torre126/tornado-structure-data huggingface dataset:
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023.  This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and eastern Texas.  Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening.  Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region.  Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in CRITTENDEN County, ARKANSAS
Start: 31-MAR-23 16:05:00
End: 31-MAR-23 16:26:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 250.00K
Event narrative: The tornado that caused EF-3 damage in Wynne, Arkansas moved into Crittenden County just north of Earle causing EF-2 damage along Watson Road. Between Earle, AR, and the Mississippi River, very few damage indicators aided in the observed strength as it traversed mostly farmland.  There were between 20 to 30 center pivot irrigation systems that were overturned along this area. The tornado then tracked into the oxbows of the Mississippi River while crossing into Tipton County. Peak winds were estimated at 125 mph in Crittenden County.
Episode narrative: A closed low pressure system moved slowly across the northern Plains and spawned multiple tornadoes across north central Nebraska.

Tornado event in CUSTER County, NEBRASKA
Start: 12-MAY-23 11:47:00
End: 12-MAY-23 11:48:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: This tornado touched down in an open field.  No damage was observed.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023.  This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and eastern Texas.  Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening.  Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region.  Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in MISSISSIPPI County, ARKANSAS
Start: 31-MAR-23 16:34:00
End: 31-MAR-23 16:38:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 25.00K
Event narrative: The tornado that tracked through Wynne, Arkansas eventually moved from through the oxbows of the Mississippi River crossing between Tennessee and Arkansas a couple of times. Significant tree damage along the Mississippi River occurred. As the tornado passed over Corna Lake in Tipton County (the west side of the Mississippi River) and extreme southern Mississippi County, EF- 3 damage was observed. The tornado then crossed the Mississippi River into Tipton County, Tennessee. Peak winds were estimated at 145 mph in Mississippi County.
Episode narrative: A powerful cold front raced across the Mid-South during the morning hours of March 3, 2023. Strong winds ahead of the front caused scattered damage across northeast Mississippi. Storms developed along the cold front producing damaging winds across northeast Mississippi and a weak tornado in Itawamba County, Mississippi. Behind the departing cold front, a very tight pressure gradient developed resulting in high winds across the Mid-South through the afternoon hours on March 3rd. Winds gusted to over 60 mph at times producing damage across the Mid-South.

Tornado event in ITAWAMBA County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 03-MAR-23 09:30:00
End: 03-MAR-23 09:33:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 75.00K
Event narrative: A short-lived tornado touched down just east of the Tennessee Tombigbee Waterway. It caused significant damage to pine trees on Beaver Lake Road. Intermittent tree damage occurred along its path as it traveled northeast through an inaccessible heavily wooded area. Additional damage was noted on John E Rankin Highway and at the intersection of the highway and Taylor Road. Three houses and an outbuilding sustained roof damage in this area. Numerous metal roof panels were lofted into nearby trees. The estimated peak wind speed was 90 mph.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023.  This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and eastern Texas.  Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening.  Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region.  Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in CRITTENDEN County, ARKANSAS
Start: 31-MAR-23 16:28:00
End: 31-MAR-23 16:31:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 15.00K
Event narrative: The tornado that tracked through Wynne, Arkansas eventually moved from through the oxbows of the Mississippi River crossing between Tennessee and Arkansas a couple of times. Significant tree damage along the Mississippi River occurred.
Episode narrative: An upper level storm system via a powerful jet axis moved around the periphery of High Pressure and drove a cold front into a very unstable atmosphere which provided the lifting mechanism for air parcels which would become severe thunderstorms. The cold front arrived during the heating of the day and plenty of CAPE was present to promote powerful updrafts that would suspend large hailstones. The collapsing of storms created a rush of cooler air (outflow) sending other storms downstream that would produce damaging winds. A couple embedded tornadoes were also noted during this period given the favorable atmosphere across central Arkansas.

Tornado event in POPE County, ARKANSAS
Start: 25-JUN-23 15:19:00
End: 25-JUN-23 15:20:00
Direct deaths: 0
Event narrative: This tornado started just northwest of the intersection of Buck Mountain Road and Arkansas Highway 27, northeast of Dover. This tornado moved southeast along Buck Mountain Road before lifting west of the Esserman Lane. Tree damage was the primary damage with this tornado, with some trees uprooted to the northwest and some southeast in a converging pattern. This tornado had maximum estimated winds of 100 mph and was rated an EF1.
Episode narrative: A strong mid-level shortwave rounding the base of a parent low centered across the Great Lakes region encountered an environment displaying a warm and moist airmass, leading to thunderstorm development across the Southeast United States. Thunderstorms congealed into clusters with bowing segments, eventually sweeping through the region within an environment displaying unusually strong mid-level flow, moderate to high levels of instability, strong downdraft convective available potential energy (DCAPE) and low-level backing winds supporting high levels of 0-3 KM storm relative helicity. Severe thunderstorms developed as a result, producing straight-line wind damage and a few tornadoes across southeast Georgia during late afternoon into early evening hours.

Tornado event in BULLOCH County, GEORGIA
Start: 14-JUN-23 18:08:00
End: 14-JUN-23 18:09:00
Direct deaths: 0
Event narrative: A National Weather Service Storm Survey Team confirmed an EF-0 tornado with an estimated maximum wind speed of 80 mph northeast of Brooklet, Georgia in Bulloch County occurring from 608 PM to 609 PM. The brief tornado started just south of the Brooklet-Leefield Road and Clito Road intersection in a farm field along a thin line of trees where several hardwood trees were uprooted. The tornado then traveled across the field to a pine plantation where it uprooted and snapped nearly a third of the pine trees. A drone flight confirmed a distinctive convergent pattern in the trees. The tornado then quickly lifted once it entered back into the adjacent farm field.
Episode narrative: In the early afternoon of the 30th, storms from Colorado crossed into Kansas along I-70. These storms produced heavy rain and small hail, along with two tornadoes before moving into Kansas.  The first tornado was located north of Seibert.  The second tornado was located northwest of Stratton.  Both remained over open country.  No damage was reported with either tornado.

Tornado event in KIT CARSON County, COLORADO
Start: 30-JUN-23 12:46:00
End: 30-JUN-23 12:47:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: Several groups of storm chasers north of Seibert filmed a brief tornado occurring.  Based on their approximate location with radar data, the tornado should have occurred just west of CR 13 between CR AA and CR CC.  No damage was observed with the 25 second tornado.
Episode narrative: A cold front moving across Oklahoma toward Arkansas interacted with a stalled front across southern Arkansas. Strong to severe storms were triggered along the boundary and the setup along the cold front prompted the development of clusters of thunderstorms which produced damaging winds and multiple tornadoes.

Tornado event in LOGAN County, ARKANSAS
Start: 18-JUN-23 00:12:00
End: 18-JUN-23 00:17:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 0.00K
Event narrative: This tornado began just downstream of Prairie Mountain southwest of Fox Road. Along Fox Road, five of six chicken houses were completely destroyed. Debris from the chicken houses was blown across Fox Road into an adjacent tree line. The tornado continued northeast crossing Highway 288 removing roofing material off of a house and a couple more chicken houses sustained damage. A two car garage was blown off the foundation; no wall attachments were found connected to the slab. The tornado crossed Highway 109 and Hillcrest Lane uprooting trees and removing the roofing material off of an outbuilding while completely flattening another outbuilding. The tornado continued northeast crossing Stoney Point Road, Weiterer Road, Grenwelge Lane, to the intersection of Dublin Road and Highway 197 at the community of Dublin. The tornado uprooted some hardwood trees in this location before lifting. This tornado had maximum estimated winds of 120 mph and was rated an EF-2.

Tornado event in RANDOLPH County, ARKANSAS
Start: 18-JUN-23 15:57:00
End: 18-JUN-23 16:08:00
Direct deaths: 0
Event narrative: This tornado began along Arkansas Highway 166 South between Sanders Road and Eric Road uprooting hardwood trees. The tornado continued southeast crossing Harmony Road knocking down several additional hardwood trees. The most significant damage this tornado produced occurred on Manson Road, where several trees were uprooted and large branches snapped off with one branch landing on a roof of a house. The roof sustained minimal to no visible damage. This tornado lifted after crossing Old Country Road before reaching U.S. Highway 67 south of Pocahontas. This tornado had estimated winds of 107 mph and was rated EF-1.
Episode narrative: The first significant event to produce widespread severe weather across the Mid-South for 2023 occurred on March 24, during the afternoon and evening hours.  This severe weather episode occurred mainly over portions of the Lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys. Surface analysis for this day depicted a quasi-stationary boundary from the Mid-Atlantic States and Ohio Valley through northern portions of West Tennessee and Arkansas and stretching back through Central Texas. Low pressure tracked along the stalled front into southeast Missouri during the evening. Meanwhile, a potent mid-level trough ejected out of the southwest U.S. Upper air analysis indicated the Lower Mississippi Valley was in the right entrance region of a strong 300 mb upper-level jet streak. This produced sufficient upper-level divergence and lift needed for severe thunderstorm development. 

Moderate instability combined with strong wind shear resulted in a QLCS (Quasi-Linear Convective System) convective mode. This northern part of the QLCS initially started over Western Arkansas Friday afternoon and moved east into Eastern Arkansas by early evening and then across West Tennessee. The northern part of QLCS produced scattered wind damage, flash flooding, and a weak tornado.  The southern end of this QLCS scraped across north Mississippi with numerous reports of flash flooding, damaging winds, and several weak tornadoes. 

The most significant storm of the night occurred during the late evening hours of March 24, as thunderstorms developing in advance of the QLCS streamed northeast Calhoun and Chickasaw Counties. A tight and small circulation developed in Chickasaw County (MS) about 5 miles east-northeast of Trebloc and quickly grew in strength as it moved into Monroe County (MS), producing significant damage from New Wren to Amory and Smithville, with the most significant damage occurring in Amory.

Tornado event in PANOLA County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 24-MAR-23 19:38:00
End: 24-MAR-23 19:44:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 140.00K
Event narrative: The tornado formed near the intersection of Eureka Road and Crouch Road, moving northeast and affecting the areas along Holmes Road and Henderson Road. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted along this path with minor roof damage observed and a few snapped utility poles. This tornado then crossed both Dees Road and Highway 315 where significant tree damage was observed. Minor damage occurred to trees and a few outbuildings along Joiner Road where the tornado finally lifted. Peak winds were estimated at 110 mph.
Episode narrative: A regional tornado outbreak occurred during the late afternoon of Friday, March 31, 2023, and continued into the early morning hours of Saturday, April 1, 2023. This outbreak covered portions of the Ohio Valley, and the Middle and Lower Mississippi Valleys, including a good portion of the Mid-South and stretching into the Tennessee Valley. On Friday, March 31, a surface low was located near La Crosse, WI, with a cold front stretching south into central/southwest Missouri, western Arkansas, and into eastern Texas. Surface temperatures were mainly in the 70s to approaching 80 degrees with surface dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s, yielding Surface-Based CAPE (SBCAPE) values between 1500-2000 J/kg by Friday evening. Favorable upper-level divergence produced by the right entrance region of a 140-kt jet streak at 300 mb provided ample lift to produce strong to severe thunderstorms across the region. Directional and speed shear were impressive with 70-80 knots of Effective Bulk Shear present and 0-1 km Storm Relative Helicity values between 500-600 m2/s2, all more than enough for organized thunderstorms across the area. Discrete supercells started to develop across the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon hours on March 31, 2023, eventually tracking into the Mid-South by late afternoon. The first supercell that developed in the Mid-South produced an EF-3 that caused major damage in Wynne, Arkansas. Tornadic supercells continued to produce significant tornado damage across the Mid-South into the early morning hours of April 1, 2023. The hardest hit areas besides Wynne, Arkansas included Covington, Tennessee, and McNairy County, Tennessee. Overall, 14 tornadoes occurred across the Mid-South along with several reports of wind damage and measured damaging wind speeds. Eighteen people in the Mid-South lost their lives in this outbreak.

Tornado event in UNION County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 31-MAR-23 23:46:00
End: 31-MAR-23 23:49:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 15.00K
Event narrative: A tornado touched down in eastern Union County. Damage first began along County Road 183 in Union County, with a couple of trees down. After crossing Highway 9, the tornado moved into Lee County along County Road 2700, where more significant tree damage was observed, earning an EF1 rating. The tornado then moved into Lee County. Peak winds in Union County were estimated at 90 mph.
Episode narrative: The first significant event to produce widespread severe weather across the Mid-South for 2023 occurred on March 24, during the afternoon and evening hours.  This severe weather episode occurred mainly over portions of the Lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys. Surface analysis for this day depicted a quasi-stationary boundary from the Mid-Atlantic States and Ohio Valley through northern portions of West Tennessee and Arkansas and stretching back through Central Texas. Low pressure tracked along the stalled front into southeast Missouri during the evening. Meanwhile, a potent mid-level trough ejected out of the southwest U.S. Upper air analysis indicated the Lower Mississippi Valley was in the right entrance region of a strong 300 mb upper-level jet streak. This produced sufficient upper-level divergence and lift needed for severe thunderstorm development. 

Moderate instability combined with strong wind shear resulted in a QLCS (Quasi-Linear Convective System) convective mode. This northern part of the QLCS initially started over Western Arkansas Friday afternoon and moved east into Eastern Arkansas by early evening and then across West Tennessee. The northern part of QLCS produced scattered wind damage, flash flooding, and a weak tornado.  The southern end of this QLCS scraped across north Mississippi with numerous reports of flash flooding, damaging winds, and several weak tornadoes. 

The most significant storm of the night occurred during the late evening hours of March 24, as thunderstorms developing in advance of the QLCS streamed northeast Calhoun and Chickasaw Counties. A tight and small circulation developed in Chickasaw County (MS) about 5 miles east-northeast of Trebloc and quickly grew in strength as it moved into Monroe County (MS), producing significant damage from New Wren to Amory and Smithville, with the most significant damage occurring in Amory.

Tornado event in LEE County, MISSISSIPPI
Start: 24-MAR-23 20:45:00
End: 24-MAR-23 20:57:00
Direct deaths: 0
Property damage: 300.00K
Event narrative: The tornado initially touched down just east of the Lee and Union County border at the intersection of County Roads 251 and 2250. A house sustained minor roof damage and had its carport destroyed. The majority of the track was highlighted by snapped and/or uprooted trees, outbuilding damage, and minor roof damage to several homes. The most significant damage occurred near the railroad tracks on Main Street in Guntown, where two large sheds were destroyed and an adjacent house had its wall shifted. The tornado then tracked northeastward to the north side of Five County Sportsman Lake where several trees were damaged. Intermittent damage continued into the northeast portion of the county before dissipating near the Prentiss and Lee County line. Peak winds were estimated at 100 mph.