Premise: Afghanistan . The land also served as the source from which the Kushans , Hephthalites , Samanids , Saffarids , Ghaznavids , Ghorids , Khiljis , Mughals , Hotaks , Durranis , and others have risen to form major empires . The Saffarid dynasty was a Muslim Persianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran , with its capital at Zaranj ( a city now in southwestern Afghanistan ) . Khorasan , Afghanistan and Sistan from 861 to 1003 .
Hypothesis: Afghanistan is the source of the Saffarid dynasty which ruled from 438 to 439 CE.
Label: CONTRADICTION