torre126/tornado-structure-data huggingface dataset:
Episode narrative: A large squall-line (Mesoscale Convective System) moved across mainly North and East-Central GA during the afternoon and early evening hours of July 20th. Conditions were very favorable for damaging winds along and ahead of well-developed cold pool, with high instability and elevated Downdraft-CAPE. Widespread damage occurred from far north Georgia to east-central GA (Warren County), with very intense winds (80-90+mph) estimated from damage across parts of Cherokee and Forsyth counties. A couple of brief  embedded weak tornadoes occurred in Cherokee County from this system.

Tornado event in PICKENS County, GEORGIA
Start: 20-JUL-23 16:13:00
End: 20-JUL-23 16:17:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: This tornado developed withing a large scale straight line wind event which occurred across Pickens County. Similar to the other tornado in Pickens county, this tornado developed on the north side of a large surge in winds as denoted both on radar and widespread wind damage on the ground. This EF0 tornado (peak winds estimated around 80 mph) first developed in a wooded area northwest of Carver Mill Road to the west of the intersection of Carver Mill Rd and Dean Trail. Trees were snapped or uprooted along its path which nearly paralleled  Carver Mill Rd until it crossed Hwy 53. Trees and powerlines were  downed along Carver Mill Rd, Dean Mill Rd, Red Branch Rd, Bradley  Rd and Perrow Hwy. The tornado tracked southwest crossing Hwy 53  near Thompson Lane where trees were snapped and uprooted. Some  minor roof damage was also noted in the area. The tornado  dissipated shortly after crossing Hwy 53.
Episode narrative: As a cold front swept southeastward through the forecast area, scattered severe thunderstorms developed along and ahead of this feature through the afternoon across southern Oklahoma. A mixed storm mode of lines and embedded supercells produced instances of severe hail, including a few greater than 2-inches in diameter, along with a few reports of thunderstorm wind gusts/damage.

Tornado event in STEPHENS County, OKLAHOMA
Start: 16-MAR-23 13:57:00
End: 16-MAR-23 13:57:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: Spotters, a tribal police officer, and a fire fighter observed a brief tornado approximately 7 miles north of Velma. The specific location is estimated and no damage was observed or reported.
Episode narrative: A large squall-line (Mesoscale Convective System) moved across mainly North and East-Central GA during the afternoon and early evening hours of July 20th. Conditions were very favorable for damaging winds along and ahead of well-developed cold pool, with high instability and elevated Downdraft-CAPE. Widespread damage occurred from far north Georgia to east-central GA (Warren County), with very intense winds (80-90+mph) estimated from damage across parts of Cherokee and Forsyth counties. A couple of brief  embedded weak tornadoes occurred in Cherokee County from this system.

Tornado event in PICKENS County, GEORGIA
Start: 20-JUL-23 16:23:00
End: 20-JUL-23 16:26:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: This particular tornado developed shortly after a large scale straight line wind event unfolded across Pickens County. It should be noted that while the tornado did considerable damage in the  span in which it was on the ground, the large scale straight line  wind damage across Pickens county southeastward was far more  considerable. The tornado formed on the north side a surge in the  winds along Long Swamp Church road very near the Bent Tree Lodge  and Vineyard and Angel on Horseback pavilion. Several trees were  snapped and uprooted in this area. The tornado continued eastward  through a wooded area crossing Dank road behind several homes on  the north side of Fitts Road. The tornado reached maximum  intensity as it crossed Fitts and Dank Roads where numerous trees  were snapped and uprooted, 1 home lost its roof, another home  sustained major roof damage and an outbuilding was destroyed. The  tornado continued southeast snapping and uprooting trees before  dissipating as it reached Skyline Drive. Peak winds were estimated around 95 mph (EF-1 tornado).
Episode narrative: The middle part of June was unusually stormy across the area. Numerous rounds of strong to severe storms impacted the region with multiple squall lines that produced severe winds as well as supercells that produced large hail and tornadoes.  Heavy rain also occurred over a multi-day period, which saturated the ground and led to some instances of flash flooding.  

The synoptic pattern featured well above average 250 mb zonal wind anomalies, which were traceable back to an active subtropical jet stream.  Greater than average instability was also present, in part due to anomalously warm Gulf of Mexico SSTs.  This combination of above average shear from the active subtropical jet and above average instability from the warmer than average SSTs provided a synoptic environment favorable for severe weather as upper level shortwaves moving through the area.  This pattern persisted for many days, leading to an unusually large amount of severe weather.

Tornado event in JEFFERSON County, FLORIDA
Start: 16-JUN-23 02:09:00
End: 16-JUN-23 02:23:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down with a well defined tornadic debris signature on TLH radar in rural southern Jefferson county.  The only damage was to trees.

Tornado event in TAYLOR County, FLORIDA
Start: 16-JUN-23 02:30:00
End: 16-JUN-23 02:41:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down in rural western Taylor county with a well defined tornadic debris signature on TLH radar.  No structures were in the path, and the only damage was to trees.
Episode narrative: A strong storm system swept across the Mid-South on December 9, 2023, driven by a deep longwave trough and closed upper-level low-pressure system. In the early morning hours, a cold front slowly began moving east across Arkansas and Tennessee. Ahead of this boundary, warm and moist air from the Gulf of Mexico was efficiently transported to the Mid-South as surface dew points climbed into the low and mid-60s by 9 am. By mid-morning, a line of sub-severe storms formed in northeast Arkansas. As this line pushed east of the Mississippi River, storms encountered an environment favorable for severe weather.  A strong supercell went on to produce large hail and an EF-1 tornado in Gibson and Weakley counties in Tennessee. New supercells formed in southeast Arkansas by late morning and immediately began producing large hail as they moved east into northern Mississippi. Hailstones of golf ball size and larger were the main attributes of these supercells. Most notable were several baseball size (2.75 inch) reports across portions of northwest Mississippi and a softball size hailstone (4.0 inch) report near Byhalia, MS. Baseball size hail is not uncommon in the Mid-South, but it tends to occur mainly in the springtime. This hail event entered the record books as the largest outbreak of significant hail (2.0 inches or greater) in December history across the Mid-South.

Tornado event in GIBSON County, TENNESSEE
Start: 09-DEC-23 11:32:00
End: 09-DEC-23 11:44:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 750.00K
Event narrative: The first evidence of tornado damage was near Bells Chapel Road near Jim Dedmon Road in Gibson County where numerous hardwood trees were snapped. The tornado generally moved east to northeast at times. A home on Bells Chapel Road sustained roof damage and a carport was destroyed. A small barn lost most of its roofing and snapped hardwood trees were also noted nearby. The tornado crossed Highway 105 and produced roof and wall damage to homes on Joe Lumpkin Road. The tornado continued to move to the northeast and crossed Highway 45 hitting the Gibson County Rescue 9 station. A semi-truck and van were overturned as the tornado crossed Highway 45. Significant roof damage and collapsed walls occurred at this location along with numerous snapped hardwood trees. Additional damage was noted on Walnut Grove Road to hardwood trees with some structural damage to a barn and carport. The tornado moved to the northeast and crossed into Weakley County.
Episode narrative: An upper level low passing over Wyoming combined with a strong jet stream to bring an outbreak of severe weather. Three tornadoes were confirmed in the WFO Riverton warning area on this day. This was the most in one day since June 12, 2017. There was one tornado in Sweetwater County and two in Natrona County. The largest and most impactful tornado was south of Midwest, WY in northern Natrona County where a home and surrounding property was damaged. Very large hail also occurred with some of the storms. The largest hail occurred in southern Johnson County and northern Natrona County where baseball size hail was reported from strongly rotating supercell thunderstorms. Other severe thunderstorms moved from Lander to Riverton and dropped quarter to golf ball size hail, causing damage to many roofs and vehicles.

Tornado event in SWEETWATER County, WYOMING
Start: 23-JUN-23 12:35:00
End: 23-JUN-23 12:37:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: Video from the public showed a narrow rope-shaped tornado northeast of Granger. The tornado touched down over open country, and caused no known damage. A rating of EFU was assigned because the brief tornado traversed land lacking damage indicators such as trees structures.

Tornado event in NATRONA County, WYOMING
Start: 23-JUN-23 13:37:00
End: 23-JUN-23 13:40:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: The public sent a picture of a rope tornado to the north of Natrona. The tornado remained over open country and caused no known damage. A rating of EFU was assigned because the tornado traversed remote land lacking damage indicators such as trees structures.
Episode narrative: The middle part of June was unusually stormy across the area. Numerous rounds of strong to severe storms impacted the region with multiple squall lines that produced severe winds as well as supercells that produced large hail and tornadoes.  Heavy rain also occurred over a multi-day period, which saturated the ground and led to some instances of flash flooding.  

The synoptic pattern featured well above average 250 mb zonal wind anomalies, which were traceable back to an active subtropical jet stream.  Greater than average instability was also present, in part due to anomalously warm Gulf of Mexico SSTs.  This combination of above average shear from the active subtropical jet and above average instability from the warmer than average SSTs provided a synoptic environment favorable for severe weather as upper level shortwaves moving through the area.  This pattern persisted for many days, leading to an unusually large amount of severe weather.

Tornado event in FRANKLIN County, FLORIDA
Start: 15-JUN-23 18:43:00
End: 15-JUN-23 18:48:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 5.00K
Event narrative: A waterspout made brief landfall on the west end of Saint George Island as a tornado before moving out over the open Gulf of Mexico. Minor damage was reported to a home along Seahorse Lane consistent with an EF-0 rating. The timing and track of the tornado was refined using radar data and photos of the waterspout over Apalachicola Bay and the Gulf of Mexico from social media.
Episode narrative: A cluster of thunderstorms that initiated during the night of June 28th across the Central Plains entered west-central Illinois by the late morning of June 29th.  Aided by an increasingly unstable airmass characterized by CAPE values of 3000-4000J/kg and a 30-40kt mid-level jet streak, the storms became linear in nature and began racing east-southeastward across central Illinois.  Widespread wind gusts of 60-80mph were observed along the line, with localized corridors of even higher gusts.  The highest measured gust of 101 mph came from a personal weather station near Taylorville that took a direct hit from a tornado.  A total of seven tornadoes were embedded within the line of storms, including an EF-2 tornado near Curran in Sangamon County.  The high winds caused extensive tree and power line damage, leading to power loss for over 200,000 customers.  Some people in the Springfield area were without power for nearly a week before all lines were restored. The winds impacted all of central and southeast Illinois, but were most concentrated between the I-74 and I-70 corridors.  Once the line of storms dropped into the Ohio River Valley, additional severe cells fired along the trailing outflow boundary south of I-70 during the late afternoon.  These storms produced hail as large as 2 inches in diameter across parts of Clay, Richland, and Lawrence counties.

Tornado event in SANGAMON County, ILLINOIS
Start: 29-JUN-23 11:12:00
End: 29-JUN-23 11:19:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down near the intersection of Curran Road and Spaulding Orchard Road about 1 mile south of Curran at 12:12 PM CDT.  It removed large sections of the roof of a home, then continued to track southeastward into the town of Chatham where it blew down numerous trees, tree branches, and power lines.  The tornado also ripped approximately half the roof off a home in Chatham.  It downed several large trees and tore shingles off homes in a subdivision just southeast of Chatham before crossing I-55 and dissipating about 2 miles north-northeast of Glenarm at 12:19 PM CDT.
Episode narrative: Residual moisture from an incredibly anomalously wet June continues to moisten the lower levels aiding in ample amounts of instability. The northwest flow pattern created a lot of shear, which led to prolonged 3 day severe weather event over adjacent and eastern plains of southern Colorado.

Tornado event in KIOWA County, COLORADO
Start: 06-JUL-23 19:29:00
End: 06-JUL-23 19:31:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: Photo of brief anticyclonic tornado.
Episode narrative: An upper level high pressure center was located over central Arizona and central New Mexico which resulted in a favorable pattern for efficient diurnal wind fluctuations including upslope oriented winds towards WFO Pueblo's eastern mountains. Weak waves embedded in the upper level northwesterly flow enhanced the lift and the pattern enhanced the deep shear. The result was a very rare mountainous tornado that was observed at around 9,000 feet.

Tornado event in TELLER County, COLORADO
Start: 20-JUL-23 13:00:00
End: 20-JUL-23 13:08:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: Maximum wind gust estimated was 108 mph.
Episode narrative: Storms developed along a stalled frontal boundary on the evening of July 28th. These storms developed in clusters and were slow moving with heavy rain. They also produced sporadic wind damage across northwest Indiana. An EF0 tornado also occurred in Cass County.

Tornado event in CASS County, INDIANA
Start: 29-JUL-23 01:19:00
End: 29-JUL-23 01:21:00
Direct deaths: 0
Event narrative: The majority of the damage was to beans and corn extending from west of S CR 900 E to north of SR 218 to near the intersection of E CR 700 S and S CR 500 W. A small area of tree damage was found at a property on S CR 900 E in the path of the crop damage. The Grissom ARB recorded a 74 mph wind gust immediately after the dissipation of the tornado from RFD winds.
Episode narrative: A wet system brought periods of moderate to heavy rain with scattered thunderstorms. Lines of stronger thunderstorms brought local road flooding to portions of interior Northern California. There was also a confirmed EF-1 tornado touchdown in the Oroville area, with minor damage. Snow levels were high, with impacts limited to minor travel delays for Sierra pass levels.

Tornado event in BUTTE County, CALIFORNIA
Start: 19-DEC-23 17:40:00
End: 19-DEC-23 17:42:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 17.00K
Event narrative: National Weather Service Meteorologists surveyed storm damage in Oroville, and analyzed radar and video evidence. It was determined that an EF-1 tornado, associated with a line of thunderstorms, moved through for about 2 minutes before lifting, resulting in tree and minor structure damage.
Episode narrative: Numerous strong to severe thunderstorms impacted Central Alabama during the morning and afternoon hours of Thursday, January 12th, 2023. Several supercell thunderstorms spawned multiple tornadoes which caused significant damage in many areas. The severe thunderstorms also produced damaging straight-line winds and hail up to golf ball size.

Tornado event in BIBB County, ALABAMA
Start: 12-JAN-23 11:34:00
End: 12-JAN-23 11:51:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: National Weather Service meteorologists surveyed damage in southern Bibb County and determined that it was consistent with an EF1 tornado, with maximum winds near 105 mph. This tornado originated in Perry County and crossed into Bibb County south of the community of Abercrombie.  The tornado continued northeast and crossed Hickory Hollow Road where several softwood trees were snapped and uprooted.  The weakening tornado crossed Highway 82, where storm chaser video showed a weak circulation crossing the highway. Dissipation occurred about one mile east of Highway 82.
Episode narrative: Thunderstorms produced hail up to quarter size in parts of Arapahoe and Douglas counties.  Also a brief landspout was observed in Weld County.

Tornado event in WELD County, COLORADO
Start: 06-JUN-23 16:38:00
End: 06-JUN-23 16:39:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down in an open field.  No damage was observed.
Episode narrative: A weak surface front was near the FL-GA state-line with moist, unstable conditions south of the boundary across NE FL. Diurnally enhanced storms further intensified into the afternoon and early evening as a short-wave trough moved across the area from the west. Storm motion was slow, so locally heavy rainfall was a concern near storm mergers.

Tornado event in CLAY County, FLORIDA
Start: 26-SEP-23 16:05:00
End: 26-SEP-23 16:05:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: The public reported a landspout touchdown just west of the Shands Bridge near Green Cove Springs. The time of the event was based on radar. The width of the tornado was approximated. There was not noted damage.
Episode narrative: Southerly upper level winds moved across Nebraska and brought in a thick layer of low-level stratus clouds during the early morning hours. These clouds limited surface heating during the day; however, cooler air aloft moved over the area during midday. These conditions resulted in more instability. This instability combined with a low-pressure system, forcing from a strong 500 mb jet, and strong low-level wind shear. There was locally enhanced 0 ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 1 km helicity near a surface low. There was an intersection of a surface warm front with a dryline and cold front near the center of the surface low. The cold front moved across the area during the overnight hours. These conditions resulted in severe weather during the afternoon hours. 

Thunderstorms were present across Nebraska during the early afternoon hours and moved northeastward. These storms began in south central Nebraska by producing a tornado in Phelps County at 1:05 PM CDT. This tornado was rated as an EF-0 and did some damage. These storms moved eastward and developed into line segments and went on to produce 5 more tornadoes. The additional tornadoes were in Dawson, Franklin, Kearney, Adams, and Hall Counties. The tornadoes in Franklin and Kearney Counties were rated EF-1 while the others were rated EF-0. These storms also produced hail and severe wind gusts. The biggest hail was half dollar size in Phelps County. There was a 63 mph wind gust in Adams County. The storms ended by producing nickel sized hail in Hamilton County at 5:05 PM CDT.

Tornado event in ADAMS County, NEBRASKA
Start: 12-OCT-23 15:43:00
End: 12-OCT-23 15:45:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: A short-track tornado occurred just east of Prosser. This EF0 rated tornado primarily damaged corn in the area along its short path. The maximum wind gust was estimated to be 75 MPH.
Episode narrative: Numerous strong to severe thunderstorms impacted Central Alabama during the morning and afternoon hours of Thursday, January 12th, 2023. Several supercell thunderstorms spawned multiple tornadoes which caused significant damage in many areas. The severe thunderstorms also produced damaging straight-line winds and hail up to golf ball size.

Tornado event in ELMORE County, ALABAMA
Start: 12-JAN-23 13:05:00
End: 12-JAN-23 13:15:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: National Weather Service meteorologists surveyed damage in northwest Elmore County and determined that it was consistent with an EF2 tornado, with maximum winds near 125 mph. This tornado originated in Autauga County and crossed into Elmore County just north of Tram Road.  The tornado crossed near the intersection of Lightwood Road and Coosa River Road, where a manufactured home was rolled and destroyed and a home lost a major portion of its roof.  The tornado then crossed the Coosa River, affecting Neely Road on the west bank and Kelly Road on the east bank, where several homes lost portions of their roofs.  The tornado continued northeast and crossed Highway 29, where a residence lost a significant portion of its roof. As the tornado crossed Grays Ferry Road on the northeast side of Titus, a large number of pine trees were uprooted and snapped.  Numerous trees were snapped and uprooted as the tornado tracked through northwest Elmore County and towards southern Coosa County. The tornado crossed into Coosa County just west of Highway 231.