Premise: Kerala ( [ ˈkɛrələ ] ) historically known as Keralam , is an Indian state in South India on the Malabar Coast . It was formed on 1 November 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act by combining Malayalam-speaking regions . Spread over 38863 km2 , it is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast , Tamil Nadu to the east and south , and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west . In the 15th century , the spice trade attracted Portuguese traders to Kerala , and paved the way for the European colonisation of India . Kerala has the lowest positive population growth rate in India , 3.44 % ; highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) , 0.712 in 2015 ; the highest literacy rate , 93.91 % in the 2011 census ; the highest life expectancy , 77 years ; and the highest sex ratio , 1,084 women per 1000 men .
Hypothesis: Kerala is the 1st song listed on Billboard.
Label: CONTRADICTION