coming out of the desert southwest tracking eastward began to drive the front in Texas eastward. At the same time, the surface low began to deepen and occlude while moving northeastward. Thunderstorms developed both ahead of the front in the warm sector and directly along the cold front as it passed through the local area. A couple storms in southwest Mississippi became severe producing one short-lived EF-0 tornado and another produced damaging winds. No injuries with either storm.

Tornado event in WALTHALL County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 08-FEB-23 19:11:00
End: 08-FEB-23 19:12:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 10.00K
Event narrative: A brief tornado touched down near the intersection of Highway 27 and Mannings Crossing Road causing minor roof and siding damage to a church. This tornado continued northeast across rural farmland and crossed Elmer Howell Road uprooting and snapping small softwood trees. This tornado dissipated across rural forested areas to the northeast.